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Ϊ׷鸸ʧ֮գַ̾ɽţںһŮӡ
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˫޳ã΢Ȼ趨΢Ⱥÿcp򶼲ͬheҲbeϲcp߿Ů˴໥棬ꡣް׳ա
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ʧҵһλ
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½طһֱϴδû峡
Χȫֵ·࣬ҵͬֱ׳
ġġģк
ɴ֣浽
ʲô£
½ط̣ȴ̬ԽԽԾ
ĳգΪˡְ˳ֺȻͣϡ
Ϊ͵͵½طǲץ֣Լǰ
ҪҪ󡣡
ݱǩ ǿǿ  ж Ű  Ⱥ
ӽң޷
һ仰飺Ҫͱ
⣺壬Ϯ֤


1 . ꣨һ
ɽۣѩççɼűѩ붳һҰ׵ĻһƬãΨз嶥һԺ¥Ŀ
Ժ֮УһŮΧ䳡⣬ȺУһŮӷӶһƻŮ
ŮܲƷأŹԵԶһѩǿ֧һŻһѪ
ŮȻأӸ³ŮȻʣң㻹ϴ
ҲŮȻֱ̧ۣŮӣк޾ɫʣΪҪϣ
Ըţ˱䣬ȴŮһƽһһ֪ʦصԽδԸҪѳʦţвʦӮ̰˵޴԰գ沽һбң硣
ң֧ӣܿŮƷ磬һվӣּһֻôæܣȴƣһģ˿סΡ
޽Ǽ鷢Ө׵ѩѣҡҷ
СңȺ֮УһϸŮڰ಻סһƣȺңǰŮӸǰ򵹣ˡң۴ΣıⶨΪ˳ײʦ𡣽ƣôȥ¡
㣬˺󡣡ңʮƽشĻڸǰŮһԡ
Сң
˵ˡһСѡ
ͬãͬһţȻʦУȴȻͬ
δ䣬ֻ͵ϮңĻƽȶû˿֪˰ʹȴ޶ã֮֮ҹ⡮֮Ϊιʣ
οɽŹ棬ʦߣ¹ðУȥң˵Ź£ҪЮ֮˵
ңŮӸŭȡ
ż϶Ŀ𳤣̰ѩɽۣңʼƽң뿪أҲǳȫ𣿡
ŮԣüĶس£ɫԽѿ
ңָһ㣬΢ֱŮ˫Ŀȫ޾⣺ʮУų֡
ڤ粻飡Ůŭݲƣͷ¡
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ѩ⳿΢ůңյôϵŮۡ
ңչ˫ۡ޵ŲӽĹ⣬ճȥӣһ˫͸
ɽɣ⾰һǧҹҹշתģʼδ˫Ϸ˪
´ץһ԰ͷֻƮƮһ˻Σֹ䣬ת¥߳ᣬֱǽȥ
ɽţˮɽӳˮ̼両һ˿ʣľ
˭뵽ʱɽͷΪݵħ̵ľɵأ
ԣʮǰĴң۴˴ֽ𡣴սأɴӴ˵֣ʢӴ伣
η֮أҲһƬͨɽͷ
˼Ƨһֱ˾ңںӱ߲ſķ˵ĲˮתԶԶӭ
Ǹ꣬ȴʧݣһϮīҶԲխ䳤Ͽͦ
ң࿴ۡ
˶ԼŤͷ
бŮϸķ˿һ˫ˮͫʣȻ¹⡣꿴һ˲ǲԾ𣬳¶΢Ц
ߵɿڣϥںӱΨһһɴǰ򴬼ѯʹӵļ۸ң״˲Ǯǰȥǡ꿴Ŵָ¶֮ɫ
Ҫôࣿüͬ·̣ҴӶӹʱɲۡ
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Ŀ¶棬ʻһԵңȴȿ˿ڣҳһ룬빫ͬ˴˴ɺã
ҲҪӣŤͷĿǡԣ׷ɿӹһ˿棬ּдЩЦ⡣
ǣңݸ̨֪ɷԸ⣿
Ȼͷߵһ࣬ϴȴ뵽£Դ벽ңϴң˿Ҳ˵Ȼ̤ϴ壬»ζֹһʱ֮䣬ɫ䡣
ʶˮԣȴǰ¶ӡⲻ¶Ľ꿴󸲸ģ̧֧ĸ첲ؽڴѣġ
ңλ˴ͷл
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ңڴͷôһϴ˲ڣ˭֪⴬򲻰ɾڴʱζһʵܲζֻ˳ڴͷŻ
㿴ʲôˣ治ѣƿһۣزӣ⴬Ҳǡ
ҲȫЩңЦҡͷڱأϰ̨Цˡ
ûʲôЦҲϷŴˮɲӦˡ
˵⻰ȥŵӣõͷ£ʾ¡
ҪǾͷΣòҪŴз߶Ъһܿ͵ˡ˵
ңһͷ漴ʵӿʿγƺ
Ҵӽ裬޷ǡ޷ǡøоʿ
ĩˣһЦʵأ
򡭡
Ļ˵һ롣ͻȻҵĻζңվӣܴ𵴣ֱһͷȥ
޷Ǽ״æǰңκģҲδ⵽úܽⶼһ
һͷѵλı䵽ˮҪǾˣɾȥ޻ؿ
ˣңһ㶣漴ʵʲôˣ
ɽסɣԵ޶͹һҵֱʮʮǰһｭˣаħɽˮˡ
˵˺ܴ꣬һȻĹӺ˺ʹ񡣰ǱӦ
˵ģʮǰΧһ£޷üһˣǿ˭
ˣ˱Ƿˡ˵ԺŰ£ﶼѪˮҡҡͷ̾˿֮ˤȥûе¹ӵ˻ܻϰ
ңɻ󣬱лʣϽ´𵴣εͷۻֻ޷ǵĲ£¡Ƴİĺ֮£һڼ·ıÿͷ
⴬ҲΣ޷Ǵǵڼˮʧ˼һδܴס
ңüһٴεͷˮȥûˮΣһ
ͷˮ¡䡱һȻը졣


2 . ꣨
׼һĵ޷⧲ִ֮£ʶۻסȻȻ־أüٿػιһ˿㵡
Ȼ䡱һζԽң߸ߵˮŹȵϢת˶ͷŹԣˤʵʵڴϣײûۡ
һ̧ͷ˱Ǽ룬֮ң˴˺Ϣܸܵ
޷ʱסʶס
ңȴգգۣëմŵˮ֮䣬峺ͫ׸һ˿ɻӳճǰ˴㵲ݡ
Сһ࣬ҵĻλģ
һ䣬Сһഫ졣˴Ķ˲ԼͬŤͷֻƼһˮ絹ٲˮ
ˮܿȥλˡң񼣬أˮȥ
Ŀ⴩ǵĺˮģģˮײһȭͷСɺ壬״ͫʣˮ
ңͷһ£һ˭֪´ֱǰбʱܿƣһͷȥ
ǧһ֮ʣһִֻ˹һѿסĸ첲
ʱ˿̣ˮ棬ʣ֮࣬ˮǼдŨŨ
ˮֻɺۣ·ѽߡ
޷Ǽסæ
ң긦̧һǡĿԡ
޷Ҳһ˿ײľнСʵû°ɣ
ңҡҡͷ
沨ӿҪСƷңεͷǣʶӣק޷Сϵ֣Ҳɿ֡
޷ͷһۣȴ˴˵
ȴʱһӴ״˼ͬʱŤͷպһƬˮ棬ٿشǰιֳȥ
죬£ɫ䣬ˣŭˣģԭ£
ңҲǴһۣһԾɷ޷Ǹ첲ϣһÿ󴬲ղһ档
ոԹԣ򺧵ɫҪʲôʹð
޷Ǽ㣬ֻˮǰæȴֿƬǰˮ棬ͷ
ң˷֣תڴͷ˫ֺ棬ˮ²ȥ
ˮ£ԼƤ̼ӿһƬɺ졣
ǡǡָɫɷף˵סһĻ
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ǴҲ˲һˮУάŴƽȡ
Ҫ𣿡ңһҧٴθ߾ˮС
ɺĺˮУǵڼǱ˸ͷңڶγ֮󣬷ɿߡ
Żӿĺ棬ڽָƽ
һ̣˶ˮǱ
ңǰɢ鷢ʪյڶǡ˫ͷѣ£棬̱ͷڴϢ
š¿ǵüֱҡͷ
ͲصЩˣ޷ǳ˵ҲЩ˵£ư
˵꣬Ťͷңһۣȴſ˷ڴͷİϣ˫Ŀ
޷ǳ˿˫ַŴ壬գƣӹգһ֮
·𷽲žĶǵûһ㡣
ʱĵСڵ˶԰
޷ǲңºӰȴô˵λѵˣĪٵɽ
ôɶࣿڱ𴦱ûң˵⻰Ȼ޷Ƿ첲ϵƵһԡ
ſڣֹŴȥ
ңŤͷһ۽ԶȥСۣü΢΢һҲ˵һ仰ӣȥ
޷ǼЩƣʶһеǡ
ʹ˱ɡңԲףһͷһ·ԶӰܿʧּ䡣
ҰïܣⱻҶָ㣬ңȹϣתֽȥ
֪ϦȻɽϼɢ֣һ죬˪һ˸ߵʯңǰ
ʯ¾ɣѵ·ּҲģһҲ塣
ǰȥϸǷʯ²ȵһ͹𣬵ͷһһѶϽ
ĳɫ£пڷһ˿⼣ҲûУĵõıƬȫͬ
ңȴУʶ֮Уϸ鿴Уָڱȶһ͵ؽһ˲
˽ǳɽ֮֡Ҳ˵ʦˣҲɽ֮С
ң󾪣˿벽ȴ³˰磬üһת²鿴ŷ³֮ǱĲڸǵһʯ塣
öϽʯΧҰݣָڵߵ˼£ʯ·տĻ
ң
ңǰһ̰Ųȵʯ壬ȴ֪ģǿʯ徹˿ٴߵȴǳƵ졣
̹·ռ䣬ɿıʵġ
⾿ʲôط
ңԾ̧ͷԶ

ңɽԺ޷ҲһСɽС
˵أɽе·ϤƾָѰŷȴھһƬľʱȻ˵̽ͷȥֻƼһһִݡ
һԵĲݵϣһòԲѵŮ
ŮκȴҲó
ˣȴǴҰ˿ޱ߷ŵǸɽ
ȷģ͸
СӣҲԼûŮˣòһȣ

ִ£ϸǰŮȨ
޷ֱüۼǾҪһԹľ¼ƬҶ˳ȥҶܾ缤УŮмĿ϶ϼҰݺ󣬾ء
˭ǽӶһûüӦؿڱ㰤һƣϡһɳˤڵء
˶һ̧ʱŷ޷վǸǰ
˭ѽǸ˴꺺˺ȵ˴ү£
޷ǲԣߵŮԶ£̧̽̽ŮϢȷϢƽȣƳһۣЦһֱ׳ϲ̨档
Сӣ󵽶꺺Լˣۻֻ࣬϶޷Ŀͬǰһֱͦ壬ڵȿģӵϱˣ
㿴˾ģ޷ЦһˡҪͰǩˣȥҸɻ
̵ġһẺӼϸƤ⣬һģûֱƮˣֹšһȥ˿Ȼһ̱㱻ţһšѽѽֱлһ꺺Ӽˣŵתܡ
𡭡Ẻŵֱð뻽סˣСȴְһţز
˵ɣô£޷ǳ
ẺŵͷǾ˵˽ɽϹת죬εɽ롭롭
֧֧˵ͷҲ̧һ¡
޷Ǽ˵ҲʣͷֿһǵڵϵŮӣطʳָĴָһ룬ϰ֮˲дüһ̧Ẻӱһţͺȣ
ÿ㣬ɤȴͳ˻һֱŵẺһ𣬵ŵĨˡ
޷ö࿴һۣתߵǻԵŮǰ鿴Ρ
Ů̬Ь׽ż⴦΢ںȻùṦġ书Ȼв
ôʵģֻ˭
޷ǰ˼⣬촽ѣͽ˴ˮԴҶȡЩˮŮУһֱȵɽҲδתѡ
ڵ÷ˣ㼴ϵĻҳ߲һ󾢷磬桰ಡһХ죬Ϯ


3 . ˡ꣨һ
޷ǱܹŤͷһֻƼ¹֮£һϸâٿشʧڻ谵ɫ
˭޷üĶһʡ
أһöŷֱԵŮ
޷ǵ̽һ̣üĽ֮ʵָ֮䡣ͬʱӰٿشҰݴдҰһ㷢˻𣬳˹
һƣ漴ۣػؿڣӻɳȥ֮ʣȴһ˿졪
˽ɿ壬˿ϰ
Ȼõʽȴģһһʽ͸Ҳǿþˡ
޷һУƭһǰѸײڶ֮ƣԾֽķ˺£ֻϢ鸡һ׸⣬综֢һ㣬ۿն
Ķ˭
޷ͻʻ΢΢ƫͷһƳֻŮ֪ʱѹããȻԭأ㵡
ǡʲôˣŮԹ˿ֵͷ˿Լ
ﲻ֪Ǻδ޷ǲ꣬ۼܿһӭˡ
ŮãȻҡҡͷ֪ϵҽʲô֣
ʱһ˳˹ȥŮʶ̧ȣһߣ֮߷ڵء
޷Ƕ
Լֶ֪
ɻţ죬˵ĹҲԽȵ޷
ŮԾܹһƻ˳ƽһã֮״ǶЩ˵ô£Ǵģ
޷ȴƺδĻأૣ̡Īǿ䣿
ŮժɽһֱŤһŹֵĻȣƹš
Ůˣ޷Ǵ󺰣ո˵ʲô
뿪⣬пͬ͡
޷԰գ棬Ծ¿һͷ߿¿ܣһᣬֱӽֵ˳ȥڵ档
ȴʱִϸ죬뷽öȴǽȻͬķȻֻܣö࣬߶һɵѵ˸ǰĿֻߣ
ʱˣȻ
޷üһֻ̧۵Ӳ·ɵҲƳ˿벽
ݴԡ޷ǵһڸ첲ϵķɵ˿ΧѨָסޱ˳ڵϡ
˿ڽѪմߡ
Ů״ǰȴһȻһѶסʺ
ȤһŮ˵Ӧ湻죬ϧ޶Ȼ˿Ѿˡ
»𣿡޷ĨȥѪɫĮĪˡѻˣ
˵⻰ֹһſһźɫӰȻñǹͷѹñܣ׶ס
˲ֻ߽ԶԶվţЦϧһò׮£㱾ùܵġˣжϧ
𣿡޷ЦͷƳһ۱ЮֵŮɴ˫ۣǸŮˡ
˭ʧȥ䣬йأ
ŮЦת޷ǣж˼ģ
˵Цˣֲϵ޷չյڶ֣ǲʶȤ
ĻһֻߣٿȻһȻʧŮǰʧȴУʵ͸δֺ
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ŮӦҲ죬׼ʱǯƣ˵رһơ
Ů˼״ʱԾ˫׳׹˶
˰գ·ԼѳӹŹֵػػȣ˵ǰ·ͨͨ
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ǺӰָż룬һޣϡǹ£˱治ɫȴԼܿó޶˼ĵ̡
âɳ޽棬ǧһһ˲䣬֪ӺδһضϽҹɫŮײﬡһ컮ҹգ
ǶϽ·Ҳڳ֯͵ġҴת¹ҫ£롰мνӣܿ˺һ·
Ůһ㶡޷ȴδŹյۼ𾢷磬Щ䣬漴һŮԾ⣬ء
ǾȻа֣Ů˳һ䣬ƼǶϽת˷ֱĿҪæʽ˳߿⡣
ǺŮ˵ͬҲջ˳ޣطӶ𣬼֣ҲƵʧҹɫ
ǶϽҲֹͣǰϣз´£˰УƬ֮ٿһƾ˻ȥ
һģӰڶϽصķλ
˭Ů˾ﲻѣһߺ
һƽȵĽŲһλŮӺڰ֮С
޷ǿӰȻ
ңڶ̽񴦵ķ˿ûĻĿŮˣ۵͸֮ɫ
㡭Ů˿ģӽһ˲ܡ
󷨣ǲܣң΢ΪмϽݲֱ̺Ůš
˲ֻʺˣıܿʽеٲսתԶıӰʧҹɫУЩٿصɽҲӦ˵ϡ
ңñУ׷ʹ֮⣬ߣƣͷϸ鿴صɽ
Ϊβ׷Ů⡣
˵ϸǶ֪׷ȥһزأңȷɽǣվߵʧŮǰüͷʵңôֵط

ԣ
ģķ޺󹬣ŮӺûκεĸϸϷ٣һֱγʱô졣


4 . ˡ꣨
ϵ
ϵң
޷Ůͬʱڣﲻѡ
˵ʲôɵңĿⶢסʧŮϸƬ̣ڲ㡭ô£
ղŻʲôŮ飬ʮ棬ϵҶԲԣʲôǵˣֶǵãʲôѽ
ҡңֱŮ˫ĿüĽңͬŲͬڵʦáѵ㶼ǵˣ
ҶͷɫЩȻ
ңĸв죬Ŀת޷ǡ
ҡ޷ʶ֣ʲš
ûǸ˼ңҡͷֻʣʱʲô龰
޷ǲԾܿĿ⣬˴Ǽ⣬˵ԭΪ֮¶ǡײεҰ⣬Щɽ°ߡ
°ߣңһ۵ڵϵЩɽ񣬡ǣ
ǵǣ޷룬ЩɽĴӣظ֪Ϊ㡢𣬳ŮӤֻжվ쳤ûŮˡ
ңԼĻЦôϲ֮˺˳׺ˣʲôŮˣ
׶˵ĶԻͷûŮˣֲҪŮץҸʲô
ץ㲻Ϊǡ޷Ծ໰˵ʵһ룬졣
Щңҡͷգǣҵĸ첲ǰϸһҡͷ̾鷳ˡɽǧڴˣԲɺϡ
ɽ޷⻰һʱ죬ɵɴ˫ۣλѵɽɵˣ
һǣȴˡң
޷һϸһĿȴԾң϶ͣƬ̡
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ңҡͷжϽ˹ȥĽɣ
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ǡôʶأԽԽͿ
ͬ۽ɽһ֮Եˡң˵꣬㼴ҵ֣첽߿
޷ԭأŶ˱Ӱһü˼Ƭ̷̧ȸϡ
ɽҹɽź鮣֮·ѰһֻϸͤڣЪϢ
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ɽŹ棬ŵĵӶɵ׺ҡĵ֮Уʹϰ䡣
ڴ֮⣬ÿľ³һһεѡ䣬֡ʮĵӽԿɲμӱԣ֮ˣ볯УԴա
һ꣬һ·նǳԵĶˣǷҡңҡ
ʹΪն䣬ЯѩƮɣм䡣ңһšܿбĽƣζԾݲգһбն⻪תЮ磬ҽУ硣
ȴʱңۣ֪ܺػǰһ
ҴֲһȻĳڵء
ʦǡһæǰû
͵ϮңüתֻƼ治֪ʱһ̲ѩ
˭һƲų˴ʵ޳СˣʩֶΣվ
ѡҳĵӣǰˡ庮¿̨ЦǰĴҵʡ
ţղҺͰұ֮ʱ˰ѩΪڣҺңϵ
԰գɿں֣ĽʣļƬ֤ݡ¶ȶڻüԽ
һ綼ڲμӱԣ֧Ҳпԭ庮µһǿ彡ⳡܹʤԭ֮е¡
ģţָŵ̲ѩղŵ¿϶йʦ书һҺã
ң庮ºͰЦɽϱضѩָŵϵĻѩ˵͵Ϯ˵ʲô
ΪɽҰǻѩԷŻѩΪ˻ɡңô˵˭
ųͻȻıʣɽһڵԼͬ¶ٵǲɵɫ
ңαԣֻһУȷϧ庮࣬˵⻰ʱмָζ˱ˣʮ꣬Ժ㻹лᡣ԰գ̷תɢ
ţҲңԭأ庮µıӰûд飬Ҳûֻܻƽ˵
Ŷ庮΢΢ͷ巳֮ɫʲô
ң׽ʦ̻壬Ǳϰ䣬Ӳɢ¡ңһߵ庮վһһƮƮһ仰ĨɱиûˣսɵȵͬݣֵΣһмꣿҪһιô𣿡
Ϊֱ̹ԣӲĨǡһ庮̱üͷ˫˵ԩ㣿
ôΪأң˿ӡ
ǿʶҳҲҪĵӡ庮˵ţ̧ɤڳӴ˿ÿһεĵѡңóκ˲ÿ֮ţ


5 . ֮ͣһ
ⲻƽϯһŮӻȻңʦ𣬷ҡʹ䡣
ɿ챼볡УԾδ庮¹ȭ˵˼
ͬһ£ңͬҲ󣬷ɿǰסõ֣ǰ
˼庮µһϲɽɣȴĵӣҲ֪մ⸡ԣһ㲻ģ㼱һӮҳСҲװ𡣡
ңһ˾صţ׽ЩĪеϣսȭͷȻйƵģٿɿ
˵ģȷңǰɫȻִȻˣңʦصһ徲
Σ庮ŭˡ
Σѳʦţѭң
ң֪Լ˵ʲôȵ
ûǴŹ棬ֻҪŹðУ߳ɽţȥңƿ֣ɫ̩Ȼ˵δΪ֮ҿһ
ңΪʦţ庮˰УЯˣײײɽʱŭİʹһ̫ˣ
һԱĿ붨޷Ǳ⻰ŵһ飬͵˫ۣŤͷ˿ȥ֮ɫ
žµ𣿲סҷ߷߲ƽʦ㣬ôôɽأѵá
ɽʲôãңݸһЦվչ˫ۣһչͥҹӴ˲κξҲʮڣ
⻰ͷ˼
޷ȴɵüĳɻ
ңƳ⸱˼ģʵǶԴкο
ûûС޷ʶܿĿ⣬֣ٴαĿ붨
ӲǽǷǣЩ׵ġ
ȵһ磬˱˴صϡ
ݳڣУСпУַǷ
ҷűʣ޷ǲһŻֹңʵʦö˶ɽɽ϶סꡣΪηʱȴް㲻ʣ
ӦȥңͷƳһͣһ̯λǰͬСн̸ңβѣû׼ӾǱҺãֻ򡭡òȫ֮ޱҪҴӴҲȥɽܡ
Żһ·ֻλٿҴ˿ģʧͷñκͷӻҲ˫ҲƣҪ̱ȥ
ʱұһ˹ݸңղС˵δʣԵľͺˡҪҪ
Բ¡ңߵҲһõŵǰʯǰ£Ъȵߡ
޷ǺһۣȺԡ
ʱһλ˵˵̵ĴţңĿɿ޷ɨЩˣʲô·
ʮǰ֮иλ֪ŮճһŰ˰ߣЯһѽ񳾡ĺᵶĺ塣޷ǵ˴ӲĿʾˣ²⣬ѳʿս˵ֻҪŮܣ͵ժߣһݡ
Ǻأʤ𣿡Һʵ
ûС޷ҡͷ񽭺˳ơµһĶԪ̫үҲսԴΪעһս
ŮΪ񽭺ˣ˻ңΪ⡣
Ϊ֪ħ̵ĽΪһ޷ǵ󲻾ãʮǰ۽ɽׯׯѦǣͷɽ֮Χ̣֮Ҳû֪
ÿϧҲпö˶˵ģΪʲôҪأ˵ţһ㶣׷ᵽġ䡯ʲô
ǰľɼҵһЩأʹ޹ΪԼµֶΡֻߣǵ꽭ʢģԿչŮͯ޷ǵھʹã㲻ö֪ˡ
ǰΣ˿йϵңüͷ
Ҳ֪޷һҡͷ˵أҵļʵࡣֻǡ
ȻһͣԵʦöˣԼͬԶ춯
ʦ㣬˸ǺܾˡС˵
޷ǲɫվ߿
ң໺һԵ̨϶¥ʣһˣ¶棬첽׷ϣ
棬ֻǽߵȶͨġңһǰУһŶ¥ˣܿ⵽һɫ쳤ġͷ
⡰ͷ뷢԰ףߵĲȴ쳣Ƚξͣȴ̬ʮֲЭ·ǸӲͬϣĲʱװɵһ壬ٶ
ң̼ӿŲǡͷҲýɡ
¥µ޷ȻҲ쳣ĶȻ֮У˳ӵδ£ֲֻȺ׷ϡǡͷȻɿ
ңҲʾݲ׷ƽǡͷĽŲҷӦȻ֮⡣ʷһ֧Ϸྭ˰Źڽ¥ߵĲϡңӹ𶥣һ㣬ԾһԾڡ
ͷݲ񱼡ңߺһվס˲Χܾ·ˣ̳ǡͷ׷˹ȥڽֵϵ޷Ǽ״סһĳᦣݲϣң֮ȣȼ׷
ң׷ǡͷһѿͷǺˣΪθǣ
˭ˣСҪ˵ͷӽԺãɲѾͷƬӡ
ͷ˵꣬һңаھ
ңüͷһڣȴ޷Ҳ׷
򶨣ָˣסңǡͷ˼ңȱ𼱣βԼǲǶ˶
Ƕ˶ˣҲץƵģççײײҲ˼ҡͷ˶񣬸˵
ʶʲô޷ٿȻ
Ҫ֮͸ɣͷ˵꣬ͻȻˣֱȥ
˴󾪣æ̽ȥֻǡͷڵϣ֫ҡʼװˣˣҡͷӡʲô
ңҧ
֪·˷׷Χ£ָָ㣬۷׷ס
ҼƲԣæ˸¥ݴҴ¸ϡ
˼ңͷɶȫˣģӦϡ˰ɣ޷ǳͣˤȥ㵸ӹǿá
˵ʲôͷ۵غҽлû˵ʲô
˵ôûˤأ޷ɫ䡣
ңñ磬һת۱ѷˡͷƲԣһתܡô׷Ҹϣһֱ׷֮⡣
һת䣬ң߻ȻʣֵҲտࡣ
ȻǰȴûǸͷ
׷˼ͣһͷ
һվȥЬĻҳ
⸾˵ڣմһɫϸ˿
ķһ˿ͷ˿ûһ׷
λˣңһ˹ȥڣʵղſпһλܹȥ
˲ԣ̧ͷ
˺󣡡޷һϺȣң


6 . ֮ͣ
ңܻͷȴһͻɫ̳Ǻֱԡ޷Ͼˣǰȥһԣ̳ɢǡˡѲ֪ȥ˺δ
û°ɣ޷Ǹæͷ鿴˳ĴָĨȥһСմµİ׻ңٿضס
ȻӦԼһٶʵЩḡ
ңȴ˲ЩĨ˼ѵİ׻ңֿ˼ǿۣûƼǸ֮˵Ӱһʱղѡ
Ѿˡ޷ǺΣȻ޵֮ϣմŴССֲİ׻ңǱȴʧɰһʱ̲סЦֻȭڱΪΣɤӣŮЩСõļ»öൣЩ
ʲôҶûңɫ㲻ֶΣ޳
һʯҷۣòͲͺá޷ǵ˸һ·ưոݡθٲɣӦ´Ρлץסġ
ʱ֪׷˿ңմ˰׻ҵæͳãôˣû׷𣿸ղǸأ
ˡң
ˣʲôͷҲ
йأ޷̧죬ͷãתˣЦ˰ɣȥҵ㶫ԣ롣
ʳʳõĻֶһʲ衣
ҿһңֿ˿޷ǣüʵˣƺǻصϿʼһ·β棬϶вɸ˵Ŀġ
ǵĿĿ㡣޷һʲ裬Ƶңǰһڶһ˵ʧǰһʲô
˵ְ꣬ѵڶʲƵҸǰ
ˣʦ㣬Ҷʲ裬ʵ֪Ǻʱ뿪ɽ𣿡
˵ģ͹ǴɽߵҲûһ¹򡣡ңӣ˼Ƭֻ£˶٣˵ԭ£Ӧ֪ͨˣǰͻȥŶѺǲģָպ㣬ôȥǣֻ»Ե֦ڡ
еҵͷһǾ㱨ء
ԸôԼֻǣȥñ֪ҡң
ҲȥҸɴ˵һ֪ң̣ҪǸҲ鷳ô죿οʧȥ䣬ˣֶΡҪȻҸҽʦ
ҲǸ취
޷˵Ļһ˼Ϊڻб©ļأȻصңû׼а취
ʦöɻ󣬱͵¶ԣȻ˵⣬ֻȡ룬ЩţҶҲʮҪϢܹģǾλ
˽̸Ĺѽ˶һвˣһңλŲŲ¡
ȴЩأɴ֮£ʼӣңһһһԵ޷ʼնƽţɫ糣
ɽĻѱ˹⿿²Ҳ뵽ԭΪٺۼΪٴλͷҲ鲻κȻֻܾ뿪ݡ
ù߳ʳţȴͷɫͻȻ
ǱΪ䣬ֽ꣬˻˿ᣬȴˢˢ˵ϡ
ô£޷㶵а𣿡
˲Լͬ⣬ԽʶԾ̹ɫתѸҹֲָ·ؼһУһξ޿ɡ
ڰ֮УңһֻӣΡ
һȴһ˽ѻ
ˣʲôҲ⡣
ɲܺ˵ǿɽ񣡡Żش
˵ͷͷǵѵǼʵ
߶߶ģȥ˭ڵңɫģ糣ҪǸղδѾˣҲںһ
ƾŻΨһĹعŵȺм䴩Уǽȥ;գͷڵأϡңüͷʼսּ֧ۣ䣬ȴǰһޱȵĲҽУҪ˵Ķ
ʲôɽ𣿡üͷ
Ӳ֡ҡ񡣡޷ǵ˵
ңˮϼţڣȴǰպָ糣
վ⣬ȫȻ벻˼䵽ô¡
ңۣҡҡͷұͷȴЬһͷһȴһѪˮּʶҽŵסڲѥΧһС̲Ѫ
ңüĶһȳбȥҼ״첽׷ȥ
޷Ǳԭվһӿ˿ççײײıӰҡҡͷ̧Ų
Ȼӳģȴһ߹Ѫİ׹ǡ׹ԵĲԶһãŮ
޷̱˫ۣرܣһҲҿԡ
кҶŮԣ̽̽Ϣ̧ͷң
ңûлش𣬶æŴӰҳһȿȶڸǰסŮȫ£ϣŻͷ޷ǵתˡ
޷⻰ʲŻתĿⶨǾ߹Ѫİ׹֮ϣüͷһԲ
ң˿ǰ׹ǣѪδɣʬױѻ˹ͷʲô
ǻʬˮһ£˵ã̵ֱʡ޷˼ĿɨԵŮӣҲ֪ô¡
Ҹղż򵥿ûˣȻ΢ȴҲƽȡңҸᣬȰ㡣
ǰҵͷȻˣ𲻹ɡ
޷һͷ̧ö𣿡
Ҫ㱳ȥҺƷֲŮ֮˵
ǲɡ޷Ƿ̾˿
ȵŮڿѾǰʱ֡
޷ǿڿͷһ࣬ɫڣڴߵİϣĿתĶ
ŮһãȻ˶㡣ȴݵش˹ȥͲƵ˵û°ɣںӱ߼㣬Ա߻һʬǣ𣿡
ңһʱûüס죬ֻεط֡
ŮԾɽӣֱֱŶˣһԡ
޷Ǽ״żߵԣһֻձյЩˮߵǰݸŮ˵ûж⣬غ¡
Ů̽䱸ǰӴ״̽ӹյݸȴŮһס첲ûüʻۡһ˳
ʮ飺ôǲҪ㣿
ŮҭŵͷҺѰף˴֪һҶѾˣ˭֪·˴ˣҪҡҡҲӣǾͰҴΣ֮󡭡֮Ҿʲô֪ˡ
ǡǾ߰׹ǡɣŵ
Ů˴ޡ
ﻹб𣿡ң̾˿ȻϢһ㣿
ŮͷҲȺ˳ȥڰ޷ǺضסŲŤͷңܲҿղչֻ֣
ʲô𣿡ң֣ʵ
޷ǲԣһָ⣬һֻھ࣬鿴Ůֻ֮ϣȻֳĺɫָӡ
ô𣿡Ҵǰʵ
⣡޷һ֣תرȥ

ԣ
Ӳ֡ҡ
Ӳ
ԭĸǷֿģװƹ


7 . ֮ͣ
޷һ·ͷҲأֱɱŮڿͷƿţȻȥǿտյȫȻûз˵ټΨʣ뿪Ĵȣ紵ҡҡλΣ֨ѽ֨ѽ
ʦö˽Ƽ˾һʱ㶵⡭أô£
ǾʱϿ˺ۣ޷üĽ
ֻһЩҳǳĲˡң
Ƕƭˡ޷ҡͷЦ
Ϊƶͷԡ
޷ɫһ˲ɻѵ𣿡
ʲô˵ݶûȥĲɻ
޷Ƕʱ
˵ˡȻҺ͡ңһңʾ˵ŤͷƳһۿյĴֻ̣֮̾ɡƼˮֺ꣬İ̹ϣ
ҹžڵƵĹʦö󣬰Ӱϳ
ʦ㣬һֱʣֱطſڣʵһʼҾûĻλ˵ģЩҪʲô
ʲôѣô˵Ƶģ
Ȼǲ仨ңεɽϴˣûûܸÿɣ
Ҿǡ
˰ˣҲҪңһ£ֻҪӲ磬ʲô˵
ʦ㡪Ҽɫһת˹ңɽϳţ˲ϲ𣿡
˽㣬Ŷһ
㻹н㣿ҡಡһվֱӡ
ǡңͷҵͬ㣬ǰ¶ȥˣҲʱʱҪģİΣ
һ˵һߵߣƿȡҹƷɫɴбڴأ
޷ڴߣűҹɫֵŰüͷԽ
ݻգѷôŹ֮£ֱһж򵥡
ȴûһҳͷ
˺ܾãҲþˣصߣɵ˯ȥ̫࣬һҹȥߣ˯Ѽ䣬ƺ˺ܶΣɵȵ峿˫ۣȴʲôҲǵá
ֻ߳ţߵ¥´ãһڴ¡
ȻûŴ⣬ü
һ»꣬Ӵǰڿһɲǣͣ½ŲϲЦ
š޷վƺܲԸ
߰鼱֮£ֱӷ룬һס޷ǣҺңܵˣ
Ҹʲô޷ֻĪһ˦֣Ƕүӵڣ
˵ȥˣҡͷүүٳҪˣ¶ʮ壬罭ȺۡôҲǾ罣һĴˣܲܲɣ˵ţӻͳһź˹ȥ
¸£޷ǳãӹӣҲһۣ㴧˻֪ˣȥɡ
Уүүذ˵ţֽסɫã̡
š޷ٴ֣Ƭ̣ת¥ݣңǰš
ңţȴһ࣬˵Щ鷳̳ǡǡ
ʲôˣң䣬Ŀȴסλǡ
޷ǰãͷȴżӴľ׳󣬽¥ݿȫס
ǲ㣿ңĿⶨϣüʵ
ͬһʱ̣ʧ˳ô㣿
һ֮Ե֡ңֱӴĻת޷ǣʵͬҲйڣ
Ҳ޷øãȻǵڣǡ
Ůϻߵôæɣ꿴˿ˣ΢Ц˵ͬȥգүүҲ㡣
ҪңǴѵңңޱ顣
¡
껰˵һ룬ұﺰһģôô
촩ѣһЩңͷŶҵ˵
ô˵æԼ˺󼸲ʩŮˣүүȻȴǵСˡμȻˣŮͬУȥղμүү硣
ʲô磿ѵҴ˿ͬЩӣʵⶼ˭ģ
¹նöʣ깧ʩȺ򣬼λɡ
ң룬˿޷ǣʵҪ𣿡
޷ۿôϴһһʱûعΣ̾˿ˣͬȥɡ⣬ͬ뿪
ˣһҪôԸңҡͷɴһȥɡ
áû⼸֮Ĺϵ˴Ҳ˿ÿһ롱ƣλ
޷ǸĽŲ಻ɫڶβûãִ˹С޷ʵλ𣿡
ǰɡ޷ǳƬ̣
үүͽͣʵûж⡣
ʲô£޷ͷˮѻ˵
Ƽ˽ͷӶҲյңߣʦ㣬˺֣ôϵģ
ңüûüشһ˱ͣڿһǰǳǰͣżƥԣȻǼӵ
ȷ𣿡޷ǻͷһңʵ
ңһҡͷ
ſڣֹֻ˺ʾʦöֱϳǰͷƥŽ˳ڡ
ʣɵװɵңֻһϳ˿
һֱֱαװ޷ǵϵģ


8 . 鷳ţһ

ңգգۣǰ
ʱɽãŽϷ羰Ҳ뿴һϷɽˮ
δˮ磬ε׻˴գ´µ÷ֲϱ̾ͽ˼ס£һ˯ڶ󡣳ԺУ߳ᣬһŷ֣Ƕμ̨
һ׳ʵĺӣŰϥ䣬ﻹһ䵶վ̨ϣԶΧ۵˹ֱȭλףСĮѧδ֡ڣ˳µһĶǰסڽϣصǰֽ̡
ԭԼսԪҲ˼أȻˣǲòƽϢ̨Ҫճİۼ֤Ӯ
ŶԪ̨½кһƬңЩ׵˵ǺȤͳҲûȥֱ֣˿ʼ䣬濴ʮб㿴˶Ԫ㵶е˭֪ԳƴĮ޵֣üᶼûץסֻǿмܣֱ˱䡣
ңɸпҲ䰡
տո߳ʰ·硣˺󣬸ɴ买ʩķڷ
˲Ҫĸ꣬ӻĴսȥúĥǡԪЦǺǻ񣬶˵Ǹɵĳ̬
ôԵ⿿ĥûãûʦˡң˳ﻰ˵˳
˱ȴԪָ㣬ƫңվ̨ߣһ֮ԣʮ㣬ʣ˶㳯˹
ôĿ˵˭ڳĶʵ
Ȼλǰˣʲô𣿡ң˿֪ڣֱֱ
λԪߵ̨ߣ̨һߵǰɫȻ˼䣬㷽ſ˵Ϸĵ
ңͷһУб·ƹ·ʵָǰšԷǰһУصҲ·һȫ֣·ɹֻʵȻǰеסҲֻ·ȴǿյģǵɵ󷽣ʮ־Ϊƣ·һԷҵĻᣬסţˡ
󣿡ԪֻǸСֻǳѿ֮죬벩ƽȻѧ䲻飬ֻ趮ۣ¡еУˡ
Ҫ۶ã浶ǹಫʤңʣܹʤ̨λ뿿ʮ۵ھΪ˫һ㣬൱ҲǸƽ֡
СѾͷ֪һԹսĶμҷ˹վü˵
ʱڳĲǶõˣǾۼΧ۵Ŀͣ
СѾͷ֣µһȻȻ
ǣúý̽Ѿͷô˵ɣ
ң̹ȻЦǰһᣬڼΪҶȻԾԣҲδӮֻҾãˣóϣ̲Է⣬ֻ谭
Ԫ㱻˵óһ仰Ҳ˵
𥰴ͼͷĶӶʣһߵңǰС֪ڸ˭˵
õ񽭺֮УһĶԪǰңɫ̩Ȼްָ߸ϵֻ̬ƽ͡
Ȼ֪͸ףǰ˵ӦǫӸָժ
ʵʵ˵ʲôأңⷴʡ
üһҡҡͷȻˡʶ
ʲȴǹԹ߹ȥˡ
ʮ꣬ǸӣվңǰһСء
ʶӦǵ游̸ĵ£ڼҹ࣬ھͱһôҿǶμҵĵãЩˣĿˡ
˵⻰ʱĿתʼնңƺϣô˫۾ע֮£ӣϴ
ңȴ⣬ǵûˣ˵һ˶ŭյĻλСϢʣô˵óڵģ
ƣŭ
ⳡԣ޷Ƕңϸ˵ܲµ
Ԫ֮ʮ껹ⶦõΪ̰ͼϷλΨһӶʣӲص
μԪΨһĶӶκڶʳĵ御ƫƫʾͲϰӣôڼϰʼնû֮еģ
ΪˣԪճҹҲûֻܳ÷֮
ôˣ̲ס׷ʵ
ңһָ·ĶһۣӮ˱䣬صᡣڶһңһ˵Ƕõˣұûʲô£Ӵˡ
򣬵ͷǸܡǡ
޷ⷬ齥øӣȴʲôҲû˵
ͬμ˺Ϥ𣿡һԵҰ಻סʵλιɵģôһ㶼úŪ
ҵʱүЩ̸֮Ϥ޷ǵλҵʦУǾöЩôû
˵μ˽ѣ飬̸ֻ棿ң΢һˣͷǵˡ
ˡڡ޷˼⣬Ϊ˼仰֮¡ֻ
ʲôң̧ۣǡԣˮƵ⿴޷΢һ㶡
Ҳǡʲô¡޷Ǳܿעӣεش˴ӣһ˽£ǰӦĲףû⡭
˵꣬üæ͵ģ¿϶ǣǣԻ
˵⻰ʱɫʼ飬ֹңȣתƻ⣬ҲΪ˰Ҳš鷳ҶҲܰæǰҵơʧ䡭Ҳ𣿡
ϸ˼һϲƣδ˼ͷֻҩ£ҹҲѰҽʦôͿء
޷ԣһҡͷȻ뵽ʲôһģˣˣδؿ档
ʲôδأʲôңȼϣ
ŵҽʥֻ֣һ˵˽࣬˳ơҽţٹ죬֮޼Ҫҵ䣬˵ţ˶٣ֵдԵԪһأˣȴԵɺϣΣŵԻش
ңף˼
үӼ棬Щ漰˽δؿ˵޷ҡͷҶˣҲ̫ϣ
ǰܹҪԣң˵꣬ȴַѣü˵ҵôң
ֵʮ٣һݺ񣬸棬ͣ޷ǳ˵
ʲôҵɴۡ


9 . 鷳ţ
ĻǮ񣿡ң⻰ʱйԼˡ
аҲ˵ţȡ³˹Ȼңӵд򿪣ȴֻװͭ塣
ңңʹ˼ʹĿһ֪һֻԪԽҤյҪǮ
ãȻҡͷ
ңſڣֹ
޷ǿ˿ʦöˣ˵֮£ǲصģԻסֻǵܲҳ䣬δ֪˵ףǻǵ޹׼
ҺͰҵ£ң˵ţȻ⣬ҽġСѡ񣬾忪٣㶼ҡҶᾡ跨ϡ
á޷Ȼͷ΢Ц˵ҲСĽʵʧȥļҲ̽Ѱ֮¡£Ҳȫ
ǡ
˵һм㣬޷ֱӣͷʵμ˿֪ɽˣ
֪ңҡͷɣ£ʦŵҡУ
Ǿͺã޷һףƬ̣棬һʮ֪ɽǰᣬֻ»ǲҼǵ˵Ըɽ֪ľԡ
İɣңݸ
ʴһ·̣Ȼصյ죬ŵ³绹жա˹ճţһ·ֱǰļƼ˻æȥûŶԪ˳
Ԫ˼ˣĿңϷɿɨһȦĿ䣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ԶԶңһۣж˼ӡعۣŮȥۣģ󷽣˵Ǹ˶
һϺ֮ԣҲֻ޷һӦ磬ʦ֪˵ûԱտڲԡ
ѽ㣬Ԫ޷ǵļ磬ɫζײβػѰ㶼ˣѹûմϷ¡
޷ǻһЦֻ΢΢ȴ𡣱ʱԪѳң˹ȥ겻Ůɻã
ãǶãң˵⻰ڣӲһͷá
ǰ£ֻϷûֵµ˽ࡪϧϷʵڲϵãֻҪöλʧˡ
¡ң׼˻شδ¶˿
޷գԾ˿΢΢һҡͷ
˸£δٶɵöԪ㰲סȥƻ轫ѱ롣
һĸķ緶
ԪɥޣһҴСˣɶϱſǽݣҲ׼ȫȶԪŵλ󣬱޷ǣڶԪԣСߵҼү߶þˣʶԴֲ⣬岻үӿģͬ˵仰
ң޷΢΢üһֹۣ
ҿЩŵ£պñţҲʧ񡣹ˣֻһ㶣㽫ûüµңȥ˶ԪһߣܱأϻǼʧȣܲǰҼүף٣ǹ͡
öңԣͶ࣬ᣬ书Сɣɵ˺ú̡
η˹ˡңαĹάصһԶء
ʦǫʲôȻ
û뵽ǻѡ𥿿޷£洺磬ôȤĿǵҪ֪£ǰʶǸȥˡ
ôֳҵĴˣʲӲҪֲҡ
˵䣬˶һۣһ⵽ң겻ɴˣƯɲܡ
ţ𣿡ңδֻ֮⻰Ī
޷ȴɵһü
Сʦأɻϰߣֿһңʵ
ãϰˡңδֻ֮Ǽ
ңһ㶣ʲôǵˡ
԰¡һĶͷӣ治ʹ⼸գúסţԼҾУ⡣
ǿɱˣ޷ǲ廰˭Լﲻлֱ˵ҪҲǵñ˴ɡ
˵˵ֵ˼ҽεεСܺүһ𣿡
ûʲôһģңڽΧڼ˵ҲôϲһҪ˵ˣ˲Ҫ֡
⻰ùһһ޷Ǽ״̲⣬ǰĮǰսһ£ȴڴʢһݸңңЩرְ
رˣңûһտӵĶòˣţң᯴̡Ǻƽ𣿡
ֵǺò£Ϊεڶ֣֮ûһʵ
ǳض칬ף߲ʣôõۣԽ˾Խϲֻ𥻰࣬˳˻ȥȻ˵ˣŷΧͻȻðޱȣ̧ͷһֹı飬ʶԼ˵˻
ת÷ɿ죬ֻһ˲̷꣬ҳԱˣȥ˯𣿡
Ǽ۳Ͷ٣ҲˡԪ˴ҲĿӣȻˣһطЪŰɡкҪ˷Ը
죬ǿһ˿ЦݣתȾ
Цæк˼÷ƵĸԼʢһš
Щ޷̰˻һۻںңſڣȴǱ죬ʲôҲû˵
ԾңﻰⶼҪ书֮Ļʱʱѵ޷ǿ⣬ңһձģҲΪʣʮȻø첲ƶʣʵʣ㵶ôøָ㣿
ԪڿڣκʦõĲɻ㣿
㣿ңԻѣҪ𣿡
ǾûʲôˡԪĿ䡣
˼ǽŮ־ķ޷Ц书ͣ˿ܲٿضϽշ磬㲻µһ
Ԫ⻰üٿһ
Ҳڰ
ù߳áңСܼ׷ѾߵСԺе޷ǣ˵ŰңȥҸס¡
ȻطȥϢ޷СӦȥô¡
ĿңԶüĺսʱʶͬҹл˵
ңصͷһƿţұӭʦ㣬ҾǸ˲Ծ׽
ãҲ֪лң
ʦ㣬벻ף£˶飬ΪΣ
˵ģҪָѧң˼ֻҪҰƽѧ̸
ôУ˵ʲôҲǵˣĵ֪ҵأ书ɴˡο
οѲɽɵĵӣûȥһܴˣ
ȻͷҸɣȥ
ʦöˣϾ뵽ģ⣬ʵʮǧ
ͬʱȥѵ⣺ɵװɵĻʲô˼𣿡
ܻһֻ䣬˵˾Աߣ˵𣿺úõĹò书һĺãĹ㻹ȥ𣿡
ֻһ˵ûͷûβ⻰ʲô˼


10 . 鷳ţ
㻹ʲô˼޶ֻۣһһ˦
ʳָʹŶʵԴĳҵСڣүүʮˡٿ㣡Ī˵μҵѨѧ˼֣Ƥë㣡
Ҫսɣڽ֮ΨһģҸĹүүðǶμҵ书ȥ
⡭ԭ˼ʻȻ򣬡˵Ҳ̫ͻȻˡҪôĻǲǻͬϤͶ֪
㻹ͣ˵֣һ֣ҲȢ𥷭˸ۣүүˣӲʼꣿѽҲʱүүֵЩˡ
ǡ
ϣҿࡣ±㿪ʼĨᣬɷΨһĶӻǸϱҶʲôôúõľ͡
ͬ˼һϤǰôóȻ˼ҹףܵġ
ⲻмܹܲ˵ģָͷһ£ɵӣֻҪĻΪ֮ǰѾͷ¡
ʱɫ˵һͨҲþˣĸ׸ˣ׼طϢȻ߳Ժӣȴ˻ͷһſ޷վ
磿ô
Ƿ˵ĻҶˡ޷ǿżɽĻ
͵Һ˵ʾȲѡ
͵ʲڷϣһұ֪ô¡޷˫ֻۣߵǰֻû뵽Ӧˬ졣
Ҳˣ죬ԭȵȣòҲ˰ɣɱˡ
Ҳ㹻ˡ޷ǳɫǲʶ죿ǰһ棬ʶҲһ¡̶һ±Ҫȷ㵱棿
Ҿã˵Ļ޵ʴ𻰵Ҳʮ棬Ϊ̹ʣ书ָߣҲദ˹ӶҲġ
ˣ޷ҡͷȶ⣬ֺαˣ
磬ôɪɣҡͷ˵ֻҪܺúôǣʲôȥģ
ֻΪ޷ǵʾãȻΪϲΪ˶⣬ȴģֿɹƽ֮Ӧ㣬֮ˣִΣ
ʲôǰ㣬˲²ᣬֻҪ֪࣬úôʼһһҲˡʵ
ˣ˵ס޷ҡͷ߿Ըϻңžִٵģ˼ȥȥңʦöסƫԺȴպƼһӰӳΧǽ֮⣬׷ȥ
ǷǽӰң
һ·߱ڣֱַͣ¡
޷ǻͣ½ŲͣԶԶʰһһ೤Ķּ֦衣
ɽϳѩз׷ĻҶ֮ͬңԶ֦ΪУԾ裬ţȹշɣƮһһʽ䣬ȫɱ֮綯Ҷ䣬Ȼݡ
޷ǿôˣ𵱽񽭺еһ䴫ԣеǡ˼ӢѦ۽ء仰˵ıɽɡ
ɽŮӣܱһŵĹ֮Ⱦ
뵽˴һɣ˳ңפŤͷƼ㶵ô㣿
Ҳ޿֮̽⣬ᣬ޷æֻͣǼԶη˼ڣЩģŸ
ֲкβģңЦʡ
⡭Ҳǡ޷ǲִ٣ͷһӣЦЦ˼ŵνĸӵ˼֪
˵ҲòԾɣңη˵˼òǺףѲҽ̶ѧ䣿
ţ޷ġᡱס̧۳ȥʵ˵ʲô
ϯϣ仰ָ㡣˼ɲһ˹أ̶书𣿡ңɫ棬޷Ƕ˽ȥ
ҡҡͷ񣬳Ƭ̷ʣ㡭ô룿
ѵб˼ңʵ
ɽɳӴͬʦԺɽ˻ȥɻ飬Ҳн̸۷֮£ԵȻᶮЩŮơ
ȻУ޷ǵͼһ㣬㲻ֻ˵˵ڹգԻɡ
ʲôɣңͷʵ
⡭޷Ƕپͷᣬðżһ仰ʴΣ
˵ιӣңͷһŵͦʵľګЩºͣᡣ
Ҳ˵޷ǵĶʱǡ
Ҫ˵ΪΣ㲻Ӧ˽Ϊңң󣬡ҪȻͬ˵˵
޷ֻǱסһ㣬ϰ˵һ仰š͵ĺݣлιʻ㣬ƫ˵ʵĺû
ңΣԽ⣬ͷƬ̣߽
ҡ޷ʶ룬鿪ڣʲѵҪȢ㡣
ʲôңۣ棿
޷ǵͷס
ⶼĸİңĻ˽ȥҺϤô͵һˣ
Ϊ书ã޷鹣¶μҴӴ˾˺ɡ޷δҲȰˣֻǡ
Ȱ£ҿɲĪסңΪ⣬ȥɡ
⻰޷ǲ˿
ô˵Ǽͼı£Ҷܾң˼絽׺ʱʼλүӹٳҾ˰ɣ
ھߣ޷ʱ⣬һ˼⣬ٶҰաһЩ˽£þ˽ᡣ跨˵ǣ㲻ߣҲܰȥܼաӴ˿𣬲˵ʲôʲôҪš
áңȻͷǵǿɣδ˵ƣȨ֪飬ͺ𣿡
֣أ˵ʮ档ʷһҹϸķ˿ӳɫγ͸ѩһ
Ⱥ˶μңڸԷЪ¡ҵ˯ðȣңȴշת˺һ󣬵ҹ˯šһ磬һţһ֪ǶԪѰλصҽǰҪƲ
Ҳ֪ǲɺϣλպҽʦи񱣬Ʋʱ򣬲ԺšңŹ֣һгģҲġҹ޷ּǷԻֲֻǡ
͵ʲô֪ٽǰСǽʲôӦˣô˵ⶦҲǽ쵱ɣ˺ȢţҲ廨Ӳϻΰɣ
ҵңԼġ
ģһظ书ֻǲ㣬ֲǴӮˡ˵⻰ŷĴ󵨸ǰ׵ĺҽʦš
ңŷŽգҲǣȥԪлȴԺڵļ˵Ԫһ㻽޷ȥڣƺ̸Ҳû򿪷š
һģأˡ
ҵˡ
ң⻰ɻͷǹߵŮǰһ㶡ֻŮܾƵģ˵⻰ӿ첽˹
һ˵أһĻȥŮЦ˵ϻعߵôæúùճǣΪϻصʧ񣬺úò
ھȥ𣿡ңü
ȻˡŮӯӯЦģڸտһЩˡ
ңйǣȻתһ룬ǹ𥲻䣬ʵҲʮϡɣԼ书Ҳº£ȥˡǹ˻ɽĽأȥǰֻ֮Ϸ⣬ۡ;УĸӶ֮£ҲֻδᣬҲ˽ģԼ˼ǹȣҲ㲻ˡ
ʱĸӶȥһƶɡľƼҡ
ңҵΣһ·δ⵽ƶɣˮȵһûʵĳȣ¥ż£ľػζź֪ȥŷȻ֮ϡ
ôڴϣңɫ䣬ǡ
ƶɵż䣬⻭֮ϣߵԣֵ˹գ̫ǰһˣ
ô֪ңһ룬ȻֹҲȴ¶ǲɫ֣Ҳƿ󣬺úϵķ綼ܴ
ʢһඹԲƵңǰƶмˣԵľƼҶȲϣඹԲӣɴһ
ңףﱻʺ֭ŴӣƬ̣ҨһףУһУܵζֻѣͷԣճء
ǿѹŻĳ嶯ӣ漴ף뿴Ϸ羰ҴŶȥΧȡ״̶Զʹ˸ɫȥ鿴


11 . ˮ͵Ϯһ
Ԫãͬһ㣬δڣϱ״ɢеľϢľ֮߰Ч
Ȼ˵ˣǺá޷ɫ̹Ȼ󷽷ˡֱԣԿĽڣҵرϸˣȴַڣҪٰ˸ͻȥ֪ƲǸŮӣݵ΢䲻μҵ
֪ծϷʰо֣κСʵϲ̨棬ԪĿƽɫ䵭ŵ֮ˣȻʹӦ˰Ұ״£úо֣Ϸ²̨
ҴӦʲôˣֻӦˣҵˣ±ˣʣµ£᲻˰ɣ޷ЦοǹӣҲʮִ֣˷Ǽֻ£Ҳưոݡ
⺢ӣôҲûѧ㸸׵أԪĿ䣬ϾһɸֵģǴС㱻˳ȥδѧðҷ硣ڳǰ˵Ҳͱˡ
Ҫ˵ϣǱ㲻̸ˡ޷ǵ֮Լ±ʹաԻƽͻأͲˡ
Ȼԭڵĵط޷ǵ
ȥ˽꣬ţĵ̣ĿˣֵزԪ˵ţǰš޷Ǽ״һ롱ƣʾС
Ԫ㵭ƳһۣŭˣתΪƽɫã˵Ҫȥκúͬȥġ
κ޷Դ󾪣
ʶȻҲڣԪȻˣǿˣȻõ
ң޷ңδ֮״پҲ̱ͣȥҴҶһ䡰ȥǡӰʧԺ
ңɵӦĸκ޷ǰ˼⣬ȻʹԺˣô𰸶ֻ뿪ãֱ̫ȥ
գů̸̫ˮ沨⵴Ǽõķ⡣
ɶңԣڴһ̣һּ尾
ʵĸ⣬ʮֹеظ󣬼Զʼճüչ㼴ʵǾãŵĲɫζڣȻѲȳˣЩﰮԵ
鷳ûθڡңɫЩףʮӲرܿʵĿ⣬Զĺü˼֡
һ´ȴû⡣κζʻߣΪеضڡ
ҿչʱɫѲѡΪЩȴ뷴Լ˹ʵʵϲЩԾܾġ
ȥɡң̲סüڻ˵ôʲô
⡭ʲΣһ飬̴̻ӽݵ衣ңŲߣͷĿѣֻ޲һŰ߽ˮĬƬֻ̣óʵذȥô⴬ԽԽԶˣ
⻰һ㶡ңöԣȱľͷȥȴһɨһԵĴǲԼͬͣеĻƣֱس˹
ң˺󣬶ȴ֪ڽӹű̴ӶĲˮݸ
ܣң󺰡
˵⻰ûü̧ȣ㿴Ǹһ˫ϥɨ
ңܣδԵʣѰٻЩ»Ҳ򴬹뿪ԭλöƫ뷽͵ط𵴡
һʱûվȣĵһŷӦɫ䣺ô£
ңƳ͵ʱϻɽֵɽ񣬵üȻ´ǷӵֻܼͣвУܡ
֮䣬㣬ȻһţдͨͨеĻһԳ¥ϵңˡ
Щǿ彡ţЩѧʽöԸЩȻ˲ٿأ磬Щ书ĶʣҲǱƵ֧穣Ǳ
̴Ӽ״æŰԼҹӽΧ¼¸ЩģŹ𥡣ΨңһˣԮ
ͱ⴬εͷתٺõ书Ҳֻʹ£ӦΪκ书ã̴ֻܶ󣬺òߵǰȴδһȻͳذףŴ¶ıһȥ
ңۼֿ죬ǰһһšһ棬ֱߵɳȥײˣһͷ̫ˮУһ˸ߵˮ
ҡңһ룬ٴεͷŻδ֢֮Խ
һʱ֮䣬ǰ׷ĴƳ˷һ㣬ͷۻ֮У֪˺һƣײľپһʹӱ󴫱ȫ
һĻպñϵߵ޷Ƽ
ңݿսȫδ˾¶ʺ󣬱㱻˶Ͽڴһֻ̤ܲգͷ·ֱֱˮСʶˮԣԽԽˮ³
جج䣬ֻȻһ˫ָסһˮ档
ңˮһʱֿۣٴγˮУֻ§˲ӣȳǺĺˮĨ˰̧ۣĿס㡭ôˣ
޷ǲͣŤͷƳһۻϵΣ֮УʵӰѷֱ棬߲ϵӰ֪ţֻҡҡͷλذߡ
֪ʱˮ»ιӰңԼƳæˮ¡˵⻰ױ㱻סͬһʱ̣һˮԾ𣬵ͷͷ
޷ǲɷ˵̻סңˮС
ңȫ㣬ֻ֪Ӻδ׵֣ȴҲϢ㣬ſǺˮʶģࡣ

֮У޷Ǳſȴһڻǵĺˮѻҭ˻ȥĿʣѽŮ֮֮Ժһӵ뻳ͬʱܿصĴӲͬɿ޷ǻңڳֶһгһǽɨƿˮȺˣȻ֮ˣȴ˼֡
ңѱˮжʱϢ˥΢ѸȥԿͣ˿
ңƺ죬ȴƿ
޷ǲ̻ͷƳгｫ֮ˣңˮ档
Ժ֮УңֻƤ֮˹⣬ȴۡ޷Ǽ㣬һʱæңң˵ǧ˯ѣ
ңԼеĺƴʶ˺ôľǿ˫ֿۣһԵ޷ǣȴпˮӿʲôҲ˵
ٲ֮£Ҳȷ֪Ů֮䣬㼡ζʲô
޷оɫһͷʩ񣺡´Ȩˣð֮¡
ңſڣֻҡͷգȻʱȴˮٴθһźӰ

ԣ
Ůǰ滹ܱǺһ㣬ɵ椶Իʵڱ¶̡Ů̻ԽԽߣѭ򽥽ɳ͡


12 . ˮ͵Ϯ
ڣæֻ֮òִ޷һѣȴǳ˰벽
عѴʹգ۹һĨʺѪɫѸˮ档
޷ǽҧأһ߿ˮѪ⣬౻ңƼɫˣ
¡޷˵ţĿƳƮԶĻһ֧̻ʣ㼴˿ӵңͷٻشȥˡ
ǲ𣿡ңʵ
Щ˵Ŀ㣬ǶμĸӡֻҪ㲻ڴϣûΣա޷˵ţǿ˿ھʹӵɿĺͤȥĺˮƳ˵ӣһһ˿ڣÿһǰжʮּѡ
ңвȴﲻκΣֻܰСͤǰɫѿʼ΢΢ףȴоң˫ۣˮ̨ס
վȽŲ̻Сͤʯ£Լϥʯһ̨ڻзһͳƿʢĽҩ򿪲鿴ȷƿڸˬδˮʪ˿
˴̻֪ͨĶˣҲ˺ߡһͬģлŻŵҡңһ㣬ˮƫƫĴΪϵĴ򶷶ԶԶģֻڰվţԶԶ˻֡
ô죿ңһ潫˿ڸ˺һСڣҩһʵˣλȥ𣿡
Ǳ޷ԿομˣԴɻҲڰʰЩӦӦ
ˡңѪȾȣⶸǸ㡣
ôô˵޷ǲЦҰǴգܲܳ˲ӡ߽ʱ˽֣һС˶ѣϡ԰գָ£ɿס˿ڸѨ
ô뵽𣿡ңʵ
ЩҿɹܲˣѰɡ޷ҡͷзɿӹһ˿֮ɫִ߳Ų֪㱻˴ҼǵδŲģ
֪κҶѾˡңҡͷ̾Щ˼֪û϶òܿס
˼̫࣬Թ㡣οԿĺֹ㣬ҲҲǶһ𣿡޷΢Ц
ʲô
޷һʱ
˵ͱ˵ˡңĳɣҡͷ˵һǵһǣ󲻹ܱͬ˵ʲôˡ
Щɣ鲼£δǣǻбͼôҪһǰ¡޷˵ţ಻Ծ̾˿Ҳգ»زԿˡ
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Ө͸Сˮ飬ֱδɵˮʧ
ң̧ۣǡӡнк֮ɫһ˲·ʱ䡣
һˮ顣޷ǻ㱻عʶףæջ֣Ŀ⣬ɤӡ
ԮĲʰо֣ŷںͤĶˣӡ޷˵Ĳ˴ңĿɣչգ֣˵ϴɣڡ
ң̧ۣĿǡԣ𷽲ˮбΣһů⣬ס֣ССۣԡ
һսֻƣȻȻ㽫ͷ˿˼ϣĿ޷ǲһһۣüĶޱбľʲôҲû˵
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ңƽ˫Ŀƽԡ
ЩǹձˣǽԹԪ䣬Ȼָ
Ҳ֪ң
ôʦӺδԪǰ벽ʵ
ʦţ⡣ң˵⻰ʱжĸ¾Ӱӡ
Ԫ⻰ɫ̳޷ǿæңסԶԪҼСˮӦˡҲ̫ţȻ˲δˣ㲻׷ˡ
ãԪһĿ˿ϣͷѹΪˡҿ˿ڲǳǻȥúҽʦɡ
ˡ޷ǵδЩٸô鷳üҼҿס£ˡ
⻹˵ãԪĿñ磬һԵӵúûȥʧΨʣ԰գת߿
һۣδңˣܹ߶ɷ˵޷һ첲Լͷ
޷ܳʶһۣ֪ĸϵһǰδþִ٣ɿӹһĨ졣
˵ֻôæȥ
ҳңڳˣͬңڣδ΢Сľٶصú󣬶Ԫ̰ˣͻظԷУɺҽʦҲڸϣȥΪ޷ǲ鿴ơϼͬŮҲˮңȥ
ңԡº޷ǵˣ̸ȥ̽ߵ⣬δüţƼʴ߰ĿԣȻ


13 . ɰһ
Ծ飬ԾĿ⣬Ҳõͳ֮¡
Щǳģ¡ңȻ糣Σ
ã˿ڲ̫δǣѾҩˡ˵ţ룬ֲһ䣬ʵڶԲס֮УΪǰĹʧȴû뵽˾š
ңһҡͷȥ԰գ̴ƿ߽ڡת̾Ϣһ뿪
޷ѻһɾѣڴͷţ¶ű죬ͷ㼴ЦôˣˣЪһ𣿡
Ѿöˡңҡͷҹʱϵ˵ЩѾˣǲʲôһɶ𲻳
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ֻдϵˡӦʱ⣬Ԥıң˼ֻԷһʼΪҺͰҶ
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ϸﻹ̫ΣˡҲ֪ϲϻȥ
㲻˵᣿޷һ㶡
ҽҲɽϣʦӣӦ⡣ңҲͬҺͽ˵лʲôȥţ֪㡣
ң޷ǲչգҶˡ
һüʲôɻʵôһһˣδ㣿
һվɡҲ̽̽ҲߣЩ˻᲻ٴγ֡
һĴΣա޷Ŀ¶ɫǲҪжĺá
⼸һˣʼպúõ𣿡ңݸ£վǳԶ֮ơ
޷ǿ˿ֹ
ˣңЦɣ㻹ˣ㲻ˡչ鲻һûȥʰҡ԰գ䣬Ŷ
޷ǿңתȥıӰĵһ˿įȴ벻ףįӺζ
ȻңصڣЩ뷨˵꣬ȴ⵽ǿҷԡ
һɽôأҶȻ飬ͬһȥһ˳Σ֮Уζͬ⡣
ЩǳġңȰ˵ȥˣδػҡ
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ڶִ֮ʱű졣ǰţȴ޷һַǽ⡣
˿ڻûϱµ·²𣿡ң״һ㶣м¡
ղ˵ҪɽͻȻ뵽⼸ƺ©һ£޷ǵɽȥԶɽҲȻһĵӵɽ¡
Ҳôͬʲôϵ𣿡ң
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ˣңγѣҲ˵ܾڰԼϣҪô˵Ļǵ㣬ȥҷк
˵ţüҡҡͷԣͬʦвͬҪýȥҸͷС
򵥣д˵ҷҵ㶫ܲ˶ʡȻΪͬ
ңͷȥֽʣȻ޷һֱžʹվţ㼴ǰȥֽʡ
޷һֱ֧ţǽһվþˣЩӲ첲ȻӶʱܿƣǰбԵ
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ҪôͻȥҲ
а취ңֻܰͳȥʣµľͿôˡ
˵ţת޷ǣЦҪţطȥɡ
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ңС޷߳ţСԺԷɹС棬̾ɽϿɱˣϣҲɽ
ҼǵԼͬ㣿޷Ǻʵ
ңͷұСꡣӱºͣǰִѳʦţŹ棬ҪŹðУܳɽšҲʮ꣬ŵĶ֣֮ǱˣȫǿŽ飬Ҳƽɽ
Ҳ˵ǰǼ£ðҲҪ뿪ʦţ޷ǵ˵Ŷɼǳ
˵Ҳ֣ңҡͷЦҵִ̫ˣһֱϲңȴԽչмӡҺҲȷϲɽµ
Ϊʲô޷ζʵ÷Ȳɽ徲𣿡
ɽ徲ɾ̫徲ˣ˾Ȥңݸ˼ļɽȴֻж졣＾޳ǿήҶڵϣʮǰδгһգһҪصɽϣһҪЩɽµСȥ죬ʱʱһãһŲȤ
޷ԣȻ˵ͷ
˿ԵŮչĿԶʱרעģ˿̷⣬һɾá
꣬շ˪Щ˿ѰļԭҲΪ쳾ɡ


14 . ɰ
壬ƣΪ¥Ŀ֣ʮˡ
ң޷ǶվڴڣŴǰɹȸʡ
õ˵ңһ΢Цʵ뿪֮ǰִͬͬ˵ʲô
Ҷ˵ãĶϱȴûģҪ⣬ƭδôһ۶ӣЩ޷չЦô˵Ҳ룬Ժ󣬶ʶʳˡ
˵ġãңһ䣬ԭͱҴ𣿡
⵹֪޷ҡͷµ
î꣬ʮˡңϡʮ˲á
ʮˡ޷ǲҡͷЦѿ̫ˡ
Ŷңɻһۣô˵
µͬꡣ
ýҽˡңһЦҲ޷ûǽܣֻҪƭμ˾С
޷չգŤͷԶ⣬пɽܺ쳾·ģľԻ١
ʱ¶࣬ҶҲݻơ
޷ԺһЩǿܹµ߶ȻбƣҲ̫ãôֻƣһ˳˷ţ¥´ã˺裬ڴ͸
ͷ֡޷¿Žͷ˳˿һ鴤üʹȥǰĲյͷһڣûȵյ£һŲ
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ٲ֪ͼıҡŮһڣ۵ױɱӿĴָȹǣٿչ棬ֱ˱޷к
޷ǲطӵһءˣ֮ʱҡΣһģʲվȣȷӦһȽ棬ֿ̧סŮţ˳ȥ
㻹ٻƭңŮƵŴʲվȣƿڴһβ˵β˵ֻƭҵڽ꣬ȴʲôϢҲҡҵˣ֮䣬ǲʲôô
Ů԰գݲ̤棬Ծ޷Ǹǰɨ汭յžһء
һϣ֮ذһ̳޷󻬿һ󲽣ãͬʱֶȣ˿ٴηӿʹ˿ھʹ֧Щվȡֻ֧أ֮ΪȹǾΧŻסΡ
·ô򵥡޷ǵԸ㣬ѾȰ˵ϧҡͷ¶ϧ֮ɫ
ҵĴ𰸣Ůŭչȣ׳ֱ޷š
ʱһӰӶ¥Χ£һȽǰȣڿһ޷ԣң
ŮȻ뵽а֣Σһʱ㵡޷Ҳһ㶣ع󣬼̹ʩ񣺡л
ңѸٴһŮһϣߵǰλйڣ˴󶯸λ𣿡
ôŮģŮһ
Ρֹˣңɻʵ
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㵽òÿŮ˵ţֱҪӣȴҲš
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նôţŮҪǶμˣ͸ҹ
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ȻûͣĹĻͷߵңǰֱ׳֣ӻң
ңֻͷˮһ޷ǣֿ˿Žӵ˻ȥۼһѶȶŶȥʮƵػͷ޷ǵ⵽ǡ
δ˵꣬Ƴ޷˴ʺѪǰ˿ѿˡҿ⼸գǲҪ߶ĺá
ôûͬһ𣿡޷ʵ
ҹ࣬һֱĵ˯Ϣң˵ţ㼴¥ص¡
ղǸƺʲôޡ˵㡮ƭӡƭʲô𣿡
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Īǣַˣң
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ǺùŹֵ˰ǰһҲǵһ˰ɣңüͷñΪ˰ǵһ鷳
׺£ȻĪ֮ǰ˵ġ˽¡
޷һףҡͷܾôûô򵥣ֻǡ
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˺Щ𣿡Ԫһű¶е飬úڸϴţ𵽴ܡǵ̬ãּЩ
ģȳˡ޷ڴ£ⶼʲôʱˣôпյ
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޷лǲƵĹһĨЦ̻壬Եģ
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ǰɫԽڡ
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һʱȻŤͷȥȴңⲻԶ˫ֻۣǽ棬ɲ죺ôˣ㻹û˯
˯ˣȴжңһ˵ţһߵ޷Ǹǰͣ£ǲò뵽ȥɣ
Ǿá
ǲǾöιģΣգҲܷβܣңʵȻҲ߹ң˵Ҳɣɱ֮¡ҿүӣʵڲǸɵˡȵģȥ
ȥ޷㶵ǵ鷳
ˣҰһˣ͵飬ҲΪңݸҿȣϼˣڲˡǲҪǿԼĺáѲɣҪһֱǷǮһȵ飬Ҳ𣿡
޷һʱ֪η
ԭΪֱֱǴ֣Сڵӣȴϸ壬¶ϡ뵽ǰڶμ׻Ӳ˵һ
޷ǳĬãҡҡͷο˵Ҳ֪һʱιڳкδǶõĵ̣ү䣬Ǹ졣
ҿǹǳסġң˼Ƭ̣ɣͰϢֱӵøţĶΣ
л޷йǣңתҪߣƬ̣æסң


15 . ͣһ
ңͷ
۵ʱ㿴£Ҫ׳֣ҪСװ磬ݣĪ¶Լݣˡ
áңͷӦʣ㼴ת߿޷ǾıӰüĽ͸ɫ

ҹɫž죬һѲӵ½ˣټͥԺ޷ҲˣʱһƬš
ңԺǽݲͥһ꿿ǽĹ֦ͷ£ŶĶ
ľȴҶԾСںҹ£ï֦ҶõڵסΡ
֪˶ãǰǼԭŵƵȻƹ⣬š֨ѽһ죬ȱ˴Ԫ˫ָһߵͥԺУǰҹֵͥԺ˵ɣزˡ
ң⻰ü΢΢һĶԪѷԼȴһӰӼɽ˳ס˺
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ᣬݣԪ˿ʶЩ
ԼҹˣкĿģβʡ
ƶԪĳҶμҵĶŮ游һ棬ҲǷ֣
˵ʲôңβһͣôǰΪȴң㲻ϣ
д£ԪȻϷʱ˵ֺ
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׶˵ѵдβĶ𣬡ڽôá
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βƾﲻѣǰһ̧ɤʵ˵Ļģ
ȻġѪŨˮ游ƭ㣿Ԫҵլ֮ۡУϷ治Ը㣬ֻ㽫뿪ǣֺαͬ˵Щ
ԭˡβժͷĻ飬ݺˤڵϣʹĹһ˹ģ˭֪ȴֿɹƭİ࣡ˣһҪͬ˵ţתҪߣȴԪһס
ҵɵѾͷѻ㲻֦ڡôб֮ǻʲôͷɲء
游²֪ƭҵİɣβƷŭѣŴθϣȴʧ˱Ȼʲô˼δжУϣϢˣһֶǣٵҼգ죬ٻ
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ԪȴŲӰ֮µĴǣȻһĨ⡣
ңһϷҡͷβƾԼҪƭһֱȵԪ뿪صᣬ˼޷ǵķš
£˯ò죬㼴ǰš
ңͷһۿյĿᣬ첽żֺϷţɫ˵鷳ˡ
޷ǲȻң˵󣬲סô˵
ҿǸβƣ˶þͻܵʱ˭Ӯ˭䣬˭˭˵ǡң˼벻ĿʲôȴֱԪԸģ²ǶβƣôԸ㡣
ʵ벻֮ʲôޡ޷ǰ˼⡣
ңҡҡͷֻﱻЩԹǷǽ͵һ㣬Խᵽն
޷ǳƬ̣Ϊλң
ţңͷʾ⡣
µϸڣȫƾһ˵㱾Ǿ֮ˣȫԹۡΪ֮䣬ѡң
ģϡң̹Ȼֱ˫ĿƶȱֲֻͷԡҪǷǶֱ治Ļõڣ
л޷һΪ񣬻˿ȴԾܿĿ⡣
Ļ̹˾ִ٣ɲ֪ģȴңĿ⣬·˿ʲôͼһ㡣
βƽ֣ǵ书㵹ǹвңҿԪôаգĪǻк֣
£߾ȫ跨ٳɡ޷ҡҡͷճǣǷ֮أ˾
ھߣң˵꣬üƳһȣ߶𣿡
޷ǳƬ̣ȴ˿Χʹֹȫپصԭλ
ң״ɫ˹һ첲Լͷ̧ȴ谵ſڣ֪ʱһӰ
ݶ俴òƾΣҲЩİȻȴʱͻȻףһȻ磬ſڵǸӰͻȻʧӰ١
һ˲ľʵ˶ˣðŷӦ
㿴ˣ޷ңһۡ
ңͷ
Ǽ˰ɡ
СΪϡң˵ţ̷߳ͷȿտգˣ˿㻽𴲣ɫδҹ뿪˿ᡣ
߷ɵİף˸˺Զ·ڽ˴Ъš
޷ڻԣַżľȣü
˺öѪ˵ţӻͳƿƿ޹ޣңǰʦ㣬ЩҩӦҴɽϴģϵûõϵģ
ңƹļֻСƿޣһֻɹ޺һֻ«ƿݸ޷ǵƿڷֹѪֹʹ
л޷ǽӹƿޣԣ°«ƿڵ衣
⼸ʣµƿӣͷװʲôʵ
ǽⶾҩۣԸ߶Чƿװǻĵµҩ֮˽֣֮ˣʮʱ֮ڻסºٷֻɫ«ĺ裬ܱסң
ô⣿㶵
ҵɽʱùȷЧң
ҿɵúú˵ţ㼴ʰЩƿƿ޹ջػУһʰһ˵ɫǳ˳ţȵգǻ᲻ỹбֶΣ
ɡ޷΢΢ü˼Ƭ̣кһͷ漴̧ңʵβƽ֣мɰʤ
ʮɡң򣬡ô


16 . ͣ
峿¥ĻƲŸոմţƼһװŮӴ󲽿ż˽
λ͹٣СӭǰǴ⣬סꣿ
סʲôƵꣿطס˵𣿡βƢãִ£˾㲻İɣûҽ𣿡
⡭Сư뱲ûƢ˳ˣһʱҭòҳȻôõ֣˭ǲסء
ͺáβһͷ챻Ҵ仨ˮǸˣסļ䷿Ҫ
ǹ
ʲôðôšβһۣϽ·
֪ǲֻ̾˿ȥͷȻڣ㶡βư಻ס̧ȱŸ˿ȴֵпһˡ
أβŭ˶˶֪ô£
⡭СпԣǿᣬֲǼΣܹܵ˿˵ȥ
Ļûü˵꣬ϱʵʵһƣŵˣͰ͵͡͹١
Ƿβֱţһʴ죬ʱ˷ˣǻͬǸܵŮأ
Сһ
СŲӲҶԶԶָָͬ¥һ䷿
βƽ߿Ȼǿһˡ
ҵţҳˣβŭĿԲɣƵʱɱ⣬ת¥ݣգ۱ܳ˿ᡣ
βת¥ܳᣬ֪ĸ׷ȴȻеͷһۣһŷ϶һɫӡӣߵһСʯӣͷݲݿһۣͷĻӡ״Ǻϡ
˭ûţһתҿһֻϸ޳ִҲ˻ȥ׷˹ȥȻûǺΣ󾱱㱻һƣһεڵء
ôƭңǰͷѲʡµĶβƣԾҡͷпҵĵϣô߽
ҳ׼õİ峵ľ˲ң˿̴Ŵʹ˵ѣĨ˼ǽңͷϻŴֲͷ峵ִ߽˿δעĿ
УжαװһԵϪˮϴ˰ŴӣβԺҪ˫ۣһνοҹŵɽȥ
޷ҶˣеȺ
𣿡һʦǰæ˶βƵкð죬Ű˸Ūѡ
βƻۣһƼ޷ǵŭգֻһȻһ𣬱㱻ңסѨҲá
ˣͷôƴβƿڴ
ôɲҲնεͷģҴչԴϸһ̲סü
βƵԲۣݺݿһԵ޷ǣ·Ҫ̻һ㡣
ιлԺú˵ңڣλֻһ棬ľ˶϶Ƕˣ
ô֪Ҽүүβƴ󾪣ðǸң
޷ʵڲԼͷңҪڣ£ҡҡͷιҲǲѣַʽⲽأܲ侲Һú̸̸
̸ʲôΪҪ޳ܰ˵ôࣿβԾֹҺүүϣͲǸö
ôι϶Ҵﲻϣܵõʲôô޷̹Ȼֱӣƽʵ
ô֪ΪʲôһһӻˮǸ࣡βƵүүѾˣһֱżңżңΪ㣬ĴӣźڲŻ
ιнţҪң̲סҡͷֹ㣬ͻֱӰαػػصֶΣֺã
㻹ңƾʲôңˣǼˣβѨƣֻܴһ裬Իǰȫ˽ȥڲ͹𣿰Ұһв游޳ܣǼֱǡ
ô˵ͨأ죬ôˣնԪᣬ蹫㣬ȫ׽Ȼͬ˵ǰôˣܰǮأ
ˣȻ˵βƵ۵
ʲôҵˣԼȻβʱõɣȻ߬ȭͷʲô˰ǡ
Ҳ˵ιֻŶ˵Ļң˼
үүҵȻѲȺ
㲻ƭ𣿡
游ΪҪƭңβƵ
׵أ޷̲סڣҲĸŮһ𣿡
ΪҵˣҪǻţһǵģ
㵱棿޷üͷٿһڣͳꡣмʮǻڸɫͬŮԣЩһĸŮ
Σ׿ڸңĶμֻһֻаһŮˣŻֻӣβƵ
޷⻰һʱסϰſڣ⻰˭ģ
ҵġβƽͷû˵˰ɣ
޷ֱ뷢Цãҡҡͷǲ˽ˡ
ԶβƶԣСѧĸһ˵Уĸ϶磬Ǹһһﶼֻжκ۵ŮˣŮģȻǶμ˵ĺû
ҲǶβΪһԪ㣬˵ĻŲɵԵʡ
ҿ㻹ԼŰɡ޷ֻ̣ǽ棬˵ȣһһɽߡ
ң״һɣ̧ȸȥȴڶԶĳ¡
޷ǣң£ʵͬ
ôܡ޷ҡͷһЦֻû뵽ᵽ޻Цĵز
϶ԪǼˣˣȻʲôĴң
޷գһ˼ȻŤͷ濴һ΢Ц˵˵ʵЩ⡣
ңΪΣ
ݣɽ㱻͵ϮһֱΪԽЩթʶһϲͨ⼸ھһУжϣ׼ȷҲʤҡ޷ǵǰִʱҲò㣬ܳ¡
𣿡ңЦһǴ
˶٣ּ˵˵ˣβ֮£д㣿
취кֻܶ࣬ûκһȫˡҿƭͬ˵ȷҹĿΪ˱ڶõĵλֻ˵˶η˵ʲôô
֮ӣܽת޵μͷϣԼﶷɶԪԭĿģΪƲμҵĹϵִȻס
˵ιǻˡңҡͷ̾벻Щνɣ涯˽ɱ˲Ѫ
׷ףΪҵ̫ŶԪ㣬Żᵼˡ޷һ˵ţһԵʯվֱӣȻˣҲû˵ϧ
һ룬ȴضסתңü˵ȻԪϷΪβܣ
ͬʱɽ֮ڣβ־ͬըҩԾǷһꤻ˵ͣͬ˺伸ӣԽܲĦȭƣٰιȥ
ʱ޷ǵĻ˹ȻƻϣôΪβǰһţԲ˳˽Ů˵ĻȻз
޷ǷŶʯڣһߵ˸ǰ˵ףǰݣ㹫֮ڣ˵ˡز϶Ҫ𣿡
Ҳġβưͷ
㲻棬ʲôҲ޷Ц򲻹𣿡
˵˵ʲô
޷һԲŲȻ˳һѨλΡ
ãҵµֱʹ죬ˣɳˡԤôأ
ѻĵáңֵ


17 . ͣ
ȶβʱŷԼڳǽһ֮ڡŷԼѱ廨һȦȦʵ
ܣڿһˣ죬Ȼ͸뿪ĴȣȴԼӰϸƣ޷ңˡ
βƶ˶ӣϥǺȻѵʲôͷһȴһЩɢߣ̧ͷݶȻЩ©ϵЩƬǴƶϷġһСӣ˺ôľżһԴЩƬʼϵ
ͬʱĶԻҲ˽
£ҾͰﲻʲôæˡң
β񼣬Ū̫ĶǼӿٶȣϸСڣŪɣŲŲӣԼſֽ˼֡
ˣһˣܹ˵ù𣿡ҵ
Ҳûбķӣ޷ǵƺЩ뿪գԻˡ
ɾ˻ûãֳ۶ӡ˿ɲʡ͵ĵưҸп
ǰңʦΥҲٵˡңĿǲ๣ת޷ǵ³˼֮£ֻൣˡ
޷޷ǻȣһºͣλʦʰ
أŲнԶβʹսȴֱһɣպøӡϲѣȴ޷۷ص
˫ȵӻûȫ⿪ֻᣬװԱŵģݺݶס
޷ǶԴϰΪֻƽߵһɲǰ£Ųǡ
ʱѵģ˵ţĿȻƳһԴѪƬססûʲôװġ
ǲɱڣβƾʵأ
һͻ
β룺ƭˣ
ȻԼ͵ĻֱΪ޷Լ䵥ԺӦŹ˵
ðҲ£βΪŵҸ㣬ʲôĿģҶóѣ
㵹˵˵ҵĿʲô޷ƽʵ
롭βת÷ɿ죬Ҳ£϶үүżֻߡڶμҵķϣҺүүף
ʲôֵҰȥ޷Ī㣬ãļֵֵܵ϶õİҵ𣿡
Ѫ㶮ʲôβƼǶμѪƾһ㣬үү᲻ϧһңοµһ֮У˭˲֪˭˲ϣȻҪĶ
Ŷ޷ȻʧЦԭҲţһϣʮĬ
ҿŮβƾⷬ˿佱ǶõˣȻЩõó֣ŲҪء
޷ĬĬ꣬ҡͷ˵ҲغҲض໨˼ֻǹϲţ͵ö໨Щ˼úϰ䣬Ȼͷ㴫Ҳδصס
òģβƵ
ֻǲףȻţΪβ£޷ǵ£ŹԼȻЩ
ֻ˵ϾҪŻʦӹµûֳô࣡βƶƫ޷˵ʲôеĳɼ
޷մԣֻŮ̾Ϊֹǲٶԣ粵Ѳм
ɶβȴģҿɸ㣬ҪôңһûкýھɱңүүԲ˶ߡ
ǾͶ߰ɡ޷ǵȻĿһԵĲݶϥ붨ֻҪ󣬱ûʲôߵġǶι㣬ֻ¸٣ס
ǲأβƴӵۡ
޷ǲԣ·ûĻ
˵ѽư𣿡βٶ
޷Ļ̲סüΣ΢΢ۣ۴һĴ磬˵ҿ󣬻ǲҪװˡ
ƨ£βҾϲˣʲô²㣿
ֻҪһڣ¶ڡ޷ƽ˵˵Щôкأ԰գٴĿ붨áҲٿڡ
βÿڸڱ졣һת͵ͷᣬСͷȥϵӡ
ƫʱۿ˹βȴȻڵͷŽϵӣڽ⿪̧ȴ޷ߵԼǰûüӦѨ㱻סһʱ֮䣬á
Ҫʲôβŭ
޷ǲԣָֻסǿа򢣬ʹ죬һɫҩУǿ¡
ҳʲôβּ
Ը⵱ʲôʲô޷˵ţ⿪Ѩۻԭλ¡
βһʱҪߣȴͱ߳š
˶ǲǸ˶β޷Ƕݺ޳֮ˣҪʲộҲкùӳԣ
̵ˣҡ޷С
ôͲˣβҧгݣңѨ˰Ұȥɽڵã˶ѽҩ
֮ʱ㻹ò޷ԭأ˿
ҿǲףβһŷЯǰΪȲˣʱҶչ𶯵̧ʱŷǰӲ֪ʱѵ޷ǵ
㡭òҪȻ͵ҶβֱҪȥᣬȴ޷׾ٱÿһʱɲסţЩˤſ
˵ιǸͶء޷ҡͷп²ȫȴӲһԲ˵书΢޷Աֱܴ׳ǣԼ̫ظл𣿡
ҵţβܻתΪʵػصԭλ¡
޷ǲȻһȣֽ֮ԡ
βҧŴǣʼնǰȣŲ۾Σȴৡһ˶Ծͷȥ
޷ǲɫӻͳһֻֽӵСβƽӹһͷɿһ޷ǣԼĶӣһͷȥһʵôԣ

ҿǲңβƵִֻһ˳ԣ˭֪û¶
޷⻰Ƴһۣȴش
㲻ҳԣҡҲˣβ˵ţװͷֽƽһԡ
޷Ƿ·ûĻԾɾ붨ϢβƼСžһһͣȴôҲڲ˺ð죬ʵڶȥźһͷҧһڡ
ֲ¶ˣ޷Ƴĵ
ѾԹҩˣԼڣҲûʲôˡβƴڳͷ
޷öᡣ
βڶͷʱ͵͵޷ۣСֹģͦģΪʲô¡
Ѿܾˡ޷޿̣ճ𣬱һֱҡڼɵŮ𣿾Ͳ֪Լڵ£
㻹𣿡βһȻ˵ģһأ
ǲв޷ԽǰŮ˷˼
ҿǲˣôˣβ飬Ҳ˵£
ĥãźòױһ仰ҪˣҲһᲹġ
ǾͲˣҿܲ𡣡޷ǰۼ췭ȥֻҪӽٳǰұллء
Ϊ뿴𣿲ǸŮ˰ץ𣿡βһŵ
ץ㣬㲻鷳ˣ޷Ƿʡ
ҡβһʱֻ˻ȥ
ѻͷҲԲˣһߡ޷ҲԸ˵ʲôֱҹĻ٣ӹգڵĹҲԽԽ
޷ǴȼۣǰΨһ̨
ѲɻҪҹ𣿡βվҺ㣿
أ޷ǻһ۳ţĿ䣬Ҫˡ


18 . ˷һ
˵ʲô˭Ҫβƻ䣬õŲ׶
޷ǲɫʰڵϵȡݶϷ죬Ƭ׷׹䣬ʮ˷ֱϷŷӵǰӵ£Χס
Ϊ˼ǰԶβһֵû°ɣ
ôңѵβƾﲻѣүү
ûģ˵ţɫض˼ɭת޷ǵĲҲǻﻹ𣿡
ʲôβδӦ
޷Ǵ΢ЦԡƵ˫ͫ׹ˮ·ϵдһĻ
֪ı֮ģıѾãд󻼡ͷ˵
ǡ
޷ǲᣬһչҶİ˾ȹ۵һơ
ͷ֮˼״ͫȻһǰȡȡ޷ж΢ͣƺһգ۹ȱѵ˶ԷҶֱĿڣͬʱת嵶Եͻ˿ڡ
޷һʱʹǰԵϥؿڵ档
¶ԳƵЦ˫סδȫеǱȣͷ˵Ǵһֺ̡գһ˫𣿡
ͷһԲγĿڵȣڵϣְεָβƺġ
ʲôβƴ󾪡
ι㵽ڻ𣿡޷ЦֹǺôһ壬һ֣µʵ
ߴߴģ˵ʲôβɫ䣬Ļ˵
ͷ˵ɲܹңŵ˼
ʲô㡯ΪҪɱңβɫɷס
ŴһʼûҪ㣬㲻ģȻδֵ˾֪ܸи˽ᡣɱ˾罣⣬Ƕãܵøͷ˵
˵˵㶯𣿡βɫҰס
˵ЦˣǰӣĶ𣿡ͷ
βһ㶣ԭذΣƷ˼ʱʧѪɫǡǡ
ˣ޷Ƿ˿ڣһ֧ʯ̨վֱӣЦ˵νѪŨˮֵĽڰˡ
㡭֪ô£β۵׷죬޳
ѹ㣬㲻š޷˵ţвƵӹһ˿ͬһʱ̣ݶϷٴδ죬ʯ֮׷׹ء
˼״˿Ψ޷һɫݣվ
ңһѺŶʣݲ˴Լ䡣
ŮҶԹ֣ͷŭ
ͳ죬Ů˰ղѾ𣿡һ˲ʵ
ֻܹǸ̫Զûңüһת޷ǵλι˵кãö˾￴Լ˵Ǹʲôɫǽ̫ƽ
ͷƿڴ
ʢң𾪲ѣչĿɨһܣͷʵ⵽ڸʲô
˵ӡʢüҡͷⲻùܵ¡
ҲùǸ˭ܣүүôҪ𣿡ʴʡ
ӡ
㵽˵˵
ǡ˵µĹ⡣ⲻҪɱǡ
أָ޷ǣкιϵ
һģҪ볹ն֪֮ˣȻҪøɸɾ޷ޱ
ãô˵ɱɱֻţ㲻֪ҵ£ҲǶμҵѪ𣿡
ʢĿ⣬֣ҡҡͷӣôΪá벻Ҫִ¡
ҲҪ𣿡ʵ
²ҡʢ
ҪүүҪ£˭ҲңʴҪɱˣǾʹҿʼһڶ£Ҳң
οΪˡ
Ҳҵѣɱ޹Ϊ˵壡ȻңȻ𾴡
޷ⷬ˿Ȼδˣһʱ֧֮ͷĿѣһǰԵ
޷ǣң첽ǰȣһźɫĵ
βƼ˾򣺡ģǰιĵҩ
ǾģңһûܼʱϻأҲˣҩɱ㲻
β䣬Ȼ⻰ģģʼնһʧǵģ
ʢһõָǣʴһ
ʢȴδüĶһ˹ӡ˵ȣһ
ҿ˭ңʴŭ
ιӵĻûʲôң˵ţ˲޷ǵ֣תסʲɣ˽Ҳ۲ˣöιʣƽ뿪Σ
ʴ󾪣㡭
ʱβȻ˷磬޴룬ס˺˵ԻôҲؼҡô˵˵ţ֪
ʢһʹ˸ɫ˭֪˲ſһ㱻ңֶ嵶ֱӼ϶ʲ
ǵֳſϻȥͨ𣿡ңɫ̩Ȼ溦ǹӶȥִν
ʢգҧ
֪ͷ˫ãʼˡ޷̫أֻܱ農ȴֹãһ󼱴ٵĽŲҡ
ȥһˡ
үүҲˣһ㶣ҲҪ
ͲȥˣιӣңһĸˣһλˣôҪǿ֧Ųס
޷һԲκ˲һȣһȳһ߳š
ԪڲԶһ֮£˫΢ǣ·̼˼ꡣ
޷һ飬˶˹ȥǰվڣ
˵ˣ㵽ҪΣ
ֻҪƽϢҵȸԷֵٲ׷ӽһг䶨
Ԫգ볤õĳĬֱ޷Ǵת뿪סȥɽ
ǡ
⻰޷üٿһ»Ȼʣʲô
áԪ΢΢ף֮£˲Ϣ䡣עҪѳ䶨֮£ԶҪʡ
˵ţ˶٣ּȻҪϢˣһ⡪ҲϳϲƣΪʲôο£ʶ롣
ȻǾãƲ޷ƽصʵˡ
ǾͶԪٿȻŭĭӶ˳ԶԶģøɸɾӴҲϷǰ
Ҳʹ޷ǵòٸ˵ǹʹֱ˵˵⻰ȥȥ˵
ԪΣԶ׼һͣ˫ָ󣬴µӰ˳Ƴһۣͷܺá
԰գ߽
ԶԶģ޷Ƿ·ߴ˿ûãƼβ˳ػͷһת
޷ɫĮδᡣֻﳤȥֹһõҲ˳ȥ
һ̣֧ŲסѪ˿ڣԵҪصһ̣ȴһӰȻֹסҸ£Ȳס
޷ǲסȻ̧ۣӡ˲ϢϷ֦Ҷһϸ죬©ϡ¹⣬պϡΪƽͷһѣرæ䲻֪ʱĺ飬кΣĵһݣǡ
ôˣоһƬհףʲôҲ˵

ԣ
ʵͷһ֣βӦСʱӰӾȽϳŮ̲ͣߣȡ֣ȻԺ󣬾ͻῪʼϲĺӻϲԩұһԡ
ﲻǣûиߡ


19 . ˷򣨶
ôңɻʵĶ𣿡
ûУҡ޷ʶʧæܿĿ⣬վֱӣƫƫģȵһʯͷһ
ֹͷϷ紵ɢ֦Ҷٴκ£ͶµӰڸĳ˾ִٵɫعףֻżϡϡĳ
߰ɡң˵
޷Ƕһ˲ɣ̸
˱ΪգȴĪõԵʣһ鷳ֱڲһ䡣
޷ʱ׾δˣʵھסʦö뿪պ󣬾ͽѰ˸СţЩʱգȵתż·
յ򽭣ңյĻšվͷչһȴɵü
ҵķκһ֮һ룬һ֧ʣѰ̻ɽκι
żĩβһֵĻĶ
뿪϶ϲɻͷ
˵ͻأ·ͷòһ㡣ң⣬ȴҲֻʾؿ֪ˣ̡
޼֮ˣΪףֻܴͬҸ޷ȥ˰࣬Ȼ˳ǰ
ŵƮĸζ˵ǿԱΪһ̱ȥң޷ǶԭλȺ
㲻ͬȥ𣿡޷ʵ
ܾﲻȣң˼ƺл˵ȴƫƫʾ
˵⻰ĿʶܣٿȻƳԶĽֿڣϤӰӳ
ͬʦãиͷ߶ýģ̣һԲŮ˫˫
㿴ǱңⶸһѸ޷һѣĿָŴܲܰסǣ
˭޷һʱûܷӦ˭һԵңɿתŵȥ
ۼ⣬ԶԶƼߺһңվס̳
޷仹ȴվȥ·
Ǻˣüÿ
֮ʣߵ˫˫Ҳ׷˶˽ǰһ̧ۣö޷ǵĿ⣬һʱ֮䣬ý㡭˭
˫˫ϰ䲻ֲСһ˼ڼңϡͷһɽȻ˽ľ֮£һĿӣǸѵһĿˣ̱ˡ
·ҧأʺڸǰҪҽöԣҵˡ
޷һҡͷŲ˿δ
㡭ŭʺɨ޷Ǽ״ãֿסһƣ˿ǿվ
Ȼ̧ۣ𾪲ѣ㵽˭ΪҪҵ·
֮У֮¡޷һͷԱʧ񣬡Ǹ
ȻĪĵǸͦ˳ȥ
ͬʱңԣһס֡
ôʦ㣿һ㶣ҲҪ
Ǹҵʦ㣬̣ʦˡңУŻȻ򣬳ü˵䲻֪Եɣӿ⣬ʦ˫˫һġϾ˴ǰ£һ棬ǧҪ©˵ס
ͬţǻẦ㲻ɣ
Ȼᣬ˭֪鴫ȥʲôģң˵ţԾ̾˿ֻǵġ
ʦģһ¡һס֣ƤһЦǲͬڣҲࡣһʱӦѡ
ңһף˳ֽӹʦĸұߣֻƼĿƳؽƣԶԶ˴һվס
ʦ㡣ңСҡ
һʦˣҵͷá
ңɿҵǰȥͷһ޷ؿ˴Ѫæ˿ѿˡ
޷Ǽͷ㶵ôֻˣ
Ϊһ𣿡ң΢΢һ㶣һʱ֪øмǽͣ⻹ǸˣȻԵɣΪϺ
һҡͷתʵʦΪλᵽ
Ȼʦнɫ˵
˵ͨţҲ֪ˣңҡͷһЦѹ֡
ⲻʦ𣿡˫˫չԴһɻ󣬡ôҲ⣬ʦ͡
˵⻰Ŀ޷ϣüͷ˵˭
ضʣңضͷǵʲô
ʦǰɽ˵˫˫һֱңҲûսֻܴͣһ𡣡
ɽɵӣҪһȥҲǰڡңȻҡͷʦĺ죬ʦת棬ңϲ̤ɽɽš
԰գתߣȴڴʱϣһѿš
ңһתֱ㽫˳ȥ
ҪʦҪɽһˣ˵ʲô£˫˫ţ϶ͷ˻£Ҫأ
ŶǻɽǲǵôĻңʡ
㡭Ʋˣ˫˫Ǻ
ңҲԣԱ߿̼Σ̺ǻȥΣѵʦ𻹻Ầ㣿
ʦ⣬ſ֪
һʱԡ
ңҡͷһЦ´Ǹţһ䡣һԵ޷ǣʦü֮䣬ƺ֮Ųһ٣ͷˡ
˾ǿ̲סڣ£ֵزһѣ㵽ֳʲôġ
˴Ҳܲסʣʧʣ˵𣿡

ԣ
ûдƾʳãûôԵСŮûҲûȻˣ滹ᱣʦء


20 . ˷
ôʦҲˣ˫˫䣬㻹ˣ²̨ѳʦţӮ˵ˣֵΪ
׻ͬţֹ˵˿̱һԹõ޷ǺȻڣʵ˫˫ס
һˣкɽ£ͷϣ˲죬Ͻͣסʦãʵ
˲٣ʲô޷ǵȻص浱ͬ۴ֺƣڲ壿
ң˫˫㵽״ô֣촦£Ųһţ㡭
Σһ㣬ңݸһЦ⻪תһĻĻȴǵ֮¡Ź棬庮ֵ˰УƣŻѪǾһƾο޺޼¡
ѩһã׶ʦŵ֡
ңֻ߬ٿɿȻҡͷһЦˣΪֹɡ
̲ٶԣ̰̽
ֹΧȺ׷ɢұȴңһֲһԣٻͷʱǰӰԾһǷߣ֣̽մ˸ת˲أԲҡֹ
ֹôϲ֣ǵ÷ָһ˽᣿ңüŭˡ
˫˫һѱס̣ݺ˸ͷ
޷Ƴɢ˳ü΢һǰң֣һҡͷңһʱ㵣ȴһֱңȥֻΪʦһԸ𣿡
Ȼ˵
ôҡʹɷŵ޷ʡ
̶⻰ʲô˼
ܼ򵥣޷ƽʵңȥ𣬻ͷǵʦֿӦԵĺУ
̻شֽŷʣûκγͷǿȥܵί˭е
⻰ɫһʶŤͷԵ˫˫һۣ֪λش
ôãҲ˵ѵʦǻȥί𣿡ఴ಻סŭ⣬ʶˣֲǣ׵ضζǿܵã
̵ͷԡ޷Ǽ״˵ңڴˣǰھʱ֣ӦͷǱȳϣѳʦ֣ȡ̼֣֡Ӵ˱㣬ʦţ̧ͷ
Ų᲻»ȥ֮οҲڣ¡
£͸˵塣ʱǨ֤ף޷ǵһ㣬ҹദҲΪˣοǸ߸ϵţ
˵㵣İ²ܵ𷣣ŻͱˡȫԼ˭ȫ
ᣬ˵̺޻ءһԵң⻰һʱлͶмĿ⡣
㲻ҪΪʦ˵ɻˣܻ˫˫ƲƲ죬Ե̣˵ʦ㲻ҪǺǲŲ֡
˵ˣɫأңң˵Щ㶼ͬ𣿡
Ծڴˣض˵ңɫ糣
ȻҲ㿴ң޻˵̾˿ֻʦ⣬ֻġҲգӴɽˮԶذա
˵⻰ԽתߣͷҲء˫˫˰ȿ׷û˰˼
߰ɡңйǱ޷Ƿһ˵仳мȴҲ㲻жôܡĬã첽ڣԶԶһ˫ʦõıӰȻͣ½Ų
ʦ㣬ʲôǰʵ
˵ңҡͷʦͻȻˣԵɡδǹ˺£ܲܳһͷǡ
ʲô
˵ڵģǵƣɽɡ
˷ۣͷϵ̡˫˫һҴ֮Ȼ߳Զ
ǰͷ̣Ȼͣͷһס˫˫ˣ
ղǲǶûʹǸһֱԱ߲廰˾˭
˫˫δ񣬱ʵһ㶡
һȫ֮ˣҵͬţʲôöңңֻʲôĿġ
ǡ˫˫˼ȻֻʵǸô죿ۻȥҲ䣬˵Ҳ˵ô죿
Ȳ潻棬ֻܰиϡһ˼˾һ㣬ǻȥǣ˵ʲô
ҿ˰ɡ˫˫н٣ҪҲңĶ֣ܰʲôѽ
ô𣿡󲻽⣬ʲȰ˵ʱҲͣǴǲǸͬǻȥ
ûС˫˫صͷֻǾãʦţ徻ˡڷҡʱ򣬾ʹѹһͷںòˣҡ书ߵģֻͬˣʲô𣿷ǵȥѹһͷ𣿡
˫˫մŭȵҾ֪㱧˽ģֻ㼼ˣҪб¸ͨͨҪ˶ô룬ɽˣ԰գһ˦أ뿪
ʦ㡭ʦҲǸ˼˫˫Ż̤С鲽æ׷ȥ


21 . ˼һ
ɫҹͷ繭
ҰˮϣյңһѲ𣬸ڻԣӹ£һлȥĻҶҲĵ˻̾˿
ʦ㣬ұ׾Ե˼β𣬶÷ֻð¶һԵ޷ǣתң˵ʦǾôȥͬһ˵Ҳ⣬᲻˷飿һҲ
ǾͿ˫˫ô˵˵ˡңΪȻ죬úܡ
λʦãɼ޷ǴȤʵСʱ򰤹᣿
ǵˣң书ã˳֡
ѵǼǺ㲻ָ
ʦֹ̹һΣδЧң˵ţ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˫ۣվһȭ԰Ҹղôû뵽
û뵽ʲôãȻһԵ޷Ҳһ㶡
ʦӦʦ˫˫˼ҲҵĶֻ֣ңңתһ룬ǡ
ʦӦ˽Ʒԡ޷˼֪ĲϻȥλҲûޡ
ôأȺͷ˵¡Ҫˡ˵ţɣһ·ȥϣ;ܵҿ齣ܻ¶μġ
ңԣü
ûǴʲҲδǱδػᱻϡ޷˵ţһ˼ҵ뵽һȥݱܷͷ
Ķʦö˼ͬʱʵ
ݡ޷ǵҸµլƽֻмۣûˡ
Ǳлˡң
л޷ЦҲôջȥһˣЩ
ҹ̣ܿ·ֱݶȥͷӡѰȻȥ¥գȵʲźû޷ǵݣºͷֻ˸ա
ҵլȻû˼ҾסȴԾмĹд޷Ϊ˼ˣʱҲӽ̽ǮҲδˡ
޷ǿеλϹܼס˼ʮͷ˹ӭǰӲǰЩӻ˵ҪԶŰôôͻˣ
Ҵλˣ޷ָˣܼҸǰͷס¡
סһͺˣô鷳ң
鷳鷳ܼЦӭȻǹӵѣ˵
ȥɣ޷ǶңЦЦȥҼһ͹԰գ㼴ƹˣȥԺ
Ĳǰͣ£ţȴһ㶡Ƽ俨ϣȴδ۽ƺ˴򿪹
޷΢΢ü漴ͷԲԶɨͥԺСʵҲʱ˽ȥ𣿡
ûаǸаСҡͷܼҽ˵Ըģκ˶ҪǾǴɨҲֻǲϵĻңӲȥ
֪ˡ޷һͷ漴ϵ߽ڣеλá
쵽ڷλãָȻһͣ漴ͷϸ鿴ڷһŵĿشٽüͷСֹѵҼǴˣ
ܣһţһ㷭ڽҵһհױᣬзȴмҳ֪īȾڣʲôҲ
ֲԾ߬ȭ֣ذǱհױϡ
޷Լᵽйɹζȴ룬Աƹ߳ţɨԺߣ㼴ǰסȵȣ
ӿзԸعͷ
ҲڵЩӿǡǿͬѰ죿޷ʵ
⡭ûУҪȥʱˣͷ˵
ãȥæɡ޷ֻת߿
᷿һͷܼ˴ɨǰѯʣ֪ңͬҶ˻ǰȺ漴ܼҵ
壬һʰҰ¡ټѯʣ⼸տ˭󸽽ʲô쳣춯ûУɸЩֺЩȥ˹մλʲôѰĶ򡣡
ȥ죬ܼҼɫ죬ʵʲôˣӡ
͵͵ȥ˲󡣡޷ǵ˵Ҳʲô£Ҳ̫šһؽ̴żЩˣȰȥһӡҵģѾǲ
ãǹҲСġܼ֣صͷ
޷һףֽЩ£ȥǰһƿţ㿴ʦöˣһϣҴг裬һٰƵſڰϣָðԵһȦһȦػš
ôͻˣңһصģʵʲô𣿡
ܲ˰ˣҲɫ쳣㼴ʵ
ûʲôֻͻȻ֣Ҳȫˡ޷ǵҵһ¼ּǣڲ֮ǰֻǲݲݿԼǵãйɽַ̾ǿʯļ¼ղűҳøǿȴмҳѱͿڡ
ҳ˭ɵ𣿡ңʵ㻹ǲǵдЩʲô
Ҽ˶ּǰڷŵλҲǰͬ˭ֽţ㲻ö֪ˣ޷ɫݣֻǵиխ۵ͼڣмйļأıǲˡ
᲻ǺҪѶϢվ
ΪҪõġ޷ǵҶѴȥ˽꣬ǱּǻֻΪǱμǣ׵ĶܲƶģұţǷԭλĺã˭֪¡
ǲӦøϽߣ˵˵Ҳȫ𣿡
ȷˣֻ۳Ͷ٣ʵڲ޷΢̾һ
ûʲô鷳Ŷԡңǰôʱأ
쵽ˣù˵ɡ޷˵ţתȴңס
޷ǣңߵǰͣ£ֱ˫ĿʵһֱЩ㡣


22 . ˼
ѻ˵꣬⴫ܼҵӣλѾãȥ÷ɡ
ģ֪£Ҷ㡣޷˵꣬Ƽܼ˽
ܼͬùʱ롣Ҳʹ˹Ƿң״˵ȴԺ⴫ߺӣˣԺˮˣ
޷󾪣æѭ˹ȥֻϿջ֣ðỤ̃æԺСȡˮȻܼҲæµ
ôң׷ǰŹỤ̃üͷʵ㷽Ųȥڣôù۾
޷˼طӦһƵǣڲ˻ҩ
Ȼ˵⻰תһ룬ȴԥˣɼǰ˻ҩȼģ
ҪôڹҪȻǻˡҲ²
ֻǻأܼ⻰ڸϵĶЩڴ˵ļͣǵĺˣδйˡʲôıҲ͸öˡοղʱ˶ڱԺѶʣӦûбˡ
粻ƫƫʱŻʲôءң˼ֻǲ֪˾ߵк֮ġ
ܼң޷ǶٸͰ֮ǰ˵ģǶȥɣҲãǲɢҲգˡ
ǹӣΪͻȻҪԸأܼҲ
Ϊ޷һɣΣһ鸸׵򡣡
ǹǰᵽá
ǰʹңǲȥ޷ǻһ룬ȴֹҡҡͷˣ˵ɡ
㡣ң˵ţӵϼһֻС˶ľ裬ȥԺӽˮҨˮȴ޷¡
ɡ޷Ǵľ裬
Ժæµ˴գڽٿɫǻƻʱ֡˴ʱһ˵ϽԹһңģòǱ
޷Ǽ˶Ѿˣ㲻ɫߵǰزкңմ̿ңȴһ
ڴ˲ûأⳡһգҲʣʲôˡңߵԶ£˵ܼ˵Ļһ˳ţʵΪ˵㸸׵﷢ʲô𣿡
޷ǿ˿ֻͷһһڶڵϢСˣ̾˿Ҹ磬˳ơ罣ʮ꣬ͻȻʧ٣һֻһĿȫǵʬס
˶٣ֵû֪ģ彣Ҳʧ١
Ȼ彣ڣҲĿȫǣζ϶ʬףңʵ
ͬʦ鿴Ǿʬϵ˰̣ϵļ룬Ӧɡ޷΢Ȼ˵
ǸӣϦԣʧ֮ǰҲЩԤײŶԡңʵѵ֮ǰ㶼ûֹ쳣𣿡
ҴС㱻ȥãʦԺҲʮְûڣһֱǹŴ£⼸˾ֿʼ顣
ǡأңʡ
ҴӼ𣬱δĸף޷ǵҵ˵ԭǼһλŮֻϧӲãҺȥˡ
֮Уʱҥ˵Ǽҹǰ׼˵˽ӡܼ߽ˣ̸ⷬɲӣлɲŰ
ҵȻ֪޷һͷ
׼ӣ˭ң
󣬰ӢŮ޷ǵҸлԼ
ʲôԼңĿ¶ɻ
ɽΪ飬ȻҲָŮΪ޷Ǽ͵֪Щţõңڸ֮ʱᶨ»ԼͬΪкͬΪŮŲд¡
ⶼûҪĸ˹ңҡͷΪ⣬벻ס
޷ǵŮҸ׶׮£һֱֵƣСҵһͬ󣬸񣬿ɰ֮ǰĻԼ谭˵ɰŮԳԼҵŵ޳
ȻЩҥ֮ˣδ̫ˣң̹̹֮ȴ²⣬ҥ֮ˣͷðӡ
Ҳô룬޷˵˴΢΢𣬵ˣЩ£ˡ
Ҳöʣˡңվ룬ѵزǽҲٶ߶ţ硭
Ҫ𣿡޷һæʵ
㻹ôҪҺͰңȷ鷳ˡң˵ţת
һЩҪ㿴޷æֻ֣ǶҴȥ˽꣬żҪߣҿ̡ͬ
˵
Ҫκʧ䣬ֻѰףлᡣ޷ǵ
Ҫˣô죿ңʵ
ѻ٣»ҩ֮˵Ŀ꣬Ȼǣ޷Ƿɿɨһͥˣ£ҲйܼҰţ㲻صġ
⡭ңҪ˵ЩʲôȴҴһŸ첲һʵʦ㣬ҪߣҲȰϴɾæһ죬Ǻҵġడ
ð졣޷΢΢һЦ漴תܼңһ
ͷԸȥܼӦ߿˼λŮ
ȵ˶뿪޷ֿһ۵ϵķ棬շĨһѣ̯һȴǺһƬմ˺صĻҳսľм
ҡͷһЦŸеһ˿⣬㻽С˱ˮڷϴɾ
ȴʱű죬⴫ܼҵӿ˯ˣ
޷Ǽǰţֻܼѻɾվ⣬㼴ʵû˵Ҫˣ
λ˵ˣϢһߣܼҺǺЦѾ˯ˡ
Ǿͺá޷ǵ˵ͷתߵ¡
ҴǰΪӻݵĹǽܼһݣһ˵ôҲû뵽һλ
̫ˣ޷ǵֻʦ㣬ͬҲܡ⻰ʲô˼
ܲڶϹͷҲŤŤ󣬲ɣֺܼǺǵһ˵ҪߣǽŵģʮǰҪؽ꣬ͬʱҿû 
޷ԣһʱסƬ̣Ȼ˫ۣ˵˵⻰ʱЩ㱣Ȼδȫع
¶ã򣺡ôһ˵Һе㡭ǡ
޷Ȼ־ִ٣һסܼҵֱ֣˫Ŀʵô塭ҡҸôŲԵͻ
Ŷܼһ㶣Ц˳ҵ˼Ҳʮףһǵã˽ū֮ǰ͹һ֧Ρǹ֪ϲʲôͶãлᣬ˵Ļ
޷⻰ü
ҹɫףԺﰲҲ
ңھ֣벻͸ԽţԽǾ񣬱㷭´ߵԺȻûֿ߳Ժ︺СѲӣδ⾪ǣϸ룬ԷԺǽҵط徲
뿪լۡһƬյأҵһͤЪϢ֮ʱȴȻϴƿյ졣
ң쾢磬һԾܣͬʱָסնİȴһöʯ顣
üһͷһֻƼһӰһ˳
˵Ĵ˵쳣أϹһڲͷβһֱ£ҲɫĲֵǣӺڲ͹ƽ·ܿڲ»ѡ
Ȼ׼͵Ϯװ˲ʣ
ʲôˣңüһ
˲𻰣ԱУңƸ֮һԼĪغϣȴһ죬Ťͷȥȴ˲ֶһˡһ£Ŷˣ뵱ɽҵŮӣһģһȴһ
ң´󾪣Ȼǰȴһƾ֡
Ϊսپ˵ĳһơ˾Ҳ֮󣬱һֻߵֽ𰣬ббɶײһǷʯأʡ¡
˴˿̣ҲǱһʼ̬ȫ޶
㵽˭ңƽ֮ˣʵ
ǡڴʱһ紵˹ͷĶñƿ¶ݡңĿȻһͣһʱ˫˫
ңһ˿ԤУæܵһ˸ǰһ˺ǿסͷĺڲ
Ȼ̣
ʦ㣡ңæ̽˱Ϣȷк֮󣬽ºһЩڵء
˭ʹЩʲôŲãҹɫȴֻķ
ﻹˣ

һ磬޷ǻδۣ㱻һеѡţûǰ˭ͷƵʻʦ𣿡
˵ң޷Ǵ󾪣ôˣ

ԣ
vлĵС顣 ģ;ס


23 . 
һû, ֲһ󣬱ĥ, ûʲô, һĹ, ȥĶء
żͬȥ޷˵, ϵڲۣǰȥѰ, ˸һŲ, ˵ң, ǲϽ, ֻ, ʰװ
޷ǲ⣬ֻͬȥǰ, ֻƼңʯ֮, ɫԴִ٣仰ͣұҪߡ
ʦ㣿Ҽѣǿקסվ, ⵽ôˣ
, Ժ޷Ҳ׷
Բס, ңʩ, ɫ, ʦ
ʲôˣ
һʱ˵ס¾ٽֵĿס, Ҫͬȥ𣿡ң
޷һ, ɻȴδʣǸŶȥпᣬһ·ң˵ҹ֮£Խü
졢ֶ˾ڽһ磬Ⱥָ˾ȴƫƫһǵʲô·Ƶġ
һͬᣬ˫˫ȥ̷Уڴأһңۣһöңôְ˴ˣ
ȻҪߣܸð˵סң
ˣֻ𣿡ɻֹҵһֻ˲ٹôǲɵģ׷ô
˫˫һƲʲô಻ɣ㵽˵ʲô
عЩңδᣬתң̬չˣѷܿƣֽʦ˫˫ǣҲȥҲϲסˡ
͸ˣҲ´治ʦͷС
ѲǹЩʱǰ£̫ȫˡңѣͰͻȥҲֵز
Ŷ˫˫·ʲôõ£ָңԭڴһȥʦ𣬿ô㣡
ˣ˫˫̴ֹԹ۵޷ȥȴ޴Ӳ廰һʱзֻ߿
ôǲܵģôˡ˫˫ŲŤͷһƳ˭
ң⻰Ŀת⣬һɣ̧˳ȥ
˫˫̽ͷȴһק˻ȥһ׷֮£ͷҲȥֻýɽżңԼ֮󼸴ƻĴԼɽ׷ɱ֮£Ϥгȴһ£޸
ʲô˫˫Ϊ𾪣ѲǵˣҲù鹦ʦ㣬֮ǰ¶ҡ̲סǣҡ
Ͳ𣿡˫˫Բˣǡ
˶ˣŭһ˫˫Ҳң˵£Щ˽ġ£Ȼȥ˵
֮ʣңߵ޷󣬼˫ֻۣԶ쾮֮߸ߴһ㣬Ҳ߶ţֻǿͬһþõĳĬǳĬ
Ǵʱ̣ã޷ǺȻڣ
Ϊ֮ǰԼΥԲ𣿡ңȻֱӻش𣬷ʵ
޷һ㶣ػͷʲôԼ
˵ԵɣУɽûܲϢ
ûС޷ʶȻһڣ־ͻջػ磬ҡҡͷҲ˵ֻĴ˷ЭպֵԴп
ֻǲϲңȺңԾչգ㵣ң
Ȼ޷ٿȻ࣬ǵļ£޴๣ֻǣӦҵġˡ
̾Ϣҡͷضϻͷ˵֮ܶúչԼлԵ跨ȫԼ޹֮Ǿ
áңݸ˵ĻҶסˡֻҪȥҲõʦˡв˳ǲҲչ˺ԼٿΪ˴㣿
޷죬ȴֹһЦֵҲգ˵ֻôˡ˶ӣҼҲпշ硭
Ҳٴˣңˣ˲źãֳʲôӣҲⲻȥ
ǡ޷سãվҡҡͷǧںƻãֻʣһʺ򣬡Ҳաȥأɽ·ԶҪӱء
ңݸһЦ̹Ȼӣ֣һͷ
޷ԵĻ߶ʱһͷĻãԲ֪γڡ뿪ᣬȻ£ӻзһϺõ֬ϡ
ʵؾӨ͸طǰЩм޶һֱ֪ε̣ţһ˺õĵӣںδЩ
ǿϣԼ˼뿪ᣬмӣҵһҵ񹤾ϸʦ
ʦѧͽӴȻǿϣǵͫȴȻ˹⣬˹ϸãͷǿϺõӣϸ󣬹ҪǴЩʲô
޷ǳƬ̿ڣһ̫أֻҪ㹻
Ͽһ˫ָӾΣʦֺǺЦ
޷ǴʣҺʱȡ
ӼȻҪС϶Ϳչʱȡɡ
޷ûлصУȥ˿ᡣ˿ǻƻ裬ƴңڵĿͷλãȴ˵ѳȥˣ˼ǰ󣬱ֻûؼңȻߵſڣȴң
ôˣ޷ԼδϲزסЦ⣬첽ߵǰ
ȥˣңһȣ˿ڲ𣿡
Ѿöˡ޷ǵʱģȥ
ûáңһҡͷ̧һ˲ǡӣл¶ɻ󣬡㡭Ը⿴𣿡
ʲô޷Цʡ
ûʲôңҡҡͷֻǺȻϻȥμҵĺð졣˷ɽһһȥ֪Ҫòܻתԣдݣպû㡣
ϻص¶ˡҵԵʣǣôٹҪǮ޷ҡͷЦˣԼ£ϡ
ôУһһ룬ңûңǷ飬ܹ鲻á
޷ֻҡͷδȴȴֿڣȼŴ£ȻȥҽȡǮ㣬ѲҲһˡ
ǡ
ô˵ˣнл㲻աңûƴǵĻᣬش𣬱תԶ
޷ԭأһʱԣϦůŮӰԶ£һߣʧҲδֱ˻ӣ
бͽ⣬ⰵһƬɫƵҹþõعţŨīزʵһʣһƬĺɫ߸ϹΣͷ
ǽնЩֱۣʱ룬ң¥һƵЩʳȴȻһΥң𣿡
ʦ𣿡ңȻͷȻӿ˽Զվ
㻹ңǲ̾һ̺˫
ңһͷȥ̷У˫˫Ҷ˶ڣŲһʱعͷ
˫˫һʦ㱾ӡҲȲѣʦô
˵˫ɽ֪Ҫ¡ҡͷ˵ֻǽ֣ûĴ
ʦ𡪡˫˫һƲ죬ȴҶ
ѴӦȥˣʦ𲻱֡ңԸ໰ֻ򵥽շ֮¸֪
ǰɫԽأĬƬ̵̣жɻ㣿
߶ʲô¡
Ǿ̣һ̶Ҫ顣
ô𣿡Ҳ첻ѣЩҹҲǳҵģ۵ʦǡ
Ҳ֪׷Ҫĥĥ䣬ǲȥʦ𣿡ɫһɫľϣֱǲҪˡ
ҡ
¡Ƴ̬Ͼ̷齣վͶ
䲻˵űߡ
ңҡͷ󲽸ȻǰȻʶլķһۡ
ʷ˾֣ɫ΢ڿʲô
λѣһ·ҺͰ֮࣬ǰǷӦ𡣡ңƽ
֮ˣЩϸ𣿡вãߡ
Ҳգңһף䲻ӹһĨȻӽ󣬵Ҳټˡ
쾮綯ƮһƬҶˡңԾڲһһҶݻ׹ǽӰת˲㼣޺ۡ
׻û߳ǰŲ΢ͣ˻˵лƴΪת棬ŷȥʼոԣС˼ˣȷԼʧ֮»û¶ڣŷ뿪
ԼĪʱ޷ǲŴҴᡣΪõ̺õʯһȥλʦһԣһֱȵɣŴæ
ǡʱ̨ǰŵǸȥ˺û档Ҳ֪ң뿪֮£ǾȥңǰţȴްӦ
üȥ˷ǰãȻżӣǿյġ
޷һæסѯʣ˼˶֪ǺΣ¥ȥҿŴ̨ǰֵصĻѯʡ
ǻһ󣬹һңæλ͹٣ҲǸŮģǼλ￪ڣʦʱżæŵģ˵˺ЩûයˡӦͦżġ
޷գ΢΢üŰָ֣΢΢ΣЦҡҡͷ
ЦԼԥ飬վǴ
ƻůڿǰϦ£ӽֱҹɫû޷ջĿ⣬תƣĽŲһһ߳š

ɽ߽񷣬ɽ׳ǧͬ׷Ʈѩչ»óʣǹ
صɽϣ䲢δ켸ȥ庮£̻˷ҡңҲҪšңδЩǾȥһ䷿ǰߵš


24 . 
û, 㻹ȥʦðɡңֱ߿һ㣬ֱǰ, š
ڽŲҴ, ſһ˲, ¶Ů㵵ף񽻻ɲ, 㱻һѱס
, ôᡭһ, תֱ£æɿ, ´, ôͻȻͻˣɽʲô鷳, ǡ
ҵ£Щ, ң, ʦʦѰңΪˡһֱӣٳ⣬Բš
һ, Ǻã
Ź, ͬ, ӦǷս, ң, , Ҳ, ЩҶܵá
ôУס֣ԭʦֻλͬźͽ⣬ȴδ뵽ɽѰ㡣ڰҵ£ԣҲķȷûκ
ɽԶ볾ϸ𣬸Ѹ̣ңü˼Ҵǰû¹ɽԵ޹ʣȥɽ
ϧˣȻ
ңüͷ˼ţȴŽݣࣺңȥ
Ҳȥæ
俴˿öˣ̾˿漴ת߳ȥң״һԵҲ̸ϣһҲ䡣
ˣңС˵㣬ϻǮ𣿡
УҪʲô⡣
ǰɽ£ΪԵԵʣõ޷Ǯðһֲдݡ㣬һʱҲ߲ԣҸæǮϡ
ⶼ˵ֻǵġ
ң֣ݸ΢Цҡͷת߿Ĳ£˼⻹׷˳ȥ
Ź䣬һ·ȥ庮һĿΣŲŻۡ
ңһ˲ĿƬ̣ʲŹʩ
¡庮µ
ң˿
¡庮ٶȿڣþòڷϵָٿȻվ
״ɫ䣺Ϣŭ
ңȴ޶ݡ
ѷɽӣ޹ɡֱ庮£ɫһƽ
Ǻá庮תߵľϣȡһߣСȴϸȡ
һʦ㣬ǡ
ţң˷δˣҲ߱ʦɱ˲ŸȰɫ䣬
ʦͬţЩǻƣ庮ңɽѧĴǣһ书Ҳøˡ
ң⻰طһЦȥ
Цʲô庮ʵ
뿪ʦţȫŹУҲδɽɵҡײƭң̹̹ȴſԣѵЦ𣿡
庮ɫû˿仯Ƴһ۹䡣
ɫأ̾˿˿δԷ
ţǲ֪һȥңƱؽϹۣ˵Ҳʹ书ֻⱲӶ벻ӦΪˡߵףǻ˼Īô˴̡
ңһۣü΢קƽұ˵ҲǰŵۣȻˡ
ң˵ˡ
ֻ֪ΪΡ
ңֱ庮£ĸ±ǰͬȥʦ𡢳㣬οңңԼȫʾ¡ѵžãɽЩԣֻɺ϶ѣ
ŭ񣡡
ڴڶŵ֮ڣһͼֽҸǰŭҾ֪ڱسı꣬Ͳ߻ôЩ£Ҽǰ㷢ߣſ֪δ㣿
ǡȥַ̾ͼֽϸһЩֽţʵΪҪȥɽأ
Ϊʲô֪ΪʲôŭЩ⣬·һҲ飬óȻɽ㡭һģ
ӿģҡͷ⻰˼ȥɽѵΪʦ㣿Īǡ
һ飬׹ѵʦ̡ʹŮǵаħϹϵ
й޹أòֽ֣Щͼֽͨͨ裬ֱۿǻΪҽ˿
ȴʱһ֥ĵӻˣʦҿɽȣҪʦ
˵ʲôҡͬʱ
ôŲңһжʦͷϣ˵űȥȴһк󾱣˹ȥ
֥һʱסȴѿڣúÿȥô¡԰գ̶Ŷ
ͬʱ֮ڣ庮ִȣһʯף¹ȴ񣬲֪ʲô
һ͵һңһĵǰػƫƲ벽ֻó庮µ
׵ǰصң˵ҪƴСãҪ̹ҵһУڸ˽ءҳĸ˴֮ȻһҪǾҴܹ£ֻǷֵҲá
ңѻ˵꣬ƿӣߵ庮¸ǰ̹Ȼֱӣη޾壬ҪҪֻһ˱ǡԣԴӺζձǴֽţҲϲ򡣡
ԣΪδңձǰѹɽ£ңҲϲ򡣡
ϣ
庮µͥŭһŭ֮£γѣȻˣг֮ɫʵ·˾ģǰһһͺ𣺡֣
ʦߺҲҪ𣿡
ң΢϶ٿȻЦˡ
˵ʲô庮ŭʢ
ûʲôңɫһЦԼɽ֮ȴûҵ֮
庮²ȻŭӶȱҪȻһȲŵ·Ȼֹסٽð֡
Ȼ̧ףǰȴѶһˣѶȻ깦һδȵңѼʱܣԾδܱⱻǾɨͷһ˺ЩվȽŲ
庮üһ㲻úùܽͽ
ֻһȥպ׷Ī
˵ţȻֶȡͬһʱ̣ɱǰһѱסңȻһ̧ȴĿ⣺ʦģҲֲǷ𣿡
ҡͫ׼һ·𱻺ʹһ㣬ɿܿĿ⡣
ҿҲ˵ˣ⺢ӵǻ˰һףҲֲ̣ܽȻҲܲˣҲסͱԳ˼ʦ𡣡
ߵգδӦ˵պصúý̵ңˡšת庮£Ҫۿɥſϰ𣿡
лңһü˼ţĿѿ˹ĿѲ⣬ãһ̾ϢѾͷҲ֪ôӲĹͷͬ»һģһ
ʦã
벻ͨȥ˼ʱѧûͷʱȣһȻأΪ֮
庮ĿȥĬãһͷ
ңɻȻʱȴҲתһʱԥ֪οڣȴŽŲͷһֻƼʦΧ£Ѻȥء
أңһ֣ˣԼߡ
Сңȱ׷ֱһ˱ǰסң֣۲ˮʲô˽⣬һأʦţֺο
ңתĿӣ⻰ֻһҡͷǷЦ⣬ȴǷƽ
УԾɷȥżλʦŵĻֻԽ庮֮޳£ƫ벻ס
ͬŴߴ٣ҲòߡȻǰӰûڷѩ֮Сⲻ֪ѩ֮һ˫ۣʡ
׷˼ͣ£Ĩȥ۽ۣ뵽£תֱȥԺû߶ԶˡĴ֥Ļ
ʦ㣬ͣЩòá˽ɽѾ˴һȥţһô죿
ҲҵţʲôҸµףɲΪ֮£ʦ鷳Ѳϵҵ跨Ȼ
ʦ㡣ʦǶҲ֪飬Ϊ֮ǵĵͱ𡭡㣬ôҲˣʦ
ʦ˼ϴ
ϴΣǰƫݵźͣˣߴҵ
ϴԶ
ʦ˵ģһȻǡ
ݹܣл㡣˶вĲƽ˵̣ɾ˵ʧЩˣ
ʧ䣿֥Դ󾪣ôһ㶼
Сңϣ̹ӦԡһɫԽƶ㣬ֳʵСң˵ǷǮƣһ£
ôǷأҴ㵲ѣΪѰҽҵƣš
Ҳ˵λԽõȷˣһҧʵΪΣһ·ǣ
Ȼ
ˡɫȻ԰ռ߿벽ͣ
֥ң⻰˼Сֹʲôˡʲô
˲ֱ࣬صУʰϸװһǮĽ˼⣺ð񣬱ȻǱʲСǮƣǧֲ̹黹鶨Ȼǳ
ң㴦ͬ½ûָȰ庮֣ȥˣһϣ
¶˾ģ̱װ˳⣬ۼǰ֮ʦǶڽ֮£۷׷ףֻת˷򣬴ӺŶһ·Сıܿãֱɽ֮⡣
ɾ˿ʱȴ̵ҲҪ𣿡
ͷһְתеⲻԶ
ģûб˿¿ǣһǸ˵̫򵥣ϵ˼ҡ
˵ЩõĻɫˣ¶˾ͺáйǣڽһɣ´벽ȴʳָ˸ƣһҡͷ
㾡ɽҾ͵֪Сסʦ𣬲Ƿ֡
㣿һʱ㵣Ȼ󷽽Ųٿһ̱תȥɽת˲ʧ١

ԣ
Ȿд磬Щʦʦ֮ĳƺѾˣһ¸ģ©˿~


25 . ѩɽ
ػˮ, ԶԶƵ죬̵Ӱ׵ơµķ磬˿˿, , Ҳůš
õش, ַ˳أ֡
޷Ծ˳, ŽĲӻתڣһƳ, ƼһķľС, ԾƣԼʱײˡ
ȻһǺ, ȴ̲ס򿪺и, һ˫ϵһİ, ˼һΣң˵Ļ
, ȼŴ, ȻȥҽȡǮ㣬ѲҲһˡ
ô˵ˣнл, 㲻ա
Ůڶ, ޷ǻ, ºҡ
Ǯ֮, , ûŵ, ϵر, ɽ·ңһټˡ
ֻǲ֪´μ棬ͳ᲻ֳˣ
ţȴͻȻߵ졣޷ʶһ˭һˬŮң
޷ŻعľתšһžװŮӾ⣬ҲƼͷһ£ʲôأֱļҹﶢ˲ɣ
ûֲǽӣܱ˭Ųţ޷ҡͷһü㣬˽ˣ
ûأ˵̾˿ڣһ£ֻҪҶ廹ܴЩ¾ûꡣˣջʦ˵նεô£ó𣿡
ĺĺȥˡ޷һǵ£ͷۣһӣƿĿ⡣
㣬Ȼѹɤ˵ҿˮ棬ٳΪ
ôһ˵ô¡޷⻰һͷչʱˡյÿգȥһݡ
Ͷඡ˵ţչ˫˸ȴϵǸûüϵľУ漴һۣ̽ͷȥסһʲô棡أĸĶ
˰ɡ޷˳ֺľУһơǰȴʵ˭ҹ
һϹôôࣿ޷üһ˳̭һȥ
ⶼ˵ǶǸˡƯҪϵ·ĸƢԣĻģ
޷˫ֻ⻰Цԣⲻ赹𣿡
㻹汻˸ˣ۲˼鶢סȻüͷһ壬ҡͷʦģҲô͡
ûͳȥܾһ˵޷ҡͷ̾˿ϧ·ԶҲ֪ûл
Ŷǡ
Ĵʢʸ죬˴ţ˵λĹţָҪ޷ǡ
򣿡޷ǰһ˳ȥǸţȻǰԺһֻƼһˡòׯİŮǶң
Сʵ
û޷ҲɻúܣһǰһʵλγƺѰҵģ
㣿һüһƺ˿һ飬ǰݳһֻУǰѺǮӡ
˵ǰȥո磬󣬺֮£е޷ҡͷ۵ײɫ㼴ʵ￴ңйأ
ֻ²ˡ䣬ʼ仯ɫ¶ģ̹˵
ĪɽһܾҪҲԹ޻ڡ԰գ˫ֱȭȥ̧ʱӨ˸
ʹãô˵ģǰһ޷մԣüôˣΪѣ
ȻϵðңضԵ֮Ҳ֪һˮ΢ƽ˵
ҼСԾǿܵǵ裿ѳʦţǾһصɽУָժ϶˰ңҪϳͣȣҪ
ʲô޷Դ󾪣𣿡
ǧһʦøֹš𡣿ɻǡ
ʲô
ɽһųϣǰһҧأֻҪСһղϣһղ߳ء˵ţоģӣֺγ֪СңС󣬱δ˵͹ͷҪأٳˣ
֪޷߬ȭ¾ǰûڣֻ޲ûص֮ǰڿջܿһѣһʱٿ£æʵ˵Ӧڽط㣬ɽӦֻأǸΣգ
ҡŲһҡͷ˵ҾɽϣʲôұϾɽӣʦ֮ʵΥаᣬ뵽Ѱˡ
ˣʲôˡˡֵ߽ȣ·ƽ֮£زʶֺγ֣ܳౡ֮أ
ȥʦ̡ͬ޷ǵϣ˵űתȴһק˻ҵȻ
ôˣ޷ֻͷԡ
һһȥҪˣʲôͷ̲סһۣǲԣű˰һҪ嶯¡
ǲ֪ʦкƣ˵޷üʵ
ʦ˵ŴɣȴеΪŸѰ·̽µĻҲ֮ʿ˵ûŰ£ϽȥҪһ飬ʦ˼ŵ壬Ҫ
ˡ޷ǻȻ
˴ŵĲڷ£ʩлȴס޷ת̻ͷһ䣺ʦ֮һȥҲ׵ͬʦ˵˵ټһҲø׳
֪ˡ޷ͷҲأ̻תȡǶתԺȥѰʦͷҲǰ˶ˮ裬ǰδĵ֮ꡣ
Ҳδ֣ŮüһЦȻ˵䧛ɽɽҿʯҴ档ⶥͷ֣ҵǧˣΥʦҲҪã󳤾أӿδغù
Ŵԣһ㶡
ҽҵؽ硣ǣɴȥѰҡ
ոա޷ȡֱȥԺ䳡ŵϰ֮ʦﺮնˣ鿴ϰ侫Ρ
³Ǭָ⣬ָָ󣬷£ϰﺮԹ״ֻλһǽһ޷ǡ
ţ׽ع¥ˣ롰罣һ㣬ﺮŹĽ顣ų٣Գ޷꣬Իʦ㡣
޷㱻ʦѧգڴ֮ǰѽҼҴĽױù죬Ȼֻ꣬Ȼʧ٣˶෽ѰңһһĿȫǵʬ塣Ժ޷Ǳ㳤סãﺮʦҲ縸׶ԴԼĺһ㣬ˡ
ﺮ۽Ƴ޷㼴Цأ鷳
ʦ롭
ʲ˵λ޿Ѱ㡣ﺮһ濴ųеӲһ˵ҲСˣ绨ѩ֮£Ϊʦ岻ֻ֡˵²δܹ˼㣬ȴҲϣټįηɷǾС
ˣǡ޷һʱ֪νͣߣȻֹ
ﺮȴѻͷŶʲô
޷Ƕ˶˵ǰЩӣɽһλԵɺ֮ͬУҲЩ顣ٻʦţЩ鷳λŵġ
ŶﺮɫжȻλ鷳Ĺˣ
ʦ
ðɣðɣֻȥˣΪʦʣ⻹𣿡
ֻ¡޷ҡͷɫ˵ʦٶһæ
շת죬¡ǰԺжˣŶתһŽŲ죬һǰһţƼʦͽӰӭǰȥ
ʦ󲽿̨ףǰȴﺮĿ⣬Ȼϣһ˲ɷҸǶ˵򡣡
ǡ˻ʵͻأŲɻȴﺮһƬ̣ʵĸϣ
һͷв졣
ÿ¾ĸף徣ҿ˵ﺮһ˫ɣ۵ףת˲˼п
Ե֣Եšֵܼ˶ͷ֪Ժȴټ֮Ůü̸̼˷緶˪ѻ
˵һҡͷȷʲô̧ͷʵ֪񣬿ɻô
ԭϵҵ־ϲһʱ˿һ񣬡ϣһݡ
ؾϷ꣬ʵĸףִֻҴţҲʵۡ
ֻǡĸڶǰˡ£һʱȻһԣһо棺ͻȻ֮䣬ôͻȻ˾ʶϵܡҲ֪
޷Ǽֻҡҡͷɺϰˡ
ԭʹȻﺮҼ̱д飬ǰȥءֻһ㣬üס
֮Ҫͻˣ𣿡
Ȼȴ
ﺮһ޷ǣ볤̾һҵλСŮӣҵĺͽִԡ԰գȴͻȻ
رʮǰһĻգ硢عһλҲڽд徣ػ۳ڼ²˵Լڲǰһλ
֮𣬷׷һŮӣĳ
ȴֻ˵ĸ֮֡ס
֮סﺮĻ޷ǺȻ˵

ԣ
֮סԡ¥ΡʵҲʣܿС˵


26 . ѩɽͣ
ɽ긲ѩ, ɽ֮
ɽɺԺһŸ߸, ֱƵ, ʯǽ, ȦһСءνġء
ңУһʯͷ, ǽ̻һСˣСʽ, һ, һĽס
ɽѧҷӣλʹ֮, вͬ
ڹ, ȭƹ庮֮ϣʹɵ, ָˣ¾һ㣬óʹ, Ȼ¾ȥ, 㼸ù˱
ڲ׺ʹΣ˷·һֱڴ˵֮УǰΣ, ŴΪչܡд, ʮǰ¾Яͬ, ɽ, ǰ׽, ġ
ϧ¾Ӣ, Ůֹ, ׸ҵĽƥ䣬ңŽһ·ϰ˽ףҲѧÿĿİͰͣʼղ䷨񱻹ڴ˴պþѧ
ػ谵ҹѱ棬ңҲ֪ڵжȹ˶ʱգҲ֮áָףˣ㿿ǽϢһ֪˯˹ȥĹȻɫʣߴߴɽҰһ꣬¶˪
֮䣬·ˮУǰιһξ޴ͨڵĹ㡣ʱߴһϤСң
ңһ飬ѣδӦô£⴫ϤСңСң㻹𣿡
㣿ǰеɻʵôˣ
ȻȥҲԿף˵ƺЯʱ
ңҡͷȴ˲ҡһֱЩ£δˣڴˡ
ǰţȻһ㱡ѩָңָЦ㻹ǻȥɣ̫ˡһ֮㡣
۲۵ģҽö˱һ壬к𷣣һͬеǡ
ңæֹûʲôãŴ㲻ֺιΪο
СãĻȻ˼֣źصţУ֪Ϊνղ
ңԣüһ
Ҫңٲգ˾ȥ
ɽһ˽꣬˷أԲ׼ֻ̡ǵˣɽ;У޷޽ϼƣֻպɽгӣֱ̫ӶײţԷͷ£һ
ͬʱ޷Ƕˣɽɵɽš
ɽɾ⣬ӲͻȻͣʵڽɽĵͷԡŶţŮҲɻһֻԺͨжǰ
˫ֻۣһŮһСܶȥӰ˼ҿһЩðʧˡɽɱӣѰ˿ҲҪ˵·˭Ű
һˣ¡޷ȴ·ˡ
ɽϺȽŰ͸ֽƬƬѩƮɣΰɢݡɽҲ˶Ȳ衣
ֳɢδζһҶڲ߼ɢһȦȦֻƬ̵Ⱥ򣬲Ĺ޷ʮ·Ƭ̹⾰ٿѹǧꡣ
еĲ軹δ㼴վȻ߽ŵģͨĵӣɻִ˶˺һ˵λ
˵⻰㼴Ŷ߳ǰ
ɽкԺȣҲ˰ܣͨů̼ѩ֮Уƽһ˿ůһƬɫΩԺһĨ죬ѩɽۣ֮Ψһɫ
֮ڣ庮ڵȺƼ֮ʱɫҲģһĮ깧ʩȺ̧ͷȴ֮һתȻ
áþԶ֡庮½ӹԵӵĲ裬ǳһڣ˵ɽɲ޹ϸҲӲʽ£ͻȻţǺԵʣ
ţ֮Ҫһˡ޷ٶʩƽ۲֮УٲȻַâ
Ŷ˵ʲô庮΢Ӹ³
޷ǣһˡ޷ֱ̧ӣް⡣
ʵ˵ǣ庮ЦԭǲɵˣȴҪˡҲ޷ֻҪԼԸ⣬ɽ£ȥɣһ˻
ˣѲɽӡ޷ü΢΢һ
Ƕλˣɾߴˡ庮·ŵͲյ⣬ģĶȥɡ
㣬ǷҪֱԣſɷˣ޷̹ȻֱӣлڲأǰѳĵңɻɽУ
ԭŵĴһ쾪˼Եӷ׷˱ܣŷ׷ɵĴмɵ͵λŭŵĲ֮ͣԲ
庮ǿڲ·𻹺ڿ˵⻰ʱ΢΢Ȼѹŭ
̲סڣţɾĲˡ
Ըͻ޷⻰Ŀ΢΢һת˹
ɽɵȥβܣΪλҪŸˣ˼أ˵
㺦µӣû򵽽ϹֻۣǹϼգǿǴðģҷߣ
֣Ӻ֮˵޷üԽɲѹ庮¶ӣ²֮ҲҪһ
֮庮ЦҲ֪ǲ֮ɽ꣬Ǹ˲ٴ¡
˵ɱ
ʶ˺һֱ̧ѿڶţǲ


27 . ɽѩ
߰ɡ庮·ת, Ѿͷѱȥɻ, Ȱǳġ
, ޷һ, ƽңɽʮ, ΣضǸΪ˽⡣˵Ļ, 㲻º𣿡
ɽû, ˵ãΪһѱʦŵĵ, ˳ͻ, ׷׸, ֣Ҳҡˡ
ԶԶ, Լ˼, Ȼ׹ۼߣ̷£ȥģ
ʦ𣿡
ϻȥ˺δڣҶ, ֪Щʲô
ֻ, ̿ңˡ̲δش, һ, , ѵۿŴɷˣ
ƣŭ, , ⣬ﶮã
˵Ȼͬһ˭ļˣҲֱ֪ӹ˫ĿִȴǴ֮ͽΪҪ˶Դ
ֱǡʢŭ֣֮ȻһȴôҲȲȥãնص̾˿ת·ȥ
ڽ˫˫ĬһĻ˹§̵ĸ첲
㼸ʱģ
˫˫ͷ죬ȴĬãҪҲȥɡ
㲻ˣ̲졣
ôϲҲҪ˫˫ͷɿͷȥܿĿ⡣
ʱǰԺȺɧһڵӷ׷Χ£ѸٰΧλ֮͡
˫˫ԶԶһۣƼ޷ʱٿȻ¶죺Ȼ
ڸģݹ顣庮һ£ڵȻϡ
޷ܿһԾδг֮⣬ֱ庮£˵ҵȼѵ˴˴δˣ״ظŲϷˣҼһ棬ֻȫкβɣ
񷨣ɽɲԼ庮ȫȻΪͿͣ
ʦܶ˸ǰĵָֱǰˣȴ޷Ǹߺһ
㻹ʲô˵庮һ
ŷ˵񷨶ԹȫԼģ޷ǵ
Ȼ庮µ
ôΪɽɵĵӣҲͲʦصƶԴͬˡ޷ǵȻˣңδ֮У
һϴһˣʸɽ֮£
ɽ£֮⡣ѲµӣУ庮²
Ȳɽˣ֮޷Ǹ߾飬У˵ֻҪϵͷǰҪˣ˳Ųʣɱ
㡭庮ᣬŭȣֱʶô
ԡ޷ǲٴɫҲδŵͰ֣֮ǰңŹ͵ϮʧҪ˾ǡáǡ
Ϊһ֮𣬶µӶһζƫƫţϢˣԩһʩѹǡáǡ
ң裬ѳʦţ佭񲻼ǰӾͬţһ·໤ǡáǡ˷·;գΪ˼޹ðգɽȴɣƣ˾ǡáǡ
һʻδ϶ᣬʵ庮ƿԡĿ֮£һ֮𣬾ȥѨƵģֱκ󣬷ڣŭ⣬޴ڣ㡭ĺֱ
αطǵֵز̾Ϣǿ磬ϲΣȥĹǣ˳ҲءҪڵأҲûʲô
ΧԹۣ⻰ԶԡҲתһӣԴǿУ
ǵͬһֶŮӣຮɽУ໥֣裬֮УҲ˵׻ǵʦðֺǣ
˷أꡣ庮ݣһȥԣȻ䣬˵ˣǲ£Щɽȥաɽ֮£Ȳ֡
޷⻰ֻһҡͷ֪ȴδ֡˱ڷվСʱЬѩˮԽ䣬кϢһŵİ
㲻ߣǶ⣬Ҳɽɺ޸ϵ庮µϷıȵϴ˵ؿຮɱ˺ں԰գȥ
顱һϣһ㶣ͷˣΪ֣ô͡
޷δĻתˣ֣ʵĳէʶڣλи㣬Ҽңһ档
һҡҡͷŸµһɢһᣬֻʣ˫˫ˡ
Ǳܰ˽أǻᡭ˫˫߽ʶر˺ȴס֡
ҿԴȥֻΨһԿ׻УǾȲ˵ţȻת
ﲻȥҲû뵽ӣʦܣ첽棬·ϣ˵ƽղרϣΨңӸ棬ǲǻбɣԲš
ʦӦ֪ЩʲôڣֻǣʲôҲ˵
˵£𷽲ŴҳһƬʱԵĳʹѵƫδ¶棬ʦǰ󣬿첽ȥ֮״򣬼̼ӿŲ֣ߣҪˡ
ɽɽɺԺأ˿أΨзçç˻Ĳ
֪ʱת֮տյֻѩң䣬ϥ붨Ųۡ
ңĻ⡣
ʦôͻȻˣңվűߡ
ɽˣ֪ʵ
ˣ
˵õĵӣһһŮһ㡣ɻüٿһ㲻֪
ңԣƺ𷽲뿪֮ǰǲѰһ佻
Ҫңٲգ˾ȥ
ǽ㣿ңȻ򣬡Ѳɡ
Խģ㵱뿪֮ǰ֮ˣ
˷ʻ֮ȴδţֻû㱡һ֮ԵƼˮ飬ʹȥϣ
һλǺˣ
ҵ治֪㾹˵ء̾ſģ㲻ףֺγ֪
ĿģҪҳϴδ𣿡ңٰ㲻⣬Ҳ֪Ҳա
ң
ˣʦҵΣ̧űţƽʵѵʹ˶ϣǷֽţӴɽУֻŲϲұ˵ʸҲû𣿡
ֱǡ
ظųûСң̹Ȼ֮Ҿǲ֪ġôдҲ֪Īеε֮ڴ˴ԸαΣĻ
ڤ粻飡仰⣬飬ɡ󽭺ˣթ֮Уαȫ
ңԲ˼תľЩɽȹ¡عĸ͸Īĵ⣬ϸгͻ֪ģرǰɽּһиһ²⡣
ô£вͬȴ߽ҡԵ⣬Ѳɡ֮ɽԵǰǳ䣿
סڣ
ңͫٿţ桭
Ŀ¶̣˫Ŀңȴ߬ȭסţɤȻ˼ȣʦ棬±󣬾к飿
˿·¶ĳ־Ƶģһһ˵
ԶϾʹģٲ̤ɽ벽ұ㽫ⱳԵɣͨͨ㡣


28 . ˼
ƾʲôôһʵԲԶң, ֻĵرһң֪Ӻδ֣һ
Ȼ, ۼԼͽšˡ첽, üĶһ, ݲĳһơ̵˱, ˲ϢǹЮһ, ѵ޷ǰ
Ȼһ˲, ȻϾ˱ܣʶƻ, Ʒ罻, 𾢷紵ѩ, һ档޷Ծ½, ˳֮, ʲվ
¶ϵϸѩ䡣
ʦ𣡡̾æס, ʲô
ôĵӣŭ
Ŷ, ͱ˰ɡ˵⻰, Ȼǰ, ϸ, ˾, Ҳɣ
޷ü, Ťͷ䡣
ذ׷ɿڣ˭Ҳ򲻿š΢΢üĿɿ콫ǰİ״һԭǶλɽѡ
űлͣǲˡ˫˫С棬Ȼʦˣαء
⻹û˵ķݡ˵תǰİסɽֻŮͽ޷ǵĳ֣һŮ֮УԵΪͻأ
˵ɽ·¡̽ζΪɽ֮УĽ룿ɺϣӣ㣿
ʹɺϡҲ޻˵޷ֱۻɣҡͷɫ̹Ȼ޾塣
ȴʱϸѩǵű󣬴Ϥ޷ǣ㣿
㡭𣿡ãʵ벻ԵĻһ򵥵ʺ򣬻ʱ΢΢һǧ֮
޷˿ɺˣĻͣһƴ硣
縴ԭˡ޷ǵ˵ܷʵڷĲ£ʦ飬õţô뿪
ǡңĿζӳ£һʱԡ
ĬȻԹãҡͷ̾һȻŶδƽϣΪβߣ
ʦûǸΣǰã˽ڲ²ңǲ˴治֮£Ż˴أٽֲ£ָճ
־Ϊ£лֱ˵ңͣȴʦʱشҷĻ
ֻ˵Ầ㡣ޱ顣
޷Ƽ飬һü˼Ƭ̣ڣ·ϣ˵δ£ȴʦе֪ǰɽ֮УԵǵʤ֮ǳԡ
棿ңȻĿѰȥַ̾ԭΪңʦҵǡ
䲢𻰣йǡȴʱѩһȻסˡ
ŽŲӰǰƼסþδû
˫˫ڷ̴յСǰҵʦ𡣡
ʦ̰Ͻţֵ㾳ءվֱ뺮һɣһ£ǵλݱ䵽ز
ңü˭
˭Լ֪գ볯£Σ
ԽԾ㳯־䣬űصţңУһը졣
òŻȻ̧ԾֻǷص
ԭԭ֣Ϊµ֡ѹҶ㲻һѹ֣ҪĹڡңƮ죬Ŀ꣬Űת˲ɢУ̾Ϣ
Ȥ𣿡޷ɫѿƣ£صڳ֮ˣ඼Ƽ˹Ȼʩѹװʲôˣ
ħΪ֮кβףĻһǺףٴסˣ갢µķѾ꣬ɽ´ĺӣԷǼֻƫţڿ˵Լĺӡ˵飬֪ڸֽʱɽڣħ̹ΪС
˵ʲôңȻʼ
ԿĴ°ŮͯУʮǰǳΧ֮ЩŮӺ֪ͯ١Ϊ˭
ңЩվסţһײţһ졣޷ŵôæǰңû°ɣ
̾˿֮ͬУֵһâ̫ʤᱻ˶ϣŵµһ֪гӵʥŮǰ㣬ѧѵǷ켫֮ˣҲѲˣعִɡǰܹģ
ֻɱ䣬ΨɡңҧһһҲ֪ңˡ
ҧҧס񣬷ٶȿڣʦǰҵԸҲҪһɽֻΪ̽иռż
׾ͺá仰ƣҲġ
·Ҫôߣ޷๡շ뿪أպӦ˴˽٣ΪһʹɽɲǽǷǣҲնͷŻ
ңԣſڣȴػŻڵأʼδĺһ˲̹ǵı䣬Ҫ˺顣
ˣ񳾰䶨Ҳ֪ࡣȥţϲϷ㣬㶼컯ˡ԰գתߣƳǰ޷ǣͣסͷһۣͷСӣ㻹վ
ʹкָ̣
ղŵĻǶˡǷǷӣЩɵӣ黳аħϹϵ𣿡
δ֮ǰԻ޷ɫƶһһһʱһʱ˾ѹۡ㵱Щǰ֮кιϸҲ޹ء
ŶüһҲ˵Уࡣ
ңңʲôݣʼԼħŹҲãӵҲաθı
ңڣһһʱݣƬ̻
ѻ˵ƯֻǽʱգΪĿģҵȿ㡣֮֮̾⣬ȴδʿޣۣڵ
ҲգԼ£ȻϣŪֻۡ
ң۲΢⶯ĽŲȻԶȥ
һ̾Ȼڣ׻סң󽭺գв̤ٲҪġ
ڵɳڵ֪ľ޴Уþδܻ񡣰ΣȻ޷ǵңû°ɣ
ңſڣҡͷ뵽˶˲ʱ˼ͷбţ⣬θѡ
ǲǲЩ޷ǰ£űţǡ˿ͬߣǸˡ
ʲôڸˡңЦҡͷ˵֪б·ߡҸ˵лǡ
黹֪ôأ˫˫չԴʦ㣬ѵҪһֱ𣿡
Ҿ⣬Ҳȥ޷һַţڴСüĽ
Ӳһ㼴̵ȥ˵Ҫǵȡů౼鿴Σֻ޷һˣǵǰ
ѩ¾ĬΨʲҰףѩɫ
޷΢΢һԾ˸䡣ңԼʵ㲻𣿡
ֻһûд󰭡޷ǵǿ֮£Ϥ棬ʲôáֻŵͷò˶á
ֻˣңͷӹһĨȻȻڣȴףЦһҡͷֻС£۵ǧһˡˣղλͬĹǡ
ֻʦ㡣޷ǵǰʦ֮ͬС
ãңп֮ͬ꣬ΪһԶǧڴ˶꣬ȴʦɵ
ô࣬δȫ޷ο˺֮󣬴ǼңγûĴ֮ˣ
ƶŻߣңǿջЦҪˡ
޷̹Ȼˣұ㲻ߡ
֮⻰һʱȻߣ˵ͷȥȴǿݶ⣬һ޼ʵĲãأһƬѩѩɽϴأҪ
޷ǻͷԶɽɫ˶񣬻ֱӸʵţһһҼǵ˵ɽ壬ϲɽµļݺ裬Ҷ׷ɣɽ㱾Ұ壬֮ڣ֪Ҫصʲôʱ򣬺¿ࣿ
ң⻰һ͸ŷ쳯ȥϡӻͳǰ˵ʱ˵ҪȥѰ˵ӭ紵춯飬ɽϱ㲻塭ֻ񣬸ţ޷㡣
ڵ⻰ͷٿһȻһſڣȴǼⷢᣬ۵ӯӯʪ󣬾һ仰Ҳ˵
֪˵Щʱˣ޷΢΢ͷһּ˵ҲԸˡ˺㶼ֻźȹݾȲ㣬Ҳ
٣㡣

ԣ
ڡڱo(ini)o


29 . ˼
˵⻰, Χ, һֱ쵽ߡ
Ҿ֪, ʶ, ˡңЦд࣬һ˫ȴԾ¶ο
ң, ޷ǹ˵, Ҳֻ, ֻ뾡ܻȫҲ, ݵһ 㿪ʼ, Ҷ, ڵ壬˶ͬˡ
ң⻰, ΢΢˶, ֻ΢ԼԼƿĺһ˿ִ벻
ȻЦƲ˹, ˳֮Сķ϶, ̽ȥ޷Ǽ״, , һͷҲ˽ָഥ, 䶼ޱ, ȴʳĪů⡣
޷, ҡܸмܴˣңݸЦݳοֻǰ;δҲʲôԵ
ֹġ޷̹Ȼ
ңԣȻЦ⡣Ļϲŷ紵ǰ죬ʹϺأĵȴһɹ£ࡣ
ͬʱڴǰ庮ɫӸ¶ס
˵ģ庮µҲԸһ𷣣
ֻҪܹˡСãԸ𷣡
á庮´ݽľȡȣߵǰ߾ȣʵһΣԸܷ
ǡ˵ţݵ
Ȼһݺȴδϣһ˵ءȻ̧ͷȴҲãֱ˽
ǻ˵ˣ庮··ϣй㻺Ϩ𣬿ŵĹ䡣
ˣΥһһ
ǹҷˣ
˷Ի˵һԹڶУֻȻȻѵǰվҡͷ˵Ҳǳɵ޹֮£ι˼
Ҳף׹˵ʲô±󣬻к飿
Ǻ󻰡˵ţٶȿ庮£ʦã⡮ħҪɱҪţ
Ŵԣͫ׼һٻʱΨһصԿףȻС¶߳⣬ȴȻͣ˽Ųһʱͷȥɫָһء
ʦ𣿡
һý˵߿ĴҴҡҲ⣬Կףֱضȥ
ϣػؽأȴĺܣǰֻ޷һˣԾɶԭأߵңһûһġ
ôֻ⣿һ㶣ǰݳ֮
޷ǿöɵԿףסôõˣ
ңɻȻȻعǰѴ󿪣ƼһȦ˲ʪ󣬼ǰȥһѱס
ҡǲǴʲôĪ㯣ղʦ˵˵
֮䣬ѪԵң˵⻰ֻȫһ룬Բסˡ
̧ͷʱǰɿͷƮҷѩŷͣԽϡ裬ڶ˱Ǽ⣬ת˲ڻ
ңɫвᵭȥɿ֡ԶԶţһʱ˶࣬Բԣһ
㡭󶼲ٻˣ֮ǶһεĸңؾȻǰȴ˿˵ͷ
ұԵ֣ȫ״ЩĻԵΪһˣҿǷġң°ٸнȴ˵ȥ󣬸ءҡлԵݶ飬Ҷ᳥
ֻҡͷһʱʣ˵κλ̧ʱȴ뽭ˣһǰһתʦлһֻСУƺװʲô
ߵңǰͣ£ֻеݵǰǰָҵˡ
ңɻӹһȴһöťѪʯķӡϱ߿šҡ֡
Ǽ£ңף֮⡣ңöӡܴʲô
˵һλ΢Ů͸ģҵˣܹ
ţԽãȻδּһԾδڵǰңȻҪˣ㻹ôӦһ¡
ǰ֮£ң˼£һι֮ˣ
ԣһУǺ¡ҪһһĪκǣ
ңһ㶣Ȼתһ룬̱׹
ַ̾һУ޹أǵãĪΣա
ͣһѩʱ
ң֮ǰɽȥһˣأذݡһԽ޷Ƕ˿ףһˣȴɽˣȥޱĹȥ硣밢°ݱ𡣡
ԣ޷ǻعƼңǰָഥԸһ
㡭˼ͬʱڣĿ㵽㣬һ㶡
𣿡ң죬ʵ
Ǹɽȥˡ֣̾˿δһ̾Լ˶ࡣ
Զ측ƣɽۣССһ㣬ɽţԶת˲ѩʧ
ңֱɽͷһۣɽڣһߴ¥ѱɽû
߰ɸпʲ㲻ͷ׷ãôɽ·һһأ֪˶ˣ㡭һۣ
ΪĹˡң鸡ֻʣôЩ꣬ҲýˡҲ
ѩɽ·᫣粽Уɽŵû˸չƻ裬ҵס齣ʱš
ңڽ£ҲһȦϰһڣ˲ԽܵϢֹϺȴЩ顣һ飬뽭ͬסԱ˴Ӧ
ҹ䴰£̿裬Ƶף˫ýŹ£һң̾˿˱ˮƵǰ
ҡңһʱ㵣æ𣬡ûµġ
˵û£дˡҡͷʹ˵Щȷ̫󣬽ԽܡҲĴ˵ף£ǰ֪ʱףҲʲô̹Ȼܡʱ䳤ˣҲϰˡ
ңҡͷƽ͵ˡֻ룬Ӧȥδӡöӡֻһ֣ףԡ
Ѱ̽Ϊǻȥҵǳ£кοɵĵģ
ȥңд㵣һҪͬȥ𣿡
òһ߰ɣΪ𾪣һ󣬴ĳЩ˿ɰͰأǧһˣȥ˿գ˺һ겻񣬿ôźá
˵Ҳ̫ˡң٩ݸͷָԼ˱ˮŶҪһֱģǿҲᷢġ
ң΢ЦףŶˮһڣ죬֮󣬱޷ǵ˰˽һɣܺ
ʦܵЦţ޷뽪վ⣬ӹȴ㿪
ʱ⣬ͷң˫磬Ƶǰվ棬֮ˣһü
㡭ң֪ģһнô˻˯𣿡
޷ֻҡͷչյϽȺɡ
ӹݽһ룬ڱһ漴룬̽ͷҹɫȥߣһЪţõҡ԰գѿȥգ۲ӰֻˣĿԡ
ңȵ룬ڣȴ˵ֻص¡޷һ˳ִš
һһֱûлͳȥ޷˵ţԻͳɺϵһİݸңһ˫ӳڻƵƹ£͸֬
ҡ࿴һʱԥΪۣǽҪҲӦʡ⣬ʵڹأҲܹȴҲܺ㡣
ˣЩ£ҲϢϢء޷üĿչЦһˬۣͬһ˵
ҵĳأңͷЦʣƾܾǿ顣
޷̹ȻֱۣҡͷЦ֮кҪ
ǣô˵ˡңݸһЦͷϸϸ⿪ϵᣬȡһݸҵ˴ˡҲסĻΥ飬Ҷ֮ʱ

ԣ
ֹġԡʫݳ桷
壺Ѽҵƽˡ
޷ǣңң̫ˡ


30 . ξ
ĩ, ˴ҴȥִٵĽŲ̤ˮ, һʪܡ
޷ǵһôſڵ, һԸӭӵļ, Ҳһһеɡ
ϻ˵Ҫһλʦ, λ𣿡һ˵ſңп, Ƶ, ʦ֣ǵ״ʶģ
޷ҡͷһЦ, ң, һ߽ͬš
ﺮǰȺ, һ˱ӭ
ϸһң΢΢ü, ԭΪ, λòӦЩƣһȴȫȻͬңøЩ
⵹û, ңҡҡͷ, ﲢ, ο֮, ѪԵ
Ŷﺮһ, ֿһ޷, , ˵𣿡
ҴǰҲ֪飬޷ҡҡͷɽ֪
ʦ𼱣ͬ˵ǰмһһ档
ﺮգ΢΢һ㶣˼ã˺ſڵ벻ˡ
ʵҴж˵˵ǰΪ˰ңױħأʵ۹ɡԡң
˵һжֻǲ²⣬Ī¶ۣѪֻҪƣ¡
ﺮǿңȫ޽黳֮ģλŮ֣ҵȷ»÷Щϸһ顣
ʦ֪ϢǵôӺβ𣿡һ㶣ʵ
Ѧׯͳ콭֮䣬ûҲΧˡﺮһҪͷǲס
еЩ̵ļأһø㿴޷һַңͷôԶ·ҲˣϢ죬ٴӳ顣
ﺮңŵӣͬͬһԺ޷ǵסһԺǸԺҲһֱﺮ˴ָյĽϰ֮ƫƧ
ԺļɽõĶ̫ʯ״죬̬ǧʯɫΪף塢©ݡ͸֮ɽµĳŽ𣬰׺ʮַ
ңϴ£ڷЪ£Ȼ죬㼴ţֻ޷վ⣬һװĲӣ
ʲôңһ㶣нӹӷŷֵжӸ·鼮г¼µ֣ʴԾߡ
֪ļЩǵĿǰΪֹҵй̵ļأӦ©޷ǵ
ҿᵽʮǰʿΧ̣вûᵽλŮ֣ɽҲδС
ң²ӣ˵м£㡣ϻ˵ЩǱҲйأһֱ׷ЩΪ°ɣ
޷һͷ漴֣ߵ£ֻƼˮ꣬͸¶̫࣬βͬЩ£Ǹ㡣
˶٣ֵڸ׷ҵһЩȱţƺָǳΧˡҲ֪һս֮ˣսһģҲ䲻
ղᵽ۽ɽׯǵׯǲǵλټɸ֣һΧ̵Ѧ񣿡
޷ǵ꽭һеִͣ£Ϊһ˲
һӦӦλң˼
ʱµģ۽ɽׯоţҸҲв롣
ɡ
һսʣѦ಻֪٣ھ󡭡޷ǵˣҸйԼλŮ
˵ŮԸġµһ֪һսǴΧ˵һ׷֪ңЩ£û𣿡
޷ҡͷһĬҪҵЩţ
ң˵ͷ
һͬ߳ţǡšһң֣첽ǰ
ңӣסÿɻϰߣʵ
ܺãңݸʵҪȥģ
ֳˡ޷Ƴһİʵ
ǰҡͷ΢ǣҵⲡŸպãǱߣֲͣˡսӵĴţ˵һȥһˡȥͬʦ˵һ»пգٻؽ꿴˼ҡ
һ·ģ𱻽˸ˡ
ҡָ޷ǵıӣ˸ۡ
á޷̯˫֣Ůһ·һ˳ȵ鷳Ҳӭж⣬Ͳͷˡ
㼪ԡ»İϱ˱ЦңͰסţʲôҪᡣվ˽Ÿȥתת԰գת߿һʧ˻תǡ
ң޷ǻصУվһԿӽ﷭һᡣ
ЩŶֻвƬɣ˱һϾʫڣƽնѹס
޷ǽҳеĲƬһŵݸң͵˵ģԼΧ˵ڣԼЩɽСһĩβδȫȥ֮»иͷӦǰŮд
˵ּ㶼ôϵģңʵ
ϵҵּаŮŲƬҲաѦׯīĴּٺñϲ
ôЩţǷдģԼżȴΪҪ٣ѵкҪ
ҲôԲŻЩȱżǷܴҵЩüĿ޷˵ţѷҹ룬ַ˼ҳóһкüֵĲƬ˹ȥţּͬҲ֪˭
ңӹƬͷ֣Լ뻢Ѩ֮Уѻͷá˭дģ˵˭
ңһ룬ӺȻһȵȡּ
ϵã޷һ㶡
ң˲ϻشĻǴӻҳһֻҴ򿪣֮ڣһ۵úСЩƵֽ㣬СչֻһʫȪǣҼ˼ѩͷ
գṳۣʷȫͬͬһ˵ıʼ
ǡ޷һ㶡
µĶңɽڣȥ˵ȥﶼἯзգһ
ʱףʮЩǰʰǰ͵͵ȥУҼ롣ȥҵ¼ʫ
ΪߵôæմѩصУѩˮڻּˣֻһ䡣
ǰдԪ΢֮ʫ޷üֿѣ꣬Żʫ
ң˿ǲȱżֿ˿ʫ䣬Ȼ׹˵뻢ѨĪ˵ľλѣ
˵֮£ʹв룿޷üͷ
СڣλѣҲɽϵãǡѹȥӦӡ£Ѱң˼Ҳ˵ĸ׽õģŮˣ
޷ԣһ˼⣬Ȼ죬ﺮ
ǶŴ򿪡


31 . ˿
ʦ
޷ɻ, Ȼ򿪷ţȴﺮһ࣬˿Եң, תΪʦҵһ, Ѱ֮, а
һֻۣлδ˵ꡣﺮ鷿, óһᣬ˹
Ǳҳ߽Щ, Щͷ, дšӢۻ¼֡ңӹ򿪣ⷭ˼ҳ, жͣ
ǰƵҳ, һϤֺȻĿ, ¾
ң㶵ҳġӢۻᡯָǡ
ʮǰ, Ѧǣͷ, ̩ɽ嶥йһ䣬Ӣۻᡯﺮ˶٣ּ˵
˷ʢ, ֻΪд, Ǿ, ˴䳡, ·Ӣʿͨ, չܡ
, ҲУң΢΢ü, ⡣
󿴿
ңͷһҳֻƼصһ֮Уһġơ֣߻һ󿴣ֶַദȱеϣеȱ֣еȴмһ֣Խ󿴣ȱֶ༸
ʱѦС䣬۽ɽׯ֮ӢۻᣬΪ˽ύѡԲ֮ˣҲЩé®η͡
ﺮ˵Ŷ˶٣Щȥº򣬴඼伣ᣬҲֻӢۻ󣬸·ʿռĲбȫ
ңⳡӢۻᣬȥ¼֮ˣңһҲ˵ȱܾܿҪҵλǰ
Ҳ˵пӢۻϽʶλŮ
ﺮͷϧѦ۽Ѳ֪٣ȻлЩ
֡ңһף˼ʢ˼ӢѦ۽ء˵Ѧׯһǻ嵨˳̣һս󣬱Ҳû˼Ҳսˣ
۽ɽׯһۣ룬Ӵһ겻һ˵Ѧһ˵Ҳڴսˣζﺮ۽ɽׯûˣׯӣҲߵߣɢɢֻʣһլ
Ҳö١˶˵ħ֣ɱѪǣν޶˶ԸɶԣǶιֻ裬֮ѦһӦҲͷ˭£
ңյͷ˼
ʦô˵޷һﺮĻһ淭ǱᣬָͣڵҳУָһ֣Ȼ
ңͷһü΢΢˶֪
̵ʥŮǺˡﺮü΢
֣ƺҲң˵ţᰴ޷ǵָ֣һҳĩβġ֣
½޷ǲһ㶣ʦ˵λ
λġ½ﺮ޷ǣ˵˵꺮ѻһս£ϧ˽֪ټ
Σңսᣬ˼Ƭ̣ﺮʵ֪ſɷҳ¼һݣѰ֮á
ȻԡﺮͷЦ
Ǳлˡңл㼴ת߿޷Ǳһͬ뿪鷿ȴﺮ֣ʾֻͣ
ﺮԣȵңԶʲŹϷţͷ˵ȥɽգϵλ
ɽų˴һͬɽ޷ǲصΪͻȻ
ֻǾɺϡﺮ԰֣޷׷ǡֻ漰̾£ΪʦòһŮݣ죬Ҫ
ʦ޷Ǵ׿Ļ죬ôҲô˵飬ôǡ
ϡδ֮£֪״ңﺮпδУȴҲš̹ʵأֹƵ½롣ħ֮˵ȴɾš
ԡ
֪书ٸߣҲвѲ⣬ν塯Ҳֻǹ˵˵ѡﺮ˵ҡͷп
Ӣۻϣ֪һսԺĺ壬ΪѻҵԪ֮ԭϢ٣ùҽΣûشꡣ
ԭ޷ǻȻ򣬡ѹֶԪһֱ͸¶ҽȥԭΪ˱ȫ档
С֮ģ㿴ȣ֪ʤ֮ٲᣬҲʧ壬ȴԸ飬Ե±ԹǺεȽ󻳣
һ룬ﺮתֱ£λŮ嵨׻ĵﺮ˵ţ̧ۣң߿ķ򣬡δµԤϡ
ѽ̾һ޷ǵļ磬ĳΪһʱԼ˽ȥǲǴĲֵ


32 . ˿루
ĩ, Ҷ򾡡ôǰӣֻʣ¹ͺͺɣ쪺С
ľʱ, Ժļ괹˿ȴýޡ۵Ļںз΢΢Ĳ, , ӿˡ
ĩ峿ʱ, Ǻ͸ǡ˶뻹ڱŴ˯Ψңŵ, ͥ
, ƷȴѸݣӿһĻǰ, Ծ, ӯ绨, 鶯ɡ
ȴʱңز, ƺһ, һƳ޷Ժǽ£΢Ц
޷ǣңƼʽһ, һת, , Ц, ҹС԰, , ٿȻ
޷΢΢һЦ, 沽ǰӭ˲ΪҲΪֻǼ򵥹жԲȫಫ䣬
ңһбжֱ޷Ʒ磬˳סһ㣬Խѳȴϻת䣬һ
޷Ǵ΢Դյձߣ˵ЩʲôȴüӺ׹˫ǰ죬ƾ⻬һȴƵĲָָں֮ϡ
ңݸһЦˡ
ʰ·硣޷΢Ц᳭ˣ
һҹ֣Ҷˡң˵ţȻסգգۣر𡣡
Ŷ޷Ǵ΢ر𣿡
ɽ⼸꣬߸أʱ˱䡣ң˱Ůˣ벻ҪٱһΡҪô˴ҪôһҧǶԷʹթ
Ҳ̫ˣ޷ҡͷЦҪˣҲƲϡ
Ҳʲôң赭дҹģһͷһμ
޷Цԣߵһʯ£ʵ𣿡
Ȼң˫ֽʯ棬յǰĿת
̣ۼظٳΪ𣬱ǿ׷ӿ˽ѧͽڳơн࡯ҲŮų⡣ϵˣСЩȻΪԼ¶ŮǿôԸŮӣ޷ǵ
Ҳô𣿡ңʵ
겻µʱ䲻ȥȥ˵ҲӲЩơ޷ǵöˣԶ˿Ҳˡ
ʲô
ײҪΣΪΪӱô޷ҡͷһЦ⻹öлλʦ㣬Ǽ꣬ûٽ֡
书ߣңͷʵ
ǰɣ޷ǵ񡭡Ӧ󡣲Щûȹˡ
˵꣬˶٣ֱֱ˫Ŀ˵һϣʤ㡣
ΪΣ
ǿңԽ֮£ƵңҸ㣬жҲ޷ЦֻˣҲгһռϲ֮ˣȴʩԮ֡ǵζޱȼ尾
ֻΪЩ
ʵʵ˵ϰ֮ˣȻ׷ѧܻϣԼǿһЩֲͬһͱֹǰҲֻԹԼȥˡ
ʵ˵ףʤ֮ģ˽֮ңϸһĻһףҪʤΪֺȴӲ˵ûУᡣ
ôôģ޷Ц
ֻǿңݸƿԼֻܲκԼСң£ɺ£ֻҪһϲֲ˼޹ȥϲϲ
㣬޷Цұ֪ô롣
ô֪ң⡣
Ƕ飬Ů֮飬һ֪⣬֪һ۶ǶԷĺôʱĺǿԣΪԷĽ
˵Щ޷չյ˵ʲô㾡ȥҲʱȥϵЩˡ
ˣҶ񽭺ϵЩ˺£˽ⶼ࣬ҪҸÿ㡣ң˵ţӻͳ¼õᣬݸ㿴Щ֣Ӧ˭𣿡
޷ǽӹᷭϸϸ鿴һ淭ģһ˵ʦ˵û̫ˣҪһһȥѰ졭
һ룬ȴȻָͣһ֣ҵ
˭ңȥ
޷ָһ½ֵ˱˳ɡڽЩ
˵ţ޷ȴҡҡͷ˵ЩҲˣҲʮǰΧˣ֮伣Ҳû֪ȥġ
ǡ
˵޷ҡҡͷȴ׵ش˸硣
ôˣң̧ͷһۡ
ûʲô޷ӣܿĿ⡣
֪λɡ书ΣͬλѦׯ죿ңʵţΪλҪȥӢۻ᣿
и˵ʮʱò£ֻ֤ԼϾ̫˵һƤңֲȭȣ
òΣ书кιϵңֻ
޷һʱ˼ãǣڴòúã书δغã;֣ˮƽ൱֮ˣʤˣעģҲ书
˵˵˵ԶҲɲЩеĸ֣ңʶ˵
޷⻰һ˲侹ԼҪ˵ʲôΣȥȻ˵ҡҵڿң
ⲻҪң롣˵Һˣǻ˵ΧǶ£Ůòۣδ˳Ϲı¡
˵֪µһţȷס
޷˵ţﺮǰĻĿⲻңϡ
ͷ淭ᡣصü۱Ǽ⹴ճһȦɫ
ҵ˵Ů׷ֽ֪ߴ䡣˵֪ѧµһòҲǵ֮µһ
޷УﺮĻһֱ֮ɢǰŮԽأһʱ̲סңû
ʦ֣ƫƫʱ֣ĻԶԶͷѺ֮Ĳ²ϡ
˲Լͬͷ֣崩ȣС˸ǰʦ֣˸ˣָҪ㣬˵һ¡
ң޷΢һ㶣
λṫӣűٴ֣꣬ͷԵˣҲ˵ǵüſϵ磬ȥ


33 . ֵ
ǰ, һ°ӱŶݸ˵һ˵ģ
Ƽ޷Ǻ, Ǵһ, Ƭ, ӭϣһʩ, ʵ£Ҫҵ
޷ǲδ̻ش, ֻɫ, ĪĽƣһ, ŵͷ, С
ͻˡ΢΢߬ȭ, 㷲żӹȥĲˮ, ȴһ, ֹ
޷Ǽ㣬Ҳߴ٣˺һҪȻȱ, ºúЪһ, ˵Ҳ޷
, ӻ, Ҳһ, Ѱһˡ
, Ȼشһ⡣޷ֱ˫Ŀ, ƽʵ˵ãչӦţָ¡էȴָҪҳ棬кԵʣ
ΪּԨԶǾ罣֮󡣡˵ţȻ˿ʩȸ˳ơ½
ʲô޷ȻȲѡ
ȸ꣬ƽգȴڲǰӣδ㽭УĹ֪֮١źҡͷ̾˿
һ·շתˣ֪Ѱţ£ݾ罣ĺڴ˴ѰԸи£ûаװһ⡱
̧ˡ޷˵꣬ʼûаָı䣬ҸֻѧƤëʵڲд󡣼Ҫѯ˵ҲҺ£ѰҺˣ
г񺭣ǼҸŮһͬǰ֪ΪͻȻʧ٣֪ȥ򡣡˵ţɫȻأ˷ɢѰңһֱδ䡣ǺҲʧˡ
Ŷ㷽ȴ˵ˡ޷ɫ񣬲ɶһ˿̽ζ
Ұأβ㡮ĿвֻѰظͷ­صУһ£ͬɨһڡͬ·ҵʬĹܼңҲ֮棬̽Ծ
ΪԾв޷йŹ֣һʱ˼
и֮ףǰŵĹӢۻ½硣
ɺϣ
ޣҪšǳԹ˺֣޷˼ֻǰľ㣬ƺȫȻ֪
ʱֻƬ˵Ҹ׹ȥ˽ԹЩƵƾ١Щ⣬ೣʩƾ٣ˡҡͷ̾ʵ벻ʲô˺ѪϴҼţҡǹܼ·Ѱظͷ­ֻҲ
ɵˣλ̽ԾĹܼңٰ֪ɣ޷ǵôҲδλ¹ˣ
褳⣬ҡҡͷ
޷Ƴһ˫ѱĥЬףЬͷмõѥӣȻʵ
ݡ褵
Ŷ޷ǵ߰ٶﳤ·ģ
֪ƵԹעĿһ·ɢҲƣͽС
ðɡ޷˵˵ȼˡ齺δȸңʦ˵ԭίȥϢ
ڳǶܼҿᡣ褹ʩ񣬡ôƸ𡭡
޷ǰڰֵҿΣһʱҲҵüĿǵ˵ɡ
ԣüãһ֣ʩ㣬ĳл
ؿ޷ǹֻ
һףתȴ޷ǻס
޷ǵˣΣԾסΣգ
ȸıδաü̬֮ɫһʱ̣㰲ȫ
һᾡȥٳ⡣޷˵ţĿ߳ãۿӰʧһ̣Цת˲ʾƽһ˿ơ
뵽£ɿתԺңʯǰЩй̵ļأ㼴첽ǰһ
ңĿϲɫݸôˣ
ɻǵãϻϿλ֣޷£һִһǣֱղλҵĹӡ
Ŷôɣ
꣬һֱáȴڲ֮ǰͻһСֻʣλӡ޷ǵӣƫƫ书ȴܴݣһֱߵ
ңգƬ̣ʵˣ
ǰ١⵱бض޷ǵָҰѰˣƾıҸײġϱ˫š˵Ӧǲţ
֮ߣֶ¡ң˼λ׷ɱˡֱ֪࣬ƶ˸ʣֻΪԱҲȫš
ɣ֮µ档޷˵Ҵ·̸ǰ֮䣬δ׼
ǡңԼ˼һͷͬһ𡣡
һչ⾰ɢƻת۶ϼ֮£ӽк£ػˮʣӰӳΪ
褶Ļڣѵˮ
һֻݵĺɰɰϵͼ߶϶᫲ƽ׾ӣȴѱ÷ȻʮӴ
֡޷ǵĻ
Ծɳ񣬲δֱѵ˱ͣ£ʲͷɫԶ׼һ㶣ġŲһգˣ
㲻żѰ𣿡޷ͤһ£Ƴĺɰ⣬λ¹İɣ
ղЦˡһף
壬֮ΪأԵĶͷ޷ǵ˵𲻳գλ¹Ҳһˣ
ԣҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
޷ǲһ㶡
̾һԶͤɫһͬػˮ䲻䣬ȴҲ׽͸
䲻ף޷˵ţҲվߵԣֱȴҲֶ֪ԣҪ£Ӧ̱ܼ¹
⻰ü΢һΣתͷӭĿ⣬ʵ˵ʲô
ֻֻ֪ҪҲ£޷Ǵһ䣬е£ˣˣǲµˣװ֪顣
˵꣬˶٣ֵ֪ˣֵܷĹǣ


34 . ֵܣ
, ©֮¾֦ҡ
Ŵԣþ÷ŻԳƵһЦԭҶˡ
Ϊ˵
ҡͷ, ŵͳ˼֣ұ, ϱƽ׶Ľ顣ǳ, ֮࣬δػὫЩ·ϡ
ת, ޷ǣһǷ, ֣صһ, Ǹ
ˡ޷˳ƷչЦ, ûôǺڼ, Ҳûôҷǹܲɵ¡ķִ, ҵġֺ֮αشɳʵף
ȴֻЦЦ, õ, Ҳûʲô˵
˵⡣޷ǵ֪֮ʱͷʢҸʱ, ҲѦׯ, ۼʶһ½ķɡϧ, ûܵȵ, ѹ, վǴˡ
˶˵, Ѧ۽㽻º, ԭЩѣ˴֮䣬ϵá褲ɸпҲһ׮£ٲƽˡ
ЩǺ󻰡޷ǵǰʦҳһᣬ¼۽ɽׯӢۻ֮ˣλͣ¹𽻺áҳ£ҲǶʮǰλ´ͻҲպ꣬Ҳ˳Ӵ˷⽣ɽ
¹ճ£Īǡͫٿţѹָ״Ӳ񺭵ĪǴ±飿
Ͳ˵ˡ޷̯˵λ´ȷλңֻһֱǰ¶㷽˵ǰδἰ£ȻǱ˴˶֪ŮԼҲ棿
Ȼʹ̾ɸֻ˵ǹ֮ŮԵˣԵĶδἰ
⡮ͻֻ»˵޷˵ţأߵʯ£ԽԿţʹ±ǣôձʣмѭˡ
Ҳ˵ܲ¹򣬱ҵҼ֮Դͷбȼϣת˲ϨҡҡͷЩҲƶϣǳ¹ڼ˿ѵҲ٣
ЩɫζɱΡ濴ȴ뻼졣޷˼
£񣬱µ΢΢һ
δ֮£ֻ»١޷ɫ˵׷ȥֻΪܡɵи׼
褴ϸϸ˼Ƭ̣֣һͷ
ԣ֣Σ޷ǵЩҲ͸¶𶼲֪顣
µˣһʱȻ
λ̽ԾĹܼңͷͨ籨ţܶԸɺ֪顣һǰһΪ±ǣ㣬ֻ֪к档һ¶δ⣬ʣһˣһ·ߵƽ˳޷ǮĿأֱֱסֿζʲô
˵褻£ɫԽ
ǣввֻλ¹ﻹ٣в㡣޷ֱ˫Ŀһһ
⻰ͣһ˲ãڳһ·жһصȴԣҲȫ䣬ݵһ·ȷҲϹҡ
ԡ
һ㱾£ȷҲҡͷʵǰԣȴް١ĳ㽭δڹκ书ĸأЩУǽЩֶΣҲŸף񺭡
ʹǧѰ֮һܽҵģҲ֮٣֮һ
˵Ŷ˶٣ּЩۣܿó²򵥡书ٸߣظ״ǰ֣ҲشֻֻҪ֮ʱ˳ȡɻ˵ͨ
޷⻰ϸһ룬ͷ˵Ҳûܡ
褳Ĭã΢΢֣޷̧ƳҲ˼һţҲվ
һ£һֱݡ΢΢һ֣ʵһԵɡ
˵޷
ĳ׻½˵ţֻ˵ȥ褵Ҽʶǳ֪и֣ȴ֮⣬ֻһˡҲ֪Ѳ
޷򣺡Ҫɣ϶ϲɡ
Ŷ褲⣬ΪΣ
Ϊɣֿ֪ܲ޷˵ͬϵд赹ǳڳ硢¶߲˵ǶҲãҲգ൱㻹ҼꡣҪ㣬صüŽݣǳ˿˽Լ
һ˵ҡͷЦǱ·ˡ
Ҫڼѧ֮׻ǵÿԼ޷룬ҵѧ꽣ʱף֪ҲƤëʸָˣ
Ӣ۲۳褵⣬Ҳǿҡ
ſҡ޷һֵ˵Ŀɶ㿴ȻһѳֵĽûУ͸֪Щδ˶Լȱʦء
˵һʱ㵣ʵԭ𣿡
ָһ˵ϸ񡣵ץһ׷ͷʵڡ
ǿҶˡҡͷЦˣ˵طŵĻ֮ǰϸһ˿ڣһһǳƲʹǵǽܻ磬
޷꣬˵ͷֻһµĺۼ֮ߣɼһߡȼ˫УǱȻǽֻǿ²ͬ˿ڣˡ
ԣҪ£￪ʼ


35 . ¶б
ʱ, ȫҹ
ùＸһ㣬һ鶷Ʊ䡣һ, δµ, Ҳȥ
ϵı, Ȳƽմ浶ǹıԣΧһŴ, ԿΪȻʽ, ıҪȾơ
ӵ, ȾƣʲǾʤĺŮֻƱһյ, Ƶ֣ǰ, , ؽʦ㲻ڣҵҪ˭Ц󡣡
ǲɡܱ֤, һҲ𣿡վ֣ԵһԲ˵, һһʼնû˵仰ĸ꣬ղޱɱ, ʦܻû, ָ书ߵ, һǼӦս, ɵ, Լſˡ
Ǿѽ, ˭˭һһνСŮͷ, 
ƳԲһۣҡͷһԲָ·賤ֵΪĵӣչЩκηʦòտλϲûʲôµʦ֣űӲŵ
ǶİѴģԲָһʢƵİ״ɾƺһĺȣǵñȵʲôʱ򣿲һغϵңֱӺȵһΣ
ۣղޱİ𣬵ŲҼעˣ㲻ɣ
бҪ𣿡ԲɨΪΡ
˵ʦܣԲһִͷٺЦƽ̫͵ˣӲЩ£㿴ôʦֵܽþѵһأɨ˵⻰ƴʹɫ
ٷϻղޱһĥ䡣
Σֻϳ
ɱңղޱĿתеĿӣ治㣬˲Ҫʤ֮䣬ǲûˡ
ͷʳָڿһ֮Ϊ̶ͦղޱвУбӸ񵲣һ𣬽ббҲʲã·תӣһСԼĪ˶ʮУҲδʤ
ңһԿţʼղһȻղޱĿһƺѹס񴵱µĴУҡͷ̾һˡ
˭ˣԱߵŮ䣬ѽһһæŤͷȥȴƼղޱǸӾмѣž档
ˣԲȾƺȾƣ
⡭ղޱ˿ؿӣҡͷ̾һץƺȴ񴰴ס˸첲ˡ
ۣʦܣŴҵôϧ񣬲ðɣԲٴ塣
̫ࡣƳһۣԲмһսҲռĶıˡʦ㾫ͨʽ󷨣ǹභҲδǶ֡
£ȻӦ͵ƣһ𡣡ղޱ飬һץƺ𣬶źоˮĨһ죬´ɺùˣһ䣬ǲǵö̳Ӻȣ
˭ӮùʦܣԲղޱԼס
νСŮƳһۣ漴յңߣ㣬㷽ôʦģ
һУϵ˻óʹľϵģӭõĽƣаʤ㡣ң
ŮԲɤӣǰ䲻ܹ⿿˵óӮܶʲôã
ҪͬұȣңЦʡ
ǿɲ˼Բڰֵ⼸찡ô۸أ
@㲻Ҳǹ⿿˵𣿡ղޱԲбȰ
ղޱʦܻû³أ@˵Ϲʲô壿
ͬʦвͬ·ҲֿͬǵʽҪ֣ӦǳԿң˰ɡ
𰡣Ů첲ǽʦʦֵѣֶ@ţҲ˵ƲĶ֡
Ϊ𣿡ңݸ
ˡ@˵㻹˶ɣ
ʲô@˵˴˻ط˯һֲڻĽҰ롣λƽҲǷȥģ̱ܺˣ
˵ɣϣղޱͺʦܱȣ
ðɣҪҲָͬȣҺһʦ̵ģôʲô˼@˵
ɡңȥˣһ֧ӣ@ҾͬһУֻҪ㻹ȿӣұ䡣
˵ţָָһԵľ̳˵ˣһ̳
ɱڡ@гӣûȿʼȴ˳ȥ˭֪ǰȴһľƿջӰпҲӦ˳ȥֱֱǽڡ
عңĿӣλָһ֡
˲ԼͬŤͷǸǽľ꣬һƬȻ
⡭㲻ˣ@˵һû׼أ
𣿡ңЦʲŲȳֵ𣿡
ûûУֻѣ@˵ʽȽӦ𣿡
浶ǹıԲôղޱһ۵˭ÿӸ񣿡
˭˵ÿӾͲˣ@˵ţתңҪ浶ǹһУ̸ֽܱá
ôԣ㰡@δ䣬޷ǵ⴫
ʦ֣Ťͷ⣬ֻ޷ƿţС
һ綼ˣȴˣ@㶵ʦ֣ƽﲻǶͬǶƵ𣿡
Ҳƣʤ㡣޷䣬Ȼߵңԣӹӣд˸תһЦСֻɿ𡢴ţƤҪܵñӻ졣
ʦ֣ôҵӡ@þִ
ʲôӣ飬ο㣿޷ǲЦǰ򣬵ȥúôߣҲƥϲС
ǣղޱ@ݺݷ˸ۣƲƲԼ곤ָֻţҲԼʲôԡ
޷ûǳµļˣǣң֣ԼԣСͬ˵ˣл˵߰ɡ˵ţһͬ߳ȥ
㿴㿴Ůһղޱָָ˱ӰС˵Ҿ˵ʦִͬһ㣬û˵ɣ
ʲŻڶļŮ״ҲԼͬ˹һƳ⣬һСߴߴ
ҴǰΪͬʦϷأԭͱҲһϲ󷽵Ư
㶼ûղŴ@ӵʱﶼɱ
ǰ@̫ˣִ򡣡
ҿţͽûʲô𣬾ǻЩ˸Щ޷Сͱˣϲ⸱ԣֻ˸ƯȽ༸Ůζˡ
ȥȥȥ˼ٰҲǿ
һִ˲ƣţûһѷŵĲ춼Ժ󡣴ʱ˿̣޷ͬңߵ˺Ժԡ¹⣬ڻһĳ
֪ŻӦ㣬޷ҡͷЦǸ@ѿ֮죬Ұն˵ˡ
ģἸپʵˡңݸҲǰɽҲһֱޱӡͬЩƣֲȫ񣬺ܺദ
˵꣬ǰ˴գע˫ĿղųʱǼ˵Ļ𣿡
Ȼ޷ǵ˻ûԶ˵ô˭
Ҷüˣң΢Ϊᵽͽ㡭
÷ǬΪ֣Ǭָĵʦš޷ǵʦϲͽֻͬˣҽӺˬСʱҲû˭Ů֮Ծһ𣬲Ǳ͵ţִ߽
ң˵ЩԾͷ÷ȷĽǵȷСʮܣΪξûС
ΪСһ̫ϤŸܲŮ֮飬޷һֵҰ磬ҿãôܻб뷨
ԭˣңͷ
˵ˣ޷ǵȥҹ褣ʳЩ¡Ҿãλ񺭵Ĺ¹йء
ԽǴȥ¹լңȥô꣬𣿡
˵լԺѻ٣ο뿪˼£Ƕڰе֣ĨɱЩڻȥҲһ񡣵ȥʱ벻ĵطܲЩʲô޷ǵ£Ҳ֪οڣһˡ
ȥɡңȻûңҲ֪˭ûҪġ
ʲô뷨޷ʵ
롭аôǼҲ̫ˣң˼ʲô˵Էֻ֪Ƕ׷񺭵䣬ڣһǸպܶԸˣٰиţɱһֲ
޷ջȻ˵ͷҲСģµĵˣɲֹһ
ģзңЦ
޷ǵ˵ͷȴȻµЬĥ˺üߣʮƾɣ֣Ь̫ˣҴȥ˫µġ
ǮңһЩ㵡
ʲôЦ޷һߣһ˵ҼȻɽɴ˳ȻҪܺĳԴסУĻǮ
ôУң֮ǰǷһΣܲһֱ㡭ûüѻ˵꣬㱻һסᱧߵĻҲҭ˻ȥ
޷ͷһЬףѱòٱüһЦҿŮǾ棬书з֮աСȰɹѹءģպ㡣԰գô߳ȥ

ԣ
cpߣߵкڲŻῪչ


36 . 
ѹ, С캮ضʷ, 絹һձһճ
콵ѩ, ֽŵи, 쳣ĶࡣпΪܷѩҴ, Ҳŵ㵥죬һ, ӵ̿迾, ֱʣɢӦ
Сŵ, ֳ˿, С, ߿ȴ, һͷ, Ƴһ˫ŵ೤ѥĽſżվһС񡣡
껰ʣüĿö, ϸ, ֱΪǸ, һ, ͬߴ, üĿ, һģ, 󻹱һֻİ
Ͽ͹٣ǻȲġϲЦտӭȥŶ˽꣬ӲǴӱ߽߱ǽǵλҳһС£кСطҲȱò衣⡮ǹ裬С࣬ȥңλЪЪԵһ
һͷ¼ɢǮǶ𡣻ֺǺˣ߿ñŲöƮ
壿ͬ彣ӺʵҲ֪ʲô衣
ֻ·޷ǻӦѩ̫ˡůůӣȥ¼Ұɡ
һͷ»Ծӣ̾
ղŲ˵漮Ҳ壿޷ǴֿһĪǾΪˣ´ʶã
Ưܻỳݡ褵Щ׶ദǨӣʼδϡӱҲΪ˼֮顣
ƵǨ㣬һ㶼ûɹ⣿޷Ǻʵ
Ϊ˶ܳҡ
䣬ղƶ˺ǰ֮Уȴް㡣󣬻һˣϵΧҲǺæġ
λɣʾƸ˱Ц˵СëëţжλЦˡ͹˵Ҫǹ侵Ĺ裬ȥﱸµĴ˵Ĳ࣬ˣȲˡֻʣ۵񣬻ЩҪҪ
У޷ǵͷһЦ㡣
ϡ˵ţȥһԵƶһ£ȥȥ裬Ҫϡ
޷ǲһƳ뵽£к壬ܲһЩ¡
˵˵תۻأһվıѶһöһʱȻӴʹãҲ̫
£Ҿʣ͵ˣ˵¹֣
λɣϲ̵ǮһػʮǰͻˣҳȢӡ˵Ҳ֣˵ˣͷ÷⣬Ӧ½ǣʱȴΪ͵δţֻլ޸Ǳס
Ǻأ׷ʡ
ҲͰĹ򣬱ִҴˡʱ˶ŶӣҹӣҪ༱ж༱˵̲ס̾˿Щܽģ˵Ӣۣպգ˽ȴ֪˶ٳ𣬶ܣñȹ硣
˵⻰һ濴ҡͷ޻ʣ㼴ȥ޷ǳƬ̣ת褵¹Ǽ£
ҳʮһ³
Եϡ޷ǵûĸŮӻɵ޸һĲӣ˴æߣǶܳҡֻ
ʲô𣿡褲⡣
Ѱ֮ˣδ˼¹ַǸ֣α޷ǵҵ䣬ҪôնݳҪôв𣬲ػ֮õöࣿ
ػأüһǾ˵Ŀģ
ȥլӷ򣬵ҹҸᣬȥ޷˵߿褶в֮ɫʱ
ȹ˰ķѩͣˡЪŵġģҲɢȥ˶ÿͷӺԺߣȡŶϥѩֱĿڡ
¼լλس棬ƫƧʱڣ磬Ҳûˣ˵ҹѩҹĻ£һƬããڱ·ʱĸ䣬ܴܳһŹ
һӢšϱ˫£㽭ֵĴ棬Ҳʵꡣ
һۣ·˾ʱָ̬ǶʢĵУն£ǰǺĶʢ£ȴƽӹ޴档Ҳ֪֮һһ꣬˷ЩŹνϵţûй룿
Ƶĳĵͬ˻ԾһۣһǰһĬСԺ
еۡ޷ߵǰ־һֻӣǣȻһݽȥĺۼֻǾ˪ݲУȻƽ࣬ۼƲж
ǰ˿תš֨ѽһ鿪ŨصĳϢҲ֮Ǻֱԡ
޷תǰ鿴΢Ļ⣬ǿΡȴҳضǵѵļʲΣзҵľм
нֵĺۼֻһζĴҡ޷˫ֱۣ˼ȷʵʱԭ˶Ǩˡ
һˣӳ죬к£ü
޷ǻҡͷڰ֮УһӰһƳȴϮǸϸ룬ʣڵһ󷽲ſ֮ڡ
褼״һ˿˭
Ļʱ򡣡޷˵ţԺпյأΧһȦߺ˱Уֺαضزأ
䣬һӰ£ʷɢɫԺذѩӰӳ⣬ӰǸִ޵ŮĿɫɱ⡣
ϵ𣿡޷ǿ褡
ҡҡͷ
㲻֪˭Ůָ̧֣޷ǣҪɱ㡣
ǻʲô
޷˵⻰Ȼ£ŮԾػӱޣֱɨ̡
޷ݲһء褱ǰȴǿıƱˡ
Ůߵ¸㡣
˸Ӧ̽ͷһ㣬ֱָ޷䡣޷ſ壬ǳϸһ̣Ƭһ㣬¹·ɭԹ⡣
ŮʹޣԼĪһɶ೤߷裬󿪴ϼ䣬һžԽ
޷޴ͽȥⳤ̵ĳޣƤⶼҪá
ƳͥԺһڶľȻ⣬ԾȡŮֻҪӣݲ׷г޴һӡ޷Ǵһ
޹ԲֹһȦҲʧ޶սľһʱûջء
Ŵʱ޷Ȳһ㣬ԾһŮҼ硣
Ů״ҧޣֻú¡һ죬Ǹ޲סľ̶ѵ£ϷݶҲ̮֮
޷вԣƳһĻδⱻ׷ıˣֻ˳ǰһԶվѩȴŮıӺȻת˷򣬹褣̸ߺ
ȴǱɨֻáһѣ¶еı
ۼŮıҼϱסһкҲǳ޹ס˦˳ȥԲѩء
Ůһ̶ϡ룬ֽ޷ǣţ
޷üһ̷ӽŮǼ˸档һʱ֮䣬ѩӰ罻ۻҡ
ΪӲ˸գŮռƣȻ⡰½޷Уȴضһ˿֮
褿ףǰʹĽǵġ罣ӯƮɺ𣬲½ƫʽһһ̡һһնȽ
ԭνǫдʣֻƤëǵ˵ı£ǳС֣
ǱΪΡĳ޷һһʡǰѲݣΪģԶѰ޷ƽȡ߶ãб֣罣ӯ֮Ʒӵ˼¡
һޣκε
ŮƲԣתߡ޷Ǽ״콣ϱңһһѸݣŮӦһ򣬱ȥǰ̧ͷʱѶһƬ⡣
زʶ޳Թһ˵޷ǻǰƽʵ㾿ָܺɣ
Ů۲ԣɫһ䣬ŻһںѪ޷ʼδʱ֣ŮҲȥˤڵϣһҲ
޷Ǵ󾪣ǰ鿴ȴŮɫڣϢȫޣѷ
ˣǰﲻѡ
Ӧѵصɱ֡޷ǵʧֱܣֻһ
ǳģǳǣüͷ
ȿʲôһŮѣǲ㡣
褲ͷֻһӰ߽Ǹ൱ŮһϮѩȽǸ֡
ǡ
˵ңŮϷһһͭƣͷҲ̧ݸˡ
޷ǽӹͭƣһֱϱߺȻ֣
룿


37 . ܣ
룿ü, ʲôط
һ׼Ĵ̿ͣ˹Ӷ£ֻ˭ļ۸, Ƿƶ, Ӳڿ֮ڡ޷˵, 뵽ʲôת, ʲŶ˵ʲôһ㣿
Īǡ븸֮кι̾
֮ͬ, ӦǴΪң˵, ѹ˴̿ͣһСΪ
ʱ紵, ϸѩ, ƮƮҷҷ׹, մŮü䡣
ң˳ȥ̧ͷһƳҹ, ҡͷ˵̫ˡ, Щȥɡ
˵ŵͷֿһ۵Ůʬףü, ʮģ, ʵᡣ¶ϧ֮ɫ
Ůǰ, ɱ֮, δܳɹ, , , Ҳȷʵң̾һۣʬᱧǻլѰ˸޷֮͵ھ
޷Ǽ˾٣ǰ֣ȴüҡͷ˼֪Щʲô
һҲͬǻؿɡҹܲ¶⡣޷Ǵǽһң
ɶʱˣĻȵóͷңʬݣڻӦ
ǡ޷һʱɣл˵ȴ֪οڡ
ңһЦ綨סǲԶġ
Ŷ޷ͷ˼£һʱЩ
褴ƼԼŵǰʵλʵǡ
ҽңɡ뵱Щ£ҲЩԨԴ
һ̸֮䣬ںÿӶŮʬףȥѩ뿪
֮ǰ޷һȻǰסңӻͳңץһѷǮȴԥƬִ̣߳һţԼսʣµĶһԷŻңң
ָǮңЦһȥҪʱŻ壿
ʲôˣ˵ģ֣٣ġ޷ǰָ۽ңţԱʱ֮衣
ֱʱ׶˹ϵвԾ¶ۡ
ҹɫܵķҲХԽ˻صᣬѴȣƻϨ𣬺ڶģֻԼĽŲ
޷ǻ˿ͷʲŷǼ䴰ĥҲزϣҹ©粻˵ܷ˯žϥ붨Ϣһҹʱ¥ãȴ褶һĿԣһ㶣ô磿
̧ͷ˵㲻Ҳһ𣿡
û˯
һֱ£Ҳ˯ȡ褵ʧ٣֮Ϊʲô
ĩ֪ӹ̡ʱ𣬴Ժ󣬲Ӣۻ֮ˣ½ʧȥţƽ޹伣޷˼Ե֪֮䣬
֡üͷԣ֮£Ҳ̵ֱʣ
ҿɲ˵޷˫ֻۣǰ£˼ȷи֮ǵʣ࣬¾ۼо֮⡣
Щ˴ǰʲôΪλᱻ˳ħ̡
ɱᣬĴ°ӣԵǻץ˲ŮӺͯɽɵءʲô㲻֪ˡ
˵ȷ񼫡褳ʼδɢ
ˣһм㡣޷ǺȻڣ֪γƺ书֮ʱ͸¶֮£
ôͻȻ褲⡣
һˡ޷ǵӦǵӢۻǰ΢
һ˵ĸƺǳӢۻᣬһصȸƺʱʶѣǲ˵
ݻ赣֪֡褶˶٣ּ˵룬ѵ˴˵أҲԶ㲻⣬һͬȥһµЩۼ
޷ȻͷǴʡ
ڣ;мسǣ;úֵѩǾͽѰ˿齡
޷ǳӽϣϰ֮ҲסյϺҹδ˯ã˺ʵıطϢһ£أŽŲ㵽˿ǰķѩ
ʮδĲڻǻԭİÿÿձʣнʹ̣Ψбķ紵ţǿ侲
ѩԽԽ󣬽ֵϵҲԽԽ١滺ԴȴͻȻһȣι
ɻͷѭȥֻһݸѩУʵôߣ
ֻòֻһȻת֮ʣŲٿһȻʵȥ
䣬󾢷̻ͷȴһذףֱֱؿڣѲֻˣȴδⱻ̴
϶Žգ޿ˣһʹͷһǰȻذ׻ǧһ֮ʣһֻŰ׶ѥĽŸպȵ˿
˺󼸲վס̧ȴһӰӯӯأң
ǳ񺭣ĬȻ
㲻֪ңҲˣ
ΣذףһɱأҪ𣡡
أ˭ңһʱɻ󣬻δ䣬ĽѴһѲµ褣̧ȱһţֱתһǺܿâ
գ۹򣬶˱ѹʮУңޱУȴȻ߳࣬תŲڼ䣬ࡣȴɱۣĿ޵Ĺ⣬Ѿûһһʽþȫзɽ֮ơ
ңײಫ书֮ϣ಻ʧ˲غͷʵֻ˵һ룬еأʲôˣ
Ǻ
˵ţ˫սȫһɨһܾ粨һʱļˣòվ۲һΣػæλԾ
ǲ𣿡갴ңзһȻסš
һ񡣡۳Ѫ˿ֻҪɱǣҾͿԴ뿪ҲĹ˵꣬Ҳ֪һѳңǯƵ֣ͷ¡
ڤ粻顣ңһĽǰһʹȥպƼһöĴָѩء
̧ʱѼӰһŲɫװ֮һѴĽһƽ𣬷ݶһ·ݲ۶ȥ
վסңԥ׷
һ֮£˲Ϣ褼״㵣ǰ˿ʹһ˼תᣬֱ޷Ƿ⣬ţ֣ˣ
޷˯Ժ䲻죬Σðع齣ʵʲôˣ
˵⻰Ƽǰ˿ڣɴ˫ۣǡ
ˣ
޷һۣ˯ʱѣ˵꣬Ѷ·ȥ

ԣ
ǰĶηֵһ ĳһװxζ 
лôңװx׷ꡭ
ĸԺѪζкӣҪòɰõϷŮϲ


38 . 
ǽҰ, 紵ѩϯطһ죬ˮ, Ȼ˺, һ, ɭɭ档
Ųɫװͣ½Ų, һꡣ
걾һʱ⧲, ڵ, ͬһʱ̣ʹ, ŭҶ, ҵ»ֲܣ
ҶȻ˵, ͷҲأһǶ, ؿ, ֮⡣
˵׹أһŻһѪ
Լȥɱ㣿ҶҲһ, ̰Ů鳤, ֿԡ
Ц, γذĳ, Ȼδ, 㱻ɨһߵڵ, ذҲ, Զ
Ǻǡ겻ŭЦ̧һĨȥѪۣ
Ļֻ˵һ룬㰤ҶһţҲڹ£ת˸ȦڵϣӶݽ˺Ļѩ
Ҫ𣿡Ҷɫģ㻹һǴ
ûٻڣһˤ̫أǰ軨һƬ·ͷǶ˸׳죬ð˵֪˶ãżѼ֣㡢ǡ
ҶһƳԶȱѩظΪ㵱Ϊشе֣Ǳܳ׳ңֱЦ
Ҫܣ걩ף˻ߺţȴܿڻѩԽԽվɼˣԲͣáӿɲ㣡ΪһĸԸǷǰһ
֣Ҷɫ䣬Ļ׵ָ꣬һһ˵ʲô
˵귢Ц̧ԴֱԽɫһһٵ㣬ٷʹ㡣Ȼ
һķ̣ڸǰ˵۵ףκˡɱҶĵת۱üǰ
ȴڴʱһѩٿЮѩš
Ҷ˿һ̧ȴƳһĨѩӰ߽ң
ȱڡңһлҪʡ
㵽״Ҫ£ѩǰŭ
ҶٿȻңɫذףУµƣһƣֱȡ
֪ǳУΪ̽мУ˰֣ʽȻҶȴƿ˿벽һתһԽȻ෴Ϯ
ңʱܣȻס
˽֮ǸѱҶðˣҲһĹѳѩԾ𣬺ɨ̡
ңһʱܿҶĵȴѴֱ̳ȡġ
ǧһ֮ʣһնҶл׵һǺɨ֮ƣȥ
Ҷ΢һ㶣ȻĿȴֻЦһ㣿
ͬһʱ̣ң̧ȣһ߿͵Ϯꡣ޴£ȫδ飬겻̵ɳȥ͵ײһʯڵء
겻ˡҶյ鵭Įȴһ˿
»ͦң޷ȻصҸлл𣿡
˵⻰Ƴһ۵ص꣬˭
\Ϊ˽¡ɱҶ˵ţ㼴ᵶһѩȻʡµꡣ
ţңǰֹȴ޷һԣͷǡ
׷ˣԵĻɱҲʲ޷СٴοҶҪ޹ءڴˣֺ
԰գɷ˵ң֣תߡ
Ҷûᣬ༦Ƶū\Զ
֪ˣңԽɻ󣬼ȴͷ޷ֹͣ½Ųһѿס֣ԭأٲѻ˵Ҳ
ˣ޷һ˲Ƴ⣬̻æ͵ƿ㣬ֻǴˡҲա
һ٣ְͷֱۣ͵ǰʦȥѰһˣ˭֪˵ط֪ҲɱĿꡣ
ԣң˼ϵˣҶ
ǣ޷һͷֶգҲϣ˭δ֪ܵ֡ΪΣȴͻȻսʹȥ
Ǵ򲻹
֮ϡ޷ǳĿ⣬ĳãѿʱʢ׷ָ˵ȴˡ
вңü
书֮ϣҪʤѡ㲻ɱˣ㵶Ѫϵ֮ͽȫȻͬ浽֮ʱȻҪԿ
ټһ𣿡ң⡣
Ҫȷǰȫ֣޷ӣһһˣﻹи褡
ң˴ʲŻȻϻؿᣬѹ˻ƻ衣
С͵ȵ磬ڻҲЪ£Ψһ˵ڴ
һƼ˵Ӱӭһʵû°ɣղȥ˺δʲôݣ
֮ͬǰλһ޷ǵ
ǰһ·ƽ˳δйϮȴǽӶָɫвĴΣգ
ˣңȻ˵Ǹ\ղһ仰ƺǰҵ˳¹Ϊʲô˵
ĪǣǲֹҪɱңҪɱ񺭣ͫ׼һô˵ѾˣĶ
ȱ𼱣»Ρң˼ֻǶˣȥ·ϱɶˡܲôİɣڲǵ¡
ǰǸŮӣҪɱҡ޷˼һɱˣַ쵱ĸ֣Ƿܡ
ǵҪΡĿֻ̾Ҫαڡ£Ҿ㲻֪飬ػĥΪʲô
Ͳ֪ˣΣȻؽЩָסݣǸȥɡ
һͷֻ̾ˡ
㻹ˣϢ޷˵꣬ңתæס㶼дҲڰмˡеǰҷɢ£Σաסɡ
ʱˣȥһҪһ䷿
ȥҷ˯޷˵ţɫˣæһָ褣͵ͬסһ䡣Ҳҹд̣Ӧ
˵꣬ת褣ֿ

ԣ
޷ǵǰѪ꣬ȶΪ˱ŮżģϵĻꡣ
洿࣬ҲռŮˡ
ڲʲôģʶǣʱ΢һ㣬չرˣұȽϲò׶û׹סһֱˣå
44£ʮ¡
Ȳѿֱ129


39 . ǰ;
ҹɫ޷ʰö褷, ǡÿµմѪˮɴ۵룬
Ǹ\Ҳ֡Σ޷һ, һʵ
, ɱҲ⡣褻ͳ, ֣Ǹˡ
ɫ, ˵⻰̾˿Ҳȥ, ˱, ߹˽٣, ֽӦԣ
򲻴޷ǵ, Ҫ󾫽, һʱҲѼЧѧ˽, ҲѰ·, ٰһλʦѧһŹ
ǣҲ֪Ǻˡ̾ϢҼ, ֪Ƿѧ, ȴҴܼ, ҵ, ͷʼ, ֺѡ
ԼĪꡣ˻ʵͻȻ, ޷һʱҲûӦ, 귽ʣôͻȻ˵
ѹ֣ҡͷЦܼǱ˴ô
ǡл޷֮⣬һЦ
ʶδã¸г嶯ûĬ˶ó褸п˵ᣬֻĽˡõŮӣϵѰܳþãγǼѻ
㼪ԡ޷Ǵ΢ЦЦ˵ô࣬ǲ¹ˡ
褺Ȼף̾˿
뿪һ㣬˵죬Ͱһˡ޷ԿοϾƿš
ô꣬ϰߡ褵ͻȻȥƺԼˡ
޷ԣ˼
˳ߣһ硯ƽϺ£Ҳҡ·֮ǰױѿʼΪǳﱸ¡
ɫȻһлΪУƫƫʲôˡֱڣҲŷ֣Լܡ
̣ԷƱ޷ǵʦ㲩ʦ˻ȥҿ԰ʦкʵȥ
ϰǳ֮£һͣ㵽׻мѧԨԴ츳ڣʵȻ
Ҫ鷳㣿ֱӣسһ·;һУƽȫȴĲȡƼˮ꣬˵ֻΪӢʵڡ
ִɷģи֮޷չһЦ䣬ȴ죬ң޷ǣ˯𣿡
û޷һң۱첽ȥűߣţңվ⣬һصģæʣôô˻ûϢ
Щ벻ףң˵˵𡣡
֮á޷Ǵһ̿żʹ˸ɫͷ߳⣬ͬңȣ¥ǰվʵΪ˰֮£
ңһҡͷ̨ףӰ밵޷Ǽ̸ϣȴΪ֮ģΪ˰ң
ǰɡ޷ǵҲȫǡ
ңɻͷɻӸպײߡ
ҵһ·׷飬ŵɽ¡֮䣬Щ޷Ǽޱߴһҷһ
ǰон΢΢һƫͷܿעӡ
ûô뾡ܣǣ˳ҲΪԼֻǣܰЩ飬ѹϣҲ᲻
˵ң͵һ£뿪أһֱЩ﷢¡ܾǰ棬˴ңõ̫ͻȻҲ֪ܹЩʲôƽЩ
޷ŲΣ£ԿЩʵǾãԼ𣿡
ң˵£ֺ̧ۣܿͷ
ǰЩôΪϣֻе㣬Լ
ѻѹüͣỺ紺Ƣ㿴ҲʶãһұǼǹҡңңֹһأƲЩҲ㣬ֻĺ𣿡
ңһЦ̧һͷʵܻ˿ġЩˣ
뵽˵ˣҲûʲô岻ġ޷һʼ磬ùϵĵƣ۵ȼ΢谵ӰӣҲǰŮУһĨ
Ҵδúÿ֪֮󣬸֪ԼＸңݸһЦһͷ˵Ǵӽ󣬺ƴɽӣҿˡ
޷ԣһЦ̻ӵң಻ĿУ΢Ц

ԣ
ĿǰĽȵˣ̨΢䣬ҪǰЩ̨д̫ˡ


40 . ѩҹŹ
϶ѩҹ, 
¼ŵƫƧСֻһյӻŵơ
Ҷ廨ī\ڵϣƿǰȳ¾ɱصľš
Хĺ˳Ŵ󿪵ȹյʱ, ݴһŮӿ޺ɱǧ, 㻹֪
\һ, ͵һ¡
Ҷޱ飬\Ͻ, عϴš
ʲôɱڣ\ɫҰס
ɱڣڡҶڵ, תߵŷ⡣
\⵽, ƾɵϣһѳصĴ, Կ, Ҷ, һһ㣬š
ɻ, ȥ, ˼΢΢һΣһ˻𣬲忪ǡ
Ƿ֮أҪ, ǻ׵һ, æŲ˹ȥ, ҽĥ֮, һһ, ɿ, , ȴŮ˵Ŀ
ʵڰ಻ס棬ߵűߣƿһ죬ȥֻһľӣ϶õķʢˣȴһû
ҶһվľԽǵǽ£һͷɢŮ˿ҧ
Ů˵ͷѾȫˣü۽ҲвƣȻЩͣۿն񣬶Ҷ̬ȴ쳣׺ݣץֲɷ˵ҧ£һѪݷһεڵϡ
\Ŵ˾ɵɴ˫ۡ
ҹˣЩϢɡҶŮ˵
Ů˶ĻᣬǼ˺ҧ֡
\Լ̡һ漴ƼŮ̧ͷϺݺһڣ³һŹѪİ⡣
˻\ٸһ񺮡
Ůٴμһȴûдˣ˵ڵϣҽſ޺
Ҷƺһϰߣɫߵűߣ\ŵš
\һЩˤڵء
ҲΪ⶯Ů˺Ȼ˹
ʮֹŹ֣ǶڶŻ͵ʳ󣬼ţһ˿׺ݡ
\˺һҪʲô
Ůӣ˹
\ûüҶһŮ˾󣬽ڵء
ľګؿҶŮ˱𣬰ľϣʰһ£ʳȥϴãһߵ϶԰˿ڵҶʵ
㲻ʹ𣿡ҶƤҲ̧һʡ
׼ʵˡ\к£ôģ
һҶͷа˿ڣ÷·Ѱ
һ\Цҿû˷񲡣
һΪԡҶȻ˵ţ˿ڣ
\һΣ
ҶԣжһŶ̼㣬ǰ
\һһɱҵ
޳ɱأд뵽˸õ⡣ҶһˣȥһɵҲ¶ˡ
ѹ֡ѹػԸ⡭\۽Ƿ죬ɺַܿӦ㣬
ٿ
\֪ϸ鿴ֽ㣬ŷ½ƹĽۡ
ո˸ȥ\Ц㣬ε𣿡
ңὫԸΪ֪֮µЦ£˾֪ҶЦһ˵
㲻֪\˵ţһ˺ڵϡ
ҶƲ̹ۣ΢΢һϣ˴д̣ܺίУõˣ
ô֪\ʶãȴʰ˷ŶڵϵĵʱһҲ֪˭֪ҪɱģҲֹǸõӣһġ
ҶҲõˣ
ֻ˵ίð¡\˵˵ˣиг񺭵Ů˳ӣһɱˣҪڡ
ʲô˶ɱҶ˵ţµȴȻüʧܣûɱȥ
\ҡͷζֻһ롣ǹ²ɣѰ˺ġ
ֶΡҶɫһ֪Ҫɱˣһݡ
\ɻ
£겻ʶ֮ȴܻһɺϡҶĬƬ̣ȻЦ˼
˵ʲô\ֻĪ
𣿡Ҷʡ
Ȼ롣\ĺü˼֣һҪ𣡡
ô𣿡
㶼ҳ˭ȻҪ\˵һ룬ҧҡôɱ˷
ʱҶһߵǰҪסͷ͵Ķ
\ԣȻ̧ۣ߽㣬·ʶ£һҧ
һĲҽУ쳹СϿգþƲ
ѩδЪ·ϣƼҲԽԽ١
ѩǵɽ֣ûпԷҲûвʳҰޣֻйűѩ֦ڷҡҡλΣʱʱһĨ˪
Ҷһֻĺӣڰɽߵһʯǰ
常ʯţ˵ҡ
أһʯű㷢¡¡죬ǰ
ڴ򿪵ʯź󷽣һźɫߵ˻ת
Ҷǰĺӷڵϣ򿪺иǣֻһ˵ĸ첲ȻӲ
Ϣͨߵӵҵ˻ûѰɱˡ
ⲻ常ҵ𣿡Ҷܰõ£鷳ˡ
ȻףƳһװŸ첲ĺӣ֤ǫ\ı۰򣿡
ܡҶֱ˵ҲԲš
ԣƬ̳ĬȻͷЦãͳⷬ常㡣
΢£һ˫ӥ۵ףʲôһЦصıڣý΢΢д
Ҷ΢Цȴ
ܺã֪˶ãʲſڣ⣬ˣܺá

Ҫһ۰ãˣι
ⶫˡٴαȥ
ҶӣȴȻеһ󾢷缲Ȼȴֻվԭأ·Ȼָʺ
ʱţʺ֣ȴ˿ûɿ˼ԽԽֱǰ軨Ϣ˿
֮ˮһĿһ㣬׷ӿǺ
ҶȻڵأźԡ
ȴѱ
ȥɣ¶죬Ҳĵöࡣ

ԣ
ĿǰĽȵˣ̨΢䣬ҪǰЩ̨д̫ˡ


41 . 쳾
صĶƮѩȴͬ
β, ķҲųʪĺȴδѩ
һ, ﺮӵ, ԭؽί, Ҫһȥݡ
Ǹ׳ֵģ, ˵ȴ¡
׳ﺮ˵ҪίеĶ¾ڳһլ, Ҫȥȡ
ﺮ⻰, йǻղޱ, ϼһͬǰȥ, ȵ׳˵լ, ŷ߰ŵģȻһڹײģ
Ҫ͵Ķﺮ˵, ղޱʹ˸ɫ
ڵӵ, һӵϣһб׳ƷѺڵϡ
ҾǸɱģ׳񣬴, ˡҰµġ
£ﺮɫ, , ֻһˡ
գ׳߶µ, и, һǮ, ȥ
Ŷɿ˳ʲôģﺮޱʵ
, Ǵϵģ˭֪ʲô˰׳żȥʣҼҾǰ߲Զ͵ˡҵֻǸɱģ
ôŮ֪ɣղޱʵ
ǵˡŽҡעõЩ׳ÿҪ޳
ޱﺮɣǼһˣȷݱȥ޷ǣʱܻ
ǡղޱͷҲķԸѺ뿪
ﺮתߵľԣƴƿ׸ǣͬʱ˿һ
Ȼ̧һв޻ذһ˫ĿյĻŮ
ﺮ̽Ϣţ̽̽ţһ˼λ
Ůתѣ˫Ƽˣ¶֣һȥľһǣ̿ﺮ

˭ΪҪץң
𼱡ﺮһڣûýͣŮг

£ﺮ˵ֻһᣬ˶Ѿˡ
ƾʲô㣿Ůҡͷ㲻Ҫҡ
⡭ﺮţίĻҪľȥݣݣйء
ֻû뵽С֮أȫ޷ͨһʱ֮䣬ֻ̾˿˵һԣղޱת
ǡڴʱ⴫һʦ
޷ǵ
ﺮͷһֻۣƼԼСͽżСܽӡ
޷վȽŲƼŮһ㶣ʵ˭
㼸ʱģﺮʵ
ǰųţҺű㵽ˡ޷ʵʵ˵ίͶȥݣ͸
㿴ޱ𣿡ﺮʡ
ˡ˵ҪңҾȻȥˡ޷ǵͷ
ӿһͬǰﺮ
⡣޷ǿһڹײŮŻȻ򣬡˵ȥ԰գתš
˼ûüǰʻ褵ļ򣬵ȥλǲĳ¹
˵ʲô褴󾪡
ܿعڡң޷һۣҲݡ
ڹľŮһ褣վӯ۵ᣬ磿
־ϲ۵ת˲˺죬Ө˸첽ǰȥ񺭴б˳
˫أ̱У̧ͷʱȻ档
޷Ŵ˾΢΢ͷһ漴Ťͷﺮʵʦ⵽ô£
ȥ˵ɡﺮ̾˿ǰӣ˵ز˾ĻǵȻȥ˵ɡ
褻Сʵ硭ǡǶʲôˣ
ѣ¡˵꣬§ֽ˼֡
Ǿ߰ɡ޷ŷһͷȵﺮһһţңָȥ
㲻ùŹ𣿡ңɻѣС޷ǵʲô˰͹ģɱĴ̿ڱٿأΪҪ˳񺭣
˵׼޷һ˼յߣС˵Ҫɱǵˣ⻹һн飬Ҳڰаǡǲ뱩¶ݣӣѳ¹ͻ
Ȼػ̹ΪҪڰңȻ²⡣
ҶǺ˵˵̫ࡣ޷ǣң֣Ȼȥɡ
һ˻صãڴ¡պǼȥ׳ݵĵҲصڣ
Ǹ׳Ȼֻǽһͨ£޳롣
ﺮǲ˵дţ֮µǰϤԼ˵
󣬴ʧɫ褣⡭һ룬ΪͻȻô䣬ҵ˯˶ã
˯ңüһʵ˵Щӳ¹һֱڳ˯ʲô֪𣿡
⻰ͷ˿ҧ촽˵ͷ
ô£һ㶼û޷Ǽ㣬˼
ʲô£ãȻʵ
ײˡȻȫ£ֻʣҶˡ
ʲô񺭻Ȼʲôˣ
̧ɫˣͻȻʧ٣ǰȥѰ㣬⡭
ôء죬ˮ£ҲصϣƺƳ
ĿǱڵÿһ
¹ﻹڰﺮĿ䣬£ҲΪ꣬û֪Щڡ
ȻЩôҵҸףҡͷԽ⡣
ⶼ˺üˣ¹˯ôãӦңȱЩ£ȥϴ㣬Щɡ˼ϸ壬⵽˳Բ԰׵ɫ㼴˵
˵òϢɡͷԸȥ¹ﰲסﺮ˵ֿ˿޷ǣǶ¹ʧɢ£кܶ໰Ҫ˵⻹ȱ֣һɡ˵ţֿһң
޷̻⣬ңʹ˸ɫһﺮ߳һСڵͥԺͣ¡
ﺮ˫ָ΢΢ףƳһ۴漴̾˿衢˵»⣬ҿ򵥡
ҲòԾ𣿡ңʵ
ﺮһס


42 . ɶ˲
޷ǳ, ˵˾˳񺭣ҵ࣬͸йص, Ǹ, ֪ίŮ޷ǵ
ﺮü΢ǡѴﵽĿġ
, ޷ҡͷɫ˵, ҺѰʱֹһ׷ɱȻ, һҪնݳſϰݡ
Ŷﺮһ˼, ǿɲ鵽ʲô
޷ҡҡͷ, һ̯
ҵ, Щ޹ؽҪ, ˶áңӹ磬
֮ܶ, СΪϡﺮ, ң㽭ǳĪ˵ĵ
ң˵ͷﺮתԶӰʧڳȾͷ, Ȼת, ס޷ǵ, ֱ˫Ŀ, мҵø㡣
£޷ʶһ۱ס, Ȼ١
ڿϢʱ, \ɱ褡֮, ʹһ仰ң
ʲô޷۽Ծɿ֡
ǲǳ񺭡
޷üһ
룬ûпܣԼߵģңգգۣʵȻ\Ϊλôأ
޷⻰ɫԽأãʦ֪٣ǰܿߡ룬λ¹ﲻ򵥡
˵꣬ĬƬ̣̾˿ҴӦ褣¡ֻܿԼôˡ
㲻Σ𣿡
ⶼ쵽ˣ˶ӣҵúܡ޷˼Ƭ̣ȥʾʦܲܰ£ٻؿסҲܼʱ
ȥɣҲȥ¹Щʣ˹Ǻõġ
޷ȻͷԺзֿһȥﺮͷһԺȥԡרŵãǶĵ䣬ԺһԺӣһԺŮӡ
ңûߵãԺղޱղޱֶһֻỤ̊˸ƻſһڣ㿴ң㶵ң㣬ôˣ
ҾңһеҪø¹𣿡
ղޱͷսȥãѸȥء
ȥͰɡ
úúãұߵ䡣ղޱæ̽ңһȥҵԵģˡ԰գתܿ
ңЦЦղޱתǰš
˭ﴫ񺭾
ңңңޱ׼˻ϴѣ
ڵ˲δ̻ػģǡͨˮ
˺һң񺭿ڡ
ɡ
ңһԲƿ˽ȥ󣬲ƵƳһ磬ֻԡͰһ࣬ȫˮУֻԴ¶ͷһ˫
ҷˣߡңɫתżֺϷšǰ߳ԼĶأűߣ͸϶ڿֻ񺭻ֱӣ첲Ҳ¶ˮ档
ǱýϾ˫ۣȻ˴СС˰̡
ңȨʲôûֱת뿪
ʱ򣬼ͬң޷һûһͬģӶǳ˺۵ĸ첲ϸ룬ǰĵʣʲôҲû˵
褼һصģΪΪԼͬ񺭵Եʵ䣬㼴ʵл˵
ңѣ⻰㶡޷Ǽ״ΧȴԼ˿ڡ
ûʲôңƳ𴦣ǿѹ飬ֻǿ¹뵽ԼҲƯ֮꣬пˡ
Ҽǵ޷һλƵŮ褵ΪλԵ¸Ȥ
ʵ޷ǵЩһֱ׷һЩ£Եɺϣͨһöӡҵ
ң⻰ʱ⣬ͳöѪʯķӡµġ
޷΢΢һЦӡ·ϡ
ùӡ¿һۣ£Ӧǳʿ֮֡
ʿңһ㶡
˵λŮȥѧ£Գӡһڶ褵
磬˵常ö£ǳͬһ֣֮ѹ褵䣬öӡ£
褵˵ͷһ˼ӻͳһöķӡݸ޷ǡ޷ǽӹӡ£һֻӡϿšȥ֡
Ħʲʫȵóޣססӳ˹գȥң
ǰɣ褵׿öӡ£˵Լ꿴ۣŴˡ
񺭿˿ȻĿһ˻ȥ
Ի⣬⾡޻ᴦ޷˼λʿ΢ӦͬһˡӡģӦͨö´ʲôϢֻʱδ
˵Ҳʮǰһսң
޷ǿ˿һ˼⣬Գʵˣ¹֪Լ
ͬ˵ˣ˵Ҹ׵֣Ӧǽ¹ҧҧ۳·ȥӱܡ
ϧѲЩϣ֪ࡣ޷Ǹп
ң˿ֿ˿񺭣Ŀ㯣һ㣬ü
ȥͳ񺭻طЪϢң޷Ż˸ڿõ԰
ң޷ڼɽԵʯ£֣㻻񺭣ʹΣ
ȻǼѰ䣬Ϊ𡣡ңǽۣ
֪˭书Զֻô޷ʡ
ɱĸ֮𣬲ͨκֶΣҶҪĿġң
ã¹֮£ȫ޺棿޷ǵ
ǵ棬޳ˡңһ˯գӦʮȴ档
˵꣬üһߵʯԣյ޷ǸǰʵǼˣܿôɵ㣬Ϊȴ
ʮ棬ȫȻδ˵ѿüǼ룬磬˴˵ĺ
޷ԾסƬ̺عʶܿĿ⣬𴦿ȥ
ʲôңɻ
ûʲô޷ڱǣɤӣ£ԣԹ塣÷ֵģв


43 . һҹ
ؽ, µӣмҵĶ˼й꣬ʣµĶױ㱻Ĺ¶, 罫⵱Լļ, ⴫ͳѽ, ׷ͬʦð
޷ʱ᷵ݼУֻǽլԺ, ˽ꡣǡþǰգӵܼҼ, ˵Ѱٺһ, 㳹׷
ڽסЩӣЩ, 褼, Ⱥղޱȥҵö, Ҳͷ˽䱸
إգ޷һ㱻ﺮȥæ, ʱ, ڿͷǰԺʱǡһվԺǿ£Զһ㡣
޷, 㼴ǰ, к, ʲôأ
褻ع, ͷ, ҡͷЦûʲô, ֻͻȻ, ʱ򣬸׶ߣ£Ҳæµ֡
飬⡣޷˵꣬ۻһȦʵôû¹
һ磬չ㺰ȥˡ褵
ѹֽһֱûң޷˵ţҲ¿ȥߣ
á褵ͷ
߳ţŹٵмȥ褿˿ͷˣЦЩһֱ游׶ߣȴδϡ˵ϴãʤգǿϧʱԣûܿõķ羰
ס£ȵ꿪ܿˡ޷ǵ𣿡
ǰҲңδ㡣Ҷ˵徿Ǻ˺˸ףȴֲã׷ȥΣա˵ţ˶٣ּ˵ĵûҲȷģ˾ôȥ
Ѱʦ֮£ʹʦˣָ·
Ŷǰһ
ʦ˵λѽΤһ費ھ硢֮£ֻϰ䲻ΪֻΪ飬Ƶλˡ޷ǵʦ˼Ը⣬óǰȥݷãΪͽ㽣
ǣλΤǰϲʲôʵ
⵹òġǸˣ㲻Щֻ̳þƣٴǰѱ󷽷ǡ޷ǵ
˵ѱΪ
Ҳô˵޷ǵеӢϧӢۣʦ˵Τǰþϧţ˱ΣȻ½ʹ˥䣬˵Ӧ㡣޷ǵѧͬ÷֮ͬѧĽϰ½ףá
ˣĳм褹ֵл鷳ǣ˴飬治֪²ܻϡ
ֻûһƲ£ͱôˡ޷չյ
䣬ȴײһ£ǻͷһۣȴһкһˤڵϡ
ѣ޷ǿǺӵæ˷
СҲ֣վԼƨɣͷ˼ͷԲ𡭡硭
ʶģƼ˾ʵ
ַĺӡ޷ЦЦתСûˤ۰ɣôżҪȥأ
С˿ͷ˵иүүһڣһС͸Ҳȥ
ǾͿȥɡ޷ЦЦúÿ·ˤˡ
С⻰һ̱Զˡ
޷ǻͷһǺӵıӰҡͷЦЦ
ôĺӣ˷Լȥ棿褺ʵ
ǽַֻҪ̫ԶĶˡ޷ЦôʱԺˮ˸̣뿴ܲܰѾˮըҵ֪ˣûҴǳȥЩԼˡ
⻰ҡͷЦʮ꣬պȻģɼһֱޣҲûķӣȥ˺ö̻Ժţ֮ĺü죬ľˮʯζ
ѹֺãԭ޷ǻһ룬Ȼ뵽£һƵƽмм̻ӣΪˣÿһڱںӱ߷̻һҴȥû׼ңǡ
ô֪ģһ㶣
Ǳм֣ʲôУޱĴ棬ػ£ᾭ޷Ǵ΢Цģѵ㲻¹𣿡
㰡ҡͷЦЦٶ˵ʲô
˵Цӵ˳űʱʱűڵҴڵĺͯ죬Цڶѵõİݹ⾰
Ƴϣзǵûб壬ЩԵ¹˺ͮͮĵůǡ
ղޱһųǰߣڶԶңͬһνСŮһ˵Цعš
㰡ңȻᵽһϢ֪ͣһ̯֬ǰһܽ࣬յǼš
۹⣬ܽػζ࣬ڵġСˣһԵŮȴסһ
㣬ԭҲϲ֬ˮ۰Ů˵һΪͬޱʦһֻ赶Ūǹأ
ԭסĵطʲôҲûСңһѡ࣬һЦֻҪǻζҶϲ
Ҳʯ骻𣿡Ůüһ
ǸУңæ֣ŵúܣζ
ҾͷˡŮһ渧ؿڣһ˵
ӧղޱͣڲԶǻ̯ǰңԵŮֵҪҪ
㣬ǻӧң࣬ղޱڵķСܹȥ
ȵǰǸźӵٸǻղޱȴȥŻҲת̣Сϰ壬ܲܲת˶ӼǮһġ
вУСֵ˶ԼתģҶһģ˼Ҽô죿ܲܰת̵ɣ
ǲתʲôֻʲôң˿תʮͬͼָһֻСӣҪתǿ𣿡
ǲôСˣҲռǱˣÿ˶תһΣģҸǶһ
Ǻã˵ղޱ˵һָ룬˭֪תȦԺָ뻹ͣǸСϡ
⡭ղޱһĴȵԣ
ҡ㰡ЦЦĻתһѣָ֮ͣתֻˡ
ǲǲתˣӧϲЦտϰ壬Ӧõѽ
Сһֵ̯ðɣǾ͡
ѾѡǷˣôתΣ𣿡ңɽûǻת̣һʱģһָ룬˭֪ҲͬղޱһƫָǸСӡ
Сһ֣ˣȻӦˣҸһ˻һֻˡ˵ţҨһ׽ɫѿǡ
ղޱ翴⻭Ḷ́Ĵ˭֪һ۱ƼӲȺ޷褶ˣִк
޷ʳָڴߣ˸ƣֻñ졣
ߵСѾֻˣһֻ˳񺭣ڶֻպõݵңǰ
ңӹǻһͷȴһֻһѻɫִͷ˹쵽ǰ
̻ͷÿ޷Ц󣬲ϲôҲˣʲô𣿡
Ȼǣ޷ͳһͭǮ̯λϣ漴֣
ղޱ˶һۣҡҡͷСֻˣֵָָӧת񺭡
һֻˣߵ񺭸ǰݸǰЩӣҵ˳常Ļ񣬸ղ·˵̯ӣһСͲ˫ףϸҲѲ룬ţҲܺЩ
ӹʱЩԥ˵Щв֪ӯ⣬һӱ˵Ļ
ղޱ̾˿ԶֻüֵķǻҲûζǮҲˣҲˣֻܽ˹ͬһԵӧһ˴һʲô˼
ӧƲ죬ҡҡͷôأ˭ҵˣʦѽü¹֣ǧǣ򻹲֪˭ء
ҶࣿߣղޱһҧǻԴҲŲҪͬ˹ҹУߴߴģ鷳ˡ
ǣӧЦ֣ǽһ棬ǡ˵꣬ͬڼй

ԣ
סڶղޱ仰ڵġ


44 . 
ǻ, ̯λķ򣬻ꡣ
һǶε@һ˫ֻ, е񴡣
@, ۸ֵ, ôţȴϰ䣬ͬŵŮӶϲ, ͬõеӣʱѻؼҹȥ, ֻʣһ, Ӳϳ
˲δŶСںͷҴܵ@, ҡͷȻʲô, Ϊÿһ̯, Ҫּۻۣ
㶮ʲôһܼأ@˵꣬յһ̯ǰ
ÿ, Ŀתǰ, ȴպƳղޱӧߵһǺ«̯ǰ㶵ղޱ
˭ղޱ@һ֣æקĸ첲Ҫ, ߿ߡѾͷһɷ, Ůˡ
Լȥɡ, 
ʦ֣@۾
ǰɣĿ¶ġ
ƨ@, ֻ۾ǡǣ˭˵, Ťͷ, Ƽӧ, ˿
ԭʦá@ЦмֵɵζüŤӭǰɰ
Ӵ硣ղޱ˵ţݺһۣȥ
ôⰡ
䣬@ֵ̯أ
䣬㲻һղޱӧĸ첲Ȼôˣ͸֪ù·ɡ
ʲô˼@á
ûʲô˼ղޱ̫ˣ㻹վôҵ·ˡ
@ָһԸո߹ȥĸŮû·ôȥģ
˭ѽôûղޱŰۣѽ˻鷳
ղޱҿɻ꣬@ô
ѽֻĹڳĹŶűأղޱŲæŹֵǻҶ֪ģ
㡭@ð̣ͷƳһ񴣬ʾ⣬ǻ
˭֪ȴɫק죬һק
лʦܡղޱЦ˵꣬㼴ӧǰ߿
㡭@Բۡ
ҡҡͷ˵ˡ㾶߿@Ҳֻö˶ţ첽׷ϡ
ϵﲻ
޷ǣңϣһ֮ǰ̯ҵ̻ǰղϵ»·áҽȥպ
˵꣬ʳָĴָһ֧ͳ۴ȼ̻һˡֻ̻ȼһ˺شܳ𻨣ըһſƵĹ⣬紵ɢں棬Ϩ
Ưң¶ϲЦ֧̻»ζŻĲӰת˲ţǹ⽦䣬ӡ
޷ǲűʯ۵Ӱӳ̻ӰĹâǲԾһ˿΢Ц
ûˡңϨ̻ӵݸŷǻʣµЩ̻˹޷Ǽģֻɰ㽫ʣµİֻǻ˹ȥ
̫ˣңһû۵̻һ˵֪ҪǸˡ
޷ЦЦ˿ʣµİֻˣ㼴ҧһڡңǡŤͷ㶡
ʣô࣬Զ˷ѡ޷¿еѿǣ͵
ң죬̻ըˮ棬𵱳Լ̫ˮУΪʱ
룬漴ʵ㣬ڹգͬηǳȥκӦ֪һˮôôܳң
㲻δ𣿡޷Ц
ֲɵϴҲӦңô񡭡Ԥ֪һΣһ𼱻ȥң
ʱûôࡣ޷һǻԾЦȥˣûȥĴΣˡ
֪Ҳңװϲؿᴸһ¡޷ȴⲻ𣬷ؿڱһȭλãװʹĵ顣
ûƭңңЦǰһѽԣشңʱͬҲûʲôϵôںҵİΣ
Ҫ𣿡޷Ц㲻ǶѾӦˣ
£ңƲƲ죬ƿܶҿĵķϣ¾ˡ
ʲô¾ˣ޷Цʡ
ңʳָԼ촽ˮû
Ϊ˾㰡޷ǲЦҡҡͷ¶ЩΡ
һûҡң˵ţһġ
޷ǲ˫ۡ
ΪǺߣȴٶ
δ׽̻ȫ޽Ťֱ̬̹֮ӣһ㶡
޷Ǻܿعӵ뻳УͷĴ
ŮĴϣѿ˿˿Ϣ
ʱšಡһԶըһڡ̻֮գһһҹյ
ͬʱںӰߵ񺭶ˣҲ̻
ʹǰһ̧ͷѤõ̻𣬸п˵ֻҪϦ죬Żдʢ
硭У̧硭һҲߣô
˵ʲôɵӵܷʲô£Ҷ뿪㡣
ƭ㣿
⻰ʱͻȻûĻʵղ˵ʲô
ҡҡҡͷһ˵ˡ


45 . ຣԶޱ
̻ɢ, ʱ롣
޷ңһС̻ǣʯ, źӰ·, һ, һ˵ȹ˳Ϧʦȥϼɽʦѧ, ͷ£һˡ
ûʹ, ʿ飿ңʵ
ʦ˵, ȷ˵ôһˡ޷ǵҲ֪ľ䡣
һ, ֻصԭˣң΢΢ü, ꡣ
ҲȻ, ޷ǵܾ, ȥɽһ˿ʼ, ֮£
˵㻹ǲǵݾȹǸΪŹֵĹңʵ
޷һͷ
Ҹղź񿴼ˡң
ʲô޷ǽŲһ͡
ֻһζ, ҿˡңҡҡͷ, 
޷ҡͷ, ̾˿
벻׾ͲҪ, ң˵, ĸ첲, Ӳǰ˼, ͷȻֱȻЩŻ鷳ǳ֣Ȼˡ
޷⻰һ㶣漴濴һۣɽʱ̬Աȣط˻
ҹȻһֱ꣬һַͣݵصĻˮҲǵ˰߸ߡ
ż׳ȥȴݵһŮˣһŷǷĹѸˮɡڱˮȻһϢŲæ̧ȥΡ
ԼĪһʱˮתѣһԵھӴ״չȥ鿴Σȴ˫קס˸첲
ҼѶ𣿡ˮ˫¡
ôﲻ
ˮɼûлش𣬵һµŽ´齣Կȥϣ˱ȥͬļ仰
ҼѶ𣿡
ҼѶȥˣ
ûмҼѶ
ЩסʻеǽַϵҲϵĺӣеֻǹ·пͣѹʲô
ˮƣһ·֧ǰԵȥպײӭĳ񺭻С
ѽʶһ
һԵղޱ״æȣһƣ㶵ⲻǺش𣿡
ʶʵ
ǰƽĺش㣬øղޱˮѻʹȥ˴ᱧȰͻؼȥ
񺭵˵ͷղޱȥ˰ƽŴе֪ˮɵĶӺƻԳźδعңĻ񣬱㰤Ұһʹȥֱϱ˷ڷڵˮʡ¡
˵ȵڼҴ㻤Żתߵ⣬ƼſͣվƵ̫ƽԱжѳϵվһ̳̳³
ղޱǰæһ̧ȴе΢΢ᣬ˼¡@Ƽ˾Цɣһɻʱʦþûˣ
űŰƽĺشһ֣ˡ񺭰æ͵
㱧شʲô˼ҹѸҪļޣҲҸˣ㻹治Լɹˣ@Ц
ģٸҷƨھͰԴšղޱ۵
š̫ˣ޷վڵڶĳβһľ̳ڵϣһЦӦȥԺҰѵЩ
ʦ̨@βѡ
ޱ㷽˵شôˣһԵʵ
Ӳˣղޱ˵һϡ
ʱģ޷üһЦݶʱ󻹼
ô˵ǰģղޱ㶵
Ǿǻȥ¡@ĵ˼ҶӶˣʲô£
ô˵ģҶǽַ£ܸùһ°ɣղޱߵ޷Ǹǰʵʦ֣㿴ѵʱڸʲô
˵ȥ棬޷룬ˣ˵и˼ڶСӷڡ
֣Ҹմǻûô˰ղޱ
ֻ¡޷˵꣬üȴٿһǲ̫Ծ
᲻ˣ񴵭һȥĺӦв٣ֻǵһˣӦͬûʲôϵ
ûʲôϵҳƽʱ򣬻˴ͷղޱͷ˵Ǻͺһģͷڣи߱ڵĺӣԼ
Īֲ񡣡@˸ۡ
Ҳô룬ҴͷҲ˵ˣǰûǸͷڹٻ񱾵ˡղޱ
޷Ǹպô̫ƽһ̳ƣ⻰ֻ˵˼ڶֺδЩ棿
Сļǵ£˵ŵζղޱҡҡͷɶ̣Ҳ
ȥ޷˵꣬㼴ת߿
Ҳȥղޱæϡ
㶣ס˼ȴͣ
@һۣδ˵ԹԼơҲ˵ǵͷǰж
ԼĪһյĹ򣬵ȵľƶԺһתֻ̳ǰ¹ȽȥɣЩͬʦ͹ˡ
񺭿˿ͻȻһ㣬ĬĬ˺תصԺȴң񺭣ԭ
ŤͷֻңżӯӯЦ˵ǰڶе·㶨˼ѣȥԡ
أʵ
˵Ѻòÿϲδ׼㡣ңչա
񺭵˵ͷСܼͬһԶ


46 . 
һͷ, ޷ղޱѰ֣ûҵǿǸڵߡ
ýЩ壿޷չĿֵͷƽʱ, ϵС, ɽȴһҲûС
ǡղޱһ, ǰһ, ϸһֻոµ
ԲסԲסһԼĪʮСܹ, , ߵøЩ, û°ɣ
վסղޱһס, ʵ, ûСӵ𣿶ô󣿡
˵ˣ, , ܵʧ٣˶óˣһء
ֹһ޷üһ˭ҵĺӣ
ôʲôһɵؿ
õˡղޱȡĻľƸ꿴˿, ͵, ûж⡣
ãǿҪ˵, ޴ڼҿһ, ۾Ϲˡ
ʱ£޷׷ʵ
, ǡԺ, һʼ, ˡܹȥһûƼˣΪˡ˰죬ʲôûС˵
ǡһأղޱʵ
ЬׯƹСӣҲڵžͲˡ˵첻˸үү𣿸ĺӶ˱ڣռСܵСﲻ𣬾ԼڵϰѺֽ˺ʯĩɳ档
Ǹ˼ң޷ʵ
ȥˣ̫󣬲档˵˵Ҫ²УҿǳֶСӿģҪ˼ҰͼסĶ˴޼ҵܵܺþã˵ˣΪ˻ڻؼҡ
ӣͲһղޱʵ
һҡͷ޼ҵǸ룬ƹĶ궼ɵúܣͬһ졣
ͬһ죿޷ǰһʵ
һǶʮš
֪ѵ𣿡޷תղޱ
񡭡Ҳڶ¡ղޱԥԥ
˵˭ʵ
ûʲôȻȥɣǡҿղޱ
ȥˡ˵̱꣬
ˣղޱ治ѣʮŵʲô𣿡
޷ҡҡͷ˼
ɴӰƽж·̡Ǹͷ˹ߵģôͬʱӣ֪ģղޱֻ˼⡣
ȥʣʧٵĲֹ⼸޷˵ţ㳯Žֿȥ
˵ֿڣսǵȺһ֣Զ·ڣݵպô򿪡ңų񺭣һһߵͭǰ
ոպá񺭵ͷϴŵĳɫȹת˸Ȧձ󣬡Ȼǵҵߴ硭
÷˴˶Ϥ£ӦסġңЦ
ҧҧһףȴѸٵͷ
ôˣң㶨ѣ㲻𣿡
ҡûвˣ룬ֻû뵽常ոȥܼǹҵ¡
ȥŵ˸ǣ
Ҳ𣿡ʵ
ңһס
ҡҡͷЦˣǸģҪ
߻һף԰ɡңЦ
񺭵˵ͷھǰ½󣬺Ȼ˵԰꣬ǶӦأҪ𣿡
ˣңЦϵЬ඼µģﻹ࣬òϡ˵⻰㼴ƿ񺭽ȥȴȻеЩƺ˸һ㡣
ңüһپŹ֣߳뿴ȻʱܣƳһƬڵϣ̾ݶȴԶһӰݿȥ
ʲôˣң׷ϣ񺭻ֻա
ص·񺭲ڴã㵽ݵ⻽֣ȴӦ
ң΢΢ü˽ȥȴֻµѷߣȴڣǸæ˳ݣá
ʱ񺭵⴫˽ңȥˣ
ң̻ͷ񺭼Ҵ߽ڣæӭȥʵû°ɣ
Ļ£ЦҼͻȻܳȥ͸ȥ֪һûӰˡ
ң˵ͷԾɴŸղѣʵû𣿡
ˣӦ⣬ȥʰһ£ھͻȥɡЦ˵꣬㼴ʰԭȵѣƹͬңһ߳š
Աӣǲн·ߣָָߵСʵ
ǲס⣬ЩҲϤߴ·ɡңô˵ţȴǰ಻ס棬ߵڿһۡ
Ҳǳһת۵Ĺ򣬳񺭵쵽һС
ңپǰһڣʧȥ֪ͬʱǰӲȣСǽ߷¡
Բסˡ׸ɫվΪһصߣһ鷳ӭж⣬ȴû뵽Լ֮
԰գתҪߣȴȻһƿɫһ֣ңֻдദöСɳһöڣҵ棬ҲҪɱ޹𣿡
ݲģ֪ࡣһźµӴ˳
Ҫ£Ѿˡֳ׳ڡ
Ӳܣ΢նݲ㲻º𣿡
һձ֪࣬ҪɱңҲԹԡ
޴ߵ
Ҵ߬ȭԲŻᱻã̤ⲻ·뵽֮˽ԹҲǿӰˣ
ΣӺٺЦֵˣѵ𣿡԰գԾɺٺЦţתﳤȥ
񺭻ƳһۿǽߣԾɻ˯ңһᣬӿŲ뿪ķ׷ȥ
˵Ӱܿʧһ˫źɫͷĵĽ߽ڣͣңǰ
˽üĿҶ
˵ò\ˣջ񡣡
һۣ˴ɫԵʮֲ԰ףȴҹӥ
ҶϸǰԲѵңһǸ񺭣˲òֻ࣬治ᡣ
ڴʲô⣿\۵
˵ԼŮ˾ǰȴΪ˵£ͬ˰㣬㶪ˣ䲻䣿Ҷɫ
\ЦҶұΪǸ֮ˣȴôױ㶯顣
̸ϣֻŮȤĽŷɵȴȫ޷֮ģô򵥱˵ĵҶ˵ţ㼴ңᱧƳһ۫\ٲȥ׷˿Ҫˡ


47 . ຮ
ƻ, ϼǧһ޼ʡ
޷ղޱڻõ·ϣһصı顣
һҹ֮䶪ôຢ, ɲС, ղޱüͷ, ˼⣬ƽһ, ټϺʵЩ, ʮӰԷж, ϢǴߣ
ЩӲͬһӡ޷˵, ŲȻס
, ң˵, ݼһӶԳߣЩ, ԼԼ, 
ǹ˲ͬղޱ˵̧񱼣صԺڣֱңжȥ
ô, ûлӦֱӧ, ˳һ, ʲŵ֪ȥ·
ľŹ, Խе, ȥѰ, ߵ·, ߴƹĻλͻȥ𣿡
ǿ˵Ҫȥδ⻰Ϥǳ֮ڡ
ҿɲ֪
޷üһ߽ӣƹʵ뿪֮ǰ֮
ƹûɵʻһ㶣λ͹ǡ
褼״ʵģͬһ¡
⡭ƹ룬ǡλӸߵĹȥһˡŶǶȥǵȥӸЩȳȥӰЩĺȥȵȣԡԲԡ
룬ż޷Ǳ仹ƽȴɲΣ쿴Σϸ˵һ顣
ƹĵ˵ͷͷ˰죬ڣһʼǸ˵Ҫȡõѡ
ٽأ·¡ÿĿ˼ࡣң񺭶òǳƹļ̣ţ˽ǰ¶˵޷
ǸȳȥĹûһȥĹҲˣȻǸû¡⵱Ȼû°ʲô£ٺǱ㶼ȥˡ
ƹ˵꣬˿ֵҹлûȫأû׼λ￴ǰ֣ȥ𴦹ˣң
л޷г˵⻰̶ʹ˸ɫһһ̴߳š
ȿ˿ڣô
Ҳ˸١޷üͷ˼ңŲ鿴ʳ¹û¡
褼Ƚ޴룺
˵޷һ˼ʵ˵¹Ժ󣬿кδǰͬ
ȷУһͷ˵ýС΢ĺأ֮ǰ˰ߣˡ
ûô򵥡޷ǲסģⲽң֣ԶԸĸ֣Ҳѡֻ˲С鷳
Ҳ˵˷ͬСɣ褵᲻ɱ֣
Ҷıߣȴܲס޷Խ˵ţɫԽأǡ
ʲô
ǶԷЩֶΣ޷ǵң㣬˰㡣
ɫ䣬ʱʧȥƽ⣺˵ǡ
ٿȷϣԷĿĲɱˡ޷ǵ򶯾̫ͱ˿ˡ
Ҳף褵ǵ񺭵ΪǷܹԶ֣ΪҪ£
޷üҡͷԡΣڵȥҵ֮ǰòҪһ뿪á
̫ɽԺɫȫ
õȼһҶڻԣ⵭ɨһһңĬĿ֦۳һζΣѡ
֦ȼգ̵졣ңԼԼĻҳϢ˼˫ۡ
ƳҶվ˺벽ʵô㣿أ
Ҷ
һ赹Ժ£Ӧˡңɫʵȥ˺δ
Ҷ⻰жһ٣漴̧۳ȥԭ㲻ɵ
ҶֻΪҺ֮ûǣңͲһˡ
һ仰˿סҶӣһһʵ°ҰкĿģ
أҶЦЦ
вң˸ֱۣӴƿȥ
ҪˣҶʰ²񣬲ŪŻȼյĿ֦ζ
ôˣô׷ٳ񺭣ң䣬ǾϷˣ˺ܺ棬ԼΡ
ϲ
Ҳҵɱ㡣ң֮Աǡ
Ϊ㲻ɱˡҶ
ֻڣԺδء
ңվǰӭŷһֻ֣Ŀŷ
ҰƣܹϷģֻڡ׮ֻǷ
Сɽгɽ۳ѩǣݲ˶ԣΪ˽ıǷ磬ȴ¶ȣ΢ĩܹ֪õ
϶ҹ̹ǵķЮϸܵˮһ˿˿졣
ҶıӰüĽȥ
˼ңԴȫȻ
㲻ֶΣ޳
˵ɽΪʲô
ɽڣûһҵȷеʲôͷԶԹʣһ֪һ书ȴʲô°첻ɣ˵ʲôã
ɽô꣬ȴûһõϣԼûá
һĻĻԿϵΣлݡãңۣͷԼ˫֣ȻЦҡҡͷ
ⲻ֪ͬʱ޷ҲڽѰ䡣
俴Ż侲ȴѹһŻ𣬼񲡣
ɽɽ׿ڶŵؽ߾ܻȫȴΪһʱĲ磬ʧ֮ۡ
ھΡں뵣ǽһѻͷֱѹ
ٽأֵӻδҹ½ţ·Ҳ⡣
޷ӵݶҵңЬӡϵİ׶ѥЬ׿ͼӡɱϡ
ϾѰҲûϷ
²³˰ն뿪ǰΣɹյĹ򣬽ͷʲôۼҲѱڸǡ
޷Ǽϣ߽һԵȴֽһѸɲڣƺʲô¹˸Ź󣬸ϸ鿴ŷֲݶһӣԼЩ죬ƺǴϵ顣
ң߽򵥵ľκΡ
ңģѵǴӳ񺭵ϵģ
ϸȴҲôҲһֱŮӵһʱ֮ҲӣֻȰӴȥ褡
һ̣һܽػǼϢңϵϢһģһ
޷ͫ׼һ̸ڸղżӵĸɲݶڷȻҵһܽ࣬ң֮
Ůӣѵߴ·רСߣݺĽǡ
ʵЩϡ档
¡ҹٽ糿ķ磬Ǳ̹ǡ
޷ѭ˿˱ǰ
Ȼ֮ڣȴһˡñĺ˼漴չĲ֦ǰĿᣬٴŵϤܽػ㣬⸽ⶼ鿴һһ۵Ľ﷢¶İֻҡ
ҵһ뱻Уϱ߸ó˿
ֻңǲǰǲ֮ǰؽңһֻ
ֻϷǽ棬λãһʯ̵ǺۼһţպɡƫԵ״
޷һ˼ֻֻƺװʲôǴһȴһö䣬δݵҶ
죬ɨܣֵ϶ļֻʣ¹ͺͺɣﻹҶӣ
Ҳ˵⽫Ҷװ֮ڣָ
޷ǴƳһǽǣ̶ȻͷʯҲ֮£΢΢ˡ԰գվָķȥ
Ǹ죬չգ÷еʪҲЩٺ̹ǡ
ʢСˣͣǰŵĵϳæȥﺮ
ﺮǶˣٸв̳Ų鿴ȿڣʢüĿţĺͽ˽öɸꡣ
Ļ˵ЦˡﺮڵӣһԹ
ôβأǸð䶦ˣҡײƭŮˣʢ˵ȡؼԾڽҵȡŲҪƫ˽ɣ
ȻҲ˵Ǹƭӣô˵ʵﺮŲæǺЦλɷģ˵ǸˣϷԵ˫֣Ե
ã˵ġʢ˵Ǿĳţ
ʲôţ޷ǵĻӼ
ʢͷüȻеװ
װʲôˣ޷Ϊңʧ֮£ķң⻰ðûʲô
Ѷβƽʢͷֱˣ
ҹҪ˭û޷û
͵ȡؼڴˡʢ˵Ů޼ҿɹ飬˵Ͷ㡣
˵ţ޷ΪشʢһЦǲۣԴȱҪ˵㻹ܷ𣿡
˵ʲôʢŭĿԲɣǰһڵ
˵˻𣿡޷ŭ˵һ飬˲˸ϽҹҪһ١ٶ޶ƣҵҲ޶ȣ
ģ֪Ƕβơ
УҲסҪǼǸβƣҸԶǰ֣Һ죬𣿡
ãס˵Ļʢʾָץѱ԰գ鲻Ըһ֣ŴͬеļӴȥ
޷ǣﺮ΢΢üɫʵôƢ
ңˡ޷ǼʢԶʲŻ͡
ˣﺮһ㶣ô£
Σճ¹һͬţֱҹﶼ޷˵ţӻͳǿ񵽵ĶݸﺮܰҰӦǳ¹ġҸ¹Ӧû֮ǣǵҲüĿȥ˸һ

ԣ
޷ǣ˵һȥŮˣ˳ңҲҲû취ҪðŮһ


48 . ӥȮ
С©, ǰ·;ѣͷ˹п, ǻ, һȲټǰС
ľߵ, ߺȲӣɫ, һߵǰͣ
¹ôһֱңǸľͷҲ̧
, ˭ֻ֪ʲô˵£˵, ĳ
Сλһ, 𡣡ľˮ㲻
, ˭Ҫɣ⻰, 㶣ͷʵ
ʲôҲúȡ񺭺ݺݵǻһ, æԼȥ
һ⻰, ӣ߿
Ǻαأľˮ㵭Ц¹ȻС
Ѿңȴ겻ɢ, ɱֺҴ, ѵҪҸл𣿡񺭵
¹Բ, Լɱ, ҿʲôûľˮɫ, ȫȻ﾿ʲô, ôȴԹˣ
, ˫߬ȭȴ˵
ɶڰ㣬ľˮľѳۣ˼Ů鳤ǻġ
һһ˵ɱҸףɱ㹻ˣ񺭵ڿ˵Ҫңȴһ£ֶԴͰ׷ʹ򣬻˵ⶼΪң
ȻˡľˮЦ
һݣҵţ񺭵
ô壿ôһֱ𣿡ľˮЦ׻ᣬÿԡ
񺭱ȥٿ
ľˮ㲻˵ԹԺŲ衣ҲվȴǮԱߡ
ǮСסֻų񺭲š
˶Ǯ񺭳ľˮıӰ
ľˮȴֻǹЦԾһǰߡ
߲ѣֻö˼öͭǻƣ첽׷˳ȥ
ɽ·޴޵꣬ľˮߵúԵҹԾɿһӰӡ
񺭿ͬľˮ㱣ž룬ʰԼҲЩѰ˸ԶĿյ¡Ȼ˴ܷ磬ôҲ
ղѣ¶˲վ
Ȼǽľˮ㲻䲻ȵҪϷæ
˵û
ߵľˮ㸽˿ǰȼ𣬼ϸ֦򣬱תȥѰȴͷǣȥ࣬Ȼһ̣ǰȴһڣԵڵأʱʧֱ
ľˮɭȻһЦ΢΢䣬¶һֻ״СƿһֻͳڻӸϣűӣСֽڻУ̱ȼմ
ҩƿִӻóһֻľд򿪡ľУһöССĽɫҩ衣
׻ǲ˵öԣø㳢ľˮ˵ţ㼴վߵԶ£죬ȴȻּ䴫һХ̧һȴһöɫĴֱ̻ҹգըһɢĹ
ľˮҩתߣȴǰһˣۣ棬һѳ
ǺǣľˮЦҩУǰ˵һֻ֣𣿡
ԣī\۵׳ɱ
סľˮҹɫ˵㶢ңȴ˸ǲ𣿡
䣬һӰӽԵԾ£ߵľˮԣû
ǻȥסľˮ˵꣬ת񺭡Ǹ׵һ\
\ʾӵС
ľˮ·𿴲˵Ĵ򶷣Թߵ񺭸ǰ˿ϼͷתߡ
\״һʯӣֱľˮġľˮ㲻Ųæ°ڣ׾ٱ㽫ʯ˦ɳȥ
ʯأ\üܹ׺ɨһݲһԾᵶľˮȥ·
ġݲ׷ľˮǰ\һ
ľˮü¶мԾɿų񺭣ƿǰУȴȻǰһһ׵ԶһУƽдĿ϶
˫ͫһ˿ȴһͷɫĻ֮ҹɫг
ԭа֡ľˮЦǰ˺Ʒ磬ְ¶Ļ׵бɨüģȴ˹ȥ
ڲ\Ƴȴ㶣ô㡭
˵ʱʱ죬ľˮҶʱųһļͷһաһֻ֪Ӻδ֣һѿס񺭵ĸ첲˹ȥȽڻС
ľˮ󾪣ͷƳһۣŷ֮ˣڳб񺭴εң
ñŪѡҶͷ鿴εңֻ»֡
̡ңû˵֣Ȼָϳͷٻᣬٶ˯ϲʱ
ľˮЦȻʽǰĳƣʽݶʲ·ȫȻͬ
Ҷһʱ˹ƣΪءңƳǰȴȴȻ˹ڶ֮䡣
һת۵Ĺľˮ׼ʱݲԶһңһƷڵأδϱѶѵǲҲѷˡ
ù\ķղźʲô
һľһȴպ򣬳Ҳ񡣡ң񺭰£Ȼ̧ͷʵĸţҲԻɣ
ҶժĻ飬һס
һȥ˵
뿪ڣеǰ취\յȴҶһ֣üͷһۡ
ҶĿɿңӹʾ\˴ȥƹǲңƼ
ңδ⵽ˣСų񺭵Σδ˼һҽС
Ǻ׵ң΢΢ü
ĲҺԽʱʱͣɳƣתΪͳ̴ٴֱһƬš
\˻ʲôҲ˵ҧԾˡ
ң⻰΢΢üȥ鿴\裬ȴҶҡҡͷһߵֻңֱվڲݵĿһŵϵĺ׵ʬ塣
ϰ类лƣϣ첲ؽڶжţ۴죬ŤȻǰ˲Сʹ࣬䲻ԣ⸱Ȼ˵һС
Ҷߵԣ˵п֮࣬Զ¡
ңû̽ӻһŤͷԶûʲôͷһμˡ԰գ㼴ƿ߿
ǲڻɣҲַӶ\˿Ҷʵ
񣬡Ҷ书룬ղűˡ
˻صǰǡÿңŪ˳ƻ˰Ѳ
\һߵ£ʣ֣ȡů
ΪλеңͻȻʣΪѡ񣿡
ͲЩˣ\˵ϧѲôҾͲ֪ˡ˵̧꣬ͷһҶ
ҶԣһʰЩõĲ𣬵ңӣڵ
Լ֡ңޱ顣
ҶҡͷһЦԣĿ֦һС
ԽȼԽӿѵõů⡣
캮ضΨһ磬·硣
ô˵ǳ˹ƻɱң\תü˵꣬ΪҪɱ¹أ
Щɣڼ֮ʿʲôԣɲ˵\ЦΪΪʲôһʢ꣬еĲУûһúý
ҪĻΪҪ񺭸󣿡ңüԽ١
Լˡ\ߵ
Ҷͷų񺭵˺ܾãѲáϵȷ嵨֮ˣֻϧ
⻰ָң΢̧ʵ
ֻǲ²⣬ϣϾЩˣƲˡҶ˵꣬ɫȻʮѿ˿ȥ
ңȴδ׷ʣǿ˿\ʵֱأ
\˸ۣ
ң˵㲻˵ͷ
֪𣿡\˿Ȼʵ
ң˵ͷֽʣ㻭ͼ
ˣﶼһ\ǿЦЦԵ齩Ӳޱȣֻǡͬһˡ
ǸܺðɣңȻҲΪ𡣡
\ЦЦֵط鰮̫ɵΪлȫˡ
ڴ͵Σң̧ʵ
˶٣ٲõơ\˵ţԾƳһվԶŶ˵Ҷ漴ѹɤֻʵڿÿ춼Щʲô
ͬ޹أҲ̫ࡣң˭Լ˵Ĺȥ
أ\ʵЩˣ£ûʲôҪڵ¡
Ҫڵ£ĿǰΪֹһŲ֪ңȼ㹻ͣ֡
\ûĻֻЦһҡҡͷ
ңͬУ˯ԺҲʮ־ʮηһ·ûúϢ˵˺ҹ㽥˯óˡ
֪˶ãȻеͷ˼£˫ۣȴ޷Ƕڸǰ΢Ц
ԼΣڣȴ˸ƣָָԶһ˯ī\
ңŷҶ֪ȥ˺δ㼴վһԵĳ񺭴ᱧͬ޷һ뿪Ƭӡ
ԼĪһĹҶż֪ʲôﶴɽң񺭲ټҲ׹ʲô
⿪\Ѩɽ˵͵ϮҲδ类ɱˣҲ֪˭
\ҿ˿󾪵˴ˣ
ӦˡҶңɹǿƳһۣǾȥɡ
ǲǰ𣿡\׷ʡ
ǸľҲֻǿӰˡҶĴ㣬ںͷ


49 . ٴ
ɽ, 񺭱ʯڱߣɻ˯š
ԭˡң޷ӹܽţشػ
Һ, ǲǱ˰ߵġ޷ǳһ, , ôҵƬҶӣںɰģ
ֲڶ춼ή, а취
޷ǵ˵ͷ̾˿, ɽ¾鷳ˡɱ, ֻҪô褣ܽܵ𣿡
ֻܿԼô˵ң, ֪ο, ûô򵥡
ɱȴʵ޷, ǾȥǸѨ
ûа취ֻ˵, ȴܲˣңʵ
ټɺҩʱ, ȴѡ޷ǵַ̫ˣס
ǾͰң룬, , Ƚ˳, ͬסͬ, ҹﶢ, Ӧʲô⡣
˴ų񺭻ת귽, ÿÿ, ̷ͷٻᣬֱӣŽѨ⿪
񺭻˯̫ãЩһЩ̧һˣȴסǡ
װˣ֪ˡңǺúô˵ɡ
֪ʲô񺭴
˵أңޱ顣
㡭
ҵңҡͷ˵ͬͣ⣬㲢δɱˡȻȥ˵鷳δؽһжͷϡ
˵õɣҪɱ㻹𣿡⻰ֱָһԵ޷ǣֱһͷˮ
ôͳˣ޷ǴδһԣͻȻôһ˵ֻĪ
Ҳ֪ңңӣ뷨δܵͬң
Ǿһȥɱҡ񺭵ҲǸľˮδҪǼӺĻ
¹޷ǰң֣ƽڣֵ˽⣬飬֪֮ͨΣ
ͲʲôҲ˵𣿡Ŀն
ʲôҲ˵»ճ𣿡޷ǵû´ĻԼǸѹײ͸ʦİɣ
ҧã˵ͷڵǸľںܶǰҵң͵͵书
Ҳ常Ǩӵ̫ڣһÿζҹʱҲҪȺܳʱ䣬һꡭֱǰǶݡ
ľˮٴҵң˵常ʵǸαӣɱҸ׳¹ҳ˹¶
Ҳţȥ̽常ҵˣôģ常˵ĹԲҡ⻰û˵̫ףȴöǸ˼ҵľˮ㣬ľˮ˵ҲʶҵҲҵ书Щ̸ң͵͵꣬ѧɣ飬ֵ常
ұ常ǲҵ常˵ҵȷɱȰҲҪľˮĻ˵һжΪ˱ңţΪҪҵȴ˵ˣʲôҲûң𽣾ҪԾҳ֮䣬͡͡
ɱ޷üһ
ȫȻǡľˮ㼤ҵȷҲɱġ۽޵ʹˮ߳۽ǣű
Ϊλɱ¹ЩԼ˵ǸľˮҲ˵ǰɣңʵ
ֻ˵常ĶԼӦ񺭵
Ҳϸ㣬޷ǵͨһ֪ԼҪʱ򣬸˵ĻΪסܣһ
ʲôܣҪˣ񺭲⡣
޷ҡͷΪһ˵վС
˵Ϊ˱ңʧߺо֮ɫ
ֻǲ²⡣޷ǵľˮ㡯֣Ӧǻ֪𣿡
ҼǵõʱΡ常ľˮʱʮ־ȣ˵ԭûͱҵĻˣҲû˵֡񺭵
ϣк޷ʵ
ù϶г˰̣ǰһʮְ̺ۡ񺭵
ʲô޷⻰ͻȻֱӡ
֪˭񺭾
Ӧð𡭡޷ֻţղǲǻ˵书ľˮ㡯ȡƫԶãˡ
ң⻰ʶһۣж˼ɻ
û´£ܸɵȡؼ͵ѧ书ɱ˷к֮ʿ޷ǵʮǰ۽ɽׯׯѦѸ潭˵׽õ˴ˣټݣڽ˴նͷ­
ͷûˣôģң˼Ѳɻݳģ
пܣֻ벻СˣҲԸΪ޷ǿ̾ѡ
ô뱨ˣӦѦ𣿡ңҵͷϣ
¹ɷңһ죿޷ü΢˼
ʮһ¶ʮѣʵ벻ΪҪ⻰
ҳ±ʣʱĸ£޷ɫ˵ĺˣΪεʱնݳĸŮ
Ͳĸ𣿡ʵ
ÿ²ǽˣٻ𡣡޷ǵ¹б䣬Ӯδ֣ƽ֡ز鵽¹ӦʼնһҪɱˣ¹ƴֵҲܲԶֻԼࡣ
⡭һʱԶԡ
ѵΪ»ᱣ޷ǵ
Ȼǣƾʲô϶Ǻˣʵ
˻ģôڵأ޷Ƿʡ
ƿԡ
վʲôң޷ǷŵĻ˼ϻҵʱҶ˵仰ƺָ
˵ʲô޷ʵ
Ѳáϵȷ嵨֮ˣֻϧбǡϾЩˣƲˡ
˵¡޷ҡͷǻָʹ
᲻ңƲ£Ȼı£ΪԼľˮ㡯֣ˡֵġľ͡¡ֵġˮֵ˼᲻ǡ©֮㡯
޷˴üĲһ
֮ǰԵֻˣ𣿡ң񺭵ͷ˵Լƶϡ
ʹûʮնԸ¶ˣƴȫ಻ơ˵㣬º֪࣬㲻ƫκһߣҲ㹻跨һС
ҵΪµδ£±ˡΪ֪Լһʱȴһ뺦ǵˣӴﵽĿġԱԼ˽һУ࣬ҲƽȥڲգֻǲٱЩǷǡ
⻰Ĭ
֮ܶ޷̾˿¸ôӦԼ⣬ǵ£˲˵ʲôֻԼֻǣֻǶ̯Լˡ
գĿԣڤ롣
ûٶܵ˼Ҳͬ˻˽ꡣԺ·УߺŤͷֱ߷ˣȻ㿴ôˣ
񺭡ңߵԣȴȻڣΪΣ
ʲôΪΣ
Ϊ֪ɱ常ȴȫ޷߿Ըʵ
ֻ֪࣬ࡣ޷ǵһиˮ֮ǰ
ֻ뵽ӣӦѾܺõѣնľȻ˵гһ֪Ƕƭǻˡ
գֻһۣȴ˵
ҾˣҪ񺭻ͷԶ˵±иҲĹ¼ҹˣֻһƭֻһˡҪͬһƭ֪ˣ᲻κˡʱĴжΣա˵˵ţȻ¡
ľ𣿡ңĲ̣Ҫǿ԰͡
ҡҡͷǱǾˣƫһһǴǸǳȫңһõġ
Ȼˡ޷ǵͷðɡ
ǿЦЦ̧գôһڣԪˡ֪ˣһʲôأ
˻صãȿżҲûͬŵĵк㾶߽Ժȴպÿվﺮ褡
硭񺭲ãȻ
һȻ۵׺Ȼ˹⣬ɱǰӵ뻳Уһһ㣬æ֣´һʵû˰ɣ׷¡
𼱣û¡סᣬ龪һˣһҹȥƻɡ
ãǡ褲ãȻⶼˣôᡭ
û¡΢΢棬˻ȥ
һԵﺮ˾򣬶ЦȻѻˣӱɷˡߴ˰£Ҳƣ롣ʲôǻԺ˵ɡ
񺭵ͷ㼴˿ȥ
ﺮĿͶԶŤͷȥµˣָ˸򣬽˴ȥ鷿һоʲôҲû˵ֻǳ̾˿
ҼǵʦͿ¹ﲻԾ޷ǵ˵
ճʱֵʮֵӣҲƺ벻ӵıﺮɺᵽȴǿ޲֣ⲻͬһ˻¡
˶٣ּ˵ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ྐྵˡˣǶ㷽ᵽ¡ˣ
ҼҲȷʵʹ·ȻͬƷֻҶԸ˽̫٣ǳһҡң
Ҫô˵ڵĴҲΣաﺮͷ˼⼸գʧٵ£ҲЩüĿмӣҲǶʮŵҹͻȻʧ˻һߣü˷ֵüʱ˻
޷üͷһ壺ѵйأ
ﺮһף̾˿ȥźô˵ɡҪǱߡ¹кδ㣿
Ͼôĸ飬δػ涯ң˼ǲ˵Ҫȥƻ߷ڽǣӲһȥذɣ
һҼȥżڣӦ⡣ﺮ˵ţȻ̧ͷ˿޷ǣָָǲҲôңȥƻ᣿ģαΪ˵£ԼҲˣ
飬Ͳʦˡ޷˵꣬תң΢΢һЦ漴߳鷿


50 . ȥ
ԪϦ, ֻƴ䣬硣мǻ̯ӸԲ˼СڽֱߡʽӦо, ·, ̯ǰ, ֡
ְͬǻһ褵, ˹ȥޱ˵, ԲͬԪһ, Ҳ볢
ȻףһԿճλ, , ԼȥŶ, ˻ֻ롣ԲɫͷףȻÿ϶ҪЩ
Ц, ڿСʵ˼ûÿһ, ˡ
ҡͷ΢ЦҨһöԲݵߣЦҧһڣʵϲ𣿡
Ц, ù, תιҲ
Զƻ, ͷƹ⽻, ܶ񺭵Ŀܿ㱻ȥ, 褵, ʲ˵, Ǳ߲ͷɲСһȥ
á
˿һƬިҡҷľҡûžĲ졣褵֣ߵһŵǰַһľƣϱߵ棺һЦüĿ飿
̯ǰޣȡһöʵٲ²
Ƴľϵ֣˳˳˺δȥ
ɫϢؽһ˲
ĪǣǸ֣ȫδı仯
޲ֹۼһпתͷǰȥӭӡƳ߿ǿ򶨣ַһľƣȴдš絶̡
ԿЦ
ЩգҪ
ֻһϦİ
ػϸ費ϣʮƻͨΨղϷɵĹӰ
ͬüչģмң޷ǡΪ˱񺭺صѡһȥȴΪ׮£ֻ֣Ŀֵ£һûһš
ˮ޾ڡ˼δȵɽ䡣ңпⳡΣĿҪˡ
ҵǾãôѻ˵޷˼٣ڵƻ󡣡
˵˵һңҡͷ뵽£פתֱ̧˫ۣɫʵʵ㱾ûôԲԣ
Σȥ˭ã޷ͣעΪİȫһý࣬ȫת棬ȶԲ񺭣Ҳ˺褡ҷ֮Ȼƣ˭Ҳܱ֤á
ԣֻ𣿡ң̾ˡɽԶҲ˵ЩҲûɵĻˡ
ɽˣ
ǵûУңҡͷֻ룬ǰ·δ֪֮䣬Ҳָңϱ鷳ָô
Ҳ¡޷Կοıģ֮䣬һж̹ϡ
㣬ħźΣңֱ˫Ŀʵ
ǾͿôˡ޷Ǻӣ㱾ƣ񡣼㣬Ҳֻع
ǵأԼõңһ䣬Ҳաŵãǰ·˭Ҳ޷δΡ⣬ҶšıۣҲԹ㡣
޷˵ֻҡҡͷȴպƼӱп㼴ǰȥյһյƵݸңкԸдû׼ˡ
ҵ롭ң̯ӹʣдԸԸԸԿɳ棬ƽ˳죬޺¡Σ
޷ǵͷʲôҲû˵
أңʵ
ң޷Цûô룬˵²˵öˣ¶ǿ룬硭ԸһɼܶԹţ֮࣬ƽϲ֣ǡ
ȫңңݸԼأ
ƽ˳Щ޷Цڣһᡣ
ϻһյյںӰĿ»գʣɢ㣬Ӱӳں棬Ҳӳ۵ס
ƯԶڳϵĳңңƻԣ۵ײӯ⡣
ϲҲȥŵưɡ褶Ц
ȴҡҡͷһͷУ
褵ͷ︡ǣЩŹ֣ǲ£
񺭲ԣ̧ͷüĿĴ
һʱ㵣Уȴһͯд
˷̻
һһ쳹񷣬ŶеˣҲԷ˵Ļ
Բ𡣡ۺᣬֱ˫ĿС˵
˵ʲôڵλôսЩʵ
常Һġ˫ƣָ״ߣ˳
褵Цؽϡ
Ҳ಻סʱȪӿ
褴΢΢㡭ܲ˵һ飿
񺭷֣ҡͷЦֹס䣺ҡɱ常
ûĻȴԼӴζ˳
·˽Գյϲ÷Χûһ⵽ǡֱҹнϡ
ڻعʧתȥӰȻ
硭ǰһȴ
Ŀһģ쳣ĳĬ
ҧҧûƭ㡣常ңҵǱҲš
ôܣ褵Ļ䲻߿ȴ־ġ
׿ԣ١ңұҲʹ˼ʹһҧ֮ܶɱΪŮҲֻ˶Ů˽顭
լôأ۵׵Ĺһɢ·ɥʧΡ
ȫң㡭Ҳġ˵Υ֮ԣ촽ҧơ
áá褻ֹ·ʱ飬ãĿЦЦһ˿Ŀǻ̶
ʮ飬Ϊǰ֮ˣΨһȴ¿Ĵǰ͡
ͫˮӯӯӳǰ˵ݣˮ˳ջ䣬棬ɢݣɢĹӰ¶ѻճȴǹ¼żŵҹա
ҹɫ˳ɢػϣѹȥΨ徲۲
ںӵ̵޷Ťͷһۿͷ˯ȥң˿
֪˶ãңۣƳϸѣԭ￴̻ȴ֪˯˹ȥ
ֱӣ޷ǵֻ֣һæµݹȥϰɣ
ЯĬߡصԺʹ˷֪¶ѹ˵࣬͸¶ĵӣԾɴп˹Ź֣ȴִֻδ롣
ңط;У˳֧ˡ޷ΣȴҲֻܻȥϢȣȻ褻ˣ
޷ƼԷµӰ̾һӭϡ
Щܲ㣿ƽ۵ȴѹʲô
Ȼ
˵Ļģһ˿صΣһĴ𰸡
˵ʲô޷ǵ
˵ΪҼš
ʲô޷ĸѹ֣Ƭ̣ȻƵ˿İɡ
⻰ʲô˼üһǵʲô
ЩҲ˵޷һҡͷתߡ
ĿϸģǰȡҼ磬ȴ׾ٶȥ
һʱ֮䣬ŭˡһӿͷͷᣬ͵ŻһѪ
޷δϼ˾æȴ㿪ֻû·ʦǰæְ˽Ű˷طڡ֪ϢĳҲɿ˹ȴվǰ޷¡
ɻʵΪҪΣͲ֪𣿡
ɡǡһʱ
ңһȻ޷ǿ˽ǰ㣬ɵҡͷһ˼޷ǵǰ֣ʵ񺭣ǲϣַʽϣ
Ȼͷִһ㡣
ۼ¹ɱ֣޷ǲɷԸпĳ嶯ҫ\дʱʹң˵ǲ㣬Ȼͬûйϵ
ҡЩһʱ鼱ôأ֪´ǳ˰ס
ңҡͷ̾ϢԽִճ̬ȴƫƫʲôæҲﲻϡ
ﺮʱϵЩһĬ첽ǰ¹ҵǾãòҪ
ǰа취
ﺮһףֻ¹Ȼȥк£ϷԻ֪һ
񺭾ͷŷţδϨĵƻȻᡣ

ԣ
ˮ޾ڡ˼δȵɽ䡣Ρ硶졷
ܿģĪᳯ
ڻͷľЩԽɫһ
ʲôû͵õ˰


51 . ز
ﺮĿԶ, Ťͷȥ޷ǣָָѽ̫, 治ο
޷֪, ͷȥҶԡ
ǡҲȥˣң˵⻰, һק޷ǵĸ첲߿
ﺮŶ˷ɿȥıӰҡҡͷ, 漴תŽݡ
ڵ褸պתѣ
ﺮһԲ, ߵԵ˱ˮ, ߵߵϡ
褽ӹˮȴȣǵͷ, ֪Щʲô
ﺮһԵ, ˵ʱ, һ¡һλµʿϲһλ, λҲϲλȴԥ޸Ľ, Ĵɩ
λʿ֪ô£ȥλΪͬĽһֹЩʱգĴ, λز, , ǰȥ, һͬ, ڹĵ, Ĵν, 
ԣһʱȻǡ½Σ
ʹʹһˡﺮίҲ£֪ԭλͨӽˣΪȥĵﱨȴ顣ɹﻹǵżҳǡλҲϲ˳Ƽˡ
ɻ֮һ֣һʱļֻ֮ǰĳıǰҲ˱¶λνĴ磬ԭҲǸΨͼ֮ӽλʿĿĲһ£ҲɱģŻгյĵ
褵ͷĬãڵǰ˵Щң񺭴棬ɱҸҲ٣Ӧ
ﺮҡҡͷϷֻ˵ֳԹҪϣȻᾡ⡣
š
˽˽ģôΪﺮ¾֮ǰһ֪ʼĩǺͿκһϾ·
˵һ಻֪£һʱ´ȴﺮסֻ˵ţô£йأΪҲڲԸԣ
ʵһǷǶ֪ࡣ֪¹Ӧ˹ƻɱ𡣡ﺮиµķͽѧ֪ͨʲôֶλ
ﺮԴǣʼĩ渵ȵ˵ЩȻʱ
ԽԽľ˵ףɱѳʵһҲ粻ȥ
ãһ˵ˣ񺭱ʵϣɱҵ
֮ʱҲڵҲ˵࣬ӿΪΣﺮʡ
һʱԣ̻ҡͷԽ
ȻΪ֪ܲһҪɱ֮
褵ӷҵĲȴҲ˵һ֡
棬ӻЩЪϢɡﺮ˵⻰Ťͷ͸뿪Ĵɫ㼴ǣһˣŽ䣬·𱻶סһ㡣
ⲻ֪޷Ҳһҹδߡ²˼һҹۼɫ
ߵԺȻ˵ʦ֡ŤͷһȴղޱվԶ֣⳯ǰȥʵôˣ
м¡ǶæţҲ˵ղȥţ֪ҹû˯Ъˣ롭Ҳֻˡղޱ
⻰޷ֻ߿ֻøϣֱǰ
޷һűɵֻۣŵǸﲻǱˣǶβƣ
ô⣿ģ޷ǺƱ˴˵ӣ˿ʵ
˵òᣬȰ˾Ȼ١ղޱȻ˵ǷǽˤԺģǸ˶ܲܣ԰ɣ
£鷳ɾʹˡ޷ǰղѡ
ΪΣΪϴʢ
޷ҡҡͷǰ̽̽βƱϢϢٵģֻ̾˿ʱӳȥɱˡ˰ˣ˺ٸ߰ɡô鷳԰գֱת뿪
ղޱûüع񣬱ѲӰ
޷ߵԺշ£뵽ϻʢǰҪʱ˵ĻԽеķȣû߶Զȴڼɽµĳ߷
֪ԼﲻæʱǰȥҲֻͽգתˡ˭֪ǰԺȴȻһϤϵܣȥأ
ǽ˭
޷ȻͷûǺΣ˱ѴڵǰǰһģƵһ򣬺òײվȡ
״һ㶣ʵôûɵģˣ
޷ƿ֣»ûôͻˣ
Ϊʦź˻еż㣬汻˵ˣ̹滹
ֻǲ²⣬δжۡ޷ǵ
Ŷһ˵ͷʦأġ
Ϣ޷ڳһ£Щ¡һҹδ˯Щȥɡ
ҵ˵ˣ½ĺ
޷ǵ˵ͷ
Ϊ·ͷʵ
˵ˡ޷룬һ˼շ֮Ϥ档
ջȻ÷ɱԼף»ͷһ˵֮ĶԹ㷳ʲô
޷ôƤû̧һ¡
ͷ˼Ǹβƣ쳳֣ȷʵЩ롣Ҳûɣ˻ܣѲɡˣ
ǧ𣡡޷Ψֱ֮жԶ߶Զҿǲ
²ðţпԪ㱾㲻Ҫ⣬ֻƺҲϴˡ
޷Ƿҡͷ̾
˵ЩʲôȴȻ̧Ժţңվڻǰ֡
㣿ˣңһ˵ţһǰ
ǲˣһǲǳԲķˣϲʲôҴȥǸʸտһ
޷ǲ̧ǲڰԼûƴң
ǰЩӳ⣬ûϢáң彭һЦ漴ת޷ǣҸղſȥˡ
޷һ㶡
䲻֪ô£ģǺƽͣȥܵġң˵ֻ꣬ͷͬ
ܽɣͷ˿벻ϲЩм̣һ»ҸһǶġ
޷һ֧򢣬⿿ڻϣŶˣһԲ
ˣϵܣȻ뵽ʲôŤͷ޷ʵβƵ£ʦôɡ
βƣңһ㶣漴޷ʵôͻȻᵽ
޷ǶپͷƤ飬ЩؿڵǡǰʢҪˣ˵β͵˶ԳͶãҺʦˡ
ҹķǽˣޱ˷
ʲôң첻ѣô㣬ʲô
Ҳ֪޷޹Ҳǽ֪ռʱ˻ûѣȥʦҲ
ʦ϶ǰӳȥοҲûʲô׶񼫵¡˵ҲЩŹ֣˵˴Ӵ˶Ͼϵʢ
¡޷ΪѵǾͱ˰ɣ鷳
ҵǾãʿң˼Ҳ˵׼ǶԪľ֡
޷̾˿ٿ
ͬʱͷͷͣǰߵ˳񺭵ķš
񺭿ż˺һҪźϣȴһ࣬ɿֻա
ֻ֪֮ǰ£ûпĿʼ˨룬ˣҪı֪±ʹ˭˰ɡ
԰գתߣȴһ硱ס
ҲٵܣкᣬҪʲôҶѣԩ常Իл֡
⻰κһ
عͷȻźϡ
˨ƶɫȻ²֪ĳ䣬رˡ
ʧ߳Ժӣȴ޷վǰֱȭ˸
Ǹ޷ǵǰЩ뿪꣬Ϊµĳ֡ҵǵʱ򣬾Ѿ֪˴ԭò
褵ͷ
ʱģǲ޷ճô¼ɣԭ¡޷У㣬˵²ӦίУ֮ҲκνǮһ뿴ġʣµ£һᾡȫҳ࣬Ļ֡
ʵҡͷЦɵ㣬ڶŮ˽飬ûܼʱֶѡܹߵգǵöл㡣ֻǡҲ֪ⱳǣ棬жһ𣬻ǡ
ͯʧ֮±˵и̬֮֮Щ볣ֶβͬЩ˲֣±滻ڣҲǲܡ޷˵ҲϢϢأ㲻طֵ̫
ǡͶлˡ˫ֱȭʩ

ԣ
ǷϾԼΪȣǼӿһ褺ͳ ػ϶ȹ˼ԸŮѵ


52 . ׷
βһܳΡ
ȥµһ졣ݽ, ʱʱ꣬Ҳʪġ
һصˮصǸаܲ߷⣬ȴһվǰ
, һɫ쳤, 乬ĩһö, £续˰, һ㲻Ұˡ
¿նΣƣ깰Цʡ
ô֪ҵ֣βƱ˺һ
, Ѱ㡣
˵˵, ˭˵Ů
ǱĳΪιӡɺãЦ޷, ӽ
˭ҵģβƲƲ
, ʱ˵, ޷ǵ, ѵԼļ𣿡
ҵļˣβ쾪, ѵҵ
Ǹδѻ޷ǵ¼ˡ
ǡ˭βƻһ룬Ȼߺ, С, һʱûס, ԭӻˣ
βƴת, ׳Źӳ, ӱҪǰ, ȴȵʯͷ, ǰԵȥ˵ʱʱ죬޷ǼΣǰһ䣬ȣ漴ǰǼ׳ЦαطҪ֣л˵
ʲôÿһ׳˵ǷծǮ쾭壬ƨ£˵ţӱҪСȴһţڵϣˤ˸ࡣ
úãβֽкá
˵ɣǷ˶Ǯ޷ǵ
ǣβƵʱǶҼɥѣͻˣҪϢҲŲģ
̵ģ˰ᣬ˰꣬ϢǶҾģһ׳޷Ƿһη壬Ų
Ŷļ޷ʵ
ʮ֡˺׳㡭֡
ʮ֣޷ЦǿǮˡɣһָ㣬±ˣɷ񣿡
־ߣҲ̫Ǻӻ˵һ룬޷ɫһŵ˺󼸲ԶԶһֻ֣֡֡㡭
޷΢΢һЦСķǮԶβʹ˸ɫιӣ𣿡
βŻع˵ͷĽŲ
һ龰ȻõĺԺ
ǲˣңβŵü˼޷ǣһԺʯϣӦҵ£Ͱ첻ôãǲƭң
ι԰ꡣ޷ǳ̾һȷ˼ǲܣŻᵼ˾棬ٵһ£һ𸴡
תβȻԼȻڹճǵʢǰܹ޷жȣ𵥹ɣһ㣬޷Ŀڣͬʱת嵶Եͻ˿ڡ
βᵽһѪζ͵˫ۣ𣬿иߺҪ
ŷ֣ŵһУζѡ
βס﷿֣ͬԼ췭ǽΣ׹ԼںδǷ´ȴ˳ʹһЩԵ
û°ɣݽʰղޱתͷʵôԼˣ
ҡβƵͷԼ»ѣһʱ֮䲻֪롣
㡭ż˻ûأܡղޱ˵ţŵⶼʱˣ㶨ҲˣȥõԵġ԰գ˳ȥ
β㶣ĬƬ̣ҧҧԼͷЬӣһȳһ߳š
޷ҹһδߡɽңȥпε˵ĴϲݵĿϷһ˴ҲǴţúϢһǰͬ褼һ֮󣬱ط˯£ŸãԺ﷢
βƻǵ޷ǵסƾż˹ȥԺУԺվ£ƺʲô¡ıӰ֮УʱָǰβԼܵίһʱһ磡
޷û˭ͷһӲһһ裬ӦƵʵ˺ˣ
βҡҡͷҪǰ޷һβԣæˣȴϰ䲻ײԲһס
û°ɣβƸæǰ
޷һʱ˲Դۣһԡ
ңβƾ졣
Ȼôţ޷ǿ·۵ĳ嶯ụ̀
޷ǣûģβƲǧ㣬ôң
ȷңص鷳ģ޷ĻЦǰЩʢ˼˶õĶ˵ѾͶңʲôʱ⣿
ôβƲܲҺ۸˵ˣϴڹգ㻹ǻҡ
˵δС㣬һΪ˾Լ㻹һû䣬뵽ʲô㶼ʵĸŰ̳Źߵڰף
㡭βǺȴȻ¶ʹ飬ؿȥ
޷ǼؿѪ³˿ѿҡͷĻȥɣҡ˵ţҪתط
ҾβƵұǶμˣμҵĶҲһݣ֪ҸϾɱ
ⲻǸ·ҪǵԼ𣿡޷ǻعͷ˴ҵ汳
ôôңβһŵ˼ˣòײ⣬ȴãȻôңߺˣ˵꣬ͷҲ̫ܿܵԺſʱǰһЩһӡ
޷̽ͷһۣ·߲ȣüԸȴˣôܳȥֻѰëҲδܹӦ
ϸ˼һջսʤᷳ㷭ǽ׷˳ȥԶԶںͷ۲Ρ
βһȳһմӺ뿪ڽϻΡ
޷ΨֱƼ˲ճÿÿͷʱ֮ڣٿˣ̧ϡ
ʵ˵òᣬ߹ֺ󣬱ʹ·Ա̯߰ڵֱʿˮ
ӵϺʵڿӡβлҲû˵ڿ޷ԶԶƼ˾ҡͷ̾˿һβƳӣĨ˰죬ٴųصĽŲ߽һխ

ԣ
βƶȤᳬһ£гŮ⣬ȤŮԽɫǴԣĻҲϲƾƫ۾˼άתԱĶԴϲ˵ķʽսƷȥ˺ҲŮȻβûǸ̡


53 . ˪
ƻ, ˪ຮβƴŵڵݶӣ˫ֱ˫ϥ, ɪɪ
ʱ, ؤ˳ʳ, Ϊռⶬеһ˿ůأ˸ɲݶϡ
β, ûЩֳؤһ, ʱͷ, վǼؤҪҪûŮ𣿾ôûƤûϲ䣬ʲô⣿
СȤ, İɣһԴЩؤһ, Ц, ±ռˣҲԼʲôɫ
ʲô˼βƵʱɫ, Ҫǰ, ȴǼؤ½վΧǰ
Ҫβǿװ򶨣ȴѿʼϻǲʾ, ڳҪǹе̬
ؤһɫ, ͷǸȿһߵǰ, ȭҪ
Ȼȭͷ쵽һ, ȴ˿סšؤһ, ŷֶβƸǰ֪ʱѶһ, ޷ǡ
һؽ, õĵ˶ϵģв֣ȴҲ֪ǣһֱ˿ȥ
βһҲסˡƫʱһ磬˲ӡ
޷ҡͷ㼴£һӣȴ˵ϡ
ʲô˼βƼ·㳯˻ȥղŻߣңҵʲôˣ
ʶô޷˵꣬־ѱߡ
վסβƵ׷ȥһ׷һ˵ǸαӣڿȻҾͲ㣬صǸ쵰
βô޷ǻعһ仰û˵꣬ϥȴһͻȻİ峵ǰһײ
βƱ׷һʱ֮Ҳûɲסţײ˵պˤ峵ϡ
βֱӱ̧һŷǰ沿಻ߣ˴˵ĺ
޷üȵ
ҡβƻûعһڸʲô
˼ͬʱŤͷƼͬңվ·ڣ쿴Ƕˣǽġ
ǽӦ㹻죬æСǰβһ
޷Ǽңתߣæ׷ϣһѽסңղֻǡ
ðҾ˵ôһҾͶ㣬ԭΪβƼΣһźһ䡣
㡭ңͳԴף⻰ͷһۣ㼴˦޷ǵ֣ͷҲǰȥ
޷ǵȻǽ׷ᡣβƱҲ׷ȴһѱס˻ͱȥˣ˿ڶѿˣôꡣ
㲻ҪңҪȥβƱԾɲͣ㵸Ҫȥ
ĬŰӷʳָ佻һһ˿һҲɶ
ư峵ĺӼϵĻһ̳ƣּ޷ԶԽ˵Ǯɵ⣡
ԼҺɰáΨֱƷ˶βƣֻܶẺӵҪ鷳Ѻɰߣˡ
⡭ƳĺŮб𣬼϶βһֱǰСУҲҶǣ߶šˡŰ峵߿
һͷ޷׷˰ֲźòңԿңܲ˵ղǶᣬֻΪ
㲻˵Ǹ鷳𣿹滹ӣһͶ˴СУһΪء
ңֻһͷָŷķ򣬵ұ㲻ˣԭӦ˵ôֵ˴ϣǸղʲô̬Ҳ񷨣Ҳ֪ѰŮ׽Ҫͣͣҵ֪һ˵ˣôͬܳôԶģ
޷˿͵ңҲԸִ˳ҿˣı
㲻ңü㶼֮ˣص׷ôԶ·
һʱᣬ㸧˸ؿڣ˼ִ̫ʧ˷ִ硣
޷ǻ㱻عζŷԼĻµᣬ벻ô˼򵥵»ᱻԽԽڣæǲֻˣʢǡ
㵣ʢͲһʢҲͲ𣿡ң߲ѣͬõ˵˲ְͰͰ˽ӻȥ˼ֵôӦԣ
ûӦ޷ǼͲ壬Խеͷת򣬡֮ǰԻ˸ߣαظԼô鷳
ԼԸߣǸպ˳𣿡ң
һڡ޷˵˵ŲŷԼǸһŲȽԼڵ嵱еˣæƽ͵ᷳҲйǣֻǡ
նĲģ͵ڹոȥ̫ǴΣʲô𣿡ңֱ˫Ŀʵ
ʦԩԴһζų庮£Ҳʼնƽľɴʱ˿̣޷ǣȴֻһί޴˵ݻǿƽյԹŭȴǲԶ
Ȼ𣡡޷ǻͷһ̬һʱţߣæǰס֣˵ȥֻǲΪٳµ鷳ϻڹվ㣬ȴǺʧȥ㡣
ңң˵ʶ֮ʱ򲻹˽⣬ЩݴԺұҲûκ¡£Ҵò׵ˣԲ𡣡
ңסӿһĿУƽϸ룬̾˿Ҳԣʱȥȷвס
˵ţ˶٣ֵҲǳ֮ƣ뿪õ֪ҲվǸҸǲǴӹմʲôҪȡɻҪ㾡ͻȥͷܸЩ֤ݣܹ֤ԪȷЩѪԵϵֻҪûֵ̫󣬶ԪӦҲڷҪɱ졣
޷գ˼Ƭ̣˵ӣ˭Ϻú˵
ܹǸŮӣô࣬ڹ֮ͨ˰ɣң
Ǿֻнˡ


54 . ֻֻ
βڿͷĴ, תѡ
ڴ߿ƻŻ, Լǰ˿ڱ, ʱͻȻ, ߵ£㶼֪ˡ
õ𣿡˵, ؿڱǵˣ˻ҵ, 󡣡
ʲô£βһ, ޵˵Ӱʵ, أ
ǰǺҧһƻ, ߽ߵ, ôֽô׽ģ
ʲô˼βƵʵ
ûʲô˼Ц, ôһ, ۲۰ȤƵһЦ
治֪ЦβƷ˸۵
ЦЦ֪ǰǸӲ磬ûѻ˵ȥǵ˱ˮظ, , ⶼʱ, Ъһ, ģ
ͬûʲôĵġβƱȥ
ͬ˭ģ˵, ϵ, ܲýʦܵɣйŮһ, ಻㡣
ǲʱô˯βСֹ
ʱ룬ֲʱ㵱ҹè𣿡޴ڵǺʸеʮΣιܲܺú˵
ûкú˵˵㣬˵ҹèӵҲ㣡˵ʲôˣβֱӣ
УҵĴ˫ֺʮһιҪ㻹ЪŰɡ
˯ţҪ磡βƲƲ

ҲܣҪҽ⵽ô£βƵϻڹռǣֹûнô׽ôھΪˣҶڽϣ
⡭ΪʲôҪͰʱĿɿڴ
ΪʲôöҽͣŮϴξһֱңǰҴΣǷѨƾʲôͶôãȴ䵭ҪߣβƲ
ǡӦô㣿ʵ
Ȼáβ˵ţֵͷ١ٲܴô˳ҿ˲ʹ졭
ôǡ
ҪʲôݣʶģӦƫ̻𣿡βƴ˵
ʶ硣˵ܴʲô
ĻȶҺöˡβƱű
ǲ͵ʦ㡣˵
ʦ㣬ǸŮʲôˣβƵִ
ǡ˵ϲĹ°ʵ˵󣬾Ϊֻ̾˿㲻ֱӸңҪʲô
Ӧ˰ң͵ðﵽסβҧҧȻҼң͵мҿɹ顣
޳ȥǰɣһƵð죬ȱľýţȥҸõģͷˡ
˭ҪýˣӦҵ͵ø𣡡
ô𣿡ʵ
Ǹˣ˵ô𣡡βƺ۵
˵ϣĪ˵ǰǽɵҲôһˡ
Ĭãʵ벻ʲô취˵ֻҡҡͷת˳ȥ
޷ǾվʯԵȺ򣬰ѷĶԻһ
ź̨ףԺװεļɽʯϣʵô죿ǵĻ
޷Զԣֻ޲Լ⣬ʹڵ鷳
ûʲôرĶʲôҲ㲻棬϶˵ʵ˵ѹʦ˵¡ҪȥܴӴ˾ˡ
ˣҹܲˡ޷˼ą̃ףȥͬѻ˵ҴӴԺ󶼲ٹܡұȻݣ㶦Ҫ鷳ҲǴˡ԰գ㼴ǰš
˭ڴβû
ҡ޷ǵ
㡭βϲȻܿʲô
ûʲôĻҾͽˡ޷˵ţ˽ȥ
βƼ̱ȥڲңһⶼûС
Һг⣬˵仰޷ǶԴᷳѼգƽͣƣһ±ж硣˺˾Լ߰ɡҲٹܣҲδȷеĳŵҲֻǸ㣬ᾡ𸴡
ϻڹգѾˣԪ㲻㣬Ҳﲻ㡣´ͷβҲκǮƣҲǷģҲضκβͶμҵĶԹҪôճԼ£ҪǻǻҲֻԼе
㡭ô飿βعͷ
Ǿ飬´ͷβֻ֮Уδӹκθ飬ʰо֡Ҫ»кܶ࣬ûͬ޷˵꣬תżУܾ˿Ƿ㣬ǷǶμңֲͷϡ԰գ㼴ͷҲ߿
βƴıӰʧſڣͻȻһᣬˢ
ҹΨһˣߡ
ճɢأͶů⡣
βվڷǰ̨£ԺţһҩæСǰǰ
ˣһǶЪŰɣιȥ
βһۣſھȴѺĻ˻ȥãǲר˽鷳ģ
Ҳȫô˵ֲǴִ̿ͣΥ岻˺ߵһʯϷҩ
ǰ£Ҿ뿪β˵⻰ʱŤΣ֪ڵЩʲô
ѽĿ¶ϲɫʲô£˵
ҲҪҰ죬βƵ
˭ѽ֪ʡ
֪˵˭βСֹ
㲻˵ô֪һ̯Ϳ
޷ǣҾҪȥβƴ
УھȥתҪǲҲû취˵űת߿һһ˻ԶβƵ˵˵ʲôʲôҪûȤ
ôܣԼȥβ˵űܿ
Ψֳӣæȥÿβӭײϸմ߳޷ǣŴ죬סȴ޷ʲôҲû˵ֻǰƿβȥ
ô˵ưˣβת׷ȴ̨ϻһӣǰ˵ڵأۼ޷ԽԽԶҰĶȥ²˽𣿡
Լ޷ͷҲء
ȥǲҪ𣿡βڽĲºòߵĸͲڶμҵĶ֪Ǵ͵أ
⻰޷Ƿͣ½Ųüͷһۣղ˵ʲô
ҾںԺ棬ҴȥҡβһƲ죬
޷һĬֿһ۽ӵͷһ£ͬβúȥ߳ţһ󣬶βָŽһйºۼأ
Լ֡޷˿
ǲңβƵһۣ߷ǰ£ڳһֻֽйƵһ


55 . ɽſ
ʦɫҲÿ, æǸֽ򿪣ŷһƤûбĲӣ涼ǴССͼ
, ǸõС, ʽҺν·, ɢɢıʼǣЩע, ĵá
ͼϿȷμҵ޷ǵЩʽǾ, 䲻, ǶԪġ
ģβƣСʵ
үү, βƲ鲻Ը, ͵ѧμҵ, ͵ѧ͸ҵģɺô, һΪ, оĶ
Ȼȥ˵ɡ޷ǽӹݹĵףתӺ˻ȥ
ôβָ߿ķ򣬲
ôû𣿡Цá
޷˵ף㾶ȥңǰߵšƬ, ң˳, һ, ʵˣ
ǰ, ޷ǵϵ, , ҪҪӶ͵Ķ
ҿ, ҲδܿףңһӹһʵǶμҵ𣿡
²ǡ޷ҡͷȴңĵٶͻȻ˫ҲͻȻϴ¶֮ɫ㼴ʵ֪ʲô
߰㡭ĳģȷǵףң̧ͷüʵ
⣿޷Ǿ쳣üһ
ʽúң˳ǵߵģҲȱȫң˵ţߵԶ£ʰһؿ֦ʾһʽ԰գֽ׶УԿ֦衣
޷Ҳ򿪣ĶͬͼһһӦϣЩͼϻƫٿ˳ƪȴһǳɣˮһ㣬ȴʧһ
ң굶Уվͷ۵ƬҶ΢΢һᣬƮƮļͷ
ҴǰҲףΪ׽ҵ׽ȴǸûдСңҲ֪ԭ׵
Ҳ˵ⱾɽɵѧȴԪ㳭ȥ޷Ǿףʵ
Ⲣɽɵ书ңҡͷ⵶ֻҺͽ㣬˵òãͲˣʱ̫СԼʽ˵ҳԺС
ī¼ЩͷӦʹɽԺ󡣡޷ǵ¹ɽ𣿡
ʮǰصɽɣû¹ɽֱȥң
ˣǶԪȡʹĵ޷΢΢üɷǵΪȴǽ˵ǽֱ£˵ҲڶԪ֮ϣΪεڽУ´˵
ףԽԽŹˡңԪ͵ĶβߣضԪǲŹģôһͨܶ˶ˣӦܿҲ֪Ϣ
Ҳûôأ޷ǵ⵶׵ֻ㿴óԪ㲻֪ݣ¶ԣֻǶһΪҪ֮ȥˣ˶ֻΪгĵóȡҲš
Ҳ򰡣飬㲻ỳ𣿡ң
ӦãʹŮ򡣡޷˵Ҳ㸸һ򣬶ỳɵʹͷϡ
ΪΣĸղȡңŮ֮磬
ĸյȻûʲôˣֻԸ֮ܴڰˡ޷ǵ֪࣬˼·ſŻǡһ֪У벻˴
ң˵ͷ
¹ϵش󣬻ǵøʦ޷һ˼ʵҪͬȥ
ȻңԪһҪôһ¡
޷΢΢ףǣһͬȥﺮ֮ﺮԴ󾪣Σתңʵ˵ģǵԭʹ֮
Ӧˣңͷ㲻ңҲ۹⣬ѣĸӣƷΣежᡣ
Ҳǲ㣬ֻˣ鷳ˡﺮβƽԪȡ֮͵ߣǷ񽻻ԪʼҪɱڵģǡ
ʲôңʵ
öμŮﺮ²õʱõһȡ
ԪҪ˶βƣɱǸף޷ǲ
ⲻһﺮҡͷЩʧɢŮϻ޹Ҳ˲¼ɣԪ㲻Լ鷳
Ҳ˵Ҫǵϣֲöβߣң
ºѡ޷ҡͷ
ѣҪ㲻⡣ﺮȤ
ʦ޷Ǳһ뷢ȴֲܡ
Цѣص档ﺮЦ¸պиᣬҸ㿴˵ţתһֻŷ⣬ݸ޷ǡ
ǡ޷Ǵż鿴һ㶣Ҫѡţ
ǽġŽ³Źٰ䣬ӹͬѡΣεͷ֮ˣһš
ﺮʮ֮λһֱȱλֶ̽ζûнҲΪյҷȥţи֮£ɴճ̣˳Ҳټ·ӢһãһΪѡһ֤ҲΪ̽ȻЩӡ
˵꣬˶٣ֵǱҲȥţͷѾûˣЩӣӦѸҲ͵ΪʦڹǵģӦΰӣʱڸǰͷ¶棬׻᲻
ҪɱӵˣӦڰ𣿡ңϾ½ĺˣ˶ʶܻЩԸղŶԡ
ˣӵ֡ﺮ룬ɣ»мµʱ䣬ȥݷΤ֣⣬öβƣܣߵ£ֻٴӳ顣
Ҳֻˡ޷ǵͷ˼
뿪鷿ߵԺſʱңȻʵͬβƶ˵ʲô
޷Ǳסһ㶣ȴЦе棬˭˵ģԸѶ
㲻˵޷ǵʦͬҲûнֻȥ»û£ңǷǶԪ㲻ңûǡԭҲûϣŰ˴߱ˣ˭֪ȻԼѶˣں¡
ԼѶң󣬡Ϊأ
Ҳ֪޷ãȻҡͷ˭֪ʲô
䲻˽ң͵ĶӦڱ⣬ң¡
޷գü


56 . ϵ
, ˽ϡ
һص걳һֲߵô⣬ͣ˽Ų
֣, ֻм, ʵǲǸǸ˭
𰡣¥ߵĻ꿪ڵ, Ҽߣ
Ŷ֣ȻͷԭǴġʦӦ䳡@ʹթ, ʦŻ˵ָµûһ֡Ҫ˭Ӯ, Ͱ˴һµˮ
硣ͷ, ȥ
ͬʱԺ䳡, ὣվڳ, ǰˤ۵ƨ, ˿꣬Цһ˭
, ̨µ@ø첲˴һԵ, ȥѽָܶʦԱ߿أ
ҲȥĮȻ
ôأǿʦֵܣ빲, @ʹ粻֮, ͼȰ˵, ˵ˡ
ԼǵĻ, Լճʼճü, 
ָϷ踺ڻ, ԶԶЩڳϱ, ¶ĵЦ⡣
ֳƽղںɫıﺮµӡ޷ɢϲ֮£뵱ҭ˻˵
Ը֣ĥĥЩʦʦõ۽ΣЩ˶ԣֻ޺
һʯǰ޷ζ˿ϾƣŤͷһĦң㿴ֿʼˡ
@ѵ˶ϲңˣøˣȻôƤǡ
Ǿַֻܹʦ̫ڱϣڶŰ¡޷ҡͷڴȤ
̨ţһſЩָӵУվһνСŮ۳С㱻УŸոʮꡣ
۳ߵУڽǰվݸЦʦᣬҿɲǸʦֳͷҲ֪Լ书ãһӮ˽ʦ㡣ǽѵлܺʦд裬ԡ԰գһ¶һõЦ
Сĵ㣬ǲñŮӣôһЦǲĶ֣ǻܣѽ˻ȥ
˭֪ʱ@ȴ۳ŬŬ죬ʾû֣һʤ
ڸʲô@һƳ飬̴ֹ
תͷƼһĻЦһָ@ĵѽҵš
˵⻰ת۳ʦãҿɳˣ
ã۳ͷ΢΢ʩ漴С
ʵᣬСֹѷɫδȴҲķλóֹأˡ
ʦ㲻ùǣҲˣЦ֪ԼԶؽ
ҪԿͷˡ԰գƺ࣬ɨ̡һʱʱڵء
ңԾվȴѿ첽ǰ˷𣬹ʵû°
û£ЦѤã֪Լˡ
˵⻰վֱӣһ±䳡أһԷֵʦ»ٶ̽ҿɲԺŰ£ϱ˴ſڵϡ
áһЦͷ
⡭ûˣ@ΣЩʦֵܽöһ飬ŷֽôһͨԼˣ뽭ԹֻڨЦ񴡣
ԾɲΪȻƳһۣ˵
ɣ@˹ָҲõˡ
⡭ٺٺ١@鲻ѣֻܲ鲻ԸվŹһĻ߳ʱ򣬶˰޷Ǻᣬ㻺վ˴ȡ
@Ƽ˾Ȼ⣬ʦ֣
޷ЦһҪɣ
ôᣬ@ڰ֣˵ǴСһ𳤴󡭡ǲǡܰ˵˵飿Ҫ¾ˡ
Ķʹթ컹ܣҧҧһĥ䣬Ҷˡ
˵ˣһҲŰᡣ޷ЦԼӦĻֲǡ
@ΣĿⲻԾͶңң״̽һԡ
ͷȵ
@üͺȣĥĥģ˱ˡҪԶ֮ˣдҿЦ𣿡
ҡ@ʦ֪ٴӲˣֻӲͷƤǰȥûվȽŲ㱻һţˤڵϣһ졣
ﱾͬ˵̻ͷ˹Σ㶡
˵ղ㻹͵Ϯһ̤@ǰ֪λʦֵܽÿж𣿡
ʦ㡭л˵@ȭ
ⳤ᲻ȥҾֻ̽㣬ðԼʲôλá½ţվŴ򡣡
@ŵ棬ޱ鿴˵Ȳֽ뵽Ҫʵ𶫵ᣬ֪ڴʲô
@˵һ죬Ȼ˹ľһȭбȻһвŻӳһ룬ű㱻ס˿á
ƽʱѧЩʲôüһôڵ޻𣿡԰գһѣбģҼ磬@Ʒڵء
@Һһһ㲻վˣҪԽܿĴ࣬װΡ
˲ˣû˼˵ţȴֻԭ˶ţŲԽԽᣬװ߿Զ
@̲סһֻ۾鿴Σûü㱻½һˤͷڵϡ
ʲôװһݺһţ
農һĻ˵ͷ
ǳϣƽԵӹػգһֱ@⺢ĸ꣬ΪǣԴǽ̵ٶ࣬δչҲڱ棬ȫްվֻˣˣƤӱµһǵͬ
ǽһ֣ƤЦ浽ʱ򣬾Ҳһ㶼治һɵˣδڡ
ʦ㡭ʦҰɣ@Դڵϣлˡ´ҼͶ㡭
ܶ㣬˱أһһ۵ҲУ򲻹Ͷѧѧı¡ǱṦ
⡭@鲻ԸͲ˰ɡ
ѵҪҷ𣿡ͷ
òá@æȡṦôȰ
޷ǣŤͷ޷ǣüŵԺߵĵطȻҷںδҺ@ͬȥ˭ȰѶû
ð޷չգǾͷڶľ¥ҸȡĶʲôʵģ
ҵӰɣͷȡľСǰݸ޷ǵľм˺ܾãҲûˣŪҲûϵʦʦԣʲ
޷ǵͷһЦӹľ㼴ݶݲȥһյĹ򣬱תԾ£ڵ档
ͳˣ@ɴۡ
ôңȥ֪ˡ޷ǳԶľ¥¥ŬŬ죬˵Ҳᣬһһˣ˵㸺ǰУʧʡ
⡭@˼Ϻһһһʱ֪˵ʲôá
ⳤϣҪȥ¥ţԷʵ
@˵أ@ɫ⡣
ˣ@˺ӽһúϰ䣬ԺҲƴڻˣСҡʦͷŹҰɣ
Ŷ˵ġ΢Ǿ
ˣһ㶣ҵأ
޷΢΢һЦ㼴ߵǰչֻ֧ľö˶ġ
ףӹӣϸ鿴Ѻۣͷ֧ӡ
֪Ȳˣض񡣡޷Ц߿صңվ
֪ߣʦҲͷģ漴˴Ĵָ
@Ļ˼˵ֻܻصλƨɣݹһֻСƿ
ҩ@һ㶡
˵ġҡͷ̾ȻûܹˣЩʲôҩﶼϵá
⡭@޵ݡ
ʱһԺſڴ˹ͷƼź˳
ɣ޷ǶԽʵ
ʲôüҵң
ǡ˿䳡ϵһ˵ȣֹ
°ɡڰֵָһڵӼ㶼½뿪䳡ֻʣ½Ǽˡ
ʲôˣʵûˣʲô˵ģ
ûУֻǡ·˵űתҪߣȴһ˻
˵ʵüȵ
ǡͻҲšΪ˵˵ŵסġ
ĸƨھͻȥ˦֣Ҫȥǣ
ò㣿޷ʵ
òţʦˣҪŶβƣ𵽴ܡһߣһ˵ţͷҲء
߳ţǣǨƥһԾһصģҲ̫࣬һȥչ˵£һš԰ձ㼴
һ·˳ţϷȥ·ɡ
ʲô·졣ûᡣһĸ·ȫȻδܲԽԽѿɫ
ƻϼɢɫ
޷վԺУʱΣԽеԾ
ϸ룬ԥҪҪ׷ϿȻһͷȴң
Ҳûкúóԣ뽭£ңʵ
޷ǵ˵ͷ
ҲòԾԼӦżҸ֣壬˵Ǹʱûñˣȴǿ쵽δʱ¶档ң
˵
ֻһʱȥ׷üңݸͷ˵


57 . ¶
Ͷ, ͣ˼ʱ·ȻҹȻҰأ䡣
ڿѼ, ͣ, ߵӱ, ˮϴ˰ֺ˼g, ͷȴټ
𣡡һǰǣ, һ, ѰӰȴȻһӶ߲
ɿ, , һ, ǡһö̼Ǽ⣬Զһڡ
˾, ˼, ̧ǰ㷢һ˻
˭ߺһȴڰ֮УڳӰΧס, Ц, ˭ͬףһ, ô, ǵ, ù𣿡԰, ȡ彣, ̶ͦ
ЩڣҲ·żҰȲӽҲͷ¥Ĺ
Ƕ˼غϣԾδ֣ʵǼǴģղͬеǸأǰǡ
١ͷЦȥɣûİ֣
Ŷ̻⣬һô˵ˣҪܷģɵӣ԰գнֶ˼
˵ĿģȻҪȡ֪ʲʲô±Ҳ顣
ԼƵһж༫·磬㾡ΪȣһֵŴ˷ıһ波ԿԼƥ
˭룬ͼȴͷ˿һƺһö̼ƥƨɡ
ʹ̧ӱҪˡƲǰȥȴҼ紫ʹͷһȴͷѱһխı̴͸Ƕ
̧ͷʱȻﳤȥ
˵һһšǿʹǱ壬漴֣ǰɨȥһˡ
Զ֣ƵӦҼˣҲǹ߳ý֣ԲŹ߰Уұ۱ֶ˼˿ڣɼǡ
ǵʲô·ҧأӱߣۼãһֻףݲһԾȥͷ֮˵ɴͬʱǸҲǰһ̳պôء
ҲպôϷҲ룬һѳȻûüòǰְһƣԵȥصˮС
ˮԱκҼ綼еڣʹ価ˮվȴʧѪ࣬ʶԽģֱʹȥ
ɫ̫Щ˲֪ˮΣһ죬ˮȥѰȴʱһ˹ͷ˶˵ãһӱ޷ǵ
ôˣҲû¶޵ĺۼһֱڸ·
˵ͷβԣңôƫƫʱ򡭡
ⷬԻü룬㼴֮һ֣鷳ߣ԰գһѸٳˡ
ǱߺңþɽУһЩױڸǵ켫Ϊ
޷ͬһ֮ϣ죬ȥӱߣƼһǽ壬æͳ۴һգƼü̯Ѫ޷֣Ѫ
޷üǰ鿴Ѫһֱ쵽ӱߣɴ󾪣ˮˣ
ôƥȥͬңӡ쿪ȥķ򣬵кܶӡǱΧסˣ
ˮԺܺãǸҲȥ޷ǻһͬ鿴㣬ҡͷ˵ֻмӡģΧˡ
˵ûаǽ¥𣿡ң
˵޷ҡͷֻźˮȥңԸƽ¡˵ţңˮηѰȥ
ҹ޾ǶźӰѰһ·δҼټ޷ԽѰԽãоѣֱƣߣ̱ڲݵϣסϢ
ôء컹緢ҹ¡ңںӱߣͷᣬղ;Ѫζɵ㵭ˡ
ˮǻģһ˵Ѫж٣޷ҡͷ̾Ҳġ
֪ˣһʼ͸øңղѡ
˭뵽¥ҲǸͽ޷ǱĿһ
ɾ𣿡ңüͷûбİ취
޷ҡҡͷ룬˻ǻʣḡˮ
Ҳ룿ǵɴ۾
Ҳûİ취ֻܵ޷Ʋɢȴƫƫ޼ƿʩ
ңҧҧȴģʱ·²鿴һ飬ڰ죬Ծûнƣһɣ̧ͷźɫ֪˯˹ȥ
ּƵͷʱɢأˮӳˮɫҲһ㣬ҫĿ΢ķһִҶϸɳɳɳɳһҥѰɽСԽ쳹С
Ÿҥ걳Ų񵶣ߵӱߣͲȡˮȴԶĲݴſŸˣ߽˷˹ŷǸŮӣüĿ㣬ۡҼؿڶ˵ˣȾ˴ʶ뻹Ƕȥ̽ϢԼûЩϢȡ²񵶲䣬ʱ·ȥ
ɽ·תȻסСľһƬ£ر˼صϢ
Ůӱطľϣʪ͸̽̽ͷ̾˿ѶʪˣҪȾ纮һ鷳ҪǸѣǻڣô졭ͷһǴݽǵ﷭һŮӵѷڴߣҳһ޽ҩɴŵڴߣǻԵŮӵԲ𰡹´ȨˣҪڣҲһḺ𵽵׵ġ˵⻰ԥƬֽ̣⿪Ҹ´
ŮȻǽҹˮƴŽγһ·ˮлԣˮƯںˮŻغѰ˵ʧۣ֮쵽峿űˮһߵĺӰСͰҴܣһֱϰ䣬ӹǺǽʵôʱڣҲû˻ܺȣֻ˯˺ܳʱ䣬ֱתѡ
ŻԴɨһۻ谵ľݣĿⲻת⡣ɽĻƻ裬ƶѵϼ۲һŨƷָһһƬƬǳӣֱ쾡ͷ뵿ɢһƬڡ
ݺĴ̲֪ʱƮ˹ԾӣҲ㰡
ŷ˵꾭ǰӣ̷ϲĹ⣬漴Сǰţ߽˶˵ǰЦҿŲףӦǴ˼ҵĹɽûʲôóԵģֻ㽫ˡ
ţŻعζͷһϵĴֲ̧ʵһѣ
ԲԲ𡣡æ·ˣ˫ֺʮǸ֪ŮܲףѶʪˣң˿ҲҪֻһʱѻ㡣ûð֮⣬ʵǡ
û㣬ô¡Ц´Ȩˣ˭ôġһллء
ǡҿ˽ӣһҪεġС
Ժ͸ҰɡмҲ˲˳ֱ˷ˡ
𣿡
ҿЦģ棬һڷæڳÿӵҡҡ׽ŷ˵飬ֲ⣬һۻٿⲻɣ
˵꣬ķʵһһ㣬ǱСЩ꼸ˣ
ٹС꣬ʮˡҪǲϲôУҲԸĿڵġҽأ
ʮꣿô˼ʦܻС꣬Ǹý㡣
ǡҾͲĿˣЦ
㣬Цսһ֡ұ㻽㰢Σ


58 . »
ɿЩ, Ƭ֮عʶףæĿ⡣
һˬ, ױ, Ӳ硣ѹʵĸ׵Ҳһ, òҲŴ֣㲻Ǿ, ҲСɫ
ֻеɣʶ֮˻ٶɫ
Ψǰ, Ǽ˻Ե, һ⵽ģҲΪŮ֮, 塣ľ, ȻʶӶͬ
һֲ赭, գۼ㱻Ľһɨգưļ, Ŀɿڴ
סɽҰ, ĸףΨһһŮӡĸƫƫǸŮӣ˵ȷҲʵ˼ʶ
㻹𣿡ʶʵ
, ˵, һϿ, һʵ, ǲǻûأ
ﻹз, ȥȾС˵, ȥϴ, ˣǧҪҶǻʲôҪܽҾˡ˵⻰㽫̶˳ȥ
ŤͷϷţգգۣ˼
񴿾ΪЦҲ̵ģ棬ʵǲɶá
Լı׷ɱһֱڴ˴»ɱ֮һ֮󣬱뿪
ЩǮΪȻڻµѺһͨңȴҲɣˮˣҲϣͨͨʧ
ϸ룬ֻôһ֮зһīڴͷµľ£С˳ľݣȷ˺󣬷תԶ
ԴȫȻδʰһУصڣֿһˣüôصˣôܣУҵðһ뵽Ҫţȴڴͷǿ壬Ϊ֮׷ȥ
ɽֵ·˺һҲûˣ㾶طȥٽ·ڣÿһˣѯʣʼǿī塣
û𣿡·˱ȻͷͬҲ࡭ܱҪһЩ
ûʻ˰˰֣㼴ת߿ʧѣ̾˿̧ۼӭһˣǰѯʣȴȻ˿ס̧
󾪣ͷȴԼֵöī屻ǰ֪Ӻζİߣз㼴ŭΪҶ
ĶЦ£Ǵӱİɣģ
˵ǰ֮͡Ǵӽ׷Ѱһδ޷ǡ
ī񲢲ټôȷǽģһԵңǰнӹǿī鿴
ī˭ɵó޷˵ţ¶һѾɫ
ǵʲôˣҪ޷ŵ֣ſң
λӲǻˣңһ˼ôнĶ
ʲôüĽ٣г⣬ƾʲôǡ
㲻˵ʵ߲ˡ޷ǵҿ㵽˴䣬֪ܵʲôɣ
ʲôЦأ
ʦ㡣޷ǵ
˵Ǳˣŷ
޷ҡҡͷȡһöľƣǰ˻ΣļܸϵãǲҲһƣ
á濴˿ƣ֣üĶ˶ôһ
ǾͶˡ޷ɿŵ֣˵ʵˣ
ҲֻǿˣȥΣˣˡüչ˵úأҵġ
˵úأģ޷üһ
򡢸첲ؿڶˣȻҩҲûô츴ԭĿ⽹ƣǡ
ȵȣ޷ǻعζתҪߣæʵղǲ˵ˣǡ
ôʲôһƿ֣Ҳʲôϵ֮Լ£Ḻ𵽵׵ġ˵ţ㳯ŲԶӵ̯λȥ
㡭޷һʱûüסҡҡͷңʵǲʲô
أҪң˵ţ㼴ȥ
Թǰţһ˼Ҳûнعͷһվˣſڣȴֹ
׷ɱ᲻Ͳߣң룬ת޷ʵ
ǰλСֵ˵ģˣŶԣ޷ǵĽҰ룬·ƫƧУ׷ɱֻڳ׵öࡣֻһˣӦðա
ˣߵñҿ졣˵꣬Ȼɴ۾ˣôû뵽
û뵽ʲô޷üͷһ
Ҽ֣ϤǶˣױ·ˡ˵ֻҪ׷·֪᲻ᣬ


59 . Ƴȷ綯
¹⴩Ҷ, ڲݵϣһƬĻ̴ǵķ϶͸
ãд, ȻϤĺ㣡
ңǰһ, æѭŻ˹ȥ, ԴԻĲݣȻңĴѰҡ
ֻ뵽, ޷ң
㣡ɱ, , 벻
Ҳû뵽·ôߡεЦЦ, ̧۸պü޷ǻ˫, γҡҡͷ, ŬŬôǻȥˣ
ҵҪ, ôһ⣿أ޷΢΢ü
ôҡ԰, һ飬йŹ֣Щ֮ǰ, û, ֪ȥ
ҲĴ, ޷ǵ, һ, Ҳ߶
ⲻһͷ͡òСӣ϶⡣֪Ӧ
ˣңǰ鿴, ϼɴ, üͷҪء֪Ǻµ֣
ǵ书·Ҳʲôá˵Ȼ𣬶Ǳйء
ԣ¥Ĳ𣿡޷üԽ
֪ҵþȥ˵꣬֡סһָָ޷ʵôģ
޷һԲӻͳǿī嶪С
塭һ𣿡
㣬м˻ɫ᣿޷ǵ
ôˣÿ𣿡⡣
㣬㼱ųţҪ֮Ūˡ
ҲŪֻǡ˵ţת޷ǣʵϴǮ𣿽ҵ㡣
޷ǲȡңǰݸӹҴ򿪣ŷǮ
Ǹʲôã˻ȥ
ְѸҡҼŸ·ΪǮ°ɡһ˵
ãҡͷü˵ҾȽ㲻ΪǮƣҵʲôˣ
ֻⲻȥԾǡ
ˣ޷һԿò֪˵ʲôźãæö˴סѼ˼ҵģұͬȥµģ»ȥˡôȥ춼Ҫˡ
Ҳáͷֿһȴüͷ֪Щʲô
һ뿪֣ţڶһȥĳ̡
СطµҲôһңʽҲ٣㲻˶ΧЩϡŹֵѱߴɫ𽥰˵⡣
һ뵽ѱҪ룬ֻﲻζȴ˵ΪΡɾʱȻһֻ֣ס죬֮С
ǯƣ޷һŷԼǰΧˣסԼǸ䣬ҲͬĴ硣
ȺΪ׵Ǹӣһ೤˰̣ɷǡ
ϴ󣬡סĺ˵СӰµúܣҪҪֱɱˡ
һҡͷ˵СǰսѾͷ͹һˣöԸúܡСҲˣ˸ţҲǸӣʲô֣ǿɶ֪ۡ
ϴ˼ǡ
ǱӲӲͰСӵʣͬǽ˵ǰ죬˶̫࣬ҡȴȥ˵԰գһ֣½ΣСһͷ뿪
ͬʱڳһҺ̵ȹ˰죬룬ҲܹۣҪ
ȷ޷¶
㣬㲻ңӽҳһѣѩɫӣȹ°ɫģɫŴȻֲڣȴҲͿ
áӹѣһ¡
˵ţȥѡ޷ǻܣֻʣԼһˣŲ֪ȥ˺δ㼴˳ӣǰҶ鿴һü룬תصպÿ򡢽Ⱥ߳
ˡ޷ǵ룬ӦԼ뿪ġ
ˣʲôʱ򲻼ģ󾪣æܳȥ
޷Ǽ״ͳǮڹ̨ǰңһͬ׷˳ȥ
ôҲ˵һأܵȥˣų˺üȦûܷӰ
ҿƺֿͬԣ᲻𡣡޷ǵɱˣ¾⸽
Ҫɱңץʲôʵ
жٸˣңʵ
šʮɣֶߵ
ҹˣûѪ޷ǵӦûɱˣֻǾãڳɱˣûʮգʡ
ǰ׳𣿡˵Ҳʶ죿ƾʲôܶ϶һԸȥİȫ
ɱ𣿡޷Ƿʡ
סΣҡҡͷ
زЩЮʣҪ٣زȥռͶޣңȻʮˣܲסǵĵطҲ࣬ҿɡ
ԣԼͬ˵ͷ
յһ翪ʼģʱɴꡣⳡÿ죬ȥҲ졣
廨󣬿лһ鲼һķϵСһһ˽һ½⣬ߵڵǼ
ķѾõլԺǰֻһխŢС·˾
СУһԵʹ˸ɫµ⣬ʢˮľͰһá
ѣһǼˣ
ʵ㣡һԵĺ˺ݺݺһţߵڵء
ҡҡָ̱ǰĲ˳
Ǵģʲôŭң
㣿Ц㵹˵˵ͬŮʲô
ô֪Щȥǣң
Ӵ쵹ǺӲӻһ⵽ǰӸ³Ҳ̧ͷ⡣
ɰ󡣡˵
ɰ󣿡µĺ˽һ㶣⣬ðɡ
Ҳܲˡӵ
һĻŽɽ⿪˰ϵϵȴ⿪˫ַڵ棬ͼվȴôһĿȻɱһŲƣ̧ѹȥ
ָֻǷ׷׷֮죬෢һҺȥ
ٲ˵ʵҲˡƿţۿȻѪģ֣
˵ˣҲ֪ȴɾǿ
Ц֣ȴ⴫һǸ·ˣαΪѣ
½ţŤͷƳһſڣվЦһΪСˡ
ҽܵȥżߵԣ鿴ƣҡͷпǷˡ

ԣ
дСŰŰŮƫŰ


60 . ƶ
ʹ, ȫںϣϾ
ҲǵһμǸŮˣͬϵǳ, Ůˡһ, , һ˵, ҿ
Ŷ֪ЦһŮж£, 㻹ڿһ, ڲӪںţ
Ǿ罣ˣ, ȻЩں֮ںõöࡣ˵, 㼴, һִԼϣһ, , úõʣôɱˣ㲻ǼҶү𣿡
ĽʲôүҼӲǰ¥ˡһظ, , 㶼ڸǰ, ҲøĿˡ
ĿڣЦ, ¥Ҫ֪ôһ˵Ķ, Ҳڡ
Ҳס뿪, Ҳûô, һȥˣôԲ˶ߣ
˵߳ӣһǰء
δЩݽǻһͰˮǰ˹ϴ˿ڣĨҩࡣ
ʼգδڣֻĬĬͼĿʹࡣ
㲻书˵󣿡𵭵˵ﶼǺΣյˣҲԶԶġ
ܡ˿ھʹ³ÿһ֣ʮּѡ
գĬƬ̣˳ȥ
ʱһȥĻƻ裬ϼ졣һ˳ŴͽµŢ㼣ҵķϵլԺ
һƬּ֣Ĳݴһ˸ߡңǰߣһҲݣ΢΢̽ͷֻƼһլԺ⡣
𣿡ңָָǺˣԽʵ
ͷ¶ȵɫңû뵽׷ٵıôǼߣһۼҲôֵģ
ɽѩ߹㼣ҲױѩڸǡûľݣԱ򣬱Եηλ̵ķ㹻˽⣬ܱ֤ԼͻȻһ㲻ѩңƽĿʼնڴǰլӡ
жˣ޷΢΢üֻһţ᲻̫ˣ
ҹҽȥң˷£ҹ¹Ҳ̫ױǷ֡
ȥɡ޷ǵ̫Σա
ṦãҲɣ̽嵱ʵңݸİɣֲˮϣӡ
㵱Щ޷һĬصص˵ͷ
ɫԽԽңƹǸ׾ٱǱլ޷ͬԾУԶԶš
ʵҲô鷳ſھһˣץʾ֪ʲôˡſǸ˼
Ҫƭأô𣿡޷üЦʣ˵ôˣƽʱԴͦģôͻȻͲˣ
һǵһ۱ˣˡһƽʱЦɣ̹Ȼ˵Ҳ˵˵ôġ
޷ЦЦûٽӻ
˵ʵҲ͸йأʦ֣ңôƫƫͺղѡ
ôⲻȥҲѾˣ޷Ц࡭㲻ǶԸʳָôȥˣͣΣ
Ǻ˵ô򷢵ľ㣬΢ϣ²źá
˵⻰ʱңȻԺںڰĽ䣬ԶԶŵΡլӲͳֻԺӣķݣҲֻŵơ
һǰ˺üˣƵ󷽣ȻԾݶŲһƬߣȥֻƼһϣͷαһ֪ǻְźɴ¶⣬͸Ѫ㡣
ˣңһȥȴǰԻ
ԼԶȴ㻹Ǹˡ
ҲǡĻӦƺ
˼һΪ˶ءǳ֮˵Ц̶
ô롣
أű㿪ˣң֨֨ѽѽڣƬֻ¶һѲϸ죬²鿴
һֻװͷֽԵСϣ˿ʹҲóԶ𲻰Լ
ͬһ·ġϢ߰ɣҲҳԡ
ԣһͷһС¡
ô£ңƼ˼Σ
˼⣬Щ̿ʹһ벻ףһ̿Ϊ飬ģ
ңٶתԾ·ֲ鿴һ䷿Σ˳ʱ·ص֡
šʮҲࡣңԺεָӦд̵ļ𡣡
˵꣬üʣ˵ˣ˵𣿡
֪Ϣ鸡ûʲôҲ֪ΪˣΪңΪˡ
ͬЩ˽֣޷ǶԽǱΣ
ͷˡҪûˣܶԸ߸˼ƣҲûʲôա
ܶԸ߸Ҳԡ޷룬Ӧˡ
õ𣿡ңʵҲ˽ĵϸٵо١һʹֶΣס
û⡣ͷԸ
Ǿûˡңһͷ
и⡣üǻҪһ·϶ͬЩ˾
޷Ի⣬ͷյƽˡ
ʲôƽ䣿ң
ɱˡֱ˫Ŀһһ


61 . нֹ
ǰǸվ̫, ҹȻڼȥǽ·㡣ûü⿪ϱһֻ, Ϣ, һš
Դһ, ڵϡ
ң£˿һ
޷ǿһ, ֵͷ˿Լšס֣鸴ӡ
ô, δ𣿡ңʵ
ǱҪ, ҲҪ޷Ǹп, 㡭
ܵв, Ѱˡңͷ, 
˵⻰ȥ, ȥĺȡ嵶˿, ⵶ã׵
ѻɹСԺϿգɳƵСߵһĨҲ˺ڰ
ԺѲӵĺߵ䣬һз, ̻ͷܡһ˷ӦЩ, ޷ȫһ, Ѫ, ƺһڵϡ
зۿ, ̸ߺһ, ͬ齫Χס
ҲĴ, żΣתӣ㽫Ѻȴ뻹ûܳͷ㰤һػͷĿѣǿվȡ
ңһͷһԾ˸ǰ
Ҿ˵ֻһ۽⵭޷ɨӣǽѾͷʦܣ»⼸£㵥Ƕ֣Ǻǡ
ȻˣǱ԰ɡ޷˵꣬Ȼݲܿؾı
õѧ伮ӡʦʼԡͼΪԼһѧ¼С
ഫǰѵһѧţ⡶ͼУ׹򣬷Ϊȭơȡǹ߾
ֻͽ֮ţıѧοĸ֣ǾѰ˶⣬ȴһܽͼѧͨ
żյÿ֮ţҲʦ˼ˡͼһֱھ¥ײ֮ڣֻЩɢɢġںӼഫ
ˣǽ޷ǣЩ꣬ѧ书㲻ʮָԴڸԼиĸڡ
ҲΪ㣬˱䣬޷ǲŻȫ̿иµĽףԼﺮʱʱ޵ָ㣬ֱǰ׷¡
ûչˡңᵶָӣʤ˵ɡ
ӵһƳз棬Ϊ
ңǰѵ֮֮ѷɫ࣬ȻУʽɣ׼ֲܿ˲㣬˾ãǿҲܻΪ棬Ϊ˫ı
ʲôӵɴ˫ۣȴֻǰǱ䵶ǰʽһߣڻ֮ͨ£ȥ򾹶ƲʣûüӦáॡ죬Լĵֻʣ˰ء
ԹԣǸ֣Ŀɿڴͷǧ֮ء
ԭңѽ䵶ת£ѹ˼ͷ
ǧ룬ҲϲǰŮС㱾£Ҳʹ׹£ܾѹȣ˫ϥعأһʹϥȫˡ
ֻ𣿡ңһ޷ǣ˵⻰漴󣬿粽ǰһȭػСѪڵ϶á
ڣ޷ü΢ƺЩ𾪡
ϢˡңҪܶ༸ֶҾô㣿
޷Զԡ
˿󡢺ǰܵУֲͬХţš
׹Ⱥһһ֮ڵأһ󹦷ȣֻ˶ٴλӶ̵
޷Ǽ״΢΢ֵָе棬һɨͬʱȵǡôҲһ˾һڹۣպÿ϶̵⣬һ
ǵֵ˵Ҳ£һȭһ򵹵̲ȥ
޷һԾƮɵ°˾磬еǰһ˵ȭͷۣǵزСӣҲҷ˺һڣбƮȥ˸գûüı㰤޷ǴһȭǽڱѣŻѪ
ңԾȺӵɨȵ˺漴˵޷ԣһʣʮˣһһ롣漴ת䵶ԵֱһҼ磬ʱǻ顣
ϻڽұԣǲûʹȫ޷ǼһĻΪ𾪡
ûпⱣֻһֱûԹ׵ңӯӯһЦһѹǵĺͷԾ𣬺ɨգһ߷ˣ漴أͷҲأ䵶ֵǺؿڣĿͱְ˳
޷һӦʣǼˣһߵĶ𾪣ֻ塣ԼҪսȴɱ˽һˣʣǼȻҲ๦裬Լܱȵϵģ
ˣ졣
㡭һ¶ӣ˿
ңԣ̻ӵĨ˽ߵڵصĸҲһûϼУǱĨ˲ӣǱ䵶̴ؿڣûüлһ
ͷ޷ǣһƬ˵ʬУɫ°ڣѱѪȾ졣
Ķ޷ü𣿡
ңƳһڵϣֻнûгĴӣתӣƿţȴпһˣֻһȴ򿪣ڷҡҡλΡ
͵ÿˡ޷ǼϵӣߵǴԣ

ԣ
ǷǷǱŮſ޵һ


62 . 
ԭ, ڲ⶯󣬱͸ŷ쳯ңֲ, ֪Լ߳ȥ, 
⿪ϵ, ˴Ӵڴͼߺ뿪˭֪, û߼㿴˽
Сͱҵ, İ, ὣָ, , Ψ㲻Уûʸҵ, 㣡
ҵĿԡ˺, ͻȻֶ
ʲôŭһ, תֵĴôˣҪҪ
㲻عңˡʺ, Ϣ, ȴǿʹ, ˵
Ұ׵, Ȼ³, ֵױ֮Ľ, Ҳ˰ա
ҧ, ҲܲǵĻҡԲסҲԲסˡЩˡЩҿԲһҪȡ
ֶ֪ҵͲ㣡ʹ
ˣ𣿡ۿ죬ҧһһʵ
뿴ŭɶ
˵Щϻ֮䣬ųصĴϢ·򵥵ļ֣ܺľеȻ˺ܴĲſĿڡ
ˡ½ջڣһ
ģ鼱֮£һŲ棬ȴ𲻶ɫһȭػСȵʹɿ
󾪡
ԣְνҪĿڡ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ǧһ֮ʣıȴذһţĵҲɿǰǿվ
ͬʱǰһס
˵ɣôңᵶֱָġ
ȻЦ
æ֪ΪλᱳҵǰһУҵǲǲˣ
ЩǻӣƭĿġĿЦֻһ£֮󣬰Ҵӽҽ㡣
ʲôʱ˸㣿һ㶡
ǵãα𣿡ЦҡͷҵöģҺͽֱ˳ȥұ๤ȥһλԱ⸮Ѿߡ
˶٣ּ˵ǰұȥҹ֪ΪǼҹӵͨǹӳɻ󣬱ƶʵķ˷շת¥糾
⡭ˣһ
뷽跨ȴһ˽ʡ˵ţ˸⡣
ô˵أҵ߶˵ҿ԰˰ֻɸ֡
Ƿ糾Ůӣȥбķô¸ˮ
ΪΣң񷨣Գ˶˼άŮڣɶʣ˵ȥȺˣôҪ
ʵ𣿲лѵǴ֮áʻе첻ѣȫȻס
ͨҲãҲգ޷̰ͼŮɫö֮֮¡ף˲HԴͷɱҲûˡңĽ㣬㲻վһߣʲô
㡭⻰ҭס֪η
˵ûȿ㣬ŻǳЩ˵
ûУûУæֱ棬ƲΪλҪ뷽跨
֮˺ͷһԼ֣䣬㣬Ҿ㻵ˡЩ˰׽ٰѣ˵һ˫ֶҪˡ
ˣʲô˼ɫ䡣
ǡûʲôҡҡͷʦûģ
ԺǸͷ졣ң
ȥ˵꣬լԺȥңҲѺĽŲ
˻صԺУֻ޷ǴԱߡһ˻վٲˡ
˵ڣôôأ޷ǣ
޷ǲü֪˵źá
ҴңЩˣѶԸסж»ỵ¡
Ҳûá˵֪ǵ
𣿡ʵ֪ǽˣǡ
ûõģ˵ЩˣǽʮӸ޾ۼĺˣ϶ծеıٸͨе̳ƻ£˵͸ˡǣ֮ʲôҲ˵ġ
ðɣ㶼ô˵ˣǵȷҲûʲôֵͷ˿ǴӣҲȷ
أ޷ǴһԵζΪλͬЩһ
Ϊ˾㡣ң
н㣿޷һ㶣漴ת
Ҳǽ֪˵и㣬ԭֱͨǼĸȥ¥ҵ˺󣬻ûü㱻ҡ
ȷ޷𾪲ѣǻǲ˿ڴô
ȰĽȳȥǸ쵰˵
㣬롭Ž֣˵ʲôȴǰһڣȥ
ۼֿ죬æڻȴֹǶǺ˲飬ѷˡ
˵ʲôɫ䣬ץֿ˿
ʱ·м䲡֪ûйš޷ǰᱧתš
˵ڣ𼴱Ҳûж壬Լ˲ѺֻǷ˼Ѩһ
ѴȣߵԾɿţƼ϶Ѫһʱŵɫףˡ
Ÿ˰ȵ
һŷӦְ˽Űż˽̧ݣڴϡ
Ųĵƹ⣬ſҰ׵ɫĽֻ²Ծ
벻ǰ㵨ΪԼֻһ֮ԵĹͣˡ
ңҽʦһ𿪲ϵɴĲ̣˳ȥ޷Ǽˣɫתһߵ⡣
ü繳ھ죬
ң̧ۣ£
ʲô޷ʵ
ұΪЩ£𵴣Ӧƽң˵ţͷǲûС
޷Ǿ΢΢һЦ
ͻȻ֣Ӷɱ˵һ̿ʼͻȻ㲻֪ԼǸˡ
ô˵޷Цʡ
ǰҿ̹̹ˣ˵ҴеöˣӲ˺ӲԺأҸô˵ңĿƽһˮʣѧõɱ˵ļ䣬Ȼûһ˿ԥ󣿵ȴһֽһ顣
޷գԾ΢Цҡҡͷ
أôģңʵԣҲǰͬ𣿡
޷ߵһԵʯ£˵Ҵֵ鸸׵һ𣬱⣬һҪгˡΪǻҵһɱˣȴˡ
˶٣ּ˵룬ÿһ£ô˳ܶʱǶΪԼܹһˣһȷǸԭ򣬵浽һ̣֪ûоԵԭ򡣡
˵ţ̾˿ҲǣмȷԼʥˣǱǰһһˡ
ңߵԶ£ͷһԲ
Щֺû䡣޷涢ӿһ΢΢Ц㣬ϲ
ңܵĿУʶŤͷĿպӡ
ҹˮһ紵ң𲡷ļˣæת˻ȥ
޷㶣漴صսݣң˵µֻܰ
ü
һᱣ˵۲ŻˣҪõҽʦֱκֻΪֹ
Ҫβأ޷䲻ôһ䡣
ǾͿҪʲô˵ҪƽҾͰҸ徻ĵطãҪףҾͰѰһź¡ҪʲôҶᾡ
⻰޷ʶһڲ²ʡҲҪģѾõˡ


63 . ¶仯
ĵ, һźɫװİ׳һ·񱼣ܽʯ֮ڣڵϡǰ, һ[ӻת
һʣ׳˵, ¿ú, Ǹ𡭡Ҳˡ
׻Ƿָ֮꣬, Ҳûáһ, Щɾ, ûˡ
˷ģǮ, Ҳзû׳˳ʯ, , һǰתǽϵĻءҲʯ, Ӧ
ʯſһ˲, ʯӵҲ˳̳ѡĦŮ˵ĲҽУмŵЦ
Ů˱˺÷ѱⶪһľ̳䣬һࡣһ, ̵˽һϾɵľ, °, ŽżҲ޷ŵء
״, ҽ, , ޼, ֻܻһΧ֮˵ĳЦ
ŪûڽһĴ´վߵǰŮӵĺӵ㣬ʱ
ʲôѽһ˺ٺЦΪ˻˻ǸСΪԼûϣļ˰ɣ
ۼʯ⻰ôЦЦ̶
ƨ󺺾Ů˵ĳԴʹŮ˿Լǳģǵûͬ飬аӭŮ˵棬ҲС
Ů۵ӿ⣬һҧȥ
̵ģҧӣºӱףһŮ˵Դ̧ϥ͵ײȥһŮӣﾭܵסЩʱʵء
ǸʩĺֵͷôһͣŭˣȭͻºСأӡ
Ūûſڵİ׳һߵйĴͽǰޱ˵ˣðŮ˸ˡ
ֵǻûءºһݺݳڵϣȻʵŮһڣһЬҲôţҪŪ㲻ɣ
ķ˵ȥ季Ҳ湻ˣҲЩˣˣ׳˵ּ꣬һ֪˭һԣȳ鲼ѣŮһϼͷ߳ȥ
ŮˣȻĽ㡣ԭȥͨʱ˲ٿͷԱҵĹй񱣬ֲڷˣй˼ɷǽź򣬷Ƣµȵķ糾ֱܾ֮ǰЩӣ˴ţ¥˳ĻϲΪӴ˱ຣȴѣ뻢ڣûν𣬱㱻Щ˵￴ܣʼһֵجΣ֮ǰЩܵʹ࣬Ҫٱ
׳뿪عһӽʻһƫƧӾͷǸĳ³˽ȥȺԺԺһˣŶȣӸ¿ſڵϵһѱϢ٣ѪСˣùӵ°˰֣Ӿ
˹ӣһ֣һţӴӺԺľֱȥȻǵһθ¡
ߵ˸ǰڵϣ
ӣüͷһ壬ϴ˴գһɧǵ˻ɣ
û׳Ǳֵܼ˼죬ûϴɾ
𣿡˹ָкһƳҼ顣
»⣬³ȥϱõѣƵһ飬صû
ͷһָǰ׳
̫١׳ޱ顣
ЦһЬң⻹ˡ
ǲˡ׳˵ţҪ
ˣ޸֮ԱǴºӴ֮󣬱һֱûѹһڣԺ˫ۣȴû
ټһᡣ˶ҲĿӹûѣֵǮ
ɽ׳
ȥϴɾ˷ԸαһɣĵϹأǰǮˡ
׳һԲת߳Ժӡ
õǮ󣬱ݳ뿪Сʱ·ߡת˺ü䣬˹ٵϣû߳ԶƼһСк׷һֻСѼߵ˴С˱ǸĺķͽΪһزʶС·ǴһӿٶǰС
ǧһ֮ʣһӰȺ֮зӶǰץͣ˲ӡ
̵ģ˭׳ָ
֮˻Ƴһۣȴһ忡꣬ü͸һ˿޷ǡ
ҲǲŵɣպôӴ·
ûǰ𣿡޷ǼɷľҲ˵ϻк׷СѼԶת߿
ץסȺеԶԶƳǰ׳òԼе죬æ޷Ǻ
޷ʱ⣬ǰҪǰ׳׳ҲƳ˷֪Ҫϳ뿪ȴѱ޷ǿס˫ţλק
Ŀ־ܣȱ޷ȼȥ޷Կһ㿪д񣬵ֻáꡱһ𣬰㰼ȥһ飬ǼڵءҲ˾񱼶ȥ
֮ͬ˷׷ױǰ˲书ǰЭְ˽Žǰ׳ס
㣬Ťͷ·ΧԶ۷׷ףյߣ̫㡣
ȴߡ޷ּ̧ǰ׳Ѩʹȥ
ôйɹζңü
޷ǲԣַ̧ڱǼᣬֻһ˱ǶѬֱŻ


64 . Ⱥ
˽˴ؿῴ
޷ϲ, ʵܲҪˮԡº󷽲ǰһƿ, һˮ, ʵǸʲô
ϴ֡ʼ, ˮݸһԵĻƣ, صڡ
޷ǸżպƼѹİ̱ڵ, ݺݿǼ, ģӣ
㵹Ǹ, ģӽҳһ֪ʲôҾжµľ, ɵߵǺӸǰ, ָѾһ߹, ٶϼ𣿡
˵ǣ׳Ц, ֪
ң˿޷ǣֿеĹӣü΢΢һ
һ־ľ, شǰ׳, ۵ҽг
˵˵ɴ˫ۡ
һЬ, ʲô׳ٺЦ
ʲôŭɶ, رһš
׳ԾڨЦ, , ӿ϶ǻ, Ҳⲻǣɧúܣֵˣ͸ŪŪǳһҲ
ġֲŸոշ㰤޷һţ۷ȥ
޷ţɵ¶ĵɫͷ˿ˣ̲סڽڵϲ˲Ь⣬ŷġ
ղ˵ʲôˣң˿Լˣʵ
ǰ˵£ܶطСͨǹ̶ļƦͷͬ˻ǲ˹˽ףԭŮȥɫ
֪˭𣿡ңüͷ
Ҫ֪˭ͰЩˡ˵ţ߬ȭ̧ȴ̱˵ϡ
һ˵꣬ѹӽңתƶˮӹ󣬱Ȱϣǰ׳ǰһˮȥ
ң䲻˽Ѷ֮ȴʶľָ˲䡣
׳һˮȻڷ£˹ӣһ鷴ӦٺЦҪţ
˵ҽ㵽ǰһѾס죬ʡ
ǽͷݵ껹ͦ죬׳¶Цݺݳһڣִѽ̵ģΪʲô˵ѽ
ǰǻ˵ûʵ𣿡޷𱳺ģǰңùľ׼ǰ׳ǱȻһһȥδ̫㡣
Ļĥӣ׳
̫ˣ޷ǵ˶࣬ɱ㣬űˡ
ԭֹǿŲвŮҲŮˣ裬׳ڨЦų
޷ЦҡͷΪܼŭҳ⸱ģСֻöˡٶ˵Ҳ޷ٿⲻɣ
̵ģӼβ̧ɤ㲻ˣ
Ҫ˶Ů˵Ǻܲɸɾи޷Ծɲգ۵㻹᲻ģ˵
ģֻķͽ㶣漴ƿڴԴԽ
޷뽭⣬˶Ⱥ¶ŭ֮ɫǰȴ޷
ӱˣһҲˣͷڴŴ
վһԣȻѪ˿ͨ졣߬ȭͷãſڣ·ÿһֶǴＷһ㣺㵽˵˵
Ӵſڣװû⻰
״ʵ͵˼ޣ޷ӣӲ˴
˱ͨ죬ΣȻЦˣ̣ܵɶöˣƾǼҿڣ
˵Ҳǣ޷ޱ飬ְ࣬Щ˺á԰գת߳⡣
ң״΢΢üżȴԶ۳񣬲֪¡
룬˵ģ˴ҲῪڵġңߵԣ̾˿һ취Ҳû𣿾ôˣ
У޷ǵô
ʲô취ңǰһ
޷ҡͷտڲԡ
ңʱպø˳һ⻰ǰʵҪҲԸ⣡
첻޷ǵ
ڴ𣿡űߣʵ
ЩŮӵԴͷ϶ֹһһ߳ŵĽ˵ɹƭҲãҸ˴ҲգֻҪǸ䵥ŮˣֻҪֵ㹻Сǵע⡣
޷ǻͷֹȻ˵ȥ
֪᲻ȥˡ۽ңɨҡͷ˵ֲδÿ˶ϵҡ
ؿݣ¥֮ڣңνġ취ʲôӹͷ֮ǰ˵Щдķͽ֮ǰ㶼ûмȴϵ㡣ʲô֤ͬ㲻ϵ㣬ɵ
޷ᶨסң֣ҲΪ˲ɵȥðա
ҲԱңƿ֣
δͬЩ˴ַʣ׾ͻᱻǵֶοɶúܣ书кã޷ֱ˫ĿȻ飬Ҫ֡
ȥðգװİ硣˵ԭܸЩ⻹а¥ķֶ棬ֻǸպʱнߣóȻȥҲʡ
Ҫǰϳһңο˲ź˶٣˭ȷԼȫأ
޷ǲԣֻסң֡
޷ǡңת޷ǣĿԣ˵⣬ղҲǻ˵Ļڱ֮ǰѾܹһ衣ҲŮӣ䲻ᣬҲĿ࣬ôܹӲ
ҪѾ߶գˣ㻹ʲôû˵췢£һѾأ޷˵ţԽƲס𽥸߿ɤ㻹ϵϣ汻͵ϣ㻹Ա𣡡
ȻǾѾûˣңĿУǴظϵѾٶȣǴϢȥ˵׼˲Ÿո͵˷Ļᣬȥԣ𣿡
䣬áˡһŤͷȥȴѹ˵ϡ
ҡ֪û˵Щȱ˰¥塭ҽʲôǣǾȾͨ죬䣬Ȼ档
޷ҧҧȴ
Ұ㡣ң뵽Ĳ̣Σһᾡһԡ
֪һȥζʲô޷οҲȻֻС£ѰҩҲҲ˶ãҪˣҪ̽Ϣ¶޷ǿһȺƦåʲô¶óһ
ȻӦˣȥɡң֣һӦ䡣
⻰޷ǶʱйΣ𣬳ɫһһ˵һȥкʧΨʡ
⡭ǽǧУҲ޻˵Ȼ



65 . ֻӪ
Ľͷ, ˮһڡ
ңһվڽͷһֲϻĨ˼Һۡ
λ, һãģ, һʲݵͼֽ, ߵһ̯ǰѯʵ֪طô𣿡
Ӵ, ַͲˡĸ˵ʲôѽ
ˮ, ˶û, ңѹɤӣ, ҲлԶ, ֻܹͶ
ǿɲ, ĳĸ̾˿ַסǨ, š߰, ֪ǵ˶ᵽʲôطȥˡ˵ţű
СҼҵģһ·ѹ˲ٿͷɣ˵, Ҳֻܰ㵽, , ڶ·, ߶, ԭȵַ, Ƕ˻ڲ, ҾͲ֪ˡ
ллң˵ݱƻȥûǮˣҲҪҿɡллˡ˵꣬Űһ߿
ҪװǸ֮ˣһСǧѣضЬĥݣȻҪװ߲·ģңһ·Եʯף۾Ŷ߼װҪȥķ¶һΡ
ֱ̹δݹϷջͷһأúܣȴֻǿ򶨣±Ƴ
װױƭȥã׵֣ǷᶯñֶΡңһ޷ǵضĪɣ֣ܵɣ򲻿
뵽˴վշŵϷ˼·ˣߵ·ڵʱ򣬱ɵסȥ·
СѰ׵ģӴǷɿӹһ˿ЦиѣǰסַǵȫϵáҪͬȥ
𣿡ңϲʵʶһջƵ˼ң
ϵϵã϶ϵãȼ֪ˡһ°ϵĺ磬зɿӹһ˿թĹ⡣
ǡң򴽣޹̬±Ťòˣλ磬ܲңҪܼ
ʮţĹ֮ʣȫȻûбĥ¹Ĳɣ۵;ӡ
ӴһһʱҪ²̫ס˵һˣܵøô㲻ǣ
ҡѾûǮˡңӻĥ˱Եͭ壬̯ģϣ̲
ааɣ͵¡һѶͭ壬Ҳ㴧뻳ȴȥҴ磬㰲ŸסžС
áңͷӯӯһЦȴֱ뷭ۡ
ЩƦåڲƭŮӣȥһȥȴøκδۡ
ЩɫǧΣл
·ţȴ˿δ¶󴩹ССĽֱһķ⡣
ͣ½Ųͷһңˡ˵꣬ͻȻ֣һѽİ˹ȥ
Ǹʲôң¶⡣
㱣ܣŰ˶ӣͬߺŽȥ
ҡңţ˶ˣԼװģ̱㱻ֻ˵ҰֻмѣûֵǮĶܲܰң
ֻҪͬߣҾͰѰ㡣Ӳɷ˵קֱߡȻңϰ֮ˣ̺ȵͻһקҲûܷ¶ɻͷһװ˽ŵģȥѽһ
ûקǰߡңҲɲģһŸǰУֱķţһƷڵϡ
ң˵ڻϣĲ䵽ɰۡʹһҪվȴסٰڵء
Ҷ
ӵĻ䣬ң㿴ǰ˫˵Ľ
ϴץһӴӰ﷭·һۣݸǸˣ̫ڴѵġ
ѵģ˵ͷһͷ̧ҿ
ˣ򢣬ǿͷǶơ
˿ңüĿǰһ
ϵˮˣƯŮ˶಻ʤңӲʵģΪټǣǶ˴ѲѣڨЦʵСˣ꼸ԼһѰţ
ңѡ¡ָ˻ȥҧŴһԡ
Ӵͦǿ˵ţȥ°͡ңһʱܾܱһƽķɣȴֻǿסӣ޷ͼȰʱ˵ĻԼ׹ҧ˴
ʱû˵ֻƹˤĶֶţҲֻݣǿдԺȥ
˵⻰Ժһ켱Ҵ˽Ƕ˶˵˼仰
ͻ鷳ȥȥȥĿ¶һֵȹ˵
ңңһʵǵʲôˣҪʲô
һ֪ˡһһ˵⻰ȥԺһǰ˽ȥ
ʪһҲûС
ӿͦ飬¡һһֻʢˮĴ߹ǿйȥ
ңǺԣû˳űˤϵ죬
ղιˮɺҩѰ˶ԣ㹻˯š
ңϰӣеͷΣȫʹϾվһѺӣ˽żѸɲݺͲҲû
һĬЯĴ̻룬Ƿ˻ȥ
ңԼЩϹȻҪõõУʱųźţԷȫʱתƣʱ㽭ˣҲֻһգʲôҲҲ
űߣ͸϶۲ԺĶǶķĺԺֱͥͨլԺҲ㲻̫ʱǰͷִ
ֱҹΧȫңеָ㼴ݲԼϷСŲݶϷļƬߣ̽ͷȥȴͻȻ˵
ѾͷǿûУǸ˵
ɺҩ˯ء
ȥ˵
ңüһֻܺƬص£װ˯һȻſڴ춯űе
뵽Ƕ˲ص֣ڲ˶󣬹ⷭ˸泯ǽţʲôصľٶ˭֪˵־ϣͼ˳¼϶̽Ѱ
һֻҰѵ˵ָˡ漴һģַת˻һѹȵòȥ
̵ģͷôߣͦġ˶˶֣ˣּҲûֻҪǮʲôŮţ˵꣬ͬ뿪ӡ
ңŲԶȥݺݵһ۷ŷСǶģ԰գٴ˷ŲƬ
ⷨݶִӺ£СԺȥ;֦ҶҹյԺ䣬ֱһݷ
ң͸Ƭ϶ȥֻʮŮˣŶɺҩ˯ڵϡ
ݵĿѰֻкü˶ϡǱϸ쿴ʱȴһ󼱴ҴҵĽŲֻͷݶϣغΡ
ϴ󣬹үô˵һСŶ˵ĽŲ
ͷһͻȻʱ͵ðЩ͹ȥ˼ӿŲߵǰ죬ţ̧ȥ
ǰǸСô죿
ôõĻɫ͸棿ĲõļǮ죬̧ߣ
ң·һƬӣ͸Ƭ϶²鿴ֻЩŮ˶װһ̧˳ȥ
ҪЩ˴ȥĶңü
޷ȷЩǷЩ棬ҲųźšֻõЩ˰ѱŮӶװ˳ѭų޺ۼϣһ·ǽñǡ
ңŰѶķλѶϢȥȴûлᷢţֻöԸųҹ·;ľݶΪڣֱһϾɵĴլǰ
̧ȥָӵ
һڶ˵ָ£ж£ǰһְڿƬ̣լҲ߳ʮˣ̧˽ȥңеǣǶһ˵Ҫ̸ǮȴʼֻլԺǻǣҲҴ
ңһĬȻŷլۡ
һƳԺӵĹŹ֮
˵Ǵ˼ңƫŷƵġˣס֮ɨɾȻ˵࣬󲿷ǰ֩Ȼ˾ס
ͥԺҶҲήˣҶҳѻΨһ䷿ŵơ
վһˣ׳ɢڼ࣬ûһ˿ƣȫ͡
û˵ֻǵ˽Щһ̧ڵϣһֻ̣ʢŲ֪ɫҺ壬ִͳһϸ롣
ң״ͼü
ó첻ͬǸز¶ĸ֡
˰ߵЩŮߣÿһˣȡһ룬ЩŮ˵ָһ̣մѪˮʢˮУߵǸŮ˸ǰѪʱ·ˡһɫҺ壬Ȼ͸ɫˮ졣
ңԶԶŴ˾ɵɴ˫ۡ
ɾڤˮ¡˷ϵĻװӣϴεļǮɼһģ¡
תȥԺǶ˽档ң룬Ǹ˹ȥ
˼Ǯۿһʱֿ˻Ҿ˵εĻʣǴ˹Ȼ۹⡣
ңü񣬻ŷΣûŪôһ£еͷȴ˲֪ʱվݶϡ
¹к£ңӡĿͫȻ㡭漴ơ
죬ңӦֻʣ˲ߵľ룬ŹֵǣһδϣңĿһۣ֪˾Ʒ磬ճơⱾ£˵ʵĪ
ǿؿʹݲԾµ棬պǶ˴˸档
ɶһûӦ㱻жѹؽڣ˳ȥǡõס˽Ӷһơ
Ѫ罦˵ͬҶһ׹ڵءңҲô˻ᣬӿʧ˵ҰС
һ·񱼣ȴĿƴԽʹɫҲԽԽࡣصһסӭǰӦ޷ǣڱ죬ýȥͷˡ
δ䣬ǰһڣǰԵС޷Ƚסӣ㵲ѡ
Ʀåܰ˳


66 . 岽һ
ͷŵơңڵµ, Ѫɫȫޣ˫Ŀա
޷ڴߣ˫, , Ŀת, һ˫ﲼѪ˿˫, ۵ƽ緢Ĺʡ
ϡܹܵң΢ֻԼĺҲ
ǹ¡ˮ, ֹ, 벻ССָ, ʽ, ֻһ, ȻĻ
޷ǱĿһͷʵ鶼ˣ
ڳ˸׵Ĳ, ˸ϵͷʱ, ûߡһšëһ˵ЩһصŮ֮Уû
˵, ߵǰ, ң, ȴ޷ֹ, ëȥ, ˵ңµı, Ҳҵ˶ķ, ﵽǵƦåЩĹʬףûŮˣҲ֪ǲǱתȥ˱𴦡
˵ãδ䵽Щ֣ȥ˱𴦡ֻʱв졣޷Сýң԰׵˵
ĺܹŹ֣ͬˣڳҲŷֶݵ㣬¡ŵ£
ҪʵҲҲֻա޷ǵݻؽңˣǵ֮¿
Ҵȥ孵ģϽӦ˷ҲˡԭץǸˣڹҲԵϡ˵иֵءңӡǣһͷָķһͷǸլӰûУһǶ겻סˡſڻһȺ죬Ǹġ˵᲻ֹ
֮˵ҲͰˣҪ档޷̾´һʼҾͲǣȥƫƫֵˡµ񣬲ңȥðˡգӲӲʵΡ
ôҲԣͷ׺ܿͻӦңƺתһЩǱؽȥɡ
޷һͷȴȻü
һصĽŲ󿿽
𣿡ͷĿһ㶡
ͷȴųصĲ˹
ߵǰ˿ʵôˣ
ĸš޷һѻ𣬸Ըۿ
ܲ仰䲻ʵǡ
ҪҲ֪أ޷ǵñٴ
ֻ˵˱ɣü΢
һĽ̾ʹ⽣ŵ˻ҩζ
żҲã˳֪ʱѡ˵Ҳż˵Ļܻ˵ģֲǹ㡣
һĬֻ׿
˵𣿡޷ǴĻ㻹Ҫ⣿ðһգ
üһҲǸ˼ֻǡ
ûնԻΪ޷ƳĿ׶ϸ֣ҿֻˡòգҲ鷳Խʵ飬ҲֵزԼǵĻֺθɣ
һʼô˵߬ȭŮˣȻ˵㡣ٰãǵһʧڣỵ𣿡
˵ʲô޷⻰پŭգվ
ȻңڻҪֻǿŭ⣬ѹɤºɣȴĻ壬̽Լȥ㲻˵лҲͰˣôұûô޳ܵĶ
ˣˡֻ죬һͷ˵ˣ˵䣬ûûˡ
ҲԣϾվҽ㣬޹ءȻҲŵĻŭ
ȥ޷ǵɫԽѿæһѣϹ˵ʲôأҪںôæڣ
㵹Ǻܻ޷ǿһ۽Цҡͷ
ҵ㣬ҪǺ𶼲Ķ֣õҰ𣿡
޷ǱȥһԲ
̨ӳ۲һ˿˿
ãɳſڣ˵ǰ֮УΪõһȥһСس¥ѰˡҾԺﴫҽУ߽һ֪˺üҲʮͣΪϽӿֶ̣ͣμ
ҿߣԺǳ֧Щˣ˷ߣˣܵúܿ죬ֻһСȣһȳһ߳Ҫлңס˳ȥ
ǼԺ󣬻һ꣬ٽӰ£һؤǮʱҿֱŧЩǮβ˭֪һҵתܣҾùŹ֣һŷǵǸȵĹ
Ǽ˱ʣʵ
ңһν¥ǱԺΪ޼ҿɹ飬ֻٻȥ޷˵ţüԽڶαûܹߣСòҲڣֻܱƵӴˣֱ˻
ҵ죬ʲôɱǧĵ̱ôˣ
ʱȥϵŧ񻯣Ҳ޷ӿͣ㱻˳ңǴΰǰѱʮ죬ܹ衣ӻؼԺҹģҲЩܿ龰û£Ҳͻ
˶٣תѪ˿ɼһ㲻ɸģеʹ࣬ܰһΪĨȥ
˴üͷ
޷ǳ̾һֵͳ˼֣죬ȥȴûһҽʦԸֻζң£֣ҲὫ˺ʬΣı䲻衣Щ£һˣԼ⣬˿۹ҲΪӡպеʹֻ࣬Լܡֺ޹ƾʲôҪΪ˲֮Щ
ǡ
˵⻰һƳһһֵЩˣ飬ȴӲ˼˴׻ǸˣϾԼܾͬҲϲ̨£ˣ䲻ôĶݡ
㲻ָɣҳŵ£Ȼ˵ҵҽ㣬ػȫȨ㴦á
Ҳأ޷ǳ
ҧҧûñ磬ߡ
ϵܣҷܲԾһִ޷Ǽͷ˼ԭΪҪ侲ҪںˣҲҺö١
޷ҡҡͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ʵ˵ҲеǰˣʹŮ˶ʲô֣Ҫշתʧٵ˿ж١һأϣã
޷ǳ̾һ˿ңüͷ¶ʹ飬⽹Ƶȥҽʦôû
ȥվһͷ㿴һ׷룬ϡߵǰϲ
λ³ҽʦ˵ţ㽫һձ˽˾棬Ŷ
³ҽʦ˵ͷߵǰңһȴҡҡͷ֣¡
˵޷ֻĶ
Ȼ΢ȴƽȣ˵Ҳѹˡ³ҽʦ
Ҳ˵ȷ֮ǣʵ
³ҽʦȥЩķӣǰʱι¼ɡ˵ţתȥĥ
޷ǿ첽ǰнӹī
ӡôجΣң˼
Ļȷûʱңξ֮У޷԰ΡԼɽУǰⶼŴһжô嫣ĵޱС
¾һͷɢŮӴһʬ߳ȣƮʬ׵ĺӱߣֻˮϷˣɢȳϢһ̵ľ޴֮ˮ棬ſѪڣˮƯʬףá
ͷɢŮ˻֣ձߵĳ紵¶һϤ
ңףɴһ
ֻ۵سķ˪Ů۵ӳ壬ľˣһ̱㱻ӿĺˮû
ţһбޱ˺ڰ
Ϊݣ𣿡¾Ļƺڰ
ҵ֪ˣҲ޷ˡشңδģɲ֪ģȴʮϤ·ںܶǰӡԺȡǣĽ󻳣Ҳ㲩
һƬ֮Уң֣ǰֻ֡ȴԲСӤı۰
ӤΪģΧĺڰҲȥѩɽһļеľ󣬺ͯϣһƬƬѩֿڻЦ
һֽڷѩ䣬Ӥϣּģ
ңۣӳģõľ󣬶ɫص޷ǡ
黳ǧ﹦һƬ֪ңԾֽϵ֡
˵ʲô޷⻰һ㶡
ңҡͷؿͼȴ
򣬲ܵΣ˿ҹֻ޷ˣεĿлʱʱһĨ岨
ˡ޷ǳһա
ң㲣˵Щʲôȴؿʹ͵ŻһѪ
ôˣ޷æȣúܣҪϢ
ҵ𣿡ңʵ
Щ͵ͷŮ˶˴æ޷ǵ
Ҳ˵ûҵ𣿡ңüͷмˣ
˵ǡʮ޷룬
ԣʮˣңǱ͵һլӦǸ׷ߡҲ֪ͣѡһȥˣû׼˵ţҪȴ޷ǽͷ£ɻԭȵơ
֪˵ǺδǼլûбˣнͷĻҲˣµΪֹٲˡ޷üֱ˫Ŀɫ˵
ǡ
Ѿ˺ܶ࣬㹻ˡ޷ǵˣ㷽ᵽǸˣ
ңһͷš
ɲ⣬飬±޷һˡ޷ε飬֪ΪΪ֮Ҳʲô£Եɡ
ǡһİɣң
֪֪Ҳģ޷ǽ˫һһ
ңһ㶡
Ϊˮ𣬽Լվƫƫﲻʲô޷ǵҲҪ㣬ֻ㣬ԣȷʹ࣬Ϊ˳ȫʧȥ㣬Ҳù
޷ǡң⻰⶯ݡ
ҲԴźֻܣʵԲңŵԺ󣬲ʲô㣬Ҳ߾࣬ѧľֹ㡭ԭҡ޷԰գĿ̾ҡҡͷҲû˵Ļ
ңã֣ḧգ˵Բ㵣ˣҡԺҲ³çˡ
޷ԾɱĿյֻ֣ҡҡͷ۽飬ȴʼԭ¡


67 . ˼
峿, ů⴩뿪ķսͷڵͶһϸĹӰ
޷Ƕҩ, Ŷ, ߵ߰, ңҨһ״, ݵңߡ
ңҩֻζ, ȴòǿ, üһš
޷Ƽ飬Ծ, ʵ𣿡
ҩ, ңݸ, ʦ˵Ҫܿġĥ, , ĵö
޷գֻһЦҡҡͷȻͬ⻰
ȴ, Ҫʲô, ܲšһ, һҪԼ¡һϲ, ѡʲô, ĪԿĪԿ, ֻҪ˺, ôۣعܡ
޷Ҩһ״͵ߣʵʦΪ֮һֱ޷ܾͬáһ϶ֻҪЭǨ͡ӰţһáôĽȴԸΥ
ԶΪȻ죬ңҩһ˼ʦԣɡ
أ޷⻰Цʵôģ
ңңЦЦ䲻Ͽʦ뷨ٶԣһУԼѭһУʼչƽȰݡѾҪģˣҲ޿ɺǡ
˶٣ּ˵ңʲôҲֻԼ
˵꣬˿޷ǣȻֱӣ˹ȥһ䣬˫ĿӣοڣֻԼҲ뿴㻶ϲ
޷գԾչա
ףҩڣ¶΢΢ŲŲµİʣͷҩˣ˰ɡ԰գ㼴뻳ҩݵߣСιʣҩȴû⵽˼Ƭҩҩһڡ
ȡңҩǺ
ôˣ޷Ƕʱæ󱳣һ򢣬ϸ۲ΣüҲһš
ңģſűЦ˳һҡͷһ汧סĸ첲ؿ˼סϢֿЪ˺һЦſڣҳɽ꣬һֱûʲôá
㣬ҲֻǶཻ˸ŵùѣȴû뵽Ե֡
㲻ϲ޷΢һ㶡
ϲңչյߣܺá
𣿡޷˿ֱӣ˵һ룬ĵãû
ңģ̲סЦȴֺܿЦ⣬ֱ˵°ɡ˵֮ǹȥˣһǾùŹ֡Ǽլ￴ǸÿŮ϶ȡһѪʢɫҩˮ
ЩûѡеŮӣѪˮνȥ޷ӦֻбߵһѪһ̵ˮˡˣǸ˻˵һ仰ɾڤˮ
֪⡮ڤءʲôЩǴģ̵꣬ҲĴ°Ů𣿻᲻µĻ֣ʵǡ
пܣǣ޷üҡҡͷûȷе֤ݣЩ˵ټҲ޴Ѱǲ²⣬ԶԶ
ڻɽһõľݵ㣬صֻǱɽһǡң˼
޷һĬȻʵˣʱǾʫʲô˼
ʫңϸãԼΣԥԥ￴ġҲǺߵģֻڶǰǲˡ
˵ţ룬ֽ˵˸ֵΣҿĸһòҼƵŮӣվɽµӱߣ˵˺ܶ׵Ļ
벻ͱˣֻζѣ̫⡣޷ֽһԵİϣ
󣬽ǰ̽ңҲǰ̽Ϥ֪һֱ֪£źȴҲòܡ
漴˫ʰװ֮󣬱㼴뿪ȥ
ңδ˱˽ų̡ȹ˼գ彥ָӿнڳǽȻ콵ꡣãһСӱ߷һéݣæбꡣ
˿̶Աˮ͸ǳʱڣңηѻļĶԽӣ±ʪϣ͸Щɫ
޷Ƴʱ棬ðζæȥȴת֮ʣȻƳҲͷ˺ۣһ㶣ָԼҼͬһλãʵˡô£
ˣң󲻽⣬ͷƳһۣƼ˰̣Ҳһ㶣ûӡ󣬴ǰû˿ڡ
޷ǲ죺Ҳ֪ѵǸˡ
ҲǰɡңıʶƿҼϸ쿴Ƴǵͬչ˰̺ۼüֻһƣû˿ڰ
𣿡޷ǱҲⱻ̹δעɣ
ɽô䣬֮Ȼܹңϸ˿ڣҡҡͷɽ֮󡭡ûӡ󡣡
𣿡޷һͷ˼ȴǱ
ô˵ңִپٶ棬㼴ǰȥ֣ȴѡ
ȥЩҡ޷ҵڣܳéݣӰܿʧС
ңֻҡҡͷݽҵһֻţ˵ң
޷ͬѰķӦԽùŹ֣ʱͷԺһѣΣǰһڣ˹ȥ
һֻҰ׿ݵִſ˽̽ȴһֻĿ
ϴˡһźɫ񣬴ŶñŮ˴Ӱл˳֪
ݹǰҲվֱӣһòɢµ׳ȫסԹ졣
ڰǰұ㷢Ů˵д㣬֡
㣬Ҫȶòֻܲǡ㡯Ц
£ҲǽŮ˵ʵĻͱʡ
⻰ٺЦһ㣬ƮҲƵ뿪ӡ
޷ǻصéݣңڵϣæв𣬽̽Ϣȷ쳣Уתѣ˿
ôˣң𣬼һ¶֮ɫĿ¶ɣ˭𣿡
ûаɣңҡͷֻͻȻͷΣ֪ô˯˹ȥ
ûȫСΪ
ңҡҡͷֿ˼֡޷ֻԼ֣ű͸ϡܸܵ¶ȣӲһ
ôôŹ֣ң̽ͷ¶ȣȴ㿪
ûʲô޷ǷȣתʰЩڵϵľ񣬶ǰС˭֪Щľ˳һ̣˳ŷֱңϴȥ
޷Ǵ󾪣һѡ
ңϰ֮ˣӦԭͿ죬ܣֱһֱӱʧƽ⣬Եֱӱ޷ǻ
޷뵽ԼΪԣӱ֫ഥȴǱܲξ棬Է˭֪󣬷ĹҲɳ
ң뿴ŹŹֵֹģԽٴ̽̽¶ȣʵû°ɣ
޷ҡͷһЦִյȡů˵С
ңŽɶ˿ſڣȴʲôҲû˵
ң޷ǿ˿ȻڣǸˣ
ңͷһ⣬һ㶡һûҲ


68 . ֪˼
ңͷһ, һ㶡һûҲ
޷벻ֻش, Ц㶼ҵƢ, ң
ʲôͻ𣿡ңŤͷ, ֻҪûж, ͺˣ
㲻һơ㣿޷Цʡ
кֵ֮𣿡ң⡣
û𣿡޷Ц㻹ǲǵ, յʱ, Ҷ˵Ļ
յյʱ򡭡ңһ򢣬ϸ, ˵ηߥ޶ʾ֮£
޷һͷ, ʱһֱĸӵ˼, Ҳֻðѻֱ˵ⷽ˼, ƺһֱͺܳٶۡ
˵, ңһף򣬿룬ü, , ҵ, Ѿ˵úֱˡûҪٶ²ʲô
޷, 
Ȼûס
ң, ˼, ֻɿ, ̾˿㱻˴ȥķʱЩƦå㶯ֶţɣ
Ȼˡ
֪ôʲô޷ʡ
Ȼֲ֪ɵңЦ㵽˵ʲô
ȻЩ㶼ףôǰΣգҲо𣿡޷ѼҡͷЦʲԺ󣬵ҽ⿪Ѳ鿴˰̣ҵʥˣ
ңȻʶ첲ǰ˵ͷȻһȴЦ
Цʲô޷ҡͷһЦá
Ц㻹ô̹ϣʲôҡңݸ
޷ҡͷһЦ˵
ҵҲʲôףһǵãǰҸɽʱ򡭡
˵ǰ£٩٩̸֪ɫˡԾûͣµ˼ȻֻéҹΧŻãͷ͸ֹҲԽǡ
ңеӲ޷ǰȼ䣬Żڵڿбըϸ΢죬ȻǰյǳΣǰȥؿ
ֻ𣿡޷ģȴδк
㻹ǵҴʫ𣿡ңʵ
޷Լӻ룬һףӦǡ黳ǧ﹦һƬ֪
ǿ˵ģҲǳ֮ʡңһ￴
ѵɽ޷һü
￴ʫʱҲѩˡңɽҲ⼸£ڴڼӦǡ
ɽ֮Уó˵޷ʵ
д֣Ҷᡣңҡͷ˼дʫﵹǻᣬǣдôһ䣬˵˭أ
ȪǣҼ˼ѩͷ޷ü΢
˼Ȼ΢ǡˣңǸòƵŮӣӦҵĸסһΪݣ𣿡
ǣôش𣿡
˵㵱֪Ҳ޷ˣ˭أҲ֮𣿡
Ϊݡ޷üһңǸ˻ǡ
˵֪ң΢΢һ͡
ֻǲ²⣬ҪϹ롣޷ҡҡͷ仹򶨣ȴ
ң֪֮ŮѰʥӤ佭ݣȻΣյöࡣ
ӡµһհĸλϵӣΪŮ֪ȻͨˡԵȷѪ꣬Ҳǳ
Ǳ֪кϣ֮УҪˣ
ǣңϸ룬Ŀǰҵ֤ݿ󡣡
˵⻰ģƽȻǲ֪һζʲô
ң޷ջĴľŪһĲַתĿӣ֣˵ʵˣƣƲҪ¶Լݡ
ΪΣңѵܱҵϣңȻ޷Ļ
ЩɣʲôںʵڳΪ֪һˣнŪƵĴħͷ޷ǵŮܸ̳ŪС鷳ģǻб֮ˣǧټȡԼ򡣡
ҲɱҲ򣿡ң˼ǡǸˣ֪ʫǸˣԩˣΪŮѵӦ߾ܣΪϴѩԩ𣿡
޷գһʱȻ
ã̾һҡҡͷˣֻǡˣպĵһֻܼ¡
ĪҲá
ûС޷ҡͷ̹Ȼ˵̸ʱδûۼ£¶ֻۡǡ
ֻʲô
ǰЩӣʦ˵仰Ҿúܶԡ޷ǳɻ񣬽ƶ֪ӢۻһսĴ壬ĶǼѻҶԪƣܣǿܹҽΡԸΪС飬ػǸħͷ
˵ţңһ˵ͿʼҵݣΪβң
޷ҡҡͷֱ˫Ŀ˵ԳϣδնҲΪ˲ȷ֮ܵ˺
Ҳ˵ЩңҡͷҪҽղ²⣬ʹǰеɽ𺣣ҲŮ֮Թ֮²ܲˡ
һ㡣޷ס֣ͷǰĻ棬һ˲±üᶨ


69 . 
׵, ªСľһͷɢɫ, ббڵϡ
⴫Ų, ۡ
ذ, ɣôëͷСӣѵǸСͽܣƳģǫ, ü, , СӴС͹龫˵, ģҲŮޡ, 
ǰЩӲǸ˵𣿡ﺮҡҡͷ, Ȥ˵ĪҲ㵱¾Ʋ˸պųˣ
Ц, , Դһ褣ǽСʲôţ
褣ǰʩ
ǰǰ, Τһָָ, ЦֱĴ, ⺢, һ㶼, ʹľͺǰ, Ѿͷͺһһ, ȥȥЩ׻Ҳ֪˵ġذҪСӻ̣СͽܸһҿСӣȤˡ
⡭⻰һ㶣һʱû׹ԼǷԲλɣæ񣬵²Ĺأе֮¡
ٺٹ㿴ˣ档ΤһЦøˣֱӣ˴ļֻ̳ᣬָﺮкöҲóڵҡ
³Τܹ¡ﺮǰ£ô˵֮£ɿǹˣ
ң˵Ķӣ֤ܵšΤһ
⻰æȡ彣˫ֵϡ
ýǺýǰһ̻ˣָһν̱벻½Ķӣ䵽˵زҲգѽķϣСͽұˡ
ǾͶлΤˡﺮЦ
ü΢ŵΤһ
ʦ١Τһ˵ţ֣Ͳؾˣҵơ
ǲҵæȡƿ⣬һ룬ȥ褣ʦơ
Τһ룬һ漴һĴȣһá԰գεݻظ褣ȴڰ;˸Ȼνʣ̶ͦ
褴󾪲ѣԾˣȴһǳϲ
Ӧ̫ΤһЦսʣ׻С
Ƕ죬ϴá
ɣͣȴѰȻ
峿ʱ֣ϸʪһשһӻܹ꣬ɫ͸
ͣ󣬳ϴһϷ̨ϷϷ̨ţң޷Ƕ˽ǣ·࿴һ̨ۣ˳Ůְأܴ󺵣ʳ²壬֪
ǳϷңüһ
㿴޷ʵ
ңͷϻ뽭ţı
˶٣ּ˵˵Ůɽ٣ˮȻһգһ߾ϯӣŮΪԭΣ֮ɱΪ̳ɲǣһ֪붷֮Ů˽ӴӵҥԴۼһڴＯʽ޵֮˳
ǵ˼Ǯۿ֪ŮشŮ߲ѣ뿪ˮӣԺӱδ¹꣬عѡׯڿήŮ˵ְҪ
ŮĻ䣬صӣأ֮ģգأ󺵣ȻЩȥĴŮҲξ𡣿ɴԾɲ֪˷ɹŮֻڷۡ
ˣ޷Ǻʵأ
ˣͽˡңͷϻؿʱˣܵģ˵ΪŮһ壬ȴúҪҲýд֪Ĺ
ôش𣿡޷Ǻ
˵֪˵Ϸ۵˵ĻµĽβģҲĲá
ⲻֻǸΪδ֪޷ǰ˼⡣
˵Ҳʹ˾˵֪ٹ꣬Ҳ֪ңҲ֪ʲôдϷģôִ֡
սӣӦ׷ȥǡ޷Ц
̫ˣǾûʡңҪȥʣҲܺ棬Ϊδǲ֪أ
޷Ȼͷǣ֣ȺǰߡʱһϷ߳˲ٿһľżɡϷ̨ϿգŮ¸أɢϷ롣
һӺ̨£ߵһ̯λǰһλŷϷİ
ңˣ˹ȥ
ⲻϴλ𣿡Ǹϳң԰˵
ɱΪδ֪ˡڰ֣ȴȻ㶣ֵԣϻͬһλʵģβ
ϻҽ㱾㣬ϷǺдȴæȥˣңΣʵġ
дʲôšͷһԵϷݸӡԼ
ң˹ⷭ˼ҳŮշתֶԴкĲ̣ȡǰڣҡҡͷ
еʫʶ黳ǧ﹦һƬ֪
զҲ֪⻰ʵдϷĵҲô˵
޷һ⻰ٿһңϷۣһҳֻһöķӡʿĸֺȻĿ
ң󾪣ʵϷ۴ģںδ
ɲͻļ̬סæ֣⡭˵ǸĴεĵͣͬ͡ҲϷԼдÿ·Ϸ඼һҲŴµġ
ϻؼںδңüͷ
ǰˣ˵Ҫɽϵȥݵؽɣ˵꣬ԼƺҲȷ𰸣ʵСʲôϷҪϲ͸Ҳɰ
ҡңһʱԣ̧޷ǣ˵»᲻ָ
ߡ޷ǽϷ˹Ż̯λս֣첽߿
ңǣţججߵֵУȴȻͣ½ŲһѽסҪȥݣ
ᶨȻ˾ġ
ϻسߵüû㡣޷ǵͷǮҲˣȻȥȡЩʰöߡ
Ҫͬȥ
⻰˵ģѵ𣿡޷Ц
ңҡҡͷ
ϰ˶ͻȻ߶һˣӦ飬Щϰߡ
İȫУⰲġ
˻صãﺮҲŻؽ겻ãȨ⣬ǾƶĿϾңãҲõϢϢء
鷿ﺮ˽Ĭã̾˿޷ǵʵңʱұд˲룬°˾Ųʮ
Ҫ·͸ˡ޷˵ţԾһԵң
ﺮҡͷЦһֱ跨Լ⣬ȴû뵽תתȴǾ˽æʵ֮顣֮ԴڣΪ̫౻ص࣬ܽ⿪һʲôأ˵ţ㼴ӽȡһֻľϻ޷Ǹǰ
򿪿ﺮ
޷ǲ⣬ľϻȴһմһȦףͨɫ񣬽ȫ޵Σȴһ̡
˽Х¡ΪʦǰЩżȻ˵˽֮ϣѰĽЩﺮ֪٣ЩҲδҵֵıҲý˽Ҳ̫ôȻǰ·գϰΪʦҲﲻ̫࣬ѡХ¡ӽˡ
лʦ񰮡޷Ǹмѣֵ⣬ͽزṼ
㶮ͺáﺮ˵꣬ͷתߵңǰϷ⻹Щ˵
ŵ˵޷
ͽ˽⣬һʲô˭Ҳסϵ㣬ҲţִűضֵáΪʦҲöΪǶ˿ǡ
ﺮ˵ţ˶٣ֵ㳤ѩɽԴ֪֮£Ѫ֪һܣ˲ţǷǵţ֮ǣһй֮ˣ跨֮졣ͺñȶԪ㣬µһ֮ʼòʣ޷йڣ֪֪Ů¡
ҲҪβˣҲҪЭֻǣ֤ʵԼ֪Ů˶Ԫ㣬ǧǧ˼Ӻ㣬¡ĿļȻҪ࣬һд֮ǰغԼݣЩ谭ֻٴ̤·
лѡңмѣֹʩһСĽ³ç¡
ˣ˵ô࣬ǼȼȥݣЩʰȥɡﺮ˵꣬תϻХȡ޷ǡ
ƼתֺȻڣһǶ
޷ͷƳü֮֮ɫʵʦ
Ϊʦʹ㣬λ﾿ǸŮӡɻǵλشҵģﺮʵ
ǡ֮ס޷һɣ
Ҳǵ徵ʹʱ˵Ļﺮ¸пǧ˵ĸֺһȥҲûл
մԣһۣԡ
ȻŮ緢Ѫ֪ͣηĻǺ£Ǵδܵ
δ躮ǣ֪ζ


70 . ǰ·δ֪
޷ǻصʰװ, ȻһŲûϸֻңʵʰˣ
Ժ, ȴûӦ, תͷȥ, һʱס
վǰģȻǶβơ
ҵ˭أβƺǲ, ˸ۣ, ҪȥĶ
ֲ, ôʲô޷ǻװ, Ѿ˵ú, ô
, ˣβǰקҡҡ, ҪŵĻ, һȥ
ǲǶë޷˦֣˿ôˣ
ǡҲ֪ҵ¸ûϵ, ǡβƲƲ, Щ, ͷֹ, ⲻǡͬͽ𣿡
غͽ, Ĵȥ޷˵űҪȥð, ȴȴץ, ˫ɢж˵ϡ
ʲô˼Һ˵ôңβֺ˵ţһŲһǰ󴦣ӡһЬӡƵĶ۾
޷ǰ裬ƽ½ڵĻʰȹѣߵſڣ˳ȥ
⻹ûִ꣬β˷ܵĺѽƯ
Ҷ޷ǼХ£㼴ǰһѶ˻
βģЩԵվȺ̴вɣ
ҿвҲòᡣ޷ǷХ£ǰץĸ첲һߵſ˳ȥˤϷţ۽˨תʰһҡ
ιβţôô˵Ȼ
ûü˵꣬ղޱ㴫˹
ҵḶ́ˣ
Щնβӡ˵ﺮѾͷѣö⣬ȴֲѺƵģһʮʱšǰЩӣβҲΪ֣ղޱҲ˽䱸дһĻ
æǰضβƣȴݺһѡ
㷳ûͬ˵βƺݺݵһۡ
˵ι˶񣬿ɲζҲ㡣ղޱ˵ţ㿪ʼĦȭƣ߲ߣ
ߣÿβֱ׳ҡ
㡭
Ȼղޱûѻ˵꣬βƵĲϣһذ
βƲŤͷȴպײϳĿ⡣
ǶҿɲᡣĮȻҲõˣҲʲôˡԼ常ɱԴСɫ顣ȰĻԹԻطȻҾͶˡ
ôβƱĻȻĻû˵꣬ϱʹ֪ǳذףֳһǲΣֻܹԹԸղޱ뿪
񺭸ڶֱβƽݣղޱϷţų˿
б¡ղޱԳĴָ
׳԰סܸðʲô񺭴ҡͷȻ
֪ԴֻǿͲô˵ˡղޱ˫ֲҡҡͷ
Ӻ鷳ɡ񺭵
񺭻˵꣬ڴҶ졢
ҶҪģղޱŸߺ
һĬݿȴߵѱβˡ
ǲҪڿʼ˭ҲңҲʲô˶ʲôԣβƿڴ
ôСղޱδ˵꣬㱻ס졣
ôŰɡ񺭵
ôҲû뵽β˵ľʳȻ뿪һǰȥͷ֮⡣ĶβҲһ㣬š
ֶˣ͸ŷǰ￴Ҳȥһۣȴβ̱ڵϣ˹ȥ
ܡϣǶܴӦҪɡ񺭳ɵ˵Ҫʲô
˶˳ղޱ룬ҡͷ˻صԺȥҲǰ취Զ
ԼҲû취񺭵
֮ǰôģ˭õˡղޱֻͷ۲ѣȴȻŲŤͷһֻһźɫ긾˹ɻʦ
ָʯղޱĲɣµﺮйأǰ鿴
ʦãλιղޱæӭȥ
ʹˣʯҸˣ˿ˮסɫһЩͰӵȥ
ӳȥŲ˵õһֱҪЩղޱɡ
ҪЩŻ֪£㲻ڳڴָʹҪ˶ʯ
ҪĻҲԼ鷳𣿡ղޱѡ
ʯҡҡͷ˵˼仰ղޱ˻Ȼһͷȥ죡
ԺĶβƺȻԼеԼ˹˼ˮͼ˫ۣȴƤûֻԼڻججбֲ̧֪˶ãֱضڵϡ
βƷ˺ô󾢣Żǿ˫ۣȴȫԼһյСڣȥ·ͷҲǺһƬͷ
İ¶վеңΣȻû߳ˤʹȫһɲʶǰġ
ôأβƻſǻ־Ѽнذһʱ֮䣬Ѳ֪ԼӦȥδӣҲ֪Щʲô
ԭ⡣һͳСﾡͷ˹֮Уɱ
ôãԭڽꡣ
ҹµˣһһСһ˵Ӱ߳һƽβơ
ʲôˣβƼͼʧܸգֻŲźˣȴǱһ첲ںѹǽϡ
ٷϻ͵˶ȫˣǯסǸ˴γ̵һǽ棬
ǸŮӣѹɤβϸһҲܾϤѻˣﻹõô࣬һʱڲԣǶģֲΪ͵ģͱõ˸ˣȥҪ
ȥɣ˵ʱŭˣεҪǧһ֮ʣһöʯƿնж̵ء
һ˱Ůһѣ
ţβĿ󣬱ǰȥȴ֧ˤڵءȻֻ̧ۣﺮݲǰ˫һƣֱˡ˺ܿһתۼʮС
βƱͷڵɪɪ֪˶˶áͻȻԷһ˵Ȼִ̻ҵȱֻûζᡣ
̧ۣպƼǶݲȥıӰʧںڰ֮С
ءšβһǽǣ֪롣
֪жΣˣﺮɫ
֪֪ˡβ鲻ѡ
ʱ˿̣һͷ߳Сת˼䣬úţԽһղޱһ񴡣
ˣȻǡղޱ˫ֲ˵ƾʲôʲôð֪á鷳ҾͲˣŰʲô
˵Ӷ͵ĵƶ͵ѧ书𣿡΢΢ü
ǰҲ˵ǵֻ֪ңйءղޱҲˣҪǰ̿͡
ҲչλιͣЩʱգҲ㻵¡
˵ףʦǵĻ֪ĸˣô⣬ˡ
գҡҡͷδ˵ʲô
˵ô࣬ôǵģղޱȻ̧ʵ
𣿡ҡҡͷֻǾã鵽زҪ跨ô֣Ҳá
ͽϱ˵塣ղޱⲽ˼һƽͷһˣʵǴ۽硭
񴻺ҡͷȴ˵
ˣҿƽջҲ࣬ôʦͬҼٰ̿ͣ̾ͬˣղޱȻʡ
û̫ࡣ
֪ϷųֵʱȴңǰСˣղޱչյͬ@һһΪīߺء
ɫƽ
ôղޱؿһģ˫ֲʦֵܽãչҲӦõģԷ˵ţ̤ŻĲӣż߽Ժȥ
ƳһıӰȫ벻ΪһʼһӲȴͻȻ˸ˣֻҡҡͷҲԺ


71 . ;
, ǧ;˳ЩϷĿĵأѽβ
ڳеһʱšݵشټ޷㾫, ̲ס˼ۡ
ֵ, һ¥ʳ÷, ޷Ǿ״ͷɨһ, ȵʳ֮, ңʵڿ𣿡
ӦڿɡңݸһЦ, ˴ƤֲڣòӲ, ̫һˡ
𣿡޷ҡͷһЦ, , ҵû⡣
ϻҿʱؾ˵, ЩС˵, ǹҭģңͷʵ
У޷ǵЦ, ۹, һʼä, ʱһҵʲô, ǰ˵˵, ͬûϵ
һᶼƵ𣿡
ң˵, Ծ̾˿, ЩӣһֱŸҵĻҵȷǲжɻȥɽӣһ֮ͬŶ룬ҵǰ룬ҽԵģֻʲô
ҪΪ۹Լƿأһܣʲô˼
޷ǵһЦŤͷõĻѶ˷ӣ˿ڲ˵С
ôˣߵһٶգҶԡ˵ţŤͷסҪµĻƣʵСͷһ䣬ݳпܰӳϷ
Ӵǿɲˣ˵ϸһֻӣ⳪˰£ǰߡ
𣿡޷һתʵƽﶼʲô
ǿɶˣ״ԪǿơӣɹҲУ䴫˵ҲУ֪͹ϲʲôƴǰʵ
һϷŮ·ȴ񵱳ߣֻȴﺵֵĹ£ңʵ
Уƻһһʼûߵļųģÿ췴ͬһϷ˶ˡ
ߵļ죿޷ü΢ɼϷֹˣ
⻹û⣬˭춢Сҡͷ͹Ҫǿ׷ϡ
ȥˣң׷ʡ
ǡ򡣡Сԥԥ˵ţƺԼҲȷ
л޷һףʾ£漴תңʵҪȥ𣿡
ңͷ
ҹڳƧС·ϣռżŵģûа졣
ڶ߳һ·ȴͻȻǰԭһ˵ĵ·ڣͻȻӰ
ϸһȴǹӰǸˡ
Ǹӣøߴģȴʮأ˿ǰҲмԵơѾʮֳ¾ɣԵëߣ·Ѵ˺ܶû¡
޷Լᵽһɱʶֻסңʾǰ
üһ彣̶ͦ
޷ǺὣмܣХ½ڵĽ潻̶Ħ졣
ƣ˺󣬷ɿɨХ½΢΢һߡ
մΪҪҵȥ·޷üʵ
Ӳԣ۳ӳɫ߷衣
޷Ǽ˺Хֱסϰνʡ˪й⻪ת磬ˮһӽУ൱˿ѷɫ
Էһֱ˵ã䲻¶죬ԼĪʮУһվὣ޷ǽƣСӣᣬ˵ãʦҡʲô֣
ƺδشҵ⡣޷ǵ˵ţ΢΢һ̧סƣ˿ûи˼
СӣˡҡͷЦĿ𳤡
𳤣򣬶Сǰϡ޷ǵȻ糣˿Ļ
ݣЦŵ£ǳᡣΪҪʿ
ң⻰ɣǰʵǰһ·ˣΪҪȥ·
֪ǵѣȻҪ𽣵ʿҵŮˡ
𣿡ңĻ̽ˣһ֪ںδˣ
ɾΪˡ˵֪ΪҪǣ
˲˵Ը̹ϣҲԸ˵ʵȻĻ·ң
룬ôĿӾӸһһңƾСѾͷ
޷һ⻰üͷ
ʲӹУƽ֣ܿδȫҲˣң֣Ҫʤӣ̫ѡ
˾Ȼ˴ԲѷƣĪΪǸŮӣȫȻ
ǰҪ붯֣⿿˵ɲУңֵ¼¡
ˣҡͷЦЦˣСѾͷƽϣչˣ˕FҪҵʿȷҵŮˡֻ˵ᣬ֪ȥ
𣿡ң󻰣ЦտƾΪҪ㣿
ҵǾͻ֪˵Ķġ˕F𽣣ͷ˼࣬ʲôҪɰʵס˵ţת߿
ңŤͷ޷Ƕһۣ漴Ե˼ǰһǰȻʿʶôһϵ¾ˣ
¾˕FգŲһͣͷʵʲôˣ
Ůң
¾Ůʲô˕Fʡ
Ҳ򡣡ң΢΢ü
ȻţľǷٲӶŮա˕FͲᳬʮˣһսҲ΢˵ǰա
ĸȷƽصɽңǰЩȥˡ
ʲô˕FСֹв˵ʲôȴóڱԹ
Ȼᣬɲôš޷תûؽʣջسҵķûλʿɽϵһ
֪˿ʮˡ˕Fһ֣˿ʯͷ̸£ʲô
ôꡭңɴ˫ۣҲܽСһᡯ
Ͳˣ˕FȻָҪȥұֻðȵɽһսٰų˭֪ΪҪҾѡ˵ʲô°
ô˵֪귢ʲôңüһ
ʲô˕F
ʵصɽʱһ˲ûȥˡңɽΪ˴귢¡
Ȼ˵¾ˣܻŰɣû㣿˕Fɡ
ʵصɽǰױѹң
ʲôˣ˕Fɴ˫ۣ꼸ꣿ
δʮšң
˕FԻȻð˼΢΢׵Ҳ࡭ǸŸӡ
ϻ治١޷ǰԸп̾
Ҫ˵徣һǲʲô˼Ҳûи˸еӡӶˣǵΪϱһ仰ȥ˕F˵ţ޷֣£˵
˵⻰Ȼסһ޷һԭǸСôɽҲͽˣ
¿Ȳᡣ޷ֻôʵǷᣬ仰֮ܲϡ
Ȼ뷨Ϊ󱲣ֲ¶ֻһЦƵһңߵǰ£ڿ˵ˣ


72 . ·
ôӺ˵롭˕F, ˼ãڵڶʮһǰ, , ײ΢ץ
һŮ, ǸƯŮˣڽϴ󺰴, Ǹ·ˣö࿴һۡҲֹ, ץסǸ
˵, ٺһЦ˵Ҵ, ǵһ˲šԺ, ͸ˡ˵, ҪȥݣҲִ, ȥˡ


ǰԲң˴, ˵˼Ȼ˵΢ôܷ׷ȥݣ
Ҽǵã¾һŮ, Ǹ, ܸʲôҪһ˕F, 
֪𣿡
˵Ż, ˕F½, ˵, ǵ˵ö֮Ůħͷ֪
ң˴, ü΢΢һ
¾ֵȥݣΪ˰һ¡֮㣬֤֪֮ˣӶϽ֮λ̡
̵ĶǶ֪ӸŮͯķΪǴ˵о΢˵ҲǻԵɺϣ¹һɽӳʥŮ֪ݣ˽ȥڴ֮ǰЩͨӦϣȳЩǻĹͺӣ䰲
ɴӳˣԼϵ𣿡ңʵҪζ棿
ҿ˵ף˕FҡͷʥŮҲȫǴץģЩƺǴСڽ˵ʲôתʥ֮ŮԶԶԣ˼
ǡʲôתʥңʵ
ЩаħϹ⣬˭֪Ǽ٣˕F֮Աǣǧǰһžڽģʧˮ︡һأܣ֪ģͱطΪ
Ȼͽʥڣ̡϶ӽѡһӣ˸Ů֮λ󣬱ʧ١
ôأңĹ¸еŽɡ
νδͻȻУƺڣе޷ܡ
˺ǰҲ֪ʲôԣҪһʥתǰʥʧȥкÿһؽУΪʥӤҲ߻ħЩк°ȥŮӣǿǽϣºӡ
˵ͨңѣ룬ѰʥתΪλҪкЩŮӣ
΢˵µഫ֮йأ񡭡ڤˮ
˕Füϸһԣڤ֮ˮɵʥ֮ЩתʥӤֻҪ³ˮᵱС
ʥʧǰԣΨʥŮӣͳ̡ĴѰʥһ㣬Ѫڤ֮ˮýྻ͸ͬˮŮӣؽСǺʥӤµŮ㱻ʥŮʮ˺ͨ⿼飬ܻ֮ˣܳΪ̵Ľ
ԡ֪ҲⷬңԾ߬ȭ
޷һ
˺ʥŮºӣǱ԰Щкɱˣв뽻ϵʥӤҲʥŮеʹɱ˕F˵ȻǻµʥӤٴؽ󡣡
ת֮˵ôʥתʱһ죿޷ʵ
ǵã˕Fһ֣ǡ°ɣ
ʮţ޷üһ
ǰ˕FͷȻסô֪
ضͯʧ٣һա޷ǵ
Է˵ǸӳʥŮǱȥŮµĺӣңʵ
ӳЩ꣬Ĵأ̵ȻϲҲ͸֪ĻᡣҪ󣬱ʥŮ֮յһЩ˱֪񵱳ʥһڣ
ɼȻֻΪ˾ˣΪλŮңҡͷֻš
⻹򵥣ҪôǸ֮ͨС˵ûзҪôˣĽǱѣ֪ԶΪܡ
ħΪ˭˲֮죿֪ΪһӦ֮ףȻҪ
ʮһǰ֪ɹ˵Σգ΢پ֪˵ʲôȻұŮ˾뺳̣ⲻǳʲôͬһܣҲҹ
˵ģìܣ𣿡ңüʵ
ǲǣ˕Fһ֣Ǹˣܽҵʱˣ꣬˵ҪΧָ̣ȥ
ɵ˰˵Ҫ¾ˣҿ¾ôˣ֪΢ҲҲ˵Ůһ岻ˣ
ʲô޷ĿɿڴԼе
Ҹ˵ҩֱӰˡ˕FҹܲţԼŮˣܵҪܡҰɽÿչȵһսŷȥȻҵ飬Ȼɱҡ
˕F˵꣬ת޷ǣұԼŮˣȥʲô
޷һ˺ð˼ҡͷ˵Ӧʣȴְҩ˰ߡ֪ΪλҪЩ£
֮˕Fָһɸֵ飬ǿΪ˾
ȴ޷ֿͬˣңҡͷΪΥԸô³Ϊһתźôܻм㣿
Ҿţ˕F׼ʲôܱҪ¶ֲܽһģǵһ֪Ҳ֪ǲ̫һӲˣߣƵġ벻ǵøŮ˻һ𣬻Ҫ
ң˴жʱӿһ֮𣬻Ȼ޷ǵ߰ɡ
޷գһͷҲվ
ˣ˕FʯͷƨϵĻңһ߰
ˣң˺һʮ꣬ټȻҲкɫҲΪԵʣʧ֮ۡ԰գתܿ
޷Ǽ״ҴҶԹ˕FʩҲɿȥƾ˕FνлҲûлͷ
ŨڱɫڴأϵӰϳ
ң˺Զ·ֱ˹˕F½Ų޷󣬼ĬҲû˵ʲôֻǰĲ
Ƿ˵֮ǰĲ²ⶼǶԵģңڣƽۿźҹµԶĸֻнһӡ΢ʼնһˡԣҾ֪ŮԲԣ
޷һü˼ãһԲ
ôϵأңЦҡͷǷɬҲ裬µĺ𣿡
޷ǿ˿ܲȡЩΣˣʵҲδǡ
ҪõΣȻңĿ̾ǹ˕F˵ʼնȻһȡң
޷գȭ߬ζӳ£֪θܡûң޷ͬܡҲΪ޷֮˵з֮ʹŸܡ
ԣǻľҵأУĺ𣿻˶ɣң˵ţԾ¶ЦŲҲԽء
޷Сܼԣͼǣ֣ȴ㿪
û¡ңǿ˶ǣЦΪӲʵҲԤϣֻͻȻЩ̵£һʱ
ң
룬ûʸ£飬ԸԸ֪иŮħŮٲӵ˵ϡ֪ҵĴأһȻ䵽Ҫһµĺĳָθ̣
ô뷨޷һס㲻Ǵں׼˵ֻҲԼ
ҲںǰŮ˶ᣬܵЩ£ʵʵڵʹҵĴڣ޹غ顣İ֮м֮ף˺ӣ˭öģ
ң·ң˼ôҲ塣
ۣ۵ⲻ֪Ǽٵֻ֪㳣Գܵ衣
ߺޣ޵Դһǻ嵨ȱֻáɱ¾˶ʮ꣬Ծɸ֪
Щ޾壬ǰ·δ֪ϣһݣָúȥδӣ
޷οȴͷҴܼɳɳͷ
æǰңͷȰɫѲҵʲôҸطꡣ£ٴӳ顣
ңԣִŽƿܼϡ
ⲻڼһȾ˷纮ǡ
ңҡңתߡ
ң޷׷ϣǰס˫磬֪ҡͻȻô಻õϢ˭޷侲ô˵ǵ£ͬʲôϵ
ңҡҡͷʲôҲû˵޷Ǽ״ҲȰͷˮϡ
ΪλƵ᣿ң̧ûκζɫҵȷ֪Ϊ֪ĺ˽ʲô֪˽⽭֮еůǷƶΪܹ˴ݣͷβûҪң
ΪҪô룿޷ǷʵΪ֪㲻֪еĹȥһϣӹѪƤҶȻһ£һˣ
ǣ֪ºʹǰһˡңһҪԺܶǰ֪£ҪܶµĴ㣬С
ÿ춼ڱ䣬ÿճ䣬±任ǰһղͬ޷ǵµңͬ˵ģһ仰𣿡
ң˵ԭءǰ꣬Ŀ֮ԣֻ˵ÿһ仰еš
ۿԼĶʦСţΪԤϵδɱɽһȡĻᣬϣ
ǰʶһص꣬ȴܽζޱδ֪ļ裬ն
Ȼ࣬ǽЦݿɬȴи
˵ˣ̫ˡ޷ǲɷ˵֣һǰ·һѰٿڱ֮ԶԶƼһͤӣæ˹ȥյ£ûüվȣȴңǰƿ߲ͤʯϣڽ
޷Ƕһٶȫ޷ûüӦѱıǼԼᵽһ㣬ŵ÷ϢŻعӵ뻳Уӭǡ
ͤɲֹڵϷ˷졣紵ܼͤڣڶϡ޷Ǹ֪ˣӵͤС
ңɿ̧ӣȴ˵
ѹˣ޷üЦʡ
죬ܰ˶˵ңݸߣһʲôɵĵģ
޷΢΢һЦͷһǡ


73 . ˮʮ
ݳ, ءഫ滪ĹǹͨϸصҪǸСسǣȴǳˮ, ֡
·ߵһС, ȥ, ﲻ̵ñС, ɫʽ۷
ң²յ, С, زѡ
һҹҲЪһˡ޷Ȱ, 鵽, Ҳһʱܽ鷳, ļ
ֻ´Σ֪Ҫٵȶòлҵң
޷Ƽصģ, ˼Ƭ, ִӻͳһݵǰңͷһֻĵģһ֧ԼĪ糤Ļƻľ, ͷܽ, վϸ, ס
, ղŷ㻻ࡣ޷΢Ц, ЩһֱæŸ·, ǲ, ʮˡ
ңԣס
޷ЦЦԣֽ̧ľСı֮䣺ȴ֮⣬ûʲôΡϰ֮ˣϴ㣬ʵ飬Ųδ˷ѣֻѡ
̴ϻģδ̫ˡң̾˿
Ǯƶǰ󣿡޷΢ЦЩ㲻ܹϡȣܸģֱ˵ıЩѴһͬͱִŷֳңδ̫֡
˵³űŵı䡣ң΢΢üҪҵˣڻûȷеϵɽü𣿿Ҫͷ£
⵽ɽһǧ޷ǵų̹ĻӦˣ޷ǵصġȵٶҲü
һ·ȥɽԽԽԶʱٸ·Ҳûϵ𣿡ңʵ
Ҳһˡ޷ǵ
ʲôĵģɽü꣬Ҳôģң
ʱڲͬ޷ǵһݱ¶ҪԸ㣬Ӧˡ
ң룬˵ЩʲôȴԶ㼴̽ͷȥȴֿھۼˣһ޷ǵ֣Ǳߺ֣ҪҪȥ
޷һͷ㼴˲Ǯһͬ߳ѭߵֿڣֻϷ̨̨ǰһСͭôߺȣ·
ңϷ࣬һɿ޷ǵ֣Ⱥǰżȥ޷Ǽ״ϣǰȴȻڹӡһʱΣֻ˺̧ʱŷңӰȻûȺ֮С
С磬ôãôûţȺĻʵ
˿ˣһͿʼˡƴ
ңһƬкò׼ǰţڱͷҲҲڱأִӣ˸ûվֱҲܽ߾סֻüǰߣȵȺǰͷȻðһ
ӣĿֻ̨һվǶһŮ۲ݡŮһȹƮƮ˿Ҫ̨Ūܵˣʿңˣͷ²⣬Լ˵ǣ㼴ǰȥ
ʿɾ˵ȥˣŮ洿Ϲ˲ܺľԪ׹䷲ãҲְܱɣٲãⳡˮѵһֱģǷף߷ţŮӵϻصϷģ˵֪ǺãѵĿϹ˭֪ܲأ
˵֪ǲ֪ݾˣŮûҪǮϷۣҸдͲˣģ
٣Ҫô˵ǲ绹ǳŮϷǿͷβϹдĶĪ˵ű㼴תҲûϸ·ͬӭңײ˸Ӵһ˿
˭ѽ㶣ֻǰޱȻϷˡ
ңҪڣȴվڲԶŮɴ۾ֱ۵ױϲӣǧӿǧҪ˵
ʸ¡ʿңʵ
Ů˫ԭãȻ˹ǰվָա
ң˺һ㿪֡
ߣŮɫһ䣬һ֣˳˳ΧϷ̨תǵһ·ݶȥңдϢһʱ޷ѣֻܸĽŲֱһƧҰ֣ͣ¡
֪ĺӣ𣿡Ů§ң˫磬ϲ񣬡ңôˣ
Ҳ֪𣿡ң˫Ȼʧɫ
ꡭұǸĹ˕FЮ֣ȻصɽһƬ档Ů˵⻰Ȼʹ࣬§ңͷ˫ҲԾɿͷ˼ô˵һˡ
ҽңСĸ¾ɽɳ󡣡ңüһԾйǰһ˵꣬ĸ˲ڴ֮ǰʲôҲû߹ңֻöӡ£˵˵ţӻͳöšҡֵļ¡
΢Ƽӡ£Ŀرô͡ã֣ңнӹӡ£ˮ˳ŷ۽౼ӿҾ֪ô񡭡ĺӡ
˵ţ㱻عζֱֱ̧ңԡԡȻʲôû㣬ô֪Լ氢գΪĸ
˵ҵҲµˡңοգһһλй˕Fǰ˵ǡ
ҪǸ֣ҪôҲ³΢һ˕F֣۵ӿɱ⣬ʹ
ɵ£ҵġң˵ٽʥŮݻ̾ˣλʿĽӦҲֵǸز𣿡
΢Ѫ죬˵ͷ
ôλӦ˭ǲŻᵼºľ棿ңҧʵ
΢ĿһڣȴòԶʵĺң
ңϲͷƼ˺󣬵չգ޷ǡ
һûô£Ϳǳˡ޷ǰ΢ʩ񣬵޷ǣŮ
˭΢۽ɨХ£üһ裿ýͬ罣ʲôϵ
ʵҸ硣޷̹Ȼ
Ŷ΢Цһתң벻㾹ͬ˴һ
˻޷Ǽɫ죬˿һ
㵽ܵظȥʰɣ΢ɫһγ̵
޷Ǿ۵ɱ⣬ὣ񵲣ȴһѸͣûۡ
΢˾ʵͻȻңȫ׼һ˲æǰ̣л˵αص
ɽôЩ꣬ԴЩʿһǺö΢˵⻰Ȼһת漴ЦѾͷղŲǻң굽˭ĸ𣿡
һ¾һ
ˣ磡΢յ˲ת쵽ңǰ˵Ϊе񳾴ʱʣľɣҵĵ˾ǰҪѵɱ
΢ɤ߿⡣
ң΢һۣ漴ת޷ǣȴĿɫ˼һ㡣
ңڣ¶ʲôƵģְ̧ɡ漴ɿս֡


74 . ղ
Х¡ﬡһ, һ죬Ҳңġ
š΢Ƴһң
ңĻ, һҲ
ţ΢ŭ, ǰҪң, ȴ㿪
޷ǲԾңڶĿһ˲, һ̶ˮ˫Լָһ˿ʡ
ңֻлҲ, һʱ֮Ҳ벻ԼӦȻʱ, ΢ȴѾԵ̳, ֱֱ޷Ŀڡ
޷ǾĲ, ۼǵؿ, ҧͷһƺߡƺѱ˴㣬Ҫһ
ң㱻, һʰХ, ΢
΢˺εвѪ⣬дһƬմѪĲ, ֱֱء޷ǿ̾ʹ, ѪĿ, ˿, Щ
ң˲ϲ, ΢ٶȻӵ, ֻܺὣڶм, ΢Ѹ͵ĵ⡣
书ٸߣ׻ǸʮŮһʱҲѹס΢⼸ʮĹ֮ǰĸˣֵʽΪأһʱ֮䣬âĵƵ˺
ߣң޷Ǹߺһ
޷Ǳз˿ΧѨڵϢ⻰üͷ
ңߣң˿ơ
޷⻰߬ȭʶԼ»ɸۣƬ̣ǽһᣬת뿪
֪Լʲô΢޷ǱӰʧŭԽǡ
ҲĻңֱڵһƶϵ磬ôӢΪӦ׷ɽ
㲻ǣΧ˵ʿ֮УҲһϯ΢ŭһ˼˹ƻħϣֻ뽫ѣֵ׵Խб׷ʹ
Ѹ͸ҵĵͬһžңУƵϢ
ʱȻ¾̸׵֧أỮһԲͼɵ֮
죿ǡۡ΢Уסǰ½ģ
ңҵģһ˿϶㼴һӺǰ棬⼤һݣס΢ߣ˳սȦԶ
ּ֦ܵҶɿȥ
޷ǣ޷ڡңݲ񱼣һ·޷ǵ֣Ȼһ⣬ⱻݸסЩǰԵ
صһ˲һֻ˹ȣ뻳С
ңĿ֣ӵô𣿡
ҲģԶ޷ؿھʹҲſʼЩվȽŲ
ңһĸ첲ԼͷһһģߵԶһҶǰС̽ͷһۣȷϰȫ󣬷
ǰ˿ѱѪˮȾ͸ңˣҲŲҳЯҩƿְڵϣɷ˵ѽ⿪ҩĿžʹҵĲѡ
ڶҰ⣬ʵҲܹıңһȹ࣬Ȼ뵽ʲôϵĶԽ¶Ĩء
޷ƼһٶüĲһȴסĨ¶ˣһ˺һȦĲĨͻȻһأ۵ļҲ¶ЩȴƺЩǰҪ˿ڡ
޷ǿ뵽շ֣һҲ֪һѽӵ뻳УĴ
ңһ˲عȴ
ʲⳡ粨δȥãݵķֱÿһ̶ڼ尾·һᣬѿԽǧء
޷Ҳδй飬һǣѲǳãָ˳ϣԳ֡
ʱ꣬սк⵭ˡҵң˲ֵϢ
վ˿ھʹƶӿѹһͷ
޷ɿ֣ڱʯڣִٵҲѪҺһʧ侲
ңƳһۣŲæ»£ûƵģҩֹѪ
޷ǰˣԼĪаδּʱзסѨôãȥˡ
Ҫûˣ㻹ʲôңʵ
޷ǱĿҡͷ¶ԳЦ
ңԾƽлΪβԶһ㣿
û㣬һ˾Σ޷Цҡͷ
Ͳ˵Ļģ֣ңʵ
޼ңͻЩҵϡ޷Ц
˼Цأңҡͷ̾治֪ôġ
أ޷ŤͷĵϽӡ˵ô͸ңʵ뱣˳֣
ֻ֪ࡣң
˶ѣ޷ǲֱ˫Ŀֻ֪ʶһ꣬ƾʲô͸ң
ƾ˵Щ֪ȥ·Ҫ֡ң̹Ȼӣ˵⻰ȴЦҡҡͷ
߿ˡ޷ǵ
γԣ
ҵһսĪҲ˵ҵĳҺпͬһˡ޷Ц⣬ƽ˵ͬϯ
ң΢ⲻȥȴ˵ÿһ֣ڶС
ͬҲ֪ѡ񣬡޷ɫƽνأǰᣬ̫á
ң⻰һԲվɨһۣת߳Ҷ
޷Ǵ΢һ˿ɬЦ⡣£½󣬿һ۱ڵϵĴָĦմѪˮһǣĿ
Ʋᣬ֮ʧѪ࣬ͷκ˯˹ȥһ⣬ӳȴֻɫϸܵ㡣
֮˵Ӱȴ֪ȥ˺δ
޷һʯվû̧ȣңȥģ
޷һ㶣æͷȴңŻӴҶ˳΢΢һƲȤ˵ôİҪȥ˭أ
޷һʱֻҡҡͷʯ£Ŷϸ괩ִҶĪеͷӿһꡣ
ǰһֱҺ̹ϣɽȴһˡңںҵ£ȴƫҪԲԡ
޷üһƵıܿĿ⡣
˯ŵʱһֱ룬˵Щʲô˼꣬ͻȻסң£Ǻ˵Щģⶴжֻѳֲס޿֮¡ûлͷеԲԣ
޷һʱĿ¶졣
ֻǳֲɵң˵ţ㼴վ֣̯ǰ¶ĵİֻһΡҪҪջȥнҵ֧ƻӡҪƲϵöϵøɸɾסһұԶͷ

ԣ
о˵õǸԲ̫ԣ㱻ƾ˼ һ벻ʵģ롣


75 . ʱ
޷üһ, ̧ͷ
ǶԳγӣƽͶͣÿһ, ͸¶档
ظе´һ, ֻΪ, Ļš
Ҵˡ޷ǻæҲ˵Щ, šǧŵɽ⴮ͳȥ, ջأ
ҵж, ңָ, ܾ, ֻԼȥ
ЩǺ˵˵޷Խе, æס֣, ôܻͬӢ׷, Ȼ֪вܣҵҲءһ˵ҵǵ걳Ůλͷ֮ˣҸҲ, ﻹᶯ˼
Ҫǿ, 㡣ңһ, 
޷ҡͷ, ¶ֺõЦ, ĿԽ, ң, һ
̣̽Ŀڷ磬ӦΪʮǰΧˣҲңƲ㣬һʱӦԸҵ¡Ⱥúˡģٴӳ顣
޷ǵͷ˵
һֱµҹҲû˿ͣµ˼޷Ǳѿʯ˯ţȴ˿ʹ˯˯ѣһֱŶεδȵ˺ҹⶼĥøɸɾֱӣŤͷȥһԵң
ѹң˯޳Ľëź΢΢
޷ǻͷһؿ˯ģֻÿһĻԵ÷⶯鲻Խ֣ʳָָգȴʱȴ˫ۣɨһۣ˯ţҶֶţ
ͻȻ˺öࡣ޷Ǵ֡
ң΢ǵӦΪ֤ɣ
޷ͷʮ档
Ҷ˵ôҪңЦϵĺù̫ˣôڣֻҾã˭ôá
ôܣ޷ֱӣ͵ǵ壬Ǹ飬ο
οʲô
ο޷΢΢ͷָڿڣڵݼŵһĨξɵҹڸǣҵһΨһϲŮӡ
Ҳţңգգۣˮ˵ģ˵ЩŶĶûϲģ
޷Ƿɿҡͷ
ΪΣң΢΢ͷһ棬һȤʵ
סˣ޷һ˼šΪ䲻ǰɡ
ţ
䲻㣡޷Ǹæ͵ֻȻʲΪβܲסõǸ
ǣңһ̬ҿţֵǮģ¾ˣ
л佱޷Ц
ңֱһ£˵£Ѿҵ̣ҲԸ͸¶ϢҲ£ھͻȥɡܸǰ꣬ٿЩš
ġ޷ǵͷ˵꣬һתʵòײҵŮľʹôˣѵΪҡ
飬ң΢Ц˵Щѵ㲻Ӧ֤Լף÷պǰ𣿡
޷Ļ㱻عæͷ
һҹֱ峿Žͣ¡˻صݿᣬ緹ʱϻظ͸¶ϢǸСƼӭǰ
λ͹ٿˣСһӣһкϷΣˣ
޷ҡҡͷƷɵס˿ڣüͷ
Ƽ״æͷλԵʲô
⣬ϴһ޷ڵ
յң˲гǻǰ׽ʱһ˺üˮ¶ǣת߿ƺ뵽£ͷǻƵĵС磬ټһ÷
ϡСӦ߿֮ʣ߽ãסıӰ
ʹ꣬׾̬нüλӡ˹͵ŵǧӡˬ֮дһ˿ů⴩£ΪڸûкĲ
ǽһſǰС˴ŮһǰġӡСӣ㲻ô·Σ͵͵˼㵱ģ
Ҳ÷ҵ׷𣿡ŮƲƲ죬ѹɤҪǱ׽ȥ޸Ǻףһˡ
ӣλӾô𣿡Ѿ߲ҿ˸ģ˵׼
ٸŲҴ㣿Ůһۣ壬øĸĳƺˣ˵˲ܽӣҪҡӡһ˵©죬˼Ҳ֪Ů𣿡˵꣬һѾߵԴ
áű۵Դͷǡ
ʲôŮһۣ
γǰ˵ҪԼҸɾȡǸ𣿡ίֱƲ죬һֱˣѲɵҸš
Ϲ˵ʲôŮ۵ٺ˵˵ҿɲˣ
ҡˡæ졣
õĻǰкûã˶ҪĲʳһתǰ
͹٣ɫſɲáƳ޷Բ԰׵ɫһŲ꣬һ˵ظôЩ·϶ˣͷʰˡλ극ɵúúЪЪ
л޷˵ţ˳ȡ˫ӣһ˫ݸңϴ˾ٷȹǣ˿ڣ۵õһ
ôˣңæӹӷ£ߵǰĸ첲£ϸ˿ǰһüתʵСĲģ
Ŷ˵ڡ
ˣһûô޷ǰң֣ϻƵĻȳԶ
㵽вУңŽɴһʵ
û¡޷ǲԸ˿ƾ̬æʾ뿪ң
ô˿ңʵ
Ͳλҵ޷ҡͷЦһСˣҪѸ¡
Сˣңü΢΢һ̧
޷ǵ˵ͷ
Ǿˣòտң˵ţֽ첲˦߻ԭλ¡
˾ٴǣ˿ڡ޷ǳʹһʱ֮䣬಻ԡ
ԼµĺڣҲţֻҧӲţһﲻ߳һ㱡亹
ңɫʢһǰ
л޷üǿ
ٳܣ˭أңһյ÷һ°뱭·ţΪԼʲô𡣡
޷⻰һЦչյôãʹǰһˣ
ֻӢۣҴ𣿡ңһۣ˵Щʲôȴĺ
Ǯأ
˵ģǸӵŮ
⻰˵۾Ͷ˿˹ȥ
׳԰׺ȰɣһСֹ

ԣ
ҳΪʲôôͣ

ܲ
Ӿǹ˼¥ΡŮҲǽӹڳĺܶƺԴϷĩǼܿõƳ770İͼλΣƳʽӦƫһЩʱڵĳƺ


76 . ղƹ
ڻƺƹ⻰, ׷Χȥһһ˵ߴߴ, ܿ㳳һš
͹, ҿȰǮ˰ɣ
Ǯ͵, ô᣿

˵ûƭǣҵǮı͵ˣ
һΪ, ñʧѪ޷Ƕ˹
û͵Ǯǿ, ˶ߣƹֲ, ֺưΧ
ҴǮǰ, Ůֱ, ѽ, ղҲû˭ȥ϶ǵ˭ˡ
ҵĹԹ, ƹ, ǴĲ⣬Ҫѿ˵ţ˭ҵ
û˵ҪѽŮҡ
˫ִ, ǵ˷׷쳤Χ
һʳ͵, ΨһСɱ, ͷ˵, ǽ, һſȥ
޷۽Ƴ, , ׳պöӸǰǽ档
˵ڵϣϡһ
㿴ۼָСӣ϶
Ӽ״һµҪߡң״üһӸǰһѾ½һһңЦһԭǸ͵
ǮأһʳҲվæ
λϸûжңСϥһţȵڵϡǮŮҲȲȺһǮнһֻɫңڻ
˿ڵϵĵֿһſ޷ǡ̧۵һ˲Ŀǡӡ
޷ǱŮ࣬ü󣬷ɫ𪣬ֳϷˮ磬˪򣬼ˣʧЩѪɫƻƵģŶ˷
ŮЩˣһƹֵң¶ɬЦͷȥɿлӡܻԡ
޷ǲһ㶣ָң㣬лҸʲô
ңæŰƣδ⵽ˣȻת޷ǰ˿ڴѪæס˿ѿˣطȥҸ
˵ţתԶһʰĻƣʵС磬нҩɴ
аƴ
鷳ˣ͵¥䷿˵ţ㼴޷ȥԺ
Ƴһ޷ǵıӰŲ۵ӣѹɤյߣС˵ӣ˼Һ񡭡Ѿˡ
˵ɢҡŮ˵ţȥ
ӣò롭
ѽ㲻Ҫ˵ˣңŮͷת廳һ󣬷һֻСƿҲ࿴һۣ̱㳯Ժȥ
һ·鲽С¥ᣬվڿͷǰڣһ룬˻¥ڣ̽ͷǼͷǰȥ
ûã߹һҩĻƣ״Ťͷ࿴ۡŮ̱Ŀ⣬𴦣һҪߣȴֽסʵС磬һ㻹бĿշ𣿡
аɡƵͷ⼸٣շء
ǡûأ
Ǿ͵ȥ¥ˡ˵꣬ߵ䷿ǰҩ˽ȥ
֪Լ˾ͲҪܡңϷţתصǰҩ󣬱ȥ޷Ҹϵһ潫£һ˵վǹ꣬˿׻ŧǲ֪ء
ÿûô࣬޷ҡͷЦϻڹգƱصö࣬𣿡
˵ˣڲλáңͿˡ
ڿ𣿡޷ǲЦ
͵ǰɡң硭죬Ȼȳ˳ǣߺܳ·ٵһӡݲȽϣɽˮ˼ңһ˿ڳʲô⣬ɲС¡
ã޷ǵͷ΢Цġ
ң˿ڣֽŪҵҩһʰ漴˷š
Ȼûãű㱻졣޷Ǿ֣㴩ǰţŷվģǷŶ˰λװŮһ㶣ʵǡ
˶𣿸ղλСҪҩɴֿѪŮĿɿɨǰ͸ѪСƿЦҼҴɢֹѪֹʹ飬ǰңҲ֪θлֻøҩˡ
л޷һͷҵ˿Ѿˣһʱòϡ
ûϵҩڷԿɣܷ㡣Ů˵꣬ҿ˿ôûղλﰡ
ȥҩˡ޷ǵ
ԭŮллءˣҽгٳ٣֪Ӹγƺ
޷ǡ
ǡλ
ң޷ǵ
ԭٳٵͷһǹӺҪõˡ
ֹѡ޷ǵ
ٳҩƿ׶˵СָԾƿױػһȦҧҧǣǡֻ鷳תлˡ
Զ˵޷˵ţ漴Ťͷ¥ڵķ˿ٳʾⲻ𣿡
ٳһüŤͷƼң¥˹
áӣңЩ˵©죬ֻû˵̸꣬Ŀڵô⣿ƹΪˣ
˵ˣٳչһЦöлλæһ⣬벻Ҫƴǡ˵ţ㼴ҩƿ
ʲôң⡣
ɢҼ˵ƵҩҿλˣŻܰһæٳ˵Ȼ˿ڶˣȡһǮˮͷɡ
ǾͶлˡң
ٳټͷ㼴תݣˮһҩڲյڣݸ޷ǣƵġ
޷Ǽϱյһ㶣ֻԼƺЩȻʢȴԷǺ⣬ֻõ˵ͷӹյ¡
˵Ź֣ɢƺ鵤ҩ²һǰ˿ܵľʹУ߰˷֡
޷üһְ˰˿ΧƤ⣬˵ͷһȷá
ұ˵ɣҩ϶顣ٳϲЦտĿңɨȻþнʵǲѾǸŮӣ
ңһ㶡
Ҿ˵ⲻãŮװôס˵ţ㼴ת߿
ߵĿͷһΣмһȦȣͷܿԺӡٳٶǼ䷿ǡ޷ӵ棬ԺӣԶңסǼ䣬޷ڽҲתǴӸ䷿λá
Ȼ˿ڲˣúϢɡң޷ǣݸЦɽ䳱ʪҲû˯ãúܡ
޷һͷȴŹţĿ˿ͷ˻ڣϷš

ԣ
޴ƾ˵ûоûУŮӺڻǴϲ


77 . Ƿǿѱ
˯е޷, ԼԼһֱԺ˫ۣŷΡ
ͷ谵, Ȼɫ޷ͣһ, , ´ǰ򿪷, ȴٳٶŷվ⣬ӯӯһЦ
ٳѻŮװ, ɫŨص, ͷΡģСɾ£ҲˡȻ޷˵, һҹδ, ˯б, бһŽƵģ۾ûȫ, û⵽Щ
û׹ôһ, ٳٿ˵ҿɫ̫ãǸ·ҪϢǣԷҲУû˷˶, Ǳ, ˹ȥ, ġ˵, Ҫ˵ݸ
޷΢΢ü, ȴл, ޷˼, ּ̧֣һԣ˲㣬Ұ˽ȥɡ԰գɷ˵ż߽ڣ˷ϣ޷ǻݵĽŲҲͷԹ˵ҿˣЩ嵭СˣûζһὬ͡
ˡ޷ͷҲûȥ˵ЩʲôֻʶӦһ䡣
£÷ұ㲻ˡٳ˵꣬ת˳⣬˷š
޷ʶɨһϵķˣ˿ʹʵ᲻θڣԸ㼴شϣһ۱˯˹ȥ
ƻҹաʱһţûƵЩͷֲָĺڰ
ңѣ󣬿һƬڣл㱻عаôˣ
´ǽߵſڣţŤͷ޷ڵǼһۣһƬڳȻûеƣӦ˯šˣ߶¥ȥǰҪЩʳȥҲ˯һ
ѽʱȡңֻȥֵҹĻƽݣЩϡʵڶúܣȲ˵Ĺ˸ɡ
óգڻƵָ˰ʱŽȺãʱǸӵҲøɸɾٶ¡¥ϻи˵޷ǣ㲻ٵ飬ŷ˱¥ߵ޷ǷǰСƿ
ңڳһֵֻűߵƻЦߵǰ˯޷ǣҲóԶȻôõ
޷۾Ĳ̧֮Ƽ˵ķˣһ㶣ǡ
ͬһʧ˰ɣңЦŴȤһתȥķˣȻߵǰȴö˶˵ذһֻ̣ڰžµķˣһὬ
Թˣңʵ
ûУ޷һŻԴһһƬ֮󣬷㱵ǳٳٹġ
ʱ£Ҹղûѽңδʶ鷳٣ãȻ
šҲ֪ʲôʱӦûҹ޷ԾɻһƬһŴɫһ˵
ң⻰ЦһҲ˼֣Ҳǣ˹㣬Ҳĸʲô
޷δعζûͷûԵĻһ㶡
û£ңЦԼŶӣȸĳЩͷﶼˣôʢֳɲɫι㣿˵ţŷȥ
ôͻȻ͡޷Ǽ㣬̱ѹǰһ䣬㱻ѡԼҲһĴ˿ڣ۵졣
˿ǰɣùҩôֲˣңֻϷƳһۣ߳ȥȴȫȻδ⵽ǰѪ
޷Ƿſվȣü˼Ƭ̣Ȼٳ˵Ļ֪ᣬ㼴ż׷˼ңݺڻ˨룬ŤͷٳٷлŵƣԥƬ̣ǳǼŵƵ˹ȥߵš
˭ѽĻڴ
ʣٳٹ棿
ӣģ죬ͺﾡǲ˼顣
ٳٵһЦ漴飬⽫°߼ͷǰš
鿪޷Ǽٳ̱ȥٳؼͷʵѴãǷɿӹһ˿ϲЦ漴̬֮һͬҹУ˯أ֪˼ùӼЦˡ
޷ҡҡͷԾɱ߶ˡ
ôңٳʵ
Щᣬʮס޷һĬʵջƻ裬͹ˣʱ
Ǿ÷˲Ͽζٳٵ
ǣ޷æֻ֣ǡˣҵ⡣˵ţҪ뿪
ôٳһתͷʵ壬ʱȥ¥µݷˣٽʲô
ݣݣһͷˮ
ð㣡ͷ㾹͵ȥٳ˵ţҪͷ塣
޷ǼƲԣæͷֹٳٹ±Ҳԣ鷳㡣
Ѿͷˣٳίⲻǽѿ𡭡
ӡƳŵæס첻ٳ
޷ǼΣֻó̾һת߿
ٳ̶ʹ˸ɫϷš
޷ųصĲߵңǰãߵš
ŵƣȴʼûһӦ
ң
ˣңƣĻڴ˳ʲô˵ɡ
޷գüԽ
ˣ˾վңľƣݲݰ˼ڷˣһͷڴϣ׳һöͭ壬жűĵо
޷ǼڵƻϨ֪˵״ˣһֻû˷Уǰʹȥ
ңһҹ˯ѣ˯ճʱ߳ţƳһ޷ڵĿͷŽգüĲ
ȴʱһֻסĸ첲ңŤͷһٳټеĿ⡣
ǶԲסˣ㣬ٳٵұк˷ˣȥ˭֪ǸѾͷȴ͵ǸǴôᡣҲСġ
¡ңͻĻס㶣ô֪
졭ˣٳҡҡͷԺҪʲôͬ˵ҪҪԸ緹𣿡
û£ûϵңֵܳҹԵһ˵꣬㼴ת߿
ͨ¥ڵ·ǡ޷ǷǰңǰͣƬ̣ҧҧȴʲôҲûӿ첽˿ȥ
ٳԶԶıӰʧڹսǣ㼴Сܵ޷Ƿǰߵš
Ȼ˺ܾãȴûκζƿţȴ޷ڴ࣬һֻڴ⣬ָ⼸Ҫ档һæǰ̽Ϣͷֻ̲ѣȥҸҽʦǧ𵢸顣
ͷӦתҪߣȴֱסֻԼȥκ˵䲻Ҫ


78 . ȴѵ
áͷ, Ҳ֪«ʲôҩֻķԸȥ졣
弱ææ¥ܳʱ, ñվڹ̨ǰңңû̫, ֻתͷȥ, Թ̨ĻҪǿֺҷ˵֮ˣ̸ҡ˵, ӻͳңеһСͭǮ, ǻС
͹ٷ, һհ졣ƺٺЦͭǮ, , ҪҪԵʲôҿ¥λ, ò
㿴Űɡңһ˼, ౸Щʳ, θڲ̫á̫鷳ĶδسԵȥ
˵⻰漴ȥҹ֮, Ծѻ𡣿޷ǵ׻, ĸ, ʱֲҲʵ˵ң¥µŻϲ, ˲, ȴһҩ, ׷˽, æԺ
ҽʦңüղſٳٻúõġԣ޷ǣ
Ӧ׷ȥһֱ¥ۼͷŴ󿪣̳˽ȥ޷Ծڴϣһʡµģæȥ²񣬵Ǽһڴߣĵϥۡ
ôңٳˮë޷Ƕ䣬֣ȴ̲ѡ
ҽʦ˵һԣٳٵģ˵·ȣͷϷӣץҩһ˽ȶȱˡ
ٳԼΪˡ಻סϲɫһ£ȻͷƳƵңֹɫҽʦʲôѽ˵ǲǷˡ˵ţ㳯ңŬŬ졣
ң⻰Ťͷ˶һۡ
ҽʦһ㶣Ŷǹǡ
Ҿסڶ棬պÿ˳ְæѡٳٴ󷽷
ԭˡҽʦ˵꣬ԾңԴһҡҡͷзɿιһ˿ģʲôˣԼ˶չ˲ãһھӡ˵ţתȥԣͬԼȥץҩ
ôô˵أٳټңɫԶ׼ȥȻ⣬ȴһеģߵңǰ£ϣЩϲ˵˵
ҽʦ˵Ҳûң̾һֱչңҲȷˡ
ӣҲʶ֣ٳͶĿ⡣
ȥץҩɣң˵ţȴֻۣ÷סϥǣ˺ܴ󾢲վٳٵֻ鷳㡭æչ˵ţת߿
İɡٳһЦңתһ˲¶Զ׼ĵ⡣
סۿң뿪һ仰ҲҶ˵
ٳû˵һ˳ŵƣ漴ŵڴߣŻԲѵ޷ǣʱʱ·̵ë½ˮַǰ
Ҳ֪˶ã޷ǻۣӳеľٳٵһ㶡
ٳһЦ
ңأ޷ǻԶͷԸǳز޷˼
ʶ뵽ˣң
֪һûٳ޹ǳȥ˰ɣ
ȥˣ޷üһ
ǰģҽʦ㿴ѸȥץҩˡٳЦҾȥȥ
޷һ˵һأԼģҲʵʲôֻܼĿ
ȱ𼱣ȥûСٳ˵ţ㼴߳ӣվڽ䣬Сܵǰȥ¥¸ҶţһĻסҩǰţ蹫ӿ
ӣͷǵöһ𡭡
㶮ʲôҵΪʲôϺףΪܰҵæ޷ǣܵĲǵ˾ǽˣλʿٿ彣ҲǷƷû׼ǸأҲҸ˻ȥô˵ҵٳ˵꣬˸ۣһѡ
ҡͷֻÿ첽¥ȥ
һͷңмǹ޷ǵĲ飬ԼѽǵǮ˵С̽Ϣȵҩ̣һҷعҽʦͶƫּˣˡң޿κ֮£ֻý֧ƻܽص񻨷Ѻŵ԰ҩߡ뿪ӣδ߳ԶȴȻȺ֮ж˸ʶӰϸһƣǰЩӸʶĹ˕F
΢ݣҲ׷ȥˣֳڴ˵أңһ΢ݣĿԶ׼ǿܿ˕F·صᣬڴãڱ첽ǰæת漴ת߳š
忴ɫҴңҲƲãҩ˼Ƭ̣תصͷٳվڿͷ⣬֡
ôٳߵǰʵ
֪ãȻҩңԼˡ
˵ȥģ
ҡͷʲôҲû˵ʲô鷳ˣ蹫
ѹһΣٳٵô࣬ȻԼˣٻȥ¡Ȱҩȥ壬СЩ
ǡĲˣһΣأ
˲Ǹãٳٵ
ǡ
ôǣҵǸʲôģٳ˵ţ㼴תݣžһϷš
Ÿով㿴޷ӭȥסôˣСˡ
û£޷ҡͷѾöˡ
ոջѾҩȥˡٳٵ
ңû޷üɫԽء
ܡæٳ̽ʵ
ҵȥ޷˵űҪ´Ȼ뵽ԼմʼˮδǴͳһͭǮٳ٣¥Щʳ׷У鷳ˡ
ãšٳǮȥˣ˰ʱ˻һ̷ʢСˡ
޷ȴԼǽһߵ£Ƶӳٳüôһ£ù󣬻ûüǰ˵ǲ۵Ҳã˽
ô£ٳĿ¶ɫ
ҡҩ˰˫ֶһҩ˹
޷Ǵʱѻָ࣬ٳǰԼӹҩһֲ˲죬ҩ룬̷žͺãһлʰնлλһҪ£ˡ漴ٳͿڣҴХ뿪
ӣķӲЧ忴˿ٳ٣
˵ܵûġٳƲƲ죬
޷Ǿã˳ֱ˸ѯң䣬ɺɲɣƫƫǸģѹûң޷βѣֻ¥æʰ꣬ԼܳᣬѰˡ


79 . 
ݽͷ, ˳ӿңǽԶԶ˕FȺΰ˰죬ʯߵһ, һվ
ܵ, վһŮ, ΢
Ȼһ㻹ʲô΢ߵ, Ҿ֪ʮȥ, ûг, һ޳ɣʲôҲá
˭˵һ, ˕F, ҡͷ˵, òڣһǧ, Ҳҳڶ˫, ٶʣȻмѭ
㻹ŸʲôȥҰ΢ȥ
Ұ£Ҫαң˕Fü
ûãȥȥ΢, 㲻, ԼҲҡ
Բӡ˕Fҡҡָ, , ѱܹһ, ټ, ŷ, ﻹк˵ķݣϣ㻹벻ҡ
˵΢һۣ
Ź֣ңԶԶ˼ΣзֹǱƭ𣿶ʮѰ٣ãôֵһȥˣ
̫ԶȻ˶Ի߽һЩͷȴ֪˭һ¡ңܿסֻ֣һšȴһϤʹ
޷ǣңˣɿ֣üʵô߶ˣ
ǰͲҲз𣿡޷һ⻰ãȻ黳£ΪηҪŲһܳ𣿡
ôңױ㿪ʼʦôֻͷȥͷΣȴѲ˹˕F΢Ӱ
ܲܺú˵޷ǲ֪ңĴΪ£ֻԸԼ
Ĳ𣿡ңݺݵһ۵˾ͺúûȥţⰭְš
Ұְţ޷ֺֺֻЦջû˱ܳ㣬㵱й䣿ʲô᲻ܵ˵ǵõܣ
ңҧҧӳһȭš޷Ǽ״Ҫ֣
ߴߴˣңҲܲһȺɨ޷Ǽֻ˲䲻ȴҲ֪ޱУ涯Х£ٲûֻԽʸ񵲡ֻزܿ㱻ңǽ·ˡ
޷ǣңֿסʣХбѹǰһѳ齣ʣô˵ͷȥ̡
ôˣ޷һͷˮƢ𣿡
ʲôƢңҪƢһȥңǶ˵ȣƢͲˤ˻ȳȥץҩûĵĶ
ˣ޷һ
¡ңŭίһѽХƻؽʣȥ
ѻ˵ô£޷Լ쳣ȴһ˦ײǽ棬ǣ˿˺ѣ۵죬һ
ôˣңͷš
⣬޷һסǰ˿ڣü˼ô
ңŭδһ˵˭ѵԼִͬͬȥ˵ҪΪ㣬ҽҲᱻָűΡƾʲôǵңһ˳
˭㣿˵ʲôˣ޷Խеɶͷԣֻ׹
ٹܣȥңԲͣתҪ߿ȴ޷һѿס첲ԡ
㲻˵˵ϣ޷Ȼ³ǰǸٳٹҵţ˷ˣ˵Ҳһݣʱû˯ѣﻹпͬϻЩˣһû˯ˣ㲻ˣұô£û˼ʳڡãֱǸѾ߷˵͵ûͷᡣ
֪ңһңһֱǸһΪ㡭
ͳ⣬ոͬ˵һû㣬˵ץҩ޷ǵ
ʲôңüͷ˵˵ʲô
ô֪޷ҡͷ̾ˣĻʵȫͬŻһܳš
˵ţ΢΢üңһʵ˵ô£˭㣿֧ȥ˺δΪץҩؿᣬҪ
һ⣬ʵңͷԷ£ηҪ˵ĻشϣҲȥСϢ𣿿ţ˸ҽʦ뵽ƿܳ⣬ʹæȥ㣬̫ܵ죬ˤһӣϥǡ
޷˴ʶͷ˫ȣȻȹţʲôҲ
ˣΪѺҩ̡С⸽ͰеǮ㲡üҲûǮҩ̲ŷ֡Ǹҽʦ˵ҲչˡŶˣΪٳˣٳ˵ǣָҽʦͬȽϣ˵Ҷ㲻ܲˣһˡ
òãͬʲôϵҪ㣬ҩǮ޷̲ס˸ۡ
֧ɱҩֵǮˣȥɡң䣬Դ
ھȥ޷һ߳ӣһ˵һ¡
ҷݣң˕Fͬһ𡣡ңһߣһ˵̫죬ô¡֮ǰһǡ˵׼ȥѰҡ
Ǿȱȥ޷ǵ
ߴҲУûȥô¡ң̧һƤ
ʲôô£޷ǲ⡣
ȻǸٳ٣㲻ùŹ𣿡ңգգۣͶ㣬Ȼ书ҲָʹһԱ֮ҡͲ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ϊʲô޷ҡҡͷһ޸֮СŮӣܰڳǲٿˡ
ɵֲɵĻҲһ㡣ңƲƲ죬һۣ
޷ҡͷ̾ף褵˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼ˡ
ֹ褺£ң⡣
˵֮ȱĬԴ˴СֿʱҲδ⣬ֱڲסӹߣ㣬Ҳľ޷Ǹп룬½Ųɱֻʣһֱ׿˵֮ǰδɵϡأֻ˵ļ仰˲¼ɡ׻䲻㡣
ô룬˵ٳٵáңҲգϻڽ꣬βƾ㣬ҲҲɹһһ
ԭˣ޷ǲͣ½ŲͷңĿǡԣЦӯӯһ㶡
ģҪ㲹еǻᡣң΢һζЦɿ֣ǰȥ


80 . ˮԶɽ
ӡͷ, ϴͷٳվſڳ㼴ǰ˵, α, Ǹ, ǵλʶնѡºжô, һˡ
ֻǲٳٻص, , ҵò, Ů˲, ϶࿴һ, ôƫƫϲģȴˣ
ӡ
˵, Ҫ治, Ҳûʲô취ٳٵ˰һ϶Ҳòشǰˡҵò, Ƿֿ, ҲùЩ
, ô˵, ǴȥǺˣʵ
ҲŲ, Ǻûʲô, ҵðҵȥҸбµ, ȡ
˵⻰ʱȴδϵǽжԭȥҩӺԾɶݸе棬ƵԺݶٳסķ⡣ⷬԻۻ˿ͷӴ룬ҲţٳΪδ
޷ǻصڣ㼴ߵűߣľ˨ңͷƳһۣ˳ʵŸʲô
һֱ涢ţͲ޷ǳһЦ
û뵽Եɣʶ죬ϲ㡣ң˵ţ˼ߵУס֣
Ŷô𣿡
ˣң⣬и£ͽкףңС
Ѳɡ
˵ҪҸ𣿡ң˼ȷпܡ
ҪµŮǿɾҴˡ޷ǰ֣ҿˡ
ˣеҪңָؿԼѪ˿ڣǲǵá
ܶСˣ϶Ǵ¡޷ߵ£Ь࣬ȵϥ䣬һƬϣü΢΢һ漴зѪҩ࣬СΪ˴
˵ٳٻ᲻֪£ңͻȻʵа취׳ϢǲǱ̽¹ࣿ
޷̧ͷһۣ漴Цʣôֱ˵ֵ꣬ͷȥ˴ҩ
ңһʱΣͷҲǣͶҲƣ׻ûˡ
ԵΪҲδ֪귢ʲô޷ǰϥֿ˿ȣϥЩףȡЩҩϣ漴ҩƿҩûɣһ
˿ڿ϶ѿˣңǰֽ⿪ϵҸ㻻ҩ
޷ǲԣ㽫ڴǵĽҩ˹ŵǰ
ң½£˺ᣬ¶Ѫģ˿ڡȻ뵽һ㣬̧ͷ޷һۣתȥӣ˲˿ΧѪ̧ͷ˿
޷ǲʧЦʵôˣණ
ֻ뿴µŮһˣ׳ʲôģң˵ţմЩˮ˿ڡ
㶼ʶôˣ֪ҳʲô𣿡޷Ǵǹһ˿΢Ц
ϴ濴㣬ӱߡң
ˣΪҪҿ޷ʵ
Ҳˮң˿ڣҩϣԾ뿴ûͬһҪӣô㴬պˡ
Ҳһֱſɣ
ȻΪÿңݸʱҲû뵽滹ܷô¡
¶䣬Ե֡޷ǵûȥ㻹𣿡
벻ˣʱҲ֪ɽһңҲ˵¶䣬ҪûȥӱߣҲδϵ㣬˵ɽĽ˼
ȥˡ޷Ц
ң°˿ڣѪ̧ͷ޷ǲ㲻ӣǸһ˿΢Ц
ڵգ֮£𽥱
ң֣üۣҪȡΪβ㡣
ӱܣ͸պ֤ʵĻ𣿡޷΢Ц˵Ϊλѡңȥ衢ҽ飬ɻбԵɣ㲻ڿ˼㻶ģΪ޵֣
ϲûʲôֵô귢Щ£ʲô֪Ҳû¹ԳƵǱصĶңֻΪϢ̫ˮʱԲܣϾʱû֪ҵݣֻ趢ðұ㹻ˡ
޷ҡͷһЦ˵㿴ˣȴѡҡ⽭֮У˶Ϊ˾ܶõ棬ĶǣɱΨÿһˣŲɡ
ңƤ΢΢һһ̧ۣһ˿ĴС˳Ĵһ»ٵǼ䡣
ʲô㣿޷Ŀߣʵ
ĵң
йɫ˫޷˵ţ§ٶⲦĴ꣬˱԰Ρ
ңûȣһƣ£ı䣬һ֮дӲȫȻеһڸ
Ѭ磬ůˡһֻ۷ͣڴĻ֦䣬΢פ㣬ߡ
ǵĻ£ѡ֧ң࣬ӣǰŮ˿
ң˳Ŵػڵأѻ䡣޷Ǵãҡҡͷ㶼𣿡
ΪҪңҡͷݸԸװģ
޷ԲһЦҡҡͷá
ģҪǲԸ⣬һᶯ֡ң㣬˿ѿ𣿡
޷ҡͷһЦһǡ
˵£ңѾݣǵЩ뿪ײ
ղǲ˵ͬ˕F棿޷΢΢üɹ˕F˵
ҲùŹ֣ң룬Ǵǰδ̣Ҳûһλʶӡ֤ģֻҵݣȴ޷֤ǲ΢
˵ţ˶٣ֵתһ룬ð棬ôĿʲôΪҪɱ㣿
˵޷ǣҡҡͷǰѵӦм١
֪ң΢΢ü
ᵶʽ⣬Ϊսʿã֮жֱ˲ࡣҿһЩ񳾵ļأȷᵽһѽ˫ʽƣи̡еĵΪơ
ȷһң֪֪ŮΪﻹšϣòмأңֻģ˕FҲģֻ֮Ĺδ֪ҡ
ֻһ֮ԵҲ޷ǵͷ˼
ңʰڵϵѣϥ״ѹڴأܳʹһֵص޷ü΢ӵ뻳ϸ鿴ϥƣС˿Χļʵ𣿡
˽ǣ˵Ҳùܺתң´ûվȣ⴫ߵűߣ͸ŷ쳯ȥֻһߵԭסǼ⣬ţʵ͹٣͹𣿡
ôˣ޷Ǵ˹ʵ
иСǼӵšң֪ζ
޷һüŷһۣȴٳ߳ͷǻƸǰС磬ȥˣ𣿡
¥λ͹٣ָҪ˵п𣿡
ͳȥˣļǵáٳٵʲô
ݸ߸ߣͲˣ˵ź룬ޱ߷Ų񱾵ˡ
Ŷû˵ͬλʲôϵٳʡ
а˵λ̸ƴ
˴Ȼˣƿ˵ġ̸ǹ˕F
ˣλӣͬһסġ˵ţ㳯Ŷ
Ҳȥˡٳ䲻⣬ȴĿתǻƵŵƣڴ
޷һĬң߻صߣ¡
Ǹң
޷΢Цԣֻʰ´ãţתſڡңԼңδʶڲ˻ȥڡ
ôţվڻһٳټŲӦţüǵ޷ǼѰˣæ뿪ʱΡʱڷŻصԼӣߣôҲܴڲ
ɣԾս˼ûվȣá֨ѽһſ졣
ǰ޷ǣʮǸո˯ѣæһŵģٳټˣзֹǰѰʱǴҴææģȴУοһֱڶ棬ʼδŴ򿪣ʵ˼
ʷʱ룬СʱģڵƿѰǻƱǶԲסˡ¥λ͹٣˵ͬλ
𣿡޷Ǵ΢ʲôҪ
˵λ̸˵Ŵ绹ͦǣ˵Ҫһܾϲ
㡣޷ƲͷƳһڣתǻЦλ̸ԺƬ̡
ٳټ˵⻰ҪţæСܼǰЦԭѻˣһˡһ˵ţһ͵ȥ飬ȴߵһ˫ɫѥӣһսȭ
䲻һö˶⣬㲻𣿡޷ǵһЦ۵ɣ⡣
ҡٳٻδ˵꣬÷šءһϡ
վǰĻ㶣㼴ת߿ٳȻתȴһ㶡
ȵȣô֪˵⻰ֻͷƳһ۽յ飬һһЩվӡ
ڣ޷ǼңѴѣ´ӳҳһľᣬھǰͷߵȡľбķ١
ϻǲû֣㷽źɻб˼ңһͷһʵ
£һֱԡľˮ㡯ԳƣҸ֪ҲǸ֪ݡ޷ǵ³˵ö֮˱ԼǱݱ¶ٸҿҡ
鷳ң֮ǰû㣬һ˵˼
ǲǸպã޷ǵһЦҴӦ褣Ҫҳ࣬¹ҲڽϢҪţǺ¡
ңգҡͷһЦ˾ͳɡô֪ȥ˕F
㻹ȥ޷ǵҾ򷢣һ跨ӱ뿪ǡ书ǲ㣬΢ҪôԸ
Ȼѡڹ컯֮Լû㵶ңҲ²ʲôɼȻѾˣܶſɲУ֮ǰ̶˵ܵŪΪҪ˵ɣѾӽ࣬Ҳľô
ͬȥ
ãң÷ͷֱ̧Ŀ⣬˵˕F˲٣̣δ¶ǲķס
ô


81 . ΢;ɿ
˕F, ϸڶңֻѵĻչ˹һ̳þ, һ, ˫ַ, Ƶǰ
СѾͷϻôʲô˕FٺЦ, 
ǰлֱ˵ң, ҲֻǼһ, ôԱˣȴԳ̸
ôܲأ˕F, ֵŮ, ΢Ů, ͬãô㲻̸
ңһЦ, ̳, Լǰľǰ˵⻰һšǽ죬ȴˡ
Ŷ
Ҳ˰, ģңֱ˵ʵ, ֮ʲôԹԹ, ҿɹܲšȻֶŮ, ΪλҪһһιĨ̽ңʲôֱ˵أ
˵, Ըˣ˕Fü
˵أң΢
չ˵, һ, ЩƭȥŻ΢֪ĸð˳ߵ˸ǰ˵·ǵ治ɣԼ
ңʶվ˺һ
һˣ΢ü΢
ˣңҪɱ
΢Цһôȴû뵽Ǹͷڹ֪꣬Ů˺档ĳЩˣúܡ˵ţƳ˕F䷭˸ۡ
̼ȻϲôЩǲֻ˽˵ңʵ
΢˵űתȴңס
ﵽˣҲû徲̲֮ҽ˵ң
΢һĬ̧ϸһΣ˿Ҳա
һͷԺ¥¥˕FԶԶڶߵ¥ݿʱ˽˶бǻȵǼӣϣȴźϵһ˲һֻò˻¥ݿڡ
Сӣ˕F޷ǣЦΪˣû뵽û뵽
޷ǵһЦչյ磬Ҳģ
ð˕FüܺȾ𣿡
ƣǰϲ㡣޷ǵһЦ
˵ţ㽫¥ݣصȥˡһͷ΢ҲңһңɫԾ㵨ӿ󡣡
ԵһңݽǷſհ׵ֽжۣŷŷ̧һףֻֽһ㼤˳խŷ˳ȥţ˱⴫һŮӾ
ʱܸǽëңǰһţֻٳĿڣˤȼ䣬δһƬһ㶤ľ˼ֽš
վ󣬴Ҳҳ
ǵʲôˣٳҧгݣݺݶң
ߣңӸ£
ٳҧأֻûһߣ˵꣬Ͷ˱㼱ҴŻܿ˳¥ݶ¡
˭΢ü΢ʵ
ɵˡң˵꣬㼴뷿С
ٳٶ棬߳ŭ뿪˴ҴææӺԺãƼ޷˕Fſڡҧҧ뿪ȴڿ޷ǵһ˲ѽ˻תߵǰ
ӴСѾͷ˭˕F̲סȤֶŮ޸ɲǳţ
ﲻɲǶġٳҧҧƳһۣ漴ת޷ǣСŮӳйӶ£⼸ն˲ҲǾľȴΪηҪ衣֪ǷпΪҴɽ󣿡
˵⻰ʱһ˵ƵĻƲɺ̧ͷ࿴˶˼ۣ˹æͷȥ
޷ѻ˵꣬ǵƵĻĲɣһͣ£㼴֣ʢƵ𣬵ݸ˕FƵƳһٳ٣ȴֻһЦȻΪ¶Ϊβѡ㿪ȴҪѰף뿿ռȻ˶֪㡮̹̹
㡭ٳһʱ
ǹ⿿˵ġ޷ǵһЦԼʲô׾ͺá԰գ㲻ٶ࿴һۣǶ룬Ƶ˕F
˕F̻⣬Ʊյͬľ룬þ
ٳҧΣȻЦһԵ˵ͷĬšáá˵꣬㼴ȥ
״æ׷ȥ
ʲôˣô֮ǰû˕Fſʵ
졣޷ǵһЦ
Ѿͷɣء˕F˵
ǰβ˵˵ôҵģ޷ǲ⣬
СӣҲĻȴҵ죿˕Fָָ޷ǣҡͷЦҲգҺȾƵķϣ֪ʲô
˕Fˣ컬࣬Ϊ˵Ҳֱˬл˵
˿¥ϵ΢ʼϡңڣҲʲô˵
ȥЩ꣬һֱ֪Լ˭ɽʱҲû˸߹ңҵ⡣ңڣĸ꣬˲úͽչ꣬һֱʮꡣ
ʮꣿڶ󣿡΢ʵ
ǰˣңŵǽҵݣ˱䣬ҲҲֲѳʦţҲΪȥɽۣʦĸµｻңҴ
͸֪ӡ£΢±Ҳһö̵ǡ
ҵûңһöšȥӡ£
һ΢ȻЦվȥ֪£
ԣ̻ǲ˵𣿡ңվ
ֻͬһżˣҲȥ΢걳֪ˣȷ磬Ͳϵáһ˵ȣΧˣҲǲʵֻΪСӻƭ㼸䣬㵱ǼڵһսУδ侮ʯ֮£
ԣΪ֮ԲĻֻΪ϶Ů鳤ңҡҡͷˣֻ밴Լж°ˡ
ʲô𣿡
ΪĶԴҲСң߹ңһʲôʲôϲΣίȫĪˣĪ㹻ˡֻԼɽһУⱳɡ֤˵ĻǶԵģҲÿ
Ŷ΢ͷƳһۣЦԴȻԡ
֪˵ЩֻΪӲϴңԣȻϸңҲֻϣϻصܹͽ⡣ٷ£ҲԼе۵
档΢ЦƢ
ҵңĴηԶԶ
΢˵ߵǰվע˫ĿãȻЦ˵жϣСӣͬߵˡҲͬҴģ
˵ңͷ
ҿԸ˭֮·ôߣԼá΢˵ţ㼴յߣС˵һ֡
ң˫ͫһŤͷδ
һˣʱ΢԰գ㾶ƿӣ˳ȥ
֮ڣ޷Ǳϣһ˫ͫʶǰž̳ȵ΢Ĺ˕FһԲ
벻Сӻز¶˵Ųƣȴôá˕FָָָָԼ㿴ңû
޷ǻҡͷƳõң㼴ӭȥǰˣʵأ
ˣңû𣿡
޷ҡҡͷ
ֹʲôأ˕FŤͷ˹쳤Ӷң˺ð죬ô
Ѿˣ޷ǵȥ׷Ӧü
ˣ˕FðŻعȻʵдŲߣȥˣ
Ժﻹš޷ЦҪȥ
˕F⻰˼֣ɷ˵㱼˹һƿԺ޷Ƽ˾ҡͷһЦعȴң۽΢һȻʧģ㼴ʵôˣǲ˵ʲô
ң㱻عҡͷǿһЦʲô˵ϴҲµûǸ˲
ʲôˣи㣿޷ʵ
ңҡҡͷȥܿĿ⡣޷Ǽ״򣬽첲쵽Ǽ⣬䣬پһ˱Ƕ¶Ŀ⣬ȥ
ôˣңʵ
ϻо̫޷ֻϢ˿ߡ
ң˾٣ЦΪλҪȾƣ
ˣоƱл˵޷Ц
ԣ˵ʲô

ԣ
ٳǸùҪҡ


82 . ǻ
ǰ²Ĳ, ޷ǵЩһֱŮҲ֪Ĵ, ֻһ, Ĵ˼ֵ, ûбߡ
ǲΪϻҪɱ㣬֪ԼóȻ, Ѽңңʵ
޷һͷ
ǣ˭֪
Ůͷ, ڷܽ, ʲôĻҲû˵˵ף˭Ρ޷ǵ
ң, ҡҡͷ
Ѱ΢֮, ˱һ䡣˻ص, ѵ¶ʮߣŵı, ֻʮա
˽ʱ, šǰԺˡңһۣȻ޷ǵ֣ܴܲӦҼ£
޷ǵͷá
㶼ûʲôңü΢΢һ
ֻ˵, Ҷ޷չյ
˵, ̼Ȼʲôû, Ҳͽ¶ˡң, Ҳ֪, ҵ
ð޷ǵͷЦ, ôһʦ, Ҿ˵вδκο֮ˡʵġ
ңһͷȴܿüôǽͣ
˺ü죬Ӧûʲô⡣޷ǵԼ˽»ҩǣҲǷǵôҶ֪
ң⻰ſڣȴֹ
˵˿Ҳûҩˡ޷ǼһصģȤܲͷŮæ
ƶˣߡң˵ţ㼴һѡ
˴žƫԺʦֵܽöкȻصУңһ㣬ŤͷʵͻȻðǸβƣȻû¡
㲻Ҷôһˡ޷ҡͷ̾
Щ£Ӧܿܽ˰ɣң̾˿ǵ׶Ķ
Ҳ֪˕F˵ЩǼ١޷ҡͷ˼̵оʵ˷˼˵ţ﷭ҩɴߵ£漴ң֡
ģôҲˡңߵǰ£һҩһ˵
㲻˵õ֪Ǵм𣿡޷ǵָô֪ͨǣοδǸʡ͵ĵơ
ң˴ü΢΢һɫ˼֡
һ·Ʋ֣£޷Ŀͣüۼ䣬ʵ
ûʲôңҡҡͷֻǡ̲˵ұ֪˭
ҲЩͷȻֱ޷ס֣Ȱο
ң˿ڣһɣȻʵϻЩţܲٸҿ
޷ȻͷҳǱŲƬġϳ켯ݸңңӹʫһʵЩƬԭȾⱾ𣿻˵طҵټнȥġ
һԭУһ֣ҵеĻҵġ޷ǵⱾʫҴͷβüΣӶ𿪿δк쳣
ңգ΢΢üȴȻ⴫ǶβƵƭˣղҶںʦ֡һǻˣԲԣ
һ޷üͷô
һȻطɣʲô˵ң˵ţ㼴תšһżƼӧקŶβƵԺϣβڼԺߡ
ְһ֮£䶼ӣȴûֳӮ
㣡ӧң뺰æ˭֪һȴβƸѡ޷Ǽ״һϷţ
ǡβù죬Ťͷݺݵһңң״̧ȱߡ˭֪βƾ
վסβһ·СܸĽŲֱȥҪ飬ôʲô
ιʲô£ұ˰㣬ҿɰﲻæң˵꣬ƹ߿ȴ˹
ңһסţֿ󡣶βƵʹ֣
᲻㶯֣ңû¡
Ҵ˻ſβĵ
ңǸ⣬ȴҲ˺ķѹʱɿ֡Ϊβƽֳ˿Ҳô˼ɵи˷뻹ûü߿ʫ㱻һѶߣ˳ȥ
ɵգƮеļҳֽŴ˸˲Զĳң״ŭȴˣæȥߣæ붼ˮʫɢŲƬ
ϰ֮Щ˵ĶβСֹţǰ뿴ȴһֻֿס첲һԣһģЩվӡ
ڷʲô裿޷ɿĸ첲Ťͷӧѻ㼴ɿ֣ɼŮǰס
Ǹôңβίѣʼն޷ǣ۵׷⡣
˵Ļף˻޷Ƕᷳʲôʱͣ
ҾͬЦ˭֪ôţβƺһȥ
޷Ǽѹͷŭǰһڣȴңߺһ޷ǣ
㼴תȥߣȴңŴʪʫһŲƬ쵽ǰʪ͸ĲƬհ״Լ¶ر֡
ط˵ң˵꣬߿
ͬʱӧѺŶβ뿪βƼƴͷ˱Ӱʡ
˻صңУʪʫԼһŲƬ̯ϷšЩŲƬմˮеѾ𣬻еÿһŵĿհ״¶Щǡ˼ţΪرѰ£
ˡȻֹȻȱʧ
βƻǰ˴æңֺֻֿЦҪЩ䵽ˮ֪ϧ
ϧƫƫȱʧҪһš޷ϵĲƬϸһͨҡҡͷǡʹǷŲˡ
ǼԺҶҹˣңҡҡͷղʫȥӣ˭֪Ʈ˺δ
ȥҡ޷˵ţתҪߡ
ͬȥңĽŲȵ⣬ûʯף£תȥ˷š
ôȥҲǰ취޷ҡͷ̾ôˣ
ȲµҪң˵ţ㼴󲽣ȥŶβǼԺӡ
Ժ˴죬ǵ桢ݴԻ˸顣ֱƻ裬ԾûҵȱʧĲƬ
ңЩģ˺һţߵȱ£޷Ǽãƣ㼴ߵԣοû뵽ᡭ֪ˣһʼ͸Ƕڷ
Լôûȣ߶ңҧҧ
ҪˮҲ֣ᷢ޷̾ҪЩֱˡ
˵Щô꣬Ϊδ쳣ңʵ
ЩűǲƬ٣ȴҲȻСıܣôմˮ޷Ľ͵
˵Ҳǣǡ
ǰΪЩűǸ׵ĶֻΪ漰֮£١޷£˼ȴãЩпڳǰصظµ֤ݡ
ô˵ңŤͷʵ
ҴСҵ͵Ϊϰ䡣޷ǵʦ˵ıԶҸסֻһӣȻûá罣ʧĵϺ£ԽԽɣһЩңȴΣ޷ֱ棬ֻЩػصֶΣԼҳ
ڡòҵȴˡңȻͷ
µֻϣһԼǰˡ޷վǲܣֻû򣬴ӱ֡
㻹ǲǵǷŵݣңʵ
Լ뻢Ѩ֮Уѻͷ޷ǵ˵ģӦþ޷ǵڣֻҳģ֪Ǹʹͨŵ˵˭
ңգĿԡ


83 . װ
ʦ, ң㣬ǻӧĻӲԶ
޷ŤͷңҲ˫, ̽Ժ, ֻӧ̤С鲽, ɿܵ˸ǰԵǣղǲ˴鷳
㲻ϡ޷˵, Ƴһңҡͷ, ̾, ȷС¡
Ŷ£ʲô㣿ңüʵ
Ҳû˵, , ǰЩӶݷùһΡӧ˵
Ԫ޷ۡ
ӧͷ, ܿͬϻǸʢ, ȫͬ
˵ʲô޷üһ
˵, ʢ£ײǣ˵Ҳ쵱, ڽ, ٲҪշ, һ, ŲҪ, ӧ, л, ºڽ궺˺ü죬ػΪ˶ι׼˲ؽңû֡
շ޷Цҡͷս˥΢μҵˣʲôշΣ
⻰Ҳܵ˵ѽӧݰ֣յŰߺҲ˵²ιﲻʲô¶ϣȫ£»ôӳ顣
ôһ쵽֣Щôģ޷ü
Ǹ죬ʯ˸ӣʦͬʦװõĴ̿Źһءӧ˵ͣ˼죬ʦȴԲ£ôⳤƢ۵İǣ̿͡󣬾Ȼһ仰ͰǸˣ
˴޷ǲԲۡ
ǡ޽ңȥŭ
Ǿͱȫˣ°ʮˣѵΪԲ˶ߣ޷վңȻطȥɣ
а취ңŽɵ
Կδعá޷ǵģò˶á
ңü΢´һãҡͷ̾һת߿
޷ĿıӰʧתǣعͷӧ˵ȥӣͺá԰գ㼴߿
ӣӧһ㶣ȻعȴӰȻʧԺ⡣
޷Ǿβ⣬Ű뿪ӣһۣûǺΣڴص죬յһأƬСĴƬŹԵײżԵٴεڵϡ
ɫǰƿţʰһöֻƴƬȥ˼ۣһȻԼĶˤҲۡ
ʲôβƻͷһƲƲ죬ȥ
޷ǲԣֻǶƬű
˵ͳȥβһŵ
ҿιƺʲôط޷Ǵ΢ƺֲ
ʲôβ۵͸飬Ծ˺һ
ûʲôֻѶιһ޷ǵ鷳㣬ΣҲ㡣κһˣι׷ǹʣʱض⡣
ңҶȥͬ˵ҵҲóԲ˶ߣβƵɴ۵
飬ֻҪ޶֤ͺ𣿡޷Цкӿɱ⣬ֳվķ׳öɡ
βƱΪֻ˵˵ȴ뾹ĳ֣һʱ˵ͷȥֻ⡱һ죬ͷһȴöƬȻǽڣľ֣̾ʮ㡣
ʲô޶֤Ҫʲôβƾ̧ͷ޷˹ҽС
к춯أöӧҲһæڣȴ޷Ŷβһ첲ϣӧ֣Ӹҡ
ӧʶ˳ȥ
޷ƽһ˹ȻԶβһٶƣҲϧԺֱӽ廨
βƲҺһ󺰾ӧ״æųһţСβҪ³ӣȴʹֱŵÿ޳
ӧգգۣȻ˾һʱҲ֪˵Щʲô
мؽңֱӴ·Ԫ㡣޷˵ţ㼴ת߳š
ӧ״첽ϣһֱܵͥԺм䣬ȷڵ˶Իʵʦ֣㲻Ūɣ
Ҫɱαô£޷ҡͷ˵ȥɣҼǵþǼи©ˮǡˮҲ࣬ȥ֤ûˡ
ǡȻأӧ⡣
跨͸¶һ£֪˼죬ǱԪ档ЩٴһѺ뿪꣬Ѱȥɽؾװڿأ˱ǡ
⡭𣿡
Ȼãǲ֪Ϲµıжǿ޷ЦȻãҪͻڣԪ㡣һͷǳУȻ˭ţԺҲ
ǣһԪȥɱأӧʵ
һͬʦ˵ãȵɽŶԪ󣬵Ÿųϵ棬˵Ѱ֮üĿ˶֪νġµһиŮ⣬ǰίʱĿ֤Ҳ޷ü
ˣӧͷ򣬡һڶβУ߶ǳУɿԶԣ·Ӣۺ֪ܶиŮһʲôԶ𡣡
ңֲڽͬǷֿģʱص㶼ԲϣʹǰߣҲòʲô֤ݣ֤ǡһβƵ˵Ⱥô죿
ԪֲֻҪμ˲ߣ˵ʲôš޷ǵһЦҡͷ
ʦа취ӧϲЦտһҲΪͷˡ
²ˣ޷˵꣬Ȼһüˣղŵ£ң
ʦǲδɩӷ㲻Ϊ֪һ棬ĺиӧ̲סһЦ˳
޷Ǽ㣬ҡͷһЦ漴ʳָڴߣƣЩǼˡһȥʦ£ʣµģͽˡ԰գ㼴ת߿
ﺮǰţȴ˻֣㼴ȥƼﺮ˹
ʦ޷ǵǰȥ
ղ֣˵ˡﺮ´һһüѪɫˣ
ո·ûϢá޷ǵ
Ŷﺮһüô˵黹˳
޷ǻҡͷû
𣿡ﺮͷȴ˵һϢλԳʿҵʿҲȥݡ
д£޷ǹ죬ںδ
Ǵˣﺮȷ佫жβôֵ鷳ǰǴУȥҴңȷҲײ鵽ʲôﺮ˵ţ㼴ߵһԵʯ¡
˵βƣӦʲô鷳ˡ޷£ȥҶβʱ˵ĻԼ߷£ԭԭﺮﺮգҾ֪㻹ֶΣ
ʵ֮١޷顣
ðɣȻˣҲֻôˡﺮԾ̾˿ֻǡˣԪļɵҲֻ󣬸ö൱Щ
޷һףм£ʦҡ
ôһˣﺮ΢һ㶣˵ɡ
ѧȫͼеĽ޷ǵ
ôͻȻﺮĸѹ֣⼸ʮһֱδóŻǳϣѧֻܰʦµĽףУѶȿԶ㵱ϰµĽöࡣģȻ뷨
޷ǳĬãҲȵϴУӦ֮ʱڵѧղҲϣҶĳŵֻ˵˵ѡ
ﺮ˵⻰ȻʣɫȻȻʲô

ԣ
ھ˻ͷе㲻̫Ӧ
Ⱥôһ°ɣҪӴҪöβƱ̫


84 . 纮
ɽ, ֻɽഫ˵սʱ֮ɽ䣬Ⱥɽب, , ɾ
ѹ, ɽŲľŨ, ԭɽһ˿Ȥ
˪ϴżվɽ֮ӭͣɽнΪ·ָ, ˳էߴ·
ﺮʦͽɽ, ɽǰһò忡ǰ, ˹ʩ˸, 漴֪, ʧԶӭ
ˡﺮ
չһЦĿңɨ, һ, λγƺ
ңңһͷ
ޣһᡣ԰, 漴ָɽ, , 롣
˻, ﺮ㼴Ŷȥ˪ж˸ǰһһݻ, ̸ң޷˵һ, Ⱥɽ, ͷƳһˣСʵղǸޣͬ˶ϤƵġܶ𣿡
ϵĴӡ޷ҡͷһЦҲⳡϣʵѡ
飿ңһ㶣ô£
һ˲šճȺ磬˭ϲ˵ţ޷üһЦ
𣿡ңһüʵΪǶϲأ
˭˵ǲϲң޷ڿԼյߣ˵ˣϲҲ͹ˡ
ˡңЦƵһѣ䣬˸ߺϵܣ
ǽѭȥֻӲԶ˹һ˸ǰң֣û°ɣ
ͺˡңͷôˣ
ˣץǸˣմȥڲҧԾǵˣʲô֤ݶûУ֤ץҵ˵ôӳ飬ɳ嶯ⲻһɽǵҶͬУӶˡһ±⼤ֻ˵
ӣ޷üһǲõܣʲô
˾ãñ¥ˣҡǻŰ۵
˵⻰޷ǲЦȴͷһģͷֻƼһЦݲá
㣬þòЦ
Ľࣿ޷ǿĿչա
ôղų֣˵Ǳ˴յʲôҲʣΪ
С˰Ȥ˻ؽû˿ɾͲˡ
ǣĽͷҵǰݻϡȹȥˣġ԰գ㼴ת߿
˭ң
ŵĶӣĽࡣ޷ǵ
ˣӦհ𣿡ң
̫үϥӣΨһŮҲ֪ȥ˺δֻðѼҵôλĹӣ̫үĶӡ͵
ңͷ
һһ㣬ʣҼǵ˵λϣ˷Űݼλһλ
ȽŲ㣬˾վ˵Сĵ˼˿ӦڴõȺ򡣡
ʮ治ָͬۼǰֻλãڷ̫ʦΣһŹȣȿܿȱ뷢԰׵м䣬˪жߣ˽Ϊ꣬˵ͣԲű֡
ˣŵĴһν֮λǰ˳ְֱ֮ա
ңһǧȿС廰ȣεʦִϵġ
ΪΣң
˵֪ˡ˵˵ϵܣҸղſһֱ㡣һ᲻˵
޷ǵ
ûٶ˵ʲôתȥԡع˵̬꣬ȴ˰㽡˶ӲʣݹȡվԱߵһӣǽеġ塱Ҳƽ׽ˣºţ˲˵ƲսթΪˣĶӵǳʵڣ˿ڵķһ̶飬ʱʱ͵ﳤƯĹ
λǰµߺλ֪һ۲ѣʮӴС˽ʦ೤ϡγЭͬλ飬ͨα䣬ѡ߽ɣλӢǰ֤ͬ
ڿڣɤӣ֮⣬һ¡λҲ֪ؾͯʧ֮·δᣬλһ֮նݳ׽ħ̡
أڳĸ·ӢʿСһһ볤ߣɷǵ˺Ȼ˵λǰЩ˵һ£֪Ǽ١
ʩׯ˵Ⱥ˻ص
Ҳûʲôǵ;˵ʩḧ룬ǸŮħͷ֪иӡ
һһƬȻ
ңüһ̧޷ǣȴְͷҡҡͷ漴ס֡
ĻǼٵģһδ󺺳ʩˡ
֪ļٵģŮ˶ˣʮ꣬ҪкӣǸպó겻ã˷˵
еԣһʱ۷׷ס
Ǿ˵иӣ˽ֿʼЩ˵Ĺ
ǰҳɱ˲͵ˣ𽥷ڡ
ţóǱδ󺺳ﺮ˵Χˣɲ룬ЩţҲû˵ǿɾ̫ˡ
λɱˣͯʧ֮£ĳɷź֮ﺮںͯʧ٣Ϊ֪кһ£ĳδš
ʩׯ⻰Ǵģδתʩʡ
Ҵģʩ
˵ĶƨδһֵΪ˵и̬֮ŵ˿ӣűŵŮкϢǶסҲһҶɽׯȥͷڹ꣡
ޣƨʩһۣʲôӢۺúӲװ˼ŵĵֵ̣õ㷢𣿡
ң˴Ծִ޷ѳ˫ֽգǰ
λˣڰ֣λɣʽ佫֮һʦֵܽøλסҹʱ룬λɽϯưϯɾ⡣ͯʧ֮£Ҳ˵絽ϯϣϸϸۣΣ
Ȼγ϶˵ˣǵȻǹˡ˵
ͷ΢Ц㼴鰲ȥڳҲ½˳⣬Ⱥš

ԣ
оŮЩ̨ʻеģõ


85 . Ҷ׷
ﺮ޹֮˾Զ, ߵ˸ǰѹɤǶ˴ȥݣδκˣ
޷ҡҡͷ
ղ˵Ǹ˭ңһü, ʵ
Ҷɽׯׯ, ʩ޷ǵ
ﺮĬƬ, ҴҽһһС£Ҫ嶯㼴ת߿
޷, 㡣ңﺮԶȻü, Ťͷһ޷, ϸ»ص, βƳ嶯, ˵鷳, ֮㲻Ӱʹţ˵м½ȥ, ģ
޷һͷ, Ȼ
ã˵ġң˵꣬㼴ת߿޷ıӰǷʻ, һ˿, Ȼ׷ȥʱ, ȴƼһŵŮӭǰ, ȥͷ
ɽĿͷӷһ, ȴǿŵġŮסɽͷ, б򿿶, ء۱ϯںɽ˰λǣϯ䣬½ıﺮԪȼλţһϯλ֮ص֮æµ˰죬ȻתסһǰԲŮʵʦãôûն
һһ䡮նô׽ŮһҲ֪˵꣬ת󲽳ϯλȻ෴ķԶ
ޱ뻽סȻ֣ȴֳƬ̣߻ϯ
ңһŮϯ䣬Ƴһ޷ǣ룬㼴ߵһ߽ԵĿ£ʵ޷סǸ˭ìܣ
£˵꣬ԾƳһ߿޷ǣ˵೤ϵ״ӡиʦ㣬½գ˵ǰЩˣֱڶ
Ҳǳϵӣңˣβμӱ䣿
˵ʱӢѾȫ˳ȥ˵ѾõӣҲٸˡ
ңգ򡣽Ƴһ޷ǣɡסһ˿ȥСʵˣ
ңҡҡͷ
Щʲô̧ȴһִֻңϣۣǷӵ˵ͺȵӣʲô
˵㣬㼸ʱύôò绨Сӻδ˵꣬ңͷֱѱһѿסš۵úߺ߳һͷ
󾪣תɨһۡϯУ泰ԶԶǹ˵ĺߺߣȻ治ֳ֪ʲô󶯾
š֡۵Ǻ
ң䷭˸ֽ̧ۣƿһЩԵŸովӣ첲ȴ˿סͷһƣŷ޷ǳɫ
㡭ҪʲôӽͰ͵
޷ֻĻǷƨ˵Ƶһԣң£Сʵôˣ
ûʲôֻǾ졣ңɫ糣
кβ˵αˣ޷һü˵
ˡң˵꣬ȥһ¡
Ӳ֪˹ϵֻ޷ҲԼһڨ޹˸ۣٴǰȴһ˻޷֮ǸλϡһѹסĲӣѹɤҧɫٸΣǶ⣬ҲܰĹȴϣû
ʲôأη仹ǿţȴԾ˸£ұ㲻ţҶ֡
ңҸҡ޷һ䡣
䣬˵Ц˹һǶʣһǺĴӳԨ
Ԩϯһʩת뿪̧ͷһ޷ǣſڣȴЦҡҡͷ
Сιӣþòֳкȴһ㣬游
ʱﺮվԪٱЦϲϲ
ţ⹧ϲ֣ӶѽһԵĺʵ
ϼžڼȻҪϲﺮЦǰЩӣίСͽѰǧЩüĿɲȹϲ
⡭ǻȥ˵ԪϹҲסٱӦ
ԭ֮⣬һλŮԽԾǰȥԶԶţЦݽϣãת޷ǡ
Ͼã޷ѹɤС˵㲻ɣ
ôᡭֻǡҡͷЦ߻λʧ˻㶢ʢľƲˣĿն
ļơݻǼģҲȻ
ٱһһƣ漴˵ѵλӢ͹⣬ɽԵף粽Си֮ƣɸҪѡһλͷ֮ˣ£Žһģ·ӢۺЭͬħҲûһƬ̫ƽš
أȺ鼤۷׷סϯ̵оһ޵һһ￪ʼӦ
ʩׯȻ㿪ͷܵǰСŮѽȺ֮У֪˭һ䡣
ңšСŮ⼸֣뼰ĸ֮࣬ʹ޲ѣȴ޴ֻܽЩͨͨѹĵףأ˱ƣͷ¡Σ޷ǿ½ֻ֣ܲס¶ۼ˲ݡ
ʲôأϯӵĵִ࿴ۣŮҲῴ󡡣
˵Լ𣿡޷Ƴһۣص
ʷͬ˾ٱƣңյɨˣĵҵǾãлֱ˵ʧ档˵ţľ˽һ
Ȼָ޷ڶУüĲһ
ǡҿֻһͷˮô£
ʵЩ˵ʾٱ޷ǣӲãסᣬ汧Ǹ
˷ִ̣˵޷ȰңʾһС֮ĶȾ֮
޷ǰҧҧҲöͣԳȰƣٱһ
㲻ǲ𣿡յǰСʵ
װġ޷ǵ
ʩϹ㷽˵СŮһм䣬ģ䲻ʵ
һ⻰ңžյֲһ漴Ŀһľյ
⻰㵽״ģȺʵ
ׯһλſ˵ʩ
Ǵںδۣʵ
ϲΣٲģ֪ʩ
ЩνӢۺܣ˵ţ㽫ͷȥʮǰϣɻ˵ϣȴֲ֪ģͻȻһƬһĶֻ֨Զϯλϵıͣ͵ƺǳڵķ
ȥɽϷһ¶ǳûڵɫȻлʦ֡


86 . Ѱ鲭
, ڱƱ㣬ɢȥ˶ȵ, , ֱſھ˯˹ȥ
ʩžƺ, ̱ϣָﺮءظ, ֤ҵףȫȫˡһ˵, һ, ŨҵľһһҪҳǸ, ֪, ˵Ļ䶼ģ
ʩׯ, ˵û˵ѣҵﶼסﺮЦ, ڳλ, 쵱ӢۺܣΪС½
δվȣ㱻ŤŤĽײ˸һģ, æǰߡ
ﺮͷһܶ, 漴ת޷, ֻԭλһ, Ŀתλң, һ㡣, ﺮһĬ, ҡҡͷת߿
ңɢò࣬㼴߿޷Ǽ״׷ȥ
죬ɽȴ͡˷䣬ŮͱͲֶ࣬ǸɵŻǳϵķˣסڶɽͷϯ֮ԽУԽϡ
ң߳һ·󣬵֮أȻӿŲ޷ԶԶǣæǰһס˷㲻±˿𣿡
𣿡ңƿ֣Ƴһۣ΢΢ֻһ˾ҷɣ
޷ǿ˿Խ飬ü΢΢һ
˵ǰģȴѰƵģ
޷ҡҡͷԣ˷ϯŽӵĻңǻбԵɣ
һۣô򵥵£һµõң˵꣬㼴ת߿
޷Ǽ״ֻҡҡͷĽŲ
ɽҹɫ裬ԼԼ˳ҹ磬ԶһʯƮ˹һۣԼͬѭȥȴһŮվһ޴ʯ󷽣ִš
ͷʱôȥ£ŮһοһǵһǣѾ˺һΣ͸õĵ㡣ҿɲô졣
˭ңü΢Сʵ
೤ϵĴӣ½ա޷ǵ
ôôң½յĻ޵ĻҲ̧Щ˶Ĺı㶼ģôҪ㣿
˴޷ǲԾһԵңȫעִĶˣⲻ˼֡
ҿûô˵½ٴοڣδŵˣͬһССĵӼƽϣ
Ļ޵䣬°Ӷ룬˭һֻܵɲ˵
Ҳ֪Լδ֮λ𣿡½ߵ˵ҲˣޣϣǿЦ֪ȲңԻԼ֮ȰҷȰɣ㰵ɱ֣ҵϹ۲Żῴ㣡԰գ㼴߿벽Ҳͣ
ҡ½գΪξǲң½󺰣ȴͷҲϻءҰ׵¹ΣνȻ
ãֱ½յıӰʧҹɫ޷Ųת뿪
ϢʯӰ֮£ԶԶһĻһδ
ȵȷǳԶңȴӰ֮˳̧ȱҪߡ
ң޷Ǽ״æϡ
μһαĵ֮У˭书ߣңȻʵǸղ˵λ½𣿡
⼸ȷ˵һ֮УΪڵı½ա޷ǵ
Ǹղ˵½յĹϵƺ򵥡ңƺֻ˵˵ԶĺҪ
޷лҡҡͷͿʼָɣˣǰ˭лֱ˵
ΣңԹǰţ˵ѵ˵ˣûң
޷һ˵һɣȴѼӿ˲Զ˼һ׷ȥֱͷǰ
ңҲ˵ֱӱ˽ȥ漴ţȴְſϣŹϡ
ãң֡޷⧲ŹǰһģűײżЩˤæסΣ̧ȴңЦƵЦЦ΢¶̬ȥ䲻ʵٲ˵ʵҿȥˡ
òڻҳɣ޷һüŵ
ŤŤӣʲôɶúܡңɴ˫һƲ
޷Ǽ㣬ҡͷ̾˿򷽲ŴŵĶǣǰƣȻеڳϵ˿ɢһѵʹУࡣ
ң״ü΢һѾˣôûã
Ϊ޷һسڣȴϡ
Ȳ˵㣬Щ쵽ȥˣβƵ£ôģŷл̵£ǲ֪ʲôң˫ֻۣͷһʵ
޷ջȻΪ
ٷϻشҡңһۣ
޷ҡͷ漴ֱҿ㱣֤ݷЩ£û˵䡣
˵ңգգۣĿ
βƵ顭˻н٣޷ΣֻԭԭοŶβԼӧĽ
ңգȻͷɹһüΪλΪһΪ¶㲻
޷һʱƿԡ
ԴµĴȷѰ˲ͬң˼ȲѰˣ㲻Ѱ֮ûʲôˡ
˵Ҷˣ
ˣһûҡңֱֱ̧ۣ˫Ŀ˵
޷üһ˼ãֻǡ
ɰΣòײ¶ģ˵ûȫҲģΪЩһֱڱչһֱûкúϢ
ңգһ㶡
޷ǵȻЩнҲǰﲻæϣԺϺ»Ҫ㡣˵Ҳš
ãҶ֪ˣңڱ㲻϶˵ʵҵȷɹ㡣ɸղſ½ͬ޺ұˣĶͼôǰͿˣôôν֮¡ҪɵҿףҲ㡣ԣҾҪż㲻ò׷ҽ͡
˵ţƤգգۣ˵ˣǲҲûȥˣ
ˣ޷˿ЦʣȻҶ˵ʵˣǲҲøңЩΪʲô
ңһ⻰ü΢΢һȻɫƲƲ߰ɡ԰գӦѽƳȥعϷš޷ǲһ㶣ȴڴңɫˣȻطϢɡô˵Ȼͬ˵
޷һʱԣվһãֻҡҡͷת뿪
ݶ٣˼ǰ󶼸ſշԼʲôֻҪǹڳ֣˲Էһδˡ
ҹɾס޷Ƕһڿտɽ·ϣŶķظеһ
ȴʱԶɽͷȴȻһŮĲҽС޷󾪣ѭҽȥԶԶƳһĨӰʧҹɫüĿ¶ɣǰϸһŷǰɽ·ľͷһͱڡںҹ£µԨſڵĻޣһͷ


87 . 
ձǳ, ҲʽĻ䳡УۣвԵĵҲ½
һ, 뵽, ಻ס, ̱ȥҵңѯʣҡͷ, 䲻ţȴҲʲȻ, һͬȥ䳡˻δϹսϯλ, һײ˸̧һ, ǽ, ˸ۡ
Ӵ, ôʹߣﳰ, ڼտҲ˳ҲͰ, ĵͷùͬʲô˵
ҿɲ㡣˫ջر󣬻һۣЦ˵, û, ʱԲ˶, ҿɹܲš
⻰, Ա, һת, ɿңӹ, ·ƵıܿĿ⣬߿
ˡϯų̸ЦﺮʦҲˡ޷أ
ңĿ֮չȫü
ͬûʲô𣿡ʵ
˵Ļ춼˵ˡңȥʱúõģⶼ쳽ʱˣҲˡ
޷ǵǾ罣ĺˣ˷ǰҲǳ˸׵ţҲܿ췢£ﺮѯʡ
ﺮü漴չĿңԽͷӶ㼴վˡ
ʦֱͦΣﺮʦ𣿡
ﺮҡҡͷתң֮ɻ󣬸ѯʡ
ңҡҡͷһط˵˼仰ˡȻһʼЩִ˵ˣûᡣ
ɽҼвûˣ춼ﺮü΢⺢ӣҪôûϢҪôûع
ôңҡͷѡ
ˣҲͦģɽϻƸʲôͷ
ʱһڵӾۼ֮ͻȻһŮʹޣٸװ⣬Ųɱ㣡
һ羪ףڳ֮˶˸׷ŤͷȥֻһѾ޵죬ŭĿ֮޵ãдżľګ·֪˺¡
ʦ侲ЩԨΪϵ곤һλǰͣͼֿˣٵȵȣ½ʦǰЩܹˣӰϢóˣһ㵽ˡ
Ϲ˵ȥʦڷ۽Ƿ죬֮ɫȻŭ
ʦãûк޹ǻٵȵȰɡ
ѽʲôõȵģһղǻõһ첻ɣ˵ĶΦüʵЩª˵Ҳ
Ǳ˵棬ʧ˷ִ硣ĶӻҲæǰͣ
ôɵ£ҧгݵձ䣬ʧ١ο㻹䡣ôǿʦ㲻ȥ磬¶ǲǣ
ʧһԶԶŴ˾һ㶣ץ˰ɣ
ģңҡͷ°ߵͯǶʮŵͶôˣҲϲϡ
ôȷ
Ҿ֪ңҧҧǣٿɣҲһˡ
ϯϽӴ˵ļϣȻҲ⵽µĶ˪Ƴ˾µͺһ¶Ҳֹˡ
೤ϣô£仹ȱϯǹ֮Уʲôֱֵˣ䲻
ʦʦΪβܣоǱ
ûҪն˪м˿ҪӲ²⣡
೤ϣûкˣڼλʦֵܵİ£ò״ѣֻǼնЩᣬͶѣû˵¡
ðڳȥҹʦˣ˵űҪǰ֣ȴԨһλŮӺ
ˣȻڣǵϲ̨ĶŮ˽飬Ҫ˶֪𣿡
һ̱ͷȥԨҲٳ
ǸͬԨһµŮӣҲͬһСȰ˵£跨ƽ
СȰˡĨ˰ᣬ䣬ʦ㲻˭Ҳ̨
ǡҶˣô˿ءСŮ죬һҲǳǩ֣½ʦҲ¡
תͷ˪˽еͻִҲҡҡͷﺮ˹
ţȥ˺δĻδ
ˣҪϢңȻڵ
ﺮ뽭⻰Գ˹
Ŷ˽⡣򣬵Ȼˣұ㲻ˣ뼸λۿ䡣԰գָϯ䣬֮
ϲؿﺮƣһͬȥϯ䡣ȴһסң֣յߣǲ֪Щʲô
½ǿˡңС
Դ󾪣ڿʵѵ
ûУң΢΢üҡͷ˵ǲɢ淢ʲôͲ֪ˡ
죬ȥȴԶԶعֻܻȥϯ䡣ң߿ٴηܣ޷ǵӰδֻ֣Ȼϯ䣬ȴӭȥﺮԵһλ
λãģĿ¶ɻ󣬱㼴ЦŮˣɡ
ңһ㶣ȴ֪λػһͷ
һԵľ⻰ľɫȴϷɿɨĽ㶣Ťͷһۣȴ˵
Ȼһŵɣ϶Ϊ˵ޣҡͷпҲ֪䵽׻ܲܿʼ
ϣⶼ˸ˣôѽһԵʩ
Ȩ˪лصϯ䣬Ϊз֮š
೤һҲϣԼͽܵš
˽Īǻˣ˪۵
ʩˣս졣
೤ƫҲ̫ˡңʳָ򢣬ڵڵķ򣬴ã˵
ɶΨһһλŮϡﺮ
ԽˣԽӦԼĵӼ𣿡ң
ﺮҡͷ˵
ߵ̨ǰ俪ʼҲ½ǰǩΨ³ٳٲ
ǡó鵽һս彣ޣߵ£ȴȻüͷһ¡
ҲμҲգµھȥʦһ԰գڵ裬תߡ
Ԩһۣ׷ϣȴ˪кֹعۡ
ʦ⻰Ų΢΢һͣͷĿᶨ֪һֱҺʦ㶼ӡԹңԹҺʦ㲻жһ֤ŮӣҲκˣ԰գ̴ܿ
˪俴ıӰʧɽ·תǣһȥ
ңŤͷƳһ˪д˿飬Ȼĵĳ鶯
ǰ庮˵Ǿ仰
ȻִţҳҲҪǿʶΪǵĵӡӴ˿ÿһεĵѡҡңóκ˲ÿ֮ţ
ңܱվһַβ֣ǷҪȥ
ңﺮȻڣڹȥĪͽⲻҪ鷳
ңüԸ˻ȥ
ʱ޳鵽ͬһһ̨ܻһȴ㶣̨ȥֻ类ʩ˶Ƶģȥķһ
ӺȻ˲ӣ̽ʵʦ֣ⳡǲֱ͡
ʲôȣҧյô˿ţҿɲƺҲϴ塣԰գתߡ
ʲô˪дȣ
೤ϣ޻ͷ˪һ֣λӢۺܶ֪ԼװףȴҲܾôԸȥܲ࣬ʤˣҲʤ֮䡣
ûǻ£úñȡ˪ޱ飬ǡ
ˡޱڽʷӭ֮ˣɵһ̣ȴȻǿһֵԲסλɣⲻҲ֮£ն¶ʦã˭ȱϯԣĽԷڡòЩ£ܰģʵڱǸ԰գת߿
޴˾٣дʴ֮ƣڱˣ޲ͷƵ˪ȴԾַ
ʦԨλͷ
⡭ֻҲǣվҲǣֻλϡ
ԣ³ǩ䣬ԭաֻҪ֮Ǽ»ԣӰ
Ҳֻˡ˵ͷԳԨڰ֣λųĳֻγǳ¡յǳռɡڶ䣬֣֡԰գ̾һصλסҡͷ
̫죬һȥңޱ鿴ϱĶˣС˵
ҪҲ̫ﺮУ²򵥡
ңһüŤͷȥȴҲ
㣬ǲǣߣȻϴͬңͷֱȻа취
ң
΢Ťͷø첲ͱͱӣʵ͵͵ʹˡ
˭Ӳ
ңŬŬ졣
һˣ۷Ź⣬ȴý૵ǿϧʦýСһ˼Ʋۣϲ彡˶һ죬һˡ
ӶϯŲ֮²˽⣬ִۣң޷ǵĻ˵ģڨڨյǰý㣬˵ҡ
ʲôѽм㣿
ңԶԶ˽ͷӶԼЩʲôʷʱϱ֮һԵĽ಻վкáң״ڣ·ľڵϡ
Ľ࿴һʱûελãһȸײθʹҲƶЩң׼ᣬǰһӸպñײϣȻȻȥ
ѽңѲǵһ ǰϷһײװģĽ״æȴһ˿һԼվӡ
û°ɣĽжʵ
ûû¡ңҡͷ˵ţ˳һ䣬Ȼɫأ
ӶˣĽһæͷѰ
ңһװżһ滺Ѱҡȹסµľ
ʲôӣĽʵ
ʲôˣһᵽ
һƻľܽػң
ǿҰӲǰżæ֧ӡңΣĥһŲɫתŲŲ¶ȹڸסľ
أĽ౾æʰȴӷƵײŴֻᣬҪ˵Щʲôȴ׺ֹλϡ
۷Ź⣬ʰϵľңء˵ţǰҪңϡ
ңü΢һѴľ˺벽벻ḡ֮ˣ˵ţһֶϯһ˵ȵǸλӲʣȸˡ԰գԶ
ڳЩ˶ԲǸСο˷ǽӵϷȣҲΪ⣬൱ɣϯչȥˡ
ΨһģȻǽӡ
ǣˣңŭصλԽ۵
عʾȴδ˵


88 . 仭
, Ƶȵ׵Ȫԡ⣬Բ⡣ȪˮΧʯӲݶѻ, , , ɢɫĹΣ롣
½˫, ֻһɢʹ顣֮, һԽ껰˹ˣ
⻰, ʱɴ˫ۣ
, ͱڼĿ, Ϊ, ȴ˾Ų, Ե̬ȡ˭֪ûϵ˭, һƺߣǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ
뵽˴½, ̧ͷһ, ֻһɫȪˮ, һͨ׵ĳ
ǰ˲ʮʶ, ֻǿг֡
ǡ½ճʵ, ô
ҹ·±, 㺰, ˭֪ڱ͵ϮҲ
޷˵ţвҹĻ桪ȣ̽ͷѰȴһƣ£ۼֿ죬Х´ʯ⣬ʸ±ڣǿסΣȻ̧֮ϣȴǿտҲӰ
Դ˼βϤײڰɽҵһµ·½պҲ֪λصɽֻùȵʱǡҼȪˮڴ˴ͣϴ°뽣մȾࡣ
иɽȥһϵˡ޷˵ţӻͳЯҩǰŮбҲ㡣˰࣬е飬¡
½ղԣչĿԶֻͱǧɡӹ̿գɳƣһ˿顣
΢΢鶯¶ԳЦȴȳޱȣжһĵĴʹ
½յ͵һȣֻСȹǼЩλǹͷмѿһ죬һʱ֮ɫɷף޷ǵҵˤˡ
ˣ޷һ㶣ͷʵȫ߲𣿡
½ҡҡͷ
ֻ鷳½ָ·λصɽϡٸ߼λϣ㡣
У½ɫһ䣬Ȼ顣
ΪΣ޷΢򣬡˵˻ɽϣ
½ս죬һԲ
Ҳգ޷Ƿ½ǰϥ£½˽£Ҳֻ֡βܣ°ֻȳˡ
ѡ½ձܿĿնлȡҺǵĶԹʵ֡
С޷ĵ˵ͷҹңĳӲŤ½գԼǴùͷĶܴԱȥٶ໰
½ϻвˣ֪ӣȴҲĿŵҩֻǽҩͿָ⣬̽˿ڣһСͿĨĥ˺ðꡣ
㡣½սҵķ룬ҩڵϣ
޷⻰ҩһַۣŻԭأ漴վ½ռ״ʵҪȥģ
Ȼ·ȥ
ȥԺ󣬱κҡ½յ
޷⻰Խ棬Ťͷ½գȴȥܿĿ⡣
㲻һȥΪȡ˾ɽϡ޷ǵŵĵؽ磬೤ϵĴӣ˭㣿
½ҧԾɲԡ
ޣ޷ǹ˵֣Ŀжȴ̬ҡҡͷ
˵꣬˶٣ֱ˫ۣһһ˵֮⣬ֵģֻλˡ
˵ûУ½һʯϣŭ
޷Ǽ㷴Ӧ¶پȻ΢΢һٶվת߿
ɽ䳡ϣڼ
һģǳԨһĵӡ
Ԩʮ꣬Ǽλ״֮УΪ곤һʦк񣬶ԶʦΪġ̽ơҲĹý
˰ٱ֮֮УЩϴʿԽΪ˵Ҳ߳ɣó˵ߣֻһɣۼߣҲý֣ǽ֮һʦǿνǷëǣ
ֻǳԵ֮߳һˡ
Ԩʹ̽еĵʽӿʱ㳯ŹŶȥ״˸ӭϡ
Ʒɨ֮ͣʹùгһһʱ֮䣬ݡԨԾƷһһʽƳ綯ɨһĽǶȣ׼ƿƣš
ϯƼкá
ǳϵӣ֮治ͬ졣ľп
Ľյ׶ߣСʵĽıһ
ƽ˵㽣ҾĽССֿɱȡľص
Сʱ˵ã˵ǳ̫ү֮⣬Ψһһʹó뻯֮ˣģĽʡ
ľ⻰ü΢΢һԾ̾˿Ҫúÿһֱ˵
仰Ĺ򣬳ϱĶˣȻֳ¡
ܺķڷԨʩ¡ԨҲ˳
һΦ
øµĳ֣Φ֪ĻŤͷ
ԭСǳϵӣȴǲݰһÿʱʣǸʹͷۡԭŴ˷ǩڶУôҲڳ鵽ϵ״֣˭֪һ˻
书䲻ԨȻ֮ͬУҲѷɫԭҪڣͬıԣһ䡢һӮҲ˵޷Ҫȥˣһ˱䣬ʦĸ飿
ȴûƵģһԲΦ޼ƿʩֻҪӲͷƤ˳
ʦܣڿڣԼСԻ˵ֱôأӡ
ʦС󹧹ʩ
ΦͷżϣҲ㾶ߵǰѰ˳ֵıԸȥָմһñĻ֮˺ⳡΦСٵһϳ
һ㶣ֿһΦֻҡͷ˳һԵС⻰һɣ̨
Φؿڳ˿ǰλȫ书ʦã𳤹˳ȥ
СһʱæܣȴǱɨ䣬صڵϡ
жʱһƬѻȸӽһ翪ʼʱ룬ϱ䲻ʮһбܵģ⻹ǽͷһ⣬䳡ʤ߻͵Ϯȡʤ
ΦǰߵʤʦֵǶлͣԼȴΪԼӮ̫򵥣ûʹ죬ǲС㳯ͷһ
СڵأۡһŻһѪ˼ƲԣһʱȻ
ǽӦ죬ΦҪʹУվָһѾʤˣҪɣ
Φ⻰ʱѳҲղ˪м״ü΢΢һԾ볡УһС̨£ֶΦгˣΪֹ
С̨£ͷۻһʦõĲ֮²ǿ˿ֱüͷȴĻʦ˲ӣʾ󣬸ϳˡ
Φ⻰̨
˪һף׻رϣתصϯ¡
¿ʼƼС˲뿪λȴýЦһӢ۾أԼ˭
ܺԼС
һıܿȥһѡʱصֱ᷿ңǰȻ˺ܾõţҲûκλӦ
ȴʱ󷽵ӷһӡ
죬ȥλϣ
ʦס
һ֮󣬱ҵĽŲػءŶپæȥ鿴ȴȺŮ½½·ȥ
ȵȣסһŮӣʵô£


89 . Դݲ
ĶŮӽ˵
ʲô
ɽеһֲҩ, Ůӽ͵ж֮ǻԣ֮ᾭ, 书ȫʧ, ˶ɽ, żʳ󴥣еӷﶼ˽ҩ, ֻ
ֻʲô󾪣²ɣ
̸ϡж֮, ̷½ҩ, ֮ڶҲ޷ȫˣŮӵ, Ѿʼ, ôء˵, ҲҴȥ
ԭһԽ쳣½¶ͬ˪, һʧ, һж޷ٲ䣬ⲻ˶һĬҲ˽ȥ
ʦˮ, һŮӶһˮ, Žҩڴͷ·, , һϾ, ǻġ
ʱеĶü΢, һŮʵ
Ǹղ, Ǵ䳡ϻԺ󡣡ŮӵСͬʦΪҪãұʦȥ˭֪
ʲô˰һŮӷ߷߲ƽ½ʦʧˣʦ˶˭˶񶾣ҪӺǣ
˭ҧгݣ޺˵
˵⻰ʳָʹУչָһֻؽڴȻиССѪڣһ˿ڡ
ʦ㣬ɲܻʦ֣Ů˵֮Ҳ˳˱䡭
º޺޵˭֪ǲ˹װˣϷ˿ұɽͷҲûҵʦټ⡮û׼ֱʣ
Ϊ½Ůпȥģʵ
ұΪΪˣŲ׳ѪͨɫǱ˼Ӻˡ
ҪˣҪʬ˵ɥһ룬ͻȻſڵĵӣȻվţóһ˪׵˷У
˭ȿģʵԱ߿ڣ
Ǻö˶أһŮӵδ˭µ֡
һ˵ָϲ鿴˺ʦ㣬Ҳ˳䡣һ˵ţһַŴǿվ
ʦ㣬ҶһԵŮæǰ
ǼʱƵģ˪е᲻պ˾ƣԼĴ̣
£´ɽгֲϲôܻᡭ
˪оӸ¿һۣ࣬ϲַ
Ѳܲμӱ䡭˴˵ţҪȥУҪȥޣ
ʲô˪кȵ
ʦ˶ֻɽвУϣά˻ߺô˳䣿Ҫͬʦһ˳˳֮λ
԰꣬һԳĬãڿڵЩֻĲ²⣬кʵ֤ݣֻߣ뿪䳡󣬿мˣ
ûʲôμ֮ˡҡͷ
ôģ֪ʵ
ҡҡͷ
ҲգȺúϢ˵ʦ˵£ǽöһ
˪üγϣ㵱滳ɳޣ
δǰ¶ۡ䣬˼
ԸʦܹΪҺʦҧҧǣ
˪вԣת߳šһһͣڿտͥԺС
ҿͬƳٽϺá˵ն¶ԣδ̫ƽ䣬һֻʣգҪնʧ࣬δü
ǺγΪǺ¶˪ʵ
ҲΪɽеΪڼΪţֶΣҲ֮С
γΪβ˪лͷֱЩ˲ɽУҲ޷֤ǲ˽ɽжοԵ֤Լò˵ȥ֣׾ٱƲϵټ򵥲
ô೤кθ߼
ĪҪˣղϯϵģˡ˪е
ܣȻá罣óĵĹ
ߵǸСѾͷأ˫еĻζδǸƲ硣
ɿĹϵͬһ㡣Լ˼̾һɣȥѳ޽лʣµ£飬ɡ
ҹڱɫ
ңվ˵ɽ·䣬źڳԶɫԽء
ȻŲͷȥȴҹĻ£һźɫڲԶʯԣ߽һǰղ䳡ϼޡ
೤˵Ķ޻ֻ߽ɽУô˶ߣŵĵӣֻʶɽе֮ˡ
ңк壬Ц
ɽ긲ѩɽߣƽͣвľ֮ͬ£ľܳƣȴͬС죬ңþɽУϰ·ϰ߷ֱ緽λжϵƣʵ㲻ϡ档
ǵһɣǰҲδ֣֪ǴӺζ޵·ȴδʧ
˵ţ˶٣ּ˵֪յı䣬ɽз羰ȣһ
ңЦҡҡͷձϣŮָǶμӺ½յ֣֪θܣ˵ɵӶһеԣϲӲ²⣬ұӲ˼
⻰ü΢΢һ
û֤ݵָأǿտڰݣӦңô˵Լʱ򣬱ͷͷǵȴǺɳӰػ棿
ſԣȻ㱻ңϣһʦԼڲ֮أ˭ԡ
˫ֻۣһȦһߣһҲ֪ɽʲôˮأҼɾһյĹ򣬱䲻һûҪأˡ
˵ʲôüһ
˵ҹҶ˲ײ½ִɱڰɣңת΢䣬ζ
޻̸֮ҡҡͷ
ˣͲظˡңҵҪڵʲôħ֣ǵðǣݡ԰գ̴߿
ıӰвһ˿ɻ
ҹ紵Ҷɳɳ춯ֵͶɵ΢⣬ڸŻľϸ֦ĩڣɢһƬҲҵϢ
˪дɽ·䣬ĽóȻصУƻȴطǽ϶һ޴ĺӰ
ˣ˪иæϨƣתߵǰ


90 . 
ŻӸ, дʵĳϣ˿̺Ȼǻ˸ˣִ, ͬµС
ѳ, , һɳƵҿ, Ľ
û뵽˪е, նϷ, ֻôģյúܸɾ, ˵Ҳаɸ, ǸҲˤǡ¡һȰġ
Ȱʲô˵, ȰȫҪţҪ޶
, ϳ˪е, Ƴٱ䣬Ҳ޶Ķ֡
ȷøɾһѾͷһͬ׹µ, ɲʲôСɫɽϵ, ʦʦ㡣ʽ, 㲻᲻֪ɣһƾʧ, ˣ
ƾ޾, Ҳʲô˪е, ˰Ƶͷϡ, ܰס
ģ˴ۣ²ҷģ˵Ȼ
˪ǰȴ˴ƿһģǿסΡ
ǰǸѾͷҲ˵ɱɱ㲻ɱͷָصʧķ裬ɱ벻ɱҲ޹ؽҪ˵ȴִֵúܣ֮µۼӣҲػỵ£
Ϊβ˪лһͣ˰ΣѴֺնˡ
֮ʣѳɴ˻䣬ӵ֪Ů˶Ƿɲó
˵ã˪пʼôһֱұۣ㾹˵ã
ã±㲻޶谭
ɱˣʲô˪ʵ
Ҹģѵ𣿡
֪ҪĲЩ˪еҪ󣬲Ҫÿζֻⰵյĵط㡣ŵ֣ʱֱգֹ
Ǿ͵ȥЩ谭֡˵⻰ٴľ
ԽԽᣬֱʧ·һƾմһ㡣
ƺɽ֣һƬɵģѹ֡
ɽȼ죬Եް
½˫֧ŵ棬ǿӻ˸ˡȪߵʯһ죬֫齩Ӳʧȥ֪
ʱһҶݽɵġӡǰ
½մ̧ͷȴ޷ǲ֪ʱѻתŲ͵Ĳݵǰ棬Щ԰գ㼴ʰĲһ£
Եĵϣż˦βĺ㣬ȻӲˣȴڼͼȪˮ
½㶣ͷɨһġӡ
䷽ԲԲȫƲϺÿȴô³۲Ҷ֯ƶɣȥɣ֣£ȷֱʯͷࡣ
ӿ˿ԼȣԼżѷ̬ü
޷辴Ƴľ̬һҪæ𣿡
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˵ͷר־㡣
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޷ԣǲԣ޷ʵ
½ձĻסһ
ʵ㲻˵Ҳµõ޷ĵұ͵ϮˣӦµλ൱̫࣬ʱұв֮㲻濹⣬˱ȻλȼǺγ϶֣ԿʦԮų⣬ֻʣһˡ
˵ˣ½մֱĻ
½롣޷ǵҲҪɱڣ㲻ҳ棬ҲĿŲύҲɣ跨£ѵȣӴ˼Ĳɣ
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ʲôë޷⻰üɻʵ׿˵ģϧΪȡ
½ԾɿЦвҹĻ
ҹִ󣬱㾶Ի˷УδñƼ˪˽
¶˵Ѿˣ˪΢Цǰ£ʵ
˴롭½ҧҧûȬյı䣬ȻҪμӡ
ɵӣˣͱˡ˪е̫ҪǿˣʵţʲôҪ
ôҪˣ֮λãôã½ίԹߣɤҲɵ̧Щҵ˷˹ӺҲҲˣĻȰҷ䣿
ȥˣҲδʤѽ˪Ȱ
Խ̳ģж£ѵ֪½յ֪ӮһӮǸޣʤʲ
㿴㿴䶼ûʼӮ˪ҡͷ֮£Ϊʦ֪ˡѽҲŻˣαأҪʤţô죿Ȣ㻹Ǽ㣿ֻӴ֮£Ե֣ˣ⣿
½ջȻüʣôʦҲȡ֣
ˣ˪£鲻Ըȥҡͷʵѽ⼸޶ʱҴ£Ҳˣͬͺá
ҲŲţ½˵ҸˮûϢĶ
ô˵˪ҡͷСƵģƢعںãʤŷˣʲôã
ȻˣҷţΪҪŷˣ½ղ
ɵӣȷǿ֮λһ޶ؽȥѵҪΪ˵ţܹ¿һ飿˪пȰ
⡭£½Ǻ
ҵɵͽܣҪô룬ʦҲûʲô˵ˡϸ룬ǿʤҪ޶һΪҪ˪԰գ㼴תȥ
½ҧҧվԭһȻת׷ΪʦҲŮ˲ɱ˸ǿΪһţһʧȥ
˾ԼŮ֮ϡ˪Цݣ
Щûб£½յ˱ŮǿԣŮ˱ǿ㲻Уֵ
Ǭж˪𽥱ࡣ
Ƕ˶õĹأķûˣ½˵ţԽ
㻹Ҫأ˪кȻŭˡ
ʦ⻰ʲô˼½ղ⡣
һ̣˸պɽ˪кȻ̾˿ݣߵ±ߣ¿һۡ
ʦģǧȥ½ոæǰ
ʦҪһ˪е
ʲô½ղ⣬ĽŲߵ±ߣͷ¿ȥֻȵɲ⡣
з򣬡˪еɽԨ֣ɵߵ
ֻǱͲ޴󣬡½һԭ֮ϣԶһ֮ʤ
˵ǲϷˣ˪ʵ
ʦΪҷ½ղ⣬ǰϸʣȴ˪кӿɱ⣬һʱ壬ҪˣȴԼŸıߣȵعؿȴ˪дһƣһʱվȽŲһ򣬵Ԩ
½ջ䵽˴ɷ£Ȼüͷ޷ǣֱ˫ĿʵиǰֻҪͨ䣬εͷһͳǵŮӣҲҪͬλãɻ˳ԣ
޷ǻҡͷᡣ
Ȼ½Ц˶ˡ
书ͱҸߣΪβ˵޷ƽ˵ۿ汾£ֻҹã͡ҲʲôµһλãҲصǷỳҵĳ⣬ֻÿһ£
½գһ㶣漴ҡͷ˵ôһˣ㻹˼ᶨ𣿡
޷ҡͷһЦñ磬ҲĻ
һ½ԾɳĬεգʵͬޣҲ÷֮λʮ⣿
úܡ½ЦǰλҪԱѡ֮ҹҡұҲÿնҪģԭȶͬһȥɽ໥ָ㣬ɴң±Ϥ·ڱϰܡ
޷Ŷı飬Ȼͷȴδκ졣
ȥǲǷǵŲɡȻҷ֮λķˡ½տЦҵȻϣ˵Ϊ֮λҪͬ˵ĻĻ
˵˴Ծ˼֣ҲףҼ£ΪҪ䣿ƾʲôֻŮã˱Ͳͷ֮λ͸ƾʵʤңȰҷ
޷գһףȴ˵
ҲҼǿʤ½һЦзࡣ
⵹ûС޷ҡͷֻ벻ףһѣֵֵֵز
⻰ȥ½ٴμ
Ҳ˵ǡ޷ǲ͵೤ʱ㶯֣ͬйϵ
˼ǲ֮λ½ͨ죬ȴǿŲ
ֻһֱˣ޷ʡ
ҵû⣬½ӣϸĻһûбԵɡ⻰˵䣬½ԼҲûʣֵҲŷ顣
˵λ೤ϣԭҲʦϣ޷˼
һΪʦΪһ𾴡½յ
ˣȲЩ޷ǳĬƬ̣˳һʱҲزȥ֮¼ȱײƣʦҲưոݡ²ȫ
˵ţһ٣ʵ⸽ʺϲ֮


91 . ɽ·ת
ҹ, ڴϣշת࣬оǵ½һ¶ִĻ桪
ն, ô̫, , ŷˣⲻ𣿡
ҲŲҪʲôŷˡⱾ, ֻΪ㣬㲻Ҫ, ˡˡ
ʲô㾹Ϊ֮λ, ҪҶ
ңǺ, ȵٿ, , Ҳ֮䣬˰ɡ
ôţҲ, ŷҲ, к𣿡
ȻûΪҪִͬЩ
ֻŷһ˵ʲôɾ๫ҲҪ㿴Щңǡһ, ԼŮ, ˸ôң
, ˵, ֪ҵ书ѷɫ, ߹, , ҲƾʲôҾֻ㱳ӣȴȥ֮λ

뼰˴޺궯ԼԴ
Ϊⳡ䣬Ϊ֮λİ֮˷룬ͬɸ̣ǰһ̯ӣԽķܡ
ͻȻʼԼЩ˻ϰ䣬һеԭ򣬴δʩƫƫͷ˵ľأ뵽ж󣬱ȥʻʱЩػĻƲ
źҲ˯žԷ´߳Էɽյأ
쪣ˮһʽһǳɡ
ƵһɲȻһкá
ý
޻ʣͷȥȴһ渧ƣһߵǰ
һʵʱˣδЪ𣿡
ϴЦеҲߣĪҴ֣
ûûУĻҡͷЦתȻһüˣҼǵһʦţձ䣬δǺιʣ
˷˳ڴҲʲô˵£ͺˡ
ŶںδɽбҽձȥΪǰһ
ǵˡˡ㲻֪ɣһعͷǰЩӣʦڹգƺ붦õĶᣬ֪ôһ˻ȥ
ʰѻתԪϣޱϡһ㶣һʱû˵ʲôȻعﳤȥ
֮Դϲ˯ĴҴܣȻԼķ¡
ʦƽ޹ʧ٣ңѰˣһȥﺮֵӦϵ£ڣһʱȻ䵽˽ͷϡ
Ŵȴ޴׻Ƕתת·⡣
ȴʱڴһ˵ĶԻ
㶼ˣпңµΦǸˣ֣˺ˣҪָ
ʦ㣬Ҳ˵µġ
Ǹ¶ԻŮЩİϸһƺǰΦ̨ͬС
ʦ㣬ʧٵ˲ֹ½ʦһһλʦþˣҲûȥ䳡ֻ书ãϳȻҪ䣬û⣬ȨȨȡС˵ţּкüûˡ
ô£˵˵
˵½ʦգӷǰӰڣڵϻв֪ҩĩҸ߱ˣֻͬ˵ˣ㲻֪ȥôҲҲС
Ų˵и̬֮𣿡»гǣ᲻ǡ
ʦ㣬е⣬ڱǰôɺϣ
һ޸Ĺº޺޵
վ⣬Щֻһƻ㣬ֻҡҡͷתصԼС
ڻ谵һƬۣҪǰƣȴȻϽǵĴ֨һ졣
ʲôҡҡͷƻȻһ̧ͷȴӱһֻѪ֡
ҵϡƬ̣ǰһĻֻһѪŮ
Ů˫ţѪ죬Ǳ˺һ㣬ǻһƬѪģݶɡ
λı齩ϡͷϸŮѪЩѷڸӲеȴʪȻǳĥ˾˼һ
ʶŴſڵӶٽƵ䣬ҳһɾİײڴϣ˵ŮȥתȥϵѪ
ѪλãһֱӵǵһȺ۵СҲԼԼѪǴһƬյء
պÿΧĿȥһҲûС
һкۼһ˼·ղ½ɽŮϵľˣϼѹʮϣΪ
ɾ˭˲̣һŮ֣
𷽲ž·ǰСᵽǸʧٵʦãüĲһŮʵǲǽоˣ
ŮǵףԼ˸һ˿⣬ǳںڰеȻһ㼤
ͷѲ֪ʲôãûݣֻܷʵ˵κλ
˵окηֱ𣿡﷭ҩȥ˺ü飬ҡͷ̾
ȴʱһ˹
˭һ飬
ҡ⴫ң
æеƿƿ޹ޣǰһխ죬ɷ˵סңĸ첲һڡ
ôôصѪζңһ룬Ƽڴϵľˣһ
ˡʲô𣿡
ңĿⶨھϣӲҡҡͷɽͷҶһ飬ʲôҲûҵɽκɫ̫޻Ұʱ˦˦˭ѽ
û´ĻӦŵĵӣоˡ˵˵Ѿʧ˺Щ졣
ѪңߵǰѪԴͷƬյأüʵðģ
ңֻǻɣҲ
ǡңͷֿ˿ˣüʵб֪𣿡
ҡҡͷ˺½յʧٶйأ˵޷ҲǾڵˣŻ䲻
˵ҲԴһԴң
ãðɡ֣̾ڱ˶Դ롭Ѿ˰ɣ
ô˵ȴⷢ飬ʱ̧͵ңľٶ
ңһԲƿߵߣϸ˵ƣ΢΢üָҲˡ֮ءºѻó԰գ㼴ӻͳĵ¡
ֻȸˣЩҩ᲻תЩ䣬Ϣһ壬Ŀʹȥ
ζ̫ˡ¯һպ㣬һڣ·֡
ңһŮϵѪۣһ˵ͷ
ҹңڴߣϢ΢ľˣ˼ӣߡ
ʵ쿪ʼұŹ֡ңڱϣͻȻΪʲô
ţ
ǰѳʦţŽҴˣֹɽң೤ôԴԼĵӣҲܡ
˵
Ȼ˵ΪʲôҾãǵĴҲһңüͷ
ùŹ֣࣬ǲϤǡϻбĺۼӦǱܴ̣ҶԷƺֻܡɽɭɭ治ʲôõط
˾ôһûһţʱŽеϮԺ˫ۣŴͷľ˯ȥ
ȴʱ˺ȻڴϵľˡءĽл
һһԺ۵ңһˣֻ˹Ҫ´
Ҷңæǰס˵ģǲẦġ
˱ţãֻܲȱֲסô򴲰壬۵׷⡣
п˵Ƕ֪ңҪҪǰ㣬ҿȥָֽͷմī֪Ļͺá
Ůþ˵ͷƴţ´塣
ͬʱҲѷֽīŮֱߡ
ңɿ˫֣ȴֱƷ̨ˤ´齣ڵϣī֭ȾڴȹڣٶȻʹȥ
ǡò־Ҳ˰ɣȻ
ǡңüֻٵˡ
ɹһǱ䣬һһʧǰ취ٵˡ˵ţ㼴ϾУ˫ۣ˵ҲܲףǣΨһĻᡣٹһʱյıῪʼţҲҹ㣬ʱʲô״
˵꣬⣬һһ淢ˣ͵һͷ
˻ҡͷͻȻֱһɲַ˵ͷ
ңٴζֽīھֱߡ˴۶̨˺ܾãżָ̧֣մīˮֽϻ˼ʡ
ָ˴ϣ첲Ҳйˣдıʻ϶޷ϡ
һ˼Ȼһתһ֧ʣһſհ׵ֽѺ֮гıʻд棬һ˿һ˵Ұÿʻָһ飬Ҫд֣ҪЩʻӦÿָһֻҪҡͷߵͷͺãһҵıʻпдɵÿһֶдңһ֡
ӿмᣬ
һָֽϵıʻȷϣһڣȷбʻЩʻȫƴһֻһ֡

ԣ
ڸоҶʼϰˣ12ĸ¸ϲˣΪÿ18


92 . ·
һࡱ֡
೤ϡңֽϵ, ˰ΣȻЦһȻйء
Ͳµˣ
һλʦ, Լͽܣң, ˵, 㼴дֵֽߵ˸ǰ˿ֽϵ֣ӺȻҵĲ
Ȼʱ, 
ǰһס˵, ƽ, ʵ˭
ڷ⴫һŮӻλ˵, ͣһաλЪϢ
ͣ䣿ôͻȻһң, ʡ
ʦӲʡ½ʦҲδ˲䡣Ůӵ
ҵ½ˣʵ
ûлش, ŲӦתˡ
Ȼطȥ, ñ˷쳣ңһ˵, һ򴰿ڣȻߵһ룬ȴ뵽һ㣬ͷԼ, ֻйŨصѪζȲǻ
, ӻȡĨ, 漴ƴ⿴˿, , 㼴
ңӺƻط, ǡ, ǿһǸղڽ˵Ůǰ֪ͨͣһյϢ
ôͻȻңת㻽סʵַʲô𣿡
˵̫ƽħ൳ңһΪα䣬¸·ǰӢۺˣΪѴ̡Ůҵȷǰ͵дţ¡
ңһףĿŮȥŵĻüĺһˣ޷ǣ
ع̱ɽͷ˿ͷ⣬ÿԨżӣᣬߵ޷Ƿǰ
ʣߣԨźδӦ𣬱㳯ʵ
ңеֲɵ߬ȭѰ˼Ҹ˵ǣȴŤͷתĿֱֱֻù򶨣ǰȥ
ԭ޴΢Ŀ¶мʱѹɤ˵к֮˵ü
ԨŤͷ˶һۣ䲻ô£ȴҲûٴ˷š
ձֻͣǷǰŴ򿪡
Ԩ˵⻰ԾûлӦ
ﵱ𣿡ңЦݱ⡣
ò淢ʲô°ɣԨ˵ִ꣬ţȻָ⻹δſȴȶˡ
ȳ޷ǵӰҲ˸ǰ
ң޿ͬʱס
ԨչգֵǸ߶ţǴ˸ЪϢһֱûӦԡ
޷бſЦЦһң֣վԼԣԳԨһףЦ¡¾˸˯Щöλˡ
㣬벻Ҫ֡˵꣬㼴ת߿
˳Ԩ֮⣬ڲԶеӣҲȥ
ôˣԨ޵ıӰֻɶͷԡ
ּй£Щĺá޷չһЦ
ԨͷԹʩ߿
ȥˣԶңһѣʵ
޷Ǵ΢ɫȴǵǣһʱ⣬뻳С
ô£ңʣѣֱ˫Ŀʵ
޷̽ͷƳһ޵˵ıӰ漴ңڣ˷ţ˾䡰֣ߵ£Ϲʵӣңһţݵߡ
ң㶣ҧǿӣҡ
죬³ˣʵôвˣ
˪Ϊ֮λֹ½ձ䣬ɱڣײ޷ǵһݣҲ¡
˵ʲôң󾪣æһ㡭
ãûˡ޷Ծ֣˫ĿʵձΣ½δҲȻճԣ
ңһף룬ô˵½
ˤȣֻȲɽһʱû޷ǵһȷǷ˴¡
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޷գһü˼
շ߶볡䣬ȴ˷εԼ˵˶ǶɽУ½ҩ֮Ҳ޷˽֣ͬˡ
֪ǺΪ
һҧ޸ɵģҿܡңһ˼Уҹһˡ
ң˵Ϥ档
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Ҫô˵Ļ೤ϻƵͷϡң²֪أҪõɽĶŶҩҲ̫£ʱٸŸٿ½ղһɾƺҲϴˡ
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⻰΢һ㶣ܿ׹Ϊ֪ЩǵͷֻЩһлʣ㣬˯˹ȥ»֪Ҫȶá
ֶܷܿ˭˭ο֪˪еĳ£ڷͲߣ޷ʵ
ѵбİ취ü
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󾪣Ҳᵽɤۡ
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⡭Ҳͬ͡죬ңݹţȴ֪˵Щʲôá
ʱȣ˵ܿͻ޷ߵǰ˵
ߵǰȻĥòεľˣ·˵ѨƵģһҲôãȻȥʧʹޣʧʹޣãѲзϵ֣ʵʦ˵ģɶģ
ŹϣʦīҲ׿ɼҪģּα»޷ǵ
Ȼ֪Լˣ͸֪ѣʲôҧҧһ˵ʦʦ;ʦãƾʲôǣ
޷һü֮
ҲҶ췢ģ˵Ϊ棬ԣ³
ˣ㻹޷ǶķӦĸ졣
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ʦʦ£ô֪ģӣָ޷ǵƾһ𣿡
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쿪š⴫Φ
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Ҹʲôأû
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һ٣ȴȻعζԭأпͷʲô
ʲô˼ңЦԼ⣬Ҫǵ鷳
ԭﻹбˣΦŷţңĻһеǲ£㲻¹šҪҲԼ֮ﶼó˺
ǧǰӦӢ֮Ҳ˵ڴ˵õѲͷǸʲôŮ֮ɽгҵкιϵʣλΪ֮δпӱ֮ӣΪҪѣ
Բסˣֻм飬еŮεģǾ޶⣬ֻҪԸǣԼ֮óǿͺãһҶܰġ
ԼóԶ֣кηֱ𣿡ȻʲôҲѲΪҪأ
ȻֻõˡΦŵĻһδ
ҲŶ


93 . һϦ
޷ۼ˨ʼɶ, Ŀⲻ䵽ϣŻţ¶, ȼ½, Ȼˡ㡭
֪ôҲ࿴һ, Աߵſڣȵ, ˣģųϲ, һ˾뷭𣿡
ʦ⴫Ůĵͺ
ֹͣ˻ζ, ⴫ͷӶһڰ
û˶, Ѹ˳ȥ, ȼ˿ع, Φһۣüѹ, ʲôûС
ѹˣΦĿ¶, ô֪
ʦ£ѵȽңҪȽʲô¼Φߣɫֳ˼, , ô, ѵʦϲ̽Ů˽ͲҵŸ·Ӣۺܵ, ߱ã
ðΦ˺, Ц, Ȼ, Ǳ㲻ˣߡ˵ţеŮӣת뿪
˶
һȵ˱ӰʧŻصС
ûˣߵ޷Ǹǰֱ˫Ŀʵʲôʱܴȥʦ㣿
»һ¡޷ǵ
˵°һۣ
֪ɷ֪ûʲôеİ취ܹ֪Ѿ˹ͷȥ˲޷
ڲУ˶ӣµҹ˵
ã޷һͷǱ㾲Ը
ѲͷܿɽϴŽһԨ˵ҪûֿʼѲͷìܣǰͻʵùŹ֣ҵԨѯʡ
Ҳ֪ô£ʦԸңһΪλõġԨҡͷѣû⣬Ѳͷʵǡ
ҲùŹ֣ʦôûзִ磿üҡͷ׷ʲô¡
ŹֵĲֹһԨɫأ䲻ģ˰գˡ
ˣ˭޶ȫȻûӡ
ʦͽͬСʦáԨҡͷ㵱Ȼ⵽
գüͷԽ
صУԣ˰죬૵ԡԣγͬ೤ӦǸµûͬʦҪҪʦ
뵽˴վߵſڣȴֳˣҡͷɣҪʲô¶ʦţĻʸμӱ䣬֮λУҵԼô¡
ڱͣΡλ棬ֱͬɽͷ͹⣬þֱ֮꣬䷹󣬲пС
¹ϡ裬յɽ·䡣
Ρλϵľ䲻ͬһڷֲǰȴþͬһɽ·
޶·һó֦ܵҶ䣬ãͻȻ˪е·ڴ
ҲΪ¶γϻ˼Թʧ񣿡
Ϣ͸֦Ҷļ϶ȥֻ˪жӭ
೤ϻͽУҵȻסֵѲͷʵ̫³çһûʵݣ
Խͣ䣬ѵ㲻³ç㲻˲ɣ˪дĻǸ벻ͬγڴң
Ǹʧԡ̾һʱ೤Ϲ˼ͽĪٷƳٱ䡣
ն¶ҵͽѵұ㲻֪˪еֻ֮˵ֻΪƳٱ䣬ƫ˽֮ӣһ㣬غγҲס
ҡͷ̾ҲգɫˣҲˡ԰գתȥ
üͷ͸֦ҶԶԶˣȵǸԶ¡
αֻӲ룬֪书ͬеκһˣ޷뼸λƥУ˲Ҹ̫
˺ܾã˪оסСԺ˸Ľ£ǽǣ͸϶ȥȴʲôҲ
㼸ʱģڴ˪еĻ
ţһ˵Ŀ
ģѾͷѾзϣ˼գ÷񲣬˵ʲôϢ˪еͷӷѹһ飬ǼʲôҲû֡
Ǵ£գڿڣɤɳƣƺǹѹɤӣһֱҪƳٱ䡣ãǰʲôģ
˪г̾ΪѾ˭֪
߹㣬鲻˼򵥡
úëֿϸ棬ֻѹ͵ɤмֶ졣
ѲͷûҵѾͷ˪һɣհΦѵǶ˵
˵ʲô
˵ҸҪѲͷ˪пȻ
߹㡣˵ǸѾͷ
Ҳô˪еֻˣն㲻ΨһͽҲң
ȷ½ˣЦ
ʲô˼˪еͺ
С϶û𣿡˷ЦҾ֪Ҳ˽ģı˵δϡǣСӣö˶˴Լ
˵ʲô˪д󾪣ţ
ۿɱ½գϷôȥڲԼЦ
ڷֱǸپ׺䶥
һ򾴰ʦ𡪡
Ϊⱻڵ˲ҷκζֻſڱǣǽ£ǽ棬ʮСġ
롭˪еͳȥ
ҲҪЩ룬ֻգգԸԸ⣬ˣ˵
ţڱ㴫ľͷײذ
޵Ǳ׵һ㣬ǽ
ʦʦ޵ķȴֻܼ»֣̿ԾһҲҶ
һסڰ֮ǰҪ֡˪еж㣬ҷȥɡ
һڴľ忪ϵ
üһȵƻϨ𣬲κζת뿪
ųصĲصУţͨһڵأǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ
֪˶ãʵ˫ۣŷԼſڵϡȴʹϥʹѣס
ϴ齣ҲϴҲ˯ôĺڵҹɫ֪Ȼе͸ʪһĨͷŷԼѳһ亹Ҳɿޱȣǻججߵǰһˮ¡
֪ģкȻ𷽲һ仰հΦѵǶ˵ҸҪѲͷ
ǲ֪ʲôǼˡһع˲񱻹һ㣬ʱѹתƴ
Ƶ⣬͵͵ÿһȴһ飬ĿȻͣһȴڡ
¶˵ľзƺһ˿Ѫ
üһתȴһ˿⡣
ҹģɢɢˣ޷ǲ֪ʱվХȻʣϡ
㲻Ҳһ𣿡ߵıʲôĻ˵꣬㱻۾ѨλҲһƣȥ
ôݰɣ޷ǻͷɴ˫ۿǰң
Ҫʱͬϻң
ǡˡ޷ջХ£һ޺죬ϽС
һ̰ν˹ɱ


94 . ľ
޷Ǽ̺ὣ, ô𣿡
ô£¾Ͷˣ˵ţٽ̡
˶, ˵ңµ, , ĸҲüһʱ
޷û˵, һ廨ƿϵĲͷ, һˮϡ
Ժ, ýָԼɴ˫, ʵҪʲô
ʲôгԹ, Ȼɱס
ʲô, ǰӵˣһͷˮ, ǡô, ͬɱң
ϻ࣬һŽ߷ڵأסؿڣһŬ, , ֡
ºԥ, ὣ̡
޴ʧɫ, , ȴǰѽĽŽ֮ͣ, ϸ, ǽһ߬סսš
ɫһ䣺㡭
֣޷°ڣ£ٲ̹ףǿɻסˡ
̹ʲôѵЩ˶ΪҪնһʱᣬ˳䣬ѵ֤ף
˳䣿ǲǷ֮ʣ¶ƫΪһ룬ֻҪʦ޷μӱ䣬֮λ綼ģ
ûУ޼ûնʲôҪ
ôӡһ·ʲô˽ģֹɿ˲ǰĽţͬݼ˶һۣȻ⣬ɤӣϧ½ѾˡȻҪɣǾһȥɡ
ʦˣƭңµ⻰޿ڣѺ˳
ңƲԣ֣Ѩʵء
ʶ˸䱸Ҫʲô
ֽòֻɢɣ޷תͷֱ˫ۣĿ
Ǽҧҧնˣ
೤Ϻıɽµ𣿡
ɽ£㶣೤Ͼԣ¸ûϵֺʦҲǽ֪
ֺʦΪʲôʵ
ʦ˽顣޹Ҿ˵ûô򵥡
˽飿޷һЦҡͷ˵ࡣ
ʲôࣿҸտġĵǶôҸʲôʲô֪Ҳǽ֪ǶùŹǰѲͷǺγϺ೤һһ󣬸µʹԨҲ쳣Ҿȥô£˵Ҳţɱˡ˵꣬һգԲٿ
޷Ǽˣüһ㼴Х£ƽʡ
ﬡһȴһ
һɣνʣֱָüģĽвƼ˿¶һ졣
ɵһ̣ȴüͷҲûһ¡
ɡ޷ὣ漴ʣɫȻ糣
˫ۣſ˿ǰļˣѩ˼ָм֮ɫ
ǡң޳ʵ
ǡ޷˵ţĿƳڴϵˣϵ𣿡
ǡòǡ޿˿ˣ㶵˵ĵնһλ˵ʦҲʧˡ
ʦã㲻ʶ޷һʱ޻˵ֻ԰ԣҡҡͷû˵ѡ
֯õĻԣܣиɻˣԸαװҲڻ¶ɵ©
ҡȷΣֻ磬ǲǡʲô֪ˣ
š֪ĻҪЩ޷룬ͺñ˵೤˽ͨ
⡭̾˿ֻýԼţͨͨ˵˳
Ļһʱ֪˵Щʲô
һǲף޷ǵϣɱ˻𣿡
ǰôԽֵ࣬Խڸɵ˶⣬ѵ˶ɱ𣿡
ʦһܣһбĿȻ
೤ʦϣ԰ɣȻʵ»ʲôԨԴ𣿡
ָ֤ʦɱˣ̫ʦڴʦһȣޱ̫ʦλţ˼꣬ͬλʦʦ˳ϣǽյ೤γϡ
źԶͬԶλΣεʦֳΪϣλͬʵڴ֮ǰֵ˼೤ϴСϣȥʦͽҪޣ㣡ԣǶ˱ֻ˽ͨȴܹ󡣡
ʦһ򲻽Ůɫ޵֮󡭡Ҳס
ŮɫֻԼ˵ˣ޷Ǻʵ
Ҳˣҿ𣿡޵һۣ
޷ûд𻰣˸ơ
Ůɫƫƫ˸Ůͽܣ˽顭Ҳ˪жô⣬е£ͱȡ˼ãȻָ죬ȻҺôһˡ
̳
ǡһֱֻͨĳֶΣ˪֡ӣϳ֮λҼǵ½ղ˵һֱеģŴǰ𣿶Ůȫ֮ģȴΨһһλŮϣԲѽ
ԣ˪а¼꣬Ȼ¶޷򣬡뽫Ƴеðη¶ܹȥ
ʲô޿Ц
㣬ô೤ϲѡҪӱţ˭ģ
λͬ顣޵
ʲô޷ʵ
γر䣬ֻͶƱƳѡʦͬ⣬˵Щ֮䣬˽ƣƫ˽֮ӡ޵
˰ɣ
ҡԥƬ̣ԣţҲӦü˵ֶΣֻǡ
Ҳ˵Ҫ˶ã¹ƫ˽޷ǵͷҲԣЩСžţôñ֪أ
ƽʦĻ𣿡ĬõңȻʵ
ǡ޵ͷ
Ҳ˵ֻҪţӽĴС£ⲻҶֽһ𣿡
Ҳôġæֱ
ûɹɱѽΪȻʱͲֹǳϣǰŵʦġ
ˡ޷ǰڰ֣ôģҲ֪ˣ֮ѾףͿҪôҴˡ
ҪǾ˵ͺˡ޵ϧû֤ݡ
˭˵ûУ޷Ǵ΢
ָ˵೤Ͼ˵ҰҲаʲô֤ˣ
㷽Ų˵˪ڷ˽𣿵µܵͨ޷ǵοˣһ˿֤˪С
˭ʦ𣿡޲
½ա޷ǵ
˵ʲôȻնû
ƭģһѣô˵ô׳Ļأ
ſڣȴ˵
ô죿ңµӣʵ
СЩ»ỵ¡˵磬æ
㶣η׹˵ͷ

ҹӿɽȼص仨ֱһµٲȥ
ٲ֮󣬲һصĶڡɣࡣ
Ƕ𣿡ңߵȪͣ£ָָԶٲͷ޷ʵ
һֱи⡣޴յ޷Ƕߣʲô·ôɽϤ
޷һЦȴش
ûȤΪΣͷһ۱ĽʵҪæ𣿡
ɱˣߵȪߣ£ҪͻȻˣ㱳û׼ͻͱһ
գ˸¡
ˣ֣һ̤Ȫʯϣʵȷﲻᱻ˷𣿡
ǼҷѾãӦɽУҲŵҺնҲŷ֣һʱҵ޵
޷ǻһܣ漴ߵٲǰƷߣ嶴ں½Ҹˣɡ
ٲӵкž޴ˮ׹ȪˮˮȻŭΡ
޷˵⻰ٳٲֻǻˮڸǣδܵöǰȴˮֳ֮Ӱ
½һ֧ªľȣ߳ɽƼһˣס
㿴ʦǡ⿪ѨһԺģæ󱳣ָ½ն˵
ʦ㡭ʦ㣿½ѹƼ½գ͵һıǰȥʦ㡭ʦôˣȻ𡭡
û¡½ɫԾЩ԰ףɫԣ˭
ˡ֣ǰϸͻȻۿҡûп㡭
ⲻԹ㡭½˵⻰ü΢΢һ̧۳˹
ǲǶ˵ʦ𣿡޿ڣ±ȻعͷԽʵ
ƭġŬŬ죬
ΪʲôҲˣһʼǻŵ𣿡ŭĿ
𱨰޵ɴۣһ㱨أ
ʲôţ½
೤Ҳɱˡ޺ò׼½գ־ϲɴ˼ȴƫƫ˱¶ΪӺÿֻܱȥ
½ˣ˾վǻض˵ɡ޷˵꣬޻һŤһѣʾЩȥֺ½ա
ƫƫ˸ĪȻ˼
Ѳ½ճȥʵȥ̬̲סߵǰѵɵվŸʲôȥ
ŷӦǰȥЩײϱæң
޷Ǽ״æǰȣŤͷһޡ
֪޴˿۶½գû⵽
һϲ֣ŶһƵٲ󷽣һ֧ۣ߽½ƿޣµ֣һߵʯ¡
ʯڳʯ񡣾Ө͸ˮŶʯµ䣬ˣһදˡɽһغ̶ˮˮ఼ݵˮ⣬һȪ
ʦ㡭½䱸Ƴһޣеʼղʡ
½ʳָڴߣ˸ƣ漴תޣȻ˵Ҫҡɴ·ڱǰһգҲȫȻ֪ɡ
ҡֱ˵ˡĿҷ֡Ҳǽ֪೤ʦ˽顭
˵ѣ´ΪƲ㻹ʦˮ
೤ϷֱܵͨʦԷȥ顣ָ췢ģ޶췢ģҼӺն㲻ú
òúˣ
¶㲻Ҫ졣½հ֣
˵Ļʵ޵Ӯñ䣬ԲżӺǡĶҲǡ
Ϊʦö޲ýÿһ仰˵ָֻűȻ˰죬źòװԼ֪һϤ档
½ƽĻԭȻɫͻȻ¶һ˿ŤЦȴֲЦ˿ޡ
˵Ļ𣿡Σ½̧ۣվڶڵ޷ǣ
Ӧǰɡ޷ǵͷʱȣȥ飬Щ֮ǰеɵ㶼ܶϣŰײʲô˵Ĺ
ǡʦԾɾš
ĿԲ½ղȻЦȻΪҿȱϯ䡣Ҫߣȴżأ
նң޶½յֻҪԸȥһ㡣
ң½Цҡͷڵľ棬ֻкôûлôң
æͣǡ
ֻҪشһ⣬ûзЩ£ճУҶ᲻Ȱҷ½մĻֱֱ˫Ŀʵ


95 . ǰ
ҡ޺Ȼɡ
㻰½̧ɤ
ֻᾡȫʤ㡣޵, ¡
ҹȥ⻰½ŭˣָŶڴȡ
ڳ˼, һʱȻ
ֻŭĪ, ȥ, ֻҡͷ߿
޷ŤͷƳһ۾Դٲһʪ͸, 룬㼴תϡ
ˣ½յĽ, żֿǻ
޷׷ɽ, һȪˮߵʯ£ǰͷ, ڱǲë
ôˣްһ, 
ʱ, ΪλҪϾʲôô𣿡޷Խ뷨˷˼
˵ˣһĪ±޷, ȴ¹ȥ, ճٰ졣Ȼƽ£ҵȻò롣
μӱ䣬һ¡޷ǵΪηҪ˵, һʤ, ţ
ҵȻ, Ȼʲô޵
ǡ޷һʱ, , ˵, 䱾Ӯ, ʮİ𣿡
ûУһᾡȫֱ׳
Ҫأ޷ʵ
һ⻰Ƭ̣漴û
㲻͸𣿡޷Ŀɿڴ
ôУҲ޵˭ֻ˵ŷˣһ˻˺๫ɾ
棬㻹ָϼ㣿˴˿̣޷ѱǰλһɵų״ܣҡͷְ֣̾Ҹ˵ʲôء
޳Ƴһۣȴֻܿ׻ٲ룬Ȼ޷߿ֱһԶСڡ޷һ˦֣˺ʲô
ɽ죬һֱͬһʵ
Ҳǡ޷ҳԷɴףҪˣæƲϵʵôˣ
ûңʡ
޷ǳĬƬ̣ͷ˵У
ʲôĿ¶Ρ
ûһû޷ĿϿңʵ˵
ǡҾʣްڰֵͲд𣿡
ʲô𣿡޷һͷˮ
ôǿʤǸ˶ܲס˵ţֱͦؿڣ£ôԶˣġ
֡޷ǲҡҡͷְͷ˵Ʋɵü档ȰܾԼʲôܵþкô
˵⻰תߣȴȻдһ춯ϸֻԼԼǽŲ˵Ҳʮˡ
޷üһʶƳһޣͬɻ󣬱֪Ҳ졣
üǰҶ̽ͷԶȥϡɽ֮УһƬѵĹһ˸ߺǱң
õķʦܡɫһá
ô£޷ǰʵ
೤ϹϽɽѲ飬ضȷˡһѣȥô£ߡ
ǡˡ޷Ǳ˵½һȣǺڵϹ𣬸߲ԶƽȣҲֻתصɽ
ƹˮ߽ڣƼ½԰ҩлһ˵иѣǰЩˣֹǷ顣ҵĴҩ˵ҩЧáͬıȣСһҩӦ˶ñж硭
¼ǹ½ƣһ˼½ϣδ⵽޷صɫΨң⵽ˣ첽ߵǰʵʲô𣿡
˪дɽ޷ǵڸܿҵ
أ»ʵ
˵ȥô£跨һ󡣡޷ǵô˵뿪֦ڡ
ȷʦҲ𣿡½ڽĲʵ
ȷ޷ǵ˵õĵӡ
ʦǲӦˡ½ɫǲϷŹҡ
ԼĿ£ȻţʰƲƲ죬
ûô򵥣޷ǵ֤𣿡
ѵʦ㲻֤㲻𣿡µ
տƾ⿿һ죬˵Ǵͨһ⹹ݡ޷ǵһɳϣ˵ĻԶз
ǡһʱ
ǼˣԸǰκ˵ֻҪɱǣﻹлɽ֤ݣ
ҲԲ˵½յȼٳԼ׹£ҵȻصɽˡ
ǰ˵ǣһ£ȵɽٸĿڣĻмֿţ޷ǵ
˵ЩĹ򣬻ߡң½յ֣ұȥ
ɡµ䲻˹̫Ӱ졣·ҲϤǶ㡣˵ţ㼴½ոǰ
߳ɽܿ衢˽̸֣ɽһȪˮУ;ʯʪ
±½գ´򻬣ڽ˴Բûˤ½ռΣżǷѵЦ˵˭뵽ǽҪΪ˶ʦ׷ɱǱôڣҪܣ䲻㡭
Ĳֹǣңټɽȣ֮ҪںڰѰˣͬ㡣
ˣ˶ڡǶںδܻᱻҵġ½˵
ǡǻһ·ɽأңü΢
ҲǷɽ·Ҽǵʱ˵һɽ·Ϊͣɽɽ㡣
ȷˣ½ȻοҵȻ
⵹Ҳûа취һתʦɽ⣬跨Щˡ
²ףң޷֣½ˣҲ㣬һ׷ϣһĻᶼûС
еͷҪңɽ
ȥʡңƶñ磬һǱ°ס޷ʱȥİæ˵ĻЩ޷ο֮Һʡ
뼰ԼݿܴĲ㣬Щѿڶһ룬ֻʻض
Ҳֻˡ̾˿ǵġ
ңһͷ½յȱߣ㻹Щҡ
½յ˵ͷ°µأңĲ£ߵһ֮󣬽ѡ
ĨһѶ亹ˮǰ½գȴطЩˤ
ôˣæʵ
µ˽ҩڴҩ඾ɢǰʱʱᷢҡ
ǻ˵ţ㼴ǰ߳½ձ
ߡң޷ǵ֣ɷ˵㳯һȥ
޷һͷнԶˣһ˵ʵҲͬһȥ͹ˡ
Ҳ㡣ңǰ׹»󡣽ô㻹ȷԼƽ𣿡
޷⻰ů⣬һЦ


96 . ׶
޷Ų, ǰһ˻ϸ̽ͷȥԼĪжʮ, ˪д, һŻ, ɽȼĴѰ
೤ϣȷ𣿡˵⻰˽, Ҳ÷ͷԡ
һСѾͷ˵նɽˤ˪ߵǰ, 
ɶʱ£ʵ, ڶûţʲô˰ɣ
˪в, ȻŤͷ, ɫٿһ
೤ϡװ·, ̹Ȼֵ߳, ô, ôʲô𣿡
೤˵һλʦǰҹ˴ϵǰ, ȷ˵
ǰ, ôղ˵ü
ѾͷǺԼϴ, ն, ô˵, ᱻ֡˪̾˿, , ˣֻҪ˵Ǻõģͬƽϡ
೤Ͽ硣޹˵⻰ʦ˭ָ·ҲܸЩ
ˣǣ˪üһô
Ҵ𣬱һɽͷһɽͷˣպǡ޲Ųæ
ҿҹǱˣ˪еջ񣿡
ûУϺ͸λʦҪҪһȥ˵ţ㼴ÿһ
֪˪йǰڣ˻ɣ󷽷Ϊ·跨ӡ˪м״û˵ʾⷽ˼ǰˡ
±ôߣҲٰ̧ͷ˿շ壬೤ϣϵģҪǰĳʲô£ǲǵá
ϻҡ˪е
ĲŸչãɽأɽеָߣĹһ㣬էů
һ߳һ·ûлѣȺǰͷرɫ̧࣬ͷһȴŨӿ¾ޣķҲ죬ҡ
೤ϣѵĹⲻܿƵر紵ҡҰڣ¶ݣҪˣմôߵĵطûлɽҲҪǵҰɣ
պôҲǵʦã˵ɥҲˣôͬеһü
⻰üĲšԽ½մʱֱֿ˪в쳣ֻ򶨡
೤ϣ쿴ӡһ֣߳Ȼȥָŵ˵
˪иתŻⴹɨһֻۣԶһڴֵ£һԱа˸ߵӲŤ˵ڵϣӵµĺۼȻǱ˲ȶϡ
յĽûôɣһʦܣС۵
˪вԣתҶ߳֡ȥ֮£һٲˮϣӿȪ
޶㿴ٲͷǲи˪Ťͷޣ
𣿡޼ٲ޻͸֪뿪ɽ󷽷ǰϸ鿴һͷȻиɽ೤Ǻ
㷽Ŵ⾭û𣿡˪ʵ
ҡͷɫ̫û⵽óˡ԰գӻͳ۴߽ȥϻмʪӡ㼴߶༸鵹µʯ񣬵ˮӡɢ
ǰЩӣ㻹Ҵնƣô˵£ȴ˿ţ˪еĻ
˵ʲôأЦЦͬԵѾˣ񲻹Ϊ˸¡Լ˵ĻһϾձϣôӢۺܶҪǰ;ϣʲô
˵նΪ¶㣿˪ߵ󣬵ҿӡġȤǣͷһ˵ӡϰ䣬֮֡ͬжһָô˸ٶû
𣿡תװʵܿĿ⣬ϽѵǣӲصѧ΢֪˿ӡ
˪иֵͷ̾˿ɻһҾùŹ֡ȻûɽΪǸӡʪأ˵ǲǸǸ˸պôȥ
ܣĴң޵ӡնҲ˵׼
˵ӡĻЩȷ˪Ŀ䣬һζ
նĻǻ˭һپһ󾢷
˪ָ£ֱǰѨ޴ˣڣּЮɨţֻܡ˪гϣΪ֮ͬУƵϵٮٮӦ˪вƵĹƣԵó
һһع˶ʮУ޳׼϶ſýж˶һλƽһ˿ĳϣ﾿ǺεԡȻʱȴײһöʯһģվȣϷ縮ŶѨȴɨУκ졣
޴ֻۣȫӦԽѸ͵ĹƣǷɼ䣬ʮСʯңΪ£һһ󣬵沽Ծ𣬷߱ڣƽһ㡣˳ɽУṦһƮ顣
˪Ŷһ˵ȣʱ֧˳ٳٲҪ̽㲻Ըȥݲƽ۷Ʊġ
޵Ǹ󱲣ʦһ㣬·类˽߰˰ˣ㱻ס·ֻݲµأվȣǰȻһƣŻһѪ
ȻĿܣȴ˪иߺһޣ㷢ʲô裿
һûһ˱ѳڣ˪еָʾ֮£׷ǰְ˽Ž£˫ַں
ʦ֣ǳĳʵôҶԳϳۣòǡ
ͻȻ裬Ƿű˸֮ʱֽš˪ǰһ޾ʹȥ漴ֲ鿴漴Цһַ˹ֱϣ˲鿴
һʦֵܷ׷̽ͷֱϲ֪ʱ˸ϸСĺ㣬һʱۿô£
Ǳһ
೤ϣ˵˸٣ôǶû
˪а˰֣ʾ漴˵û֣ſӡ˳޵⣬һ𣿡
ӡʦֵģһ㶡
ǰȥúÿѺ˪һ߳ɽһ˵ǵ֪ͨϡ
೤أߺ
նͽҲ֮˪˵꣬Ȼﳤȥ
Ʊ죬ܵķ֮ϣӿסһ绮ҹգ·ںҹ˺һͨѿڣ˲Ϩ
˪վ£Զװɱ⣬漴ֽڵ붪£󲽳ǰȥ


97 . Գ
Ƴ, ҹ緢İҶ֦աһһ, ·ƴ˿ѹͷ, һ̧ͷ, ᱻ׻÷ǡ
˪иʰһƬӲϹҶϵĲ½ǣ̧ͷǰľľǰԶֿ, һƽϡɼһƬ½ǹ込, , Ӳָܣ·, ֪ͨη
䳣סڴɽ, ȴֻǶԴɽೣ֮·ʮϤ, ȴδ߹ȵյС֪Ƿ޳߳û
˪һĬ, , ݲУ׷óһ·ǰԼĽŲݶ, ̤Ҷ, ԶԶƼһӰ, ŵĵ, 㼴ǰ, ͷһơ
һǺ, Ů, ֽ̧˪һƣ˫缤ӿ绮ϿգŮӣͫĹâҹ貵Ƕһ㡣
˪Ȼ˺üһ˭
α䣬һֹ½ʦò֮ϣȻע⵽ϼż͡οң˵࣬˸ͷЩҲرıܹע⡣
ⲻҪң
˪üһǰɿվڲ·ʱĻ棬ŷӦô£תҪ뿪ȴӲԶʯ߳һ᳤꣬޷ǡ
ˣΪҪ£˪ĮȻ
Ҽǵãα䣬ɷӢϷдšΪƽŸɡ·Ӣǰ⼸λϹ飬ƫ˽̻޷һü೤Ϊһ֮˽ɱ޹ⶼܣиУ
ȣȴǶ¡ңü۵㵱ȻԼд˵ʲôУҲʲôߣֱӳֱǡ
ƿС˪߳ж̽ǰ
ңƣֻ˲֮ңǡƽ֣ΪѾͷþȫһ˴ʹ߳ɾأֻһƵС
ң˫һϣסһš֪ʹʲôɾȥ֣˻ȥ漴˫һսֻһ飬һƿվȡ
˪д󾪣̧ң׷ɿһ˿֣ʲô·ֺò򵥡
Ұףѧѧң
˪ţ˶ϣֲֳָƣڣľѧơ
޷Ǽ㣬ﻹӲܣݲǰνȫһнᣬĦһ˻⺮֮Уһǻ𻨡
ֻ䡱һ£ɽܣڵ̼֮㽫ܵ͸ʪ
ǰЩӵĴߣ޷ԵХ֮󣬽Ȼһոʤһա
ңѳʦʱЩ庮£ʱֻʮꡣ
ɽѧ֮ǽ֮пڶഫ񻰡ȥıԶԶһʮܴﵽľ磬ʤ˪Уս֣ԶһҪƷλŵĳϣҲ̫¡
˪бδ˷Ȼ˿̣ɵҲܿƣپȥûڱЩ£һսܣҲ㹻ˡ
ʱһһɽϣŶ˲Զպһ
Ҳɽг˰꣬һ˺ϱϸ׵һм˿ϵǰ䣬һаˮ״ʯϡ
ɲɣŷһ磬ͬһƬƣٴһ⣬ٴλǵµİϱˢʯµǿʯ˼Σ˳ɽº¡¡
ʯ޶϶һҪ˪У㲻ģֱʯ˲޷ǵȲʯֱңͷ£ݲԾһѽӵס˿
˪г׼յһġ
˽֮ʹɽбµеСϡ޷ǱһƣͷӿůȴǿסտѪסең
˳б¹ȵףδסΣʯɶѿһڣű˳ų̦Ķڻȥ
ڶǸˮݣ»࣬Ȼôһˤö߹ǣŪãⱲӶվ
޷ǲΡΡվһַһңĸ첲̧ͷȥŵĶڣŷΨһĳվ֮˶ߵȣ϶ڳ̦ʪֻȥ
û°ɣңʲŷ˪Ĵһƣæȴ죬ҡҡͷȴͻȻɫһŻѪſվֱӣãˡ
ôϵȥңߵڣˮ˳Ŷܲסضºһ˿ԤС
˪еӰҲ˶⡣
ʲôңüһ
ͽ󡯣˪һȻҵģ͵ȵ˻Ȫ·ϣ̸Щ֮ɣ˵ţһǿպùԵľ޴ʯڶסض֮ڣʱ볹׵ĺڰ
ҪҪңŭ
ҪͲԼͽҲɱˡ޷ҡͷпȻлһ֧ۣպñֽţ±ˮʪҳһӳģң˿¶ˮ͸ɢңǰɢ¼ϸķ˿Ҳʪ͸ϣòǱ
ȻԼҲö٣ʤܵľ棬ƫƫң˾أ˭Ҳøġ
ǣң֣ߵ£ϸ鿴ֻϷǿʯδȫڵסһз϶
ڸҲǰ͹ƽʯʯϣԴԴӵˮ˽µˮҲһʼʱûЬȵѥͲ൱ȡ
޷üͷòԣ˰ΣȻңڵǲǳȥˣ
Űɡ޷ҧҧͷ˵˵Դ֪֮пܻеûһôҡ
ңĿһͷŽԽԽߵĻˮԾЩ
㲻ˮ̫Զ޷ǽӵ뻳У˵ףλ̫ˣЩ춯Ҳˡˡ
ңҡҡͷ첻ԡ
޷Ǽ㣬ɺô˵
˵˻ң
ǵڣȻڱסˣз϶ֻҪޣоˡ޷˵ţһۣȻһ㶣Ťͷ˵Һû޹
ҴС󣬶ûôᣬңֻĸзߵʱ򡭡ҾѹҲ޲
޷΢ЦҡͷôҲǾ𣿡
šңһҡҡͷûͷҪͣˣٻղ⣬Ҫ겻ͣ˵ǻܳȥ
ҪǸպûͷͣ£ǿɾ˵ˡվŻȥְŶڣȥ޷ҡͷ
Ҳ˵ʣµʱܲˣңҡͷЦ
̧ͷŶڵʯĬãȻչգתͷ޷ǣʵҲߣǹһߡ
޷ҡͷһЦڣȴңȵ֪ʲô
ţ޷ۣкЦ
ңǲ㣬ʵһֱãҵԼף̹Ȼ㣬ڣҲûʱˡң̸ҵĲ࣬Ҿãƭҡ
˵ʲô޷ζʵ
˵ǸˣǱˣǽ˾̵ĴѦ񡣡ң


98 . ˼Ũ
˵ʲô޷ǲ첻, һ
˵еһУѦźõһ֡Ҫ, ̩, ֮ϵʲõȺ֮ס, ܳɹȻڸǹҪֹ, ҪеĹ, ֻܹһС
ң˵⻰, üԽұţתһ, Ѧôֱ, Ϊ»Ϊ˳̵Ѧ۽, һͽ˲С, ˵˰
ôһ˵, ƺһ·ÿһ£ѦЩһ벻ס޷ü, Ҫ, ܹҪƾЩʲô, ôʮǰһս, кܶ෽ȫ, Ϊƫƫѡͦս, ֮ʧ, ۽ɽׯҲ˵ִ֡еõʲô
Ҳһֱ벻׵ġңҡͷȻʲôòΪλҪô
Ҳֻʧˡ޷˵⻰ȻĿʹͷң״æӻͳĵ˰ɡ
ǡ޷ǼСƿΪ죬̱㲻˵ڰҪֿ𣿻С㱻ʦôãҩǴĵģ
ϴ֮󣬰ұң˵Ȼصأⶫǣɣδػգܾҩһһ㡣ңͬЧмѰҩǺõöࡣ
ɡ޷ǵƲأŵסοҲһܻųȥҩѾҪˡ
ãڵˮҲԽԽ࣬ܿû˶ؿڡδϨ޷ǽ۾ٹͷһֻңӵ뻳
ŻˮĿܵѹȣ޷ǵҲһηң״Ҳ˵ֱŻĵСȻոҩöҲԽܡ
ˮٹ붴Уһû˶ͷ޷˻ۣڵضڰһ˲䣬˫ֻңˮ档
ңУſڴϢƬ̣Ȼ£̽̽¶ȣֺ
޷޷ǽӵڻУܵӿˮ̫ˡ
ңҡͷ˫ֹĲӣӣҺȻˡ
ģֻҪһһ¡޷ǵ
ҲңȻ¡ҵϣһ⣬飬һûꡭֻʣ⼸ʱһûΪϴѩԩûúɽûúء˴ǼҲһ˿ǻ
޷ǽӵڻУͷ䴦ֲָ֮ȴܵ˴˵ĺеһ˿ů
ģ޾֮·һ뿪޷˵⻰ʱû˿ȴֻܼѹſֻţ
޷ǡңĬãȻڵ˵ϣƶĸбӦ𣿡
ң
ô࣬ȴֻܺ޶գҲ˪жȴ˿Ӧ㲻˵ȥס𣿿׷ʱȴֻһˣ˵᲻ᡭ
ң˼롣޷æ·֣ͷ
ҵɽһ⣬ǼûмһʵʿУҲûһкýң֮Уޣ˵ǲˣֱ֪ںεأﵱƴµģЩˣǿ֪ж֪壬ǲ֪к壿һǰ;ֵá
޷գĬ°ٸн֪λشĻãſڵһͣԴ⣬Ҳδ͸ϣδؾǶ˵ֻıѲ⣬ۣ֮ҪԹ˿֪ϲûж񱨣ֻδʱˡҲΪˣǲҪȥ׷ԸԳ𣿡
˵ţһӵңһ򶴱ڡĴֻ̦ԴԴϵˮֱסӵ붴Уֶӳ˴һ˿
ңĻ˼һعҪ˵ЩʲôȴһοѯƣϽһ˿ůһڱǼ⣬ѪϢ
ѪˡңȻһֻˮ࣬ȻڣȴܵˮԽӿϲӦѾ쵽ˡ˵⻰ϴһ֮ѵʪʯԵ
ˣңĵϢϢģһģֻöӿ칫ŭХ²һٴȫĳ
ǡʱ⴫һ죬ڸ֪кңԼеӵ֮Ϣߣ㼴Ϣٴĳһơ
һ죬ʯӦѣ߽ǱƬʯҲѣֻܽ޷ˮһƣԼҲ֮ȥ
ضϿգ͸ǵˮ⣬޷ϡһʯˮУң󱳣ŮӦŻѪˮ֮УҲܿ³ȥ
޷ǴʧɫſȴǺһˮ˲ö룬ǰȥӵңˮ档˿ǺҹˮƽңڣصƽأٵͷˣȴǻԲѡ
޷ǲǼ̽ȷϻϢ̴֮зĵȻ˿̵ңݻ֮У˫գĻʵȥ޷ΣֻԿͣҩιУᱧĴѰұֱ֮һɽǰ˿
òһڵұ֮ҵһЩûлۣ෽ǿ
޷ǱңڻԣڣȻŻ֮ˣڶļǰðʱ龰
һ׷֮ˣĨȥմķ۳һ̫ˣںֹͤȥǼˮ顣ĿЩ޷ǲȻǰŮ֮ƺ׷ݵܾǰǴɽºӱǴλʼѶĪ
̹⡢òƺõĴʻ㣬ϣ·׹˼ӣ覴á
ȴΪԼ⣬㡣
֪ˣұ㲻㺦Ǹ˵⻰Ծ߬ȭת⡣
⣬ɣ쫷ХҲ֪ʱͣЪ


99 . 
ͷ
ĵ, ˲ڵϣڴŴૣ̫ˡⱲҶվ
Ϊ, ½, һ, Ҳ֪ǼûС
ҳȥ˵, ͷһڽϵˣŲһ, ʦ, ôֵģ
ǰЩ꣬һֱһ, ÿ, ɽҸ˽֮, ò˷֡½ڽ䣬ķ, , ɽⴥأСĵŷи, ǽϻЩģ, һǡʮ, ֮Ż, ֮Ҳ
һƨ, ģ
һ, ½ָһǽ, ӦǶ
ԣԭɹλãڵӡһʪΡ
ߵݽǣ鿴һ漴ϲһǹ죿˵˶֪ˣ
»֪ĻأҲĶˡ
Ǿ˵ﻹ㰲ȫվҲãҲˣһҹ꣬ǻûȥȻѲС
˵ϲͬƳٱ䣬ԽգӦճСüҲȥġ
ǧҪġ½üͷ쳣ǵҪȱԼ
˵ͷӦʣ漴һһ뿪ң·طѣͷȥ䳡ȻΣû޵
ӴʦãտˣΦһβͲݣԾ˳٩
ƨ£ºݺݵһۣ
սϯﺮһ·Σ㼴ǰסôĲɵģǶңأ
ûת˸Ȧ䳡ڿ˿üʲô˰ɡ
ǵڸʲôãﺮĿ¶ɫ
ʦǸȥͬҵ˵仰һġܿĿ⣬Ҵϯûٶ˵ʲô
ﺮıӰüĲ
һλҲϯ䣬ֻԱĻ˵˼䣬漴ӱյһ¶ޡ
ʲôһûվȱ㱻ΦƵ̨ǰվȽŲȻ̧ۣȴ彣һӹսϯ񲼺˳վ̨
㲻ã³̨ȴȻǰޣ˫ۿն񣬷·ʬһ㣬ѰΪͬ
ûд𻰣ľȻٽֻ̡֮ʹ˸Ѱȴܿ
شҵĻ˵ˣҪҵʦ㣬𣿡Ψֱ˪пֻ֪࣬òѯʣȻֻнӶͻ̡
书ԭֻ޷˹ֻȻͬʩչαЧãֻһüĴ
򲻹򣬿䰡󺰡
ˣ²ֻ˺Ȼ޵Ľȴ˹ңһ̳޻ͷ֮·¸ߺһ˵㼴ͷ£ȴȻһ졣ɿ̧֣ȴֱͦͦԵȥϢ˫ۣʡ
ѽʦɶʱ·ѧˣΦ죬еĹβͲҲ˵ϡ
ҡҡ⡭
׵̨޲鿴һ漴ҡҡͷβԡ԰գޣϯһֵԲסλ⼸һֱ£ʵ˷˼ձֻͣλ˵ţ̻Ԩά¾棬ͬʱ˰̧طڡ
µڵأ뷽ΣԽԽԾȻ˫ȴһطôҲվС״æǰ
ôˣعŮɫ䣬ζ
ͷۡҲ㼴ͷʦǶζҩרͷۣȻɢϯȥ
֪ϴ˯þعţרŸͷ
ллȥܿӺɵĿ⣬ﺮ
ʦͽ˵ϯ֮󣬻صͷﺮϷţʵڿ˵ˣ
ʦøϽȥ˰ͨһڵϣռϤ档
ﺮգڵΣ˵ʲô
û˵һ顣
ˡﺮʾסڣ˼ãİ𣬳ȵ֣޷ţΪҲͰˣΪ㣬ȻҲͬһΪʦҪ췴𣿡
죬˵һ仰ﺮֻⱲӶûʦ˴Ļһʱпտգ֪˵ʲôá
֪𣿡ﺮȻʡ
ûУ͵ػعҡͷ¶ǽ£ͬ˵
ҲգﺮεͷָɣһҲ֪ʲô¡ȥɽȿ߹·ܲҵǶǣȥǰɽ᲻ᷢìͷָϣæڡ
ͬӦû£˪л֪Ҳɽȣϥʹվϵ͡
Ǻ֡ﺮپͷ۲ѣԼед·ȴԣֻð˰֡
Ŀͽ뿪漴Ĵ鿴Σ֪˶ۼڵӷǰҴҸȥ⣬ʩĻҲҪţҪšҿ⼸Ĺ£һ̸áҵλſлڸɽ·ϣͬ˵⼸գһܰСǾʱһоˡ
Źƨʲôңģ»ȺУűӲ죬ʱһһ˪е˵ĽҲ޵ϣҲ˵ʲô
Ⱥ֮УѰӰȴһ
ʦʦ㣬ΪҪô˵ѽСС
ԺͶˡҧҧǣ
ʱ˿̣޷ڣλϸռһǶԡ
ҿλȥЪϢɡȴ˳ĬôȥԳ޵Ҳ漴ڿҽʦ֡
ҽʦ޵֣ߵУ˵о仰֪


100 . Ʈյ
˵ǡޱ顣
, ˵ꡭ걻ݵĿܡҽʦ˵Ͽ
˵˵˪ü, , ô
, һգǰ, Լҽʦ˵޲, ֮, ʵڿʲôԭ򡣡
Ǿ;ɡ˪
ͷ, ߳ⰲ, һһͻ, һֻʣ¼ͬסһӷıŵӡ˪м, ֹ˺ܾ, 뿪һ߳ţ㿴żʦֵ˽㼴ǰ⽻ͷӶ, ҽ, һȥ
, ϡæ, һ̱Զ
Ǿ, һװת, ˪뿪, Żͷżʦֵʵ˵˭೤½ʦ׹֮£½ʦǲġ
ǲҪϹ˵ʦ϶û¡²֪ʱߵ˸ǰһۣ
⼸궼֪ӣҲ˵ɢԻ˷ȥҲ˵ֻ̽ͷһΣҽʦҩ߳ʵ֣ҽʦʦôˣ
޲ˣѲҽʦĸ첲ҲõЩ˵꣬Զ
ҧҧڴ
ͷ˿ޣ㲣пǵġղŷĻҶˣǰ׳գôⶼܱأҲ֪ʦʲô۹⣬ͷࡣ
⻰ͬ˵Σ޺Ȼ˫ۣһ
㡭ô£
ǸɢôȥҺγ̽ͷ˿Σһˣ֣ұ೤һ룬Ҳ֪ôˡʲôʱ
չʱµôˣ㲻Լɹʲô֪ɣ
Ҹʲô㶵
㡭㻹ǵʲô˺
ǵ÷Żָ֪ҽʦ˵˿䣬ʲôʵ
֪˫ֻأ֣̿һ硭䳡ϣɱҡ
ɱ㣿޵ɴ˫ۡ
˵ͷ
һʱԣ˼
ιǰͷһ£˺󣬵ǲǡа취ˣ
֤ݲСüͷ
Ҫʲô֤ݣʦ;˶𣿡ʵ
ҡͷȻ̧ͷʵ޷ͬɽϵǸأ
һ綼ûҶǲ⣬˵
鷳ˡʵ֤Ҳûˡޱͷϥʹ಻ѡ
㲻˵Ƿлܵ𡭡
ǸôޱǱԹ˵һ룬ǰһŤͷʵҲðգ
ôۡ
޶֣ȥ˵˼䡣Ļ¶ԥ
䣬޹װΣҽʦǰ̽뿪֮󣬱㷭ţԨ⣬Ƶ࣬ô
˭Ԩƴûǰ˭㱻ס졣
Ԩͼȴ뷿ڡ޷ֺϴȣת˸Ķͷɿ֡
ôԣ㼸ʱѵģԨֻһͷˮ
Ұ¡һѹĲӣߵＸ䡣ԨĻͻȻɴ˫ۣ¶ȻĹ⡣
ʱںɽСڣޱˣվںǰһһ佲˪еΪǰĺüĿŤֳһʮֹı飬ţּѹŷŭ޴δı顣
γϣǾ˳֪Щ֪˻ᱻڹ޷ˣ˵ľʵ볤졣
⽫Ϊ˵Щ
ԾɹǸŹֵı飬̧ͷţųԨ˽ԼϽڵӶ˹Σתʵȸңںδ
೤Ҫȡ೤ϣҲҴ޵
չڶ䲻ԽǣУڽ֮ʱ⽫һ˵ٳ⣬˱˵ǡ
ҪҴ೤ϣܸ֤ݡ˵
ָϳԸһ𷣡ٴΰݵ
˵ġʳָָޣȴԼ첲ڲ
ʦû°ɣԨæʡ
ȥ೤Ϲ˵Ҫ͡
ǡԨԸתȥˣǰͷһޣȴĿͣŽĳ򣬲֪Щʲô
˪⣬˷ţӳԨݼ೤ϡ
˵⻰˺һڴ˪еĻӦң
ʦǰһԨ˵йƳٱ֮¡
Ҳȥ˪е
ʦȥˣԨ˵²á
һȥ
˪˵⻰վĳԨ˼ֵ춯ľ忪ϵü˼ţȴ֨ѽһŤͷһŷ˪Ѵ򿪷ţǰ
Ԩ̹ʩ
м£ͷǣ˪еҽȥ̽¶ڷУĴѰáǰЩ˰ж˶䡣֮ˣʹʲôУ˭˭ץȥ̽£ĪŹ
ǣԨ׵̽ȥ졣
˪нֱ󣬲ǰȥԨ
ȵ˵ӰʧɽͷԺǽ֮·˳ǰȣ뷿С
Сغôͷûÿһľ壬ҵأתһľ壬ӵԶ¶ڰĵͨ
׼Ȼ浽һ̣Ǹеսë֣ͽȡյƵ̨ͨףһȥصڰĳУ߲ϴĺײǽڴĻ졣
ȴʱȻܵһ˴һͬѰĽŲһЬŵأģһľûض


101 . κ
Ҳˣ
æ˳ܵ, ݽһֻտյĳľ˽ȥ͸϶ң̷΢΢, ۲, ֻŹһȦ, ֻشܵȥ, ľǡ
Ǹʲô롣
ΨԼеһ, ֱκ, ˳
һͷ˪Ԩǰһڴе
γ, ˪ɨһΧ, ֪ǰ, Ϊ£
˵λӸ೤, ˤ, ģ֪ʣ֪λӽʲô֣ɷһʣЩһذգ, Ҳָܾ, Ҳýи·ӢۺܿЦ
õĵ, Ҳǵ֡˪е
˵, ̲иСѾͷ, кЩӲټǽˡ, ೤Ͽӡ󣿡
Ƕ, ೤ϵֻǵǱ̲õĵӣǵ֡
ԭˣЦշĹ»ǲ٣֪Щ£೤οǷã̸һйأ
Ҳ֪ô£˪е첻Ĺ򣬱Щ۶ӣ̫Ǻ£Щں֮ڳûɽУŪơ
˵ƳˣΪѣһУ½⼸յı䣬Ҳ̫ƽ
ӳٱ䣬һֱ鲻ѵһֱȥ𣿡˪еο²Ҷ˾ʲԨ˵ȥϣô
£һˣ˵ֻҪڴϴһ£Ҳһ
ǿδأ˪е룬ȫȻһ¡
أʡ
Ҳͬ¡˪е˵Ϊһӳٱ䣬ίʵסο˴ǰĸλųϣڸ֮жҪڴ˶¡
֣
˵Ҳͬˣͷ˼೤ϵ˼ˣ˼ϵ˼ϵ˼Ҳһ¡
ҿûô˵˪ɵ糣
ǣ²ټģɲֹһ˵Ҽڼűһеֻһˡ
˺ˣ˪е
ˣ˵ŲŸո꣬书ǳȴҲ˱ԡҼǵ֮ǰҲ˵˷䣬˭ţΣ˽е书չŷ磬ǹؼŶˣ೤ϲǷŻ˵𣿡
Ҽʱ˵˪ٿһ
ԣ೤û˵ֻ˵ǸԳƼյĵӣ˵
γлֱԣȥ˪һΣǵϵˣ֮¡˵ţߵһԣ
΢ЦԣһԵĲյһڡ
ŶˣԨҽԽˣ֪Ҫ೤Ͽ衣
أܾĵģͻȻ顱һӦ󿪣һ˵ײײ˽̧һڶǰģǳԨ¡涾޷ʩչṦһ·˪зиȻܵġżҲͣǾߵ˪иǰʦ治֪ʦ𣿡
ʲô˪¶УƺԼٵĹΪ棬ˣ͸úúϢҪܡ
֪ˣ֪µңְ¡ͽҵʦ㣬Ȼô飬ھ͸ңһɱ˭ҰǶԸҲ㾡Т
ϵûɾʼ˵ˡ˪кţҽʦ㿴ɣɱ²
ԣΣܷʹҷ񲣬˽ˣʦɣ˵ţת˵γϣ˵أ
⺢˪ҡͷЦΣ˺Ϳˡ
೤Ϸ˵ǣԱ룬Ҳճ룬ҲǰɶΪڹ̣ܽϡɢ˴¶ҪվڼȻҵ˰գɡμӱĵһҲ٣䣬ȻճС
γϸղŲǻ˵һ𣿡˪һ
ٲ٣ϺͿˣγ͸󿪵ȣվſڵĳԨ˵ԨѾ˴
˵ʲô˪дڷֵ֣ؽսÿһƤⶼýġ
Ԩû˵תԱߵĵӵ˵˼仰̧ŵ˽ڵϡ
˾ڵϣ˫Ŀգ֪
⡭Ǻ˪Ȼ֮״ǰȥô˳
ԭ೤ʲô֪γһָ֣ڼӣǼôµģԼСʦñŰˣ֪֪ͨ೤һ
ˣ˵ڵԣ޹Ժ󣬻ͷŭ˪У˳ȻҪװʲôʱ򣿡
˵ң˪¶ɫҿʦŵĳϣ£
ķָܵ˪Уܵͨһסǲ²£˭
˵˵˪ҡͷЪЪˡ԰գͻȻҪǰȴ׼ĺס
ʱ֣̫ˡҡͷʹ˼ʹ˫ֻ£ֻӿ첽߽ʩ񣬵ʦ೤Ϸеȷֻܵͨǡ
ֻʲôʵ
ܵཬûһʪģһӵʵڡ֪ô߹ȥ
˪չЦǼɹϴⲻгҡԩңܸΪԼ㡣ҷеܵͨɽڣȵʱɴཬɽʯ˽ȥֻˡ
ˣֹ˻Ҫ˵£ˮոչ룬೤ϴǵڴô£ǷȣȻȵʯɺ̣һܵɲװ
ð˪еͷǺγͬǰȥһ𰡣
ԸǰԨ߽ǰ˵
Ǻá˵ţ㼴ת󣬵ˣȥ֣ҽʦˡ


102 . 
ǰ˶ŵʱ, ޾Żۣ˪зеذµ̨ףһ߽ܵ
֮ܵڵĵ治֪ʱѲཬ, û߳, ѥ, ·һ˫ЬȴȫȻЩƵģһᶨǰ, ֱһĳڣϷľ, ȴ˿
΢΢ü, ȻľϷԡ
֮ܵ⣬Σ, ŹǰΦô̧ͷ
ʦʦΦϻųϿ, Ҳ΢΢
޶ҵĿ, ΪʦֽҲֻˡĿ̾벻ţ
һл᣿Φ󾪡
Ǿ͵ÿôˡ
ʦķԸ, һΦߵ, ϻ̳Ͽֵ
ʦ޳ૣȻԳƵһЦȻü߳ܵ
ô½Źȣż, һ߳, 㼴վ
ʦܵһͷס, µཬ, ܵ޵
ʱ, ⴫˪еԭƾ޾֮, Ҳɺߡγһʯ֮, 밡
˭˵ƾ޾ݣ½յǼŭˣŹȣһȳһ߳⣬޼״æǰ
˪е˴˿̾վСԺſڣһ֣ͣ˽Ų
˪м֣һ
ǰཬɾˣ񾪵
ûУҡͷཬ࣬пˣֻǡ
ֻʲôüһ漴Ըˣüϯ
ȽŲ㣬Ͳȥˡ½˵ԣȻͷ
˪ҧԾ߬ȭ
ͬȥǰһȴСúչն԰գ㼴תȥ
ʾµǰֳһȻסڽնʵС౻½Ҳ˹
Ǹʲôʲʶʵ
˵űǡԪ㵭˵ţԾŤͷƳһﺮȴԶԶվȺ֮⣬üͷ
õѶһΣһ֪ô¡
˪Ȼ̧ͷŷֲ֪Ѿۼ˶ˣֻԭһȻ˸ȥ
Ĵ·ڵȴʲôȴƫƫȲ
ϣ⡭½ʦ㣡Ƽ½պö˶˵վǰɴ˫ۡ
೤ϵΪǶ֪񴽽΢΢һ೤ϣ˰ܵеʯ˵꣬Ťͷһ£һڵӷ׷ױŲϯӿ˪зС
˪һ仰Ҳ˵
ڵ½ܵѸٽĲϯཬϣŹߣŲϯɿܵͷһ˵ĳڣһͨҡ£մ
سϵĻܵͿˣ׵˻ͷ󺰵
ͬʱ⣬ʮŵվǰǳԱ̲£
ִͬ¶꣬ҲԼţȻ˪һֱŲɣִ׷棬ƹãȴδֲԼŻᵼ񶫴·Ԯ
ԨһӵӣȻ
ʱڴһ죬ţЩۼĵӣҲӿڣֻžһͨ죬֮ڶѴ
֣Ԩ˵ţ̴˳˳ȥ
ͷͨڴ֪ѴһƬӵĴУһ˳Ժ˵ˣϡ
δ˵꣬˪еӰٿضˣһֱǵؿڡδȷӦ̳裬ȴǱ˪һڼͷֻù֮ʹҺӦˤ࿪⣬˹ȥ
Ϊ㡭˪кȻԾһѶס½ʺȥȺ֮⣬ɫҲ׺ֱ֣ðɱ
üһſ
ʦҪһ𣿡µᵽɤۡ
λϣ˽ܣܻ˹أıеӡɫҲʮѿŲң⵵£λЦˡ
ޣ¿淢˪Цһʦ֮ͽʦһģ
ΧֵıͼΣʼ۷׷ס
ǧɽԭΪǿ䣬ȴܿһϷǲС
γҪŻԼ뵱أֺǺǵϡ档
ʦ½Цֻһ˵ܵ㻹ѱ˰Χֻѵָһѣ
ұ죡˪жʺȻս
֪쵽׿ʲô½տԼЦ˵Ϊ˲˵ǵܣǸͷݣôĺݵ˰ɽһλֵܽòųôµ֣
µ೤Ϻα˵ǷµծҲûˡ
γһҪ𣿡˪еңҲ˵Ҫأ
ز㻹ϣ
೤ϣ̫ϧԼˣҡͷϧѡ
ٶһ־ܡ޿Ȱ೤ϣǺοࣿ
ֲ˵һжΪ㣡˪к
ûΪôΪ룬ͲüӺն޵ҳϡڱʤȡ֮λһУǷǵնΪۣ֮λɲҪ
˵ʲô½һͣ۵⡣
նˡҹɽУ޷ȰЩȻඥ˲򣬡ҵ²λһʤңվҲμⳡ䣬šչ󣬱仹˳УҲͬˡ
ޡ½ոһſڣȪӿһ㣬
סڣ˪ЦǰͻȻѹɤüߵ𣿡
˵⻰ʱϴһ
ްѽǰ
೤ϣزôִԲ򣿡˵
˪Ю£˲òǰĲһ˿½ѿ޸ᣬľݣҲ˵һ仰˪ЮУһǰȥ
һԵ죬ﲻæ޳
½տһޣֿ˿£ǰȻǰĻ档
ʦ㣬°ԼǰӣڰɽĻյһԵ½ոǰƤգգۣ˵ʦ㣬͸ʦ֣׶˵ʲô
½һЦͷһıӣһûҪҪӦء
Ӧʲôѽ½յļ磬һ
˵Ժÿ춼һʱ½Ц˵ߵĻû˵ڣգͷס£͵͵Ц
أأҡʵ
ΪҪһʱ˵ƽʱǶ䣬ڲͬɽͷǼңģ½սһЦ˵ϲңÿ춼뿴ңҪǿԣÿʮʱ
棡ƲƲʦлֱ˵ʦ㣬㲻ҪӦ
ŮĶԾá
ɾΪߵ˽죿˼ľȻ˪УЦһ
ޣ½ղȻЦˡԲס
ȥֻΪԼܵЮ֣˷Ź˪Уʵʣ֮˱Ű۵䲻ѻԼҲ޶ǱҪҧԾ
ǧһʱ̣վȺǰ޺Ȼ׳г͵ײ˪ұۣ˪һʱʹ½ʺָи޳ô˻ᣬ˫أԾ𣬱˪֮ʽ˽ȡᣬԶԶȲ˪Ѹݣǰŷ˪ж½ʺֽ˼֡
ôҪ𣿡˪Цҿɲ硭
˪ͻһʹůӿ͵ŻһѪҲ֮ǰԣǯ½յı䣬Ҳ˺һء޼Σæһѱ½գ˿
Ϣ̧ͷһſǸ֪ʱ˪ĳؼһ֮ˡ


103 . ־
˾޷ǣ
áˡ˫ֲ, ǰͣﺮԡ
ô£ңأﺮʵ
˵һ洭, һָ޷ǵ, ˽ˡ
ʲô˽𣿡ﺮü
˪ɱ, ңˣ֪ܲѹ, ˵ʦ, ޲һɱ
ǲ³çﺮҡͷ, ͷβδ͸¶κιǼ漰µϢ, óȻ, ˻
˾һ, Ծ˪Ҳ̻޷ɽձһ𣬱ԴΪѻ, ңܴ, ˻ԣջѵò׸ϻɽУһƼԲģ˺, Ҳδ, ֻ뾡콫Ʒ, , Ϊ⼸ܵúóһһ, Ҳܻ½յһ
޽½͵վ, ս֡ʱ, һõҲڴתֻƬе֪࣬䲻ҾţȴҲ³ǻ
˪ǰҹ˽ֹһȻ֪Լʤڣ뼰ҹհܣйĽƣη֮ģٿޣǷ֮ҹϵңˮ׼Ȼѷɫ࣬ͬһţԼ󱲣ͣ㽫Ϊ֮ڣ׼϶ָ֮Լһ·ֶ֣̽˿Ѩȵ޷УٻХ½ƣһһǳɣޱأұ۱÷飬彣ЩֶòǱ
ˣֺο˽£˪ҧ޷Ǻȵⲻ£°ɣ
һ䡮޹ء޷Ǽ˪һ޺ò׷һйƣͣ˫ĿԾ𣬵޸ǰХбնмܿȻˣǰձײ㽫½մɽ£Ϊμɱڣ
ɶ𾪵˵ǸСʦÿ𣿡
˵⻰
ƭĻôôࣿҧгݡ
£²ǱУҪͽ
£ǰ˲ڱУ
ڵһӵϡ׵壬ޡ޷Ƕϣڽ˪˫ַ
лгм˽Ҿˡ
ѽѽһοǴ۽磬ҡͷγϣô£Ƿ֮ǰ㲻Ȳ飿ԼͽҲǣŮ˰Ǹɲɴ¡
˵ʲôµۿ
ŵ£˶졣½ճ
ӴղҪˣ½Ůɶüˡ𺣹⳯޷ŬŬ죬СҼҵģЩá
޷ԼֻƳһۣ㼴ʣ˵ﺮԡﺮǰ˵ֻҡͷ̾˿һſڣ˼һվʲôҲû˵
˪УԼ򴩹ڵÿһ·ܵʱˮ͸ϯմʪЬסƾŵڻԶһ˵ϣȥαν
˵⻰ȴûлӦ
ٴοڣȴͷҿƣô֮£Ҵ
ָʹ೤ɱˣ𣿡˵
ԼҪɱˣкθϵ
仰ص֮⣬˪Ҳ
һ飬ճӣõֻӻľ
γϣγϣһʧĺԺΧڸ½ͷȴΦײײ˹޸ǰͣ¡
ղȥˣʵ
ֶӡΦ˵ţ¶ʹ飬˫Сҿǰɽɽûˣô
ЩվžͺãȺγָ޲δ˵һ£תţȴ
Φ۵׷ӹһ˿Ĺ⣬شӻͳһذף޺Ĵȥ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬˷ӦһӰӸ߿Ծ£Φţһš
ʲôĲˣǳԨ
ǰƺˣڳȴԼ²򵥣δһֱУ跨˳Ⱥʯ֮۲춯ˣڷΦй߳󣬱һ·ĸ棬պƼɱľٶ
㾹Ȼ޻عݺһȭؿڣ˶
ޣΦһˣԼͲǻʦĶ˵
ָ֤ʦʦ棬ôأʵ
ƨ£Φ˵⻰ȴԨס۵÷һС
γڴŵӵȥϣ
һƼڴҴ߳˻ԭأһ㶣һֵɵѽߣ
ƹɽ·ǰ䰵ԼȻĳıʱǷѵֻ˪çײµһ⣬ʹսǰͣ޷Ȳʤȯˣһ֮µӷ׷ױܣֻʣԼһˣŹȣվǰ̨£źһԲ
ϣԾɱŷǣһֵðˡ
ԣŹȣһߵԺУƳһ۱ܵ˪СΦˣͻȻЦ
ʦʦ޲ҿ
ܺã¶ЦݣΪúţ˭֪ԭΪ˸Ůˣȴ治֮١
ҲΪˡޱͣȻһ룬ͷ½һ㣬ֱüᶨˣЩ£Ҳ
£ǽ񡣡ýʣֻڵվȣȣָ񣬵Ҫ־ܿԣ㣬Ҵһ
Ҫʲô˪о
죡˵꣬ȴ˷磬˿壬ѷԹȭȥ
񲻻Ųæӭ
İȭȭͨƤȴ͸θΪϳ֮ȭǽõµһ·ȭõúˣʹ˽ϹۣΪǰⳡ䣬ǽȭ˹֮УԹΪȭֱƺҪ
ȭࡢ˽ѧֻʽں޷Ӧ֣㲻ԼͬרעһڵӵĽȭ겻ã衣
ľҲһȭȲߡҲߡͨǱ죬ߵáɡ
мԣ˾֮棬˾֮ͣˡɡΪȴܲ򲻽ȭˣҲøſ塣
ƫҲǺȭġͨڶعУҲûֳߵ͡ҲֻôšڳͣͷһؼǰԾ㶼Ŀתţ©һУ֮
֪Ӳã¸߾ƷӡãǺٵתһģһ¡ʯὦĹҲӦء
˼״һƬȻһ½п
Ϊǿӱ䣬˭֪ûʼλȴȱв顢в鰡
Ѻߣһʾڵǰ
˱ѺǰЩͣȴ鵽زȻ޿ɱܣֻƹˤҳ̯ǰ


104 . ױ
˻صǰ, ֣ҽʦվߵǰҡҡͷ
̫, ˡ֣ҽʦȻ
ˡС಻סбʹ, ɿµ, ԣϷޡ
ŮʬδĽŲͰ, ûпһۡ
˵˵ɡڴУ˵
ôҵģ˪ȿ, ˲ġ
ҵ˱ҵ, ִЩʲô޲ԸǣУ㼴˵
һʼ˵, ·, 񻺻, ɸղôȷְ׹µ, Ǹˣ˵, ĿⲻԾƳ޷ǡ
޷⻰һ̯ʲôҲû˵
£ͷ, ЩҪˡ
Ķ˪ҧÿ֨졣
ϣͻȻ˽, һ档
㡢򳦡ˮӡ롢uءЩ, ɫʼ, ͻȻ֮Ƣ, һ, ࡢ˺ȵƽﶼڸЩʲô
ˡڿ, һͺ
޷ü΢΢һĿⲻԾƳ½պ¡
Ǹʲôģ²½գȴãȻҡҡͷ
Ů˽ͨҪ飬Ҫ»һԵĳԨü޽͵
ƶǶҪ׷ʣȴ½һק󣬲Ťͷʵôˣʦ㡣
½Ϻһһ漴ߣС˵Ǳ⻳УǶ̥֮
γϣ˪еδãʲôҲ˵ġ
ǸȻ
˪ǿ򶨣Ȼ⻰ȴ͵һЩǰԵ
سȥȴ˿̵ı飬ԼǰδĮģ
ܺãܺáѹķŭֿһɪɪΦأô£ҲҪ߱ɱͬţ
γҡΦŵû
Ź棬ȥΦ书ɽȥ˵ԭȼƻ֮Уڵһ佫뾲ˡΦ֮ˣŵһ顣
ǡ󹧾㼴˰Φȥ
ܿɱĺУڳ˻ֱðƤ
̾˿ֵʣµġȻûţλϷ£͵ȹϼգԺðɡ԰գڵӽѺɽηϼӿء
ȵȣûô򵥣ǰһγϻǲǵãϱϷ£
˵ʲôüһ
֣ҽʦ˵ҵ֢״ǿ𣿡չʾף𣿡
գü΢ĿⲻԾϡ
˵һսϴ飬ԮԮٳٲȺ˵
δǵˡԪޱ飬ɵ֮󣬲֪£һֱûܽɽ
Щ£ƺ֪úʵ԰õ꣬Ҳ˵Ҫȥɽħ̣ȥôأ
ɫ䣬ָܿƽ˵ȻѲʵôŹ洦ãڳλк
ʲô˵бͺ𣿡
˪ıͬţŹ棬Ӧϳ֮λȱе˵Ȼ೤ϻҪ֮˵
˪дһԲҡҡͷ
ô
Ⱥ˵꣬±ǰ㴦òԣ
ﲻԣʵ
ʦǱʦ˲٣ôأϵˣûһɵΪĻʹĲ𣿡·߷߲ƽ漴ת˪еһУΪﻮ񶫴·ȴΪ㷢һԣô
ȱ𼱣ʾ˵˼ڸģӱţǲˡ
һһ룬Щ˱ˣΪҲ㽫Щԡµ
ɡָ֤˪ɱ֮ʹε㾲˻ţҲ޷˵д֣ο
ȴʱ˪кȻЦ
죬Ťͷ˿Ϊ
벻㱻ɱ֮ˣʦͽ壬˵˪ЦԽɬһΪ֮֮ˣȴδҰá
೤ϣ㡭ܾ⻰ﺬɳӰϸһ룬ַӦ˵ӦԼ
ǹ¶Сɽﳤʦߣ˪Ȼһ򲻿Ůӣ֮ǰҲһλִ£ŮӣҵĳԴסУϴԡʦӤʱڣҼԺŮ֮Ҳɲܻ䡣
Ի˵ЩҲ֪ߡ𺣹ŵ̬·Բ
˪жԳз׷̬ı޶ãǼ˵̵ѧУҲ߾ȫϳ֮λĵӣŮˣ߾ܣΪܹ̤֮λ·Ϊ˳µģҾӦЩ
˴ȻЦ޳ܡ
ƽƽ֣Դ˿̵˪жԣȴ˷̡
޳ܣ˪۽ţҲ㣿ұ㣿
Цȴڡ
㿴ˣδ㵱Խŭôֵ
ĵȷȷų֮λŵһλŮϣ˶壬㲻֣Ҳ𡣡˪е
ֻǽΪµµʵڲá
ڿ˵Щƺ˵֮ʵ⣬ôһҲ޳ĬãͻȻڵʿΪԸΪڣƻһУȴƫҪһҶĿƭԼҲƭˣͼЩף˵лŮá
˪пһۣһڿ˵ԼϲնʲôΪ֮λҪֵ𣿡
û޵棬ˣгΪŵͣҲǨŭҲȴĴ
˵ú˪Ŀ˪浽Ǹʱ㻹ֲɣ˵꣬ĿɨÿһԷޡ£Ŀͣ޷ϣȻʧЦΣ˵˶һ֮ؽѣ˭أأʲô
޷⻰뼰ңƣҧȻܿȴȻһҡҡͷ˵㲻䡣
˪ĬĬ߬ȭ
Ϊֹˡ˵ţԸӽѺ£ȴ⴫ߵŵã׷Ťͷȥȴһδӿż˽
ɫ佻쳤ҡһȣƮȻľ߷š޷ƳΣֻԼںδȴôҲ벻˭
ѽлˡʩߵǰȥסôн𣿡
üһʵ֪λǡ
лɣʿ˹һ֣ǰҪλ档
ʩׯò˵λſͰɣʵ
˵úáʩǲ˵л߹ң죬ͽ죬֪̾ܰǸС


105 . ѩƮ
ﺮ⻰, ۽Ƴ޷ǣȴҡҡͷʩлʵ˵, λл, »治СҲ֪ʲôͷ, ̵ĵϸ֪һ
һ, ̸ϣлҡС, һߵǰ, Цζٱλ̨, ֪, Ҫٵöࡣ
ڳ, һʱ˷ڷĳţˢˢ˿
ﺮ˫ָ, ߬ȭ⵽Źֵľٶ, üаܲңǡˣѵ
ʲô޷ǵһЦлɵлּȻϢҪ, ˵, αعҶ
лĿ, ɿһ, ȳüһָ, 漴ת, Ц, ȻˣҲֱ˵λ֪ŷoΪѰؽĴתʥӤʥŮϣŮΪкɱ֮
һ˵ϡͿۿ˵Щʲôã
Ǿǣֱ˵СŮ
޷˫ֻۣǽĿʼлشͼԼںδˡ
ʲôСŮѽ˭ǣ֪ǸŮлҡͷԣ̾Ϣ԰գһתֱָ޷ǣ
޷ǲҡͷЦ
˰죬ųô첻ƨ׷״Ц
ʩׯλſ˵ʲôһָħͷŮרЦİɣ
ǣ˼˭֪罣ʲôг𣿡
ǿɲһʶЦˡ
лЩŲæһչȣҡҡ˽֪罣˭ù
˼Ұòãƨ£䲻
ǲãǸδ洫лɳ޷߽΢΢Ȼ߾˫֣ڿơ
ڶʱţһŲּһ߽
ⲻǡһˣʶѿڶһ̱졣
ǰ֮˲ˣ׷һֱݵܼҡ
޷΢һ㶣ۣ濴һܼҡܼұ嫳׷ϴڳɱͣ඼ϵ
޷ʶ²򵥣˭֪ȿڣ嫳ǰһֳλʩ漴վֱӣԲסˣӣµЩò˵¡
޷ֻлԤϵԺʲô״Ȼزȴòѻ˵ȥ
꣬Χ̣ȫûҼǿһ˻صݵ֪һ֮󣬰ӢŮȴһ嫳ӣҼҹӡ
޷ǻҡҡͷ
֪ң֪ĺˣлԣǺ˵˵ܼҵĻȴ񼡣
ȷС󣬽֮ʼʢ衢׶˵˽ӣվֻǴԣһõóʵݡ
벻׵ǣȻӣΪδδλνġĸһ񶼲£δ̫˼顣
嫳ҡҡͷ˵Ů˵֪ŮϾͯ޹ѭѭգҲʧΪ֮١飬Ҳ⺢ӱһŰֱֽնݳδڲ̣˭֪˭֪δҵӦϣֺҼţ
⡭ģ
ý֤ݣܼңȥô꣬޷֤ʵܵͬ˵˵ȻҲǶǰˣΪε㲻˵ǵõȵأ̬֮嫳ѻ˵Բ
ꡭô˵嫳Դ𣬿Ц˵ȴδĴ˵˭أˣ˭ţһʮĺܹɱˣοҼŮԼѽƽ޹ʵģǴôһӣ
޷Щʼղһԡʵ벻ףΪ嫳ĻǺ˵˵ȴƫƫǰνӣȫʵҳ©ƽ⡣ο֤ˮȻңϡҲ˵Ѷ飬ֻƼˮ꣬ΪˣһϢԼΪ˱
ԭСŮǸСħͷȺһ
˵ĵǲʵǣҲ˵仰ɣ˵
޷ǵͷĬƬ̣üĻܼ̌ңڣȴȵӣū㣬ЩְɣѺˣɲţеһΪʦΪ书ϤĽ̻壬ȴΣڽ그¶У°ЩͯҲиĸˣḷ́
û޷ƽ˵
Ϊң޷гʵݣ˼ȥΨһܹ˵ģҲֻһ԰Ļ
δΪȥ֮꣬УѰʧɢŮͻȻô£תȥݣɽԪȻڡ
޷һŤͷһۡ벻˵ƶβ֮£ΪֹԪ񣬾ڦԼƿԡ
ʱһڵѺеȻЦΣڵδӦʦ֣ȴЩҴ˿ӳӢۺܣǾڿᣬ˵ˣΨİӢúõģҵǰ֪ͣǵ֮ġµһ
ʲôڣȻЩ˶ţΪβȥӦʹ
ǵȻΪҾҪ˵꣬泤ЦЦſɲ˵;ĩ·˵汳޳ܵúܡ
˵׼ţʩչˣΪ˽䡣ˣţǲǻ˸ˣǸСѾͷأСŻ࣬λһƬİòѾ˰ɣ
޷⻰΢΢һЦ
ңˣ赹֮ǰĿù£ڳΨһ֤˵ģֻ˪У֮ΪҲǰͣԣ
޷֪ǰлɵ˾࣬嫳֮Ժ˵˵ҲвȣƫƫԼʲôҲ˵
ǵģҹ±˵ȴ½졣
Ȼ˶ˣǻʲôʩߺ£Ȼ֪ǰӲںδ
ԣ
ʲôѽû˵أƾ޾ݣ仰ҪҪɱѵ˶˵ľһֲ
ﺮ״ǰ쿪˫޷Ǹǰ
ʦ޷һ㶡
˵ûԿλúýͣﺮ䣬һһ˵̹λΪҪȥɽĸλҲӢۺܣֻһ֮ԣ
Բסʦ޿ɷ档޷һ
ﺮİʾҲöʦ֮˵㲦Ҫȡᡣ
áﺮͷ˫֡
ʩⰺͷҪеʩԺȴú˵æ
γϣɶˣʩֻҪһ仰Сħͷõŷʲô򣿡
ɵ𣿡ڨڨ廰ûʳЩߵأ
ǾͰһɽӵźʲôֶΣͨͨʹϣʵ˵
޷üָХ½ڳƣֱָ
嫳в̣ȥĿһ̾ΣΨŻߣԴųԨͬӽѺӻзһƿĻƿеĳɫҺ壬óԨ˷¡
ԨУι˷ҩƿҪȴһѽƿӶȥһлɡ
ʲôлɴ΢ŹζŶҩ¿ʹ˾裬޷˹
ǣԨ˵ţ㼴֣뻹ҡ
лɰڰ֣ĿƳڣЦ˵ⲻõ𣿡

ԣ
޷Ű
յ


106 . 
Ϧ, ӳϪصˮӰˮӿ⽻ӳ, ʤա
¹ڰɽĹ԰֮, ˵Ĺ㶡
絤һ޵, ҲһػҰɫʧȥ˹ʡ
¶½޵Ĳ, ߵ󣬵, ô⣿
ǲҲһ, һȥ𣿡Ȼͷ
γϵ׸ʦ棬ֻȥ˶ơ½ҧŴ, , ϡ
ʶͷ, ޡ
ңҲȥʵʵͷ, , ʦ棬±Ҫ¡
ȣֲ㡣, ʵ, ʦ, 治μӱˣ
ȥȥк壿ֳ, Ҫȥ֮λ, ˭ģгһв, Ǳɱ֮޸Ц, ֵĴҲˣΪ޶˵Ĳ¼ɣЩնҵ֮¡ֱɽϵЩӢۺܣмȡͬ¥ţֻѾ
˵λ˵Ļܾѡ½˼ǵСˣΪǼƼˮ֮˼գһ˽ģҲվ
ЩҪ޹أΪβΪԼ⣿ް˼⣬ֻǼ򵥵һ䡮û˭Ļ
ˣǱϾжǼѵӲ𣿡½ü
ϼŨϣأ·ڻֱͷȫɽףͱҲɢˣûҹĺڰ
ֽŶ˳صı£ҲѲá
ǰһֻµͭյʢʺҺ壬ɢһĴ
һﴫһŲȴ̧ͷֻǵȻǷĲ£ˡ
ǰϥ£Ǻ
ҲҲⶾơ
Ҳһޱ飬ĿĮ
㲻׾Ҳ˸ʳ˵Ϊ㻹ܳŶã
ǳֳɵ̬ȴ˿Ц
ճңҲ㡣˵ŴǰݣΧˣɽŽӦͷ˽ǰҶ췢ģŵ޹أ
ٺЦɭ
ȻˣĿȻ䣬㰲ȥɡ԰գ㼴վת뿪Ρ
Ũƣ¹ϡ衣
ɽһ䱾ѷĶߡ޷һϥ붨ĿϢұ۱лһ೤˿ڣݲݲɴ໹иѪڣǶ̼˵ĺۼ
ĶԹȻ˵ãлСȵ֧̼˰ƿҩӶ࣬οֻǸˣ˼Ķм֮˯߰˸ʱǿܹ֫Ҫʧȥֱ
ӵĳѳ˰գԾǹڽ¡
ڶǸһ䣬лɵĵȴȻ󲨡ԹĶ̼ڻ֮޷ǣ˿Ȼ˴ġħӢۡ
˴˿̣δ޷ǣȻҪһ¡
ҿžͲò¡˵⻰Ǹͷһ⣬պڣ˳ơ߸Ķű֡һĩ˹˫Բ֣ǰˮСһ㣬ԲΧȦļݣת̱һ˵Դ
λ˹ˣϽ࣬ĻڹҲ̫Ϊѣпȫʬ޼˵
ٲɣֽŽٺˣҲǳȫһƬ֮ġ˵
ô᲻ЩףĽ̲סܼҵĻֻһ֮ʣ㲻õ𣿡
СĹӣ⻰ɾ˵ˡ˵Щˣ˭һʼЩһףڶ˵ȥɽʱȻʲôҲ˵ⲻй˵ˣǸͬһɽС˵һˣ˻ڻԣûѹء֪Щʲô޳
Ľ಻ǡ
ѽûʲôǵģʩׯҿţھȥǸܼҸͬʣۿ˭й˵
Ǻãţܰʩ˵ţ㼴תԶ
ڣ޷ǱĿԽǲһ˿Ц
ЩòȻαӣһڼ嵨׳־ֲ뵱ΧˣҲʲô춯ص׳٣ƫƫ翵ġħͷŮ·ֻҪ¶ʯͷƽطǧ
ԼĪһյĹ򣬶ߴ֨ѽĿ޷ǻֻۣ嫳߽ͷߵǰ¡
ӣ֪ܶ¡޷Цһ
嫳ҡͷһԡ
첻ǻ˵ôǰһ仰ɲ˵ˣ޷¶Ӳŷӣǿֱֱ˵
嫳΢̧ͷбһƳŷ򡣺ȻЩ֮ʿ˿̱Ȼۼš
ӣҶԲס㡣嫳źνӣ⡣
Բסң޷Цҿ˵ͷͷǵҲȫǺҼʱЩ£ôԼ֪
ӣѷ˴Щ˺ãöЩࡣ嫳
ں˵˵޷ŭס죬ȵȻ֪ô࣬Ǿ͸ңҵôģҲĻٱѻң׻ʲô
ӡ
Լ֣һɱľ㣡
ŭʧŭ۵ײ֪ѲѪ˿˼ʧأŶ룬ڵϡ


107 . ҹ˪ȥ
ĽЩҪ, æǰסܣһ˿
ԭչ˵ңҲܴǣ, ֻܴ粽롣ﺮҲ˱Ѫ, ֮, ⻹ҪӦʣ
ֻļҸ, Ҿɽ飬п˵û
λ, 嫳˲վ, Σæ˵, û, Ƿſɡ
ôУʩ۵ģ̶ֻ, Ҫɱڰ
ʩׯѾĶ𣿡Ľ΢΢ü, лԶ, ģˣɱڣ
˭֪ûвذϣ˵ţ㽫޷½һȻסһ, ץһǰ˻, , ʲô
޷üһ, ȴܶǯ, ޷ڳȥᡣ
Ľŵģ, ʶﲻ, ֱ˹ʩҪæ֮ģص󣬸˵ȥţǶ𼱡
λˡԪĿڣǹ綼ҪˮʯɫӲҲǰ취
˵̣˭𣿡
ʱһŲŤͷһƼǺż˽һԼͬ˿óһ
ô£޷Ǳü˰ڵϣһ㶡
γϣСɱڰվ
ɱڣⲻһۣҿһۣ𣿡
Ҷ֣֪ûбֶΣ˵ǿ׿˵Ҫȡֻɫɣ
Ľ޷Ϣһø׿֮󣬱Щְ˽Űס޷ǵǣ
޷̧ɨһˣ鵭ĮԼеһʹĨһѣͷƳһָŻҳѪˮ΢΢һЦ
Ľ״ԣһԭأһĽǴġ
в˵˵ҵҲǺڰײֻ֣ǡ
ʲô˵ģڵԲۣݳֱַָ֣޷ǵСħͷ㣡
޷ЦԣĿת嫳ƵıȥҪȴůӿŻһѪ
ĽһŤͷľ
޷ᣬ嫳ǲߺޣ֮о綾ŻѪ󣬱ǰһڣһ㵹˵ϡ˼״һʱסﲻ֪Ǻá
ɡľһʱҲӲȥЩ⣬һҹȵ˵Σ
£ŮҲǣУǾǲɣ
ԶԶԣľ˺Ц˵ǵˣǿ
Ҳֻˡֻͷ۲ѣλǰɽҲ޵УҪλųϿشˣδСãЩ⿴أÿʱһˣλΣ
һ⻰׷׵ͷͬĽҲ˿˵죬˼˵ɢȥֻ޷һڱĵϣǣǱ
ֲ֪˶ãش죬漴춯űƿһϸ죬һӰߵ޷ԣȻӻͳһֻ״Сƿ׼޷ǵ죬аɫҩˮ˽ȥ
޷ֻجج䱻ҩˮǺסܿ˼˫ۣȴһ˫ַ
û°ɣڰд޵Ԩ˵Щ˲ɱ㣬һҸϲˡ
ô㣿޷ǻһȻе˫ʸ˼֣ԻָЩüʵҺʲô
ȻĽҩˡ޵ͬ˵ҩҴ೤Ϸҳģɽ¾ͳȴõҩҩʦֵߡȻ˵ȥ˵ͨһҲ˻ɵͷϡ
ô˵޷ǴнӹʣĽҩһڹ븹Уڷ˽ҩǲٹձָܻ
ֹգ̫ˡ޵ֻж֮̽ⶾҩȫֻҪգе֧ƿҩˮֹôãȳɢ˵Ҳùһ¡֮ЩͶЩҵ
˵ʲô޷ǲɴ˫ۣһõʱ𣿡
ǾֻܿԼˡ޸пشǼģҲû㵽ס
֪޷һҧɽ·ôߣ
Ȼ޴ӻͳһֽͼҲˣص·ߣȦ˳ɽ·ߣҲ죬Դɽ
á޷ǵ˵ͷĵͼһ봧ػȴȻü˼Ƭ̣ȡңֳŷǮ뻳Уʣµһݸޣң
Ǹһ㶡
ҲҪʱ򣬻ҪǿԼ˿ڡ޷ǵ
޽ӹҵ˵࣬ЦҺĲˡѹնһۣλȴܶء
½ﲻԭ𣿡޷Ц
Ҳ˱䡣ܾáҵĴȻ
޶ԴֻǷĸԸ޷Ƿǽվл֮лᣬ𡣡


108 . ҹ
ҹ, ɫ
ңںڰξһ·źڿһ˿, ˫, Ļ˸ķ϶, Դһ˺ڵü⡣
˫, ʹֹ, , ȴ۵÷˻һһ
ڴһҹĽһ, ۷Ź, 
ǡôˣңɨһ, ˯˶ã
һҹ, , ɽ赹ʱǵˡ
ôãң˵ͷ˼, , ޷ǵôˣ
ɽȻǰˣԲ, 졣
԰, ңͷ, û𣿡
һ˼, , ˵ڵѾˣ೤Ծϱ
Ǿͺáңͷ
ǡ죬ʩׯλſɽ˵ҵ˴Ĵҵħͷ
Īǡ
˵ʦ֪Ķӡ˵
˵˵Ҳţңüͷ
ûţôһڡ˼лɽԺ¶˵һ顣ң̷´˷Ҫߡ
ȥģæǰס
ȥͬ˵˸ˡң֣
żסȥˣ⻰Ҳ˵
ֻȥܰѻ˵ңٴβ֣˫ַͷĵ˫Ŀ˵ΪҲҪҵˡ
Ȼһ⻰ס˫ֱ֣üۣʵ˻棿
ҲϿЦңüȥɡ
Сһק֣ʲô֤
һҪ֤ҵòͬ˵Ҳ߷ơң
û˼֪òߵǰ˵û񳾱Ҳû֤ݵĶ嫳Ǳߣȴоݡ
ʲô͹ƾһ𣿡ң󲻽⡣
ɲֹЩգǰС嫳ʦ˵ʦһʱ嶯˵˲˵ĻǰѾ϶һʼٸ߾ȥʲôã
ǡңһʱôôˣ
֪ҡͷγ˿˵ǵȽټʡ
ôˣң޷ǱָΪ̵ˣҲ
ͬ˵ϣʦң˵޷ǵ⡣ڴ£常ķˣԭŮүʱ˰׼һһ£ʼչڻԼ׮¡ԣֻ˽񣬴Ĳٰ⽭дˣ֪ôһλˡ
ܹʵܲϰɣ
ûʦ֪˵ǰûϸ룬鵱ЩԾ˼˻ʱʦǼģʱѾ̥࡭Ǹʱ¶û
û£ңһµ𣿻̥ʮ£Ƿ𣿡
԰ֲ߸̫תл̥ôõģ
˵Ǹܼһ֪Щʲôңüһ
ˣҹлѾ˴ˡ˵˵ǰɽϲȫҲ֪Щ˸ʲô
˵ãлɡˡңվл˵ȥܿ԰ɣ
䣬
˭ѽͷʵ
ҡ޵Ļ˹
ңüһƿǰš״æȥһһ㶣漴ЦʣˣΣ
Һܺáңü˵ȴʵԽ˵𣿡
ңһףת˻ڡ
ôˣһ㶣һգۣһȥʡ
λģƽɽˡ˵⻰㼴ʳָڴߣһĶ
Դ󾪣æǰš
ô£ңߵ޸ǰʵ
ʩЩˣԭδյӢǲ޵Ӧһ˳ǺҶɽׯĵλ
ңüԡ
նΣȹ˽١޵Ȼȥһҹڷ̡
ˡңҧ޺
λģĽҩѸ£ҲǣκˡֻҪһ£ȶɢָܻ糣
һ£󾪣𣿡
ж֮̽ⶾɢĸֽһ飬ж̫ʱҲãҩɢõЩʱա
Ҳ̫ΣˡңĿ¶ƣȥҵȥ
Ҫ𣿡㶵㲻ǻˡ
±Ϊ˵ңЩѿڶ©ڼʱֹסתǣۣȥɣȥʲܸܲңǴ·
Ļֻ˵һ룬ȻӦʵͷ
˺ڣλź˵ˣܲȥʸ
ʲôҧʵ
ﻹûأڿ壬װİɣ
⻰ң߬ȭ
ȥظλŵĻ˵ﻹҪЩ˵꣬ڼ˻ػת뿪
˿ڻߡֻҲܻᡭ
Ҽǵãûǰ䡣һĬװһװܾӣҲЩɽѰˡ˵꣬㼴ӻͳ޷ǽңݸң
ⲻʦܵ𣿡ʵ
ҽģ˵Ҫֲ˿ڡ޵
ô죿ңʵ
ģЩǮϡ޵
ңüĬƬ̣ӹպãش¡޲һб뿪
ģס֣ǷʦѾһǣ˵Ļǧ˵ʦܷô˼Ϊ˱ȫ㣬̹ףȫ̽ˡ
ҳҪɽȥװһװңͬĹϵ˶óҵװʲôӣܲǿң
ֻһǻıŮӣҳ˵ͬϲ˻ޡԣװ㣬ҡ뱨ɱŲ˻㡣˪Ѳ˵ԵɣԴ¡
ˡңһͷǰֻϼˣΪɡ


109 . ƮuԹ
÷ʱڶˮ, ʪġ
޷˫ֻվ£ŽͷɫҴҵˣԾһ̾
ݳǺ, ûһղ, ԼЩľ̶̼չ, һ䣬֮, һƽ߹Ϻз, ꡣ
, һ඾һʱҲ޷˽֡ɽ, Ҳⲻ˱Ѱ, 㶫, ǳ֮ơ˼ǰҪҸ֮, ݱЩʱ, Ⱦָͨ㡣
СЩ˳, ؽһ·ȥ, ԶԶƼһšլִԺǰۼ, 㼴ǰ̽, ֪⻧˼Ϊ԰ն̹޷Ϣ, ͷ˿Լ˺۵, ¶ʱ, ȺǰӦС
ʱһլǰͣһſڵӼӭȥƿӡֻһӲһŵŵٸһЦʵݣôô˰
Ϊ԰ӣҪм̹˵˿Ҫȥ
ôû˵ٸĿ˸΢˶漴ɴǰȥĿɨȺȻͣһͣ
Ƴһϴлһò忡мò꣬޷ǡŮָ࣬ǣôһȺУһ۱ƼֻǿϧеˣŸոս衣
µļƼٸæ֣ã˵ֻҪʮ˾У˵Ҳжʮ⡭
԰ӣҪءݡ׮ٸߵǰɨһˣ˼׳˶ˣĿ漴޷ϣЦʲô
ʲôᡣ޷չһЦ
°ɣΣҲֻǳáٸһ룬ĿѴŲȥһˣ漴ָżСϺġͲҪ˰ɡ
ϡ˵ͷ㼴ѡļ˷Լһ淢һ˵ͷ֣дֵľдԼ֣İӡ
޷ǴӹԼϸϸ˿ƳһԼӹԼֱӰӡˣ²п漴Ҫǩ֣Ȼʼ䵽ֽϣȴ㶡
дддͰӡװģ˵
޷ǲԣ漴ڿհ״԰ձ˸֣ӡ
ԼΪ£ǡɢʱաϰ䣬ȻȱҲûʲôηġ
պԼĹ˽լۡںԺһ̵ͨĴסЩ˴ЩΪæû֮ˣûԼ϶ٶźζ޷Ȼǣ;У޷ϴѣҲԼɾЩ˴һԵø롣
ϵܣŶͣһͬݵһӶ±ʪѣ˸´ϣŤͷ޷ʵģǳӶģǸ˼ҵĹӡ
ҵ䣬ˡ޷òЦ
ǿɲɣ˵ӶԱ£Ǹµ˵Ҫǻɵúã˼һͽ𡣾ĹӸ磬϶ɲػ
޷գֻҡͷһЦ˵
ʱյ˵Ĺ´ż˽ﱧŸɾѣ˷ַ֮󣬵˹ɤӣǰˣȴһȲøɻˣϢһ졣
ǹˡһС˵
˹һ㲻˵»ſڹȥ޷ʶһֻۣһŽµ긺ڡ
𣿡ɨһڣĿ޷϶˶٣Ҳǣ
ǣ˹µ˸պû˼СĶˡ
ͷע޷Ƭ̣ߵǰʵʲô֣
հס޷ĪôЩ죬ȴδ롣
ܺáͷ־
޷ԣ΢һ㶣һ׹˵Լ֡
úܺá־߹˹ԣ򣬵ǻϴѣϢһٸɻ԰գ㼴š
˹շԸЩ˴ȥϴ¡ԺһӷͰЩӶһ糾ۼϴ裬һӵϣе໥ģͬһԡͰ
޷Ŵ˾һʱĿɿڴͬһĴôССһʵΣȵ˶ϴ뿪˹߽ȥ
ˣˮֻܽ⿪ˮáȻŸո£ëȴȻ⴫춯㼴Ťͷһۡ
֮޷书ҩԲӰϰ֮һ޷Ƿɿɨһ۴ϸȴͻȻһӰڴζһԡͰԵ˽ȥƣ޷صͰУֻˮ˿ڸպײͰڣĵۡ
޷ǵһͰ̧ͷϸ۲⣬Ӱ¶ףڿһ㣬㼴ߺһ˭ò㣬ɤȴʺһϺ֮£ƺ֮һӰŴطɿԶ
⡭޷ǱĪĿžһ亹Ҳڶһ˳ȥſһȴδκο֮ˡ׷˹㼴ӶС
ͬݵӶϴ裬ϴһգµҲʱϴŪӶźζ޷ʴӣҲ޷˵ʲôֻܻصԼλ¡ôֲХ²£ʣ˭Ҳû뵽Ĩһİһѱ
ҹ޷ͷ˫ۣͨϣԾңĴֱʣֲαװһ֪ԼݣߣԣֵԴ
˵࣬Щףɽɣ޿ҿһ£ǰδĹĸˣֵԴ
뼰˴ֻͷʹѡ
ǸｫͨӶպ˯޷ԣ˿̸պ÷˸һ첲ؿڡ޷Ǳӣȴǻзһס
޷̽Ӷ첲ƿǳ˯ˡ
ȵһ磬޷ǱһӶ԰ЩӶţȥɡ޷һԲ岻ֻ֣תȥˮˮᵽȴ˵Ӵݳ


110 . 뻢
, һֻСеݸ˼ˣҰ㡣
޷ǲס˺ðλνġˡʲôģ, , ҡҡͷҵѽ, ҩˡ
ⲻǸ˵ҩΪ˲̡ݷ˸, 
޷ʶѽ˿ڣЦû, ƽʱҲ, ˡ
ʶôתߡ
޷ǼͻȻŭ䲻Ե, Ҳδ⡣漴԰Ӷ, ȴƳһ߶ڲԶݡλ, ȴӶ֮С
߳Ӳݣ, ȴȻźԵȥ
޷Ǽ״, æǰȥ߲ΡΡվӣŤͷƼףһ㶣Ȼع, ͷлҿ㰡, ˡȻϹͷ, ǡ
˵, ˫ַ, ſ֨֨ĹǽĦǿվ, ޷ǵĲ֮, ߵһȵʯǰ
߿˿޷ϵĴֿ˿԰һ㴩ŵӶȻͬһģ
ǡ޷ǵͷôˣҪЩֻ𣿡
Ҫɵġ߰ڰֵô꣬һй
޷յͷû˵
СӣôᣬûɼҰɣ
ûС޷ҡͷ
ǿжװʡ
޷⻰üһһͷǡаɡ
㰡ᣬﲻȥƫ˵ţȻվһ˵š߰ɣҲʲôõطһص԰
԰ֹȵ磬ļ½ҲɵӶС޷δЩֻҲǽ粻ֲܿĹӸ磬ӶţܿѧĻơ
һ죬ʪյϣЩӶǲ⣬컯հһѣٴϣҲǳĺݲݰǼڷݵͷ˯޷ǿܲЩȥϴϴɹɾľ£ŻС
˭֪ߵſڣûݣ㱻ڸĵ˹»ס
Сװ˹Цֵ˼˵ӵסôˣ㰲סɡ
޷⻰ȴҲֻܸĽŲ
˹½һԺԺڿһС¥ϲ໹ӡ
˹˵ţ߽һСڣˡ
޷Ǵһӣֻгţǽϻ黭ȻǸסģʵˣס
˹һͷ˵òһλѣһʣⷬš
ѣ޷ü΢ɻѡ
λȻŶ꣬˹µǿ£ил
޷ǻȻ΢΢ףȴԽɻ󣬵ȵ˹³ţϸ۲ӡ˵ԵɣȴԽеլԺƺŲСܡ
꼾ƶ࣬ҹŨס£˿ûй޷ǵһյͭƣ߽ԺˣͭƣߵǴС¥ǰ
С¥Ĵͭһ
ΪϾɵģǰͷ⼣Ϲ˶ꡣⴱС¥ۿȴ½һ㣬ľǶͭµġ
լۡռжʮĶȻС˼ңΪλһ¥أ
޷Ϊ⣬뷭ǰϸ鿴ȴŲ㼴عͷȥȴ־֪ʱ߽СԺ΢Цվǰ
ӡ޷ǹʩ
ϲⴱ¥־̧۲tС¥ϲ㣬οĹ⡣
⵹ûС޷ǵֻǾƵûţߣǲϹء
᲻Ϲأ־߽ЦûйءУǰҲعء
ţ޷ֻлر˹ԣʵµ˵ⰲסΪ
Ϊ־չգһǴС¥һ˵ҵһλʽǫºʮǰǴⴱ¥¥һԾ¡
޷⻰Ծ˿tС¥϶ˡüת־ʵ˵Ͷ󣿡
ߵ꣬ʮߡ־˵⻰𽥻㱣ѳ˻þòԸ
ˣϧˡ޷ϧ
ˣ־Ȼʵ
޷һʱûܷӦ㶣ŴҲɡʮߡ
ҿɱ곤࣬־Цõ͡Ľ
⻰˵Ī޷ڶУҡͷ漴־ȥȴ󲽳Լһִ޷ǼͷϲãףЩӶһҿóͬǣһ·ˡ
𣿡޷һʼ磬ֵѳ˺Ҳס
֮ٺܾ־ԾɴŻЦ˵ȲԸҽģҲǿȡֻǵãլ鷳ҡ԰գ㼴ת߳СԺ
޷ѣͷԶҡͷϺȻʫ˵ʲô
û־Ļֻϴˣ㼴ص£𣬽˼
⼸һ·ò׵˿УԽң
ңܳסҲһУܳԼǰ
ЩȻĽסǴ뻳ָ
޷һüĬƬ̣ǰţȴվ⡣
ˣ޷һ㶣ô
˵ˣҩ㲻ա˲ɷ˵߽ӻͳֻСзϣ㣬ϲգ
⡭޷ֻԼã־򸾶˶кЩڣ㲻ţߵ¡
ȸһƤң͸ϧ˴ӻͳһССͭݸ㿴
޷ǽӹ̧ͭͷƣ˿ڽ伣󣬲ʵ˿ڲδ̫ˡ
˿ڲ֮Ҳ̡˵һ˵Ȼ⣬һƽһ̣κŮӼˣҪ۵ġ
޷գһüңǰǲҲ˺⣿
˼㶣΢΢һǷСУ򿪺иǣʳָպŸҩҪϡ
޷Ȼű𴦣û⣬ָ˺ʱ񱻵һعζһӣܿһ١
Լ޷ֶҩУ
ݸһЦ˵ôˣҲ㡣Ҫң𣿡԰գ㼴ת߳ӡ
޷ǿıӰʧҹɫĵһë̹Ϸţһ˨

ԣ
֮ٺܾơϺȻҵʦɽڶҵʦɽ 壺ԼסޣԸվɽ·㡣 ˼Լסһᱧ֪ д־ԣڸѵķɡ


111 . 庮İİ
޷ɽ˲, ﺮ˱ûٱ۶ҡ
ңҲֻǰõ·ӣϹ˺ü£㽫ɻȥ, ȵ֮, ҵɽ
޷ǹʧ, ֮ӦԶĴѰ, ȴδҵһ, ʳ, Ҳĵ߰˰ˡ
ǵҹ˼̯, Ÿո, ƼһͷСĸ˳, ҿСܲܰң
ôˣңʵ, 鷳𣿡
Ҽ޶ܶˡĨ, һ˼ң춼ˣҲҵߣк, ܲͬȥǱң
ðɡң, һͷ, ӡǸ, ȻŻ˽Ų
ң, üٿһ, ̧ͷһ, ȴüŹӵľ׳Ӵͷӿ˽
ʲôңЦһתǸˣƭң
ϣ֪˭ͷһ£ǰ׳ӿǰ
ңҲ˵ԾһȺɨȥһһ߷׹أǸߣʰһöʯӣָиСȡ
Ӵϥһ䣬ڵء༸ҲңĹ͵ϮȴȻͷһŵ˿ȥ
ңĿ䡣
׳ŵɢӣΨˤĸˣ
֪µ˰ɣңǸԶ£Ҳ뵽·ôˣ˫ɶԵĶȥƫƫңǾ˵𣿡
ŮŮ˹ذ
㣬ƽ϶·˿ɹƭǲÿ䵥˶ң
Ů˲Ųӣ㡭Ҫ
ûмһλӣͷҸһЩģ㣬ңĸ첲ȶˣ·ӦǺȽ
⡭⡭
úܺÿȺһ۾ܷ֡ǳ·϶ңѰ֣Ӧûûң˵ҾͰŤȥٸߴȥɽϡץ˸Сħͷ߶ãҿˣҪҵˡ
𣡱𰡣ͷҡ롭
ңԣֻɫס˫Ŀ
ҡҺ룬񡭡ôһˡԣǰպ񡭡ˡ
ˣңü΢ıߵģ
Ӧݡ˲ӣŮҲǿˣҡ
նϵңûܵóѣҳ˳ǣǻŮꡣң˵ţӣʱ̧󾱣ڵأ漴ٵڹٸţת뿪
Ұ¶һҹڶձݳǡֵһ磬ֱߵӶδţңߵһͣ£ȴͻȻƳֽվżС˴ˣ˽ģԼмϤ
ңü룬طЩƺɽ⼸־緢֮Щǰۿıʹӡ
˿Щ˵Ҳǳ޷ġ
ңʶ˺󼸲Χǽ֮ϸ۲Щ˵ľٶ
С˶ӦԶôšôšûУ
ңٺãԶľ룬ҲʵЩ˵ĶȻˣҪҵ˾ݣҲһŲ޷Σ
֪ǣ޷ѻظĸ֮ۡУ䵱ӶԴ˶ܼ׷ɱ
գճͬЩӶһ԰ǼӶ֪˼ҶĽѣÿϹһյԶ
䣬ʳкӶ÷һ˵ȴΨ©޷ǣֱӴǰ߹ͷݸһӶ
޷Ҳƽϣ㼴ԼȥȡȻŽͷȴתĴײ˸ûüȵͷڵϣһȦɸú
Լòȣͱҡ˵꣬һ۱ת߿޷Ǽ״ֻЦЦʰͷƤ¸ɾĲ֣ҧһڡ
һг¶Ӷ˹ø첲˴ʵⴺݹôô㣿
֪޷ҡͷһЦΪ⡣
ã¶˵˼Ҹÿ˷ǮҲⲻ㣬ңˡ
ȱǮ𣿡޷ʵ
ϻ˭ĲȱǮţ¶һۣ
޷⻰ü΢΢һ漴һ£ᣬܲܳȥҴˣ
᣿¶ЦòһͷָЦ᣿Ǿ£ҲֻõǮ᣿أ
޷һԲӻȡһֵķǮݵǰ¶һ۾ֱˣһѽǷǮյߣСʵôǮòǴ˼͵
ȥˣǽϵֽе֤޷ǵ
ҵﰥôǮɣ¶ͺ
ϻﲻң޷ʵ
Ȼ¶һ潫Ǯضһ˵զ
޷Ǵӻͳһϣǵʱʣϡ¶УȥϣֻҪƯϲϳʮϡ
ֵʮ᣿¶㶵
ֵᡣ޷ǵ


112 . Ѩǳ
ƭɵӣ¶ɴʵ
Ȼ, ޷ǵϵģȻϳǮ, õó, ҸķǮͬһֽ, ͸
˵˵¶ϣ, Ҫǰˡ
ٸᣬ°뱲㶼óˡ޷˵, 㼴վ, صȺӶм䡣ҵ⼸죬Ѻúù۲Ӷ, Ϊʵıǳ¶, æ
¶벻Ҫʲô, ʮǮǽɽɽ
ϵµǮȻҪ׬ġͷ, ȵʱ, Сյ޷ԣСʵ°ˣֻǽջ࣬õȵܳȥ
, ͺá޷ǵ, ¿ɱ˵ȥ, Ȼ
, ҳ¶, ס¶ظ, ˵ȴһ, ʵôԼȥ
Ҳ㡣޷ǵ
˵⻰ԶԶƼһ˵ߵһӶԣһӭȥˣɫô˵һҪ꣬ôԹˣ
Ҫ𣿡̧ͷ죬ã
ˡǰ۽ⲻ֪⻹ƳƳ޷ǡ
޷ǲδ⵽ˣֻǸų¶
԰һԸлõǧҶǾޱ·ʯשɵĻʧޣɶǡڴʱʯשӻԱԵ䡣޷Ǽ״㼴ǰȥʰʯש
Ϊʻڣҹ꣬ߵԱߣḧȻ
󡷣һΪ鴦ҵ裬ᷭİΪ˭׷ϧӽ֮ʣһǽԢ飬ܰ˴ʣǸл
޷Բüرҹٶǲɫվʯשˣ¶ڰ֣һͰʯҽ
תıӰԭһ⡣
޷Ǿʯש򻬣з£ȻͷƼɫܱһպñײʯҽ߹ĳ¶Ͱ֮ת뽬ˮϡ
ϵǡ¶æͰæĴϵʯҽˮ
˼ΣŻֳȴָһʹһͺ̧һָⲻ֪ʱ˸Ѫڣ֪ǱǾޱĴ̸ˡ
ݼ״˹ȥƳһæҵʯҽĶˣ޷ʲôԵģ֪˷𣿡
˵ݽ㣬ĵˣ¶˳ʵ
ݸҪ˵㱻һ۵˻ȥʱ־԰ǰα˹
˿δ⵽ϵˣǾߵ޷Ǹǰʵôˣ
ûʲô޷ǵһϵ۱Ҫ߿ȴȻеһת˫һǰȥ
¶󾪣һʱֻ֮üǰֻʣһʯҽͰûüֻڵء
պҹ˳꣬죬԰ˮཬ޷ǷӦ죬ʱֳڵ棬ǿסӣȴǹˮ
־üһǰ˾ڱţûһ˿ʣ˳
û¡޷ļ˵һԣԾɸеͷѣΣ֫ɢһУʶͻܣ඾¡
ɫãǻȥЪŰɡ־һ˵
ǣһʯҲϴϴ˱ϴˡ¶˵
ȥЪŰɡ˻ǰݸЦ԰ĻҲһ͸ɵģȾòʣһ£ӺɻҲ
Щ񻰣¶Ǹ˵Ȼ־ȴƺҲ⡣޷ԴͷĿѣУûϸĻҲֱ飬Ҳ֪ڴʵвףͷȥ
װʲôҧŴǣС
޷ǻȡѱãûбˣľͰǶ뿪ɽҲЩӣϵ˿ҲڽԭϻֻͰϴ
շůһ֮Ϯ޷ǿ˫ۣƳһ۹ؽķţԴһ˯˹ȥ
һӳһɫӰűߣ֨ѽһõ˿
ĲˣǷŻ԰־޷ǿͰ˯ȥǲԾһ˿΢Ц漴㳯˹Ͱأָ֣⸧忡üĿϸϸĦĿ˳۽ü
ľͰΧڣ޷ɢ֮ʣͷԻٳٻ˯ѡϰ䣬̬ýһݣͰУ˯̬֮Իɫ㡣
־Խ룬ͷǰǼഥȻܹܵĺ
ģ㻹ǻصˡ־ૣ޷ǱУҪȥ
ȴʱ޷ԼŶԼˣͷҲѹȻ˫ۣƼ־㣬һһѽƿ˵ľͰԵԼڵüŭʲô

ԣ
Ρܰ ȫ£ ԾƣԸһȥ޼Ϊʻڣҹ꣬鴦ҵ裬ᷭİΪ˭׷ϧýʹʱߵ ԰᯼ţ̡Եף̾Ϣпͣǣ´޼ӢСǿղơһͷ˔ࡣƯĪóϫֶϺ졢˼֣ɼã ܽ᣺ӯɫ⡣


113 . ҹ
־㱻ع, ʶԼʧ̬һװ·, Ц㡣԰ˤ, , Ҫȥҽʦ
ã޷ǶȻܾ˳ֳһëڼͷ, û, 칫ذɡ
Ȼ, Ǳ㲻㡣־΢ЦúϢ˵⻰, ת߳, ˫š
޷Ǽ뿪, вˡ죬뵽֮, ëҲһ뵹
Ҷ, ľͰˮҲһץѴҴҴϣطȡХ±·, Ȼһ߳, ȴźҶɽׯӭ˹, ֻѸ˻Ժ
޷Ǵԭ, һյĹ, ﶼһƬհסȵعϸһ, ̾˿, תصСԺš
֪ת߿һɲңǡø棬լۡǰ
޷˫ֱԴԣ⼸ľЦ
Ϊй֮ڴݱ׷ɱܰȻɢӡȻ©ƫҹ꣬Ϊ԰һٵİ֮أǻѨǳһλж֮ĹӸ硣
ƫƫܶ书Ѱ졣־ǸŮӣǿӦܣɶԷȴǸֵ׳ˣ»һڼӣ֮״ָӦԲźã
Щ޷ͷö⽻ΣûϹ»޵úܣ콵˳װڷŲҲûеڶӡ
룬뿪Ƿ֮أ룬ǰ˨ɻûüţƼű˴ƿһȴǴݴν׳ļվ⡣
ǡ޷Ǳܺ
ʲôҲû˵һһҽ첲Ѻš
˵԰ﶪ󣬻ֽŲɾ˵
ôŵĽҲó޷ǼԼҲӲԿǻ
ݰһۣҲԣֱʹСԺŰѺȥ˷ǰһƽڣݺݹ˷š
޷ˤԾ˸£Ťͷһȴһɫھǰͷϵһȡ·ױԡҧʲôҲ˵תȥţȴַѾֻգȻ˫硣
ʶĶ֣ȲͬЩ̹һһŷ٣һ˵
˻޷ͷҲأ˵йԼϲδ˵˲ý󸮡ǲǹ̫ܵˣ
ҹܵÿ̫עĿˡ˵ҹ꣬һʲô
ˡ޷ǵ˲Ҫ𣿺ιʫʣ
鴦ҵ裬ᷭİΪ˭׷ϧýʹʱߵ˽ɢ٣ޱ˿ǾޱǽԺˡϷҽơ
лԼǷҪĿ˵Ҫʧˡ޷ʼձˣһҲ
лԼΣֲҪʲô쳤ؾá󣬵־Ȣ֮ǰڼлͯ»֮ҹҲҡʵڼįúܣֻи˳۵ңиһŮο壬һС£Ҳ𣿡˵ţҪȥ޷ǵ֡
޷һ飬һѽƿ漴첽㵽һԣԾɱҴˡ
˼㣬ȻڿڴЦֻŮΪδɷ񣬻ͷһؼˡ㾹ˣǵһɰΪˣ
޹ء޷ǵû뿪
㣿ð˼ٳٲת㾶ߵǰ˫Ŀۺɫúÿҷ˵ĻֻҪϴӦұߡ
ôϲǿȱ𣿡޷˫ֻۣҡͷЦһĿӣɫһһ˵˵úҶԷûȤ
Ӳ԰˵⻰ɫ̳
˵űߣ˫ֻƣһű㱻ƿݴŷȺ˽޷Ƴһĺ⣬Ծ˺һ˫Ʋ󣬰ԳȻΣʧܸա
˵һ仰ӯͲϲǿȱˡĿ׶ЩˣȻֽŲɾֲϰ͵ߵĶұֻøһѵ˵ţԴʹ˸ɫ
˵͵֤ݣ޷
Ҫʲô֤ݣڷԣֹʧǵֻһ˵ţͽ£Ѻ֮
޷Ǽ˼滷ǽԽʱ򣬴ߵһǽߣ·ʯש£ǽΪᣬת򿪣һš
޷Ǵ󾪣û㱻ƽڣ̧һŷ˴裬Ǽһģһӯ봺Ҳһһ˽
ӯĵ
͵ͷӦ˸޷ǰһϣ廨մݵָʾһ˳ȥʯš
ˣʲô޷΢΢üһƳӯм˵
ڣı뷨𣿡ӯ£ɫ
ˣ޷ǵ˵ȵֶǣΪηҪң
ΪϵˡӯĿ䡣
޷⻰Ŀٿһ
ĵһգ͵ԡӯ䣬ľͺһڣӢյ˲ƫϲѾͷƬӵġ
òк𣿡޷ü
ǲ˵㳤һرĵˣӯ¶֮ɫÿһƵϵˣͰô˵Ǹرģʮ걻УС¥ջãҼ޹֮ǰˡ
޷⻰Ծס
»֮ҹҲ棬סС¥رһ𡣡ӯҲ֪Լ˸ʲôˡ䡢֮񱡭ⶼҪӰңҲиӣլԺиƫƫԸ⣡
˵ţ˶٣ס޷˫ּ˵뵽Ҷʮˣ޹ʮһ꣬Ů֮Ǹʲôζ֪һ죬ҳŴ⣬С¥ʺرģʲôʱ԰ɷ򻹸ҡҶִ˻֤ݣΪҾܱҵÿһ̻ˣ칫ӣǸϲ˵ĺرǸҷϣȻסҵŻԼ¥ȥˡ˴¶ñĿ⡣
Ժ־ϵÿһˣкرĵӰӡӯңҲͨˡ²˵ȥҲޣҲͱݡ˻ұȥϷŪҪˣҲΪҵġ
޷˴پ񺮣㲻𣿡
ࣿӯЦ࣬Ҳû־࣡
˵ţ˿Լ֣ҵһ£޾飬û־ͱˡŶˣ֪ԭ־Щ˵ãǴС¥ʲô߶Уޡӣذסϲ̼ȾָˣϾͰǸŰԺұֻ֪Ҫ֣ұ֡صҶҪϷһȻְЩ˶ɱˣ
޷ǲԾһ˻һ
ɵ˺ҾôҲûʲô˼ӯʧһʲôûСҲôȥٹ꣬ұҪˣҵиӣи־ʲôָ𣿡
޷ʶĦ棬ʹµŲ߾Ů˸ԶһЩ
һ죬ˡӯԳЦοɲһȿеˡûõ㡣ҵĻᣬˡ֪ϲˡҲԸһΣһҪǰͷ𣿡
޷ſڣȴ֪˵Щʲô򸾶˵ķԶԶ˶ԣһսƷҿԡ
ͻȻã߽꣬κһ£ûǰһ׮ù졣
ˣӯվҪûףҾ͵ס
޷ǻһڣԽ⿪ȴǸᣬйƵĴ¸첲
ʱգŴɽֱգֻ˲£ָĶɢȥֻ룬ҪǾȴöġ˼һӯ˿֪лŮãóã
ãӯЦ㲻ǲŸ˵лԼ𣿡
˲Ҳ˵δ𣿡޷Ǵ΢˵˶飬ȻҲ޷ס䳤ңȴҲ̴档
˵ЩΥĵĻԼθȴǾ򶨣˵ǰЩ˵ˣδȬǿԼҲ÷⡣
ˣӯЦԷ˵ôЩĻΪʱ䣬ң
Ȼǡ޷Ц˼Ȼ⣬кκѵģϵȷˣ˴ҵӼ顣
Ҿ͵˵ġӯߵǰ˫ַ˫ϥͷǼ⼸Ҫע˫Ŀ˿ʵңҪô
飬²ʤ֣̿Щʱա޷ǵҼȻֺܲ뵣ģ
Ҿ͵ţ㾿ʲôСӯ˵ű㼴ߵһԵǰƿߵ䣬֪ƶĴءֻһʯǽڶǰ򿪣ﾹһһģһԷ
޷Ŵ˾ɴ˫ֻۡŹ֮ͬ޹Էɱȴû뵽ССһլҲ˶졣
ҲбĻӯߵǰͺúţֱͨΪֹ
Ȼ޷ǿЦЦǣʵܸұˮ𣿡

ԣ


ûǡ󡷣һƪд ǷǣǴУûģ㲻Ҫң


114 . ˮ仨
޷ЩӶδסһ, ˷ӯȥ⵽Ľ¶Ҳ޴Ӳ¶ӶʣµǮһŰµͷ, ǿߵͷ
޷ǧ, һ¡ڳ¶泯سʵ, һŮ˵ϲӣ۾ڸóĵط, ܽˣڽ, ǼŮ, һ䣬Ӷ˷˲ٹ
ֱ, ۵ú䤱ĳ¶⿪½, һҡ½, һ澭һ̯ǰֱˮ, պþڴʱ, Ƴ̯һŮŮӣȹؾȴˣͶĿ, ڽͷʹЩŮ, ȽȻͬ
Թ, Ǵˡ¶뵽޷ǵĻ, 㼴˹ȥ, Ůʵ, , ˵ţ㽫ϵݵŮǰ
Ů̧гɻ
ӣʮᣬƵ𣿡¶ʵ
ʮ᣿ŮҡҡͷǸҲҪ
ֲ¶ʧջϣתߡŮȴȻվסСֵܣٰǿϸҿ𣿡
ϡ¶ȼϣϵݸŮ
ŮӹϣҷȻüһӻͳһ֮һԱ·֮󣬽ģͷ¶ʮᣬңⶫ˭
¶֮£ֻ˵˵ȴûǮ㼴϶УһֽǮһֽ۵ˡ
ŮԣȡһֵʮķǮ쵽ǰ
˵ŮȻңʮҲ޷֮ǰתģֽ¶Ǯһ㣬ֽӡ
ҵĹԹԣһֽ¶ɵۡ
Ը𣿡ңǰһ
˵ֵܣ¶㶵ͬһأҪ
ңңȻаԼղŸǼߴլǰδ뵽һ硣ǵͷ֪ˣذɡԻȥ
ǡ¾ˣ¶룬ɵüǵʣᣬһøҡ
ٲġңзһķǮݸˣұܣʣµ£Իᴦ
ϣ¶ӹǮֵߵܿ
ңվԭأԶس˿ز̯һ裬һ˼˵ǣ˼˲ǮլԺķȥ
ߵ⣬㱻Գհףλڸصǰ̽
ңʣһƵģ޷ǽƣȻ˻ɡǼˣ̽棬û߶Զߵ־
ӣλհ׵Ĺ˵̽ףҪҵĺǰĶ̹ǼͶ־˵
־ü΢һȥ޷ǷУΪ֮ǸýڸȻǼȴһˣұլҲδнܾߣѰңȴԷļ
ôˣͲʵ
ڡ־˵ȥǹĻ˵
ڣ
־ûü껰ңԼ߽ԺĿⲻö
һͲˣδ̫˰ɣңݸһЦȥˣ
ء־ֲ󣬲ԾսȭͷǡŰȥˡ
Ȼˣ𣿡ңЦʡ
һ飬Խȣ˼Ҳ࣬ҲЩŵ
⡭
־ҪڣȴӯƽĻصˡ
ӯӯ־üĲ
ֽŲɾѱҸϳȥˡӯɴݲͣڼ˸ǰȻ˵ȥѰɡ
ֽŲɾңЦë治֪
˶һ󣬾ǴΪ˵
Ŷ𣿡ңЦǾ߲ˣ
˲㵽ȥҡݰһۣ
Ȼˣˡң쳣ȴɫֶԷ򸾶һʩת߳⣬һ˳ߣ̲ǽ󣬵ɫȷˣ沽Ծ𷭹Χǽ
ǽͷߣܿҵ˳¶£ǽʵ㲻˵أ
ҽҲû¶ҡҡͷ֪ȥˡ
һμʲôʱ򣿡ңʵ
죬¶˵˼ҴܺãڱԺסţƽճϹҲ
֪סģң׷ʵ
¶룬㼴ָ˷򣬲ǰĽװ·Ӷסңָ·ҵ޷סķ䣬һű㿴һֻİǽǣǰһХ¡
˵ڸϣңһҪ͵˶ܲ𣿡
Х߳ţĿǴС¥֮ϣ漴ǽӶ¥ССңһأ²˶˺һȴһѼӡ
һüʰӣȴһѪһȥǳ¹⣬ǿвֳ裬ס˼Ƥޡ۵ֲ˵ӦоУϢĵطֱѶƹ֮
⡭ӣԽеӣһɱҳϢڸǵѪζ
ͬʱӯƿԼڵĵڶأ޷ǵ֮ڣһվȽŲһ


115 . 콵
ˡ޷һƬ, ֮ϣ˵ˡ
㼸ʱ⿪ӣӯƳһ۲Զڵϵһŵ
޷Ǵ΢, 𻰡Ϣ, жȴδ, ϰ֮ˣ̶ܹʤڳ, ӣ, ܱǰҪЩ, Ҳܹ쵽
ɱңӯһ, , ѵԺ־ڿɺ޲ðլӷ׳, ɲͬҡѵίǸ, ҲԸӦҵҪ𣿡
޷һ뵽־, ֻ˺ú̸̸
̸ʲôӯЦ
ֻڸϰȶȹ£뿪޷ǵĪҪΪѣȻ, ±ֻˡ
ʲô˼ӯЦ, , ܷ첻ɣ
ǲ, ơ޷üһЦ
ӯҧ, ǽ, Ѱ֮
˵ʱ, ʱ죬һɲǣҵźȻһδ򿪣޷вȻЮӯԼʱӦתԺ⵽һػдƬһɣ˿Щˤڵء
ӯ˺ȴ־һֻƿվǰߣ㱻һѾסקңƵһԡ
޷Ǽ״ﲻѣ뿪ȴһ֮дȫһ
粻ƫѡʱ
Ҫʲôӯ㱻־һǻƿͷȥ
־ȴƷһ㣬ѹؿڣ˫ס޷䲻ӯоתһ룬Ҳδ˹ˣǰͼ־ȴƵڵء
޷ֻʹֱͷ̧ȴԺ־ѵǰٿһԵӯڵȻһģ֪ԡʱľ޷¶֣̿һǽ棬ųȴֻڵء
źصʯźȻرյ죬޷ǵҲųȥԺܴѪֱ϶ԷѼԵ־ֵ꣬ǿ׳˲ȻǶ֡
֪ã㻹ǲԭ𣿡־¶Թͼ֣ҵģôͬŮ˻һҲҾ
޷ǿŭȴǰҲԽģֱʧȥ֪
ģġ־Ȼ񲣬ֲǰ˵˭޷ǻԲѵģȴ˿ûаֵ˼¹ǰһ鸧벱·һƷ
ƺڴˣһ֮󣬱㽫˱ϲԶĴ齣ʳָĴָСס¼ϵСһ룬۵ϣҪ
ң˭ӵ㡭־ૣͳ
޷ƴдʶ˫ۣΣһʱ֮ѪҺ­̧һơ˿ʵҲʹ϶һ֮£Ծɱ˵ȥ־־壬ƿڴȴһʯſ֮δ壬ǰ־㱻һֻ־죬һ˳ȥ
˭־һ
޷Ǳܳڣ̧ƼһĨѵٻӰ֪ıǼⷺᡣ
ôңҲͷһ£лûôһ£㱻һӵס
ٲ֡Ⱳӱˡ޷ǽ˿֣򢿿ͷ۵΢΢죬ʡ
ûûˡңʲŽʱֱ˿ҲûܷӦֻʶο뷽跨ӷŵĿõĻ֮г
־ɷ˵һֻƿǰδԣ㱻һ߷ɡ
ң޷Ǳ죬ǹͷ˵һ
޷ǵͷɵֻСè
ңվһߵ־ǰνʣָüģʵʲô
־ڨڨЦţԽˣ˭ҲҪͬ𣿡
ƨ޷˹ģɵһ̣ʵ̲סƿڴ㵱Լʲô
㲻֪˭ûϵңҧһһ˵ҿԸ㣬ҵġҶҾɱ㡣԰գһ̶ͦüġ
ƫƫʱҵʯֿˡ
ݴżͳ˽һӯڵϣһĿֱǰΨһһİףңɱ˷ˣ
úÿ־֡޷ǱȴҲң˵
ˣ£˵ţ㼴ָӼһӵϡЩôĶ֣ûһͨͨڵأطп಻
־ܡңƳ׳ʣҸ£˶ǽϡ
ңɫὣߵӯߣ̽̽Ϣ˵š
㵽˭ûңвʣǰȴ˻ȥ
ȥɾңƳһ޷ǣгֱָӯģȻҷ˵
ԣһɣֻհ죬̱ܳңص˼޷Ѱѡ
޷ǹűڴǣ˫ֱͷ۲ʺѪ˿лҲͬһ̯޲̾ͰһȺȫϳȥһſڣ־ɤ˻ƣκ
ղʲôңߵǽߣ½ʣһŽ־ߵڵءлŮ¶ֳ棿ֱ˿̲ԼЩ˰಻ǧҲͷ֮ޡ
ͼ˺Լˣ²ܲˣǰֹңüһײһˣʣֺɨһ˵һһɣع־½һѰǽϣȿڣϴͷƳһۣŷӯ˹
ӯؿڣ˫ۣĿɿɨˣ޷ϣüĺһ̧ŭ־ôҵģ
ҵһУҡ־ô᲻֪мϳ
˼ôˣӯЦСӣҰܱŪɱϱ֪ȻĻ
죡ңŭĿ֮ô£
ô£ӯЦҲ˱裬ңҲˣ־
ָ־۵ɭɭɲʲôöǺÿˣӲġ
סڣ޷ŭһ
ңüһĿ޷ɨת־ʵġ
ûУ˵޷ؽ˵
ʱһذ׽쳤˽ߵңǰС˵Ѷµģû˴
ңӹѣݺ־һۣߵ£һѣһ˺ȵתȥ
ڳ˶Ѽı£ȻҲһԱȥ޷Ƴһ۷ԵѣһĬң˫ۣС˵𿴡
ңȻҡͷڴͷĿס־ˣиɫһѻѣ˫أվ
ذǹ䣬ˣشɱɱҲӯƮݡ޷ԺˣʧѪ٣ɫͲ԰ףڿ۴֮£Խ͸㲣ۡ
ңصǰ޷¡ڳ֮˶޲£ֻӸ߳ңһԵ棬սսһҲҶͷȺĲǲ
Ųǻ˵𣿡ңóҩҩպţС޷Ժ˿ڣƳһ־޶ˣ˵ôڲ˵ˣ

ԣ
ȡصıûдֻΪŮ⣿ ңãƤûҵģȻҵģ


116 . Īʱ·
ӯ˫ǰ, Ƭ̣ȻЦ־Ӳˡ
ң, Ƴһۡ
Ҹʲôӯ, ֲưͣʲô˵ģͷβ, ҿʲôû
־üһͷȥ
ģӯƳһ, ΪмԹ㣿˶
ŮݹǰŲ˼, , Ҽҷ
ˣ˵ˡ޷ס˫, ü, ͷ, µΪֹҲ׷ˡ
ңҩ޵΢΢һͣˡ
־ѽеǮӯ, ǮҩǮ, зûѽ־, 𣿡
ұ죡޷Ƿ˫, ŭĿ֮, ֹ
ˡңХ, ڵһơڳ˼״, ׷װ
Щ߰ɡ޷ǵַ, ƣ, ²ִ˶˭ûôˡ
־ͷľȻŵʯשãȻ̧۳ЦݲȻ
޷ǵȥܿĿ⡣
־û˵ݽľҳһֻСϻõǰ򿪣¶öһһƽǶ߰ɡ
ңһɣн˿޷ʵ𣿡
޷ǵĿͷΪΡ
ңнһ˼뵽ʩ˻ĴѰ޷ǵ䣬ҽܷƽ뿪ݶ⡣ӻͳһźɫĻĵվ־һѽ֮Уһ㵵ҩһºֻᷢҪӣǲǳµãԻҩ԰գ㼴㼴޷ǵ֣˳ȥ
Ũɢȥһ¾ҹĺڰո¶ͷǡ
ҹ紵ʣдһ˿㡣޷ϢŤͷңȻеԼõģȻ
Ȼ£ңˣ¶
ǮҸˡңҪǱ˿ȥû׼ȥ鷳Ǿ߰ɡ
뿪լصң齵Ŀᣬص޷ҿһŤͷʵһ뿪ɽЩ˿
ңҪǶҵĻɣ͵װ㹼ǣȡң˺üϷǲٻʱ͵͵ɽ
סǲ𣿡޷һü
Ͳ˴ң򿪷ţӹһˮһ£һ˵֮ڣӦ
޷ǵ˵ͷԺ˿ڣڴ£Ŀڵذϣ㱡
ңëˮдʪšɣߵ£ϲ֪ʱϵһۼ޷Ǳһ۵ٿӹһ˿ţӣƽ
ҡ޷ǲԾȥĿֳ棬᲻ᡭ
˵ùȥ𣿡ң֣ˡ
޷üԲ˲ֻӵ򢿿ͷ˵ϵ֮ǰһʱʶȫޡǶʱûзʲôû˿Ҳ޷֪˴§ң֣ʳָ
ңʶͷһؿ
Խ֮Ҳδţһʱ֮䣬벻κԴܹοãڵȻ֪ǾûܲΪ飬°뱲Ӷ޷ʵղ츮ұɱƫƫǸдݵĹﴳ˽
ң
Ϊ˰ҲЩң֪ˣɽϾ͸óݣЩ˸ˮ
˵Ǹлɣܾļ޷Ƿ֮󣬿м
ңҡҡͷ飬嫳ˡ˵Ǹ嫳Ӧôƽ޹ʸ㰲ô
޷ǻɿҲףһֱһ£ҵŮ֪һս书ò޲ѡ˶֪Ůһսʧ٣ԡ
뿪ɽȥҹңüһ嫳ĻҲǿѨ磿
޷һͷ
ˣһ£㡭Ĳ˵ĺӡң˵ŵ˻̥ʱ֮¡
޷⻰üһ˻棿
ңͷ棬³Ūôס
ˡ޷Ƿ̾һ뵽ǰ̯ӵԼͷʹѡ
ңͭţ޷ǼҪߣȻ˱ĺһ㾪ʧ룬ʵȥģ
ôˣңͷʵ
ҡ޷ǳƬ̣˵ܲܡҾ޷Ƿ֮룬ֻǡ
ң׹룬ߵһԷͭ裬ֻصԣ˫Ŀ˵ʹȣҲûеڶ䷿ȥھ裬Ҳܶ㲻ܡģҾҲȥ
޷ӿů⣬ӵ뻳
ͬ¶ߡңǰЩӶˣû˯Ⱦûñ˯ȥ
޷ȴֻͬҪһۣ⼸յḡһĻĻݡ
ڣҲܲⷴجΣиģǾſ־壬Ũɱ
ĿһҪξȻÿÿͼᱻĪĴܸл෬ԣӽҲŵȵס
ңס֣ȴһƬ֪˴ʱκοҲǶ࣬㲻˵ʲôִҸ´ӵס
޷ᵽ˵㣬һʱ֮䣬־ű߽⣬ӵ˫ĿأĬȻ
ңˣֻḧ󱳣ԾʲôҲ˵Ҳ֪˶ã޷ӣ»Ȼɿ֣ϵûˡ
һʱ򣬶շңһЩǰҶ¡ңһֱܽʦչˣ֦ҶҲ֪ôοˣȻ֪˺ܶίȴ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵Ҳ֪Ҫôá
޷⻰ջصЩҪӿæڱǣǿЦЦȴⲻ˿󷽵ʵЩӣһֱ¡Ȳۣܹһ桭㣬죬ʲôҲˣи޷Ԥϵļգǡ
ô˵һʱǣԺ㻹ǵ˵Ļ˸˭Ҳⲻ޷Ӧ֮£ȫʥҲ˵Լ¾ͨܿ͸Ѽ¡ң֪˭ף䵽ͷϣһܡǰڻ㣬һҵ࣬ʲô˶ãؤƦåʲôħͷĶӣҲҵ޷ǣΨһҪһˡ
޷⻰΢΢ſڣȴȻʧٴӵһǡ


117 . ɾ
΢, ͷڵͶһĹߡң΢΢ۣĿ, ڵ, Ŵ, һԿտҲ㼴Ťͷȥ, ȴ޷վԣڷꡣϰһͬС, ɢƢ
㰡ң´, ߵԣͷ, ǸЦ, Դ뿪, ĶֻܳԵͷһ̶û
ʳ, ȷټ޷˵, һֻ룬һʢ࣬һǽС˼Ӳҵ, ǳЩ׹ࡣڶһ˲, Ѫ˫, úúòˡ԰, 㽫ʢõǰ, ˫ְңͷ, ¡
ģң΢һ, ǰţֻ񣬹øв𣬡һ࣬ûúϢ𣿡
Ҳ˯ţ¡޷ǵ
չüۣ΢΢һЦңˣתת´һΣʵ㡭ûˣ
Ҳǡ
޷룬ֻǾã޲ȥ԰գչһЦҪˡ˵ţԼʢࡣ
ңģѻָ糣ͬûʲôĵȴӵϸһ룬ֲҶ˵ʲôֻõͷȥͷ࣬ʱʱ̧͵͵͵飬Ƥ⶯ۼëҲɶ۵ף̵Ծһºһ룬ȥ
ôˣ޷ǰС֣Ƥ鿴
۾СңԽ۵ײʣû˵࣬ȴְס
۾öˣ׷ס޷ǵ𶯡
ĻƽȶңϤģһůң²һʱ˵޷һĲ鿴۵Σδ⵽ˣֻ򢣬лȴȻƿ
𣿡
޷ǵͷȴĴָ۽һСصû£ëѣѾˡ
ֻë۾̼ܵᣬûü˵ǰ˱УԲ𡭡㡭
޷ӲһطȻܿعüḧ󱳣ûˣûˡ
ʶ𣬳ϻڵض֮ʱҭ޷ǻδңᣬǱʦţ룬ǧָҲһǽգΪ
֮䣬޷ֻǰļᣬǧ𣬱ҪһŮߣʲôɲ
ˣң飬ӣ˫˵㿴ңû¡˵ٹ£ĶԱɢ֮ǰҲδˡҲǻö˶𣿡
ǡ
޷ᰴסĴ˵һжȥˣ˵ã˭Ҫ¡Ҳǰһһжúõģ𣿡
ңһ֣ص˵ͷ
޷΢΢һЦõ룬ùһֻɾҨһ״˴͵ߡңιһ˲㵣΢΢죬ԱŤࡣ
ֲǲˡң˵ţ㼴ץ룬¡
޷ҡͷһЦ׵⼸죬Σ
޺½ն˳˱䣬Ҳ˵ţƺǾҪμӱԡңɽ죬»ûָγ˵ʱ伴ʹƺ⼸Ҳýˡ
Ҳ˵ʦҲɽˣ޷ü΢
ǣģӦǶԪ㡣ңʹǣ⼸Ҳϸ룬նεģӦѿʼĶⲻ㷭µࡣ
Ǹƥ򣬹û׼Ϊ˶ź޷һĬ۽ɽׯǳ᲻ᡭ
һ޲Ҫңƶ
޷ҡͷü
ù緹㼴˿ͷ뿪ᡣң֪µ޷ǲԱ֮ʼնǣ֣벽
ǰԶŻ˽ŲԶԶųſڵĶֻԶװһ峵ǰһ˵Żһ涢ųš
磬˵С椵ŵ׼׼һɽһѺ룬һ׳ʵԳã˵ԼհףǲҪҵˣ
հպڣֻҪϵ׼ǰѽͲ׳ָָǰصˣ⿴ݳҵóǰòˣֻҪǵ֣Ŷţһǣһܴţ
˵ҪҪ֪ͨɵ̽ӣɽӵС˵Ů书ͦߡ
Źƨ׳һۣ˾ģмܴһèĹܰǻסСͬˣԱ߸ŵľǸСѾͷж£
ǵҲǣɽӵͷ˼ׯ˵СѾͷɽϱʣѽòȣв˶ӷѾ
ǣ׳Цοׯˣ²̫˲֣ȻֵɽһʮɳòɿõķӶ׷ѹ򡣡
޷ǽѽòȡۣԾŤͷһңֿ˿Х£ȴһȻ˻ǳǡ֪ˣһɱǸ־
޷պеǻᡣ޷ǵ
ô˵Ӧûˡңţһ԰գػ㼴Ӳǽ˳ȥ
޷Ǳ뻽ȵȣɲȥ߳߿⣬ֻҡͷ
ңߵɽӵһ󣬼Ǻ޷Ӧɤӣ
٣½ͷһ̱㽫ŰΧ
Ӳˡ׳Сӽ
аң΢ӮңҾͰ͸ǡ
˵󻰣У
ţ̰ڿƣһǰ޷ԶԶţüҡͷһɣԸһСѾͷҪԶ٣Ⱥֱ֮ǳ衣ҿһۣƳԶиС̯ʱ̫磬ûпˣŹ̯ǰʽ
ңһʺɨбϣֱΪ׳š˼Ѹݣ봫еġҲòȡһˣ֪˵׷׽˳һӦȫְ˽ųҶȥ
׳˿ֻŰһ֣һֱֱͦԾͷһң콣չƣڿлһԲսǰһʱȦ˳ȥֵзͷ磬أ漴̳ͦı£ԶԶ⼸֮ϣطأֻƲ䣬ܱƵüæңţֻ༸İѱڵϣýɽӱҲ֣ڿץһͨǿѽ޶Ψ׳ץһѴ󵶣һϺȳ
Х֮ͨ·ڹңкһ㣬תۼ߰С׳Լô󾢣ֺԽһߺ֮£żּرٴһӵϡ
ң֪޷΢ɱģȫδҪЩ˾ݣ߷һˣֶһ߹ǣ漴˸Ѹٹʣ֡ȡȵ˷׷׵أ׳ĵҲһۣʱΪء
ȴʱӳǰһΧǽ֮󣬺ԾӰң޷Ǽ״󾪣һ䡰ġյߣѷԾ˶һ
ˣɽӵ˲δһ·һźɫѣͷ÷ţ·ƵġڰУпɣȴҲ㲻ͷĸ֣һǿңսƽ֡
磡ɽ§ԼѪֹȣ׳Ƿɺŵˡ


118 . ΢б
̵, ˡ׳ң˶ļɽһԵĽһһƵң, Ҫ¡
ʱ, һ֧ն, 䴩׳Σ͸Ƕ
׳ͷ, ȻƼ޷ŹӲΧǽ߳
ɽӵ˼, ׷һ㶡޷ȴɫ, ֳ֧ڹϣֱָǼ, ָһɹ, ֻಡһ, ֧ͬʱɳޱȾ׼˵ļ米ȿȥ
ң״, շԾ, ˳սȦ˶м米һǵ, β, ָһ, 뿪
̯ĵƼ˼䶯, æ˳, ûü˵, ޷ǰ﹭˻ȥ, ͳһͭǮģͷҲ߿
㡭㲻ж𣿡ɽӵ޷ǣ
жѣûϹ޷ЦһΪм
߰ɡңʣֳȥ
м׳ڵϣŶ˱Ӱݺһֻ
޷ң߳ţͷƳһۣʵղ˵ģ𣿡
ңͷ򲻹Ӯʲôأ
˳˳ţһ·һǰͣЪšң󣬵ֻ⼸ˣμҳ֣Ӧһء¾ûôˡ
»ټǣҵӦܹԭ޷ǵ
ңһͷˣ㷽Ŷ˼ҹҲͬƽ𣿡
֧һ֧ġҸʮģжࡣ޷ǵ
˵һֱ㡣ңֻң˻ΣʶҲһˣûȱǮô׬ģ
Ѱ£ҪӶ𡣡޷ǵŵӣӶȻ͡
˵꣬룬βһˣݣ϶ٻؽ꣬ҲʣЩ̲ˡ԰գִӻͳʣļŷǮݸңмţ㶼Űɡ
ˣһɢˣǮңԼô죿˵꣬£ó־ö˵ˣǻЩ𣿡
޷Ƴö΢һ㶣ôҡҡͷ̾Ҿֵһ
˭˵ģңһۣƲЦǮȥǧҲ
޷һЦȴ˵
ңװһֻյĽңǼŷǮҲ˽ȥģԺ⣬ʲôζϣ׼
޷ǵͷ
ңԣվȴȻüͷתԶһƬӣֻƼһŲɫװв˳
Ҷ˾һ㶣Ⱥվ
ϻزǶ𣬿кҪ£Ҷߵ˸ǰʵ
⻰㣬޷ǵ㲻Ѳ֮˴ӽߣǺ⣿
ûаҶ鵭ĮΪѰ䣬ԸͬС
ˣԸҪߣҲͬûϵ޷ǵ˵
ҶЦƬ֮󷽿ڵݣĵꡣ죬ֵǧ𡣡
л޷ǵعĨǡ㵽ʲô£
Ϣ˵ʩɽıϣҳ˵һսŮ֪ĺˡҶ̣ʵ¡
޷üһҡͷ˵ʲô֪´Ҵˡ԰գתҪߣȴáﬡһͷһȴҶ
ңǰһ˶м䡣
Ҷƽ˵ϷˣʵˣкܶࡣһסʾѣʵûҪ˷ʱ䡣
޷⻰üٿһʵ⻰ʲô˼
С㳰ŪòľҶôһ˵¶ʱӿһ֮
öֺʣҶ
ңü΢ɫһǰ˵Ҷ䲻˽㣬ȴҲóԸúܣֻԼ֪ܣ˷񫣬ԸԿȥǽҿǲ˵˵öôᷴЩǵҸ˵Բסûп·͡Ҫˣֱӳֱǡ
޷ǿ˿ڣȴҶе̶ͦδԼΪңĸֻ˿
ϰ֮ˣ֣书ó£ֻҪʹ޶ۣÿնҶ˷֣ϻض̱ӣѸࡣ
ңвͬжϣҲضáȾѪȣӦоʱѽȻͬҶҲܿƳı仯ҡҡͷԼ¶һ˿ϧ
˳Ѹʱѷָ¡޷˵£ϸ۲ҶУѰͻ֮һնҸ¿Ŵ󿪣㼴˵һУᡣ
ԷλϣҶʱǶλֱָıҸȡ
ң书ߣȴϻҶһ·Ĺϵ˳йڽţ⻰ХһתҶȪԨҸѨ
Ҷüһ˿벽൶񡣳оƣʱתң¾ϰһֱδеӦֵı޴ӣȴǵ׵еǸһ·ת˼·ԽʹһǡǧɽҶۣ˿
޷ǼռϷ磬˿ǰһҪ˵ȴһбһƳȴ\֪Ӻδð˳һߡ
ͬʱңֶҶĵǰСضѨ
ҶŲæ˵ͷ
ңüͷƼ\ѽ޷Ю֣һ
թҶδ㽻֣Ҳ֪򵥡
壬˶񡣺޷ǯƣȴˣҶ
ˡңХ¼Ҷ
ߡҶ\㲻ˣҲɱҡ
޷ǱĿ̾ҡͷԡ
ҶңŭҶҪҵˣ
ң޷һ˵ɫæֹ˵ˡ
ңҧŭҶǰһҶѨƣֵˤڵء
޷ǼΣϵ¶ֻЦҲ˲˶ãһ̣\ս棬ַֻƳһ۵ڵϵҶ㼴Ѻߡ
ɱ֣Ȼɴ࣬ңҲް취ŭһҶȴƵһЦ
ȻˣҲܷ㡣ңϵĴ׵Ѩֽ⿪ǰأһҲһˣֻ߶ɶ䣬ʲôʱ\˻ٸ⿪
һʮʱ𣿡ҶҡͷһЦҲˡ
˵˲㡣ңվֱӣ
ҶкЦҲ˵ʲôվʵôŮڴȥģ
ңֻ̧һѣ˵ߡ


119 . ƿӰ
Ұ, С\ʩչṦ·Ȼ޷, ȻĲ, ƫƫֻһֻ, ԱԼ߳һصĴˣʵ޼ƿʩ, ֻѺͽС
Ұ·޷Ǳ߳Զ, ٻͷʱ, һƬãﻹõңӰ
ٿˡ\ɿѺ, , Ҷϵ˾, һʱҲ׷⡣
ʲô޷ǵ, ˵ɢ, Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
̵£֪٣\ʵʮǰһսǺΣЩ߳, ȥ
һ֪Щ޷Ƴһ, 񿴸
֪֪֪Ͼ˶˵, ֪Ķӡ\˵
Ů, ͵ʥŮѪԵϵ, Ҳ׷ɱĶ, ô֪ǵܣ޷ǵ
ŮУô֪ģ\ʵ
ǰǻ׷𣿡޷û, ôЩ
\ԣ˫ֻ۴һҡͷ˵Ȼ
Ȼʲô޷ü
ȻҶ˵ʵȵ컹ѡ\˵
Ȼ֪ˣҸʲô޷ֻһͷˮ
㲻˵ʵᡣ\̹Ȼ
ǡ޷ֱһ̲ҶĿģ
ԣʤһ\ͷ˼Ȼ곤꣬ǲͬ
޷⻰üٿһͬһʯͷʲȥҲ²ʱ£ůգ壬ƣʱգչĿۡˣֱ\Ѻ˰·ˣǲᣬǾߵԶһŵЪϢ
\ԭ͵ĮҲ࣬㣬಻ԡ
˵Ҳǧ֦꣬ҶµӰԲʮࡣ\޷̫뵽Լ˼ܣûѣֻ¡
ģҲߡ޷˫ֻۣɣĵ޸֮׷·޲
ʵҲõҶ˺\˵ϻشӽ˴ʱ˵ǶλЩȤ
˵ʲô޷ʶҶ꣬ûٽȴó޺֮ģ޵ǣ⻰ֱ̱ӣŤͷԫ\ʵʲôЩȤ
ʲô˼\һֵ̯䲻
ҿˣأ޷Ŀ¶мЦһ
ûˡ\
޷ǲԣһĬҪվȴʱȻƳԶһšΡ䡱ֵʯϸһۣȻüͷڣü˼֣ԫ\ʵǸղǲ⣿
𣿡\չĿȥ֣ܶҡҡͷﲻֹһùǲǿˣ
ǸҲһ𣿡޷ָԶʯ
\˵㼴߽ʯƬ̣Ӻһ޷ߵʵǶ·첻죿
졣\
㻹ҵܣ޷бѻһ⻰Ҳ
ٷϻٳɱ㡣\˵ţĿɨһƧխ·ݲȥһִһ·ǿʯĬȻͣ¡
޷˫ַȥ
ǹǽ𣿡\ߵǰʵޱȵĮ
˲󷨣޷ӽ͵Ҫסҡ
벢˾ͨ󷨡\
Ǿǳġ޷˼ãڵҼǵã޼инˣ̫
ҲЩ\Ҫôȥ
ң޷ۿҲֻһ֪⣬òҪָҡ԰գ㼴߻¡
ȻһԼվū\Ų߹һС·ȥ
󣬱̿ϴؿȻɽҰأʯƣǧذתһȥ˷·ֱεΡ
ң֪ͣ˽Ų
ġҶȻһס֣קңһͷȴžһһһڸղվ֮ĵϡ
ңƳһۣ
ĲɣڵĴҶʵ
ûϢң鵭Į
ԼãҶʵ
Ų㡣ңߵһʯڵɽվû׷𣿡
ҶҡͷǴԺ¾Ҳûгֹ
㵽£±ˣң䣬üıһԾХ£Ҷߵһɲһ죬漴ö̵ĺɫСڶڵϡ
Ҷ糣޳ˡ
޳ˣͬ£ΪҪɱ㣿ң⻰󾢷ϮٽѲֻһסҶ˫ۣ˿ͷٿöͬСڣֱɽ֮ڣɼ
ȸҽ⿪ѨӦǡҶͺһ
ǣңüһһԾٴζһöСڣʻȴһ°վɽ·ǰഫƿ죬ңԽ񵲿Ͼֻֽ̧⿪ҶѨУȴһۣһĨƳһĨѪ
Ҷ嵶İһɱУȻδ⣬裬ӦԷİǰ˵ȵ֧穣ΪУǰһƣұҲһϳѪڡңɫһƳһɽϣʰһöʯ׳ҶǰУѨ忪
һͬʱܼ磬֯һңһҧӽնһؿ̧߷ɳȥпգײŴ֯͵ĺɫ̱㱻ѣҲ˺һխСڡѵãһʱҲ˲Ծ𣬴ǵСڷݲһš
ƺýսңµ沽Ծַö
ң֪ʱˣٲ֪ʱл㼴콣񵲣Х½öײ죬֮ͣѿһӣӿѪ
һתö©֮㾶ԳȥһöüģһöżΣңܿһöԾɷסһöûͷ漴һбֱұȥ
Ƴһңлιһ˲ɻΪδ֪أһʯ߳ȵҶܣ˿յ̧֣öӦңŶȥ
Ҷ״һšﵶһɨȴֻɨöʣµһöȥƲֻøߺһ󣡡


120 . 
ңҪϵ, ǰֶΣ벻⣬һȫ޾, Կ¡˴, Ծδӹ, һն֣ʱѪӿ, ңͬʱңҲһ, žʹȫ, ԾǰȥЩڵء
䡣ҶƳ, ۵ɱ, ʱ, ҲŹ漴һתƶȻ, һ˿ءͬһ, 书ȴֶ֪ΣݲʤҲзԱ
ңͷȴͬ, ʹʧһ, ޲ýң, Ǵ粽Ծ, һ­ڼ, ңһ, ¾ʹ, ̧֣һϴ̳Ǻ˽ʣͱ˸Դ漴νбֱĨ˲һʱ֮䣬Ѫ쭣˿ɺ죬İ˼ƲԣתݲȥһҲͣ
˴˿̣ңǾƣߣվֱ󣬺رѣԵһ׹ɽ¡Ҷ״ݲԾ𣬷ڻУڵ棬Ϣ΢ŭҪҵ˲㣬㲻𣿡
ӣңЦˣ㻹𣿾֪жȴС
㡭Ҷߣȴ˻ȥ
ˣ޷ګ\УҪѰ䣬ٲҪνݣ˵ֺɣɲ֪ģĵף̲סЩԼ룬ɱ֮£ĸףκ˵Զ޹ؽҪɵһ̣ȴʼԸϲԴңӹһ١
ҩһֻƿӣһֻɫ«ңһöһ첲ֻ̧ܶҶһ¡
Ҷ£Ȼһ֣ȴԥһ˲᲻֪Ůб𣿿ΣֻܽһߣǴҳֻƿӣһŵҩ¡
֮󣬵̻쳤Ҷ˵ţٴνᱧ𣬵Ҫþȡ
ңһ·ѰңڰɽҵһεɽɽΧ٣ϷһµٽʵʵڱסڡҶң붴Уʯڷ£۷ƽ⣬漴ӻͳһذס
治ȡΪƫҪô·ң
޳ֻǸţ˲̽·ȷ棬滹ˡҶҴǣҪƤⷽȡҲ˰ӿɣ
ȻҪͿɡңһۡ
ҶûôشǲɫҲ½¼ͷذ״˿ڣһöѪܵĴ
ңܷһʹֻǰһЩȥ
;ˣҶֻۡ԰գĸ첲ʯڣҵһö˿ڣƤ⡣
ңɲ˵ʲô˱ֱӺ
̵̫ˡҶذ׵ڳݼ䣬գüĲһ
ôˣҪҴ޽𣿡ңһۡ
һ֧ѹȵвֻ¡ҶȡذףһɣһۣܵȻȡʱжۣ㶼Ҷ
ιҵɺҩңҿɲұ֤
ɺҩľֻͣΣաҶ
ǾͿ춯֣Ҫϻңҧ
Ҷԣذĩ˴˿ڣһҵöذĩ˹̣һŲ˳һ̽۵ңҧأҧ飬ȵȡ£ѻʯϴڴϢͷ顣ҶٴۣһѪģ˿ڣһذף½ǲȥ亹ȡҩ˿ϡ
۵ûľ÷Щ죬Ƴһ۵ϵöѪĴͷݺչĵ̣Ȼеһ¡
Ҷ°˺һ鲼öУӵһԡ
ʵģǴ׻ҡңȻҸ⿪Ѩʱ͸ˡ޳˵Ŀ㣬ҹ
ҶԣسȥкȻǰŮ俴򵥣ȴһҲ򵥡
͸߹㣬ҴˡңûҪϢ˵׼֪ĻҶࡣ
֪ɽﴫϢࡣҶ䲻˽ȴҲóˣЩǡǡܹ˵һֱ׷£֮ɵŻֶΣ跨Ͼɱòมˮ档
ң⻰ü΢΢һ
ֻǷ֣׷£ҵЩҶ俴Ǿãܲ
֧ⷨЩңҡͷһЦʵҲܺ棬Ϊһֱ˳ۣΪµӣ
ҶҡͷҲںڰһ⣬۱ȴֻһ糾ȴһˣ¡㴦ʤȴִˣȴòôܹ᲻
ˡңҡͷڹĻůҲĹҫ˰ˡ
Ҷԣ۵ɢһȦ漴һ۶⣬ȴȻüѹɤˡ
ңǽ˿ȴĵۡҶŤͷƳŵýŲĿɿɨӶڣͷʯڰպһˣɷ˵ۣһʯڰ˫ϥϣһַ˱ۣһ֧ǽ档
ڻһ𣬶ʱڰֲָ˼뼫˴˵ĺңĸвʣϢȻü١ȴʱҶסڱǣ˵Ϣ
ңüɿסҶҲŤͷȥ͸Ҷⶴ⶯
Ų˶ڣͣ¡ңȭȴýŲ˼תԶýŲʧһѲҶڱǵ֣վֱӣƿȴպûعͷ겻ഥһ㣬ײʯϡ
Ҷɵɴۣʱɿ˵һԡ
ң˿ڣ˼͸Ҷȥüͷɫء
ƲᣬʲֻǼ򵥰ûȥҶ
⵽ñмʮ·ңֻܻݡ
Щ鷳Ҷʵ
Ǳ˴𣿡ңЩҪҵĲҡҲͷɡ԰գޱƿ٣˳ȥ


121 . ˪
ݳ, ֵﲻңڲڵĲ跻ǰľ, ˿ʧѪе˯
һŴСۡͷǵһ·, Ŀʱ, ΢һתܿ, ûһִһ˻Щ֮, ǰڳſǸɽӡ
ң̧һƳ, Цһôץң
ʶľͰСӽһڣڵɫ԰, ģ, һ׳, Χ
ɽȳƺ˼·˴˼, 漴ͷ弸һ, ˣһһŮüĿ㣬һǲ˵, 㻽˼һ, ڲǰء
ңһ, Ϊ⡣ǡڴʱ, Ҷһҩ˳ɽӵ˲ϵ, Ҳû࿴һ, ǼŲſ, ɹһعͷֻΪƼҶҲûȥǾߵңǰҩݷǰϣˡ
˵ţ΢΢̧ۣɨһΧļˣЩ˭
ϺзΪңм˵
ǡɽӼˣһѾԶһʹָ̯Ҷ˵
԰ûˡС
ȥģɽɿ֣һšԼˣ˺󣬶Էֻ˼æԶԼȴһƨɵ˵ϡ
ңƳ˾Ц
Ʋǻḡ˵һֻһɽƨָ
Ҷ⻰üһԭǸѪɱ֣Įڹ飬۵ɱ֣Щ˷׷˺󣬲˵
һ˵Ϊ˼ڸģҲ˵ḡ˵֪߳ܡǲֻҪǸŮˣﶼ䲻źûңޱ˵ţٿر͸һ˿ɱ⣬
Σɽӵһɢߡ
ҶƳһۼˣ£ĵЩ飿
úܡң˫ĿһʱӦˡ
𣿡Ҷյһ裬һ˵ҲҲˣ϶֪䣬һֱأ
Ҳ㲻ˣɱɱã鷳ң
һֱΪһҪߵԵɡҶ
ô˵Ļңһ֧򢣬ֱ̧˫ĿζҶϵ鷳Ǹ𣿡
ҶգҡͷһЦˮյƵǰңյ΢΢ζˮĸĭ˵˵°ɣʲô
ʮǰ¡Ҷ
ҶܲȻشһ⣿ң²յֱ˫ĿݸЦǲǣӾ׷ʱʼѾ֪˭ˣ
ҶŻش𣬶һҲ֪ˣ
Ҷ̽Ѱ£ֻй𣿡ңʵ
ҲȻҶ
ʱһԺȻСңŤͷƳһۣƼһֻƹӶԽֿڿִ߳һС
˵ʩĹܼ嫳ָ֤޷ǲѪ̵ˡҶԪҲָȥɽ
ңһۣ𻰡
Ϊλξ¸ȤҶ֪統ΧˣȴȻ뿪ɽ˺δ̤㴨һ
ңΪλɽľ£ңҡͷЦʵϸ֮£µȷܹŹ֡д˵ʮǰΧ˵Ĵ˶ƽ뿪ɽΪ֮Щ˲ˣ䲻һûк³
и⡣ҶԪ㡣ҲΧˣֻǸϵʱɽһɫ䣬Ũƣߵ˽ȥߵҲ
ң⻰һ˼漴չüĿЦɣҶִҵķϣиϢҿԸ㡣
˵
һȱĵףǶμҵңݸ˵Ǳ׼ɢʽ˳ңôԼĶ
Ҷüһ
ңЦԡ
ҪȥԪ㣿ҶЦ
˵ҪֵģܸóɣңЦ
ҹȻС㡣Ҷɫζ
ڶڲ跻̸۵ͬʱ޷\ˣڿѰų·
޷ڹҵһƬյأ֦ڵϻͼעÿһ·ոľſʯλá\ͷ˿һָ֦ŵͼһʯôãʯ
ģ޷ǵ
\֦ڵͼǻ˸ȦǸղߵ·ڶȴǴλصʯڣôڶأ
޷ü˿һ˼Ȼ̧ͷϸߴǲܿøЩ
\һͷȴԼһҲ
ϲȥ޷ǲʹ˵
\ĬƬ̣ߵǰݲϣҹһַһ֦Ѿ䣬˺һתԼǻȦĨֽ޷ڵͼ໭ʯȥŲһЩ
޷ǵͷŵͼüͷԽ
ǰֻ˵ţ̫ҡʲô\ʵ
̫ҡţԳɣ޷Ƿҡͷųб󣬴˶һЩ̫ҡ̫Ұţšɹλͬ÷ȷвͬ󷨣ӦǾŹ
˵⻰һԵī\һãȻֻһԼͻᱳȥԲͷ۲ͼǰ˿ʯλá
̫ҾŹһǬţΪţΪ޹ţΪĹţΪй֮Ŧ˷ţΪ߹ţΪͣ˹ˮţΪŹţΪŹй⣬еԣֻҪܽ˵طλӦϣҳࡣ
޷ǳԶΣ۴ĸȶԣܻʯ޷Ӧϡ\Ū˰죬ü㵽вУ
޷˿λø
\ȥ˵޷ҡͷЦЦصԭϥ£һѣϮ֦һɣڵϡ\ͷƳһַۣˣ
޷ǲĿӹڵͼϵ֦شٽüԣ۷ƾŹʵðŲ󡣡԰գʰ֦Ϸһʯһ㣬ԫ\ܲȥʯ
㲻Ǹң󷨣ƴʯͻһֱ⡣\ɡ
а취𣿡޷һֻ̯ҡ


122 . ǳ̲
\
С, ޷Ƿŵǿʯǰ\վڱǰƬ̣ٵ¡ʯӦ, δ, ˽µĵ㷢\ͷƳһ޷, ȴüĽŤͷŲԶһʯ
, ˺һֹͣ\ԥԥĵݸ´Լ, , ҵ鷳
޷ûнӵǾߵǿʯǰ, ֵ, λڶ, ˡ
һأ\鲻ѣղǡ
ְɡ޷ǻͷ, ƶ
\һ, ᵶߵʯǰ˫Ŀһ¡ʯѣҶ׷סٿԭ߹·, ͷһƬд, ѳͨ;
޷һԲ, ǰ, ȴǰιһƬλεĹ, һ, ǫ\ĵϡ
Ϊ⿪󷨾ߡ\˵, ڲ
޷Ǵŵ濴һڵ룬
㻹Ҹأ\жʱӿɱֳƽ˼֣һ༡һǳѪڡ
޷̱졣
߳֡޷ͣ½ŲչĿܣһʹ㼴ָղū\õ˿ڣָմȾѪ飬üŤͷԫ\ʵҶĿĵʲôѹһһҹǴ̽ϢʵˡĪбĴ㣿
ܽţ\Ƴһۣˣ
޷һʱηֻǡ
ֻǾҶ˼ƭˣҲ㵱£\
޷Ƿԡ
˵ʵӣŵȷЩҡ\ֱԲҪŮˣҲ롣
޷ԾɷĿԡ
\û˵̧ǰȴȻһ춯һŷִ˷ӿʮˣڽΧм䡣
޷ЩİףԾ
СħͷӲ˰ɣЩ޼ŵ˹Ȼû˵Сħͷ
ףԱ˭
˭ħආǺ𣿡
ආа첲
Щۣ\ɻԼŤͷ޷ǣ¶һ
޷һ̯ҡͷεҿʲôû˵
ιСආÿֻһ첲ķϣӲɱ㡣ֽлСħͷ£ȥȥ
\ԣŤͷһ޷ǣȴνƵҡҡͷû£߾ˣҲǵһ£ϰˡ
С\£뵽ϻңʱΣתһ룬ҡҡͷԼ˰Σ֮ʱ£ŭѰԼ³ҲòȥȻܱǿ
޷Ǽ˿ûҪ뿪˼㶵òǡι
ιǰһ̣\Ȼǰһ˳ȥ
޷ǰﲻæֻ˿䲻˹ڣܣ֧ŵסٿ\ͷһڣЩ۲\ʽֻл㣬ȴһĹͷһѴ󴸱ƽ޷Ǽ״ܣһ˵һľԣ漴\ߺ򲻶ԣپٸߵ㣬У£Ҫء
\ƽ˶书ָָ㣬ο֮޷ǲ̫ԸȻǸʹ˫ﵵȴݲ˼\ʧʱֻܼˣۼһ˫ͭڵ棬ֱͱһҲŽһ˲
Ǻ㣬кκô޷Ŀ¶ɫ󣡡
\ʱͷܹһǴ󸫡
λ󣬺ն޷Ǻȵ
\ҧԸӣȻشδвɶָֻ֣һǺɨʱˣȻʮֹá
ع൱޷ǵ£ԼʵΣл޷䲻ܶ䣬ϰȫУָ㣬ȷ߲ʤ㡣
˫һЩҲŵҪԸֻˣ޷ҪƷǣ÷ѲСĹȺ֮Уһʹ󸫡˫ﵵĽ˶Ůͬʹ󴸵Ĺͷһ𣬶޷ȥ
޷ѳԹһγ䲻Ŀǳһǵһǣһ˶ԼܣľɶһʮɱУ޷Ī˵֣Ṧʩչֻƽضغƣ
ۼһѴ󸫳ͷ޿ˣֻò̽ȥᣬȻһ̣תһ˿˳žӿ֡
޷ǶپһתбţǴ󸫶һףײ˫ﵺʹ󴸣ȵöֲòˡ
˲֮࣬ΣǸ˴󸫵˷һ˵𣿡
ʲôô죬ýˡͷ󺺺һ˵ǸҲǰЩɽ䣬ɲСơ
˴󸫵⻰޷ǣһ̽ǰһȴһؿ߷ɳȥˤ߿⣬ʵʵڵϣһС
\Σһбϱˣּ˰ѵԾ޷ԣݵС
޷ǽӹһ˲ɫ΢΢һ䡣ԸоղźȻڻͨѸˣȻ඾δһɳѾϢɲɽ˴ΧҪ֣Ҳûˡ򶨣̩Ȼǰһ΢Ц֪λкμ̣
㡭Сӻʲô£ʹһۺʵ
޷Цԣָڡߣٿش졣˼ˣ׷̧ͷ죬ҿʱкѻȺ֮Ҳ֪˭һɤӡԮһں֮ڣƺӼèƵģһӵɢ̲Ӱ
ˣ\üָˣ
޷ҡͷϹèӣʱʱˡ
\һ㶣չĿԶôͶˡЩӣʲô·СɿóǺ
ЩӰ˵ĴСһ·Ϣ˹պôյһ𣬡޷ǵЩ˸и˼˴˲ΣҲһʹҲôô򷢡
˵꣬ȻеԣŤͷһ۫\Ƶ˵԰ΪҪ㣿


123 . ޹ط
ճ, ע
˹ǰȺȻƼԪʼ, õĻҲ˻ȥ, öԪԶ, ʵ֣ʵʶ, үүôˣ
ҡһĬ, 뻹Ϊõ¡
㻹浱ã𥿴˿, зɿӹһ˿м
βŵȡף, Ȼס𥡣䲻֪͵˺, ȴҲĴ, Ҷõ¾棬Ȼǽ黳ġ
ڸ·ӢǰõĴ, , Ҳֻˡʵ˵
Ǽ𣿡ʵ
ûУǲ¶ɡʵ
޷Сӣһǵ͹˷߷, , βѾͷ, Ǹˡ
, ҡͷ, , ȥɽ, Ҽ
ϻյСѾͷһأʵ
ûֻǡǿ޼䣬ǡ
Ҿ˵أѹֵֹٰ㿿ѾͷԭԼѽȵˡЦСӡ
´ùĸҲˡüԴҡҡͷת߿
طȻ뵽ԪʱģһɣתȣƹСԺ游ǰȥǰȴ鼮ڵϵ͸ŷһֻƼԪűһ¼ɢʽĲӣһԵʢز
ôҿصģԪָǱӣʢǰСﵱʲô߾ߣⶫǼʱͻĶ֪ǣһ𣡡
Ϣŭʢֵ̿ʧְΪΪѾͷٻȴû뵽õᡭ
㣬Ԫߵʢǰһ˫۵ɵͭһ󣬳ɱ⣬ָʢ˵ҲʲôֶΣذСӵͷȡ̾ȥ
ʢգͷӦ漴æ뿪ȻƿźȴƼſڵĶʣһ㶣ӣ㡭
Ԫŭһ
ʢֲ̿ѣæתԶ
Ԫ㿴վǰʲô
ӣԡʻͷһʢ뿪ķ򣬵ȥɱ˭޷𣿡
ǻСӣɽô˵棬ҶɨءԪʦͽܲˡ
˵õ£ʵ£Щ֣Ҳڡ
㲻סԪɫ˼֣ⲻùܵ¡
үүʲôʵҲ֮£ٲֺαظϾɱ
ʶԪ˫ָζ֪ɴߣ⸾֮ʣһٶΪ˵˺£ıƣˣ㾹ҵΪѣ
鲻ĸʼԪתǰȴ˦
游Ƭ̣ɫһУҪȥֹʢ԰գתҪߡ
һԪ״ǰּ̧Ѩ췴𣿡
嫳ԣ޶ۣλɽϣҲδʵôЩаħк𣿡
Ԫ⻰Ŀ䣬½طУһعϷţһ˵͸ҺúôҲȥ
ҹ΢𡣶ڼǿѲأÿʱ㻻һԪ㸺ԺУػѲӵһɫЩͣתȥȴȻƳһӰӹǽͷ
ʲôˣЩѲ벻ܵķ£˸Ҵ붦ãǸߺһ׷׷˹ȥ
ǵӰҹɫ֮£ǽУ;߱ڣƮݣ鷿رûټղһ鷿⣬Ƴ΢ĵƹ⣬Ŷ룬ȴݽһˣ﷭һӡ
Сߺһӵǰ㱻˷񿪡
һ೤Ļ׵
ҶᣬعͷɻһĹǰѲػĿյ˴ѰҵףδκˣĲ˺Ȼ˴˴
룬׹½ӿ鷿εɿˣƴ˿ͣ״׷ȴһѳסߣȵɢﻹҵõӰ
Ԫ׷Ƽϱĵףɫࡣæ˵ˡ
ǿ˭𣿡Ԫ
ûˣõıһѻ׵˵
׵ô˱ߣҶý硭˶ҹȥԪһһʱ
ŭڷڶæת뿪
Ԫһַأһֻŵף·һ̱Ҫֽ飬к޺޵ððҲⱾסðһһҵǡһ˺顭˵ţŵ׵ٿһɣö˶˵ĲӾмأڵϣһ졣
һͷҶ뿪úһ·ݣֱһСǰͣ½Ųңվڣ㼴˹ȥ
ôͻˣңݸЦ
ղȥˣҶü΢
ңЦ
˵ˣ±⡣ҶЦǽ˸Уȥ鷿
ʧ㣬ҲңӯӯЦţɫζ
𣿡ҶԾЦŮṦ׿ôһŵĻɫ֣
ң˵˵˵Ҫװ˭ٳ֣ʵУ벻㻹ֶΡ
Ҷּʶ㣬˵׾ӵֶΣϵѽңĿƣʵǱףͿˡ
ҶЦ²ӿ֪θܡ
Ȼ뱻ƣ˵䣬˦ңƹԣͷһģ㻹ԸţҲٶҼ֡
Ҷԣֿšң׼һš㼴ѡὣࡣҶһšת񵲣ʽ졣
һһͬʱʣڰһײ˫˫ڵء¹к£ѩķУҲŮ˫Ҷ۵׷ɿӹһ˿ԳƵЦᵶУһ̶죬ҹ֮һǻ𻨡
ң֪ѼԪǱȱĵףֲױ¶Լ׵Ҳбʽ֪ͨͨܿĵ¹ϵ䲻ĸȻƾ賬֣ͬԽֻʹǵ֮еһ֣㹻ǰ֮˶޼ƿʩ
Ҷڣ㾫ˣ²̾˿ᵶƵٴˣ䡣
ңȽ֣˳μƾʤӴ֮δռϷ磬вҲòԣֻ̹Ե\Լ˼֮ͬȥˡ߸·Ҳ㣬Ҳ鷳԰գ㼴ת߿
ңƳһƣıӰһĬĽŲȴȻȻں
ͬûϵң
Ҷ΢ƳһۣвȣǲǾͲˣЩУ
ԡңֱһɱ㡣
Ҷ˴Цһҡͷ˵
˳ҹɫ뿪գһ·С˷̨أ㲻ߣɽȥ
ּľݣ⻨ȻïʢСǰȴԵ壬ȫոеķϢ
ңľǰĻֹߵǰŴ򿪣㴫һŮ˵ļС
һܺһƳҶȴ¿߽ڡһСľ㴫ˤ죬һ㿴һͷĲŮ˫һѲ˵׷Ҷš
ҶɫֻһֱܣŮ˼Ĵҿһ
ǡңŮŤ״񲣬һʰһʯģȴҶƵŮѵһڵϣ漴ɷ˵˱ٴ߽ľݡ
ңһڶ󣬻ǰżûվȱŮ˷𣺡ҳȥ
ˡҶǷŮ˱ݷ£һվӱ壬㼴衣
Ů̧ۣжĿһƳңָǲΪҺͶӵģԲԣ
ӣңѣתϸľݣȴҲĸˡ
Ҳ褣ǭZҶ֣ǸѾˣҲˡ
ZŮ˻ǵ۵׷⣬Ȼп૵ҵĶӡҪˡô찡
Ϣ˽ϣһжáҶ˵ţλһ˵̱̱ȥεУʡ¡
ңԣ˱ݣϣֶڵʰһ飬ӳ⣬ߵǰʵһ˷ҪԼˣô죿
ȽŲã߲ԶҶҲһֱˣżҲѵʱֻɱ㿴֢
ңü΢򭣺㷽Ŷ˵֣ǽС
Zԭ֣㲻ˡҶͬһϣҾöġ
ԣҶң
Ҷ骡Ҷ˵꣬ӲݵϼŮ˷ùĲ˵ߵˮȡˮϴ漴תȥݷ¡
˵û¡ȴ֪ЩһӶܾ¡ҶһԺӣһ˵Ҳ㡣


124 . ˼
ң, ԾͷƳһݽյ飬̾˿ڹ, ҶԲס㡣
ѲˡҶվ, ҲĽ㡣, ΪһǻѪ֮, ɽ𺣡ңڹȵ, ֻ
鲻ңһ, ȴ˻ȥҡͷ˵, ˡ˵, \, 𣿡
Ҷһס
û·Ͻų, ñ絽ң
޷ǲŵһ·׷, ֻ\һˣǵˡҶ
ֻܵˡңĿһ
ģĿǰûκιڸϢ, û⡣Ҷ, , Ҳܶȫβܡ
ң⻰, , ߵľǰ̨, ͷԶ, Խء
߻һӣϢҶϥڻԼ䣬˺Щ𣿡
Źȥ졭ңҡͷӰ첻󡣡
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ȻüˣһˣҲ֪Ρ
⸱ģҲɱ㣬ʲôң˵꣬룬ԾһľĿ˯˹ȥ
ҶԭأȻⰲޱȣͷƳ˯ţ㼴վҳһϡҲ֪ģҶ࿴һۣȥ˻Լ¡
ռӦӵĴ˺ֲԾӱܡԼҲ벻ô¡
ڹƣˣʩչֶΣҲý˷ֺֻһе뷨ȴ̰֡
˺Ҳ뱻ˣֻŹš··԰ãٲɡ
ɵķҶԼ֮ȴãͷƳһңüٿһ֮䣬·ʲôվ˿ȥ
ңǰľЪһҹ⣬ȴͷ˿ɢʹǷվǰľվã͡ʱ֨ѽһ򿪣Ҷ骷ſ˳һһ㶣漴ʵС˭ѽ
ҡңͷ⸱ģ볣⣬ҹķ踾ǲһʱɣ֪νĻ
ǭZ𣿡Ҷ΢ЦǰZأȥˣ
ңɨһȦͥԺӦǳȥˣšܻ
⺢ǵģдҶ˵ţתȥһߣһ˵һ˰ɣȥʣµķ˷ʲôط
˷ˡң˵ţǰסȴȻǰŲ̧һֻƼһҡС߽Ժ
һ˫ĿüۺЦ۲תǷ飬߱ǱޣէһȥΪļһߴ˵أǺһ͹𣬲ΣҪΪǸŮӡ
ӴиѾͷҡСȣЦһңҶ˾ʲôʱҲѧݲؽˣ
Ǻˣңü΢
㲻ϵңһת΢΢ҲԣǴû棬ôϵã
ϻôôࣿң
ڴЦƹ޳˵빴ʹɣ䭡ӣ㲣Ҳ۸㡣Թ԰ǸӽԿȥ
ҪҶвң²̫á
òã˵㡣ɣЦ⣬¶ͷ飬һ˿ɱ⣬ҲվŲҰ˴ߡ˵ţСһӣзһ죬̼ܵʮİ´̿ͣСΧ˹
ң֪ǰһ˵Ⱦɱ˲գۣҲ飬νʣ㡢ն̡ûһˮֻñ꽻֮ϣ֯һƵˮ©йѸȴҲǷ֮ʮն֮󣬷Ⱥ˺һСڣȳʣµ˱Χ˹
ɣҡһԹۿһгģɫȥԽԽ䡣طԾݲȺȳһָһĽǶȣϻһߣֱңŶȥȹײϽ棬һ졣
ңپ벽龢ڣ֪˹󣬲Сۼһٶӿǰ֪Ӳƴãһ˷϶֮䣬ܿһͷĵơ
ɽɵṦ˳ơ̤¡ָıƮ֮ƣ̤΢ʩչƮɣƼһ㣬鶯Ƿӿɱȡ
ʹɾȺشһȥǰ̿ͷתǹȴ֪Լ˵ͷϡɣ䭿쳣ֹ̳ȴһһյĹʮ˹룬ԭβƵΧƿһ·
ûõĶ£ɣ䭶Ϻһһ·׷ƿ漴ߵңǰЩҵҪ㻹ʹã԰գһ̳
ɣΪǣ䲻ƸӲȴľԣХ·ȫˡңţҧҧԸ£ҪôһѪ֮Ϊһ˽˺ҲƲܡһڣٺõ֣ҲѻҶȫֻҶЩʰԼ̯ӣ֦ڡ
˶ң˿ܵ˺ѣӿѪɣ䭼ͷµ͸ʪʺɫ֪ˣ﹥ƺһתֿ˼֣бײϽС
ֻһңһХЩֻ֣ô˿ɣ䭵ⲻѣִȣȭ볯
ңƳָһöƵָ϶˸Ỵִ̈ޱȣһȦϣһߣȻ˼ǡ
ԾܿȻּһţͷƫƫʱڵҶ骲֪ģȻһҺңһ⳯һƳȴҶ骴šˡڿ񱼶˹
ɣ䭴жΪʣɱˣֱм䣬Ŷزǳо綼ܽ˺飬㼴ÿң˼ȻҲȻ˿һ㱻ӭ汧ס˵
ϰ̼֮ȣһˣȻãҶһһһߣѹ˫ۣһʱʩչѵõĿյɣ䭵Ȼָ̧֣أָöֵĸ뾹ֱָŶ
ң֮࣬ܽҶ˿ȥöҲ˳һ˺ۣԶľ
Ҷ骱ƿʹȥңὣǰսȴһ֮У֫ҲƹǦһ㣬ǰڵء
ɣֱֱһٿһɱſȣͷ¡ǧһ֮ʣһ׵˹ײǱϣʽƫҪ֮ʱֱһֻһָɣüġ
ӴˣɣЦ˺󣬵ֻλӣúɣֺαش󶯸ɸ꣬Ӧ
ҶŤͷƳңŲָѪüٿһɣʵʲô
Ŷɣ䭷Ŀ΢ţƳһֿۣ˿ڵϵңһЦ˳ָңԭ֪ˣһץǸʲô
ҶҶ骣̨ϣ漴ȥңɫԽҲھô
ܲáңҧ˵ûһ̫ƽ
ǳɢд˶ߣաοڲ¹˽ҪˡɣҡЦͬߣҰѽҩ
Ҷԣһֻ֣̯ģʾҩ
ĳأɣʵ
㲻ҩҲ־ܡҶ
ɣЦͷָŵڵϵļ˵ôˣøЩۣ
㼸ʱĳںЩ˵ҶЦ۵¶ֲм
Ů˺Σšɣ䭹Ϊѣһ˽ҩϰݣ׷ô죿
ģҶޱ飬ģΨֱ֮һҲвˣȹգɱҵ¡
𣿡ɣ⻰Ծ࿴ңۣ΢ЦҲǣôò书Ҳû˻һ˵ţӻͳһֻڴСƿ
ҶӹСƿͳһ裬ָɣһˣԡ
ɣ䭲ԣƳһֱۣ˹˺ָ̧֣ϵļһʱкѪӿҶ״̧֣ҩ赯Уһ˿Χһı㲻ǺѪѪ
ҶΣңι½ҩȴɣչȼͬߵԺ⣬ٰѽҩ׽ʹթ
ҶƳһֿۣ˿ңһĬѺ˳СԺ漴׳Сƿңüͷһǰҩƿȡһ£ٵ׷Ժ⣬Ȼһ˵Ӱ
ͷһеҩƿ֮䣬·ʲôǻҶ骱ݣХ±׷˳ȥ


125 . 
âֵĵڶձǶ, Ҽһ˱̰ñаͷβͷܶԵĵƮһůỊ̇ڿ, ɢŴϢ
޷̧ͷ, , ²пȥĽգݼ, ͬ嫳˶ȴ˼ѽڣɵ˽, ȴ嫳µ, ¶ޣ֪;
, \·һҾЪ޷ǻۿǽ, Ŵ, Ȼתͷԫ\ʵû˵Ȥ𣿡
ûС\鵭ĮұͲʶˡ
أ޷ʡ
ǲ\бŷ⡣
, ޷Ц, ô£µһһôջ𡣡
ǹģ\ݺݶ
޷̹Ȼͷ漴չյ㲻, Ҿˡ
ر, , ɼ, մߡ\
˴˱˴, ޷Ц, , ͬҲûʲôϵαػҪţ
ǲ뱻ŮѰɱˡ\ɫ
ƭ޷ǻЦͶ˵һ̫࣬һ֮ƥУһ߸˵ô򵥵ļ޻ᣬôڽϻ죿
\⻰ü͵һȻųʰ磬ȴ޷һѰ˻ȥ̧ϥײס
޷ǲɫһְ档
\˿Ȼʵָˣ
£޷ü
\ŭε̤նȥ޷ȴֻƮƮزһָߵڵһ࣬ʧ׼ƫ롣\ò׼ǳ׻ָ书ͬǰ̫һսײҲУһж̽Ȼغ޷ȴԸָסһ˳Ʊ˹漴ǰһбϣңȥҵǣ
ڵʳͼһͷһʱ֮ŵɢȥЩǮ˸޷ǼԶһսսӺ󣬲ͣ̽ͷӻȡһСƽ˽ӣ˵лл˿\ȴ䲻˵㻹ͦǮġ
һ·ġģ鷳𣿡޷ЦԼģá
㲻ң𣿡\˵Ҵȥ
\ƫִԸӣʧһۺࡣ䲻ȴҲúúǰĵδơ
޷ǲ˵ַ̧Ѩ߳
һ·Уڵ˷̨ɽ֡޷Ǹū\ľҶ骾סǼСԺ߽ԺʱպÿҶͥиˮ
Ҷ骿\ЦŶˮư˹ZȥĶôûͬһλ˭
û𣿡\ü
Ҷ骿з߶֣Ƴһ㣬ûȻ
޷ǼΣԴһòԾ㽫\һԣСʵʲôˣ
Ҷ\˵˵õˡ
ҪǻΪ֪޷˵ţһҶ骣һɣʵôáӿ֢
֢\ʵĻһ
ղͬ˵ġZҶ޷ʵ
\һס
޷Ȼ漴ߵҶ骸ǰʵˣղǽ𣿡
ѽҶ骻عϵˮưߵԱߣء
޷Ǽǰһֻ˻ҵ֪ͭǰѻˣ㽫ֻͭʢˮߵԸǰһˮһʵǰխZǸϧûסˣȻúúдһ
ҲǿɲСҶ骴ͭҼҭZò״˸˭Ҳͬ
ҿǹ䲻ȣƺûǸ˼޷һ׻һҶ骵飬Ȼôֻˣ
ǿһߵġԣ˺öءҶ骻㱻ˣӵúܣҲ֪ZʶЩˣʹɱɱ
߼ˣ޷üһ
ЩˡҶҡͷЩʲô˵˲ǹ⣬㻹
ȷһߵģ\ǰʵûΪΣգҶġZΪβ㣿
ҶεԺһ˶ˡҶί˵иеġ֪Ҫʲô
\üһչĿܣĿǶһöֶϣǰϸһ߬ȭ
˭޷ǰʵ
ɣ䭡\˵
빴ʹɣ䭣޷üʵ
ϵ
жţ޷ǵͬҶ֮䣬кζԹ
ҶǷӡɷԶɣʼ޷ǰ³Ժһоͱˡ\˵¼Ҷ϶ģҪԸԼּ£ӼɵڵҪܣҪɱҲȷ
ûа취׷Щˣ޷ʵ
\˵ţҪߣȴҶ骲֪˰ɨ㣬ſ˫۵ڶ˸ǰǺҺߣ
Ҷˡ\֢㼴ǰң\ġ
Ҷ骼ס˺ܾãɨ㣬߻صľǰ˳ô˻뿪عӰҲˡ
֧ضоݵ㣬Ϸٲֻ޷һȥ׷һʱګ\ͬҶ֮󣬴˽˲ɻܣ뿪Сݺ󣬺ܿɣ䭵˴е·ߡҶ֢˵岻Ҳּ֪СһսǺΣ޷ңһֻ׷ɣһУô̽ΡһͷңȻ׷ɣ䭵ӱ
ɣ䭵;ݣʺǰУ;װҹֵأǰһ㣬һ˿϶
ңһң֦ҶźΣԽüټ˶գһֱŻˣȴԷĿʼܣȫûлᡣȻҲʮϻؽֵľӲƴ϶ûϷǰ˴ߣδвʡ
ɣǰ֧ѣߵһߡɣƳһںߣһԲҶǸһ˿ЦôˣǸСѾͷû֣ҿţǲˡ
ұûָҶ
Ҷһǻңɣ䭵˼û뵽ͬһȺãֻԱ˵Ů˸Ȥ
˵ûУҶü΢΢һɫͶĪ˼ĪΨֱ֮ɣ䭵һʱ֮䣬ֻ޲ɱ
ɣ䭼߳ŭЦøˣ귽λ󹴻ʹ£˶֮ڣΨ©ӣ˵δѶϡġ
һ仰ս˵뼤ŭ
ҶɫֻƳһۡ
ô˵ҲͬһɣҧȣʴǰǻʲôԸҿɡ


126 . ²֪
ҶĿ, ᡣ
ңϿţȻִҶŤͷһ, ֻӰ, ݲ, һһɣ䭵˸ǰ
һձݹ, ·ûԹһ㣬ȥ, , ͷȴޱȣһ˵ģֻǶͷеϳİ̺, һֱ뷢䡣
, ʹ, Ǹݵòεģŷ, һ׾ء
ôɣƼ˵, Цӯӯվǰȥһִ׾ؼͷָҶ, 㿴Ұ°öƯ, һ˶ûС
, , ֲҡ׾ز, , , Ѻ
ˡ˿ҶԼվ׾صģ
׾ػûڣһԵŷȴݵ֣ʳָߣ˸ƣĿɨ֣·Ѱʲô
ңΣϢһҲû
ˡŷƤ΢̧ʾ˵ѺҶȥ
ң֪˾ǷթһĬΪף˿ֻǾ۲¶һԶŷҿݵַӻصŵλãɨһȦٺЦˣ
ǸĲɣҡСȣŲæߵ󣬵ǲǸˣ
ңʶˣȻǲĴڣд˾ٶڣҲ̫ҹɽ֮У̫ԶܿʧȥĿꡣ
ηأǰ˼ԾδҼӰֻʧأ߳һ·ȴòԶ˵㼴ѭ˹ȥ
ôȥǰ취\һ԰˶ߵĻĲݣɣ䲻ҪˣδذõָϵĸιĶŶҩѾ
ܲܲҪѻ죿޷ǰһ۫\ҪɱڣΪζҶĸڼУⲻǸԼ𣿡
Ҳպ財ɣû\˵
ΣҪˣҪʬ޷˵ţתһ·̽ȴһӯϸĽŲ̤Ҷѭȴһ㶣漴¶ϲɫң
ңչգоβסĻϲ漴̤ŻĽŲǰߵǰʱȴһ˲漴ת\ǰʵ֪֪ɣ䭻Ҷȥδ
\⻰סŤͷһ޷ǡ
޷вãԼ׷һ·òײԼ׷ѰǸͬദŰµ䡣
ô£Դɽһ·ܾѣ⻰ԹһڱǺ˵
ңûѯʫ\ȴһʹȫһԵԭԺһֱδܺúڣδϵ˿ڱһ˿
޷ۼֿ콫ڻһƬ죬һźɴʵô˵ôأǸɣ䭸ɵģ
ңҡͷڣȴë\ҵҶ˵⸽иܾ
ȥң˵űҪǰȴ޷˻˭һպǣͷ˿ڣ۵ȥܵһ޷ǡ
޷ǻҡͷʵ⵽ô£
ͬ͡ңͷ˿ڣҵȥˡ
޷ǲɷ˵סͬ˼˳ʲôˣ
ңβѣܲȲ˵Щղʹˣٲȥ˾ˡ
ʲôɣٲ¡޷ǿǿУһߡ
㲻˵ʲô㶼𣿡ңܲܽ
Ҳ޷ֻǺǺЦָԶǰߣҼʱܹˣϱʣжٴζһڿţΪҪȴҪΪһ֪νȥ
ң˵һֿסŷֺš޷£ʮֳָǰһס۽ƳͷѪ˿ڣԥһ˲ңԥƬ̹򣬻ǰѨö
\ϲǰŴ˾˫ۣ¶֮ɫ
һʱн⿪ŸոոԭĶȥң˵ţХ·£漴˫\һѣһǰһɿԶ
ң޷ŭܿ춼ûȻ˿̵˸żʲôҲˣֻ쳤ӣŶԶ


127 . 
ɽ缱, ֦ҶҡΣ˳ӿͳɫް, ·ʱмܵ¡
ҶվϤİʯ, ʯŽյ, һûһ˿ı, ֻǾǰǸߵˣһԲ
ܺáһչ, ʯĸϡ
Ҷ, һԲ
˵ʲôƤ΢̧ɫ䡣
ʲô, ұ˵ʲôҶ
˵˵, ܴ㲻Ϊ£
¡Ҷٴɫ
¸ʲô
˭͵컻֮, ˭ָʹٶңҶЩ, ֪𣿻˵, ֻԼ֪ȴ׷飿
Ŀתס˫һԲ
ҶЦ㲻Ҳ£, Ը㡣ֻ˵, Ѿ˼, ҡ
ɲɫ
ʮ, ҵ, ˵ҵǸ, ҳΪұ, ŵңһɱҶһֱңҲƿأԽԽɣֱһΣڻǳˡ
˵ԩ㣿طһ˺ЦЩ㰵в߷һҡҵĲ£ͼݻҽĸ㻹˵Ƕģ
ֻԱѡҶ
㻹ҵһ߽ɳʧܣΪûһ㵥ǹƥƫƫһأ㾹ԼˡΪΣ
˵⻰񶨶Ҷϣ¶ζ
ҶûлشĻ
֮䵥ĿıΪ˻ȡ׷õй±֮˵ϢһأΪ˻ȡңΣҲΪ׷֮ˣϢϢءЩ˶ģ֮֯ˣڴ¶ԶˣȻС
ƫƫɣ䭵˼룬
㲻˵Ҳ㡣Ҽְ󣬱㲻ᶯɱ㣬ȻףԲлɡ
ʼĮ·һ˲䣬ͻȻ˼飬Ȼļ⣬ҶѾ͸γ嵶ݲԾԴзһּˣƳҶطһɭЦҾ֪ӣô򵥡
ΪУӭҶƣƺŪһ㣬ⲻʹһ㣬ʯȥÿÿһ̱ӣֲĻʽƺ׽͸
ʯ֮ڣ˲ݡ֪ǣң\˷ڶ͸ϸ΢ʯ죬۲ж
ʱңͷ¡Ծ̧ͷƳһۣͷѹѹƣü΢΢һʣĺХȻԤʾһ꼴١
ı£ֹ㿴ЩʹҲʯ⣬ƾ֮Ȳ\˵
Ҳ¶档ңòƲϵˮҲҪˡ
ʲô\ѡ
Ϊɣ䭸ҳɢĽҩˣǷ𡣡ң
˵⻰ʱޱ仯ȻǶԴɵ˲Żе̬ȡ
Ȼˣղôѻ˵\˵ٶˣǻܶ༸ʤ㡣
ȣȻջָãҲðաңοҲ˵ˣҲ¶棬ˮ
㲻¶棬ǲ֣֣ôˣ\첻ѣֻǰŮ˲Ƿ˾ɵˡ
ܻа취ģⲻǿ𣿡ң̧ͷ죬ԽգϸɽǸҹ˪нʱΣȻ⣬漴ܣϷʯڸżͻʯʯԼո¶һĨ̵ѿҡΡ
кսڼҶ𽥲СΣʱ̣Ȼöһף󣬱ԴԴϵĺ¡죬֮£ֻأ״ȻϸȴȻ
춯ҲһѱʯҴˮˮһʯ붴УĶ˳ɢҲ˶ȻعʯŸͷæɢ˿ȥ
⴦ɽڰɽϣƶбڴ֮£ǾҲվȽŸɣ䭼Ʋԣ֮ǰѷԾȻһ̧ȴƳԶվһϤӰһаⲻǫ\𣿡
Ƕ˶ֽɽ̱׷ȥ\ҲݲԶ
ɽ·ԶǱСӣˮǳң˶ɽʱ˴µķλȵȺɢΨһжɣֱ\ӸߵĲ֮߳ɽݲӱߣվǳ̲һѽҶˮϺӰ
Ҷڷ֮ǰ˷һƣϱɽʱܵʯȻʹȥʡ¡ң̽̽Ϣ˻ţ㽫̤ˮԶ
裬ˢƬɽ֡޷ԱңѨ󣬱һֱϢͼ忪Ѩⳡĵ壬ѨӦ˶⡣˿ϥµƬ̣㼴ʰХ±Ҫң뿪ķ׷ȥȴȻһϸŮǺó鰡㾹Ų
޷üͷһ㶡
ǰվһභͷֶñŮӣ뵱ɽһģһ
Ů˲˵ǰ¶ñ¶һʶ
ǡ޷Ǵ˺
ǰŮˣɫͻգ˴ɽ·ȻصǸŮ
ôʲôŮЦͼˣ
ԭɽҪȡˡ޷ǸЦΪмʱͬһ߰׹ɽ֣ҲǾ֣
ɾˡŮԾЦţô㡯ҡĻţⰡҽͤտصġ
Ҹʲô޷ЦһòҲЩ˵Ĺͬʲôϵֻǡ
Ļ˵һ룬Ȼͬ׵һ㣬һȻ𣬵ݸٵǸͷξֹʩȥɽλл
뵽˴˼ԽȻԭǸĹ


128 . ·Կ
ǣͤƵĹ𴽽, ЦָǺ£
޷ǲ, תҪ, ȴͤ˵һ˶, Լȴȥͱңٯٯ, 㻹һҲԴװ
ͬûϵ޷ǵһ仰̧ȱ, ɻû߳, ͤĻִ˹
ȲߣͤЦ, , Ҳ, 㴦ǰ˭ͣΪڷ絲, ӵеһ, ͬɥ֮Ȯ˺ɱ춫ء
ľ罣ˣȴ˺Сħͷ, ǵжһ, Ҫ, Ϊ˱ָ, Ϊȥ, һҲ𣿡
޷ĬĬЩ, ˵˰, ͷʵ˵𣿡
ôЩͤĿѵ˵Ķ𣿡
㴦ʼٸ߾˭ĲǼװ޷ǻعЦ
ˣͤڿЦ㶼ǱˣԼȴ˿ģҲ˵һ䲻ãȴˣѽǸְ
㵽Ϊʲô޷ǻζ
˵ֻҪԸ⣬ǿԺͤŴڼͷһ˿˵һֻҪó̱֤ݡ嫳ҲԽ˵ġ
ͤ۵ﲨת̬ſֺγҲŮӣιʵˮŮϣ˵ǲǣ
޷ЦҡͷҼűĻᣬڸǰһϷɣǱɽִŰҵţҪͬһ·ҲˮֶΣ᲻̫Щҿ㣬Ҳ㡣ҾͻñŪڹ֮䣿
ԩ˼ˡ֮ͤ̾״óʮֵĳ⣬ȴӵΣǽ˺Ϊѡ
޷һ⣿г⣬͸ðѶó
ͤԣ쵽ȡ¹ڲϵĺǸм䣬һ͸ʯͷ˫ǿʯͷߵһˮǰȥʯͷС
һˮݱƳһ澵ӣӰӳһӰһľľһչĻǸθòңоŷƵòŮӣһᵶһߡŻī͸ӨӨ⡣
޷üһ
˵һƴΪʯɼ¼Ӱ񡣿ɼĵȷȷǴڵģڹ
ϵˣӽϵֱƳ֪
˶֪֪ʾˣԾЩǰҲûһģ޷Ƴһۻ֣Ƴš֣¶ʱȻ
ϵˣӿɾ죿ͤ
ƾһ񣬾֤ݣ޷Цҡͷȴһ
֪Կη㻭м٣һҲ޾Ĳ²⡣οңǰݱͲʣֲΪ֤ɽҲǣ£һΪŻ˻ɣ³ֻѿ
Ȼܡͤõīڤˮĥī⣬ϲͬü١ˣ⻹Ҫġ
޷ǲԣ򶨣ȴǡ
ҪǣˣҲֻΪ嫳һϯе˳ɻӦ׵ѽͤ˵ű㳯գգۣ鵹Ǻ޹
޷ɲԡĿתͤˮǿʯ¹һزϡ
ˮˮݣҲĵµĲ
ҪͱŹᡣͤ˵ű㱳ȥҪڲܸҴ𰸣ٿǿǣҲȵ𡣡
޷ǲü
˼ǰʵ벻ףͤҴңݣлɴŻɽΪβôֻ˵ֻΪʵݣ嫳ĻȴãǵĿģҪң֪Ů´£
ԼʲôҲɴ·չȥгһջңֽԺִ
˵Լɣûʵָ֤ĳ嫳μˮվҲǸҵǸˡ
ңأ֪֮Ůʵǿԣϲ⣬಻תһΪĸԩ浽һֻ̣ô
㣬ֻнµȨԼпȡء
뵽˴޷ǰһͷؿˣҴӦ㡣
䣬ͷһס
øɴࡣͤЦг޷ȥڳһΪȻģ㱾ֲԾǼ١
ˣӣҲȷܹˡ޷̧죬ŷһ죬Ǵһ㣬²ⷢ飬Ȼȴֻװ򶨣˿¶쳣ԣΪҲˡһУҲû塣ֵ𡣡
˵⻰ʱȫȻ֪ڶԶһô׳ңȥɣĿһ
ˮڸĺŲԭͲҪԼʵ̫򵥲
ɲɣٺҶæϻصʱָͤ޷ǡԩˡֶ֮Իֻһ˶Уûһֲű˼ͲûͷûβĻó̽
ҲСЩң˫ַŶͷ侲δⱻ˲һҧȻԶ
˵Ҳе޷Լ˼΢¶׽Ц⣬ȫȻǱӦ㣬Ҳҵĳ⡣
ݳ⡣ͤתҵĴ𰸡԰գ϶ñݲɿʧС
޷Ǿ뿪üһšһ֣òƽ


129 . ƻ軨
ǵص, ϯݳǵҹϸϸͬ˿ŴҴܹˡ
ңҶ߽ᣬŻָĽŲ, һż֡
ԵҶˡһ, ֱˤڵ, һԵСĿɿڴ
ңΪ⣬ֱӽ߿, ߵһԡСƼ״æȥʵ͹ٻҪЩʲô
ˮ𣿡ңҡͷ, ȴȻе۽һ˿ů, մȾˮ䵽ߣĨһ, ŤͷƳһۻ, , ϴ
СӦȥˡ
ңö࿴Ҷһ, ߵ, ̨вԾ𷽲ƼһĻֿʼʹ
ؿˣҴӦ㡣
, ȴ⴫һ, Ӷ˶, ȥ, ȴԭǷСƶˮ
ңǰ, нӹͭ, űߵľϡ
С̲ס࿴һԾڵϵҶ, С̽ʵôţ᲻ᡭ
ȥûСң¼ϵëˮУȴȻһͣ漴ͷһ۵ƣˡ
СƱסæ˳ͷ
ңŷźϵ죬ë˫Ȼ˫Ŀһλ޷Ƕͤ˵Ļ
ֵ𡣡
𡭡
֪˶ã㱻ŷˮ͸ֻ˲ֽë˻ȥ
¿ģȴ˵ѹֻ޷ǾѡݺгҲпԭϾһ·ܷ֮࣬͸ġ
ɲ֪ΪΣ¾Ƕµûš
þɽ鰮֪飿
Щ׷⡣ɵ̵ȴ޷ǶԣΪʼٸߵ嫳˾ˡ
Щƿֻ꣬ķСȫйԹ˳ȥ
Ȼһ̤ţһײ
û°ɣ˿һȡȻԷĿ󣬶ԭء
ԭ޷ϡǵãͬ\һ·ݣĴ̽ɣ䭵ʱ˵ɣһ⸽ֹǱңѡϤ·۷Ѱ˹ñײ
ңƼ˺һͫ׼͸¶䱸ڱתܻؿá
ôˣ޷׷ǰ£㵱Ҫһֱô𣿻˵㶼ѾˣҲı⣿
Ҿˣ㣿ңֱֱ˫Ŀ𽥷ſգɽ۳ԴöȻѰйص㡣ҲߵزȾֻܽܡ
˵ʲô޷ĪͬЩʲôϵ㲻ǷʲôҲų
µ񣬸ûĶѾˡңɫ䣬ҲŽ㣬ǲǷġܿʲôҲǷˡ
仰Ҳ֪˵˵Լ
޷Ǽ죬˵ЩʲôȴȻղԾ̧һȴҶһַؿڣؿľ˺󣬵ͷվڴĶˡ
ҹɫἴȣ壬յĴֻˡ
޷ǾҶƬ̣ƿĿ⣬ԭмڴɫתΪʧ䣬Ǹһ˿ԴɬЦҡͷ̾ԭ̫ˡ
̫ࡣң̫١˭ʥˣ˽η
ԣ˽ģ޷ŵʵԹȥһ֣֮꣬ԺԲƣֻΪ£ԡ
һ⾰ѵҾҪΪһ꣬ŵ𣿡ң˵⻰߲ѣֱ̧˫ĿӨ⣬ûЩתǧص˼Ҳܲ˺ѵزΪλҪݣ
Թ㣿޷Ƕپָ¥ϵҶôأͲ𣿡
ܱܲǣңԽԽףôǡ
ˡ޷ǱĿȥʾ˵ֻúƱ˺һڣεδѪ
ң΢΢ͷȡ·֧ƻܽľֻû뵽һ֮졭
޷ȻľһݵԼǰԡ
²ʣ֮ǰĻ֮£һ̧ͷҶվǶֻա
״Ҳ޿ѡֻܾͤһͷƽݣһȨ֮£ᱳȥ
վסңҧһߵ΢΢棬¼ᣬŰľƵݵǰһһĶҲã㲻Ҫұֻǡ
޷ҧҧǣӣĿ۵׾پʹʡ
֪ǰ棬Ǳ˴˸ᣬ˵ƫƫһΪǵ˼ԷԼķ룬ԽԽĺ
޷һĬɿ콫ͷҲأ߳š
ҶıӰʧҹɫҡͷڴˣ
ͬûϵңͷƳһۣ˵Ȼˣʹ˱ɡ
ΪҪңҶתߣ㼴ס
Ǿ㣬ֻǲǷ㡣ңŲһͣƽ£¾壬ӽ󣬸ɡ԰գ㼴߿
ңĻԹΪײ޷ǣȻͬһš
żһ̣Щ㱣ֻпտգããȻ߳һ·ȴĿһ鴤ǰڵء
׺ǿҲᣬȻ͵ӣȴб޴йһʱ᲻ֻĻ
֪ʱ˿ֹ̣ٵϣ޷ǽڽֱߣľ
µ̸жôѹյܿ㱻ռݣŷǷԻôòԾ
ңĻȴܴ鿴ЩίôַӦ
뵽˴ºȻĪĿֻţͷƺһߴͷ
޷һܻؿᣬȻѰãδƼңӰ
һƴӺԺŴȣæݲһ¥ãһʵղͬ˵λأȥˣ
ʲôһ¡
λƯĹ޷ǵͬˣ廷׵ɼ
ƯƻȻ򣬡꣬¥϶Ǽ䡭
޷ûĻ˳¥¥ǼͷǰƿţȴпյģһӰҲûС
üһȥȱߣ˳һ¥ǻƺûпȥˣ
С㶣ղšˣҿλӺųȥˣλӺ񡭡Ǵһߵġ
⻰޷»ȻʣԽ϶бᣬǷɿ¥š
̫ļЩżֻôæסΣͷȥȻûܶԶ㿴ңϥܵ£ĿԶ
޷̱ǰȥ֣ʵû°ɣô󣬻ǻȥ
㻹ʲôңƳһۡ
˵޷ǽ֣˿ҷɣæ͵䲻֪Ϊ˺ңˡ޴ҪҶʼɣ㽫ҿۣҪ˦
ң⻰¶ã֮ɫҼʱô
֪޷¶ϲɫսֵ֪㲻ô룬˵ôĵĻҵĴܸܲңΪҪﻹң׷£лֱ˵Һòã㲻˵ô֪˵ʲôʲôŻ᣿
ңľȻоΣԼʲôʵǸǸﻭŮˣǲͬʲôϵ
㿴ˣ޷һ㶣ʱ£
ɽҾҶͰ£ͷ㣬պ˵ԩˣ˵óʮֵĳ⣬ȴ
ԺĻ㶼ˣ޷ǻȻ򣬵Ĩһϵˮ˵ǷҲ٣ʩǰ˵Ǳ嫳ĻΪ֤ݡɰ׮鲼ԭ׷ȥɽɶܵǣеһУ㲻
ֻܼӦֻõ񣬲ֹ˺㡣
ԡһұ㣬һ滹Ϊıңۿʵ
鳡ʧ⣬ܲΪЮ˽ٲɣ޷ḧգ۵繣ƴˮů
ǡҲһȥðաңҡͷˣⱾҵĽҲǸŮ㡭
ЩԺ˵޷ӣĿᶨҪҡҷǣҲֺ
ңͷҭ
޷΢Ц֣ȥˮ飬ɫ¶ϧɷ˵㽫ᱧ𣬻᷽ȥ
ңԭŰҶ¾ߣֻһͷ˭֪뿪֮ҶҲԭȶµĿͷҲδ˻أԾɿ
֮УѿһˣԭǼĻҲЪˣֻȼ伸յ谵͵ơ
޷ǱңİȻصͷϷš
ͷĴţһأ㳹ڰֲָ
޷Ծɱڷվű˴˵ĺòһ
ղŷ˵Ϊλңʣ˰
᲻㡣޷Ӧ
ңգһһʱ§סĲӣȥ޷Ҳ£ɱڻУͷӦǡ
һǣ࣬ڵĿҲһɫ

ԣ
һûмթƭ뿴ĶС


130 . ޲
껩, ȴޱȰƽտ
޷ǻ˷£һֵǽ, ͷ, Ĵ, ̰ȡǻ¶ȣ೤, ԰Ρ
ڵˮ£, ˿ˮ, Ļꡣ
Ѷʪˣ޷ǻң, , úƴָˮ, أ
粻֪ȥˡ
ˮŶͷ£ڱǼ, 𽥳صıϢ, ҡҡ׹
޷ḧңգһģ˼֣һ䣿
ңһס
ǡҲ޴ȥˣòã
ңһЦ˳㲻˵, 𣿡
һ, ּˡ޷΢΢ͷ, , ˿˿ƼˮϢܽطҷ, ԽԽ, 𣿡
˻ʪ͸, ļŵӵȻܹܵ˴˵¶ȡң⻰΢΢п£˼֣˫ֹĲӣ೤һǡ
ضİҹָ˳ոż»½󣬰ʼͷ
ߵ飬ô֨֨졣
һв˵֮£ҹĺڰڡ
֪˶á
Ϣס޷һ֧ڴأͷңǰһǣգǻع飬΢΢Ǽǰź
ǰϾɵĹ䣬֮紵ǳǳ¹ڣǰ͸ɴҲ˶˵ӡ
ңĿ˿
Ū𣿡޷ḧգоϧ
ңҡͷֹĲӣ˵ղ룬һ·۷£Ǩҡʵ˵Ҳûһֱ㱣ܹˣС٣ҵţһ˺ΪһΪЩʲôأ
޷ԣ΢΢һЦǼһ㣬˵ֻҪһֱ߾ͺá԰գ£ӵ뻳С
С󣬶𣿡ң䣬Ȼ̧ʵ
޷һü˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷǵǡСʱݴ꣬˶ţʱңͬڽϿЩҴܵܺҲûʲô𣬳Ϸߣ˵°ܻ£ʲôҴ
˵ţ˶٣ּ˵꣬ͱҵȥꡣڰʱ򣬽ʦ㡭˵˴ȻЩᣬΣͬԣмơҵʵڲĶ֣ҲűòŲǲȥʱ䳤ˣҲϰˡ
ԡͳңۣʵ
޷һͷ΢Цʵأ
ңҴСͲ࣬˶ϰ䣬˽㣬ĺ˵ң˵ĸܻ˵һλˣǸգ˵Ӧĸˡ
ˣ޷ǿĸף˻󱳣˵
ҹңУ£Լһ·һУ˺ҹ⣬˯˹ȥжղúϢѵһް˯ֱ䷽תѡȻһȴǿյġ
һ֣ȴδӦȴƼԼѾҺö˶˵ص÷ڴǣͷ޷֧ƻľͷڵľϰѷ㣬ӳ⣬޵ڶˡ
ңһ˿ԤУ´ţߵ¥ݿڣȴһƻס
ˣСǰѰͬݵλӣ
ңͷʵ
˵мҪδ죬תһ˵ǵ°꣬˵
ʱûˡңüһ˶
С⻰һƺΪң
û˵㣬ң͵ɼǵĸȥˣ
ҿû⣬ҡҡͷչٸ˸ʾ˵ǳ͢Ѳ񣬴ӽ֮ڣֻжſ
뿪ɽ󣬼꣬ɢɽϵı䣬ĻԨѹһͬʦֵܵĽã֮λһҲĹսһ׷ȥﺮǿӱ޸ϻ˽꣬ټʯλǰ鷿飬ӦԵµľ档
δ¶ˣﺮվңݣֻɽ棬δ˵
ʯ⻰һ˼δʵֻ嫳ҵ²ͺ𣿺ҶɽׯǰҲǿЦƾ޾ݣֻ仰ôӣҲ֪ʲôġ
ЩСɣƽԾӣ书ߣ죬Ҳɲʲô¡͵ôһᣬǷǣý򡣡
ƾǣ롣ʯһ
ҪģȰ˸һﺮɫأ跨嫳λл䡣
ҿлҲ򵥡ʯǵôұ鷳ƫƫ޷ǣ
Ƕʼնڻɣֵ뵱һսйءﺮ
벻ִ֮ô궼ȥˣѵָʲôʯҡͷ̾ѡ
ʱһ˵𣬽ģǽĴɤţʦʦ𣿡
ôˣﺮһ㶣漴ǰţûǺΣһͷԽһЩ
Ѿͷôçײʯҡͷ
λϣǶڰϲô𣿡
㲻ǻ𣿡ﺮʵ
ô£Ҳ߰ͬҵ˵ˣһˣȽʦܵٻؼҡ˵ȥǰɡ
ףǽԴΪɶ㶯ֻ֣´»ճﺮҡͷȻܾ
Ҽ˶ѣܳʲô£ʯòޱȥɡ
ޱ룬һҪȥɣ
ﺮһԷʵָ£иϻͬȥϵȡĻλ
˵񴣿ʵ
ԶԶԣﺮҡָͷ࣬ܲǵ֣ҿºףޱͬУȥ޷һ
ð죬ȥ˵ţ㼴߳š
ȥвޱﺮͷܿ
ûã˱ղޱˣ鷿ˣԽ֮зƱãΪЩһﺮ飬µô¡
ˣҲ֪ˡﺮһУֻľƣܰ¥ǣƣǰУ֮Уѣֻýиȥ졣
˵ţһתֵ˵Է˾ĿΪΣҲ֪ҲĪçײ£ΣգмԱȫΪأ
գһͷ
ǡղޱһɣʵҪԸ͸õղŻ˵ʦǸʲôǲ·˺¡ɣ
⻰ڳ˾ĬⲻĻ΢΢üŤͷһۣȴû˼Ծɼ˵ĿǰȺ󵽹ݣݣ˴һ·ж£һµĹܼ˶ˣⲻš
ޱС㣬˵ˡ
ֻǡղޱԣֻѺ仰˻ȥ
˵û̾δʵǾҲûνۡһ˵ߣֻҪ£¶٣ĻڽҲʲô⡣Ҫôµ飬бĴ㣬Ŀܣ˱
ֻǲ²⣬¾棬Ҳδô㡣ʯޱסƽʦĻСĽ¡ʱ磬ǿԸԻʰһ̡


131 . Σ¥ϸϸ
ݶǺ, رǻأݷȥиءң⼸, ԵβϤ, ·, ղŵﶫ⡣
䣬սسǱƼϵ˶ͬһȥ, ߽һŷ, ԻΪɽʿİ¾˵صľ, һ֮״ɽ
̨λԱߵ, ʾ˰, 漴˵λն֪, կռɽΪ·ٲơаŮ, , λţ಻ԡƫƫٸ֪£ȴΪ
ĳʵڲ̿λɢڴŰ, Ըؽ·Ľʿ, ҵȽɽ, һЩʧٵŮӺͯ, ҶذһƬ
´, ҲǰѰϵһ顣س, նôʶ, һٱҲλԱ˵һ顣ϻдʿ룬۳ɹÿ˿ƽ
һǰʵңȻҪһԣøԼ׬Щ̲һ׷޷ǵ䣬λȫȫ⣬ҲʣǮϵͽҲʮͭǮɣʵڲΪ˵ʱ
˿񵥣ת뿪ȴʱҵĿ
ҿŮӴһ׷ԲԣƵϷ޵ڵϣָسŵķ޺ɱǧķկҴҵĴ
ѴˣվϸԵһŮ̼ģҪԱ﹫ӣһѴһġ
ⶼȥˣҼҴ˵Ѿϸ˵˴Խҡ
ɲǳϱûһضӣϵˡԶһСֱҡͷӲͱ͵ߣ˭ȷ裿ǿš
ң⻰üͷ
ɽ°ӸŮȷжţΪʲôҪץӤѲΪСɽһҽ£ǰ£ǡǶ£°ӵͯͤˣָպڸһ
뵽˴¸һ˿ǣߵԣһǺǶģ
ɲΧȺڶ࣬СҲû˭ʣ˳Ļ֪ʮ˻ʮš˵¼ǸʧٵĶӣҲǶʮŵɰ
ңüһȥ
Ļɺ֮£ǷկŮӺͺӣͬǸһᣬԼ˳Ѱ˳ϣǷ׷޷ǵټ
뵽˴΢΢ڣݲޣ̨ǰ
Ƽ˾һƬȻ
̨ľһҲ̧ͷĿӣס
ɽҰСƵòŮӣѵһ֮Ծ̾ȴпƮȻݵṦ໹Ϊò
֮ǰ̨ǰǼǣһɱȻǱصһİСˣһ˫۾ĴҲ֪ʲô
ôиŮģСбƳ˵ʲô˶Уƽջ治С
ôÿȱǮôȥ¥õòһֵٲͷ٬Цһſ£޿ģ಻ÿţ
ң⻰ɨ˶һۣ𻰡
ԱⶨĹأӦеʮ˷迪ޱѡΣʮˣֱѡСңΪƿȻң˵֣֮ȣҡСȻǳͽ̨ˮģ˫һȥ㱻Ʒڵأײڵ棬ȥ
һԵˣŵ˿һңŤͷæ˰ڰ֣߶šҲȥˡȥˡתһߡСҲԶ
⡭ľ꿴˿ˣԱ⣬ף⡭
Ů֡Աǰңһ֣մ
ҽСžңһ˼Ը̫ҡĸڱ˸
ԭŮԱ⹧ǫʩָ̨롣
пϡ٣ضʹ޷կˣӦн˷֮ˣվϡ١ң书ǿֻͣһˣһӶһԱȻ֪ˡ
Աͬļ꣬ĶĬǽϼļ漴ңȥУկĶԹԹ渵
կڶصϷկʷɣկﻹиңǰ˵أռɽΪ̴˾һƤ뿪ǰ꿪ʼڸŮͯ½ʧ٣֤ݶָկٸҲѹûˣδܹసһʬλزͣΪΪظʵۣʿΪذָ
Ҫˣ϶סңҸҡͷ˵ץôˣЮʵС£һƴƣ
֪Ůкμ̡̣
ָ򣬵ȵҹұȥңܲǣȰ˸ʣµˣȺЩҲ١
ǾͶлŮмѣĳ涫صİգлŮ
ؿңǰ𣬵֮ͣҳݣ
ˣתܼʾ⣬ѻƽ
ܼԱҪ߿ңˣ̻ס
סܼңת˵ұҲΪͽԱⲻҿϾҲȷһܾȻЩͺӡ
Ůʴ壬塣ĬǣЩҲǼҸ⣬Ů¡
ҲҪȰ״աңԱ͹ָλ
еƬ̣Ĭ˽һƤֽݸңӹƤֽϱ߻ŶصĵͼϽǻעŷկķλ㼴𣬵л﹫ӡ԰գҪת뿪
ŮĬס˵ҹ̽»δʱŮҪ𣿡
ҵ̽̽·ңʱոպá
ŮէԶػϤĬǰ´·ȵĴ
﹫ȽΣңƳһĬһ磬ҡҡͷ£ҵĽų̡
⡭Ĭһʱ
ֻҪͼֽڣұҵȥɽկ·ңǴ﹫㣬涯һù˼ӵİΣ㡣һֱӣܻѾίȴ˵ֱס
Ĭһ˼ֻ˵ߣҹ̽δѰʧ˵ȣֻ˵ǰ̫ƻﲻҪѰҡ
Ǻ⣿ң
ĪҪˣٸҲȥկѰδҵЩŮӺͺӡĬɫ䣬¡
һ취ң˵꣬㼴תԶ
ĬԭأıӰʧüĻ
ң˳ŵͼָķҵկʱ򣬲ŸչʱҲšڣկӴ̽һȦ˿һЩСආ۳ԳԺȺԼʱ·δϢ
ƻ轥կΧආҲࡣңƹЩϺз׾ٱǱկУ·һΧǽǰƳɽڴԺ÷ںȾƳ⡣
ң룬㼴ǽͷΧǽǰһ֦ҶڵΣ۲ż˶


132 . 
ΧǰĹ, һ׳ͷ϶һѲݹڣȻǷկկʷɡԵ, ˻ҡĿ, ޿ɡ
կ, ϵһ˵ҽȥشϢ, ǸȻ̨ļʿҪǷկ鷳
𣿡޿ʵ
, λŮ, ֲ˵ͷ
ŮһˣʷЦɽկƨأ
һˣ޿һ, , Ϊɶ£
ɶ£ϻɱŰ, Ů˺ݺӳһڣһ̳ӵ, һ˵, ۾˵ǲֵ̫ˣҲǶҺҴһɤӣҲ˵ľǸɵѽ
˵°ľͲԡʷɳ޿, ﶪŮ˺, ֹʲô£ҲϹ˵ɶ, Ǿɶǣ˵, ǷկǲСɡɱˡŮˡϹٸҲ, һ, ۲𣿡
ǲɵˣ޿ɴ۵, ǳǾŻǣ˵ҪŮˣ۾ȥ˭ˣٸⶼûѵˣﻹǽˮ˵Ǿ˰ŪǷǣ㲻ãǹ̹ᣬ˿ڣֵܼ
̵ģʷһڣӲʹǵԩǣҪҿ۲ɰײɣӾȥةĹŮǸѺɶҲɣҲҪһػļ֣ǵʲôˣ
ǣӵƲǣŪãûʧ٣ҸͷҪ۷կ
ʲôǲżˣʷΪмƾһСŪǣˣԾͰ£ȥҪǮ
ңЩϸһǼˣôŶ书ǿ֮ˣȻԼĴڡΪ棬Щʧٵ˿ڣôһ£˼ǰ󣬼ɽկڻкüԺӣΧǽƵԺڣܿկ֣Ѱ鿴˵յŮ˺ͺӣҾҲֻС
կˣǹ
Ժŷż˵ĶԻԽеЩԾֻصǰԺ鿴ֻʷɰѾһˤָǾӵˣ͸ȥؿĵ˸ʲôɣǲҪǡ
һŮˣɶ޿
ܣ㲻᲻֪ɣʷɵ϶ڴиʲô̡걻Щˣð˳иʲôŮ
ɶŮ˵Ǹе𣿡޿˵
ʷ˵⻰صϣسһȴȻﴫһԽŮԭҲ֪̣
ģ˭ʷɵ
ΧھԵļˢˢվһ볯ĽȥֻһŶɫİŮǽӰ߳ң
ޣĪ˵Сǣ˱صĽ꣬ҲɫŮӣһկ˶ǹͻȻƼôһˣһʱˣðŻع
̵ġŮ·ʷŴ졣
㡭òǸʿŵû˵ָң˵
ңһףϡ
Уʷɻ̳һѵ˹
ң΢΢׾ٶ˹ȥЦⰡ
ܣҺʷ˵㳶ɤӺǶҹ˴ɽկ
һɽһʱ֮䶼˹иСģվǽǷ㣬һʷɻˣûüϵſӱߵ˹
£ʷָң
һɽͳʽӿЩ˴û˾䣬Ȼ˶࣬ȴһңֶûֻ̧Ⱥ˼ƣ˼ţ㽫Щ˴ſڵء
ʷɼƲԣſ˫ۣʾڷ˺󣬴޿ӹһѵڿƣҪ³һ
ˣ㲻ҵĶ֡ңҲûΣֻʼ⡣
Сӣʷ˵ţᵶ˹ϰļӣֻϸӸߴĿ࣬ôּơȻңɽͬʦս޵֣ɽ֮Ҳʤˣ⼸书ǳ˿ɱȣȼżСɫĽ֣бƷ
ƺʷ棬ֻɲĹͬ˺üغϣֶµּʵ򲻴򣿡
ſҴ磡޿ǰһ򣡡
̵ģʷһᣬûˣĵˣ͸կ֣Ųҡ
ٶ˵һϻҾͰͷңһۣû۾˭ȶֵԼû˵Ҫ㻰ü𣿡
ģʻʻѺʲôʷɽзһᣬѽѽӾһ㿳ˣ浱㣿
ңϴһ˻ģһ˼ϵĵϥһߡʷɳʹšˤڵϣۡ
ûġңָüģȻûЩ£α飬һұ֣
̵ģ㲻կӵ𣿡ʷӲ֣ѵ㵷ң
Ҹʲôˣң˳֮ǰжһָͷ𣿡
ʷһɣġ
ϴû֡Сѡ
ʷһ⻰졣
ңһۣ˵Ǽ⣬ʵʵشң˿ʧ֮²ΪԻǳ壬ǹ£ͱҲ
ʣʲôʷɷŰ۵һٱҲ֪ЩʧٵĹģһɱҵˣ
ǴʲôʱʼʧٵģЩкǲǶͬһ죿ңʵ
ſҴ磬Ҿ͸㡣޿ǰһ
˵˵Ҿͷˡң
Ļƽƾʲô㣿һС׳ŵʵ
ûңĵǰ˼֣ȵ˵ǲ˵
ʷӲҲͰ겻£˭֪ô£
Ǽкأң
ֲ֪ɡʷɴſڱȥ
ôһʼ˵կйصģʲôˣңԱ⣿
ǣǸʲôʷɿ˿ԴǶ˸ӣϱҲϵˣ֪ôģʹǷկˡǸɵӣץӤʲôֲϱ࡭
ǲ˵Ů𣿡ңʵ
ӹ񫻹𣿡ʷɵҪôҲˡϣ
δ˵꣬㱻ңݺһţһл
Ҵ磡޿˵űȴңһ۵˻ȥ
Ǻʱʼִµģңʡ
ǸĲиͳһѾͷף޿˵ҸиշѵĹѸиʮĹŮͬѾͷ죬ǹŮûţľȥңͼӴײ֪˵ʲôľȥš֪ʹǮƻʲôֶΣƵǸŴةǷկ
ǼȻʲôҲûѵΪλ϶ǰˣңʵ
Ƕ˵ҪȥةŮһڡ
ңĬƬ̣ջָʷɵĵʷɼ״˺󼸲ңӳôûܹб¾ͱߣ˵ţ£Ǻ󣡡
СһңΧ˼ȦȴһűȦߣ߱ߺߴߴңδ£Ȼһ㱻ͷۣǰҲʼѨϰ£ݱգ漴Ծ˫ȵõһ˴ˡ
˺һǣԾȺһѾʷ½󣬺ȵ㻹ˣʲôУ
Ů޿ųɱ⣬æǰǸ缸۲ʶ̩ɽ̧֣ͬһʶЩʧٵŮ˺ͺӣͷկûйϵŮ죡
ûйϵûйϵôƵģңһʷ첲ں󣬵ͬȥأͬЩʣ˭˵ѣ
Ů޿һЩ£룬ǰſ˫ۣסңȥ·Ů˵ɧկӣѾǵһ ˣҴҲΪ̫࣬Żô嶯ʹ˲С˹һذɡ
԰飿ҪǽĻҲԵ޹Ƿկ˵
ǣû䵽Ҫǰ˴ȥң۴绹л·𣿡һС˵
ңգһ˼ɿǯʷɵ֡ʷΪʣͬٱȸ£Ȼǰ㱻޿˻ȥ磡嶯
̵ģģʷɰѲһᣬңӵ۵
Ǹղŵ˼˵Ա⸸ݺǣңü΢ȻˣΪβ֪¶ң
кãҸͽ㵱Ȼ˵ʷɺ޺޵
ңԣĬĬӻͳһֵʮķǮڼǰչңڼǰ˻ΣʷɵʷկãںҪͽ𣿡
ǡʷ׳ŵӣǰһ
ȻȻҪߡңô
磬յʷɶߣС˵˵еǰû⵵µʱͷǮȥسˡһǶţ·ȥ𴦣š
ǣһͷ͵˵ͷдغӱһ·ѲһҪǳ֣͢ɲá
ôãԼң˵ţת߿
Ů޿æ


133 . ֪δ
ңصʱ, Ȼʱδ̻صұţһ·ȥλʹ޵ķϸС, ֻڴһ, ͸϶һ, ֻƼǸվϸԵķŮŷѴԣȰοſϸ
Ѵ, ҲáҪǿӣȴҲ۵ġŮ
ɴܻ𣿡Ѵ˵, ҭԽ, Ѵһ㡣
ŮæģһûµġŰ, һλŮĬ˵, λŮѾȥ˷կ, ܿͻкϢ
ǡϻعٸôȥҲʲôûѵ𣿡ѴһĨ, һ˵, ǿĴܻҲñɽ̣ˡ˵⻰޵Խģض㣬
Ů˵۽Ƿ, Ĩ˰, , Ҳô˵ѽ, һ
ɵ, ˵, ôҲˣѴ, ˵﹫ӸϢ˵滰Ǽٻ
ƭҵġ
˭˵ƭ㣿ԱҪ˻飬Ҳû𣿡Ѵ

ͬҼҴһҲǸĺӡѴĨһᣬѾͷһȰϵûһǺöõʱ򣬱˵㣬ʲô£ܵÿɱ˭졣
ˣŮҡҡͷ˻飬ĬûӦ£һһġ
ͶõĻ£ȴһϣʲôѴѾͷɱû㣬ǰ죬һ̫ͬĹѾͷɵۡ
Ů˿Ѵҡҡͷ֮⡣ķѴֱվȱ𼱣ȥĬʣλŮûл˵ţ㼴߳ӡ
ңڷԶߵֽǣϡ
ŮŵȥլԺ⣬ȴδţƵ󷽣ÿһСľţͬŵС˽˼䣬ֵһſĬͥԺ
񡣡Ĭ̼ӿŲǰͣ£ôʱ
Ů𣿡ҿѴʵڿ޵ģʣûϢ
ûСĬҡͷ¿Щ֣ҿ㻹Ⱥ˯°ɡ
ôء˵ٸˣǿ԰ЩͺӲŮǰ̽ѰôһϢҲûأĿ¶ơ
ȱ𼱣һϢġĬŮѾҵЩˣֻ취˴ֻ
ô²Ҳǰ취̾Ҳļˡ
ֻƶѡĬַͷ㻹ȻȥɣϢһ֪ͨġ
͸ˣ±Ա⿴𣿡΢㳵
ˡ
ôˣѵԱҼҵ䣬Ż𣿡ί˵û⵵£Ҿ͸ü޹ˡһϡ鵽Ҫˣǲˣ
˵Ĭֻ֣ǡ
ӲãҲչ㰡ۺᣬ֪Ա
ҵĲˣ˼롣Ĭ
˵ˡƿ֣һ˿˻ȥԱָҲΪɣ˻ˡ˵ţ㼴תҴ뿪
ңͷϸһĬƫӶӰ֮£ɫ鶼Լ˼תδκˡ
һ磬︮ǰǰһתԺУһ·ߺţԱ⣡ӣŮ
Ǽ͵ĽкԺæʹӶ˹ҸѶҲܿӭһ˻һ㶡
ûҵ𣿡Ĭǰһʵ
Ǹ»ЩʱաңԱ빫ӣڵĿǰΪֹһʧ˶ˣλ֣
ҪʲôĬһü
Ȱҵȷû©ң
ǹµٵһ졣Ĭ֮ǰЩɢɢﲢ޾ֻڰҰͳơ
ٸҲû𣿡ңüʵ
ϻȥٸߣֻԷѼҴİϸ档˵ȷͳƹ
ҲաңͷܲλͬȥЩ˼ҿ
ȻԡԱͷȥš˵ţ㼴ܼһ˼䣬ת߿
ҹ̽ɽկջ񣿡Ĭǰʵ
ңҡҡͷ﹫һ㣬կﲢûЩʧ˿ڡ
ߣկضפزЩ˿ڡĬ
Ҹٹǣδ쳣ң﹫ӣĿǰΪֹһʧٵǺˣʧ˶ã
ƺǳǶҵĶӣĬһ˼а²ټ
ң˵ͷȻĻϸһĬֻշŲ԰ףвݣʵ﹫ɫãǲˣ
ɼùЦˡĬЦЦ
ռӣɫȽտɺЩң
̥ʱʱᷢĬ˵ţ㼴תȥӲʣһ㲻ͬŮͬˣԻͬǰŮԺ󡣡԰գ㼴˿ȥ


134 . һ
ң, ˫ֻۣ˺ϸıӰ, ֻеһ˿, ȴ˵ΪΡû, ܼһתܼһղī˸롱ơңһ, ܼһͬ︮ţ˴յĹ, Ұѯ, ֱͳ꣬ȥ, , ʧٵʱ, ͨͨ¼ڲᡣңᣬڹܼ, һҳҳ, Ȼü
ֻӵڶҳдһʮŮӣʧھ֮ǰȽĬǸͯ, ʧʱҪʮաҲ˵, , Ϊֹһʧ˿ڡ
߷, һҵʮ˼, ܼ˵, ŸŮ, ӡһ㲻ףŮ⵽Щ˵ģ
ʣܼҲعġңᣬȻһüܼңǷȥλļңǲǾ̫
ûôˣܼҲ⣬Ťͷʵ
ȥկȻȥɡң˵ţ뻳УתߣԱȥѴУǰɨʰԺڵľդ֡
ŮѴ¶ϲɫæǰţǰղһ𣿿ҼҴϢˣ
⵹ûСңһĬֻǽ߷˼ң˵λչĹʧˣָպü
˵ģ̫Ѵҡҡͷʴ¶û׼﹫ӱء
˵﹫ңװ֪ڳһģǼʱ£
񡭡ʮѴһ˼ҡͷ˵ʮʮ
ǲǰңü΢аôɣ
ŮôˣѴʵ
ûʲôңҡҡͷܲʣǲǵںδ﹫ͬһ𣿻᲻ǿˣ
ǿɲܣͤѴ﹫ǋѾͷǶ׵ģҪϸЩû𣿡
﹫ﶨףңҵ߷üͷԽ
ǲ֪ѴｫԣѹɤС˵ﰡԭУǰЩ󻼣ֿ׶ˡҾʹ˰䣬ȺŋһСҸⷿӸסԱҰ䣬Ҳ׮£պ˵Ҫѻ¸ˡѾͷǿ
Ŷ⵵£ңü
ɲֹأֹҼ˳˵ͼ﹫СѴɋƫƫţڵСﰡǡ
ôȥأҲһңһתʵ
﹫ӿϲýѴȥҹһλƫƫɣǸѾͷҲկȥˣȥʱһżæˣĻпչ£
ԭң˵ͷ˼
ʮʧ٣ƫƫѴռ﹫һ𡣳֮⣬һλʧٵŮ֮Ⱦ
ɺ֮£
ͬʱسⶫ⣬ڳɽһӴɫҰˣ̧ڹײģǰнɽҸڱ¹⣬ɽأҹڣĵһĻԹ졣
һ̧Źײģ·֪ƣ룬һ·ǰУȲ̸ҲͣЪɽȻͣǰبһؿľҲǧ׳д˵ĸ߶ȣҪ뷭ģֻʹṦԾ߹
һҲǹŹֵúܣľ·跨ǰУǽֱŻתȥضСʱдƿ죬֧ųɫҺľ̴ԴЩ˵֮С
ḷ̌ҲͷԵڵأڹײҲӦѣڵϣ졣
һ˫ǽڷֲҶ¹Ҳûѵõķ϶ڹײԵĵϡ˫ֵҲϸܵ̽ͷϸ۲һΣȷˣݲµء
紵ҶǳĹθҡҡλΣӣ֬ᣬ紺ңѰ˶յ޷ǡ
ԭ֪ͤɣңͽ֮󣬱ƭȡͷȻͤȴѵ˴򽻵ĻᣬЩͯʧѾãˮ棬ȻɷŹǱȥ򣬶ڰУȴͤĳ֡
ͤʧԼƺ⣬ԼʱԺ󣬱ȥ޷һ·٣ɱͷ龰뵽ң˵ؼ˹մŮò˼ΪƣתĶѭ˿˴˴
ߵ̧˵ԣ鿴⼸Ȼ׳˶СۼȴɣϼֲҲũ֮ˣϰ֮˸е̬òܿĲٿأŻ߹ľ
ɹײװǺ޷к棬ߵһˤ˱߽ǵĹľǰͷ鿴дȵĺƿ׸ǣŷһŴֲѵũŮü˼Ƭ̣漴תߵһ߹ľǰһҲһŮ
ԶСϪһƬŽҶȡЩˮָպȡЩŮϡ󿪵Ǿ߹ľŮܿѹһӣ¶䱸
£Ҳǻˡ޷ĿϿң΢Ц˵
ŮŽɿȴ˵
ˣ˭ģ޷ʵ֪Щ˴ȥģ
ŮҡҡͷָָԼ죬ҡҡͷָָԼĶ䣬˵ͷ漴ڹײһ໭˼ʣƺǸ顱֡
˵㲻˵˵޷ʵ
Ů˵ͷ
𣿡޷ʡ
Ůٴεͷ
ָܲ򣬸޷ǵҿǻȥ
Ůԣ˵ͷ漴ײģӲݹľ̽ͷҲ鿴漴ָָϷ
Ƕصˣ޷ʵ
Ůָָһ߹ײŮӣ˵ͷ


135 . ҹŷ
ҹ纮, ¶ء
Ĭķﻹŵƣϴ䵹ԽҰ׵һڵ, ڻ谵Ĺ¼, ɭȴֳֻ, Ե÷ˡãڴݽǵ﷭һֻƿ, ĵ˵ȴûܵκζ
źһ, ɴ˫ۿԼ, ֿ˿Ǵƿͷһ, ͵صͷŻһѪ, ֹסķ, ػ̱ȥ, ڵϡ
СôȥĬǿվ, дƿȥͷ·˫, ġһֻͨ徧ӨԲɫС, ˮ, ᴥβ, ȻԼ
Ĭߵ, ƿ, ˳ȥҹɫ, һ㣬֪ȥ˺δԼĪһʱֻŹֵַɻص˷С󲻾ãĵҲϨʱһƬž
ңĬݶԶԶŴ˾üͷ
ûãǰȷ֨ѽһ˿Ĭһɫۣɿ챼šң״ȻϣֻӺ뿪լֱжȥǺʱ룬˼Ҷ붼Ϩ˵ƻסǼСԺҲ⡣Ĭ⣬ԺУǰҲţк񣡋쿪ţңĬ
ϨƲã˯£кɻֻýŴ򿪣ûüô£㱻Ĭһ⡣
ԸԸͬߣĬȲʵ
Ŀ⽹ƣ׳סŤͷլԺķ򣬳ĬĬˣִߴٵôˣ㻹ҵȢ㰡ҵӣҵǲӦңԸԸߣֻҪԸ⣬ھ뿪Զ߸߷ɣҲط
ǡ㡭㲵ɫӣŵס𣿡
ҲںĬһ§ס˫磬ֱ˫Ŀ׷ھߣòã
Ĭ
һֱνļֶǼٵģĬ¶ɫ˵ңڻ飬Ҳֻ˵˵ѣҶѾһ㣬㻹ҪʲôΪͬ뿪Ժ󣬾ͲǽʳԱ⹫ӣҪǸˣ
ûУæͣҲˣƶ룬ֻҪߣҾˣֻǡֻҲ롭
ֻʲôĬɫ񣬡ֻ㲻ͬҹӣ˵
ûûУƿھ͸ߣȥʰҡ
طʰϸȴĬסҴЩ̲ȱʲôտУٸµģ˷ʱ䡣˵ţ㲻ɷ˵۽ĸ첲קšСۣסͼƿȴһשԺһҡ
ǰһڣʱԵ
ңƼ˾𾪲ѣǰˣȴĬļǽסӣ̽Ϣáššţ㽫˼磬ǽȥңһУ֪«ﵽʲôҩȥ
Ĭһ·ֱǽһǽǰͣ¡ʱһµ˴ǽ󻺲˳
ң¹һˣֻʶԼ𵱳լĹˣֻɫʮƣȻϸƣȴȫ֮ͬ
ֳƬҶȴЦһŮӵѪϻزȡˣѪڤˮޱ仯Ҫˡ
ǲҪŮ˺𣿡Ĭ񣬵ɴ˫ؾôôѪŮӽǣ
Ĭ˵⻰ʱ۵Ѫ˿ݺᣬЪ˹Ƹӣƽǫɣˡ
ûоȥҰ˲Ϊ⣬Ҳȥңһҵġ
ҵȲˣĬȴһƷڵءϵһƵ˸ǰ˻𣬡ҾͿˡ˵ǸҵҩҳꡭΪʲôÿֻǺһգҵĲءҲôȥٸһҩ㡭㡭
﹫ӣҡͷĮȻ˵߰ɣŻмջͷȥһ
Ұ첻첻Ĭɿ˫ֱͷʹ಻ѡ
һˤڵϣ󶯵ת˫ۣ𣬿֣ãȻĬʵǡĬ˭
ԸߡĬ㲻ǰ㲻ҵΪңʲôԲԣԸߣ㵱ţΪūΪ澡ҩҩ
ʲôҩʲôߡҡͷѣ˵ʲôѽ
⻰⾢ӿöҶ簵һ㴩ҹɫֳ˵üġȥ˵ԾһֻһӰ£
˱ƼƣȻĿȴȻɴ˫ۣһ֡
Ů񵱼ס
ĬҲɴ˫ֺۣˡ
˵һֱڶ°Ů˺ͺӵˣǷկֵܣ﹫㣿ңƳһ۵ڵϵĬ۵¶
˵ʲôʧɫҪܿȴĬŰȻŲǯסʺö
㲻˵Ҫ𣿡ңǾͷߣҵġ԰գۣ΢΢ڡ
ҿɲҶ㡣ɫɭ
ŶңһΪΣ
֪ġ˵ţɫһ䣬һѽ˳ȥͬʱķһơ֮ڿƵ÷綯ʹңʹǰ˽סԶҲû跨ȫƷΧһǿĳ徢˫˫Ƶڵأȵңعٿﻹҵõ˵Ӱ
ֻǸŮӣܵӶػһԡң΢ȡĵι¡
ĬתҪߡң״ʰһöʯӣֱָҲСȡĬһˣǰԵڵء
޳ܡңԴԼδŵҲ´˶֣ǽ˶ġ
ңͲñȢĬָ֣ŻԲѵ
ңԣֻͷУ˫ĿգһƳһĬ
Ĭתߡң״Էʯ縮Ѩʵء΢΢üĬЭչŮڵʵĿýֳģȴֻˡǱغ𣬻ǷѰʧ˿ڵ֮ˡĪ˵ָ֤Ĭ˲ţѹָ֤֣Ҳδزᱻ˻Ϊɵһҡ
ǰʱң˳˷կɽǰŵආһ̴˸£ȥʷֵûһʷɱűиϳڿ޿üʱź
ô㣿ʷɵһţָۣңֲԾһ𣬱
ǲ֪˭ץЩͺ𣿡ң
ʲô˼ʷ׳ŵǰ
ңĬƳһֿۣ˿ʷֵܶˡ޿һл⣬˵ĪǡĪСӡ
Ĭ缲ΪЭħչŮ˺ͺӣȡҩң
ô֪ģʷǰ˰죬զ£
ȻĬҩң
ҪûǴҿлԼġ޿󾪣Լϱ˸ɵ£
ҪǸԼһ£ˮõϣʷɷ˸ۣʲôһ˵ˡ
ҪôˣͿԴ˵կӸŮͯɱӡңҿǽɽկҲףѵⳤôȥ𣿡
ǡô죿
ѡңĵҷҸӵܣصأҶλկ
Ӵʷɶʱӣ
ȻǡңݸٿȻҪλկӦҲǷǵġ
޿в֮⣬æʷһѣңһֵǣŮԺҵȻסˣʰӳ
ʷһתźúǰһظ˵ˣ㶼ô˵ˣӾΪѣǼ
ΪѣңЦǻˡ
˵ţȡ·ľͷָĬģҲֱɱ࣬һ֮ʣµ̯ӣͿԼʰˡ˵ţҪ̽ȥ
𡭡ʷæǰæסӰ㹩𣿴ӽҴ硭ҴүֻҪⰲҸͷУɲ
ͷǲãȰĬѺܡңľطټ䣬
˵ɶ£һʷɵ
ڵκΣգկܹտˣңƳһʷɣʵ
ʷҡͷǿûСǶӻģҲͱиʮɶ¶ǲãܵҩˡ
ңüˡֻܵκתȥһˡ˵ţ˶٣ֵɸˣȥһˡĬǰֳĶСλѴҲЩʲô
ǡҪǲأʷʵ
ĵѧú˵Ȼܰң԰ձ㼴񣬴߽ɽš


136 . ɪɪ
կĵǽԺһ˳, Ĭ廨ӽ˲𷿣կء
ҹž
ңڴߣһ, ˼
ӳ, ԰׵ɫһزҵĻơң䲻˽, ӷѴֻƬУҲó, ǸĹҵ䣬ɱ, , ίȫֻø, ȴɱ֮, ǿ
ʱ, ⴫޿ŮδЪ𣿡
ҲҲһ𣿡ң
վ, ת, ߵԺУֻ޿վڴߣĿ飬㼴˵ѵġ
޿˵ͷ
ʵҵҲû, , Щͺʧǰ, ܸЩ˿ָסң, Ϊص, һ, ϶һжǷկΪ
޿̾˿, ǰ꣬ӱüּģֵϵġҲģֻЩȭţӻĵĵ֣һϼƣɽͷӪկţǴ˼ҳҲ֪ﲻף٣ҲֻЩ̣˵Ůˡ
˶٣˵ǸԱ⣬Ǳ𡣾˵ǰҲ飬йţ֪ģȥ⡣Сϡ̣оӪôǮһ߶ػؾկӣ·ǮӲôˣ
ԭˡңͷ˼
ǴûΪѹͨգԱǸˣػؽӼգ˵ϼկĲǣҲˡٺйʧ٣Ҳ֪˭һ죬ⲻ͡޿һģβѣҿףѹʲôˮǷկãɲΪ˵׼ͷԼҲɾ
ȷЩ֤ݣָկң˼һЩֻһЩ˵ԼۿկЩŮ˺ͺʧٲǰ档ȻҵҲǵĻկ̽
ߣߣ޿ѡ
Ŀǰּ֪ԼЩ¡ңУڱãǸˣկЩѳϳָ֤Ҳᱻ˵Ϊ˻߳ŭҧҾã¿ûô׽
ôУ޿ûİ취ˣ
һһںް취ң
ɶôˡ
ٿɡһʱнң޿漴תصУš
ҹɫկݵĵƻϨֻǰĻһҹ
գ
޷һ̤صĵؽ磬һĪѹ֮ͷһԵѲԾɻԵŮ㼴ǰ˰֣˷Զĵݶ¡
סģ޷ʵһֱѣЩ鷳һȥɡ
ڰָָ֣ͷдšءֵңָָԼҡҡͷ
޷Ǽˣü˼ãʵ˵㲻Ƕصˣ
˵ͷ
أ޷ʡ
˵ͷ
ȻǶصˣô֪Ǳ˴°ߵģ޷üͷ
ָָԵŮָָͷң˫ָȻСˣһ˱ȡ
޷ԽͿҡͷЩʲôȴһԴףⲻ̫𣿡
޷ǱܻͷָָǻԵŮǸղ˵·ʵ˵
·û˷ܵسϴ󺰵ˣǿţ
һ˷˶ӿ˹޷Ƽ̣˺һҲƺһ§ǻԵŮǽǡ
һ˼ȥ߹ӡ
޷ǲһ㶣ûӦ㱻·Χһʶ
λţôһģ
ҲȥկôҵѾͷģ
أҶġ
࣬ʵ޷ֻɶУͷԡûãƼһϷ޼ȺֱǻԵŮ§ڻд޳Χ۵·˷׷꣬лмͬ˼ʧٵĵʿһ޷ǲ֣Щѳá
ȵȡ޷æ˵Ⱥ֮⣬˻Ҫǰæֹд󺰣Ȼл˵һһ
Щ⻰ֻһ˲Χ޷Ǳ˺ȴȻһ»ǰЩм䡣
һˣ˲ǱˣǰŰļʿ
λҪżǼ¡Ѹٴ޷һֻתȥһοЩҲ֪˵ЩʲôǹԹɢֻ¹һҡ
ˣ޷Ƿ˿һҵǰֶһʩ񣬵лԱΧ
Ա⣬̧۳ǰҼʣôˣһֱѰ
ĳϼҽЩ£ǲҽȥҽΣ˵
ллԱ⣡ллԱ⡭Ӳͷ״æмͽ˷ǲ˽̧ߺ󣬷ת޷ǣֵδγƺ
հס޷һͷ
ԭǰ˵ţ㼴˸롱ƣһ·糾Ʋ£ЪϢ֮£ϷЩʣ̡
߶ˡ޷ǹʩһͷ㼴߿
һ˻ص︮ٺһкȻ硣ϯ޷ྴ޷ǲƴǣǳһڱ˾յ
ƣδ䣬һͶһֻ˺첼첼ƿо˶ö˶Ľ
ԱǺ⣿޷ü΢
ʵֹӼǰʼڱ㲻ʧ٣Ů˺ͺӡ˵ةʬλزͣ˰ĳţ෬飬֪ΪķկΪŰʾԸؽļʿΪ
Ҳֻ·⣬λ˳ͻأʵܲԱ˴񡣡޷ǵ²δԱ˵ġկ
Ŷü΢΢һôλ
ⶫ棬޷ǵ˰λװڹײ뿪
ЩѺ֮˴ˡüû𣿡
ҲֻǱûٿصͨգ֪Ρ޷ǵ
ˣüԽ˸֪Ĺ
޷Ŀɿɨüۣ漴Цǻһֿܡ
˵ʾ⡣
ڽϵһˣ뵱ءͷıӹմŮӣ˼ΣЩơ޷ǵ˵׼ⶫط£Ҳйء
ƶϣҲ޵˵ĳǰģȷļһλʿ
Ŷںδ޷ʵ
λžŮȥկ̽·˵ûҵЩǡǴұûټ˽գһֱͬЩµĬŶСȮҲٰ֪н͸¶벻ĳǵģկЮ˽ǻ᲻ᡭ
ԱⲻصǣͿȥկץɣԻὫ˾Ȼء޷ǳԿο
Ǳл󵱼˸޷Ǽ״Աⲻ˶񣬾֮Ͱˡ
԰գ˶٣Ťͷһתʵڴ֮ǰܲȥ
Ȼԡ󲻵ͷ
ϯ󽫶˴ȥڵĿͷ⡣ϼҽ˵״˳Ѱɺҩɺҩҩɽ⣬ֻܵˣֻ˼ѺҲմǵ֮ǰ¡
˴˻㼴ȥǰԺȥǮưϷ򸾡ڳ˻ԲѵĹ⣬ֻʣ޷ˡ
޷һ˵װƣ𣿡
ۡ
°Ůӣַͬ޷ǵͬԲѣȴж硣ֻ˵һ仰ң׼ȷָ֮ͬ˵ǲ̫Щ
Ծһ¶䱸
޷ǵһЦ˵Ҳ֮͸¶ܿûж⡣ҿԱЩԾУǡΣҲȥ˷կ̽̽ʵ֪ܷڴ˴úտλⷢ⣿
⻰һɣ֣ص˵ͷ
޷΢΢һЦ㼴߿


137 . ˻ǧѩ
, Ѭůֱ⡣կǰصųìƤż, Ͳûֱ˯ȥ, һ˺ȻƳһӰӴǰι, Ȼ˾񣬵ɴ۾ϸ, ȴʲôҲû
̵ģ컹ֹˣվֱ, һ, Ծδܷκ쳣ֻԼ˸, ֱųì˯
ⲻ֪ʱ, ޷Ȼǽͷ, Ժ
ǽϸ۲ԺĶ, ȻƼž̳Ժȥ, һ˵˵ǸŮĻ׿ף£ڸˣǴɣ
˭֪أһҡͷ, ȥǷѼǵĵҲû, ˵᲻ҷʲô, ˲ˣ
޷ⷬԻ, һü, ȴδѡžͬң뵽һԶ, Ŷ, շתȥԺƼһСľǰ룬ʰ𼸿ʯӣ׳ȴŶߴƿ㼴ܣֽ֧üͷƼˣȴס
ǰŮһۣüԶɽͤͤ续ң˭
Ŀ¶ϲɫǰȴѷ̽䣬彣Х³ʣ׺硣
ң䣬˿ء޷ǼΣ֪ǲԼϻز𣬱ֻزҲ֡
Ժд֣ܿ쾪Ѳߵһ㶼ۼ˹
կɽӻĵɽ񣬳ʷɡ޿ֵܣǽկӺźѧ˼йƽ·٣Ҳ˶ڣ⻹ͷһƼ浶ǹıԣһʱôˡ
ʷֵѶƼΣֻ
˭ʷһѱʵ
֪˴ɽկɵ㶵
ǻ£ʷһֵ
ۼһȺűΧǰ޷ǲüһָڽ࣬ѹ½ƣ˵ٴˣ䡣
䣿ңһս֣תߡ
޷Ǽ״̵תХ½ʣǰȴկһ˵Χס
СʲôʷɿŵߵǰĴָָָңŴŮ棬Ⱦָ
Ů޷⻰ʱȻңԭ˵ġž
ңһͷ
ҲװʶҰɣ޷ü
ŶҲˡң΢ͷʷЦұܣɡ
޷ܡƺֻͷµûţѪ
ܣ˵ʷ˵ţ㼴ɢˣ˺ˣ°ɡݣһᣬɢɢˡ
ң껰ԾԹǰߡ޷ǼΣȺɢ㼴ǰȥǰ˫֣Цý㣬ܲܽһ˵
ƺң𴽽ǣڳһ׽̬Цð
һðֻ֣ȴתһԻûüԶļɽҲѡ
޷һԲԺţߵٽһԺĽûվȣ㱻ңһѽ˦
֪ңҲܶ˵޷ָʷɵȥķ˰죬û׺ߵĻô˵
˫ͷȥ˺ܾã̧۶ҵȷȥǷ񣬵ͤͲôҡͷǺΣҲֳ֪⣬㽻ѵ̵ˣЩʧٵ£ܸиԡ
һˣʲôҲ˵ңݺһۣˣⲻܶûϷﲻҲŮתӰҲҲûǲںⲻܺΪ
⡭޷һ⻰ֻԼٳһҲͲ壬ۼңֱҪ⣬ֻñ˫ۣҲ
Ȼһƣȴٳû¡
޷󣬲˫ۣȴң֡
Ŀ䣬м
Ҳԣ޷˼ãڵϸ룬Ǹ˼ȵ𣿡
֪һ˵ң΢˵⿿ɲУ֤ҿ
á޷Ҳ룬ͷô֤
̺ı°Ӷذգ޻կңֻҪöص˶֪࣬ҾĻ
ԭô¡޷򣬡û´Ļλ﹫Ӧ
ңһͷ
Ҽ𣿡޷ǵ
ܡңֱ˵ܾ
޷û뵽ô˵ɵɴ˫ֱֱۣ׳˼顣
𣿡ңݸȻһ˰е飬һҪҵİ˵ţתҪߡ
Ȼ޷ü΢Ҳû̽ס
ֱһ̣׹ңŭԵɣΰȴʷɵ˹ŮСӺˣ
Լͬͷ
ҿͦصģܴ𣿡ңʵ
⡭ʷ¶ɫû⣬ǲᡣ
ʲôˣңüһ
ʱլһŸ첲𼱻˹弸˵ˣ󵱼ҡŮСûãͱø蹷Ƶģ˾ҧǻǿȥɣ
ԣɷ˵ǵһͬȥ˹ѺĬǼéڣһ⣬ڴУһֻƼĬͨѪһҧһֲϣ缢ƿʵ˱Ŵ˿ӿѪ
ңΣǰһĬȴ˺Ȼſ֣һͺֳ˹ң۵ȴ첲Сϣ첲ϡ벻˷֮󾹻һЩԵ޷ۼֿ죬ǰȣ｣ԽػĬѨ
ĬǰһģȻһᣬ¶һЦ䷢ǽĦתĿ֨ӺرȥһŤƵڵϡ
ڳĿɿڴһУƬ֮󣬷½عңǰһȴ޷˻ȥ̽̽ĬϢҡҡͷ
ˣңüŤͷʷɡ
ɲǵ¡ʷ֣Ҹڣկﶼû˶Сӡ
޷ǰĬʬԣüͷԽ
鷳ˡңղѣҡͷ
²ţ޷վҶӣ֪£֪ʲô˵ǣû׼Ҷᱻǣڡ
ʲôƨʷɵʱŭˣһɧʲô˲õĴء
ҪǴûΪ˵£ƾ󼸾仰صİնǣ޷һЦص
㡭ʷһʱ飬õĻֻܱض
ҪǲǾͲò뿪ˣ޿ʵ
ǻ⣿޷ҡͷЦ³һжǸΪΣĪǶλҵΪպܷŹǣ
⵽ôأң˼⣬ͬĲйأǡ
йɣͬˣĿҹʳѪ޷ǵ
룬ݴݵǲԶң˵˴ҧ
Ȼҿ޷ǻңλ﹫ӡ
ȷŰɣ֪ʬûж⴦áң˵̧꣬ۿ˿Ȼɫһת߳ȥ
ʷɱȥʸףȻǰ֣о£оη޷ǣңʮж·磬Ҳʲôǵֻøʹʹɫ׷ɢ
ҳϣ³çţĸܡ޷׷ңߵǰӣĿϿң㿴һ˾͸֪ûߣʲô¶첻ˡ
ң˸۷һѡ
ʵ֮ǰҶûôܹˡ޷ҡͷЦ˵˾ǳܣûôͣһС
гһգ⣬һôңĬãÿζΪҵ£ԼΣԼͲҪ𣿡
˴޷Ƕپһ
ˣ֪Ҳͬں㣿ң̧峺ӻһصԹһиʲộ°λǸλȥ
Բҡ
ң֮ûлͷңΪЩӣȻңȻȥ
޷¶ݣǰһֽӵͷߣ˵ͬ£һΡ
Ϊ¼򵥵ܹȥңһƲƿȽµ£ͬˡ
á޷Ȼͷ뿪أҪҪҪɱҪУҶ㡣ҴӦ㣬ӽκ¶飬𣿡
ˣңͷʵ㻹ûңôҵģ
ұͨͤҵפڣȴһˣ˵ģؼǸòơ޷ǵʹΪܣڹײȥұ޸ҵˡһλǶʿ
˹ңһ˭
ܹŹܾ֡ãδ⸽񣬸Ϊͼ̽Ѱ̵ϸˡ޷˼
ģңʵ
޷⻰üƵ˵ǲ̫ˡ
ʲôңʵ
޷룬㽫ԼǰϤ棬ң꣬΢΢ͷˡկȥ˵˷ѴУ˵ûҼˣҿʲô֪
԰գһתֵ־ã֪飬Ҳδػ˺
ΪΣ޷ɻ
կ˵ǶˣϼǸȴƻ¡ֻΪӪ󣬸ĬڣǰЩƾ٣ֵνͣңοҳ⣬Ȼɵģ𣿡
㲻ãҽʦĻѾ˵˽𣿡޷ǵԺ󣬲ʧ仹ǳմ˹ϣǷկпһȡ
Ҳ˵ָҴҲˣң̾ҡͷ
ҲǺް취޷ǵ˵Ҳȫ⣬ԡ
˼ǣմ˿һ£δв룬Ϊ֪ĬоΪ˱ҵЩң
޷ǵ˵ͷ漴ߣС˵˼仰
ңչգһͷǾԿ


138 . ·
ҹ, ҹĻڳѹڶصϿգƲסɫĵһ˿΢Ҳʩ˼䡣
˴, Ҳ޷ǹ, ɳȥʹҲ㬶, ׷˵ҵĬĻصǰƿšʱ, ըһףһƿ, ҹյͬ硣ⲻСԺ, ԭڰķ䡣ҲΪһ˲ĹƼ, е, һ˱ԴŶ, ĬǼɫƳ
ȵˡһæϷ, һߵڵԴ, һ˵һҲˣһΪһ룬Ȼֹ, ˫Ŀ˳Ż, ֱ㶵ضյоɵıڵ, òԡ
ͷһ˿̿֡ȴʱ, л, ͷ, Ĭķ, ײײ˹ȥȴײĬϡֻһ죬ϵӦ£ˤڵϣͬʱҲ˶ӽӲ֣˱ͬסƵģҲʬصֱعȥ
ҲʵŮӣѾͷҡݶϷͳ
㡭˭̿㺦Ҷ
·Լѡġݶϵٴ𣬡ҿûб
㡭㡭һ󾢷棬ضһֻ֣ԽԽ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ֻವһһöĶ̼񣬲ʣֱǰ֮˶ȥ˾˶ʱ˿
ű˴ƿһңӰڷǰƼһʱϲæָǰ󿪵Ĵȣ˵
Ա⣬ңߵǰ˹ڷկ˸׳죬Ҳûҵ˵Щô£
⡭˫ȴѴһ֧ۣŤͷϵʬס
﹫ôˣңŻ۱㳯ʬȥȴֳֹ̼֮ܿ󣬻
㡭㡭п󣬺Ȼһ̱ڵϡ
ԱʲôңƳһۻڷҡεĴȣһЦ˳Ҫɱ㣬ҾȴҪ𱨣
ԾɲӣһԲ
ˣҲٹˣңĵʼգҲûչԱһӶµҲ御԰գתҪߡ
ŮͻȻؿһͷͷ
ңͣ½ŲƳһۣоǲм
ǡǰˣҶȡŮϷһٴγߵס
ЪЪɡңҪȻԱ⻹ԶҼˣȥկһˡ
կ޹ءһᣬϷĴϷ´ˡ޷ճʵ´ͷβկ޹أС껼಻ԣǹзܹҽκĲš޳Ůҩȥȡ
ŶңЦͬЦɣ
ԣݺǡϷĴϷĴҲ֪Ĭ֪ȰҪˣִⶫصİգָοң
ЩŮ˺ӵ㲻ֻ˵Ž𣿡ңɫ䡣
Ů
ҿԱ⻹Ǳ׷ˡң¹شѰɡ
ɡѰһλȥһգҲûϢг֮̿ɫˣҪǡҪŮһߣֻ
Эͬˣչճи棬ײɣݣ޻ˣҲǸңЦԱ⣬Ѱ
ŮǰŲ˼סһȣֻҪŮԸȣϷʲôԸ
ʲôЩŮ˺ͺӶǼžһΪǸӶˣɢܸʲôȴҪ޲ɵˣССݵʹͣܰ𣿡ңĻᣬͷѵͷҲ̧
ԸⲹǵļˣԸǮƽ鱦ƥʲôԣ˵ֻҪŮԸʲôԡ
ǴǮƣȴ֪࣬𣿡ңĿ
ҡҡѵѵҪ඼ǣ˫ۣ¶ŵɫƬ̣ҡͷСˡˡܾʹɨء
ˣҡң佫ƿ⡣
󷢳ߺؿͷȱȱɡḀ̊́С˾ʵΣʵΰ
ͷңԾ޶ãǰſ򣬳ңŮϷ򹫿࣬ٸǼ˲Ҿİȫܲܡ
˵ƾ𣿡ңͣ½ŲͷɵĮ
ܣһ
ұټаա࡭ֻŮܡ
˵ɡң˵꣬㼴תԶԺ⣬ˣ㼴һСֺرס
ңͣ½ŲĹâǰ˻¸ǹӵĶñ¶Ϥݣ޷ǡ
ˡң΢ⷨӻá
˵ʲһһͣϷģ޷ǡ
޷Ů࣬ɤȴͳһ֮ԵԴӡ󲢲̣һʱ֮䲢δӦ
˵ʲô޷ʵ
˵һͻټˣ˵ࡣң
Ǿ͵ſϷɡ޷üһЦ
һ磬ټȫذգǰټʿĿյϣЩд·䲻֪ΣǾ£֡źѹѹһƬͷݣȴӲͷƤڣλĳ˶Բסǰ
Աʲǫ̂˷
ǣôͻȻ˵Щ˷׷׸͡
ʵһֱνկ°ӳиҥԣĳ˷ųĻҧѴＷһǰҷ֡
һ˵飬һһΪ˲ȡңΣȫĻһĬãʵԱ⣬òвɣ
û¡͵վȺǰңĿһѰ̼λܼ֮࡭Ҷڣ˼ҷŮӡͯʧߣĳϻƽԴ˸ο˼ңȱ֪ĳĳ˾ɢҲƣҲἫλ衭
˵ЩûĻЩ˿ʧǰ֮һһ֮ڳ̱׹ôһ¡
˭ҪǮѽȺУһʧȥӵٸŭҶӻ
ǣ㵽װȥˣ
Ū˰죬ԭǷկΪʵĶĹ
̨°Щһ߷߲ѣ̨ȴ
Ҽô죿˲ţߵȺǰʵ
ͷһҪ˵̨´һŤͷһƣֻѵĹ˹ӵۿǰȥԼŮ§һ𣬿һš
ӿ˰죬кͻḧգҹӰ𣿡
˵ͷЩӣⱻǷǮ˵Ǽҹ﹫ʶ﹫˵ͣ˭֪ͼŵˡ˵˴ֿ
ǰֻҵ龰Ŀ⽥ͣȴһϤ常͵ػͷȴ֪ʱվĸǰ
常ǲǰѷѴˣʵ
鲻ѣƳңɻֻ˻صլѹںԺеķѴ˳Ѵ񣬵˹ȥ
ȴػعȵȣ㲻Ѿ
ãûЩ˿СȻŮȣֻһغˡ
˵ʲô󾪣ңȴ΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
㡭㡭㾹ˣңָ֣ңŮ
ﶼأ˭˭ǣԼ֪𣿡ңһ
ͬʱȺ֮дһߺˣ
˷׷װյԵĽֿڡңһƼ޷ǵӰǱ㼴һ˿Ц⡣
⵽ô¡ۿնǡǾȻǶˣϵöԲԣ
ɻԱ⡣޷Ц⣬ü˵ǸӺô˼³Ҳʵˡ
˵һǺҶӣĿ¶׹⣬һǰ
޷һԲңһ෿ݲȥ
ô죬ڵʲôȶ֮ͣ½Ųңʵ
Ҳ֪ǻûбֶΣΣΪ޷ǵο⴦ѱû׼˳ֵ׷
ң˵ͷڣȴһŲ˲ԼͬŤͷȥȴǸǰ֪ȥ˺δġŮߵ˸ǰվ
˿̵侲ǰ̬֮ȫȻͬ
ʲôˣΪλǣʵ
Ȼز¶޷ЦЦ
Ȳ˵Ҳˡ˵ɽˮ꣬ʹ˱԰գ㼴תԶ
˵Ǹңʵ
޷һͷҪ˵ǰ㱻ײһ£һʱʹˣʵôˣ
Լ˵𣿵Ƚ˶ص£ôѵ㶼СңΪȻ˵̧꣬ȱߡ
޷һ㶣漴¶Цݣ׷ȥ


139 . ϡ
뿪غ, 󣬾Ļ跨ҳ嫳䣬޷ǵ, , תȥݡ
Ƶ, ȫȻ뵽ͷҲѰǣ·߲ͬ, 
ղޱѭǵݣбҲҲκκۼ, ԭ֮, ˽Իʾˣ˾ɱܳҶĿ, ȴҲԼ, ʧͷ, ޴ѭ
ݣɢȥ, Դ̽Ϣ, ٻصԼĲ̯šղޱֻ̯˴Ļ쳣ڿʣ˺ɢ, ͹, ̧ͷ, Ƽת, ¡
ôղޱʵ
ҡҡͷ, һֻյ, Լ˱, һ
ôĿĵңǰ취ղޱʦ֣ߣ
ȥĵط࣬˵ܹ֤ûɵ
ؽꡭûпȥˣղޱǴӽ굽ݣһ·δУҪлؽĴ㣬ϵġ
ǣתȥݣʵ
һɶأղޱǳ죬ֻжſƹʣҲܾݣػǨٵأݡ
ݣü΢΢һ
ôˣղޱɫ죬ʵ
ûʲôҡͷǾͰ˵ģȥ
ղޱ˵ͷ
뿪̯ɫ磬˳ȥһ࣬㵽ݡҹ̣;Ͷ٣ϰֻڴ齡
ղޱֵˮָ˶յ·Ӳʣֲǰԣǲݲݰ˼طһЪ¡
ɫѣδԵɣֻúϢ¥´ãŴԽ谵ɫػιһ˲㱡
ƣվߵ͸ȴԶִŤͷһֻƼһձվڽֿڣСģ
ûǮûǮվˣҲûǮǡ˵꣬һѱߡ
Ƴձӵݣͫ׼һҲֱһ˲תţȴձں溰񴣡ʲôιιιǲҪǮҶӣȥҪ
ԱĿһ˫߬ȭйһ㣬ٿɿŻת˹ȥ
ѵ壬䲻ȴҲݵ˶ԱС˴ˣҲһ񣬱ʵһӣŲ񰡡
λүǱģģⲻТӣѼǮȥ԰ڣⲻǲ𣿡ձƦƦ˵
Ƿ˶٣ɫ˵
ʮᡣһС˵
ƨձ˵ֻ˶ʮᣬһ¾ʮˣǮأ
н𣿡ˣǶСʵ
ȻˡС˲ͷͳһŽݣǰ˦Լ
ɿһ۽ϵ֣ÿá˵ͷΣ漴ͳһֵʮķǮɾݸңǮߡ
һС˸ͷЩС˼Ǯ۷Ź⣬ֱáûнݵ˼ջŷǮ֣ܿᡣ
߸С˼״㼴ӣͷΣ
Сһ˫̶شһ񴣬Ƴ彣æͬ˻ȥЦŵϽݣ
񴲻ԣһֽӹݣǽǮȥձȴֹСӣ㻹ô࡭
ÿһҪ໹ʮᡣޱƳձһۣʶ־ͲҪǩ֣ϡ԰գŽһţ˾飬ֽУ֮㻯Ϊ촷ۣƮɢС˼״һһԶ
񴿴ҲһۣתҪ߿
񴣬ձһסĸ첲ŵˣһˣô˶ӵģ֪֪Т˳ôд
㻹ǮҪΣƳһֽۣƿ˭֪ձ˾һƨڵϣſɤӺ
ӵִϵձһףᣬѾǸ
ǵⶪ𣿡ͣ½ŲޱƳһۣ
·˴Ծ׷׾ۼձ˵䣺˸ʲôǰˣ񷢴ˣԼϵҲҴ򡭡ѽǻʲô
ѽ˰·ԣ׷ۿ
һ˲ţȴĹΣҪֶӣǵûȲɡ
ЩԽɤӣڵһֱǺǺձ˵ȫſڴƻơʣ׼ʱң
·⻰׷׳˹
Сӣô˵ģձһ⻰һָͦ
öĳԡӣϻʲôû͸¶⣬㻹ծǲ뿴㱻˴ʬͷһҪ죬ûͬ˷ѹ򡣡԰գҲЩ·ָ㣬Ťͷߡ
̵ģСվסȫ׷ȥĵôТ˳ٸʮ᣿
̰ᣬ㵱ʲôƳһۣûǮ
㿴㣬ϻشʱ򣬷ⲻ֪ãôͱˣȫ
֪㣬ҲίС񴲻Ծ߬ȭ

ԣ
ղޱϷݲжŮҲֻһԸcpе½̵Ϸģչܿ죬ߣǵľҲƽãֱЩνӲϡ
·׶Σⲿֽļǵһ׶ΣߵС⣬ÿζcpϷһ½ңһδ߳ʮֵʱǺ߲ŮͬеϷݡ


140 . δɰ
̧˳Ƴ, ҹ֣һ֮ȴ·ų⡣
, , ûһһء
Ǯ͸ҹ, Ӵ˱ǰֶǮҧ, ֻôࡣٶ˵һ, 㱳֮߱, ҲҪ㡣
ҲУ㻹Ƿʮ, ŰȫǮ, ôһ仰, ҡ߿Ҳö࿴һۣ֪ȥ˶ķ, ԼҲ˼, 㵱Ǯ徻ҡҡͷƣĽŲصᡣ
߾þˣڵĻѷ˶ʰ˸ɾ񴾭ôһ, Ҳûʳ, Ҳδ˵ʲô, ת˿ͷ
ҹɫ, ڴ, շת, Űľ, 겻ǽͷݶ˫Ժ£л㱱¡ĸҲǸҹ㣬ȫƭ˽񴡣ȫöģ£һǮڶķһգ˱ؼҺȾƣȵ࣬Ҫ޶
һգȫΪ˶ʣӱҪȥ¥ܲˣŶӻҡ˭֪棬һˮ㽫óȥΪԼͺӣһ·ˣʲôֻۻɼ꣬ڽõĴ⣬档
ڱƼʴϻۣ£Ϥĸҵ
񴱾ΪԼսᣬȴΪһżȻί;ݣٴȫȫ׷ծΧŹֻʣһڣΪܸĹ£˶ծ
˭֪ɽ׸ģơվǴˡ
뵽˴ֻͷѡ
ҹҵƻϨ¹˼䣬ĵ¡Ҳ¹֮£˯ȥԲ£ȺѪת˲㽫һ˺ѿ񴿴ųѪȵһУȻȴͷĿ֪ѵ糿
񴣡ղޱĻ
ɻͷղޱҲݶס
һ㷿ûӦС֪⡣ղޱߵǰϸһɫܲС˵ִʲôˣ
ûʲôȫǵ£ʵڲֵΪҡҡͷ
û£ղޱüĿɣƽʱֲô˵ôͬ˳ʲôǮǮģŪ˶ˣ
ûСҡҡͷĿж
˵ˡղޱһֱͬԼһǸ޸ĸĹ¶ôҲ벻Ǹ˵ΪֻЩΪС£㲻׷ʡ
ݣԾǷͷж̽ϢδȫǶĹҲܿ˶ķ磬ƻ𣬱˰յ˵·Ե£ܹ˿һĴ㣬ǰȴͻȻŶ̿㣬ģˣȥ·ס
һöСúƵԴϳһϳĵüŰݣɵʵ㣬ǲΣ
˭΢΢üʵ
Ǽȥ͵ѡü˵㲻Ǽϰ壬ʮ綦Ѱ£һ仰
𣿡񴵭ɨһۣһ˼һָʾ⼸·֪Դǲɾţ˵ˣôҲÿ«ʲôҩ㲻ɫȥˡ
һ˽ȥϵһլǰ˼տ˾סϾɷݣеǽլԺŶң顰֣ӣĳ˼ҵıԷ
Ŵ˾ս彣
ƿţȥǰֻһͷ»ˡ˵ģԼĪʮ꣬룬һ˽ߵȣ滹Ϻõս
Ǽˡüܵӱײƹ񡣡
һ֣ɫһĮĳƹ񡣡
ײҡȴ񴣿ŵĵ֮⣬Ϊĺ󱲡
ƹޣ񴵭֪ƹӺδĳˣкιɣ
˵ײ½һϣڶߣ˼֮״һؽһãָſڣһԵС˵ԶԶԣ˸Ҵ
һ˿ԤУת⣬ȴСѺһϵȫ˽
ɣײ֮ɫ
ҧһԲĿɿȫɨιһ˿⡣
ӣɲֵܹȫһװ˵ж񣬡ϾۼֵǮģҲֻˡ
˵ʲôŭĿ֮
˵ʲôײ¹ЦƽأҲÿֵֵ
񴾪첻ѣһŤͷײ£ֻСͳһ۵ķֽ㣬չ˻εǩӵˣ𣿡
ͬ˹ϵǩԼҺθɣ˵űתҪߣȴ
ŹƨСӿμ׵ģ˵ɶţȫ
ֻֽıʼӡסҡ˵ţתһ·֮ˣȴǰιһӰرһݸ߸ߣͷɢˡ
æײºٺЦţ۵ɭɭĹ⣬ǸӡڲҲü
ͷɢĹ⻰ָ̽ͷ״˿ɿɨһΡأȫǲعܵģǷͷײ£ҲֻŲƴ˱ҲǸռӣֵ⡣
ֻǰͷɢĹˣΨһĸ֡
ЦţٶȷƹƷ羢ЮŴ̶ХԽʸڼ䣬бϷšɾȥ˳ưνɨ䡣
ײбβ࣬Ŷභ˵β̣ɵõЩСӿɻҶƽǶһָͷҶ۵ġ
βһԣٿһͬʱŴͬʱϹ졣󾪣ȴ޴ܣֻûӽһʱβ̷Ծٶȳ񴱾ܼˣȴһ֧ķѲдż磬̵һҲδ͸Ƕƫѹס첲̧
ʱβȴתƷ棬һб£ͷ񴲻ƺߣ͵ŻһѪϥڵء
ã죡죡ײæüͽȥ
ҧ翹ȴԾ޷ֹ޷ж֣պŵѪԼϰӡ
øҿײ¼ѣæ˫֣кͰԼУϲ̿һ飬ջС
̧ۣ֪ʱ۵ѲѪ˿һȾɺ졣
ѽ⣬ҲֶΣֵģЩ˼ôܵأײϲʤͲ
ȫŴ˾˴֣ڨЦʵƹ⡭ǷǮ
ٲߣӿҪˡײ»ϲУмСɫֻ˰֡
ȫ׿ϣæ¡ľȻŴ˾еĹҲϨһʱ֮䣬ҡ
Ȱȥײϲ̵һΣ²β̰ͿˣúȰȰͬҶŸɣû


141 . һϦδ˥
ֱ, ղޱŻصᡣ
һ죬ò״һò޷ǡң˼ΪƵŮٽأ̸Ϣ, Ȼõ, ûлӦ, ת¥ѯʣ֪һ춼δعᡣ
ſͷǰ, һֱȵҹû, ¥»ҹ, ¥һסʵǲңͬеλִ
ǻƱһ, ðŻع, ˵ͷ
˳ʲôˣǷǮֲ, ôȥծأղޱ׷ʵ
ôߴߴأϸ, , 񡭡ԷǸͷԣԲԣ˵
˵ʲôиղޱ󾪣ô֪
һĶ֪, ô֪ưһ, 
ղޱü˼, ϻںʱ, תѰ, ݡֺ, ӦΪ, ǶǻʵǸǸִͬˣʲô
ʮüɡͷձáû塣
¿϶ԾղޱɿƣŽգȥԺǽ߳һ·ͣһ㶣ձôҵȥҸձˣ
ղޱ˼ڤ룬һһƵ԰ôû뵽أǷǮģǶĹǲӣȥطҲ͵ˣ
ʱҹҹжɢϿտյֻдŵƣ߹ҼҲţֻжķͨţղޱձ¸²زȻҹ޷̽вҩ̵Σֻȥķ
ݳֵдķλãдһҼ˹ȥߵʱûվȣϡһһͷ㿴źµĴ˸ͷС˳ϸһƣƫôɣǸձˡ
ղޱâǰʵ壬հ
ɡȫηηŲŲ
ǲΪûǮˣղޱֶ֪ͽǼǮۿ֮ˣͳһͭǮʲôЩҶ㡣
աʲôȫһͭǮ˿ڿˮա
ǰɣûˡղޱͭǮߡ
ȫֵǮҪߣæס飬ҵʲôŸ
Ҳ㣬ʲôûáղޱ
ҲΣȫǵģǮϡ
ΣղޱŲһͣͷΣ
ΣŵĻҪҪȥٸ黧ȫ˸۵
㡭ûкӣղޱ
аûˡȫ֪ͬУһʱûܷӦʶ˵ʵ
ˣղޱ
ˡȫӷĸ첲ʦЩ򣬲Т˳𣿰ѽ˻ֵǮȻܻ
Ҷղޱʱŭǰȥ½Ūȥˣ
𡭡ȫʶΪҪ򣬲͵һȻһȴعζʵȻϵҶӣ
˵˵ղޱɫһ˵Ҿʹȣ
ȫö֮ˣʲôԣһҪ̱ײ¹˳
ղޱʳԷλǸȫȭſڵزܶȥ
ƫԺԷһַҼŴõƣڴͷݽǷ
ײԼ֣ߣҲֻĴأüգʵ塣ǴˣײµҲ֪һ㣬ԲδϷأֻ˼ŵСڱԷĴſڡ
쵽ĸʱͻȻ⴫Ų㼴ѣߵǰδſ򣬱ű˴߿һһղޱ
ô°鷳Ҳ˵񴿪ڣղޱ㿪֪𣿶ĸˣҶôЩ·ԺҪʲôëΨʣ
⻰˺һŻعæһӣʾ˵
ղޱϷţ̧ŭ˵ô£
̾˿㲻Ƕ֪𣿡
֪ƨղޱһڣǸô£ǰôû˵
öĳԣƣϰѸģʹߡ˵⻰ʱƽ·˵˵ľԼ޹أұʦδҹ
ûҹղޱݺݷ˸ۣأ
ǰЩΪһίУ·ݣ˵Ϊ֪ܸģһζծ˭֪㱻ˣҲû뵽һξᡭ
Ǹ׳𣿡ղޱֳһ澵ӱͷȥ֮״¾ǸΣҲֻڵȻһٶȴǣҼ˿ڣȥһ
ˣղޱ¾ӣŻʵ
һͷûд𻰡
֪ô£ղޱƽҲͻ࣬ȫڶķ˴˵ԼãϴľȻ˭ҸˣǶƽǮ˽ʦ㶼һõó˵⻰ָǰ˱ȣһ²ģֻ޲̸һ⡣
ͷЩ£Ѿ֪ˡ
֪ˣ֪⸱ģղޱһѣֱƵһ˼վȡ
ָָҡ˰죬űߵĻҲô࣬ûˣ̸ߡײ¾ͲǸöаŮ޶ĭӶܰ˵ţקĸ첲ϡ
ѳˣ֣ͳײ˾֣ԼҵӡҴӴҲؽ꣬һջᱻ
ղޱ̧ɤŭ˻
ˣҡͷƽһܶһ𣿾ܣԼڣҲûδԣ߻ߣк𣿡
Ҳܡ
񴿴һղޱǸȴֻҡͷ
Ҳǵģлֱ˵ңһܰ㰡ղޱֻּ޲úݺһ٣ȻһƼ԰㲵ݣ־²ȥ֣ξȭͷ
£Լģû뵽һ۵׷죬Ƿ޴йֻǿѹĵףβηӿһһ˺顣
ôһǽָô죿ղޱֱţһʱûܿס־һľͷ
˿ľ飬Ťͷһ񴣬һʱ֪˵ʲôá
һȥײ£˵ͷ飬Ի˳ʦţ˵Ψһˡ
ղޱӣӴ˸ǻ˶ࣿҿ㣡
ҡͷǷӹһ˿ɬ˵ˣԹ˭԰գ㼴ߵǰȣղޱǻ֪ͬУԼǣؿҾͺá
ҵšղޱݺݵһۣͷҲؿżʧҹɫſȥԭƽ飬Ȼ

ԣ
cpʵܿȻҺڶ̫Եжĸ̺Ҹ


142 . ̾糾
ղޱԾǿ, ״˿ûõ뷨ԽԽ¡
Ѱ̽Ѷ֮, Ǽ, ŸѧԽͬ, һίеӶ˵Ҳ£۶͡
˱Ͼ, лһʱҪճƽ, Щѡ
οֶ˵, ʦ˵Ͼ߹һ, ص, ܹ黹Ҫ˵, Ҫ˭á
˼, ֻ, ȥײµլۡͼԼ͵Ȼȵ׼ǰȴѵ, ۼҪ, ٴη, ֻʱ, лصЪϢ
, һҹδߡһҵǰС, , ײԷ̸
Ѿͨˡײ½ӹС˵Ĳյƴ
ͷЩδɣûпһС˵Ĳ裬µʱ䣬Щ£Ի㡣
̸ͬײЦˡֱԣ㴦»ûʸ˵Щ
ƹһԸ˷ʱ䡣ʼղϣסңҲ޷õʲôĽƹԣѵҲһʧ𣿡ʼƽ˵ţȻȴͷβδƹһۡ
ô˵еײ¹˼֮״Ƭ̺󣬷вյã졣
ղ񴵭
ΣײתͷƤЦⲻЦ
¡
ʮաײµ㲻˷ҵʱ䡣
һ¡˵ڴˣһҲͬ
Ǿһ°ɡײΪ֮״˭ѵõ˲ţдҲֻԸˡ
Ĭȥ
һº㲻Ҳзѡײ»Ǹʱӣ¾ûôùˡ
̧֪żԶ
߳ţ̧գƵı̿գֻһжڻɫʣʱ䲻࣬ӿ첽ص˿ᣬߵղޱסĿͷ⣬Ƭ̣ߵ˷š
˻Ӧһü˺һţֵ˵ȣȴڴڵϵ졣Ψ⣬ֻðţȴղޱڴϣһԧᣬǰʰ𣬷ϣ漴ߵߣ̽̽ͷȴһƬ̡
ޱһæܳͷƴˮֽȥȥҽʦëˮšɵɷС飬ղޱǰһŰʣڴߡ
Ӳʣα֡ղޱͨȵְûڣ֪ˣǰ͸ͬѻ˵
ղޱԺĻ죬ȴκʶڴ
Ҫʲô񴱾֣ȴһסرһƬհס
ղޱ֪Ĵڣپ°ࡣ
û˿ֵ˼һʱֻţڴߣĶԼĪһĹ򣬵ĻҽʦΪ˵²Ϲ£˼ķӡ񴱾ǰȥץҩȴ֪ղޱָģֻڻƴͣԼߣ
󣬻ƽõҩ˹лҩû˳ţʵЩ𣿿Ҫҩ˯
ղޱлĻӦһҩ룬ëٴ̽̽ͷе¶Ƚ£һĲ𣿡
ڡûղޱڴͷ˵ǲͬݳǰֲϣôһôù
ЩҩһҶ𣬱ۡ
Ǹײ£ôͬģղޱס
ͬԼٸһµʱ䡣Ȼ
һ£ٹһǾͷֵ𣿡ղޱҧ޺˵ôôأ
µҲûİ취û㡣
ôôӲأԼҲ⣬ΪҪ˳Ӧǣղޱ˵𣿡
ʲôɲĵģҡͷЦ
ƽʱЦʱЦ˭أղޱҧݺһۣҷǣʲô¶Լʲô𣿡
㣿񴲻һ㶡
ô˵Ҳʦ㣬͵㡣ղޱ书ãҲ곤ҵĻԼ£ͲӦã
ҡͷһЦɷſɬ
Цʲôղޱû
ûʲôҡҡͷ˵ֻǴǰûô˵
Ǳͬ˵ʲôղޱʵ
Ҳ֪@ʲôԣ񴵭Цûʰ̯ӣ㲻ˡ
ⳤϾƫģղޱ߷ߵ@ʲôᣬ͵տƾʲôƾʲôʲô᣿곤㣬͸ѧ͸ʲôᣡҸ㣬ҹܶˣǻһҸ취
գֻһůӿ΢Цлл㡣
ղޱ⻰ֿ˿飬ظеһᣬҩһֽӹһʵιҪô˵Ļǲǲݱ䵽ز
˵ʲôҲûˣҡҡͷԽԹ԰ͷ¡ҿ㱣֤ԺұʲôҲ˺Щʶ˵ţ㼴߳ȥ
ղޱ˵Щѹ֣߳ź󣬱ҴһԼУϷţſĿ
СͬʦڣһֱڸģǵΣȴδ˸߹ʲôֵʲôչˡղޱ˵ҪԴϻЩȴûĻ׹¿࣬ϰһеС
ղޱͬţ٣ַͬڣӭ澭Ҳֻǵͷ֮ƫƫһλͷ֮ʦ㣬ȴⳡԼֵ֮ǰӭͷϣŻ˵Ҫܶ¡
ǻ֮ǿŴδģȴƫƫⲻʱ˵ʱ˼ԣҲ޷ͻļ¶֮ڿڡ񴱳ţ˫Ŀأ鲻֪ǿЦãظеɣڵءһҹδߣղޱգ˴˿̣Ȼƣߣ֪˯˹ȥ


143 . ͤ
ĺб, һߺƽһĨûڰ񴻺˫ۣ͸϶ȥ, ֪Լѻ˯˴ավ, ӿԺıղޱӰ, ã, ȥڿͷ
Ŵ󿪣¶پ, Ž, ɨһŷڿһ, ֮ǰϵǶԧҲӰӡµʱӿһ󾪾, Ҳ, ʱתţ׼լۡ
벻, ղޱв, ӽָȡ˫׼ҴԺ⣬Ծǽͷ, ǽԺڡ
ǽ, Ժһ, ʱɵۡ׵, ۽δ, ߶һ, в֡լﲻԺƫԺ, ˰أЩ֮ˣһ֪ӣԷϡɢҵĿضԱ
ղޱипǮʹĥ˼ǸݰֻҪϻǮȱ˱
ؿ֮£һˣ˵ԼԺ綼ѡ
ղޱҧҧǰʱԣȻؿᣬ취ȻһͷȴƼһӳһߵŷԺΧǽ֮£Ǽúÿ˵ˣݲ̫ƽδ̿Ϯÿһ䶼ܰѿأһֻӬŽû
ǣش
һֻӬŽʲôղޱҧ룬һ׵Ĺסĵ˽լǻʹ
·ֲ뾪˼֣ǽ߿ۼһм˵Ŀݣ뿪ֻʱ˽ȥŴԺжδʱ룬һֱȵƻ衣
ɫԺֲղޱַŶͷԾץ˼£½ײ·ȥ飬ͬʱҲΪԼĳɰûڲѡʱǽżˣֻҪֹ칻ݣȵԮǰߣҲͲεľء
˼ȥΪԼ̫ҵԼˡһγֱ˷֣»ضԷķֻܣԭܷԼпܱǿǵþߣпܴĿġ
ͬʱҲ׼Ҵլǰ
ӴʲôˣǰģսȥüҶۺӸɨһۣ˵ҪҪô쵽ˣ
񴲻ԣĿԴڰĴԺԺѲ˿춯а룬²ղޱûδΪβؿ᣿˼㰲Ƿ˵ͱ˲Ѳȡж˻ãûߣ¡
룬ƫƫ⣬ֲҶ˵ֻΪǰһյ˦ӣԼȴײ´һƺƵصլԺǰ
ӴˣײҡŽСȣôţͻȻͨˣ
Ƕ˵𣿡񴵭뷴ڣ
Ȼǣײһ֣Ϊ˵˵һ¶ѣӵȵ𡣲Ȼˣȥ
񴲻ԣż߽Ժ
㶮أСҶл
飬ײ£ȣһô⡣
⻰ŲٿһͣͷƳײ£۵ӿɱ⣬ȴδһԡ
ʱղޱԱںԺ׼լۡ˼ֻײݵľռʮĶǰԺԶŶ
ղޱڶ˰գ鲻ѣֻ˵䣬վȣ滺Ѳ߶ĽŲ֪ȥֻԽԽ㣬زֻƴһսһ˳ȥ
ײ¹ƴ֣һԺӵжʮˡЩƼղޱվڿǰһʱ֮䶼˹ȵʲôˣҴ
ֲǻʹԺʲôҴģղޱ˵ţ˫ᣬɨȥ״׷׾Χ
ԧᣬűļʮ棬ղޱϰศɣ߰˷ܻûǧ䣬ȻײĶԺӵĴ֣ӿǰ·µˮйͨûпյʩչ
ղޱһɱУ˫תƺرΪֻʹ֣׼һпɳ˵ļ϶ݳ꽻٣·һױ֮߿䲻ݷ޷ʩչȫֲʮغϹȻŵˡȴʱǰٿȻɢһģһӰǰΪһ塣
ԼۣһƣֻվǰģֻһˣʣµľǷֵĻĻˣ
˭ղޱ˺ȴ㵿ǰǸˣȻֳһģһˣͬʱ䳯ǰö̵ĺɫСڣת˲ΪһˡһʮѸۼɱϡղޱʶһڣȴ©䲻еһʹ
ͬʱд̿븮ϢҲż͵ĸߺǰǰáײһûһȴʼյղޱĴ±м尾һ⺰ᵽɤۣɷ˵㱼ǰֱ·һԺƼһﻤղޱŰΧΡ
񴼱ǰ̫ܵһЩסΣһݲԾղޱԣһѽ˹ὣǰ


144 . 缸
Ҿ̽̽ʵ, ûçײ¡ղޱ˿ڣͷС³֡
֪񴻰, ΨֶԷٷ, 㼴ǰһ, ղޱǰס
ײ²߽СԺ, ҡǰŪ˰, ԭԼ, ˰ˣһС, Ϊ˼ʲô
˭Լˣղޱʹ, ޳ܵĶ
Ӵ, Сˣݵ, ײ´ղޱ, ˸ѵĹ⣬
⡣üһ
ղޱҪ˵ȴ¾ʹֹ, һǰԵ״, ڻ, ס, ʵŵס𣿡
Ӱ˫, ôµģС۵ġײºٺЦ, ǰ, 㿴ⲻǲ֪Ժﻹпշ͸ɨһĳ˿϶óԺúźţ
أ£Ҵߡ񴽫ղޱᱧ𣬸Ը࿴׵һۡ
ӴƲѷءײ´һ֣˵˵ÿ˵ţüÿһҲ֪ǳں˼һ롱ơ
񴲻ԣֻǱղޱ뿪
Ӱ˫ƵƮײ󣬴öԶȥĿڣƹȻѾͷΪβ¡
ͷô£ײ԰գĿȻ䡣
˿̵񴣬һ˼ղޱϣûȥײµĿġղޱؿ᷿з£ƻһգƼѱѪȾ졣
ǰе̣þȡղޱˣ˲ѪȻҲ̧ҡ
䷭ذףߵ£ƽȴؽסֻƼ˴ؿڣҪȡȻҪ⿪
Ůбð
Ÿղޱ۵ֱð亹ֻ֪֪֪֪Ҫ˵ȥ˭֪㿴ӣ
üԽҲ˲ֻղޱԣһ⿪Сȥ˿ΧѪŰ׾ļѪģֻĲ֪šһţ۵üϢ
ƽذףղޱ˿ڴļٿش˽ȥ
ղޱԺҪ˯ȥر˿ڴһĴʹУʹ״æְͷɷ˵ѹ˻ȥذ׼˴һСڷղޱһĲҽУײ࣬ȥ
лذ׵ٿһɣذ֮䣬ڴصһ˳ȥڵϡ
˿ٴӿѪ״̻عȡҩ˿ڣ÷ҳԭ򵥵˹̣ȴޱȣÿʱÿ̶һм尾ȵһкĶǰҲϸܵĺ飬漴ղޱϡ
ղޱ˯ȥϢҲƽȣڷŴţڵϣ˫ֱͷͨ죬
ֻΪԼڼǰһʹĺﺮףǷ̵úܡʹ˷УղޱͬĲóݰһȥˣﻹЩԽţԽ𣬺޲ղޱⰵʹ
ͷ˿ڱδղޱһ·һȻѣѪľȻҼ磬ؿЦ˼ҲûҲ
֪˶ãȻһĺ񴡭
в֪ĳٿرæ鿴ղޱΣۣһֻڴغæס֣˵ڡ
㡭Ҫߡղޱ΢Ҳܡ
úϢΪҵˡ۲ѣǰɢϸ鷢˿˳
ҪǡǸ쵰Ҿȥҷⳤϸ״ղޱ˵ͼӴף༸˰ץ
ޱ־ǼЩ
ʦ㣬ҵġղޱ˵ţȻҿʱæȥԵ˱ˮתȴֻ˯˹ȥ
Ŵɱ΢΢һͣղޱ㲵ݣ޳۽ޣҲһݡ
һжƴһػǰŮӣǧٴΣҲԹ޻ڡ
ֱ£ճŴߵ棬ӳӰӣϳϳ
괽΢΢һطһ˿Ц
񴿴һҹӰӣǰ²סлݣ侲رڽɳЩղޱ龰
ͬţȴԭȥϻʯָʾթ˶βһ֮⣬һνᣬǰ¡
ֻʮ꣬ΪίгУʱնЭʦ@ǲϽĶʱһǽ@Ҳúܣ˸򵥲ϵСܳȥίк˺üղŻؽ꣬ȴײղޱù׷@Ժܡ
ղޱڣ@˵ֲϵʮˣûûأһʲôӣԼҲ轻ֻǰ裬ȴ˱ղޱһ٣˵ͬ@ܶ켣һⱲӶʲôָֻܴ۵Сۣһ
ʱԼĪǨŭʵڲһֱôֺγһҸ
뼰˴¸пסղޱ֣ȴָ£ۣġ
һޱ
ڡھͺáղޱૡ
οᣬȴҲɿ֡ʱ֮䣬УⱾɫ𽥻öͣһ̣ԡ
ֻʱͣһ̣̫𣬾ֻ򵥵֣Ȼ㹻
ҹɫ
ڴ߰ϣŴͷ˯ȥȴղޱѣֱӣŷղޱûƵģӣһʱ֮䣬ס
ǲưոݵģǵøϽߡղޱ˵ʦأأأ⼸ңһջ񡣶ڣ˵µİ취֡
ңһ㶣£ԭ޹ء
ѽʦܣôָղޱ´һѣ죬²˳٣ǹ׷
ͷһͬ¥˿ͷ߳š˭֪û߶ԶƼȺɢϸײ´Ӱ˫βһﻤƺƵ
ߡղޱ֣δתȻײ´Χ
ѽȥĶأײµŽȣȺⲽһҹʵǾźҹСһ棬ûü֣ˣϧ
вգղޱҲղޱָб½ɱңҴŻᣬȻһҪж˿飡
С⻰ɷҲײºٺЦȻˣվֻðˡ
ײ£㵽زã񴻤סղޱǰһüʵ
ҿˣȻҪãײһֵ̯˵˸һ£͸һ£ֻҪ룬ھܿߣֲ㡣
˵ղޱ嶯ǰȴһ˻
ǲˡײЦԽҲѹ֣ƯСӣȻҪȤɣǸɴһɱˣһɣҲŹСӣΣ
ô򵥣һҡҡͷ
ԬˮϵĶ֣Ըˣ򵥵úܡײҿɴⱾ⣬ǵһΣɲҪᡣ
Աұ¸߳˻в٣αطҪȥ£鵭Į̸
񴣬ϻɱȥղޱС
һף彣ȻʣС
գ
˲ΪʤֻΪѰÿյͻΧ񴿴׼϶һնһǿ˺һѿڣ§ղޱݲȺһ·У;һǰһƥͷһŴķǮԣ˩ղޱȥ
ղޱʶ֣ȴҡҡͷ
ҪղޱԲۡ
˵ңģĿϿңε۵׺ЩΣ£ƾһ
ɰ㶪ǡ
һҪҵ˵һ·ģҵĺϢ
Ѳ㻹ҪղޱĻδ꣬µѱ񴷴һƨɣȿ񱼳⡣
ղޱ󾪻ͷȴתӭײµ׷ֻýһᣬ񱼣һֱš


145 . ܳ
ʪ, 
һϮ¿㣬ֽžʯǽࡣȥҼ, ¡˫, ˼˿, ƤⷭɢŨصѪͷ, ֫סɢľʹ֮Уǰһ, ̧۱㿴Ӱ˫β̶˸ײ˽
ѽѽ, ô˳ײ¹̬֮βͷݺһ, ָ˵, 㿴, ⸱ģϻת, Ļȥɱأ
ƹ, ҵиӡӰ˫˾Ӱ书ȴʹ
˵˵ײµ
ԵȡӰ˫˵, 㼴򿪰δ˳ȥ, һ, ֻת, ж˼öͭ
Ƴ, ʱһ˿ԤС
Ӱ˫һöͭ, ߵǰ, һǣպˮƤ޳Ҳкһ֪ǵζ
⡣ĿԴΪм
Ӱ˫ԣһöͭ׼ұۣ˽ȥͭ͸Ƥ⣬ԴУĦپһĵʹдȫҧأͷ߳亹
ӴĲءײ¿ϷƵĴչԴȻúš
ȥĻ
ҿܳŶáײµ
Ӱ˫編ƣһöͭۡԼԼ˹Ƥѵ죬ֻ¶Ҫɢһ㣬ȴԾɲһųܵʹҧ顣
˵ҲΪԼ룬ģٺ¶ûܹαأúøңԿġײµ
ͷڴϢţͼȴɲ϶࿴һۡϵ£ѱˮʪ͸ϡ
Ӱ˫΢΢Ʋãʣµͭ˫ȡֻϥӶȻ׹ȥק֮ʣڰգٶȻ˫۵Ĵˣڶξʹ
˫ȭþһ˿Ϣ֫ͭڣöͭವһͬʱȳ⣬ڵϡ
Ӱ˫˺һƳһڵϵöͭײ¿ɵָۣβʵ˳ͣ
βĿɿɨһνˣҪб£Ҳᱻס
ããײɫ䣬˵û£˿ѾǶˣͺúܰɣ㻹ܳŶã˵ţһչȣСת߳Ρ
񴴹ŵ棬ڵϵĹӰʯŵĹرգһխϸ죬볹׵ĺڰУ˫ۡ
ղޱʱڴº룬־ϣԽã㻹δѲڡȴģֻΪһĿǳ׵Ķ䡣·һֱշһ㣬вºڰԨ
߰ǰֻò֪ԵʴڣʱﺮͬʦֵܽãҲǺӣղޱʱԺΪѵһźüֵܽ׷ֻӣͼץ
ϲ֣ںͯԣȴҲվǽ
Сӣģղޱɹסӣץֱֱֻ
ó鶯űӣ
ʦ㣬ӧԴ˵ǡ
ôʣ˰ɣʱǸСӵ@˵
֪ԣղޱ@һۣٷҲûʣ㻹ࡣҪ
ʲôģֻ˼ꡣ@֮ԱǣСӡ
˵ʲôղޱתҪӶҲʶɿڵϣûƵıȴɲɣһͷײȥڵǽ£ˤ˸ͷ
温Ѱñ
Ҹңղޱ˹ȥɷ˵ãתԶ
ֻôˣ

Եʣָһڵӽ٣ֻϡǵ֮󣬳һʼļ£ٿղޱֻñ
ͬһ£赽ֵزȻ
һΣԼûл̤һѾ֪ղޱֻ׺ȴǲ顣
û⣬񴣬ĵգҲ֪Ǹĺ
ϴӹԶ죬
ؽͷ䣬޷ӵңͷڿĴ·ϣܣпЩȻ徻˺ܶࡣϻڶظǸͷʩǰˣ׷Ҳδҵõǡ
ʵһֱ룬ǲѾ˽ꣿңü΢ϸϸ˼ɽǰҽҵشؽȥ
⻰֮ǰôû˵޷ʵ
ΪҾܾˡңգգۣҾ־֮£Ȼص겻Ǻʱ㲻Ҳô𣿡
޷ľȻ˵ͷһȻҡͷס
ҲԽԽòӦã֮ǰ˵׷ɱǶҲ֪ܵǵĶ򣬿мһԴ˽ķӣҲǣô죿
е޷üˡ
ô죿·ؽ𣿡ңû֪ǵ٣͵͵ȥӦ¡
޷ԣ˼ȴȻϷOO@@
˲Լ̧ͬͷȴһëż㳯ͷƮңۼֿ죬ֽż㣬չһؼҶվڲԶݶ֮ϣŶˡ
ô޷һˣ㲻ζûüôһ£㱻ңһѣŤͷһŷѲŷֽ㿴ꡣ
ǰңüĽżݸ֪˭ŻҪɱһԬˮˣָҪõѧԴɱˣ޻á
ʲô޷ǽӹֽ㿴һۣɫ䣬̧ͷʱȴѲҶӰ
ԬˮǺˣңʵ
롭޷Ƿڤ룬ãءŶһ˵Ǹ֮ˡǾ¥̻ף˵Сسǣ󵽳µʳƼҡ
ΪʲôҪɱˣҪõ壿ңѡ
޷ҡͷһ̯ΪǺܹŹ֡ƫƫʱһɡ
̵йأӦǹغݰɣң
ֵõˡ޷ǳ̾һȥҵԬˮ룬ñ֤ܻšȻ
Ҫôң
֮ˣжɲ飬ҡ޷ǵ˵ţ㽫ֽ𣬴뻳С
˺ܿ̽ϢҵԬˮ֮ͨ¼Ҷϰ
ԬˮӼҶнӹչһȴмһֽ㣬ǷⰵüͷϸͰϵ֣ĬãҶʾ⣬˽
ҶӦ߿ԬˮҲվߵߣһֵ̾ĺӡǺþò
֮ˣ뽭ϸȴ˼ʢ޷죬޷Ҳȫޱܻ䣬ڰ֮ϣ˱򵥶˽
ɼҶָԺУֻһݿͶغ곤԰֮УԬˮɡԬˮ˶ˣĿ޷϶סʱ֮䣬ǵطӹ죬棬̾οãԵ벻ŮվǼ֡


146 . ﶯɫ
Ԭ᳤, ޷ǵҸңδ׼ҽס
Ԭˮƶ, , , ֱһģӿ̳ġ
޷סԬ᳤˵ǡ
󣬰ӢԬˮ
޷, ס, ع, ʵԬ᳤ϵüҸϵ常
ɽǼ£Ҳж, ԩ㣿ԬˮԼ, ͥⲽ, ǡǡ
ô˵, 嫳ĻҲȫУңȻ, ˵Ů޷Ǵȥݣ˽иʵΪǰŮĶӣ, ôϵǵģ
ɾ˵, Ԭˮк԰ʯ, ˮ, ȥ, 󷽵, Ǹ, ȴϲύѣʱ򣬹˼书ǿĻĴҲǻԵɺϣʶ׹
ȶ˿ڣ˵ңǶҲѦׯΧˣ֮ţԭԭڣѵѵáԬĳ֮꣬ü֮ӣҲȣȰ
޷Ǽ˸Ө⣬òײŻعζԵ˵ͷ
˵˵ⰵɡԬˮеİ̯ʯϣ޷ʵôҵҵģ
ҲǻԵɺϣָõⰵ޷һ˵ţһ˼ԴɽϣָΪ󣬱һֱò̫ƽⰵ֪ıԬ᳤޻ʦţǰݷãһǲԬ᳤ΪҲЩΪҪô
ŶԬˮڻ˵Уֱ˿̲Żعңͷʩôλǡˣ
ţ޷ǿһңһɣ˵ͷ
ҽң֮Уҵ֡ңݸʵԬ᳤ҲôˡǹʽҲܿ޷ǵݣݵҪ£óȥ֪ˣֻǼɵԬ᳤жǲϢϵļıһóѣԬ᳤ҲᱻָΪħͬɾʱ޷ȫһѴ֮
öļıöġԬˮпϷǲס˵ӢˣĲ࣬룬λʶġƲģƣ̵ʥӤ𣿡
Ұ½ǼϻȪ·Ȼ޲˲źá޷ҡͷЦôܰҿѣ
˵ҲǡԬˮͷλܷģԬĳ֪£պػ⣬˵óѡҪ֤ʵݣϷɳƴǡ
ҵ嫳֮ǰĻδ޷ǵϾҲûж֪ʶ
Ԭˮ⻰̾ͷȷˣ㿴Ҫ£ûЩ򰡡
ʱ·ҶȴͻȻ˽Ԭˮ᳤ݷá
ǺǰаԬˮ±յ
ûаλ˵ҪɱġҶ˵
ĹԬˮĿ¶ɻ
û˵ʵҶ˵ţĿⲻԾƳˣӦλġ
ҵģ޷ָԼдĪ
ԡҶͷ˵ҵ˶λ֮ȴǵĻ˵δʧǣ˵иײµҪɱҼˣ˵˵ʦѣȥˡ
᲻ǲޱң޷ǣ
Խе²򵥣һ߳ȥ鿴ղޱվ⣬ⲽһ˳̱㱼ǰȥһѱסңſǻ˵ҵˡ
˭鷳ˣ޷ʵ
ǰ񴣡ղޱǣȴݡ
ż˵Ԭˮ뵽Ƿⰵҡҡͷ¿²򵥡
ղޱΣֻø漸˻ص԰£Ժмţ޾ϸ֪ˡ
޷ĻָöǣȻղޱʵ֪ǰЩӣ·ɱ֮֯һⰵָҪɱԬ᳤ټ޻ˣ
£ղޱ˵
ǰʱǰǰҲ˵ûҵʵ˽ɱԱ뷽跨Ҹõĵд̡޷ǵǣײһˣôõϵϢ
ޱǲ˵ǸӰ˫˶õİǰ㶼δң򣬡Ƕ޳֮֡ҼǵҶ߹ң޳ֻǸţֹһˡ
ǾͲˣ޳²ݹϽɱֵʹߣӴɱཻѰҲûǵֶΡ˿Ӱ˫Ǹͽôײµߣ£
Ҫô˵Ļ鲻鷳𣿡ղޱָƲƲҲ֪᲻ᱻĥ
Һ񡭡˵ˣ޷˼ãڵײ£ںӱϣòǿˣȴаתƣ˿ɾˡ
Ҳô鷳չԻȥ֪λʣǰд̱ǣԬˮʱҿ跨ƭԼҲһһ䡣
ף޷ҡͷɫ˵Կηʱ֤ʵֻΪ˶ĿҥѴʵǧ
ǲû취ƭҲУǿҲСղޱ֪ˣҾͲðݡ
һ£֮⣬ýǸȫ޷ǵٵ𴦽ԼûаӡּԼͬЧ
׾ΪԼˡղޱ
ӲҲܴӦд̡ңһ˼ǲֻɱԡûʲô취棬ٽЮ֣
ҵи⡣Ԭˮ
˵ղޱ
ײµ˽ԹӦԴݶſڵһҾ¥Ԭˮԭ׼УӪһֱⳡϣЩ⺦ңʹ˸ƲߣǼҾ¥˭֪浽ȴϣײҲʮֺڣĨ˵˵ʱ̸ʱҪ̫ͣҪһͬӪǼҾ¥죬ҵȻϡٺͬʱһ棬ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬø˭֪ǻصϣҲ̳ģ㵽ɢҥԣ˵ڲ档һȥҲԽԽ
Ԭ᳤˼ǣ޷üʵ
һ¥֮Ϊݳİٻɣٻи¥̨̨߲㣬ż߿ժ¡һ棬漰ⳡϵ£ὫЩż䣬ֻ⡣Ԭˮ
ˣ̰֮ǰһɣ޷ǵ粻Ǳָΰס
¥Ͳ˽ţͺ𣿡ң
ٻиŮԬˮ
Ǻð죬֡ң
Ԭ᳤ͻȻãײ²𣿡ղޱ
ǵᣬٻǴ棬˶꣬ҴбǴȥ°ٻɣỳɡ
µֻ취ˣ޷ɫأֻһΣʧ֡
Ҳ˽ţʵڲУɱײ¡ңЩӥȮ߹ֻнǮϵֻҪײһغ˭
취ǿУֻһҪ޷˵ţĿתңʵײ»߷³ҪŮ͵װ㹻񣬲Ųᱻϳ
óĻδؿóңݸŶҽʱԬ᳤ҸͷڵֻҪһϣֻһʱ̵ĹҾܰ¡

ԣ
cpһͦϲģԿֻؼ鲿֣Ӱ첻ر ᣬѾдˣ壩ʮֽ Ļسˣ һⱾдŮɱķģŰһ޷ǣӲŰҪʲôأ һ¸λ׷ĵֵܽøҰۡ뿴²Ľɫٺ١


147 . ɳ
ٻ, ˳ݵһľƼңҲײԬˮһֱ֮һԬˮԼص㶨ڴ˴ײڶ, Ȼδ֮, ȻԼ
Ժɫ, ̨߽ʱָպһĸŮ, һ˫۾㲻Ծ˹ȥԬˮƼ˾㼴Цϻٻ, ҲǵǼʱˡ˼λ, ƹһܸȤ
ǡײĲɵ
ײ̰β֮, ¥˽ż֮, ˫еĻ㶼⡣ʱ, Ůң£ɴ, һ϶¥, żǰ
סβƳһۣ㼴˷ţĿȴ̬ӯĽŸϣͻȻס, , վס
ʱѿ, ײҲң˱ƳĲŮ, αװ˼, һѳɴ׳, ǡõס, 漴ݲһԾײ󣬽ذ׼
㡭ʲôײ´ʧɫ
ԬˮЯҲɿ쵲ĸǰ令ס
ңṦ׿ȵβ̵ǰȥײȻʡû뵽Юܹ֮ɣδ֦ڣ㼴Ѻײ£һ
㵽˭ײ¾ʧ룬𡭡ԬǾͲл˵𣿡
ɱңл˵Ԭˮɫһ
ģǸСѾͷ㱨ȥˣײ¾
ƹ񣬡ң˲˵˰Լһ𽻳ұ㣬Ӵ˸߸·ɡ
ԹԣεĻ޸ǳôСײºٺЦԬˮ֪߲ƣңŶûУ
䣬ż䶫രӦöӦһ볯Ԭˮȥһңңһһšײ񵲣ֻüҽУöȻûұ֮С
ͬʱԬˮԻѽЩӭĴڵء
Ҳ̫Сˡң˫ײ½һԾ⣬һŲס漴һˣ߷ɳȥ²£ǧƵҡȥ
Ӱ˫ӰƵƮֱƼһĻٿ˻ȥվһࡣ
Ǵ˶ûϵңֻҪˣɿͻˤ
ʲôˣӰ˫ʵ
㲻ϵң϶ϵӦӣңЦɱ
ɣҺϲӰ˫΢
ϧһ·ˡңû´ĻѰײ£Ƿ򣬻ţ
Ҫ𣿡Ӱ˫˵⻰ٿһΪһϮȥһݲԾײ¡
ңղޱ˵˹ġ򣬲ŲæӭӰ˫ƣֽŵײ˦ɡײһҷܹ̼ŵû⣬ȥ
ݲ׷ڼײ½֮ʱƼһӰ̤ܷݶϣ˶˹ȥ
˫ƽӣѸɡȴƺϱǸӰ˫Ӳ񣬳һƣ˻ȥ޷ֳңڵķ׳Х£㼴ײ˵档
ʱ˿̣β̵Ҳɿ¥
޷ǲŲæֱײ½Ժоһ
ǡ罣βʵ
ҵ޷鵭ĮҪ˽Լ
ڰٻʳͣǵظϡϡ䱾ͲܼЩ˲£Ҳɵ㶵ȥ֣ܵһɶʱ򣬲һ¥ղޱҲ˳ĿɿڴŰھײ£пȻǱ²ҡҪڣõô£
ԷƱ޷Ǵ΢β̵λ̨Ҫͻ
β̲ԣ̧ͷ̨¥Ķˡ
һȰײҪˣǵĺôһҲòʶȤЩ˽޷ǵ
ײµãҲ֪ǲӦ˹رˣһܺһƬʱɵֽۣץһѽѽл
ˣղޱ微ǰ˽
̵ģײ´ȥĲǣ
¸ûˡ޷ɫһ֣ҪôѡԼŰ졣
˵ţ㺰һһ
һȥɣղޱγһذױҪնײŵɫ˻ȥȥ˺Լ
䣬̨¥Ϸ㴫һҽУ̧ͷֻӰ˫Ѫĸ첲ݲߡβ̼״˳ȺɿԶ
̵ģأײھУʲôҲƲ֮δŻӦʱ
ңѷ¥˹
ʮһǰǰ̴ڷ֣֮ЯӰ˫β̶˶ӣӴ˲ټ޷ǵ벻λ޳ˣƹߣЩ˵Ĺ
ûУûУײµȫǷӵǮ˵ҪӵָҡȻǲң˵ܰ´ˣֻҪҰǰ£εСӱΪá
ԭңЦˣɱԬˮҲȰ㻹ǹԹ԰˽ƽȻ͵
ҽײµԴҪηɳȥҳҴȥ
˵㻰ȻŻȥ޷ǰ˵ھϣЮ˴·ɡ
ײԳưףʵ˷٣ҲӰ˫β̽Ūˮ£ײ±лǧ٣ǽǮϵӶҲûĺ֡
һ˵ﰵ֮⣬ղޱȱУǱ֮״æż׼һ⿪ǰȡ
ʶģȴδȫʣԼоղޱĵվֱӣȴԵȥղޱıſڣȴ˵һ仰
Լģ޷ʵ
ȥãײ´һ
һӦ߿һֶһֻľСܶΡΡϡ
Լ򿪣øҡң
ǻӣŴ򿪺иǣֻûҧ졣ңҲֱ̧Ƚ߷ڵأ֧غڻƵĶҲʧ׼ͷݶֱʯ䡣
ͬ޷Ǵյײ¶ߣĿطɱ⣬ǲǲˣ
󡭡ײ»ʪһƬҲǡǡ
ԼҲУǾֽдн飬ͷĹ̶д֤ԼЧ޷ǵ
ԼССײȶò
˵㵽ղޱָŲŹ̰ж˿飿
ײ̰Щ¾ʧЧֻ˰Լ˹ңӹԼȷٺ󣬱㼴һţ˾飬ɢ촷ۣһײš
޷Ц⣬ʵôߵ𣿡


148 . ̿ҹ
һͷ, ղޱĲ¼վ
ײ¸ͣմ⣬Լι÷ͷ, ȻĶ, ޷Ѻǰ, ͬмһֱ˵֮⡣
˵ˣײµ, ǲǡ
ż»мҪ͸ƹ񡣡޷ǵЦ
˵, һʻǰ, ڵһдšƽ𡱵̧˳ڼǰ, Ӧһһ޷, ײ¶һ䡰ڡ, ɿǯ֣Ծϳͷ
ײ¾йһ, ͨһڵ, һ˹ȥ
һ·ۣһۣʵװģȫɣ
, , ʵǡղޱͷ, ǸΡ
, ҡҡͷ, ˵Ҳ, ر֮߱, 㻻һᡣ
ûй⣬㯲֪źδңü˿в̣𿪣⡣
ȥģղޱʵ
Ԭ᳤ıԷղޱһˣ¿϶߲ˡ
ԭҵ˱ûص꣬ҵˡȻͷ
˵ʲôǽҪΪôܶ㣿ղޱһۣ
գҡͷԡһ٣Ǿƣųᣬ˫Ŀ֪˯˹ȥ
ԬұԷԺһ䣬Ժ䡣˱ڶڶԺ᷿ס
ײ¶ĥǱˣصԷ󣬱޷ǲطڰ˿ڡ
޷ǷȾѪľ£һͨˮҩɴߵߣұۣСǸϸСԲףüʵô£
ͭ񴵭
޷쳣㼴ǴµĹüͷһ¶쳣ʹ飬Ȼǹˣ
һͷ
֪ˣҾӦ׵Ҳ޷ǷұۣСİͷ˿ڣ
ôҲǵĴʦ֣²ȫƾ΢Цݱ΢ų޶ȣпܻᱻµ
޷ԣж΢΢һͣΣһ¶ΪԼ룬ֻˡ
⻰΢һ㶣漴˵ͷ
ղޱƣһֱԺǰⲽң񲻶һֱߡ
˰޷߳СԺӭȥ
ô˵ú𣿡ղޱʵˣ
޷ǳĬãڣͭǣ䲻ȴܡ
ǾֶΣղޱ岻ѣһЩվӡ
֫ͱ󱡹Ƕ˿ڣҩҲֻܷڱ棬޷͸޷̾Ǹȫⳤ϶֪Ĵڡֻ˵²ص̫ˣЩ֪ڴˡ
ļ࣬˹ˣܵã»ºң
µĴʵղޱȻô죿
ЩҲûãһһ޷˵ţתղޱ㻹ȥɡ
ղޱһͷ´ƿ߽Ժ
޷΢΢ףĿɨæıӰ˼ң飬ͷ˿ղޱֿ˿ûоá
Ҳˣ޷Цʡ
ңͷֻǣ֮ǰڽǼ£ûô˵
˵㣬Ҷûô޷ЦѼ飬Ҳδһ¡
ңݸЦԬ᳤һˣڰˣֻȥˡģлҪ˵
𣿡޷գ΢΢ͷһʵȻ½ΪβֱӸ㣿
˵˵Ļֻң˵ţЦƵ˿һһ롱ơ
޷ǲһЦԣ׸ߣ˵һ԰գת߿
ͥԺǰ԰֣պԬˮվͥԺУҹһ³񣬱ͣ½ŲδһšãԬˮ㱻عƳվڲԶ޷ǣ¶Ц⣬ʩ
ң˵Ԭ᳤ҹң޷Ц½
ϡ֣ԬˮڰֵֻʣΣҩɷԸ
Ԭ᳤ˡ޷ǵ˲Ƥ⾭ڹ裬ֻɡ
ڹ裿Ԭˮ΢΢üײʲôֶΣ˺
ͭǡ޷Ȼ̾˵ף»Ҷ𣬷Ҳܴ˿
ײ࣬ⱨӦԬˮп農λԷסЩʱգ˼俴ز׸ӹ½ΪţΣա
ǲˣ޷ǵͷԬ᳤࣬ʵڲܡ
ǧô˵ԬˮڰֵɾͲ֪ˣãֻ֪û뵽ŮջǼ޸㸸ס
ʵ޷Ǽüۼʧ䣬ԼЩʲôҡͷ˵ˣֻ常ҲѪԵ
ŶԬˮһ㶡
嫳ɽǷ֮ʦ𣬵˵޷ϣŷ¡޷ǵӦﵱ˱ʣ޴ͶŽи
ˣ֪ǺˣԬˮʵ
˵޷ҡͷᵽò֮£ԼǺ֪
ԬˮգҡͷһЦпƵߵǰͷˣ飬Ҳ常ʦܼйҲΪǣ鷴档˵ţ㼴˿ȥ޷ԣü΢΢һ׸һ˿̧ȴƳԬˮ߻ݣ΢΢һЦ漴˷š
޷Ԭˮͬʱղޱߵ񴷿ǰŲδһɣδţ̽ͷ͸ŷ쳯ȥֻڴͷϣ䣬ţϰȻ·ֻۣܸס˫ȣȸ¶⡣
ÿʣ⸱ģղޱظе١֪ףæȥߵ췿š
˭ԭڶǽǷͻȻ죬㼴ʵ
񴣬Щ𣿡ղޱܲܽȥ
һæץһԵѣſڷҵһ
ղޱͷվã˺ð죬㱻ͷǰţæַסʦֲ˵ҲôԼˣ
û¡
ֻ˵֣ղޱ̲סһ潫ش£һ˵ûˣֻҪӲҪ
⻰ȴֻҡͷһЦ
뿪ݺȥǣֵأշתʦȥˣָպô̽Ԭ᳤ݣȺײ˽Թ˵Ըңȥ˭֪պʦֺң㡣ղޱԬ᳤ϳ֣ȻĻ
ʵҲ̫⣬˵ʹûε£ƽ߽ܻ٣¶˳⣿
ⲻһܲǸͷղޱ޽ɣ뵽ʲôʾġ
΢Ц֮ĸлл㡣ԭֻҵ˽£̯ĸףҲûָܻöڡ
㲻ô룬ղޱ㡣һͤܵϻʵۣôͲܷˣƾʲôҪΣ͵Σ
ԣЦʣȻˣУοҵģ
ͦãղޱһͷ˵ʲôͦõģǱܰŸͦá
ã⻰չգһסЩֻǡһ룬ұ۹ʹַ̣סüͷ
ˡղޱǰ鿴Ȼ޷ǵĻһ˫ȴͣ˰У֪ò÷
ڹ裬ֻܵкתҡͷʵҲ̫ģ
ˣղޱôǿδ˵꣬Ƽ񴴽иѣ˱ˮϡ
ˣ΢΢ס
ô˲ι㡣ղޱ治ѣֱʱδġ
ܳæӹյˣԼԡƬֿ̣˿ղޱɫҵҪôˣ
һСˣҪղޱһ֣ݵ
ô˵Ŀ¶ɫС˲ΣջҲ²οǴ˿ڲǳ㲻ܲ⡣
ŶղޱΪ⣬˿ڣΪȡڵΣ̣վеۡȻȥˡ˵ţ㼴˿ȥ
ԾŵıӰĿ¶ɻ

ԣ
ᣬݼһܿдʮ иС⣬жŮķ⻹ûд ŮûԻŮš


149 . ֪
, ˱ԬұԷЩʱգȵԬˮ, һ·ֱ⡣, ޷ǹ򳵷, ˽ǡͲжõߣõĵؽ, ﺮ˴̽һѸ֪Ρնˡ
;䵢Щʱ, ƽ, оաﺮ˻ȥʻȴδ⵽Ρն񡢾ֹ, ѶЩ΢ֻǺ˼, ǸԻطϢ
ӧղޱһ򽻺, ȥӭ, 糾͵ģ, ɫЩæʶһ·Ϸ¡
ղޱججĻ뵽, ͷһ񴽥нԶıӰ, ظеһ˿, һ·ϵ໥, ӽԺԺ, ֻص˴ǰģ, ֮С
ͬǳ, Сʶղޱ̾˿
ʲôӧûͷûβĻֻһͷˮ
ûʲôȥˡղޱ˵ţ㼴߿
ãů΢¯Ϸ̣뵳һƬʡ
ʵλʦ·ԼѡԸǣˡ֮ڣ̫£ʵڲΪҴµĻԼ͸λʦʦôҪ鷳޷ǵǰЩݣһѹⲻȥĲٿ
û˻ɵңϣﺮֻҪҵ嫳跨֤ף¾ͻת
ûô򵥡޷ǵο֪Լ˭ˡ
˵ʲôﺮ첻ѡ
޷ҡͷһЦң֣ʮָۣңˣҼѡעҪһСǰأأһأȴĿƺ󡣼Ȼ綼Ҫ뿪Ҳ̰һʱİȡ˵𣿡
ԣҲϸһ·Ͼʲôﺮգҡͷ֮һΣʱҪ뿪꣬Ѵ̽嫳䣬ȹǰ˵ɡ
޷⻰ɰΣ˵ͷң֣ת˳á
ʵ˵ҲûңԺУ˼ãȻڵһ·Ҳǰȹˣ֮ǰ㶼ʲôлᣬܹ֤һ˵
˵˵һˡ޷̹ȻЦѾһ𣬾һ¶֪Ҳߣ⡣
ңԣ̧Զ죬Žɹյ¶ȻЦ⡣
֪Ѿã˴ͬһ˴롣ղޱͷɾͲһˡһصУͷͷŲǽţŻվţʣȻһɣһҲ϶ˡ
ӧ˷˹һôˣ
¶ղޱͷҡҡˤһԣ˵ۡ
ۣۣӧʵˣ
֪ղޱޱ
û˶֪ӧɵۣû°ɣ
û£Һۣ˯һղޱֱۣŷȻȥɡ
ӧԽеŹ֣ȴֻ˳ţ룬㼴ָӷķȥһͷصУһȴһƬǽ壬鼮һأҲᣬͬһ㣬һƼ@ڵϣԴһķ˯ֱ࣬㼴һ@
ţʦˣ@˯ϡͿԴϵķһƼɳŻҸʲôһΪʦȻ㼸ʱģ
ҳȥɫָſڵ
ʲôҪʦҵҲܡ@һ㱻Ÿ첲һ𣬴򿪷˳ȥ
@Ƶһ򣬶ͻŭв죬˵ЩʲôһŤͷȴӧ˹㼴ʦã̫߳ôˣ
ӧл㱣һ㣬⻰Żع@˵ʦ𣿡
ڷôˣ@ֻɶͷԡ
ʡʦô£ӧԥԥ˵¶
񴱾ڷʰһ⻰תţǰʵôˣ
ӧ˽ŵģǲ첻ѣֻǵãղޱ䶼Ժﳤȴûʲôͷ֮㲻ϣ˹ĹԷ£
ڷɫҲã˵ԼĶᡭӶӧ˵ţĿתͼҳ𰸡
ȥ񴲢δԣֻƿ߳Ժš
£@ָ񴱳ӰӧղޱãҪø⡭ô͡
ңҲ֪ô¡ӧҡͷֻͷԳصͬһ̯
ȥʦ֣@ƽϰ䲻ϽȴǾӣȻ޷ǰȴֻõˡ桱ĸ֣㱻⡣
ղޱ˿ڷץһֽ˺˺룬һ˵ϡͷֽźŲ˳ۣߵǰȣֶ˳ȥ
ֽڿд˸ߣһֻȽסĲǱˣӧĻ̽񴡣
ӹֽţԻղޱղޱҲһعιô⣿
ӧ˵ַˣǰʵ㲻ͬ˵ϻصͺ𣿡
ˣû˵ղޱֻĪҾ˵˵ȥʲô
˵˵ӲʣܹˡҼǵǴ˿δȬǸöϢһ룬ֽſ˿ɻʵ㶪Ƕкβ𣿡
ҡ֪ղޱǰֽڵϣݺݲţҾӣ㲻Ҫˡ˵ţתҪߡ
û𣿡סʵ˭㣬˴󶯸λ𣿡
ûң㻰ࡣղޱҧŴ
ұǳĬԵ𣿡Խе⣬ôֳһࣿ
ղޱбۿ֪ģԽǿűԽһѣȴ˿һʹȥס˿ڣΣʱ׹ô£ɷ˵㽫ᱧͻطУҳҩԼҩҲ㡣˵ţ뿪
վסղޱҩһ裬ŤͷһۣŭƳţˤš
⣬һˤŷľļ£һ룬ֻʵղޱ㵽ôˣ
Ҫʦ㣡ûòղޱȵ
⻰ֻ˼⣬һ·϶úõģͻȻתһ㣬ϲŭ޳ֻ
룬÷ţȻ˺ܾãҲûӦֻת뿪
˰÷ʱղޱԾڴϲ϶ӧûзӣֻװ÷˸˹ȥ˷ֲ֪ҳһѷִֽ࣬Ҳֻ÷·˾ߣԺʱﺮӭȴ£һкûͷǰߡ
ӧôˣﺮģ
ӧ⻧˺ðŻعãﺮҡҡͷšղ˵ʲô
ûʲôȥɡﺮҡͷһЦ߿
޷Ƿǰƻţ㼴˷š
ڴ޷ǵ
ﺮŶ룬ڸʰ䣬ҡͷʵ㻹ǾҪߣ
ҪĴ㡣޷Ц
ʵΪʦҲ벻ͨΪ嫳˵ЩﺮʱҲĹôᡭ
֮ңҲա޷չһЦĻҲȫ
Ŷﺮü
޷ҡͷЦ
˻Ҳࡣﺮ̾յң棬ҲֱԡҪ֪֪֮ԩһѩԣҪһ˵ö֮ˣ
ˡ޷ǵͷӲµ𣬾úסһ󣬲ΣҲ๣Ҷ뿪
Ϊʦ˵ʵﺮ˼ãͬǲѾˡ
ǡ޷֮⣬ͷ
⺢ӣôܡ
޷Ǵһ¶ƽ΢ЦʵʦˡûЩ£ֻһˣҲߵһ
˻ﺮ
嫳ǺȴҲȫǱ죬Ǹ׵飬ҵ̹̹ЩҲ಻޷ǵûңҲһҪ֤࣬ݣһ˵һս飬ȻҲ֪Щʲô㹻ɻɣΪ֪еǰŻΪ
㡭
޷һҡͷѣߵﺮǰȻЦ⣬˺
ʲô
޷ߵлʦ𣬶֮޷˫ַڵ棬ߵͷͽĸʮɥһֱʦշ鷳ǰ;δѾТʦԭ¡
ﺮæǰطһૣұ֪ͬһ
˵ǡ޷ﺮĻʶʵ
ɽŮӣȷгѷ֮һˡﺮ˰֣ʣֻԸ·ƽ̹ЩĪҪܿˡ
޷⻰Ȼס̧ﺮһ۱㿴׵֣̿ر·һ
⣬¸
ң񺭶˲ھĴ԰ɫ
㲻˵Ǳ˭ȴ˵Ըҡ񺭿̾ѣʲôأֻһֱȥ𣿡
򷨽ԿգաңҡͷʱδɣЩ£һнġ
Һʹ磬ԶнˡЦݲҵԴ֪Ժ󣬱Ҳûͬ˵һ仰ҲûһšÿվȰȣ￴ģ˵ıϡжɵǰǲϸǰҪ嶯¡ʲôã㱨˸ֵõʲôء
Ҳ㲻ðԼңԼ˼ڻ뿪ʱ򡣡
ֻһ䣬תվ˫Ŀӣֱ˵ʵǸĻ֣׻᲻ⱨӦ
Ҳ֪ңҡͷҹͬĳңҶʹޣǳ
Ҿȥۺ⣬Цҡͷ
˻УþòƽȴʱһŲŤͷһȴ첽ԺţǽƼ˺󣬻ʳָһơ˻ûô£㿴һ·ŴԺ߹Ѱһ㡣
ˡ÷Զң˵
⻰ֵһߵԺǰһۣ漴˸лĶת뿪
ǡôˣıӰʧҹɫУʵ
ңҡҡͷ΢΢һĨЦ⡣

ԣ
ʵжŮͦ˼ģҪղޱ˼һСȰȰȵ


150 . һͷ
ղޱװ˴Ĳ, ˵ڶ죬ԽеƵûţܳ, ʹȥ˺Ժ䳡һһ, ÿ, ŵĵڴ˲ϰ䡣
ﺮҲͬƽһһԹۿƳղޱ߽䳡, Լŵڽ䣬, ˼, ֻ쳣Ź֣࿴ۡȵ, ٽ, Ծɴ, վ˹ȥ
ӧ˵, ˣﺮߵǰվ, ʵɺЩˣ
ţղޱ̧ۣ˼Ծ⣬ûʲô
ͬӧ, ô⸱ģﺮ, 겻, ʲô鷳ˣ
ղޱãȻҡͷ, ľȻվ, ӷĺ, ˵, ȴøСԺԻһŤͷȴƼק@ĸ첲ָȥ@伫ȴⲻ˱קǰУû߼һ
ʦܣһΣһΣֻҪʦҵĸ@±ţᱨĶ顣@һ汻ǰߣһԲġ
ԼǰҰٻأд˲ͷػرʦ֣ѵҲң㻹ûеģҪԼ첻ھȥʦ˵ˮ
ǣⲻа@翹ĴţͼѰҾȱȴƳվﺮԵղޱǰһ䳡ͷָһղޱ
ԣŲһͣŤͷ䳡Уղޱס@Ҳû֣תߣȴһֿڼͷק˻
ôˣﺮüʵ
ûµģš@̰ڴһģЩͣţĪҪ֡
ŤͷоǱġ
ʲôأղޱӣŶȥ
˺ˣüʵɫԵǡ
͸ܣղޱһۣ
Ȼʦ˵ûǲ@ʹ֮״Ƣô󣬾Ǹø
˵ʲôղޱͬ˼ͬʱڣ@
˵ʲôˣѵ˵𣿡@񴣬޹
ſڣȴ֪λش𡣷ǰ@ĻȴͼӴףֳ˵޷ϣֲҳϣۿղޱɫԽѿ֪ô˵ϨĻ
εģġղޱָ񴣬ɫԽ㵽˵û˵⻰
鲻˵ѾǡĻֻ˵һ룬Ƽղޱӱϵһľȥ״æŤͷȴƼ@һԶر׹Ǻ⣬Ȼɫ䣬׷أȴղޱһ˻
˵ô£ղޱľϣǽǣƴƴ㣬ͻһø
һʱ˼ã˵ǰˣοҲû˵ǡ
ǰҲУղޱŭĻ˵˵ţٵҪ£ȴظеһίľͷҲ߿
Զ齥Ȼ
ﺮŴ˾ҡҡͷ
ղޱصУһڴϣҲԸݵЩͷʹ·˺һ㡣
䣬ӧ˷˴ȥڻȴͻȻһֻ˹ӹ̡ӧסͷһȴվǰ˵ͷ
ɫ輱ķ紵Ű뿪ĴȣžղޱͷڴϣľŽ䣬ɿڣϵ´öᣬҲԸͷ࿴һۡ
죬˵ɢ᲻ۿնǽǣޱ˵ӧҾ벻ףΪʲô
һ˵ţһŤͷſȥȴס
ֻƼվУŷ˵ģӧ񴡣
˵ȴһ죬ʼ硣
·ˣߵ£˵ͷ̾˿Բ𡣡
ʲôǸղޱŰۣܿĿ⡣
ҿ㡣̾׷@ǨŭңҿǻŻ˵Щ
һΪֻǻ٣ԭڱ˵ղޱ죬Сֹ
һأûˡ̹ϵ
㡣ղޱͷȥ
л˵ֿͷӰ˹Լ˫Ŀޱҡ
ɲɣһףȸղһҪ񴻰ߣ⾪״ϣŤͷһ۴⣬ֻǰעڵ棬ըˮ
˼ţ˺һתٴ˵ԸԸ⡭
䡱һһըһϸϸ֦ڵأ˸ֻȥ˽䣬ʧ
ղޱľȻգգָָۣ⣺ǸͦΣյģϻصĹ˺ȫû𣿡
û¡һüԼʻϣֻǲҪֹڡţձһ׹˺ðͣ¡
ô¡ղޱ齣ߵߣ̽̽ͷѸϡﻩڵϣְԴ˻ͷʵղ˵ʲôţ
ߵǰҪڣⷴ죬ʱʧȥģһղޱͷĴ

ԣ
Сʦܱ׻ǱȽģûôػء


151 . 㾡ҹ
ղޱȫȻϵд˾, ر㽩ˣһҲ, ɿ, , ʵʲôҲ˵𣿡
Դǰʼһֱˡҵ㿴Ҳ˳, ҲҶ˵ʲô˭֪㡭ҡͷ̾, ҽ, 鲢Ҳл˵ֻһ·Σ, Ҳŵ֪һؽ͡
ڹңղޱ
û, ˵, ֻҲס
㲻ף
ղޱ˵⻰ʱ, ǰÿһҪ, Ļȫ˹ȥ
һԲߵߣϴȣʰ𱻷紹, Żϡ
ι, ղޱ֡, ߵǰ, û˵, , ͷ˫һȦ, г̽յǰʵ˶ȫ𣿡
˵ͷȴһ̱㱻һȭСһʱʹʹ˿һųȥ
ˡղޱʮָ棬չ˫ۣ¶Цһͷ˿߰ӣָܸġ£ҪţҾ͵Ӧˡ
⻰Ц˳ͷá
ָָϵķˣʾ漴ԣһ̶˵ǰ룬ݸ
Ƣôðղޱ˵ţ˼ڷ£յǰʵջ֮ǰĻͬ@һ·ˡ
л񴵭
ղޱƲƲ죬ǻǹ㣬ͬ@һ찡û˵һû˭˶ᡣˣǰͬӧǹмʱ򣬺񻹿ǡ
ü˼ã͵˰ɣˡ
ղޱһͷȴüҡͷ˵Ҫȥ㣬ǵÿ
ֲĶ֡˵û𣿡
ÿζҡղޱҡ֣˵
󲻻ˡֱ˫˵
ţ˵ģڰղޱָ
һͷ΢΢һЦ
ȻĻǽǵΪλᳳղޱ
ϻ˽ʦĴ򣬱ʹ˼ʹʦ֤Ǳúϰ䡣ûָֻ糣㣬ɹܽڣڡֻʦǰʵʵ˵Ҹڹ˭֪ǡ˵˴ҡҡͷоΡ
ղޱͷ
ʢĵ꣬ÿ죬ȥҲ졣ȵͣס񴽫ϵĿ̶ʰУ˳ţ˿ɫȴȻеһůͷһղޱ֪ʱֻ߳ӵסͷ
úϢڳ֣ḧͷ˵ҳȥ£Щ㡣
ղޱͷ΢ЦѤ紺ӭŵһ
ůɢƣߣһʺ磬һνȾɣһƻĽ¡
ңԣ¯г㣬ָ¯ǣǻء
ﺮվǰֶ֣ضࡣ
ŷ˵ĻҶңվҴ֪һ𣬱㷴ܶ顣˵ģļأδؾܽǰЩѹأһ⡮һδõ
ﺮüԣɫ
ҵȷԷһɽϣǰһ֪ȻİȥԼӡѾ֪ˣ֪ҴӺζ֪ܹĿԩҲ֪ҵЩңһġҪӲ˵ôЩʦҵĽ̵ǰͬţ֮ʿĶĿȾֵһ᣿ң˵ЩŲűߣֻߵǰ˵Ҳǣ룬úúˣ㲻ܶأҲԵԼ
ЩҶסﺮͷĿ̾Ҷĸܾƾ޷·ôˡ
˵ϣ뿪ңͷʵ
֪̫̣ԲƽﺮϣҲϷĿġǶСߣҲУҪտ⡭˵˵ţվǽͷĻ˻ȥǧתΪһ̾Ϣ
ʦţͬ츸ĸңۣ̹ȻЦǣ滰𣿡
뽲ﺮʾ⡣
ҲԸ뿪ң˵
ﺮԣԸ졣
Ϊ֮ˣ˴˸˴˳ȫȻʹãķӦȴƫƫڲͬ
ҵȻѡãҲԸ⡣ң̾뺦ҲҪұκ˶ںֻǣ棬ѵ𣿡
ﺮȻ
ĸһֱ̻ҵģֻһ£ңǱʲôһҪ֣ܷ֤࣬ʵףųѻһҲߣ߱£ɽӷ⣻أһңҲΪǰ·ѣδҪǿиᣬҲΪδңҪһеĲѡ˶ô룬ôôȷ롢֮˻٣Ȼûκ£Ϊξûʸȥ
⡭ﺮ
ҿԴӦ⣬ҵ֮ǰңӭﺮ̽Ŀ⣬ᶨ̹ҿΪҲ顣ֻҪԸ飬ҾκǷֿ
ﺮȻ
ſɻĻҪң
ﺮҡҡͷ
ǣңˡң΢΢漴˳⣬ȴ޷˫ֻۣؿԺǽµŶԣһţ㼴վֱӣ˹
ңȻЦ첽ǰȥС
㼸ʱģң̧ʵ
˵ʦ̸Ҿ֪ôˡ޷Ц
ǡҲµô˵ˣңɿӵ֣ʵɻ˽
޷ҡͷЦһ紺㡣
ҪĻ뿪һȥ׷㡣ô𣿡޷ǵοôͲˡ
ңݸǣֻصסȴվͥС
޷Ǻ֪ƵģֱӱӭȥߵǰͳһŷǮ޷ǽӹҲ㽻ң
ǧ᣿ңӹǮס
ҲţðҰѷеĽϸҳɷǮ޷ǴյߣȫļҵúţŪˡ
Щңأңü΢ʵ
ǻϻ־һƽ𣿡޷չա
㻹˵ȫңң΢Ŀ
֮ƣڡ޷Ц
񴿴Ŷ˵飬ҡͷһЦ߿ȴ޷ǻס񴣬ʦǱʲôϢ𣿡
֪ҡҡͷҺ񿴼ʯȥҹɵûϢҲ
޷Ļ˵ͷҲãѵü徻ˡ˵ţ㼴ң֣صС
αؿ£ͲǷҪ𣿡ңŴ쳯˼ۣȷԶ󣬷ʵ
ҪǷˣҾ͸ʦ嫳ǰ䷢ң֣ȥҲա޷ǵ
϶Ǹ֣ң˵Ƕ֪
ҷȥɡ޷ҡͷ˼Ȼ嫳ʧȥüֵȻ޷߳¡
¾ͷǵ𣿡ңͷ룬Щ飬ҲŴӱְ
ǣԬ᳤ϲô֪꣬࣬嫳ͷˣҾĲ֪Ǵˡ޷ǵУҪǲ֪ΪҪݺңһĿ
ҲաңͷȥĶһ

ԣ
滻ԱŮһֻử Ǹʵʵԣеʯ


152 . Ͽһμ
ʱչ, ǰ¹Եʣɫֱ
̯һ߽Ǿëᣬҳ, ǹƵıʼ, ּʲ, ͿҸġ
ǰÿһҳ, ɫѿһ֡
@Ĺΰղޱᣬߵ·һ, ҡҡͷ, Դ, ѹַⳤϲԶ, Ҫܻ߳, Ǹ漣
⻰ҡͷ̾һ
ʱ, һе˹, ղޱʶ˵֪ӦⲻԼУ졣ǰ, ûߵű, Ŵ󿪡
𣿡ﺮ潹ǰ, Ƽͬһ, һ, 漴ʵ, һο޷, ʲôʱ
Լ˼üٿһʱ
죡ͬȥ׷ﺮһֵ
ʶ֮£ﺮţۣ׷ǰȴպƼرա
⡭˰ɣղޱüһ
ʲôҲû˵Ҳ֪ﺮ߬ȭ
޷ʱͻǾʻڣȴƼԶ˸ߺššܽһ֣塣
ţ˵áָ֣õķ򣬵ɲ֪ʱԼҪַ̣˵ʦ֮ȥɣҪڴֻ¾Ҫˡ
ﺮԣɫٿسɿ˼һΡն˵£嫳Ҫ䷢ҡ̸ȥǺΣƻʰŻ֮޷Ǵ԰գ̴ת۷
£嫳ʲô֣ãѣ̧ͷ񴡣
㲻عܣȥɡ԰գղޱʹ˸ɫղޱ⣬ͬʱǣƹѹرյĳţѰϡɴݲԾǽͷʧڻ谵ɫ¡
칫˳ûãƱ־ۼŵꡣԹľʱܱСֻܴæУ˴Ƨܡ
˵ʱǰǣҲһʱĹ򡣡ղޱϥڻԣ˵Ӧ߲˶Զǰ
Ѿ˳ǣĸ򣬱㲻˵ˡ˼һĴ㣬Ҫ²ҵǡ
˵Ǻαأղޱյһ𳤴ģѵܿǱ˺ɣ
ôȻǵĵ˵ʵŻкܶ໰û˵
԰Ҳôáղޱͷң书ôߣȴû͸¶ǴģУûʲôϵʦô̳һģ
ҡͷһԲղޱ͵͵һۣʪ°վߵ£ͷ
ˣЦЦ
ҲûУԼһ˴ţﲻȡղޱ
ءס֣
𣬻谵ĹŶգĻϷʱʱӣڿըѣϸ졣
Уƿյ졣񴲻죬ֽ´Ӳ෽Ķڣɿɨһۣǣղޱ֣վ
˭ղޱţһƬڰҰظߺһֵľ͸
˵⻰ⲢδӦȻƬ̣˱Ƽ֮УȻģӰ
Ҫ£⴫һɳƵģȥ
ʸ´һ·ǰһղޱǰΪβĿʾˣ
ǰΪ庣ҵʧĲرͼƬӭذرŮƽϢ˻ڶڲ´󡣡Ǹϵ˵λΪǵѵõӢ꣬αΪЩ£
˵ôϻֹǰУղޱţѿڶȴӲǰѻ˻ȥڵĬĬȻӻöͭǮ˵ǽа취
ԣһͷ˵ϧţӦ֮ʿֺαضڰ˵
ĬһͻȻЦЦգ˵˵λǲϻͷˣ
񴲻ԣղޱ˵С
һ㿴ƣĴָʼСָ򱳣ţָһţűţʤٿڰšղޱ˵ţһöͭǮö֮УԻ⣬ȴ¶ֻӦ
ļҲһ˽עЩ䱻ˮʪŵ׾ûմһˮ߹֮ӡʪۣȻṦ黯
ǹˣɫװ棬ǲ뱩¶ݡ
ղޱ׳öͭǮͭǮɢڼΧ֮ڵ˶У漴Ծ⣬ھöͭǮָ⣬ָͭǮͭǮٿط𣬻бԽǵһöͭǮλͭǮ֮λλ֮䣬󷨱һ״
ղޱҲһöͭǮ֮֮С
Ū顣һϣȴȻͬ鷢ʹͷһƳֻƼһöͭǮһ˴ȣȥһǱǰеˣҲ⹥Ƶ˻ԭλ
ղޱ۲ֻ¶ƣСָ
⣬ѰŵλὣܿһơŶݼ׹һǧʮ֣ղޱ󷨣ͭǮλ磬ÿ򣬱㻻һ֣ʼȷǰֻһˣơ
һУ֮У书ѷߣȻ
аһ˴һͭǮϥ֮ʹղޱ׳һöСڡ
ģü
ղޱ⧲ֻòһȻ̵ȴ󷨱任һȥΪ׵ˣһǰȥӵ񴡣ʱģǵ书ߵһʮ֮У˵ҲգĻڵóӦˣղޱΣǣȡһöͭǮ˫ͬʱ׳ס󷨲ƣȵú˼ˡгʣһƴķ˿Ʈڵء


153 . 
ۿΣȥ, ղޱһϣʾ񴻻λ
̵, Ѿͷǹؼų
ղޱ, Ŀʼն, ֱƣ, ֮Ҳߣǵͷˡת󷨶, ÿػ, 㻻һϣ۶ٴλλ, ֻҪֵ, Խơ
˾ù, ͷȻ¶˱̬ղޱδ, , ʹ˿һӲѷ֮˹ϡ˭֪˳սȦ󣬾Żٹǻת, ˫ͬ, ղޱݳղޱᵲ, ײϷ, , ѸĹȵղޱ, ǿסΡһ˻Ƶ, ĩٿۣüĵöڣ˲䵯ɳȥǽڣһö򻮹࣬ԴҲΣ͸Ѫɳ⣬С
󾪣Ҳ֪гһ㣬ǰĿڣ̴ǻ͸Ƕ
ͫ΢ţ¶Ȼ֮ɫһԲսһ漴ƿְν˾㵵飬ҲԶϡ
һղޱԣβȣһ𷽲ڵöڣббֱͷǻȥ
ߣղޱǿʹ׳ͭǮͽǽʣĶȥ·ס񴣬Űҹµȥ
ޱޱܳԶδнŲ׷ղޱҪǰУ㼴˻
ҹעѹʣİĽҰУѱָ޷ղޱƣֻḧҼ磬ȴһƬȻˮ˿Ѫ
Ǽǲ֪ҪȥģղޱУڴϢ
ˡˣȴֿڰ޷ǰУֻܽӵ뻳С
Ҳ˵֪ʦֺʲôֹǰȥΪɼƻղޱҧ޺˵ʲôˣҪزɣ
Ըʦֲ嶯¡Ȼ
ղޱͷ˿ʹڵһһһ£ҰӵվֱӣɨһΣᱧ𣬳ǰȥ
ʱͣ¡񴱧ղޱһ·ǰУڽšСسªҲãֻɾס¡ղޱ˿ڣ˯˹ȥֱ緽תѡ¥ѯʣ֪һѳȥղޱ룬߳ȥѰ˭֪ת˼䣬һֿڣȴȻһĵŮӽӴ˵Ц
ղޱŤͷȴסǰǸվС̯ǰİŮЦˣֱϤòϤֻԼǱ˵ͷһˮһεģڸʲô
İŮӵعͷĿǡԣȴӹһ˿֮⡣
˭ѽվԵĻŮӴչȥſǰŶ
ɵˡ§Ůߣ˵һøѣᡣ˵ţ㼴ӵ߽һǼз¥ķ糾֮ڡ
˵ղޱȱҪ׷϶ʸƫǰһػİ峵ڵߡƿ峵ǰ׷˼ȴ˵Ӱʧڽֿڡ
һС㡣ղޱ˫ֲֻһվԭһһţתᣬ˭֪һطУƼԣϻһֽõҩݡ
ˡӭȴһƿֱӵϡסһղޱôˣ˭ˣ
װǰɣղޱָղŸʲôȥˣ
ץҩָָϵһֽ
ץҩ黨ǲȥ𣿡ղޱǻŭԹҧݿ֨졣
㲻Ƿ˰ɣѣ̽ͷ¶ȣȴһקŸ첲Ƴ⡣
Ҫھֵ𣬸߸·ղޱ˵űҪϷţȴƶһˮͣǰŶ㶵Ӵôˣ
ղޱƲƲ죬ִֻ˿Ц㻹ǰѻ˻ȥޱҪš״һѰסȣɫ˵Źţѻ˵
˵ʲô˵ֲ֪ű߼ʵˣҾͲϹ˹ۿ㣡ղޱ
ű߼ʣԣҡͷ˵ǿ͹ˡֵҹɿλæǰæչһϣֱڶûЪء
ûЪղޱЦ˸ۣȥˣ
Ҳ˵ȥץҩ𣿡ֻĪ㵽ô
ǲץҩҲֻ֪֪ǰųȥűˣءƾвźš
˵ʲôղޱ㶣Ťͷֱֱ˵ĻƣǰųȥŻһֱ⣿
ǰãȻôǣ
֮䣬ǲʲô᣿Լ㼴ʵ
⡭ôᡭСղޱɷ˵ץֱߣһˡ
񴲻һ·Ͻͷֱз¥ǰɲɣǸŮ£ŷ٣Ťϸ֫ߵ⣬һˣ㳯˹
񴱾˿һʾֹ
⻹ˣղŲǻͬūЦŮ۵ﲨתƳһղޱԭǱ˸Űѹ֡
˵㲻ϵղޱָǻŮӵ
ҡҡͷ
ղޱŭգҪβæ͵治ʶҶû
ӴԸĨˣءŮӿ죬Ӱʵڿڼ͵öôĸϻѹҪء
˵Ҳʶ㡣֪˺£ֻԼƺҲϴ壬죬һ
У㣬ղޱţԻŮʵ˵ҹ㣬ʲôʱߵģ
͸ղѽҲһת۵Ĺأ˭֪ͱסˡŮЦģ۲ת׷龡ԣūҶģġ
ղţһתۣղޱһ㶣̧񴣬˻ɣһǲ⡣
Σ˫§ͷֱ˫Ŀղޱ㣬ʶô꣬СͬŮ˵λ


154 . 
а, ǰɶˡղޱ
ҡٿĪ磬۵Ծɳ˲Σñȥ, ȴʱ, Ƴз¥ڵƬֵ, û漴ɿɨһ, ŷһ·ȥǻ, ڽֿڵз¥, ȴΨһһܹƵɵĸ¥
Ǵ˵õ¥ôŮ۱Ȼ, ҲζֻԷǮǻƽ, Ѱͨ
վסŮתҪ, ̽ס, , Ȼ˵㷽ҵ⣬Ǳң˶Ǯ
εģ㵱ҵ㶼ҡղޱɫ, ֱ̧Ҫ, ȴְȥ
ȱ˵񴿴˿, תǻŮ, Ƶ
ǲǡŮƳǶǽ, , ££, 鲻Ը˵Źͣͷ⣬Ҳֻʮᡣ
Ǯó
ӴǮҪջȥɣŮӷ˸ۣͳһŷǮչ˸ۡ
㿴ֽţɫ󶼲ԡָзǮ
ղޱǰһֽ԰
ʲôԲԵģֻǮŮûȻû˵ˣҿҪˡ
᲻ôˣղޱ䲻ðһ䡣
񴱾ΪѾȥȴû뵽׳ôһ仰ǽǰ˫˫ĿЦõղû˵ΪյĲѰļǮߣŮӴ඼ЩǮϣ˶áú룬Ҫ뵽ֵطҹôҲȥǵõȵôɵ㿴ƫƫһ²ģĴǵȥˣҵĺʦ㣡
Ľ˰죬㿴ղޱɫлͣ¶Ȼ顣
԰ղޱֲͬʱط֣û͵ѧӰ˫Ĺɣ
˵˵ȥ㻹ǲңѼסҡͷ
ǣ˵ȵȣղޱȻŶûסңԻ˸ӣΪЩ޹ؽҪС;е飬ȥݵг̣
ˡͷ
ǻߡղޱһѣȥʰ
˻صᣬݲʰһ̸·հ㵽®ݳǡڸյ·ۣղޱδܵõͣػŧֻڳš齵ĸԴӪסޣʳθڣղޱǲˣʲô÷θ񴲻̼ˣ˿ں뿪ջȥѰԵʳղޱûɵؿڴͷ¹͸뿪Ĵڵճʵķ񣬴ŹǷ˯
ͻȻ죬Ƥ΢΢̧̧ţδһȻסһôˣ
㣬ҲҪ𣿡˵ţ󲽳
ٲŵġղޱ˸Ƿһտյ˫֣򲻵Ҳÿֻɣң
˵⣬ڴ£ǹ΢Цָգۺ飬ôõȣ
ǡղޱһô
𣿡΢Ц
㡭ղޱ˼ɿת־˿ۣסͷƳһѪüһ
ҿ˵ţֹ´
ղޱкرңһѿסŵţ
ôˣ񴴽΢Ц
ʲôˣΪҪٰʦܣղޱ˵ţ㼴̽գ˭֪˷סұۣһ
ղޱҼ˿ڴ˺ѰľʹŵҲԾɿӦѱѹڴϡۣǰ˶Ϥףľٶһʱŭ̧ȳȥ
˭棿⴫ĻŷſǼٰ֮ŤͷƳǷɿӹһ˿Ц㼴ɿղޱӴڷ˳ȥ
¸㣬ߵǰղޱƳ˵½ʧڴڣŭȥ׷ȴղޱ˻㲻ܳȥ
ʲô˫ۣѪˮȾ͸Ҽ磬۲ѡ
ûûüû¡ղޱս֣һֱڸǣ㲻뿪ҵߣȻ´ټ˭֪ǲ㣿
ɴ⵽ݻкԶüʵѵͬͬһ𣿡
ֻˡղޱƲƲҿˣģȴһ˵ӣ࿴һ۶öġ
գüĬƬ̣Ҳգȥҩ˵ţ㼴ҳҩ߻شߣȴղޱͷһɶ
ôˣ
㡭ʲô֤㣿ղޱҧҧ
⻰ü˼ã䣬¶ϻʱ˰̡
ղޱˣ˻ͷ䣬£Ͻҩ˿ڶѿˣҩ˰ɡ
㡭ͦġղޱҼ䣬
µֳ̫״û͡ͷɴϹҩֻµģ°룬½Ϻ£ΣǶ֣
ҪղޱָŴڵ࣬˿ڡ
ûָ⡣˵ţҲ̾ա
͸¶£ղޱԾ§ĸ첲
ҪͬһȥСҪһڵϣ˵ҿ㣬Ҳܡ
У˯Աߡղޱ
һ㶣⡭
ôԶһһֲ֮ͣڣ˭֪ҹ᲻ͻȻһղޱҡͷҪǸҾ͸㡣
⻰Цҡҡͷ㵹Ƕˡ
ҹ˺¶ߡ˫ֻۣڴţ˫ֻۣŵϵӰ
ղޱǽɣȴĪеһţ̲סɤӡ
һλةҵӣ˵λة˹٣ȥ˵С֪ѭ浸أһɲϳЩӣȫǸƦåڲƭ˽
ղޱһǡǡ
ȫ嶾ȫɺ¡ҲزңֻĴˡ˵ǵһʱʧҲ䵽ֵز񴴽΢΢һɬЦۼܵĿ࣬ôͬķʽ˺㣿
ղޱ˴һͷһۣȻеһۣתӱӵס˵ҡҲûв㡣
񴲻һЦֱ㻹ˣ˯ɡģһ㿴Ļңɱˡ԰գͷǰһǣת˻ȥ
ղޱģ֫Ҳ˫ۣһ˯˹ȥ
ͬʱԶڿǰĹٵϣͤͷñޱŲԶһӰлɡ
ɫôôˣлԾɴͬīѣǹͻЦָ֣ͤ򢣬̧𣬱ҪȥȴһƿһЩԵ͵ŻһѪ
ǸʲôлɻعЦʵ
ֻҪǣûȥǹϷͤɫ۵׷ɭĹ⡣
곡ϷѣлָĨȥѪۣߵǰαش󶯸λ𣿡
곡ϷȥѾͷΪʲôͤЦˣô£ΪԺôԵ𣿡
ңҲϣԺ󡣡лӿ飬ȴ·һαߣϡ
㡭á㡭ͤ۵׽ӨĹ⡣


155 . ˮջ
, Ӿơҹ䣬Ҳƹ̡
Ժ᷿ܽǶīɫĻ, ģߴ֦ݼ, , ſϸ֦Ѿҡҡ׹Ź
޷ڷ, Ѱ㷭, ߵԺǽ, ̧Զ죬Ȼ
, ӽ굽һ·, Ƕߵ̫ƽ˳𣿡ңĻ
޷΢΢һ, عȥһϮźɫԺǰ, ʵҲû˯𣿡
̫ˡңߵ, ˵
أõˡ޷ǴȻ˵֪ǸʲôΡ
ȵǶ, ߵ𣿡ңʵ
޷Ƕ˶, ȴû
⼸һֱ, , ͻȻçײľ, ҪͶң, һ, ͻȻˡ㲻ǰͷ嫳űػ֡㲻ˣּڽ£æ֮£ֻܳ²ߡ
޷⻰Ŀһǿ˶ǣƵЦôͻȻô˽ҡ
˽㣬ֻҲסңǰǳé®աȴСѿ͸ůթɻų֮ģҿеһ羻
˵⻰ٿػιһ˲į书Ҵû˱ȹڣĺ㣬Ϊʲô
ʲôΪʲô޷Ǵ΢
Ϊʶ̶£һǻϴңΪβϺ£ܲΣȫʲôãһҪңü΢ֱ̧˫Ŀ̽Ѱ֮ɫ
Щ˵δػš޷ҡҡͷЦҴС󣬿⳾ˣ룬Уз糾ƣغƴ٣УҲֻϣͨ쳹صͣοз糾
˶٣ּ˵ǰұ롣ϻ᲻һˣԣΪȾΪκԼϣĸԸΪͿء
˵⻰ԾͷңγϴҼˣ򵥴ģ棻ģααģãӵģꡣԭΪģ¶ҲŮӣȴ㡣
ң˫Ŀۿʪ
ãԲ⾲׵ҹܽţֻб˴ˡ
һ𣬶ŵôǴоѵһ㣬Աȥ
޷΢΢һ̧ͷԶ죬һǡӶߴرеһ֣һΡѻǷ񲣬еһÿһ̶ûãʵܹĳ
ˣңӣʵϻݣֻԬ᳤ŮĸǱףѵû𣿡
ŮӣܿأԳ⣬ٻؼҡ˵Ҳࡣҵ治Ǻ޷ҡͷ
衢ԭľ㣬ȴ裬Ψֱ֮ǺԵʣңʡ
嫳˵Щǰһֱ˵Ǹ˽ӡ޷ǵǾҵĴڣӰ˾Կرܰɡ⵹Ҳ޿ɺǡ
һҲû֤סңҧҧ˷ȥ£ضΣأΨһĳ룬嫳ڳǰԶǻѻΪȡһ׶༪٣ز
᲻ź޷ǺȻʵ
źʲôң
źδϴˢԩ޷ǵ
ֻźͬң߽ż⣬Ĵ
¹컣ڶϣϸĲӰ繲䣬޷Լᵽһ˿Ȼһḧգ̽縮ָҪ£ȴʱǰȴһڣ̱ʧȥ֪
ңָ縮Ѩƿӻ¶ףֱڵϡ
һеجξͶˡңգ᲻ֿΪزôİЩ
޷ͻط£㼴뿪ᣬݶȥ
ҹɫ룬ңԴɽ֮УһֻŸ޷תǰȵ²鿴ȴȻдƿ֮죬һͷȴƼ˳ǰ
ְɡң÷ϻ˷ִ෭ӭ㼴ӭϡ
ˣǴǰڽסΡն˵̿еĶˣǰһսн˶ʣ¶˱ݶߣƷۻ룬ӭ£зɽ֮ղޱ˶ԣӦȷԳңȴġ
ңѳʦţŹ浱庮¹жʱʮ꣬⹦в㣬ðкȻˣҡҡ׹ز𣬵Ҳˣ֮꣬δһᷴѧͻƱݣ书һǧԶһ֮ˡ庮½֣Ī˵У϶СУҲɲ¶Żʤ
ʹıҲ֪ʲô񽣣񵶣ŤһεУһ˫УǸֲͬıƴնһʹ˫ᣬңӦУȴ࣬ӯɳһṦ˾ȻһƬ½Ƕմ
ŮַǷԳʦ߻ǵ˫۷ɭĹ⣬βҵȿ۽磿
λҲ¶ҪԱţңһ쿪
һԾն𣬴Ƕѱ֯ɵ֮󣬷һԾ°ͷһֻ֮죬ķ֮仯Ƭɢȥ¶֮²ϵա
Уһʹ˫֮˷ϣȫݳбУâɭ¹·Ĺ⣬·ܱ˺顣
ңƣָ£һǵƣնֻùǽ죬еʱѷ˳ȥƫǻߴ󾪣Ӧأ˫Ŀżѣǻ߹Ҳǵնϣȥ
Ƶ˿ŵңһۣתߡ
šңʰڵϵıָ˺ģҲɱ㣬ǲǵȵ£ҲͬЩһ
ҡŮŮġ˵ڶֻ֣󾢷ͻӺĵǰ֮ӿһʹͷһǹıȻ壬͸Ƕ
ûüһֱֱȥ
ңŵϵʬ壬ĺǺһ¶ŤЦݡ
ǻǿģͣûκѹƽ
ȴֹƽ
ңץһgѪ߸߾¹࣬ȾѪ򢡣΢΢ȭָһɢ䣬ԭأԭ峺һĨ
ɢվͷҲ˿ȥ
ңһ·ǰУϼ֮ˡҲ룬ͨͨͽһն¡
ɫʣңȴƳ˺ҹİӰ£þò
ǺþʰһɭŮŴĻ

ԣ
flag ˺ʹ緢һ·ŰضԨ ŮѾɳˣŮħͷСҸ ӾơơԪ𡡶ӽإʫ ûסһʱûжҲһֱͬסϵƽŲҵ


156 . ɱ˪
⻰, мֶ졣
ңתǰ֮˵ģͤ
ͤǹһĨɭЦ, ̧ɫڸŵֻ֡һʽĺᵶ, ĩ˵ĵ, ΢ġʮơ
ңǰɭɭЦ·ڴ, þòɢ
񳾣ңõ
ϻһΪǶѾ, ͷ˺þá֮ͤ״, ںˡȻȽᣬ²Ǹð𣿡
ҪԼңЦһ, ζ϶, һӦ
Ϊ᲻ͤ۵׷ŹĹ, ᲻һֱΪڷ絲ꡭŶ᲻һֱΪڷ絲, ʹ˶
, ܹǸ쵱֮Ϊô࣬㱻˸
죡ң־еʱӿŭ⣬ȥ
ѽˣͤЦû֦Ҳ, Ȥ, һ, Ǹһ, ǰҸסء
ͤ˵⻰, Ца, ӸƵĿң
ңֻǾͤĵ
һ侲, ͤƣѲӿȴ޶ԡ
ˣĸ飬ֻöѡͤЦһ۵¶һбָٿһɡ
ӦأԲأҡһҡס
㲻ؼңңöĻ
񳾣ãЦȽƵк·ܺɱҲ˹¼ҹˡ
ҪǧָֻҪ嫳ڣҲɳգײԾߣҲǹв
ɱģֻ˵һҲûеڶѡ񡣡
ң԰գǰס񳾵۵׹ɻ̳ˮףš
ֻһХңεʣָͤüģֱ˫Ŀһһңһ㡣
ʣջУҲ࿴ͤһۣתߡ
ˣ»ͤߺ⻹֪ƲƵϡ
ԣңüһͷȴѲͤӰ
µĿӶϣ¡һһߡʽ죬棬Ź棬浾Ȼҡÿ¡
ڳʱؿջڵ޷ǱѾѡ
ȻҹΣ򣬵طȡ彣ţ뿪غֱ¶ȥ
һ·Ծƽ˳ó档
˸ݽ⣬ܸһƬĵģƽ˾һճǡ
޷ߵǰɮǰɨأԥҪҪǰһȴƼӭǰʩӷ¿
޷һĬ˵ͷ
Сɮİףɮ˵λʩڱ£ѵܾˡ
Сʦ·޷һ֣
İУֻɲׯϣľ裬ġ
ôһɲǣ㱾Լ̽Ϣ˵طô˵Ͳúõ壬һڸɮʥľ޵Դ
İʦ޷ǺȻһ㣬İʵʣ֮ǰһλ£
İҡҡͷ
޷ԣ΢΢ü
İ׽޷ȥԺ󷽵Ĵ۱֮ڣֻ嫳ɢڷǰ˫ֺʮĿĬľ޷ģҲ˵һԡ
ȴʱİײһ˳⣬˵š޷ǲ⣬ȴҲʶ鲢򵥣㼴ߵ嫳࣬⣬ڵ壬þò
㻹ˡ嫳ۣƽ񣬵ϷΪӲˡ
ˮĪӰԣǰ֮֮Ӱ޷ǵĻǣݹڷǰҲѼ񡣡
ľǣԣ嫳ʼŷĿϡ
ɻ߱޷ޱ顣
һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۡ嫳
Ϊֻ˵ʵ޷ƽ˭㽫ָΪ߱ҵΣ˭Ҹף׷һֱĹΪͻȻ⸱ģ
嫳ԣֻǹڷǰͷͷ̧񣬿Ĭľ
޷ǼˣҲߴ٣һϥ
ӡ嫳ȻŤͷľȻ
Ѷħôң޷Цһ
嫳ӻͳһӰ£˫֣޷ǰչǰ壬ݺƼ͸ż˿ɫۺۡ
ǿ壬ӿ⣬Ȼָ֣޷ǣƿڴħͷΪ㣬Ҽ˲Ż³ŮأǴնݳҼʴȣ٣С֪ϣΪ˻㣬ԼĺӶȴ㾹𱨡
ұҪΪŻɱɥħͷ
嫳԰գٿش³һ޷üġ
޷ǶʧѼֶ³̶ͦ
˪зû嫳С
֮ڣѪĽһϮ½ϴƬ졣ͬʱŴ㿪ʿӿУ׷׽
Сħͷڴˡ
СչļҲҪɱ׼񣬲˼ڸģ
ɱܵ𣿡
޷ǶЩַԴǳţǶ嫳ޱȷҪ·ڻȪ·ϣͬɡ԰գְνڵء
嫳С˿ڣ˿ſڵأѪҲſϻһ϶ĺۼ
޷Խ𣬱Ѵ˱֮ģ˽޶ݡӭ˳߳۱ܣĸ֮Уų⣬ᾫɵĵӡӶУбеݳֹɽɺŵĺ²£ŵޡ½նˣԼ󲿷˵ȡ
λ˵δʹ罣𣿡޷ǵһЦȸţ겻ԣָ㽣ЩᣬɱȸԶ֮һδûˣֻò׾¶
˵⻰ȻȡХ£⣬üչЦոλô룬λһһ⽣˽գҲʧˣǺǻҲκˡ
һһȸСħͷ滹ƺ
罣֣ԭֻڻţʹĽҲڼҴʽϣЩ򣬴֮ٷˡҽҲǴˡ罣ڻ֮󣬲ԡ罣ָ⽣
޷߽أչ¶ѧŴȲʮأδ֮û˴˽
ǣԱ󷽷⽣ʹҲµľѧԼڳȥ
վȺǰͷļʿ˵Цӿǰȥ㽫£ȴתХӦ
ӿۡһɳϺǰֻһλεĹâ⽣ƣһʱ֮䣬۾Ҳûȫ
Ȼ˲˿ǰʹֹͷһÿǰһ˿ڣǳбֱӿѪ
˾˺󣬺²ֹʽֻʲǶǰ֣Ǵ˿̶ɥȪ
޷֪Щ֮ˣĻϲ⣬֮
Է嫳̳һ󣬾Ʊǰͬ
δνġһ٣㹻˶ħ̴˵Ųɡ
˼ΣȻһƬ
ȥ޷ǣףﺮѧգЩϴ˶ǹˣҲֲ֪ȴ֪ѵ˾ء
ŸأڸһϰһܰųһȺث֣
ô˵ţĿȴΧ˼ȵ뺰ųȥһԷָϡ
޷Ǻὣ֣ȻɨһˣХһбȫȻԷ˶ڣӭȥ
罣ѸᡱָڽƣṦռعԲжʮɣۼ˲ˣȴԾŴյأ㹻ʩչ
޽½δΪڣߵǽ£Сʵնô²ԣ
½˸ɿԺս֣صǰһ֮ʱ˶罣ȥƳɾʡʱȻףȴҲ˴洫⽣ǰãʱʹɲϣԴ֤Ҳ֮󣬶Щӹ˿еġħͷ𣿡
½˵⻰һĨ´˳֮зݶԺһʯ
ʯɲСǵذΪǰһλڴУˣཫ񷨿ñԼأ̤˱λ治֮٣ȻΪֹ
޷ٶνǴ󲻾˷׷áڼŸHԴǣֱ
ЩţȴԼҲⲻ֮ûһǱභ
޷ǼΣһЦǱ϶Ӹ¿ŵһ˵ȣҡͷԡ
Ǹʲô޴ʧɫ֤ΪλҪ̤˱ģ
ҿûҪųȥ½ҡͷǳᣬѴǰ룬Ϊ֮£һˡ
Ѱ·ΪҪôް˼⡣

ԣ
ˮĪӰԣǰ֮֮Ӱ ԡϻ ࿴˼ һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۡ Ρͻ


157 . ɸ
̵, һӻѸӣ޷Ǻηη, ֪ڱ, ŲӰ
˵, ޷ǲΪХ½ĵ, 
ţӣֳȥ
޷ǲŲæ, һ, ۼǴ󸫴ͷɹ˼ת, ڵ, ҲŲ
ͷƳһ, ЦŶӵҲ⿴羰㵹ãһҪʧ׼ͷ, Ļˡ
ûйûйţӶ, 󺰣˭й
һŹĸ߸߳Ⱥ
ΪϵĹڽ, ˳ơ֡, ˵, ϵڽ, ʮءü֧ԾΪ, ëΪβ, Ƕ, ν𻷼
ȡ˹ңָһɣ𻷼ಡҶֱ޷Ŷȥ
޷Ǽ״ʱת񵲣ȴһ˾ޱȣӲȥˣһԾⷭȥбȥ
ֻꡱһ𻷼ббͥһɼ䣬ľ֡
ͥһСɮƼæǰȥΣϴҲûܰγ
˱Ϊ޷һˣҪǱ£ȴڿв֪ԺֶνһԾصǱ
̵ģСӻڵԲۡ
䣬ѽʹӺ
޷Բͬɾơ
ȥ޷Ծڱ
̵ģӺݺһţǾţ켸ҹӾͲţܲԲ˯߲ݡ
޷ЦԣȴȻ죬ܣȴһʹһƳһö֪ӺδĶڶ֮ڣƫѹסپ۰ʹ
ɣЦŰγڣжһҡͷЦˣҲӢۣ
ȶʯϵͷڹ꣬˵˲Ӣۺúֵľ͸
Ըֻɫʲô壿Ⱥ߳һ긾ˣλͷʲô򣬾ܶʹѽ
˿˸ͷڳʹߣ׷׶ļһ˳
Щϰ֮ˣƽƲϰߣ߳ΪõҵĩֶΣȻ˴˿̣ΪʤҲˡ
ٶһʱ֮廨ŵıҷɡ
޷ǵ𽣻񣬲ӯ֮ɣƮƮȻ磬軨䡣Ӱ⽻ڣ쵹ʡӰӰӳ⾪罣е֮ƣչֵ쾡¡
Ŵ˾һĿɿڴЩҲԾϧ˵ãȴƫƫԸʶħܽ˾ף̾ΪֹĹ򣬴Ӵ˱Ҫ˼䡣
ˣǺ֮
˫ȭѵ֣޷佫Хʹó뻯ȴҲסǧƵİ⧲öɵβܿǰ
׹֮ʣۼֿ죬ֿססΣѰʱصԭأȴеһǴ
޷һݳȴպʱ򣬲֪ʲôطܳһ֧̼ϵĻ۷˳ȥ΢΢üֻ˿ڱ֣ݲ߬ģء
̹ڳһڽʿҲ׷Χ
޷Ǵ˴մȾĻҳһ㣬С뻳һ̧ۣ˷Χˣһ˫˫ɱ
Сӣܲ˰ɣڵ
޷ЦһͷһʯǷɿӹһĨ
⸱ģƵᣬȴǷ߲ѡ
ʯڴ˴Ҳλ죬ȴ۽գǰĸ֮ԩɱ˪ܵߵݣ
ţǻԹ߶й˽С
·ɣӰ庮߲ĹӰȺߣǣ˪꣬˷֮н䲻Ҫȴд˵ȱأʧս
޷úؾϰͼн󣬹⡰罣ͷһǰʹ
ʳԱд˳ɣҲ벻ףԴľԼ˸߳ı¡
ȴʱ嫳С˿ڣſĿżߵԺС
һָߺû
˷׷Ťͷ
嫳˿ڣһߵȺм䣬޷ǵӡǽǰҲǱȡຣģ־ܣջͷɡ
޷ЦһĿⶨƬ̣̳ͦ
˼״һӵϣһԷֵȸϽ棬һɤҲ¿ôţҪڲɣ
Ż޹ء޷Ŀ䡣
嫳ıоο̤𣬱֪͵
һɱŷҲԭݱֻɣʼչ֮֮˺Ȼ嫳Ļѻͳս֡
һս£һһ޷ݿսܵУ¶ƣ̬Ե֧穣ҲԽԽࡣ
СŲԭ˵õܣƺҪݱʬᵱæȥǰ
徻ϸУ̬ݱˣæߺֹսȴѿƲסԽҵĳ档
޷ǺὣһҵȴһʹһѴ󿳵ֱûѪ⣬Щ͸Ƕ
һԵСɮ̱ۣٿ
޷ǿ̾ʹ͵һתһ߿֮ˣȴܿƵǰȥֻԽأ֧βȴͷĿѣһſ죬ŻһѪ
ۡ
ˣԭѩ׵ѪˮȾ͸˺ѣ紵죬һѪİ׷


158 . ǧزΥ
ӷ𡣡徻ߵȺǰ, ޷һڽʿ֮䣬˫ֺʮ, 徻֮, ɱ, λʩԼĪҪ˹ء
Ϻ, ǰӦúúõġɽˣΪ˺С, һ˵⻰, ߳ȺǺҶɽׯʩĸ, յ, λҲƼ, Сڤ粻飬ɱ¡ʱȺ, Ȼɢ
, վǶȻҪС͵Ϯһǿɹܲһ˽ӻ
ôǵáҪȼλųϵ룬پδ䲻һ졣
, ֪ʲôģ˵, ϻɽЩ, ŪþСӹ, Ƿǡɱƭˡ
Ǿǡ˵׼, λϻԩءȺв֪˭һ
λλ, ʢǰ, µЩҲò˵ˡҼŹ飬һֱλмӣȴѰ֮£Ūƣ㺦ҼҲ֪壬һɽǰ
ŴԣеĶ̾Ϣеĸʹ޷Ļ䣬ЩHûа仯˫ȫɫʡ
λʩԣ޵徻̾ƶɮȴΪıơ֮ˣسɷ𡣡
ʩڴ˲δ֤ʵԾɴλβȰ̻ȰƣοҪϾɱ
ûҪɱ嫳𣿡ڸߺ
ʦ壬ˡ޷˴ľʣǿǰŲ˼վ徻˵ǣˡһ˳еͺá
鸡ƣֻ徻һ
ɮ⻰΢΢һͷһۡ
麬ЦüĿʣй£̹˹һ˿һ롰ħͷֹҹ
ͱˡ˺һڴףһ̳̳ƾУܿ㽫׹
ҵڴˣѪΪˣĳа£˺˵ţ˵ݳذףһһָڵѪ
⡭ﻹסǣ½Ȼޡ
ҡͷЩõĶ˵ֻǽסȸλųһͬ١
ֻǵģŵˣֺ֦ڡ½Сһֻ򣬸ʵࡣ޷ҲǵģΪƫƫʱƲԼҪɱ嫳ɡ
˻֮ʣк춯
֮һʼ
һչĻҡҡҷҷӿƮ䣬һǡǸݾ޵Ůӣһᵶһߡīɫ͸ӨӨ⡣
޷ǻͷƼǻԭء
ⲻǵݳ⣬ͤͨʯǸ
찡˿׷ۿ
ǸǸϻظСħͷһɽĹ
ˡԲԣǿǻϵ֣ɽŹȣǰһָŻһǣͷ̵֣ʮŴ֪
ʲô֪Ļ񣿡
ŮħͷҲˣţ
ը˹һһ
޷ӿһ󲻰˫һЩ̱ڵءæסվӡ
˳ӿһƬ˷׷׻عͷȥֻһŹߣֳֺӰ̤ҶԺУ޷Ǹǰ
֪Ůûڳһ˼֪ȴһԴ˵ĵе쳣֣̿׷˿ȥ
޷ıӰȴκ
һӿ˳ű䣬ͣ򢣬ֻźˮѪˮǰ
񳾱ߣһݣ֮ӳ


ڳ˷׷׷̾Ȼһ˽г֣ң
ôǰѵ
ѵǡ
֪ˣѾͷСǲŮµ֣
ңߣ˵Ҿ֪ŮʲôԹҲҡĪҪΪ˼еݣ޹
԰գס޷ǵ֣˫ĿԭĮתԲˡ
޷ҡҡͷĿ̾
½Ŵ˾һһۣоǡ
ţʢǰһָңƾһŻ˵֪Ů
ŵĻɽңᵶָʢúϲϵѵ
˵滰Сͬɣ˽
ǣû׼ҲǼϸأ˸͵
Щ޷ҡͷ̾Ŀңϧ߶Ǻο࡭
嫳ңһ˲кӿȻлǵĹ⣬ȻƵĻɢ
С˿ڣųصĲߵ˸ǰعڵء
޷һʱܾңһѣͼסκ̫أӸվȣһǰԵȥ
ңæֲ絶
嫳һԲߵ˸ͷʱǰѶһ졣޷Ǽ۵һǵᣬزѯȴͷůӿ͵ŻһѪ
Ҳһɲ嫳һײǰһд󵶡洩أ͸ǶѪ֮Ľ
˾ȥȴ嫳˫ĿգȻûϢ
޷ǼΣãЦЦкᣬԱࡣ
Ůǰǳֵֻ֮մ˻һ˿ȥָңһƬġŮǣСӲ߻һϷԲáɱ
ǾǣɱŮ
˷׷壬վȺе徻Ҳɻ󣬳ң˹ȴɿ޷ǵ֣ǹһĨмЦ񳾱ߵʢѪƵĴǰ
ƣʺˮ桰ڡһײ࣬һһžǻ֮ȼܴ𣬽
š尡ɱź˷ӵϣһʵ½ˣҲԥ׷׾ǰ
ң˿壬лú죬üۣӳŭʢ
޷ǱǰȻŲһڵءսãˣǿ֮ĩԭȻӲһȺçɱ嫳̬ת䣬ǰнסεǿʱɢȥﻹվ
޼״ǰȴü΢Ļ˵


159 . 汧
ʲôûĻ, ǰսЩ
¡顭޷ǻá
Ļδ˵ֵ꣬ͷȥŵ, һŻüѪ, ̧ͷʱ, һƬƣȻκ
ηңл, нƣȴҵ, ֻԱΧ£, ·һȦǽƵģƽ
ңû˿춯, 䴦, ͷܶ, 硣
ϰδרעһŹ򡣹Ҳ˵Ķ, ȴƾһ;, ۵ǹȭƹ򣬶ѧģ񳾣ǽᣬڵ֮, ͨͨʹ˳
˹ΪŮ, ҪЩʿ, ֱΪ, ǰ㱾ٴ, ҲٱǰǸͶ١ѭŷŴսͷ, ͼѹ
˭ң˵, һһʽԼṦԶ޷֮ϣݳ׷Ƹ£һа֮ơ
˱ͻϮȴҲ۾ͷҲر㽫бһһ߷ɡ
ңͣȽסһбһֻú˸첲ǰн׷ˤڵϡ
ңԾ𣬽Ǳ˫һֻ𵶣һֳһʱ֮䣬ֶֻ˸֣ԭȾʢ˵ͷָ˼֡
ڲܲˣ߾ٷ֣߶ʮһͷ㳯ǽȥֻһ죬ؽбɶڵء
⽣ֻǷɺѰãֱ򵽣ﾭڣ
޷ǼΣҡֹҲ֪ǿ֧ӣ׳Х¸ߺһţ
Х֣㳹ˤڵأҲվ
ңǣȴѹ˲࣬Х£Ƹףת֮ʣһ񳾵ϻʱХ½ӿ
Գ֣֮һ𣬸ͬ·ɡ
ֲѵС䱾ȺȴʽѣһߣڵϴͼϨеĻ֮УƸ׵ˮ˽ȥ㱻ɡ
޷ѾƣߣȴԾ֧ӣĿתңܵ˺
ңݱ¶˵ľϣСɮȥˣȴ˿
޷ȫŷԼôæʲôҩҲû½ͳһֻɺ«ǰȡһŵ¡
޷˼УüƤ⣬¶׹ǣССһŵҩҲֻٶ๶Ӳдһ̱ˡ
ңЯĻĵ֮ǰ꣬ˣҲ޼ƿʩֻþ˵ˣ跨
൴һ˵ȣ˺ȵδˡԳ̣ûκʵ֤ĸŮƾʲôҿƣ
СŮƱ磿˺һ֣ʾ
칭һң״ԾһɼУ𻨣ʧ׼ͷ֮󣬺ɲȴʯϵĻʹ֮˻ͷȥȴ·𵴡
ﴣѿ
˼֮Ȼ
޷Ҳ˫ۡ
֪˭˵һˣ
ڣȻоչѾõķϴСһڵӣǰ˫ƺʮġ
޷Щ֪ӺδͻȻɮˣͷ񼣬ȴȻһ죬̧һƼʯݺѿӣһڽʿǰ߽⣬ɢһʯ顣
⡭ô˼Σ׷ͣң˵˻޷ԣ
ӷ𡣡徻ʯҡҡͷ
⡭飬ĪԤʾţ˼ԩ飿˺伱ȴҲη
λʩǰʩڱ´УԸΪעЭλħͷˡתʩ񣬵ǰ˵ãֻãȴֵ˵زʵΥԼοʩ־֤ʵʩǸλƵġħͷλǲҲˣ
С޹Ѿͷأָң
ǣŮڴˣ㵱ԼҵȽ£ɽӽ
޹޹ȥƳһ޷ǣССɫϣΪŮǶˣܾôˣ
ңԴ˺ᣬԷ޷һԻǰ¡ݲ԰ףްѪɫ֪Ƽأ˫Ŀرḧգʵ˵ôأһ۰ɣ
޷Ϣңʵ˵ֻҡͷ΢Ц
Ů֪㣬ϣʹǺĹԻ˺
ǣб۵徻֮أûû֮٣治֪߳ܣ
徻֮أңЦһƳˣŷҪ֮ʱĲ徻֮أ˵ţƵģǰȥ޷Ǵһǡ
޷ǴһЦ
Сӣ㵽ôģǰһ罣һӢҲ洫ôƫΪ˸ŮԶǰ̣Ϊ֮ɶԵԵеĽ
ʹ棬޳ܡ޷
˵ʲô⣿Ļǰ˴ա
飬Ǵ֮סʯҡҡͷλжԹ˳£˽ᡣҲֻ֮λʩ뿪
СӸղԾʯ֪ʹʲôʹСֹţȴ֮ڿڡ
ңһԣ޷һ첲Լͷ˲һȥ˼״ǰȴСǷ׷׺šڶ֡ǰ裬ֻ˿
Ǻòˡ޷ǻƳһѹѹһƬͷ㾡߰ɡ
㲻ߣҲȥңĿᶨһš
ȴʱವһһ֧𻷼УֱңСȶȥ
ȣ˵ڲɶ֣ɮǰ裬룬Ҳǵȳ˴֮󣬲ġ֪ǵãһ
ң޷Ϣ΢оһȥδƣȻعȻ
޷üһܽǰڻУ𻷼ȹǣдžֱӽȹǻϡ
ʮӣͬһƬֽҡҡλˤڵء
ңŭգ֣ݻͷһͷ
ǧһ֮ʣһӰشڶм䣬Ȼϡ
ңپǰһ¾۳ɵ֮ǽһôҲնȥ
Ůʩ˫ƺʮĿȰ
ɱ֮⣬ȴҪҡңҧгݣˣҲţ
ʩĪִԣɱۡĿɫƽӷ𡣡
ңŭһ۵޵Ȼתһ룬ɮȣ޷սһˣҪ˵ɱΧֻ졣
˹أƱת䣬ʱɾˡ
뼰˴ңҧԹߣȴҲֻ̲
Ƴһ۵ɱ⽥£漴ջ嵶ص޷ԣӣ˵ߡ


160 . ǧ
, һƬï֣ܵ⴩㽻ҶУָһ߲ĹӰ, ұԽ, һң̻̲
޷߽ĳڡ޷ǽһմ, ԵͷڿŲ, أ֮ɢ, ˿ٰ㴹ͷ, ĵɫӲҰס
ңһ¶ʱ, һ, Ҳһˤڵϡ
޷ǣң˲ˤ۵ϥ, æ, ǰסѪ˿, æ˺½ϣȴᰴ֡
ûˡ޷һҡͷٴŻѪ
ңҲ, æҴӻзҳҩƷ, ȴ
γ, ƿʣҩѲ, ȴϾ, ֻһԶ˿, д, Ŵ˿ӿѪˮɢ
ûӣұһȴû뵽ôңſǻѹǰ½һ˫һ뱻ѪˮȾ͸ҡΪҡ㣬Ҳð㶪ߣһԲ𡭡
ôɵ޷ǿʹ˶ǣͼ΢ЦƽǸΣȴǣ˿ڣҵĿԡ
סÿ³һ֣·ľ˻µˣһжɶ֡㡭ֻ󡭡Ҳߡ¡öСġ
ΪηҪɱ㣿ңһգ۱ȫѪɫգȻʵôҪΪ˵õЩͿ˺޹𣿡
롭ѦҲǡҲ𣿡޷ЦԽǿýʣס֣ûҵ㡭Ҳ֪֪㴦Ρ֪һɼ㡭ź
һ룬Ȼң״æסƾѪȾʪˮҲ಻סӿ˳ǲǺ䡭ôѪΪʲôֹס
ˡ괽ǹһĨοЦûǡжá
㲻Ҫô˵ң֣Լգ꣬ΪѾˣôԡС㲻ôľôңôãҵжõĸһˣû㣬ô£Ҫôȹ
˵ЩԽˮ£ʪһƬ
޷Ǽ㣬۽ǱǼ෺֮Сǿᣬȥ顣˿ڣอ˼صˣ⼫򵥵ĶҲʹԾȥŻѪ
ң絶ӵסٶˣûлȥҲһʱ䣬Һ㡭ܶ˵仰᲻á᲻á
㣬ұûʲôźֻǡ޷ȻʹңǷǶ˵
дһϣֻ÷࣬ȴĻ֮£񡭡ҵǣƽΪ֮ˣϾ·ָôĵ㣬ǰʼԩһܹѩ
޷ǡ
޷˵˴߿ѣ˻ʹһȭش棬ૣҾǲšûй塣ЩսթϲСˣƾʲôọ̃Ĵ֮ˣȴú
ңһ˿һҲ֣ҧŴǣ
ˣǿ֮ĩȫƾһǻ½ĵҩ֧ˡ
֮˾ǰ˽Ը˵ЩϢҲԽԽƤӳأĿ˯ȥ
ңӵһǣңһʱ֮䣬Ҳ£ֻǾĵ
ȴʱͻȻһŲ
ңʱͷ˳ŵϱϳӰӣȥĿӲɽס̡
ϳ΢Ŀ⻺Ǹݵϡ룬ϸ֬۽չϸС·ƺЩͣȴֱʮֵõ
񣬹ȻǺ񡣡Ǹ˷ɿߵңǰչϸüۣЦе˫ۣ峺öࡣ
ңʵʸǡ
Ϸ࣬ӵ˵ţ̽̽޷ǵıϢһûлᡣ
˵ʲôңࡱ֣ԭ׺ӿâ
һͷ񴡢ղޱ˼۵ݳ⣬ȴ˱ΧѾõĽǰΧ֮һʷ֪޷֮£ⷢӣǵһŶղ̫ƽִ嫳³ҵϢ˼ǰ󣬻ǳŸױЩ˵ȥ֮跨˳ǰһ̽
ɵ˵УȴֻһƬǽ壬ߵϡϡ䣬ûʣ¼ֻڵСɮԺдɨʰһսµĲо֡
˼ѪۣپɮӭȥʸȴȻһ㣬𣿡
һ㶣Ťͷȥȴ½Ʋ޵֣˹ǿһ
ô£ղޱǰʵ
½˼Ƭ̣㽫ڷ¶˶˵һ飬Դ󾪣˳𣿡
޳ܣղޱŭԼȣƾʲôЩϺҲǵģ粻֣ƫƫ˰˲ų˵һԼԺϴĻи˼ҵӣ
ǡ룬ⲻ԰
δԣӭǰ
ۺδԡ˵嫳ɮ˷ΨһľǲҪɱʦܵϧʦͬЩų·ϣ޷֪˼һ
㣬½֣֣˵Ҹҩʱ̽󣬿¡
˶ãüһ
һʱ½˵Ŷ˶٣ѹɤ˵ģЩ˼ʶǵ֣Էɢȥ׷Զס
ҲʲôϢҧͷһ룬ͷΡն˵ȷͷңޱ˻ûãͬһ·Īֿʱ֮ǰؿغϡ
Ρն˵˵ͷ㼴ת߳š
һĬɿ½յ֣Ժȥͣԭڵλãͷüã
ʩİɨ㣬ߵͣ£ʩ
СʦŤͷһüʵʯڴ꣬ôͻȻˣ
Сɮ֪İҡҡͷɨ˿ȥĿԶ
뿪ıӰͷֻô˼һж͸¶ûɵĹ֮Уȴ˵Դͷڡ
Ρն뿪ºŸ˶ڳУң޷ҪȻֻƫƧУһ·ǽѰȥղޱһѪԼ½յĻ˼ãʵ񴣬˵ʦ˳᲻Ѿˣ
ü꣬ڵԸƽ¡
ڳǽѰãһĹŵҵǼƾɵĳڿһˣŴһǽߣһ̲ѽڵѪż⣬ɢɢѪ㣬صӡȹĺۼӡЩڣЩ⣬ĻĲݼ䣬ʧ
һ⡣ղޱڣϸңǽߵĵݶԷһֻڣ㼴ݸ񴣬㿴ǲǡ
񡣡ӹڿ˿ϵӡüͷô£
㷢ʲôղޱվͷ˿Ȼסһôĸˣ
ͷŵʱĸˡȽţ˺ţӡѪʱ򣬵ϵѪѸһ롣м˵ҲаյĹ򡣡
ûнֵĺۼ벻׷ѡղޱ²鿴һȥʱ򣬾ֻ˵ӡһӡۼȽʱҪ᲻ʦزΣңȥŻᡭ˵˴ղޱɫرɷס
ԣ˼Ƭ̣Ȼʵʦǰô
ңղޱ˿񴣬Ȼߵǰ˫ַͷԣӦңǰǻң⣬һô
ţüһô
ȻǻȥЩˣһɱһɱˣҲҪǰ¹Ǹղޱ˵ţȻ԰ҪңķӦҲ̫侲ˡ
Ҿãʦֶ뻹šһĬǿھˮЩѪɾ
ҲáղޱͷЩҹʲô˵ţ㼴ߵԺУĴѰҿɴˮߡ
ƼǽиȱһľͰԼӴҡҡͷȥǽѰңȴһ˿Ķ

ԣ
˵Ůĺѿ˵һӦһҲôõ Ҿϲ˽Ůˣ


161 . 
˭üһ, ѭ켲ֻ֣һӰӶ𣬱㼴ǰ, ὣסȥ·
˽Ųһ, ˿, أĽࡣ
ü΢, ߵǰͣ£е⣺Ĺӣ
ʲô˰ղޱ첽׷, ߽Ŀ, һ㶣ǡô£
λ, Ľһֵ, 벻Ҫ, ֻҵ䣬ȷǷȫ, ޶⡣
ûŪ, ²Χ˵ɣҲ󡣡񴻺̧֣Ľǰ
, ˵, ּҪ, ˭֪ǰʲô˼ղޱǰһ, һԧֱָĽġ
λĽ໰һ, һس, ȴְѻ˻ȥ, ΢΢ص沽Ծңݿȥղޱ״üһ׷ϡ
ޱ״æǰס׷ˣȰĺۼɾ
ղޱвʣ
ܻ֪ġ˵ˣ֮ڣֻаӢϰһ߿ҲδؾסҲ֪һĻǺˣǲҪĺá˵ţղޱӣصڡ
˺òҵľͰӾдˮϴ˺ü飬Žںۼɾѭԭ·طϽ˵Ŷѵ︴ݣڳĿ¥ţһͬ˹ȥ
ǵ¥ʱбʿͬЩһս֮˶УȾƲȭַǷ·𽫰֮¶Ժ
عʱ
ǸʲôḸ׵ĺɨӳһ˵ȣﺮһˣ޲裬ЦλӢۺúǶԼ֮£һ֪Ȼôܹ֮󣬻ܵʲôûһѾԻ
عоյ֣ҲˣϢ
һԲһߵǰƳһۣӼͲһ֧𻷼а棬΢΢𴽽ǣЦ˵Ǻü
⻰ҪӦȴֿ˿ڣ˵ϧڲ۵ҲǱ˵ţʳָ£ָͬʱżۣϽ𻷺رѶϿɳȥ
Ŀת˫֮ܰһ֧۵֣ҲҳһҲǽš۵Ľ𻷼ڵϣת߿š
˿ıӰ׷ۿ
ع״ȴһֻѹڼͷͷһƼﺮվ󣬲һ㶡
ޱﺮղޱһ֣ȥʦ
ղޱҧҧ˵ȻղԣֻùԹתȥȴȻ˫ͬǦأãת˵㣬ѵ֤ʦ޹𣿺ö˶˵һôûһ⣿ڳôˣɻһΣ
Ƿ޹һܡ˺һ죬˭֪᲻Ǹı
˵ıˣѲ߻ģղޱͷһȣ˻ȥ
һ֪˶ãʩ˵յ˵ŮԲӣ䲻ˣȴŮңֻãҲ㲻ȫȻ޹
ʩׯ˵ãղޱЦµģɲ˭ĵԸ˵ʦ־ͷ죿嫳ȥɽģҲ𣿵˭գ˵˵˵ʩׯ˭
ѾͷѪˣʩָ
˵ľ㣡ղޱǰһȴסԡ
ʩׯ񴻤סղޱӭʩ׺ݵĿ⣬˵Īڳϣ³ӣΨ֮ΪأΨ֮ΪСʩׯô࣬кĿģλ֪һЦ֮߳ŭ԰գ㼴ղޱߵһſ¡
ҧĽ֣˵ôôԼأ
η񴵭
λλ޼Խ΢æٱ˵ҿλ˵öе˭˭ǣ޴Ӷ֤ȷжۣҵֺα˺
ǣҲ飬ԩȻˡȺв֪˭˵
оյϸƬ̣˼һ㣬ãȻһʩ񣬵֪λԸϷһԣ
γ˵
Ϸ򿴣һ£ǲ֮Щ̾˵ŮѾʵΪֹɵ㡣ȻҲҪλŹ֮ˣֻڴ֮ǰһЩʧٵĺӣҪ֮£ڣʵóǵ䣿
ɺγϣ֮ҲֲǣСûҲܾôɿŲǣ
ǣ˭֪ûֽţʯ˺򸽺͵
֮ܶ³çˣ»ؼǣܣ֡ʩеļû
Բһ֮£ǻƷǰ㽣š
ﺮҡҡͷߵΡնԣ°ڣ
ǺãЩǲӦأһڣ˫۾ﺮ˹
λģĳ˾֡ﺮڳһĵ̬˵
ãȻ˵ˣҲͲˡ˷׷Ʊյ
ֹһ֪˭ͻȻǲʲô
ԣһʱְƼ˵ǽ𺣡
üͷ˼֮״嫳ɽʱŮ֣룬Ҳ벻ףµͬŮʲôϵŮòġ
ǣǵ˵˵Ůǻ˵ȱ񼣬׷ۿ
ĸ˵˵ʩ
ľԣ΢оյ̩ȻЦĳΪǺγϵãֻҪҳı֮ˣҥԱܲơ
˵úáڸƳޡ
ţξôһ£ղޱЩһһߴߴ˵ͣԽеǴյﺮǰСʵΪҪȥ㣿Ǳߣǡ
Ա󣬸ַ˲ŮӺͯʧ֮£ﺮɽˣƱҪ²壬嫳´УǰУɴʦ룬Э׽޷ǣɡ±ֵˣκЩɣͼŵ㡣
ǡղޱ룬ȴǰѺͷĻ˻ȥ
ЩﺮԹ˱ƣһ˸ѡ··ֻԼȥߡһ磬Ǳһ̻ͬؽ꣬ٲִ¡
ԣüٿʵֻˣ
Ǳáﺮ

ԣ
оԼֻòĽ׶
Ƕ黹࣬ûڻͨ
Īڳϣ³ӣΨ֮ΪأΨ֮ΪСӡ
˵ľʩ˽Ĳģ𽭺
η߿汮ġ
Ϊ˵Ϊһ߶е


162 . ѳҹ
߳¥, 겻ݲݶܱ¹⡣
ϻԼڽ, ר̸ʱ, еķҡ
ΪжŮ, عδŮƫģһֱΪ¥һ
, ֣ȴΪ, ᵱŸɵ˴󶯸λ, Ȼ
ڻص¥֮ǰΪԼܿʲôӦ, ɵ߽õһ, Ƽ̬, ԼƵģȴԼǶһϷصθǽ, Ȼ, שʯһء
ǬָһӣԸˬдδŮõΡ̣һ򲻾С, ȥԺ, ޷Ǳֵͬһһ𳤴, ѪԵ, ѽԷ֮ˡ
ڵĶ, δ, ȴҲܴ½յת֮λʦĴ
һ, ֻЩԼһֱеĵ壬Ȼ߽⣬ּƺѺ塣ԽţԽķ϶԰֮Ծɻδ⣬˼ǰ󣬻վݲһ·߱ڣȥˡ
¸¹Ժڣ徻һھߣžˮ浹ӳӰ
ϡСԺƼӰ㼴Ųͣ
ӷ𡣡徻˫ƺʮŷ÷һݣת
Ҳô£Ͼ𣿡΢һ㶡
ҷȱնʩҲ֮һԵˣǿຣˣо֮ĵ徻˵
Щʣʦ𡣡˵λʦǷˣѳѳ֮⣬ȴΪλҪ쳾£
˽߾ȴ޼ƿʩΨƶһ徻˵ˣԴȱΪͨẦˣ
ɼǾˣΪλȻʧ
ʣַ;ɷʣ徻˵ͬߣɽӡβۣߣۼͬó档
⣿ƶǶҡҡͷ
α˹к۴徻˵ʩˣʩˣжɸġ
ԣҲ֪ԳƵЦЦȻתȥΪԼЩʲôȴû뵽ˣӹ˽٣֮ա԰գ㼴ݲ𣬷Ժǽʧҹɫ֮С
ɣɽˮҹҶ֦ڶỺ͡Զʱʱһͣˣһһ󣬶ͣòڡ
ңȪߣȻԶ˼
Զˡ΢߽ͣ£˵޴־鰮԰Ρ
ҵȻңҡͷȻЦܱȵ㲻Ϊݱ¶ŤתƣֻԹ԰
΢û뵽˻ش⻰ΣҲͬ˵Щ
˵ʲôҲˡңҡͷ̾ʢӲһͨ;߳ɾ·˶֪˭ƽȹ˽٣£Ҳᴦ衣ںڣʲôأ
Ҫ΢
ȻᡣңˣΪΪԼҶüֵס
΢գԡ
ڴʱĽŲӶң̻ͷЦ⣬˲ɿ˴룬漴ǰʵôˣ
ˡݸһʱѲ
˵ܾȻ𣿡΢Ȼг֮⡣
ҽɡ಻ŭ꣬ԾЦģٵȸ죬Ӧܹѡȡ
ȣңһѵ
ǵڣһ۱ƳĹǣڰֵֻҪ²µأȳˡ
һ¡ңüһЩڵ׷ɱǣ⡭
ɷģЦ潧ԴЩ󱲣ߣҲҵ
һ߶ˡңԣжʱӿһů⣬ȴԾɸе
СѾͷĪҪţԾЦĽ飬ɲǽü˲ԭ͸úúչ㡣˰ˣұҽʦʲôҪ
лңֹǸм
׻ض˵㻹ȥСӰɡ
ңһͷʾл⣬ųŲԶСľ˹ȥ
΢Ƴһ࣬һ޹ؽҪˣñأȵ
ƳһңıӰ΢Це㲻ˣ
΢۱ȥ
ҵòߵЦĸŮòƣȴǴྶͥһػ£壬һһ˽ˮһֻңȴҲԸΪġǰСҲǰ޹ضԴôȴǵ÷ֳ£
֪Ů΢
Ӧ֪Ӱӣ෴ʡ
΢
ʵ࣬ȴ־Ϊ⣬Ը档ϣ㣬ȴֲͷ֪֪һ֮£֮ˡҲ˭һӦԼκˡ
΢˴΢΢ü
ɽ¹ǳСľڣƻҡҷ
޷ڴϣ˫Ŀաɫɲ԰ףƵĵƻճ͵ڰͶӰ
ңڴߣС֣һģԽȻ
Ҫң˵۷£ԼҪ㡭Ҳϣÿһնܿ㣬ֻʣ¿ͻҲԱ㣬Ϊ㾡УɾԸ⣬ҲߣЩŵŻ塭
˵ţ֣ḧգ꣬չ˫ƹͷ࣬üĻĵʶǰҴδ鰮֮£뵽лԵ㡣ǰŵأһؼƮҡһ΢սڳ㣬ȴ΢֮أ㳤أ롣
԰գĿȻӵӣ飬ٷһԡ
ɽУҹɫףƮƣַֻͣԶȥ
˵мĨȥĴѰ䣬ʩλһңָȥѰԾ˸գֻգɢȥ
ﺮղޱҹ̸·֮ڰŽһ̽˽ǣȻߵٽĽֿʱȴõķųĻ⣬Ũ

ԣ
Ůһ޷΢һʱҲһյʼȫͶ룬 ǵڶζġ 99Ů1Ľƽ ʺŮʳ ,ַ;ɷ,ԡϾ ͬߣɽӡβۣߣۼͬó档Ͼǡ α˹к۴ο ⼸²鵽


163 . ղ
˶ٸв, æظϣǰȴסһɰ͵, ˿ȴΧ, һ, 꽻֮ڶٲȻս
ôղޱʧɫ, Ҳ룬ŻƱԺ, ﺮ״, Ҳֻø˽ȥ
ԺȻһţ뱾ŵӶһ, , ˽սľмҳ, ƻȺ⼸Ϊһ塣
ղޱӭŹ̵᷿ǰáһ֮, һ, ֻƼӧˤڵأǰһ˸߾ٳҪ̽ȥ
ղޱһ, , ᵴ˵, ӧ
ӧԼ޽, ԭѱ˫۵, ղޱͻȻ, һʱ֮, ־ϲ˫Ҳ˵Уϲ
ղޱͬѣüΧֻɿӧ֣һڵϵĶϽݲ̳ͦӭˡ
ԺڻԽңӿ䣬ԺвӰҲűΡ֮䣬ղޱѱ̵ķ󺹡
һֻ뽫ӧ𳡣սɱϣȫͣһǼˣһڲغ˼±㲻ٶûϢ
ʱ¡¡һ죬˻ͷһƣȴһԺǽשʯһء
ߣղޱһӧԺⱼȥ
ʱ˿̣@Ŷ̽ڻƽСԺǣ쳤͸ԺǽĴ񣬹żڸ߶½Զ׼϶Ҫ壬ȴʱһ˸պûͷݲԾһն¡
@æҾٽ񵲣н𵴣ѿ˲ķֻǸӣֻ˼±ѣ˼ۼԷĵնֻ֪˶̽ͷӴܣȻתȥһƺߣͷһȴһѪܵĽдǰأ͸Ƕ
ӦأǰֽӰ񴡣
ʦܣ@ӯȥ
Ŀ¶Զ㿪ɨһſڵˤ˸@ȵȥ
@ûüӦ㱻һ·קų˻𳡡⣬һѽϣϵĻţɨһ۾ۼһڴӻӳͬţвղޱӰҪٻԺѰңղޱӧ˸ʯ߳ţ㼴ǰȥղޱһʵû˰ɣ
ղޱĨһϵĻҳҡҡͷȻһƲС
ʯŤͷ˶һۣ¶ʱȻ
˰ٺЩ˵ͬţȵﺮ˽ʣµĵҲ˳Ȼ޿ɿƵĵز
˴˿̣ɫȫﺮһζӳ£֪θܡȻ˼̿δɢ࣬ʵ˾̴һѸ뿪С
ҹš΢£ӰбһƫƧƣߣ῿£ЪϢ
ﺮλһȴдֻЩˣش󣬱⽫ʣµȺУмԼδʦϤǲɢ
ϢЩŮǳĬһ󣬷׷ݱԵʦȥֻʮԼһֱڴ˵ĳ񺭡
λȥһԲߣʮЪϢ˫ֱɣĿԶ֪Щʲô
ղޱȻףƳӧüͷŽףƱһƵģͷԣǰһŷŤ˵¹ؽѾʣ˻ȥ
ӧһʹ±ղޱĸ첲ͷȥҧأþò
ղЩ˵״ģ@ʵ˵ǰЩӣʦֱΧ˵Ǹң̵Ů𣿡
ɣղޱͷݺݵһۣ
Ҿʣ㷢ʲô𣿡@ŬŬ죬㣬Ҳýһʦ֣οͬʦܡϣδ˵꣬㰤һȭʹȥˡ
˵ȷǹŹ֣֡˼书ߣѰˣȴδ˵ԼҲûźʦ˵᲻ᡭ
Ǹ˰˵
ǺˣҪǺܰ۳ˣ@Ϊм˵ʦֻˣ֪ҪģͲǸ֮Ŀǳ
ģ˵ûУղޱŭһ֪ƨģ͸öڻ⵱
⻰ҾͲˣ@⻰㼴ֱӣһôĻֻ˵һ룬㱻ס졣@ĳƪۣѨ䲻һ£죬ȴôҲ
ôܾô򵥣ĬõӧȻڵ֮ǰһжúõģͻȻͱ϶бԭ򡣡
䣬һΧȴһŹֵЦѭȥŷԳ񺭡ԾɱճԶ룬·аƵЦšղޱǰߵԶ£ʵ񺭣û°ɣ
ľȻҡͷ˫Ŀ
ղŷô£һҲˡղޱḧͷȰģܷʲô£Ƕ㲻ܵġ
񺭲ԣૣӢۻᡭ֪¹̡޹ءﶼйء
ղޱ㣬µǲѣҪ˵ȴýŲͷһﺮϻת㼴վֱӭȥ
æ¡ﺮʾ԰꣬һͬ˲ݵϣһڵӶȥڵ˴Σʼδȷҵأģлתء
ĬƬ̣˵ʦ֮ʱɽɽפ㡣ΪıгһգɵⳤӪ뽭˽ѽ֮˾ӱ֮Ϣ
٣δˮʯʹؽҲ˰㡣λãһ磬ɶλϴԸеӸֱ̣ǰأݱܷͷҲ£⣬ٸλϴţǻ
ǡһˣղޱɴ۾Σ𣿡
֪£İ취ʯο¶һսЩӣûǱ֡
ǡأִ£Ȼһձܽ⡣ղޱüǲҪȺܾã
£ֻءʯ˼ɫζס˫ʵڵʲôأ
ҡղޱһʱ۽ⲻԾƳһ񴣬Ȼüɽͬɽһϵһ¤ҵȥǧȻͬµأ£¸ܹ⡣
԰˵Ǹ̵ġŮô֣˵ŮʱСЩֻǰ˵ʦ̳ͬϹϵ϶аħŪöñЩͬҪһӶöزأôܻ
ţղޱ⻰ˢһվﺮᶨ˵
񴿴˿һڡȻȴָ࣬ȴˣһ·⻹⣬ͱЩˣΪʦȥɽúչǡ

ԣ
ղޱңʵٺҲ ޶ԸcpͻȻһµ뷨ϧṹѶʵֲˣگƪʵе


164 . 
ղޱ⻰, Ťͷһ񴣬תܿ
״ҲδĻ, ʱ׷ȥ
ôˣ֣Դ, , ʲôʱʼ
һãʾ, ŤͷŶ߿ķüĽ
ղޱһ·С, ȫȻ, ֱһСסȥ·ͣ¡ˮػӵ֧, ԳҰ, һֱ쵽Զ
±һ, ͷǰֱ, һͨĺ·, Ӳǰüƣ˫סһԡ
Ӷ˾ͲҪ˵ڶˡղޱ, һ, һϥײС, ȴ㿪
϶Ҳ˵񴼫, , һ𣿡
û᣿ղޱü, ⳤ˵ʱ, 㿴ʲôӣƨҷţһһԺ󶼱ټˣϵگ˵Ĺһһˮ飬öˮڽһҺ˳һȥͲ
ⶼĸģ񴱾ͲԴǣ˼ңȴֻӣʵҴӦˣ
˭ѽղޱӵۡ
ʦ˵Ǿ仰ҴӦ𣿡ֱ˫Ŀʵ
ҡûղޱȥ
㵱Ȼûε˵ˣҵȻȹ㡣
ǡղޱĿŻЩô˵
ûáҡͷֱ˵֪ʱֱϵرȡҲˡ
ǻǵͬƨղޱ˦֣˵ߣ򡭡ҲŲҪȥɽ쿴@ǰߴߴᣬһ޲ð
Ҳͬߡƽ˵
ҲУղޱָŮӡأʲôӣ
ôʵ
ξΣңղޱѻЩһ⻰δٴӿͷͼǯƵ˫֡
ȵȣæֱ֣˫Ŀôֲˣ
˵ʲôղޱ
ü΢˺һȷҶִ˺󣬷̽ſڵұͬʦѻ˵㷽ԣַѡ񡣡˵ţϸ˿ղޱ飬ԾɳƬ̣˵ԣϣô
ҡղޱһʱ
ڶںӱ̸߽֮ʣﺮʯ뿪Ⱥߵ˲ԶĹľԺԶԶ
ʯڴʱȻ⵽֮䲻ͬѰܾٶƼǰΣδе⡣Ƿ裬üͷŲԶΡն˿ã˲˼顣
ﺮһָҡͷЦ˵ƫͲš¿ˣ
⺢ӡƬ̣ǰҲûкͻȻ͡
ϻȥ˵;˺£ʯˣЩʱձۣǲϡ档
вϡ棿ҡͷ˼⣬£ͬڽ곤㲻㹲ˣ֮ǰƫƫһͬУǰͬˣο
⻰ĺͽܡʯƳһۣȻ˵οʲô
䣬ӱէȻղޱĸߺģԺҸ߸·Ұôôܲţ
⻰ﺮ˲ԼͬѭŤͷֻղޱһƿ񴣬תҪ߿
ƽռ˽ģŮҵ¸һϲͨղޱ֮״²͸ʲôȻΪաֻǲﺮİţԸֱǲɷ˵ֱߡ
ղޱʼº˸һҲ϶
ȥʦǣѻ˵˵
Ҫˡղޱָ
Խ벻Ϊ˱ŤʻȴýŲתͷһȴﺮ˫ָ󣬲˹
š˸æɫʩ
ű뽻ǰ£ûü˵㲻֪ȥﺮλ˵Ҳͬ¡
ʲôղޱ
ˡﺮ
֪ˣղޱһ飬ŻǲʦǶ֮ǰڸݴӦЩ˲֣˵˵ѣ
ﺮһס
ˣٺòͷӦ
ղޱŤͷƳһۣź֪ͷŷģ̡
ҲһʱһҹҲ١ﺮЦһҰɽפ·߽ǣպҲ硣԰գ㼴ת߿
ղޱ۾ǰ̽ͷﺮԶֱӰʧͷʵǲǲµʲô
ϣ˿𣿡ƽ
ǡҵԺأղޱüʵ
棬Ҳֻһһ˵ţںӱ߲ݵ£źˮ԰
ղޱ˿΢΢һתȥһЪ֮룬ŻĲԣ
㲻֪Ȼʵ
ûСղޱŲԵĺ浹ӳӰҡҡͷֻǲ롭Ϊ˶Ů˽飬֡
ԣʹԼίҲԸͬ飿˵꣬ŤͷȥǣԼż
ղޱôţ֪ģȻеһ˿飬Ŀһ󣬷գգ̧ۣͷӣһſڣȴտҲ֪˵ʲôźá
㣬ԣƬ̺󣬺չһЦҡҡͷҲգҲáҵˣЩҲ١
ղޱԣһü̧泯ȥǡһӳˮ貣һʱ֮䣬ôˡ
ͷ紵ǳݣϸܵɳɳɫãһĻ뻭
ҹɫŨղޱͷ˯ȥһӵԶӶ԰֣֮䣬رɷôʱղޱ
ʱĸƯĺ룬δܹ±֪ҡΪʱֵ϶Ų֪ǰĸ׸Ƶĵ£һǼ⡢ͨ죬ظڷͷȴظܵ£Щͬ亢ӷ׷׵Щ˵ʲôȴֱеͻľ۽ľִٸУԽ̧ͷ
ȴʱһȴϸŮ紫˹ʲôÿģֲûˣ·Ҿȥţ
⻰˵꣬δȫɢִһȶĳޱ͵ܳˣյĹأ
䣬߱˼ٵܲȵڹ̧ͷǰԺȻҲԼ֮ĵӰ
뼰˴񴲻Ťͷһڳ˯ղޱǲ⸡һ˿Ц⡣
⴩͸ڰҰһɵ½ŷѴղޱŹǷ˫ۣŷԼӧԡãȻӣҲڸһ㶣ȴڲԶվߵǰ΢Ц˵ӱ߷
ԡְ˻ղޱʵ
ʦְ㱧ġӧ˯ۣûɵ
ղޱ⻰첻ԣ̧һƳ񴣬Ѹٱȥ
װˣʦ㡣ӧֱӣղޱŲŲôӦǸ˶ˡʦҲ˵ˣǵ£棬ڷⳤǱߡ
ˡղޱվִ˴ԸнӲĺ󱳣ӱƵȻһ㶣ȥˣ
ڵԣѰȻϸѰһԾûҼ񺭵Ӱղޱҹ񺭹ľֹĲڴʱƳﺮȺæǰţ
֪ﺮɫ˵ʲλϲ鿴ӦԶˡ
ô࣬һи̡ղޱ
ĿɱҲвʡﺮ̾˿عҰұʹȥΤһ棬ý¸֪ӣֻܰð£Ī顣

ԣ
÷Ȼͬ cpӶ cpʮ߰˲ſʼϤȽ رϲ


165 . ɽɽҶ
ʢĵɽ, Ƶݺ䡣Ϫˮʶ, 峺, ˮ⵹ӳ, ɽȣҲⰻȻϢ, 硣
޷ǳ˯գĺڰ, Ӿͷսһ, ˺ξضɬƤһ, Ƽңڴ, ˫ۺȻ˯, پһ㱣˻֣ң
ңż, , һ̧֪ͷĿӣ㶡
޷ǽ, ˴˿̷֪ǰβξ, ΢΢, ¶Цݡ
ˡңڻع, ¶ϲɫ, תΪο, ˮת˲ӯۿ˫ֺסڴص, ־ϲ־һʱ֮䣬˵
޷ǣȻſڣȴ˵һֶޱȡ
ңȻüСʵôˣ
޷Ŀҧѵðǿһ֣
˯գ֧ŵʱʵסңûûҹڴ˼䣬Ҳʱ⻰æŶĴѰҳʳȻ˼䲢÷ʱڿտҲ΢಻СԺڡóգֻöֻժһصڣƤгСιС
޷ǻˣֶղʳ˹úܣ˿ã׽ʵĶҲΪңιңתԵ˱ˮڴأСͷһι¡޷ǻƽͷһصϣůȻȻɫ㲣µûΪ£۵ǸΪҵˡ
ʲôң´ɱŲŲԺͷʵλãص߰¡
޷ǱܳȻһʹֹֻţĿɿɨϷ΢΢üģô
࣬ң̴ǰʱֻʣһұΪһڽӣ˭֪
࡭޷Ǵ󾪣
ң˵ͷָһǣգȻ治룬⣬Ҹԡ
޷չգ˵˼ǹңҾǧٴΣҲֵˡ
Ҫ˵˵ң΢΢棬ˮ˻ȥһӣȥǰ˵һʱỹ޷ָ˵Ҳһ²վͰˣ£ͱˡ
ǡ޷Ǵ΢ĿɨüۣЦ𣿡
ңΪĲѣ⻰һЦﺬˮƳһۣʲôʱˣ˼Ц
ѲѵǺ𣿡޷ЦԼ˵϶Ҳ֪ǻ桭ﶼǴǰ£ҿҵʦɽŵӱ߳㣬һ⾰Ƿɿ죬ת۱㾭ô£䣬ûһĻġ
˵Щ˫Ŀһ˵ΪңԸ΢֮أֺγ룿ϧƣԽֹۣҴֻԽԽ跨ҳʵֻ֤ĴƯڸ׷ɱ
ҲšңҡͷҲѦֻ죬伣ҲЩҺһӡǣҲҪһԡ
޷΢ЦԽ᣺㡣
ң˫ۣǼͷ׿ǰٷһԡ޷Լеָⴥһ˿̵ᣬ̾һ˫Ŀ
ãۣʵڸݣҾ㣬ǰѵͻô㡭ͤˣ
Ҫˡң૵ʲôҶܶ㲻ܣ壬Ҳˡ
ɵ޷Ŀ̾
СݴȰ뿪֦ӹǰԶ죬Žһķ
¥鷿عŭ£˷ܷĽɽ
ƽɣһ𣬴˿ȴ֪ģԸ׵ָ𣬾侲ֱӽع˫Ŀüͷһһʵңִһɣָʲô
عԲ״˵ߣҲŵΪᡣЩҵĻôϵʱȴҵĴ
һս¹ش󡣡ع֣˵㵱˵ʸСΪֻ֮ô㣿ֻһ֧𻷼˼򵥣޷ɵ׻̵ŮһΪ֮£Ȼɶ֪ʲô
ʲôҲֻ֪֪˲ҡ˵
Ϊ¥պˣͲΪعȵ
ִɣζҪΥģβˣλãһ粻ҪŸףӻͳһöӡǵĽƣϣתߡ
Ҫʲôعͺһ
ʲôΪ⣬ƿЦıԣĶθڡҲ뷽跨Ըң˸԰ãǽԴϲô԰ձȥƾعκҲͷ
ǰԺȻһ㣡

ԣ
ʵʦĺܺãһǸֱмֱŮ


166 . ιȲ
һ, ͷƼһϮ°ŻȳԼĳŵ㼴ӭǰȥ
Ҫ𣿡ǰͣ£סֵ, ˫Ŀ, ʵ, أ
㡭㶣˵, ǡ
㲻˵ٶ𣿡ü΢, ¶ɫ
һĬ, һҼȴӦҪΪõҽʦ, ;ʳԡ˼, Ҳȫ, ⣬ͬһȥ, Σ
, չüĿ˵ͷ
һ븸׶һģɵ̬Ϊȴڼչյһ̣ȻࡣԻ, Ҳǡǡ, ȫȻδ˼, ֱ߳¥š
, ̤Ǵ, ڳнֵ, ĿĿ, ɽг󣬵֮ʱڼУԼزҲ㵽ܣ˽̱꣬㱻ֵⷱĽ۵¶˷ܵɣĿϾӣǻϲԴУԽٽʦţԽβԣƽϣʱʱײеʦֵܽãɽȴΪ쳣߹ǣһҲ
һ̯ǰ÷񱼶ȥһʱûӦһЩˤɽҰӹǻǿǿܸĽŲ
ȶ˵ôǰƼĿ棬һʱ֮䣬ԭء֣ײײԺУһͥԺѰȥȴֻԫϱڼһ̵̲̲ĺںɫѪ֮⣬
پϥ̱ڵء°ڣһƬ棬㶵ǡô£
Ź˶áૣҾ֪鲻˼򵥡
㡭ü΢򭣬¶ǡ
ԼĴѰﺮ˵ټϸȶԸԺµӡѪµĺۼԽ϶˼˵Ȳδǰĵǰ⣬ԷЩ䣬ǰЩӼһһѯȴЩ˶˼һ㣬ƺڽҹ˳ȥ
һ󣬶ĸƣ˼ЪϢ˼㱣Ȼȴ㣬㣿ʲô
㱻ع˿Ծ̾˿ķˣķңȷһѰֻȣһȷ磬һҡͷ̾ʲô˳ϣȰҳ˵ĿǰǴӦţΪʲôᡭ˵⻰Ĭ
̶գԭׯϵôԺȴѱ˲ԫϱڣе¾ԽȣȴƫƫҲͷ
ȷѪꡣ潧Уȴݺ뻨㽻ӳȤ
ԼһˣңĻɴۣһͬȥ
ˣǣ㡣´һ֪һߣֻݱ䡣ң̾˿˵֮ǰֻ˽»˽һˣҲѱᱻ֪Ȱ뿪ΪҵĹִˣҲѴ̡
ҵˡҡҡָ߽ԣв֪ΪȴҪ࣬ëɲãΡ
ʲôëң⡣
ƷȻס˫ɫ⣬ţһƷɾժˡ
ͱȡЦˣң˷ΣҲҪȥܰġ
˵꣬ü΢΢һ˼Ƭֱ̧̣˫ĿȻأοҲԴС
úúã˵㡣ڰ֣ͷЦƣŵˣ˵죬Ҳǧš
̻壬ұˡң֣ʩ
Ȼת뿪֮ʣ΢Ļȴ˹Ҫȥģ
ңһ㶣ŤͷȥֻƼ΢˫ָ󣬳ȪߵĶ
̣
㻹ûشңҪȥģ΢ߵǰվ
ȥ̽ΣҲΪ㡣ң
ʲô㣿ΪЩνӢۺܣݵ㣿΢̧ɤ΢¶ɫ
ȻǡңҲܾô׶ģһзִġ
зִ磬ôߵһ΢üĵͳ
ҴǰòãľҲɵġѵҾӦʲôҲɴԹ𣿡ңֱʣ
΢⻰Ƕ˶̶䱳ȥ˵
̣ңĿҲ֪ǵҵİȫһô£Ҳûü˼ʲô⼸պú룬ã£Ҳ࣬˭֪Щ󱲻᲻Ὣǣ浽Σܸÿ
΢ĬãڵС֪ɵһ˷գ
֪˳ҲʲôңֲȥƴûҪͬ˵
֪˼öࡣ΢üͷгһˣ淴ˣĶ֡
Ǿ͵浽ôһ˵ɡңƽ
Ѿͷ΢ڱúͻҡҡͷˣЩ˵ߡ
˴೤һ¶Цݣ˵ţȥҩ԰գת߿
΢ʼղϻͷŲԶȻĿһ̾
ңһԲ
ƢҲ֪˭΢Żת̽۹һ壬¿徵ӸǺ˳㶼ûôִּܻ·Ѿ˼㸧ˣΪ˽̻Щ
ˣĸšңͷ̹Ȼ˵ȻУ˲ֺο˷ѹϣ
㡭ˡ΢ٶȱȥ̾˵̫Ҳ֪˵֪Ӣۻϡ֮ǰϵѦǴӢۻᣬѦ۽ɽׯ壬ټһãƸ·Ӣһո¶ͷǵĻᣬʵڸԳϱʤļˣѦʶедŻᵽ
ң΢΢üԣǳӢۻᣬʵΪԼš
ⱾҲ޷۽ɽׯûֻ꣬Ѱ¡΢ʱ罣֮ʣ⡣½ΨһһײǳӢۻͷ֮ˡ
ҲϵԲԣңһöšȥֵӡ£˵Ǵá
öӡµˣ΢
ңԣü΢
㲻֪ΪλΪ̵ʥŮ𣿡΢ӳ̵ģǱˣǳ¹¶öӡ£ԭġ
ң󾪣ʵ¡ǳ¹ôģΪҪɱ񺭣
ϸڣҲֻ֪֪һս󣬲Χ˵֡ɱ¹Ƕʮһǰ£ͬ£ݣֻϡǵãѦ˽ģ¹˳ͻΣѲö֪ˡ΢ѦΪ֪ǰźһУ֤˺֤ݣýҲ
˴΢ԽеʹļףĵϧϧʱǶרѰЩѺŮӺͺӣϾ˼ЩŻ˿ӡ
ˡңȻ򣬡ǰ²Ķû¾ѦصԼߵһӣЩԳȥ£˵סѦˡǽʧٵǡΪʲô
΢һףȴ˵
ô̵࣬˕Fԣңüͷ
ͬҲЩϸ֦ĩڣҺұģչ˵ķҪңƤҵɽҲţ֪ܶҲã֪ô࣬öһһֱɽһȴʼղȫò֪Ӧ֪öЩֻϧ޷׿ڸˡ΢ΪȡЩ˵ΣʥӤϣʴǶˣۿӣһ˥ȥΪЩ޴֪ˣ˵ôֵ𣿡
Ȼң˴¶Գ֮ɫôڤءʲôʥŮǧǧﵱûð棬ЩŮѡλ֮ˣ
˵ǽмʥʥµģֻ̲Ѱ˵ȣ޷ܣΨ֮ˣɳȴҪٲ֮ࡣ΢ûлۿҲ޴̽ഫϹʱڣԭأսͽ׷ʥĴշתʥأֱ֮񷡢֮Ԩ֮¡֮Ԩ£ָڤ֮ʳڤɴ˵֮Ǵ˵֮ڤݽߣһˮ̺ͽʥ֮벻ףӺδǷ˼еĶ
ңȻ
Щ˵ɽʯϣϧѾãּģ塣΢̾ʵңҸȼǴһʼδˡߡǱԾȸˣ˭֪Ѧȴ󵹸꣬ҧһڣһУһ֪޼ƿʩֻ跨߱ѺɽЩˣֱһ̣ûҪԼ˵ܾһһ˴΢Ц
һһ㲻סңģ¶ݡ¶ԭʥŮĺӣʥӤϣǡ˵ˣֻҪһΪҪץôŮˣ
ΪҪģǧ츳֮ˣվֻο֮Ͻ֮λ֮ˣ޺󣿡΢ҡͷЦԽɬ
ң⻰߬ȭ
֮£±ˣ΢м㡣
΢˵ţ㼴߻Էң⣬ֻø󣬵ȵ˷ǰֻ·һᣬżݸңңӹᷭһף¾̻׵Ȼͬ
ﵱӢۻһսĵΪ΢Զ̲ʲôֻܰѵ׼¼㡣½ĵۡ˽Ϊ֮иж밢¶ᣬûʹúá
Ϊ׵ᱻԪ͵ȥңüʵ
д⵶ʱ򣬸պý۽ɽׯԪѦʱʱײʽ͵ѧ˼С΢ɫ䣬ƺԴΪм
ңͷ
˵Ļ˵ˡ΢ôȫƾԼԵģұ㲻ˡ԰գ㼴صڣعϷš
ңƳɫѣҲ׷ʣֻ̾˿ףת߿֮ǰֻͷһۡ
潧УͣһԴľ
߷ɣտԶ죬ʧС

ԣ


 ǰûǸֵգ 


167 . ɪɪ
ȫؽͷϷ̨, ̨һ֧ڱݡ
ֵһݵ̨ŨױĨһ鲼Ƶһֳһ, ԭվ̨ϵǼο, ȿ
ǲ˵, Ҳʹ⡮罣ǿҵĽ, ǵĵ졣˵һڿڣ̶ǻ, Ц, ˻顣
޷ǣһĿǰһ, һӱ㽫, 罣һӢ, Ҳ洫ôƫΪ˸ŮԶǰ̣Ϊ֮, ɶԵ, ԵеĽ
ѽһţŤ˵˼ҲֻǱŮƻ󣬲Щ, ôô˵أ˵, ֱһɡ
̨¿Ϸ֮, ƴһĻ, ôЦ
һͷĻİŮȺΧ, Ŵ˾, Ļ, ת߿
ŮǱˣ;˵صң
˵Ϸ룬Ѳ֪һ·ĵڼϷԽԽס
ϷĽǶͿ֬ĨۣɤӣŤŤſЦúܡ
ЩϷķһϷܳǧ˰ٱ飬ϷҲǲ
ȫСسǣЩɵһʱҲԷҲϵ٣Ūôһ
ңףǲ
뿪潧󣬱ɿȥ֪̽ñʣѰĴõϢһصĽ޲Է
ңƿЩ˹߳о·ߣȫأ㵽Ϣ
ȫأǳݡңڿʣøˮѭ˹ȥȻƼԶһСϪ
һ˫ٵŮϪߣһֻͲҨˮ
ңߵϪߣû£ѽһŤͷһȴǷŮܾƵվ
ˣң㶣ʵ
ҡûŲΪǡŮɿҡͷûѻ˵㱧ֻʢһˮͲ̤С鲽Զ
ңᣬǸһgϪˮûüȣƼˮмֻɫСȥ
ͫ׼һˮڵϣȥѰŮܿķ׷׷һ·ȴòԶſǻļкӣȥˣ
ң΢΢üҶǰȥֻƼŮվһƬտĲݵؼ䣬ĴƺԼӣпǻԽԡ
ңһ
ŮܾŤͷƼ¶֮ɫ˿ʵôô㣿
ղŴˮˮƣܺȡң
ˮơˮƣŮһʱûܷӦظһ飬Ȼ򣬡ֺȽƢ״ˮƣ
ң˵ͷ
Ů򴽣ԾĴ
𣿡ңǰʵ
ҼӡŮҧŴǣȥˮڴ˵ң˭֪˭֪һĹȴˡ
ңɿһǰŮŮһѾߴ磬ɫأϹһɵ׹ӣϲ
ʱѹѾȴű׵Ьй䡣òҲ֪Ͷˣ⸽ϵĸ
·ˣңŮ֮״ҪҰң
ԸңŮ¶ϲɫȻع˺벽Сǡ㶼Ŀʾˣ¡
ңԣҡҡͷժͷĻ顣ŮĿôˣпƯ
ǿЩȥӰɡ
ң˵꣬ͷѰһСѾߣѭӡ߽֣߳·ȴ㼣ʧС
üһּѰƬ̣ȻƳһһö壬㼴ʰ𣬵ݵŮǰʵӵĶ𣿡
ŮϸһۣҡҡͷȴȻסһ졭
ϵã
Ͷأֻг¸Уϸ¡ϸ£ͬǵҿ壬ɵһ飬ѱĹȼӶˡŮ֪󣬻˺þء
ô˵λȼǺˣڴ˴ң
ˡˣŮȻ¶֮ɫҲһǱץȥˡ˵⻰һʱɫɷףڵأ
Ķϸͬ˵˵ңȻ𶫺ҸӵΪʱüʲôˣǲǳŮʧٵ£
Ůֻ˿·ȫûĻ
ģ˵ãңǰһ̧ɤ
ŮһſڣȴƬ̣һµҪߡ
ң״ʱǰһסʧʱ䲻ãһü㵨СʱҪ˵Ǹɱˡ
ǡҲδءŮҪôǺˣ
ˮ֪𣿡ңɿŮ֣˵
ŮŽɣȡͲ򿪸ӣϸһۣȻ˾޴ƵģֽͲ˳ȥ
ͲŹأϪˮһأɫɺ۵ĺɫˮƸʶݵϷŤš
Ƽˮ꣬ж⣬Щң˵ţǰȥֻͲʰϸӣݳȴŮ˼
Ůδ̧ϸңãڵȥꡭȥ£ϲҵŮͻȻˣ˼£ڽһʬףʬϺöദĹⶼȥûĸκ۾ϲˣͿ޵ñȥҲûȻ
˵λʧٵﱻɱˣң˼Ĵ°Ůӣȴɱʬо
㣬ЩŮʧٵأ
Ůͷ˵Ժÿһʱգͻᷢͬ£ȴû֪˭Ҷ˵ѪģǶʳˡ˴ҭң״㼴һ£ŮһĨᣬһҭڣҡ¡ġ
Ҽӽ楣ǳʿŮĨ˰ᣬ˵ҲŹ֣ƽǴŲŲǰȴͻȻ֧ңܳ𷣣˳׷˵ڿʣȥˮ˭֪͡
ңһĬʵ˵ǸȼĪҲʧˡ
ϸʧٵġŮĨһᣬͷĿǰΪֹûҼʬס
ôλȹڳʧٵģڳ⣿ңʵ
˵ʧǰʹڼ֪ľͲˡŮ˵
Ҳ̫Щңոռ񵽵ǿ壬ü
ǲ˵ȼҲŮҭʵ
£ͬһΪңһ˼վּҶѰ
Ů״ҲߣһѰңһҭҪҲô졭ö˶˵ģ¸¶Ҫˣƫƫ¡
Ŷңԣɻͷһۡ
ŮͷȻһ㣬ˣҽӣ֪ôƺء
žң˵ֻ꣬תȥһһ˶ߵӲݣǰȥ
ȵҡӵңĿȴһԹľ
չĿܣֻⶼǸߴľΨ˴ŹľΪµһ㣬ۼҲδտǴԹľϸ۲һȴδκ쳣ĺۼȻ̧ͷʱȴΧľڳͻȻҲƱתһźö˶վӣҲټ
ӣңʶ˻سľǰλãȻ߳ȴ΢縧֦Ҷɳɳ˿졣
侹ȹ֮£ôˣƾʧңľȴû·ּ·ƾıڡָҵŲȻȻΪ£ָαλһ
ңҧֻӲͷƤѰҳ·֪ɫУƳһƬڰ֮УԼһƻƵĹ⣬ѭ˹ȥ߳Ƭӡ
ǰģһС¥С¥һ䰫Ǽ䣬ŵơң۾ȷǻþ󣬷ߵǰ췿ţȴδӦֻһ󻩻ˮ
м񵽵ǿ壬¾ֱ̧ƿڵķšһɲǣһŨصѪζǵؽΧȻңһȴס
СУڷһֻľԡͰͰвһˣɢǹգֻ¶һͷƵóǸˡͰҨһưˮٹͷ¡һͷ˿ˮʪ֮ϣ¶ͦı
ңŴ˾㶣׹ð˿һڣȴŤͷ˹
ң˫ۺȻɵϴ󡪡ǰϤ

ԣ
ˮƣѪ


168 . 
޷ǣң, ˫ҡҡͷٶƼԾ
𣿡һЦ
ңĿת˫, ֻɫ, , ˿δ֮ˣ»ɲ, üʵô
һִԡͰһֻ࣬, Ц
ңǶ, ǰȥϸü, ȴδҳɻ, ȴס֡
ܺ, ̧ԡͰֻһ, ˮɢɽ, ԡͰ֮ѣľƬɢͰеһݲ𣬳¹һľϵ, ϵ
ֽý, ȻңЦ, ֽ±ϰ, Ӷ, һʱ֮, ܲƬһ̺ĸ֮ѱ, ɢ¶е񳾡
üһתӡңһԲݲǰȥбţ꼴̶һĳ񳾵΢΢һ
ֲңһӵն
츳Ƿ֮书٣ѿ֮УʮڱռϷ硣ֻǰҲ֪Ǻͷ쳣ӲȴƾȱܿɱСңһҧأŴɶϤüĿڴ˼񣬱ŭѡ
ڴʱЩɽ˵֮廨ţпɲٿ֮ˣȻʩչȴҩ︨뿿ĵĹֻҪ˫ĿƳǵת棬Ե̶ֻͦۡһҺʱѪɽ굱Ѫֹۣ˿
֮䣬ԭɸɾӣȻһŨصɺɫ
ԡңǱѪˮȾ޳ЩľͰƬմȾҲˮɺѪҺ
ң˺ǡꡱʵݡðװ׾ݸ͸״ɣտ覣ƫôٶ
ŮǺù򣬡ֻǲ֪һţοµģ
ҵķӣ޹ءңɫ䣬кᵶֱָӺģʲôͷ󷨣Ҳ㲼µİɣ
ԣٺһЦȴ𻰡
ȴʱݺһŮ˵ӣͬ˭˵
ңüСݺ󷽿һֻۣһŮƿСݺš
ŮƼΣһʱ֮˵ڵϡ
Ƴһۡ
㡭ʲôˣŮָ֣ʵȥˣ
ңһŮ򣬱㼴ʵߣ楣
ô֪ҵ֣ŮƳĵԽ̿֡
ﲻصģӵиġңɨһѱɶ۵ӣʹʲôķӹƻ㵽󷨣Ҳֱʡ˵ţ㼴һֱ壬楿˸
ǳƵ壡Ȼôõģ
ߵ񵽵ġң˵ţŤͷһӣΪмλȹ˴˶֡
⻰ͻȻһЦ﷢ë
ҡҺˡ楷ſվֱӣҰɫҶ࿴һۣ˵ӡǺˣҺͳƭҪǵ˵⻰˫Ŀ۽һᣬþòϻ䡣
ңȻģֻͷԣӸоȴ۰һԵȥǰ鿴ʱ͵ۣдϸ룬ֱʺ
楲ɷһСңԼϵ˾٣Ӵ˲Ѳܿתһ̽ȥӼ㲻æ׳һʯҷۡңһʯҷ۵İ㣬׳ܣۼһͦݲȥ
ңһԲһڵϵĶľ˳ȥԺ󣬽ڵأ漴ߵ󣬸ԵʽϣϸһֻҤյİ״һ㣬ֱ˵סɻ䣬һŲͷһƼӸ
εҲǸŲŲĹӣһ˴ѪڣǺ£ңеģòЩ׽֮У׳ŵܳСţԡ
֪𣿡ңѨʵ
ҡҡͷ
ң֪ҲٶʣڣڵϣڽӣȴпտҲתȥ˸ڵС¥ֻ˼ٲȻǸ˼ҵľΡʻǴһӦȫϵȴƿӦоУȫȻĽҰеĳȡһ˺ɲصǼѪˮİУ廨
ֱʱңϸӣ罦Ѫ͸ĺɫۼºȻһŹֿµĲ롣˵ѪģµĶǲȱʬףĪʲôŹֵȺã뼰˴㼴ӸС¥һˮϡ
ӱˮһãӱһۣˣճѪˮסã۵õһ
ץЩȥˣңЩĿʲô
ڨЦȴش
ңҧȴӵͲϣǴͲ˻ΣлЩϪˮ򿪸ӣǰϵߵĶʲô𣿡
ƳһۣƼˮζС棬΢һ
˵ʵҾͰߵˮൽĶңûκһ˿ı顣
䲻ĵȴҲѪѪɱĿͽҲóȻҲϵ˵ڵĻȻõ
ᣬز֪⴦֮ѪĺôЦɭɭ
ʲôôϴ𣿡ң
Դ֮ѪԡഺӴ΢ϷʵĿһԽƯĹĹԽǹãϧ˺ÿȴϹ
ҪģֹǵѪɣңֻЩ٬Ļֱ˵ʵ
ȻֹӺٺЦûгǵѪ⣬֪Ǽµζ
㡭楾ɫɷףֱɥĲ񣡡
߹˵ĿȻס㲻ҲϹ𣿡
㵽ʲô˭Щ⺦ˣң
Ƴһۣȴ𻰡ңΣεƫڴʱ׷Ŵҡ졣
楺÷УһѱסңķҲԽңֱҪҲƵ÷ң楣´ȴԼƳǰһӰæվǰȴʲôҲûƼһͷȴƳһͷɢһѽǶ˿ϼͷӶ
վסңһʱȥ׷ƫڴʱ˷ȵۣòŲ׷⣬ȥ⾡ǸƵﻹ˵Ӱ
ǹĿҲʱȻֹͣ·רΪֵġң뵽˵Ӱǰڶ֮˼ƣղѣж֮һȭ㴸һԵϡ
һò侲ﻹи楣ǻתȥȴվԶ
Ůǡ
ôˣӴ뿪˵ң


169 . ǧγ
峿, һƴ͸ҶͶ°߲ĹӰ
ӳ˵һ£, ʧ, ңɢ, ֻһĿĵĴѰңһҹ, Ȼƣͣ£ҲұϢ, һ, ᱻץȥ
ʵǾˣ㿿, Ъ˺һ, վ, ҿܵľ, ﶼһ, ֵĸߡӱ۽һᣬȴȻԶŮӵĻ, ʲôⲼµ󷨣
ĽҰ, ֻûк¡Ůһ, һʵӻص
Ի, һʱʧ, ת, ȴӲݰס, ϡһˤڵء
˭ŮĸʣһŲԽԽӾ̲ѡͷһȴһŮҶߵǰס
ŮӺɫѣһԧᡣӲϵô˱ֻⶫǰǰǼΪˡ
û°ɣŮһģæǰȴֽŲãˡһԵˣæֽŮסҡҡͷ
Ƿﺮ֮Ĵ̽ʦղޱ;˵أ죬̽ղޱͨʽ󷨣ܿ㿴˴·ϸӵʹ
ûж⣬¡ղޱһ˻ģɤӣ̧߻ʵιҪ鷳㻹ܵõ𣿡
һ⻰ŵӷҵĲӨ
ղޱˣҲһ㶣Ťͷ࿴ۣ¶֮ɫ
ǡʲôˣСҭ
ĺˣղޱŻ˿ߵǰûж⣬ֻɴ·ӣ·𣿡
ҡӱܵ˵ͷ
Ҵȥղޱ΢֡
ҵȥ·ǰһ
ȻղޱҪͬһ𣿡
ʶ֣ȴַɿ˻ҡҡͷУҵҵҼӡ
ӣղޱ⣬վֱʵҲ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷǳʿ֪ģǰͻȻ뿪ң׷⸽ҵֻǴˮĹ򣬻ͷ˾Ͳˣҡҵңԡ
ô˵Ҳˡղޱ˵ͷ˼Ȼǰң
˵ͷʶվղޱ񴿴һۡӾ룬˽ӴЩ˴ǰ꣬ͷβδһԣҲûκζı飬ʵûš
İɣҵġղ˵ţͷһۣ㵹˵仰ѽ
⣬ĿɨӣԼʶô£ͷĴɡ
ͬʱСԺУңǿݽ䣬ƿǽһεĻʯ壬¶°صĻء
ǡʲôƼǾСɵĻɴ˫ۡ
򿪾֪ˡң˼Σҳź򿪻أȴȻ֣ͣͷ極ң߶ˡҲͬɢġ
ҡҪҲȥ㣿極
ңһĬͷȿʲô˵ɡ˵ţ㼴ԲťֻһƵ죬еĵȻ¶һԲͬʱһŻĹζźɢݶ
極ס죬תݣԺŻ
ңһȻµǶʲôһ˶ߵǶǰϥ£ͷһŷݵǸ޴ıѣ·̯һ㣬ĸεǴ⣬ȻǴЩյŮġ
ʧɫ⺧˵ĳþþԻŤͷȥ楣ȴԺڣʹޣˮմ伸ʪ͸ң״񣬻վһߵ԰οȴֲĴš
Ҳ֪˶ãйƵģȡᣬؿڣƽҶ׮£¸±Ҫסλӣδı棬֪ˡΪ£зȥԸҲǶϵӡǶӵʵò̲ס˸ս˵Ը˼ģҲ֪ģĻ֧ߵЩѾͷԼڽ
ҵ㣬ļƻ֧ȡˮңʵˣ
極˵ͷЦ֪㣬ǺοأȻͲФ뻹ܷ
⡭ңһɣοЩҲı⣬˼ˣҲԻؼˡ
ɻȥˣ˵ʲôأ楿ЦҪǸߵǻȥˡ
ΪΣң⡣
ΪΣ楱Ҫ࣬ŤͷҪͬ˵Ƕδʲôɻţܸ߱ˣǵ򡭡ôôܡ
һǲסңЩ֮޶ţΪ˽黳
ˡվֻŮ£ΣҲҪ˽š
ºܺýֻͣ˵ʳ֮񱣬˵أͺ𣿡ң䲻£ȴҲƣֻǰ˸˵ǣ˵
ã硭˵зң楻ͷֱ˫Ŀڴʵ
ðɡң˵ͷɻи⡣
ʲô⣿һ㶡
󷨣߲ȥңָָǰ֣ȥҿû԰գ㼴תС¥
룬ԺзĻ־壬ȴֻ׳ŵӸȥȻ˸飬Ҳûܷκйص
ң˵֮ǰѽ˶ղúϢҹǹսһһֱѰҹδߣ˴˿̣뵡Ѽ̾ſҡҡͷ
ô졭֧Ųס̱һԣ˴˿̣ң˫Ŀᡣ
ңһԲԼֵطʵЩЦ¥ȥƣȻ¥ݱߣȴõ´Ųüִֻǣ׳
֣žһء
¥״һϤŮ˭ѽ


170 . Ҷ֪
ңһ, ˫ۣޱ
䣬һ¥˱߱̽һԴ, ղޱ, Ŀ, ۵׾Ǿϲ֮ɫֻ楻ǺͿңʵŮ, ͬ˭˵
ңһֻ֡
һ¥ݣδߵ¥, ղޱѷ, һѱסңϲ, ҵ㡭ʦأ
ղޱ֪, ɿ§ң, ŤͷһվԷ㶵楣Ȼһ, ͷ¥ºӹ, λǲӣ
ӣһӦƼӵײײ¥, ǰ
Ϣŭ, ûغ, ܾˡӿ޵, Ӳס, վ
ôģңɻ, ղޱʵ
·, ӹŹ֣ͽ˿˭֪λղޱŬŬ죬
ӣ׷ʲôˣĨһᣬΡΡվʵղͷԱӡҡһΪ
ǻ¡Ŀ
ͬɢԺûñ߹ң۽Ƴ極飬㼴ڣҲƽⲻײ㵽
ǡأӽŵûɣ
ģˣٻˡң˵ţԾ̾˿ȥ
˵ѣΥĵĻԣδⱻղޱ¥ȥٶԡ
Ů楺Ȼɱ¥׷϶ˣҪôȥ
ҴǳȥѽղޱԣͷЦֻ꣬ƬƳ⼸֮ȻңֱԣҲƣ뼸һͬС¥
˫ֻۣŶĿʼŸ䰫üԡ¥ĽŲŤͷ˹ЩǹĻƭȥӱ־壬Щվӣңۼֿ죬һѽȣСߵѣ¡
ҧҧǣæͷȥӷɿܳС¥⡣
ΣеŹ֣ȵա߽ʵôˣ
뿪˵ң̾˿
ʢʱڣ졣ɽȴ֪ģԭ׵գʺرȥҶֵĹҲһ˻ȥһɲҵƺǵ̫ͬû뼸йǣ֦ڣ߳ӺҲ˴˵ݻЩ룬̱뿪
ңĿͶԶֱӰʧһҡҡͷ
ң㣬⵽ô°ղޱֻͷԡ
ңĬãȻղޱʵҲףȱ°ȥƽջؼңʲôǵ𣿡
˵Ǳץߵģղޱ㶵
ȷ˵Ǳƭߡңʱ˻ûɱ֡
ǡץȥģղޱʵҿǼӵĵؽС
ǸӣʳĸΣѪԡңԶȥķ˼
˷ָоУȴֻ赭дǰʵλϣô˵ģ
ңͷ˼ǲף˿ࡣ˵ţ˶٣ּɷʲôҲûҲƭǲֻ֣˵ǱǶץȥⶼ˵ΪΣ
ԿηƽԽûۼ£Щ˵ԽܹͼӴףЦ̸
٣ǰʧٵЩˣܸиɣңüʵôһߣȻκ˵⼸յţЩĹҲɻΪǸʳ˵Ĵ˵ĵԶϰӡ
˵˶ã߹ҪˡղޱѰ˼ҵŮӣһΨһͷǼ޸˼ң£ҪǴԷΨһͷҲûˡԣ֮֡
ңԱĿҡͷ̾һ
ηԣ׾پġղޱ̤һˣ֮١˵ˣԼҲ޷۹
˴еĿģæң֣˵ֻһ⣬ʦòġ
šңǿһ˿ЦݣֻǣжЩ㡣
棿ղޱɴ˫ۣ½˵ˣôصˣ
棬ңҡͷһЦ⣬ڶֵЩˣһŹ
ǿɲУղޱæ㲻ǿеŮˣ
ΣµĴѾ𣿡ңЦ
㵱ǡĻߣȴֲԾ˻ȥ
ңЦ飬»ʱлᣬǻ֪ġ
кβ˵ģղޱʵ
Ҷ˵ˣңδֱӻشĻǲͷ˶а֮
ŶźˣղޱͷǵĴҲʮּǹңβŻǴ̽
ǡңƬ̣ʵأ
Ҳ֪ںδղޱʧһֱʲô£ʲôҲû£Լˡ
鷳ˡңһҪֻ¾˵һ
˵Ὣ¸ӡҲҹȴһֱ䡣ղޱ˼Ļ¶˵鷳ǡ
Ҳգһ취ң΢΢ף˼Ƭ̣ȻҶƽ£ҲͷˡҲЩȥŵġ԰գһ֣Ҫ˴С
ôˣղޱ㶣æҪȥģ
γţһ֪һսǷӰ죬Ҫ񺭣ȷƽ£Ҳȥ񺭵ˡң
Уղޱڸɵǣһȥ̫Σˡ
Χ£ҲһսգңƽЦǱ޹أͬҴһ֮ƼֻԼҲôҪ鷳԰գתߡ
ҲؼһʱղޱסҸط£ͬ˵˵һǵʲôǶڵģֻܲͻȥɣ
Ҳңһͷ
˻صȫأͽ˼ҿšңҲ뿪º֮´¸֪ˣֻȥ΢Щ˼յ·ܹȷһ˵ȰȻжͷǣȻˣҪ˼ͷЪ¡
ղޱӽѰ˸λ£ŤͷƳһͨͷȣ˼
ûŵİŸǣߵ£ʵ
ҡղޱƲƲ죬ԥʵôǲǲãڽôʱ䣬Ҳ˺˭ҡ
ȷˡҡͷ˵ֻǡ
Ҳ˽ģҲղޱԽ˵ţԽͬһ飬ôҲ۲塣˫ֱͷɴ˫ۣ˼ãȻ뵽һ㣬
ֱӵҴǰôû뵽أôõ֣ôʦ
·뵱ЩɶͬƽŻ֪
Ǽ֪ˣɽһս伣ղޱһһʢŹյһ˵û֪ôó
ʦ뿪ȥ֮ǰλˡһĬ
ʲôղޱ⻰ͻȻɴ˫ۣ˹ԭҲǽ濴
ң@һ⻰æ͵֪ģֻһΣδ⡣
û˵λʲô֣ղޱʵ
΢΢ü룬ҡͷ˵ԼҲ˵ֻ˵ǹƺҲֿͬŵһλЩϵ
ʲô߰ģһ˻ϲɣղޱٴθʧ䣬˰ˣ׷ЩҲûáҵ˵Щʦʼնδ׷鵱Ӻ罣֣˵ҲɽΧˣ֮䣬᲻ʲô
¾ڣ鲻ǵΪֹǴڲſʼü΢һ
˵ҶͿˡղޱ̲ס˫ͷղҪͺˡǣôãһ¶ûɡ
Ҳô˵յ΢΢һЦٸղ㻹ˡ
˵߹ղޱ뵽楣ȴѹҲ֪ǻسԺֻΡ
˸Ҳ̫ǡס֣
һǲôͿģղޱ񴣬롭
㲻ߣʵ
ţղޱͷΪ˰ҲãΪʦֶͬҲգ棬һԣίʵףȻȻҲ˵ͬУ಻㣬ǡ
ȻĻ̹޾ԡ΢Ц

ԣ
ϷݣղޱжŮԱǱȽ϶һģһЩ֧ߵĸϷе££оǧңµƪ֧ߣĸcpûе֧½ڣǰƽģӰcp


171 . ɺ̤ѩ
ʱС, 콫ףûһ˿⣬·, ҲƲˡǰдšоӡԵض, Ҳ
ղޱֺƽǰϷ, üͷԶȻʧ
ǰڿ, ң˯ٱ⣬Ȼ˼ʱ, ͷкζ, Ӧһ, ȴͷڿһ, ֻһס޷ѵǮ˺ü, Ҳ˵ô£º֪뵽, ңǲ۶, ɴкҲԼˡ
ڲ֪ȥһΡն˱ֻ÷ֵ׷飬ղޱĿ, ֻڿ, ߵǰ, ԥҪҪȥ, ȴײһ¡
ղޱŤͷһ, ȴһ˳һֽɡӲǰ߹, ʶתһ, ֻһϮ°ѥĳŵİɡ弸չһ𣬱˻ײôǸ
˵𣿡ɡİͣ½ŲعͷŸɡ¶ɡڵĿǸˣ߷ޣֿ̱
ղޱĿֻ۵һ˿ʶ˿벽
СѾͷʲôһ죬¶һȣһչ¶һӳһ
ղޱ˶Ʋ磬תҪ߿ȴһᣬסȥ·΢΢üһԧᣬʵҪʲô
˸ף˵ֻҪ׽ȥ³ɡ˵ţӦȹЮһ󾢷ֱղޱš
ղޱܿȴ˽ȹһ£һбͷղޱҧҧÿһתꡣ겻Ϊ⣬ܣȴٶȷתһĽǶȵòԾ˺
е˼ƤЦⲻЦӯһתƣ˳ȥ
ƺŪۼݳᣬҲſһѹĴ˫ϡղޱپڱһ飬Ҳ˳ȥ
ϵôţȣָžһģȶʱϳһɣ˫дִ·סٿչƽֱƳղޱ״ˣüֻ֪ⲻƣȴ֪վǰģ빴ʹ֮һɣ䭣֮Զܼ
ɣйЮž磬мչ¶书ղޱ㾫˫ãлأСƵóӲƴȥ޺ô̻ת֮Ƽ´Ҳžӿ죬Ѱһȴ飬һʱվȽŲЩǰԵ
ʲôղޱʧɫ
ɣһԲЦ¶ϴ̵ָղޱ֮ȻŤͷƳһ۷űײļͷ֪ʱѱ̳һѪڡ
ĺɣЦƾı£䲻ϳɢһʱ˵ġ
ղޱ⣬Ǻ޵˵㵽ʲôˣȵȡղ˵ʲôɢɣ䭣
Ӵͦʶ㡣֪ˣأɣЦԽáĲŪָ˴˻ҵָ׸ǣȻָָղޱüģѽˡ
ղޱҲ֪ʩʲôһָתǰһڱ浹ȥʲôҲ֪ˡ
ͷж񴣬֪⣬ʱ˿̣վڳһ·ڵİ̯ǰ̯˵
򣬡ӵĴָСҲ֪ҿģǲǹ˵Ǹѽ
ԣһףǴлת߿û߳ȴĿһʹְͣסؿڣüͷ
ʹĪȥҲ죬ʵûɣɻ󣬺ر㵣ղޱǱѭղޱµļǺ˹ȥֱǼоӡĲǰ
޷磬ƻĽýµʯ·Ҳŷ֡Ƴ¶һϸɫ£㼴ʰһȴһöղޱõ֧
üһ𷽲ĪĽʹԼһ˿ԤСڴʱߺشһƿ죬㼴벽ֽ´Ӷ֮Ȼһ֧ͷһţһ߾һŻ·ߵͼֽ·յ㻹һǺ档
תܣװŪ֮˾ȴһӰӶݶϷӶ㼴ܣһȴѲӰٴͼֽϸȴǰӰǰȥķͼֽϺǵķ൱Լ˼һǾǰȥ
ˮ磬ݺᣬԲʧһ۵ŢСѰãҵͼֽϺڵλø
ӳģһտĴլûңһǻаûüɾ֩񴿴˿լӣֿһͼֽŲΰż˿أ㾶˽ȥµʯ·ϲ֪˭ǰ̺һ׻ңլԺ
֧Уÿǰһ±һǡ
լԺʵŹ֣һˣȴжദרŴɨĺۼͥвľ·겻޼ȴûһƬҶ֦
뵽֪ȥղޱŲٿһͣȴȻԺһϤľӿŲƹ۵ɽˮ԰ֱ֣լԺǰ龰͵ؽԭء
ǰһߵС¥˩һĩ˸һ˫֣ǲ£¥ϵˣղޱ
ղޱãողѹʱסҲǰȴС¥ڴһȥѽǰһͻжǸӣ¥иӣͷǶ塣С椴ôߵĵط㲻ǶҲˡ
˽Ծ⻰мֶ죬û˭еС¥ǰ淢ҵһ¡¡ľ죬ʯ建򿪣¶һɼĵضضԼ࣬·ʳֵָĳ⺧ˡ
֮࣬˷Ǹˣһ֣ײ£


172 . ͬ¥
, С¥һĴŻ򿪣ײŶȣ, ԻվСˡ
ײ°һϷ̬, ٺһЦ, ǺüԣҲרһˡô, ô𣿡
ֱ˵֮ĶԹ, ޹ء
˵žͷţӵʲôײ֮ɫ, ϻ, ӵܵ´, ζûԹ, Ů˳һ
񴲻Ծ߬ȭ̧ղޱ, , ¶پһۡǰһڣȴղޱ񴣬㲻Ҫ, ֱӰԴ
ͷô, ײ, ָԵС˸, Ц, üͷ, Խ, ô֪ˣ
㵽ʲôŭײ£
ʲôײºȻɫɭɭӣڰνնԼұۣҵǿԿǷ
ԣЦҡͷ⻰Լ𣿡
ʲô˼ײֱӣ
һѲһ£ûᣬָ״ϰ巢ĲɣЦһҡͷﾡǲм
㡭ײץָָһʱ˵֮Уǰ֮˾㲻ģҲΪղޱĴŵ̸̬УҲ̬ȣһʱ֮䣬õϷ룬֪ôˡ
һԵС˼ˣæյײ¶ߣС˼䡣ײ꣬ɤӣ߸ϵɣбϣ
˵ǲںˣ˰ӼϡأС¥ǲȻȴһСųվڴڣƱҪղޱǸ
ţ󾪣æͣ
Ӵںײ¿ЦţǻʵŵĻҲô׼ȷ
Ŷüһ
ǲҵӣҲڷǵɱ㲻ǣúõģǸӻԭ㡣ײµ
ЦҪ˵㻰̫ܴ߳ȴᵧ°ڣֱӣ泯ײ£ϥȥ
񴣬ôܡղޱƼ˾۲ѣȴһƣЩҪιȥ
ӴӴӴײ¿һĻǵ⣬Ǿ档ַؿڣʹ֮״ɤӵɿǵСˡɣôˣ԰գһԵСʹ˸ɫӹһ
״üٿһ
ղޱƲ¥µ龰⸱飬֪׼޺£æ񴣬ңȥԺתʦ⹷ж˿飬ġ
񴣬ײ´ֱشĻȵҹǱ𶯣Ҫ㻹ܴӾͷ
˵ʲôղޱʧɫסŤӣͼдײ˵ԣȹȥǸԴɣ
ײºٺЦ·ûĻ¿۶һֱǰ񴱾ܲܣȴײһȲϣָҶǲǣÿһأҾϸһʲôʱ԰գ̳¥ϴڡ
һ¥ϵļҶֻӵæס֣ȻǼҶ䣬ڰղޱϻһӡ
¾Ͷˡײϼ֧¼۶أٴһҧҧûܣֱǶ̼͸磬Ѫۼǽ棬ľ֡
񴣡ղޱɫɷף۲ѡ
治ɫĨһ˿ڵѪײ£ѵһ
šײ¼¼ٴһأǱǻȥ
̧֣С۸һͷ۰͸ǶѪ裬Сۼ䣬ټǰܣĿڣǴ޽ҲȲ
ڶڼ˾֧γڵϣ̧ۿ˿ղޱƳײ£һһУҼȲҲù
㡭ġײͳһ֧ü΢΢ã־ٹͷס̼
֮ԶѰĹͽļ֧辢ͬ죬ֻĴָָѹסͷ¼֧ǰ֮ƣƾͷָѪ
ģʹթײ½ڵϣѾͷ
¥ϵļҶӵҲ֮ݲԾ¥ǰȻ׹ղޱڻУҲܿƵ׹¥׵ضۼֿ죬Ѹ֣ڶء
ղޱֻ͵һΣǿסͷһ۵ض·Ķ壬ɫʱͬҡ
һӵղޱָڵضأ׷Ƕɳѡ
ղޱŤ˫֣ͼȴ̫Щ䡣æӵڶصЩ͵һ׹ղޱɴۡ
Ҷ̧϶ڣͼϵ棬ȴײµԴ̽˹СҲ̽ͷ֡
һмƵıԴΪжͣҲ㱾¡˵ţȻ̧һֻţڶصֻϡ
һʱʹܷһƺߣͷ߳ĺ飬ȴ֡
ղޱƳ˿ԲסѪּԼϵ˳һأһһϣͬʱ˦ײµĲӡ
˭֪ײӣͼ˦Ϻˮֻת˷βȣͬʱǿסһС˲͵ק


173 . 紵໹
ײºɫ, ѽѽű˿ȥֱãڻ֧Ųסɿ
ûֵֻ֧, ˵Ҳ͵̵Ķ׹ȥ
ղޱݺһǵµضС, ʹڶ, ȥƬķâ
һʱ˲ö룬ʶСղޱһ, Լ룬¶˶Ϸ
䶴, С˵ĲҽаšѪ˺, 쳹ض
ղޱ˶СϣմѪ, ȴæŤͷ鿴, ѲСһ첲, ǿӲ崩͸Ѫ졣
졭ʯ壡ײæкͲ¥Ⱥˡ
ղޱ֪, ǷĶֽ, ȥСݲϣضһѹײ²ǯڱ, ȵҿ˭Ҷ֣
޶, ֪Ҳ, ֻǿž, ײ¾ˣ˰
㡭, ײ̰, ֿǳ, ֻû˼׸񴡣ƽߣȴҲֻǿص档
ղޱվͷǿŵǹɾرиǯײ²ϵĸ첲ҲûײΪ˻ᣬűҪ֣ȴһͷһȴѰγ彣ߡ
ߡϢѳʹթұɱ㡣
𡭡𰡡ײŵֱ£㵱ӣֻܿɥʾһڼ˿óһ
Юײ£һˡղޱԣ⶯͵Ϯ
Žץģȴڵϸ󣬱ûټɣ䭣Ҳһֱж·ģ°·ɱҧ
Ȼֱ˳ţɣ䭶
ȫ֮ղޱ˸ɫ˿н̧ײ±һţߵƨײͶУˤ˸
̻ղޱ֣첽ȥ
ӴҵײֻԼҪϳأһְںһڼ͵ĲǿվŤͷȴѲΡն˵Ӱܻ˼Եļͣȥ׷Ƿ
ǲӦæŵȥˡײһȳһջصԺڣأģ˵˰ŪŮ̵ģֲȥˣ
껰ȴֻüûаش
ײ°ϸߵԴת˸ȦȴͻȻǰ˸Űɡİˣŵһƨɶնڵϡ
ɣζشԼžֱָĵ
㡭ղΪβ֣ײĨһϵѪɣ䭵ıӰҧгݵ
ѣαôأɣ䭺һ㣬ϵָҲ湻ˣ˵ʵˡ
ƾʲôײ¸ҪͷϢȴ͵裬ѸײڶĹ򣬱סʺ
ϰѵΪһвɣЦ⣬۵ȴ͸һ˿·ʱ̻ܽ
ײͫʼһõ˿ӡ
ղޱֻǰɣ䭵Ķڵϸ¥ǰ㱻˽ҩֻҩԸָͣ뿪ײµıԷԭԽж硣
񴣬۶˽ˣְһײºݺݲһţЩϹۣòײŻָ֪
µضʱǵùС˵汳ȴղޱҲ౳ǲⱻֶˣܳһ·Ѫ죬Ҳ̶á
ղޱ跨ܿ׼˵Ѱòײҵһݣæ¡
ѶæҷһŴӻҳƿҩһԵǽߣѺΣˮرӿ˳
û°ɣǿһϢȻʵ
ҵȻû¡׳աղޱ֣˿ڣ͵˻ָմȾѪԽʧ룬ôôôѪ
˲Ҫ¡񴻰
죡ղޱ仹׺ݣȴס飬С½⿪űССѪڣ̲סС
ôˣ񴱾ܻͷȴǣ˿ڣһ
Ҷ˿̫ˡղޱͳӣϽҩۣ˿ڣ´ʲô£һҪȱԼ
ǰأ㵲ǰͷƽ⻰ӦҶ˵
ЩƤ˰ˣ˭û߹ղޱƲƲ죬
Ҳã񴴽һ䣬΢Ц˵㡭ЩǲǰܵЩˡ
ղޱ˫һ밴ס˽ҩӣӵͬˣⱲӶ㲻ꡣ
ԣ΢Ц
ղޱҧŴĬ˰ΣȻڵҳôʦڻСġͬ˵ԽŮӣԽ֪գ㡣㵹áղˡ
ⲻһһҡͷ
ĲһղޱƲƲ죬ҵ㣬ǰڽô꣬Ҳ࿴Ҽۣȴ
ϻݣ㲻Ҳһ𣿡ƽ֮ǰԭɣȴΪⲻ֮ˣա
ǴΪղޱһ룬ͻȻסηҷ֮ȥʦ֣Ҫǰ·˸ˣô£
ҵȻ֪񴵭Ц
֪ʲôղޱ͵һ±ӣ壬Ҫ鰡
񴻺ҡͷ
ʲôղޱͷʵ
Ϊķܲϣִţֻܹҡ̧Զǽǣƽ˵
ղޱԣס
ʼղǽбţŤŤƱ־ˣȫӲ˰ΣԽ飬ǽǿֱӣȴ⶯û˿ڸŷʹΪתע⣬ͷͷղޱʵ˵һֱ㣬ֻӵȥˣ
ӣʲôӣղޱпտգһʱûܷӦ⡣
ǵӧ׷һֻӣЦҼǵ죬ץԺֺ@죬ˡֻӻŲ·ܵллҲ˵ֱӱ㱧ˡ
Ŷ˵̤ѩղޱȻһ룬һ˵£Ҳһ࣬Ҳ֪ȥˡ@Цңǲǰˡ
գҡͷһЦ
ղޱüȻסһͷסʵȻǵžͼǺûл
ȻǡҡͷڱݵǼգһֱڻǰͬţСһ𳤴ȴܹģȥȥҲֻǼ¡
˵ţһ٣˿˵ҲǸʱͻȻʼڡڴǰǾǧ֮⣬ЩŷֶҶģΪ
ʲôʲôղޱ⻰̧Ŀǡӣһ۱Ƴ۵紺ˮ顣ٸж̣æȥ
Ծ˵ʱĺ£»⣬´ӴҲ㣬ҵһж̫ˣҲ֪ûлֲϸᣬܰ˵Ļ㡣ңҲܡ
ղޱ⻰̵úܣ㼴ǾҲܲϧԼӡҲܣøϿҺ
ãҾףǽڣղޱЦ
Сġղޱæϵϡ͵͵̧ۣǡĿԡŮǻڵǲģҲſ
ѵü¶СŮ̬Ծÿڶǰһϸ鷢˿ĿʼղϴƿղޱôţнΪգ⣬ɴ˫۳ʵ㡭ʲô
ңһ㶣ôˣ
ûղޱæҡͷŵɢľ壬Ȼ̧ͷͬ˵¡
£񴲻ʵ
ⳤϴʱҸպþ߹£ǼԺҲ˵һ䣬ͺͰӧģ˵϶Ǹư͡
£񴲻һЦأ
ղޱ죬˰죬عζ˵ҲҪ𡭡šô֪᲻˵Ҿץ˼ֻ룬͵͵Ž㷿뿴᲻ȥˡ
һ㶣Ŀ¶ɫҡͷһЦҵȷǵá
ǲǵáһûüأͱ㷢ˡղޱ㵱ʱż갡ô͸Լȥȣ˵ţü̽
ЦЦ֮ǰסĵط롢󣬻кܶвֵĳӣϰˡ˵㲻Ҳ𣿡
ҵȻ£ղޱЦʦ˵ÿǸŮӣҪǸˣôΪ޷죬֪ļҪҪһ
ԣҡͷһЦ
ǰϲЦղޱգգۣڣôá
ͷ˫Цԡ֣ḧգ΢̬֮һʱ鶯Ĵ꣬Ƽˮ֮ˣ⼳ȡ¶ȡ
ղޱǽס㽥ж˷ӦһǡĲ𣬸ŵ⣬ƽһ˿


174 . γȴ
ң뿪, ִĻ飬СسõϢĳݳȥ˭֪˳, Ƽŵĺ˷ɢڽͷ, Ĵ, ʱʱһ
˿ǽ, ֵͷһ񳾣ƳԶиȾ, 㶪һͭǮ, ɹϳһƬ鲼⽫߿
δ߳Զ, ӱ㳯˹, סȥ·
ңɫ, ɿ۲һܵΣܶС̯С, δκļ, 󷽷ҿĻ顣
⼸˲Ҳûлɲ飬ֻǶǡŮǸҫ紺ˣƼժĻ, ¶, ǿһ, 䱸, ҪǸĶ
뿴ң鲼ŵĳ, Цʡ
ٷϻ, 򿪿Ӵӵۡ
ң, Ҫҿϵ鲼ȴȻսǰɨ˺ܵĹ򣬷һݶųⷽݲȥ
֪ԶĶ֣ȴЩνĴɱɱȤֻ뾡Щ飬һ·ݣɿ뿪ݡ
ң˳ţڿʣƼԶм˹ȥѰ˸λ£ЩˮģֽİǡвصǺᵶЩŲۣʱȴϵĲ
ʱбԽһһͷȻתͷ齫һһۣһת˻ȥ
ңδ⣬ùһԵС·뿪ȴСͷתǴһһ
СѾͷؾϻֵǮĶţץһ辣һȦ´ҼҵģôҡڵĴ߶ͲΣգ
ʲôˣңƤҲû̧һ¡
ʲôˣӿһӣٺЦЦͷң˵үվţµ·ơ
ңЦҡͷԳǻƽʲôɫˡ
Ӻٺټ޶ԣ˵ϸƤģǳԲ˿ͷǹԹԡӴ
ңӰѻ˵꣬ȻֶסʺһѸײڶ֮ƣһԵӵ˵ϣϡһл
˵һ顣ңƳ˫Ŀ׷â¶
ӿŵһʱϢӲϣһ˺üŰڰ֣ŮŮС۲ʶ̩ɽð
ңĮȻֱ̧㽫˳ȥ
һԵӱҲƵߣ;лˤ˺üͷңۿŶӴܵģظеĵһ˿뿪ȴŲ
ҵˡǸ쳣Į
ң⻰ƺж죬㼴תȥȴڲԶɱ
ԭ㡣ң鵭Ȼޱ仯ҲҪҵ
ǰҲףΪͷЩŮˣȴȲҽ㣬һ߽űߣԭ㱾̵ˣνǷ곡Ϸ
ңΪǵģֻǻҡͷ˵
㣬ֻǰŮڸģ㼴νʣָңǲץںδǻ
Ƿ𣿡ңЦƾʲôΪұˣ
Ů
϶Ůĵ϶ֻƾһˣ־ܣңй񳾵İǰͲɱ㣿
Ƥ΢΢һ׻ιһ˿Ȼȴңδ֣ת߿ӰŮһһֳԭΣ
߿ͳԶңȴƵģԾɴǰţһʧС
չ⾰󣬻ƻҹ˾
ķõңڻԣŻͷȻŰ볨ŷ
ϻغԩʦţǰ£ʱ緢еĪίȴӲίжӰ죬ع㣬߷ɣҲһĵط
ȴĪеһ㯣ǹأҲ·ʧȥɫҲһ
ҲƽͷһظеԼôҪпޣϸԼҲǸ֮ˣˣһǴ
ңǽ˯£żѴվȥȴһOO@@죬߳һſǼصվڲԶͷʲôǲǻָָķ
˿ԼɻȴǼ˺Ȼˢˢתͷ
ôˣңü΢𣿡
ߣߡһæŴæܿ
ңôתߣȴȻҽУ漴عͷȥȴղǰͷӶļѵѪУڼ˸ǰվһϤӰһȾѪĻ׵
Ҷ㡭ңżʬ壬Ȼſ졣
ʴȣǿɲŹ㡣ҶʣڳĻ˵ֻҪ˼㣬ṩؽл
¡ңɫߵʬǰʶȥȴȻס漴վֱӣ˹ȥɱˣԼ񡣡
Ҷɫһʬ׿˼磬ȴȻͣסŲ̧ǰСȥĵطң춯ŤͷȥȴһٷˣЩ˹
ָң
㿴˵ʲôţҶɫ糣·ǰһжԼ޹ء
˼ң̰γУƳң⸱棬Ǽֲ֣һӭȥԷ˶ڣǰҼйȴǺܿ
ңЩ׷оúܣֻȺͷӬ֮ɢɱѾٹΪͷȴԥһ˲£ǰҲû˸УȺԶ
ŹǣǻҶʬףѧģ
ңⷬš
Щں֮ڣʴкãҶһ߽Ƶʵ
ôʲôңĿ񣬳һ
ֻ㡭
ѣң̧ɤתɫݺݶѧЩֶΣһ쿴žԼҲµ֣ΪСǹӣأһ룬ȴȻֹº޵÷ȴ֪޸δйֻܷ߷תȥ
ҶƽıӰһԲתѰһҳһ£ߵңԣɷ˵֮
ңһգ˫ȭ߬ȴ
ҶҲ˵ֻǶǼʬԣĵٳһӣٽʬС
һֱʲôңԾվԭأһ
ȥȫأһˡҶ˵꣬޻Ӧ˵ײıҪ֮ɱԬˮβ̣ǰ̴¡õϢ̴൳һ򾡣ɣѾˡ
ң⻰ͷ
Ҷʬף߿ȴңĬӿ˲߹
ײΡնоԹȫһҶ⻰Ȼ˵ġײµЩֶΣȻҪͷۿһܰġ
ײ£˸գѰʧвʣȴ޿κΣɣǰװӺҲߣȫıԷˡûɣ䭣δԣƾЩҷҲΡն˵䡣
գżСھ¥Ժһ룬ֿЩ޹㽫ϣָһŵǰˣⶼȥˣС˳ѵëҲҲ𣿡
ӣѾˡ
̵ײӻͲˣ˻ƾʧ˲ɣ
ӡ
ײһǼſڵϵļͣǱҹֻòסġײƺһߣһ̵ģεСӣҵţ»ץ㣬ǵðƤɡ
ԭźײ÷С类ŵöȥ˽䣬С˿⸱ģһҲҿԣȴʱżķűƿ߽һСһŵɫף份֣ȴǵϻײµ¥龰ǸæײµӡӡҪȻЪЪ
ײ±żţһӳһϣûС˵Ľлһ־ŵ죬˵˵ˣҵʲôСߵʱ򣬰ӶѪǾǸзϣз㶼ץţ㻹˵ˣ˵̧꣬һŽߵڵء
˭˲зϣңżţޱʵ
أײһţһͷ˵˱ġѽҵﰡ
˵һ룬ڿվǰңëŵһƨڵϣƵĳŲһȺС˸ŵòҿ׷㡣
˵ϻص»û꣬ˣ𣿡ңһѵ顣ײ¿ŵֱ¡
ңӲ㸩ȥ⿴˿ֻƼһָֻ´˸ײţٶʰײ£ʵģ
ˣŮײ»²ֹ
ң˰ָ־ײ죬ƽղ˵ʲô
˭˭ѽײ²ֹǶ£Ҳ˵ˣûûûû
˵ߵʱ϶Ѫң˭ѽ񴣿ղޱ
Ůײ»ûü˵꣬㱻˳ȥײΣִ˸ڵء
ңߵǰһ̤ǰ˵ɣʲô
ûʲôǶѽײ¿޺Ůҿûźã
˵ңϺȡ
ҡҾǡ飬ҲҪҾɡҾǡһߵģûɱˡûŻ𡭡ǡǡ
ң˵˰죬Ҳû˵Ȼ㽫ֻ̤ǰĽ˻תš
ڿŵһ˲ҶǰĿԣƽȴĮ
ˣҶʵ
ңԣƹӣԶ
߳ż䣬ãԺУŻƵɫҲ֪˶ãһŲţҶĻˣײ½ɣ֣֮ղޱͼҪЮ񴣬ȴ˾ˡ
ʲôңͷƳ飬޹أ֮Ȼ
ɣȥ̨ɽҶ
Ϊͬ˵Щңתȥ̧ȱҪߡ
ͬȥ𣿡Ҷʡ
ȥʲôңĮȻ
ûʲôɡҶֻǾãˣôŹ硣
˽𣿡ңƤҲû̧һ¡
Ҷҡͷ
Ҫȥģ£ͬûйϵң԰գԶ


175 . ζձ
ض, Ρն˲棬뿪ȫغ󣬱תȥڽˡ
峿, ղޱ߳ͷ, ѯĲ, ȴȻһŮſڴС磬ɻпշ
ղޱֻûмֶ, ʶŤͷȴס񺭣
Ƽ, ɫ, תߡղޱ״׷ǰ, ôˣܸ仰ɣ
ҡҡͷ, Ŀ, ˣܲһֱ, ˵, Ҫȥĵط漰˽ôܡ
ֻΪЩ𣿡ղޱ׷ʵ
ˡƿ֣, ܱԼ, Ƿġ԰, 㼴ܳջ
ղޱ˲, °ȼ׷, š
񺭼ӿ첽, һ·, ͷǰȴضһĨ⣬һǰ泤࣬չҫ£⣬ǱΡ
ǳֽ֮ˣҲǱˣ褡
ȥģĿֱָͦģĮȻʵ񺭳ƳüĿ۵׷ɿιһ˿ϲȻˣǹת˲ȥ·һ¯ҡ
褣ղޱ׷ƼһĻסعȴѻгС
ôҵҵģ񺭶кᣬ
ѣɱֵ֮˭ȥĮȻ
Ҳȥ񺭵ңھͿԶ֡
˵꣬褣ﱯݻںӣӯӯȴǿŲ¡
Ũ⣬ѷ֣ȴһʱˡ飬ɢͬһףͬһüۣȴݻҶ˹вİů
嶯ղޱæĸ첲Լ󣬵ʦǲ˵±ҪǾôɱˣĿ
ղޱŶˣһ·˵˵˾ţ֮Žؿջͷ¡¥·Ѳ˶ٹȴˣ˺ЩʱڷеȵþˣԲӰԼ߳һ¥ݿڱ㿴Ǽס
ΪҪߣĬãڷ
ֻǲһֱôνصȥ񺭵Ҫ鷳ǾҡҶѲ⡣
ôأ鵭ĮļƲ߳ɹ𣿡
˿Ȼ¥ݣԣƼ⽣ŵգüǰӼǬ֮²˽⣬ֻǼŹֻƬӡ¶˳ʱӰ룬ƣͻȻ֮㣬ʵ˷ѽ⣬ֻղޱͶȥһɻ֮ô£
пͬ͡ղޱС
Ҳ֪Ϊβٳ֣񺭺վ飬֪ǿЦҲһκȴûлᣬ˵ô죿
ǰôãҲΪԼ޹𣿡̧ޱ顣
㡭񺭱ʹҧȥ
ǡղޱߵǰ˫ʾֹͣôȥһһҹҲнܲܶ侲˵
褿һۣһԲվ̨˹ȥһ̨߳һƣȥ¥Ͽͷ
Ծվԣһᡣ
ղޱ㣬¸пѣǰοȴ㿪ֻ¥ݡ
񴿴Ŷ˱Ӱɻʢ
ʵ֮£Ҳرղޱߵǰֻ֪ĺˣŮɱӲ֪飬һأĪʧ٣ңҲŲˣʦȥˣԺ˵ɱ֮£ҲǴʱʼ֮䣬
ôǳɱʵ
ղޱͷ
ջȻͷԣ˼
ˣȰס˵ɡղޱƿҴ¥ݣ褷ǰߵ췿ţȵڵ褰Ҽǵǰ˵Ҫȥʦ񺭳֮¸ģ
һͷȴش
ҿ񺭲ûҪߵ˼ǰգͬżңһ档ղޱҲ񺭣ʲôҪǾ£ҵ㣿
ңĻʵ
Ϊβţղޱ⡣
֪ŮĮ
ʲô˼ղޱʱƢҲͬЩں֮һ𣿡
ûô˵褱
û˵дˣղޱݺݵһۣǺãô֮ЩԹԹҲ岻֡
˵⻰תߣȻߵһ룬ͣתȥֱ褣ʵ֪ˣھǶ˶ΣԲԣ
褲ԣĬƬ̣˵ͷ
ôҵʦ֣᲻ղޱʵ
һס
ã͵ţһҵղޱ˵㼴ܿ¥ǰȴӭ˹ȥ
ͬ˵ʲôŭʵ
ͨĶղޱƲƲ죬˸۵
˵褣ʵ
ղޱͷ˭ţǺòǣҲ֪ңڸһִˣǡ
ô˵ģ
û̬һʱߡղޱҲ֪ᷢʲô
£صǡ˵꣬طȴ˿Ϯһʹס˿ڣȥ
ղޱŻعζæסһԼԴ㿴ǺͿҪѰҩģô͸ˡ
޷ǿʹվֱӣԼȥͺã㿴ǣ֦ڡ԰գ㼴ɿ֣ˣһ¥ݡ
ղޱƣ׷˼ȴͣͷһڵĿͷɲѡ
ƴȥ·ߣһ߳ջƲᣬ˲ԵòĻǣҲƴǰǰȫȻбԽֵһˣ˫ֻۣԶԶ
˲Ǳˣǰò˷ֱңײ´֪֮£;׷ٶԭֻ뿴ΣӰжɵȥȴɻ
ղޱƽǷɣȴҲʮϸĽ񴹲꣬ĸ飬ȴΪ֮£ͬУңԽԽף㼴ݶȥ
񴵽˲ڵҽʦȡҩƼƣһʱŴ죬ȴҲҶʣֻ裬ҩֿ˼ٽϵķӣץҩҩ߳ţһ̧۱Ƽңվڸǰ㶣ڣȴʵޱأ
һ̸֪ǰʼĩһͬصᡣղޱٰڶ¥ϵȺһǰſżæ¥ӭȴңԭء
񺭡ң


176 . ѩϺ
౩¶, ͬһ߳úţڿԺʯԵȺ򣬹һ, ղޱ㽫˹, ң, ߵĻȻ˻ȥ
Լ⡰Ů˵, ѳ֮أг֪¶ʵ, ֵԴ
ңԥ, ȴǰ, ʵǲ֪ЩʲôǶ˵Ů, Ҳš֪, ǵĳ֮ˡѾܹĥҲٳ֣֪֪һа취ǺҪ, , 㶼֪Щʲô
ҡңɰΣҵȷ֪˭ҪǣǡǸ, 䲻, ʵǡ
˭ǲǺйأ˫, ׷ʡ
, , ô, ҲΪ, ң˵⻰ʱıܼ尾Щ飬Ҫ֪ˣֻѹ
ΪͬĪĹϵԲò̻ɣ褵͸Ժѭͷһ󲽿żǱտڲԡ
ӺγԣңĲóܴûĵĻĶʱ˰ء
ڿ˵Ϊ룬˵ڵģȴ䶼ù褵ػطܣʵޱҪ
˵ĵ㣡ղޱǰһָ褱˭˳ۣǷ𣿡
Ǿ鷳ͽͣͷβ£ֱң˫Ŀ񽭺ԣһսԭӰ룬ȴº֪˳ǸģҪβܻΪ֮ˣվڴ˴Բѣ
ι˵ң㺦ʦ𣿡ղޱŭ
˵չһս֮󣬼֣תղޱʵ
ʲô£ղޱ̼һ㡣
ʲôĿģ˵Ծңֱ˵ʵ
ҵĿģңЦҡͷ˵ҵô롣
ǡ˴˿̣񺭲ŴӾ޴лعʶɿң֣˿ֿ˿褣Ȼԭأ԰Ϊʲôأ
ˣУʤһ߽ңкĿģ֪
ΪҵĳֱǸ޴ıңҡͷЦȷʵ޵
ô㾿ʲôأ񺭲ʵ
ȷǰЩ㡣ңЩ£档
ûʵĻκ˶˵褵Щ治˵͸ó֡
˵ûУղޱŭ
ңԽ㼴˹ȥȴڰ;
˵ףһҲֻĲ²ѡ褵ʼ϶¹һ㡣
⻰ͷȥС
褻ŤͷһãʵӦڽ㣬ǡ
ⲻҪȻʼնŹˣֺο˵Щ
褲ԣĿ⾶ֱͶңһ˫һ̱Ҫ̴
Һ֪޷񾿾褵ҷʹģĿġ
֪ңա¶˵ӣ̹Ȼߵ褸ǰվֱ˫Ŀּǣô˵ö֮ŮվǰֿҪɱңƽ֮ߣ
ң㣿
Ρն˼ͬʱߺ
ңƽ褰νʣʼյȻ
Ҫ񺭼ǰס褵
˿𣿡ʵ
ҡ񺭵Ȼޱȼᶨ̧ңǾңҵΪλ˭ָʹҵǣҪ
Ѧ񡣡ңڻ˵Ǹ֡
˵ʲôڳ֣һ
ӳ̵ǸʥŮһ¶ŮӣﶥȥɽҲΪ˾ȳˡң
һɺԡҡͷĻ֮Աǡ
£һɳѦ񣬴඼֪飬ңҲˣѦ˽;꣬ЩʿŻ϶Ǹ˵ħͷ
˵Щͬʲôϵ񺭲⡣
ΪնҪңѦ񣬻һ֪࣬¶㲻֪ôΪ¶Ů޸˳¹Ҳ˱ѦɵΪһʧﳹ޷ѦҪģȻǽ֪֮˳֮죡
˵ɫҰףбΣָңؿڣܡѦ񡭡˾صĴô֮£һΪЩѻš
Ļ˵һ룬㱻ס֣ıγԴңؿڡ
Ρն˾һǰȴң֣ҡҡ
סְղޱƲѣܻǰƿ
ʧ֮٣ϻԼΣû̱褻Сңȴֻǲɫסν˾γڵϣҲ˱лˣѪ
Ρնһһʯ¡ղޱʼ褵ж˿иǰʰǰſ˫ۣңǰ㻹Σ
һơ褻ʣĿ䣬ȫ֮ͬ⡣
϶Ϸ߱ˡң棬ľȻ
褲ԣת߳Ժ񺭼״Ҳ׷ȥ
״ɵͷңһۡ
˵úءղޱͷǰڲѪ˿ڣǰȴٿȻֲָͬͬʱǰС縮Ѩ
ң㣿ղޱȻɴ˫ۣȴ޷ֻ뿪


177 . з
潧, ƽ
޷ǷŴأվֱ, ȴ̱, صȥ
ҩ, ڣ, æֹã
޷Ƿ·ûĻ, ԾɷŴͷͼ, ȻһĶѽʣ޶Ĵ, Ҳ޷ٴվ
⺢, ˵ʲôҲҡͷ, ߵǰҩ, ˳ģ, ܼסⲽأڣѵ治˲ɣ
ɶȡһ, ôȫˣ޷˵, ַŴͷ, ҡҡλͼ, ȴȻһ, ǰԵ, ݺˤڵϡ
ѽ, ⡭βѣһҩǰشأǰ˫ֶˮȾʪҡҡͷ
ѽȺҩɡཫҩݵǰҪʵ㣬ٹ£ôҲվҪû£һ׼ȳӣʱ㿴ңƲƵ㣿
£޷üһ̧ͷʵٿЩ𣿡
㻹ҪΣ浱ɣЦá´һֻ˵ٹ£վû˵ܹ߶
Ҳٵȥˣ޷ҡͷ⼸ǾĻšٵȥᡭ
𣬱ѾͷཫҩҩˣԻᾡӻ㲻ҿ
޷ǽӹҩ룬һüͷҲûһ¡㣬һʱԼҪ˵Ļʲôֻҡҡͷӹ߳ţȴ΢ڲԶӭǰˣ
΢ͷɫʮѿ
Ҫ˵֪ãҡͷпѾͷôʱ䣬Ҳ˵ȥ̽̽Σ⣬ǿϷһ㣬ָǺ
ΪҲ𣿡΢һۣҾ֪СӵΪʲôز
ǺԼָţôǽ˿ס
˵⻰ֿ˿΢ޱ仯ֻҡҡͷתԶ
޷ǵĵǲ޵ңű褴һѪֹؿڣƫƧĻҰ䡣๣ֱˣѲԸ˶򽻵ο˶ӣһƼΡնͬͬпǣ֮ۡ󣬱һҰȥ
ս֮ʱ˫ֲǱƣŴһƫδ˼Ҫɾˣ˿Ҳɼǣ֮úֹѪһ·ңȻеͷۻǰһڣһͷԵڵء
Ҳ֪˶ã˫ۣɫһƬ谵֪ҹּŵεδ죬
ǿʹվӣײײһ͹ʯ·ͷһ۱ѪȾ͸ǰ˼֪ıصǰǸѩҹʦžѣ庮˰У˺أѩжʱȥɽŵСôһҹתѡ
ʱԶڽգȴ˿η̿֡
ǰƵɽӣȴ塣
⿪˺һȹڰͲãֻҧסһˣͬʱ˿ڡ
ǰʹһʱȫ
ңƺ߳ȻǴ졣
һҹͣ¡ңɽңһҹ꣬˵ڶ죬ǻ顣ƣӣڻҰߣɽȪʳҰղҰƯղϴͷ棬һǡ·ײ׷¶ɫܵԶһӳǣһޱ߷ģǶԣҲ޹ֺ˵ӡ
ң߲˶յ·ѽƣһ˵ͥԺǰǽЪϢͷ˿Լ⸱٣ֵ˵ңԥǷҪȥҸϴһȴ˫ѥĽͣԼǰ
Щνʿ˹Ƶ̧ͷȴЩ˶һɫĻɫѣͷɢƹһ㣬ʵͬɡ⼸մϱߡ
Ϊµ˳֡
ʲôңֻͷԡ
Ѫ˵ĻشԼࡣ
λҴˡңҪߣȴŰΧ
ȺЩģŹֵĶƵǵղޱǶԧỹҪϼ⼸С
ңᵶǰδƣЩ߰ıжѵб񵲣ʼһɣתϵγᵶ
񳾳ʣ䡣н䣬˵첻ڶңֻһսĪֲԸͿĲУǸʵʼλһ·Ӣۣɷѻ˵ף
ǶֻϡΪ䣬ȻӶ̵ͨĹŹֱпʽ
˭ңԽ󣬼Ϯãб¡񳾱꣬âȴδһȥǱϵĴն¼ȥ
װ⡣ߵЩӣ㣬ʲô˶ûѪϣģ
һӵϣң۵ļУֻͷƤ飬һкᵶһȦƵü˲òˡ
Хâǰڳҵչ˸ңлݽռţͷһۣǼò˰ɣ
㲻װɵˡͷһ
ңʱ⡣
ˡңЦҼסˣͬҶûκιϵҪʲôѪҲ鷳ֻȥɧң
Ӳͷ˵꣬һХֵʽѸͣңۼӲƴ£һݲԾ㣬ڿլǰһʯϣٵͷǰš
˵ȼ״׷Ծңֻҧ˫ֺյȫ£ƿһͨ·ݲԾΧһбϣһ򢣬֮Ѹֱͣӽ˰Դ룬˳ȥײǽϣѪԽϣ˰ǽ
ӦأҲ졣żĹңһݲתߡ
һңڲȴϾŴȫص̨ɽ·ߣŽһ·Ѱȥ֮һɽҼЩۼ㱼ɽȥǡҶһɽ߳ץһѴѪĲųһţһںõĿӶС
Ҷɵĺ£ңܻߵǰѪʲôЩôҵģ
Ĵλơش̴ʼղҵ˿ٵģ֮λ̴Ҳܾá
ǴӺεңʶ׷ʡ
ûУҶЩƲߣΪС
պþ⼸յ£𣿡ңۼųңΪǾãǶңҪҪ
Ҷգһ˼۵׷ɿתһ˿ɣĩˣĿһԭ˼뱻ǣУ뿪ǡ
𣿡ңȥͬǰѻ˵ǣ˵ţתҪߡ
˵ˣҶĻǣýЩ𣿡
ңŲͣжʱ֮𣬻ͷŭҶʹ쵰

ԣ
ͬ ʼһҪǴ岻һҸʱոң
ŴִŮòСʿ~


178 . 뽭
Ů뾡Ʋϵ, ٵЩʱաҶ΢ҡͷһЦ
˾Щ⣿ң飬ʱŭա
һ·, ѵù˼, һɧ, ֻ޲õγ˴ж˿顣ʲôȡ, ͨͨԺ
ǵ˰˱Ѫùǡңָҧгݵ, ˵, ڻʲô취£
Ҫȥ̴档Ҷ
Ȼأ
ֻҪƽ, ԻΪ, Ѫѵ̴СҶ
ְ, ܵõʲôңʵ
ɡ
ô򵥣ңҧҧ, Ҳ˵, ֻҪ˫ҾͲᱻǣ
ڵĴ𣿡Ҷʵ
ңԾ߬ȭ
ȨһҶ޻֮ٸеŭ, ȴֲɱޡȻ, ǰ, , ʲôҲ첻ˡ
ݡң䲻鲻Ը, ȴҲòЭ, ʱ
ڡҶ˵, Ȼüϸ˿һҵģü⸱ģ
ܡң˵꣬ʱ·СϪ㼴תܿ
Ҷӯ鶯ıӰǲԾһ˿Ц⡣
ңϪߣǳȷˮλֻؿں󣬷һgˮϴ˰ҪˮȴȻʲôܣҶ̵һۣȵȥ
ҶһȷֻǶ˺󣬷˵ͷתȥ
ңһԾɲģվߵҶ󣬴°˺һ鳤ĲӺƹȥ۾
ϰ֮ˣ赶ŪʳָһĺҶʣȻֲڣɱ۾ˣǲɱļӿٶȡ
ң˸ᣬŷĻصϪߣ⿪ϪС
ˮȿϪûˮơҶѵ
翴ˡңӦ
˿ҲʲôҶԭϥؾ֮ŵ
ҶУ֮˶Ǵң
ǵڡҶ㲻ǡ
عάңңЦһһgˮͷϣҲǱһлᣬһӱ
Ե򡣡Ҷ˵⻰üĲ˰֡
ĽҰزȿᣬңϴһ򵥴Ǹƻܽ٣ʯص˰ߣִһմɳѣšôɲɵش˻ȥ߳иֻòͷͷԾɱŵҶιˣ
ﲻģ²ڡҶϰĽŲδ͵֮ʼղֱ󣬷ȥ۵ĲǸᣬһʱЦá
Ҷ˺Ĳп˿ҡͷЦ˲ң
Σң
Զ֦ͷĻ
ҶعȥǡƳңǻģãճü۽Ǽ⻹һϸϸˮ顣˳ԡƳˮܽأӵΣȻ֮ɷ
ҶæĿǿаͷ¶߿
ҹ·֮ڵ̨ɽС
˼ɽ߷գɽ紵ҰҲ
Ҷ˫֣ǰһ԰˶ߵĻĲݣǰңƽصģȻǰ𣿡
ûС
ҿ鲻ˣֶɽ·ϤشǰҲɽ
ܸȤңͷƳһۣʵ
ʡҶɿܿĿ⡣
ҲܺҶľңŲȻζ㻽Ϊ常ȴûƴĸӡң֮ƺʲôĽᡣ
ҶԣĬƬ̣ȻҡͷЦȷ˼ɼֻģǸֵõˡ
㸸ףңʵ
Ҷһף˵ʲô𣿡
ûУֻǲ²⡣ңҡͷ
ʮǰΪ㿷Ҷ˵⻰ʱΪƽ·˵˵ľ޹ϵŸճңĴѰڱѩߣ֮ˡ
Ǻأ
Ҿ꣬ոս˹ʹߵķҵңΪӣ˵ҪҸ𡣡Ҷ˵Ǹ˺һֿҲ֪Һǣͬ飬ɵҳ֮޶¼֮ģΪѪİ
ôģңʵ
ȻɱҶҿɲЩīسɹʿΪνĹ䣬ҶѪԵ֮ɱ֡
⻰ңɵûϻؽȳ׼ұԷʱ龰Ĭ
Ҷɫ죬࿴ۣʵôˣ
ûʲôңҡͷ޸ĸ޷ʹҲȷ벻һѡ񡣡
Ҷԣһ㶡
࣬λԵͬڲڵľֻ㲻ЦҲ޹ʹĶԷˣ˴֮˻룬ҡҡͷ
ңıӰüĽͷһ˿⡣
ңδЩǿŲԶ߸кµٲͣ˽Ų
ںߡҶߵԣͨﾡǻأġ˵ţ㼴ǰȥٲ󷽡
ңĽŲһߵʯǰ
һ޴ĺ¡죬ʯڶǰ򿪣չ¶ڶǰģһͨıڶʯϡϡżյƵĵƻ
ңҪ̧ȣȴһԵҶ첲¡
ҺߡҶ˵ţ㼴˽ȥ
ңü΢򭣬Ťͷһٲ߽ͨ˫һأһ죬ٲ͸ˮڵϵĹҲȻ£һϸ죬ֳܿʧȻͷŽյʯţüԽҶʵһǰ߲ͨҲ޷ٻͷ˰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢ͷ
ңս񳾵ȴöߴϸ죬Ťͷһȴǽ治֪ĶбϸţЩϸ֮У½һУ䵶һ㣬վͨڵĶˡ
ܣ˫Ծ𣬱ܹӽбһСõһ˲ڵϵĵӰƳͬЩâҶҧء
˲ѯʣĿɿɨǵضĺУ¼ÿһĿ϶ȺϮʱһᣬܿͷХķâһݲԾ𣬴½ĵ䴩նձܿͷһ޽ǻУݲأ˸ǿվȡ漴عͷȥƼնձܹ󣬵ϥڵԵҶ
·߹𣿡ңʵ
ûСҶվ̴Դӷ֮󣬱һֱڴˣ»أֹڡ
ҵҪǰ滹ʲôңҧվǰխѭŵƹǰǰһͷһ¾ǸԲɣһ׵
һ֨֨һľƴմļĵƹУڶǰ
̴֪֪ͶϵģңŤͷҶʵûһ·𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷǰӣţң߳üҲδκ״԰ţûվȽŲ´ಡһһ֧Ĵָϸ͸ľ壬ֱ嶥Ŷң֮󾪣֧ܿ֮д졣

ԣ
ﲻģ²ڣ˵ﲻģ²ڣԡСָЬ²Ҫñӣ޶˵Ļɡ


179 . 仨˶
û°ɣҶ, ֧ӽڷɴֻܶ÷ܡ
ңݲһշԾǰ, ĸ첲, Ű
, ƿľѵ첻ڶɫ֧ܼ꣬Ű, ڻƵĵƹ֯һԭͲι̵ţڶ˵ķɱ֮, ҡεԽ˿ǰ·, Ȼһ̤գ׹䡣
ңۼֿ, һѱסһ, ס׹Ҷұ, Ҷֽ䴦̧ǡ, Ƴһĵ, һṳ̊֫Ž·һ֧ݲ, һֻʣ°ľŵ, ˫ͬʱ, ң
ԭṦ˵, ֧, ԭŵҲԻظЩ, ʹ̤¡Ṧ, Ϊ֧㣬Ծһ߿ļ֧ᵶ𣬺ɨײ
ûû𣿡ңһ䣬ͷһʹƳһ֧϶ͷҼ缡һѪۣһʹ̴˿ӿȫ
Ҷⲻ˱ֻƼһ첲ʱѪۡ
˴˿̣ϵĴľ嶼ѱ򴩣ֻʣϷҡΣûŰ塣нٶҲһ·ұܣǰ
߾룬ϱ˲˺ۡ쵽ͷʱطҵ˴󾪣һһ̧ȥƼǰʯ·ӴȻɳڣҡҡ׹
Ҷüһһʱ˲࣬æңݲһԾǰʯ·һֻһ·Ӵ䣬͵׹
ңȻ쿴Žƽļӱܴ˸
ΣҶɿ֣ɿɨһմȾѪת
ãǲˡң˵꣬ȴȻס£һ͸ѪˮػݹǰɽǰմѪ۵ĲʱΣʵˣ
¡Ҷŵ棬֧վӣȻһǰԵ
ң״ġ
Ҷ˿¶У˿仹ʹţȴůԾ¶΢Ц
ЦʲôңֻôĪǰ滹֪ʲôء˵⻰ͷ죬ܰסҶ󱳣һܣʱáһŤͷһƼһ˫ͷķɵײʯڣڵϡ
а׼û£Ȼת˲ĹǰͨڱѴܳ뷽ͬ˫ͷɵϮˡ
ûˣңҶ֣һܿѷɵ
Ҷ˺ѣ֮ʱͣңβεʣնһӭ泯ϮķɵݲǰҶ΢һûü˵㱻һס첲Ű΢㣬ֱܿһ
ǰ澿жԶ·ңüһСȼһʹһĵڵأͷһϲһ˫ͷɵҪְγͷ죬ϸ㱻Ҷһ
ߣҶ
໥ɵУ˺۱ܹգͨǰУչһ䣬ȴһʯǽסȥ·
⻹·ңŭ˫ȭݺûǽ棬޺˵Ҷģôÿ㶼ûʲô£
ģҶŤͷƳһɵӵͷһŷɵײʯǽڵأ˿
ңһôһѣѣȴһڡ죬ŤͷһƼǶ·ʯǽмѿһ죬࿪
ɵԾɲϮ˹˲࣬αȺ˽ȥʯŹرգһ̹ǺΧ£ſ壬˿ʯңǼⶳʯҡ
·ң鲻֪ǿЦһʱϣð춼ûκα仯
ϵķɵһ̱ڵءһСС˿ڣٸҡ
Ҷַס¾ˣüĽ٣Ծ˸䡣
ңѩɽ꣬ηɵͨļڻʢģϸղʯⱻɵˣ˴˿̣˿Ѫֹ⺮䣬˫ֽס˸첲
Ҷ״ǰȴһƿ
һ㻹Զ㡣ңƳһ۵ҿƲסһɱ㡣
ԲסҶҡͷоΡ
ҲҪһ𡣡ңвʣվײײ򷽲Žŵʯǰǽ棬ͼҳڣȴͻȻ죬ֿһţƿ죬׶룬ֱ󱳡
ңܣκ̫أжٻѼԾɱö׶ظĵۡ
ҶϡƳЩ׶ļѪһĺɫκξ̫Զػֻˤڵء
ңҶæǰȴŵһ˴һɳƵҶӣõˡ
Ҷңһ߳ʯңӳģһɽڵľ͹ǰһɴʣʺһƬ谵ԼܿΡ
ʱ෽ңӰһ㣬ָ̧񵲣˾Ƴ
ɾײŷ޴ӻ˼Σصڵء
ӰҲɳԶ˼Ե
Ӱ˫ȻĶ֡ɴʺ󴫳ǸɳƵµһĴˣ˵á
ңƿǰҶŵվɴµĺӰ󣬡ظ¾̴ˣ
Ҷı»治СɴʺӰ⶯㡣
̴βĿʾˣҶʵ
ң̴ЦȻƿɴʣ¶һŲ̺۵Ц˵ҶӵѪһĪҲͬ常һҪ֮λ
ûȤҶ̴֪һҪ
Ŷ̴ڨЦѲһҶӾǴЭ
ȻҶ
Ƿ常𣿡̴ȻţоǺɣѪȥȴң
Ҫأ£˾֪ҶǰЩӣλʹҲ̨ɽ̴鷳ɽ׽һʱ֪
á̴洽΢бȭȻ߬
ңüһپĿڴһưʹУؿȥ
ôˣҶ󾪣æǰ
ɷ̴ɫ䣬ƹһ㣬ӣҶӺں
ʲôңŤͷҶСʵ
м࣬Ǵ߶Ѫ֮ʹҶ˵⻰ȻҵķλɫҰֽǸղЩ
̴֪չЦǾҶӾ콫Ѫȡ˶
˶ңҧʹ


180 . 
ɽO@, ûҡӵ㣬¡ˮҰ׷׷
Ҳ˵, ȲǶҩ, Ҳ, ԭʧַȴû뵽⼸, ̴ѧˡңɽʯ, Цҡҡͷ, Ҿ֪, , ׼ûʲô¡
Ҳϵ档ҶĿ̾, ֪ˣͲá
µ, ֻȥѪң, 𣿡
귽̴սգ̴ȣӴѪҲټҶ, пܵĵط, ҶȥѰ, ȴһ񡣡
Ѫ, ׳ʲôģңʵ
ǿѪɵ, šһĴָôҶ˵, ĴָȻһ¡
Ҳ, ǲǾ͵ôɷһˣңЦһͻȻָҶ
Ҷ䲻⣬ȴߵǰ
ңɫ䣬̽ᵶȴ䴫һʹʹȥ
Ӳˡһ취Ҷ˵ţȴƿ
ұţǲǵϻҲɷĿңǿ̾ʹܡʵڲѰ˿ڿɱȡˡ㡭ţһһծֻ
Ůгر¼סˡҶЦãҡͷôȥǳ֮ƣܸ취
ǾȥѪҳͻң۵ýʧȥǣȡ
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ɣһ֧ŶͷбĿ񣬻ƶŹվ˺һ°ɣû÷Ὤɡ
ƲӦӱߡڵĳɣ䭻ۣŤͷһ۴⣬Ȼֱͦ˸һ̾Ϣ
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˼Ƭ̣Ƿ²Ǯǰδͩ͵ɡ߳
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Ҷԣ㶣漴ҡͷЦԭΪ٣һ⣬ұǻԹߣȴ롭
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ⲻ֪ǧ֮潧޷ǽ棬վߵߣƣ˼
ͬƳĻӲԶƾ˭ȡţɽڼ壿
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Ϊλŵĵͬأң˵֪ٵ˲ࡣЩ뿪ֻ˻ԽԽࡣ
ȲЩ·ߡҶɷ˵֣һ·ܿѰȻȴǰ·ͷŵĵ߶Ѱһͷׯӣһͷǻ
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ôǲ˵ˣжһ˿̽ζ䡣
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Ҳ˵˶϶һΪңЦȻ
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ڶ˽̸ĹԺĿͷڣңȻݶϷһϸ΢죬űһӰ


182 . δ֪
ϸһ, Ҷ¬ʤ书ƽƽȲ㱻ԷʯѨ
ҶҲû࿴¬ʤһ, Աߵңǰ, ĸ첲, ֵֵͨء²󣬻ܺŪȥ, ᣬͬߡ
ϲֹɷ, ŵ, ܴߣҲܲ˶ԶңԾ, һҲ, 跨ҽɷ, 㡣
⣿Ҷ
˵ĮĹм, Ѫң, ȥ
Ҷʵһ̣ȥɽ
ɽĵΣһϤң, ±ˡ
һ
, ĺ÷ң, 徲徲ɡ
ʱ, ⴫ׯĺʤ, ʦһ, ǧŮˡ
߰ɡңüͷ, ѹɤҶҪٱסɾ鷳ˡ
Ҷβѣһִӻͳһֻ״Сƿݸң
ʲôңʵ
ʯҡҶ죬͵ģҴӲⶫֻ㣬ҲܹŰɡ
Ҷ԰գݲԾݶԭ·뿪ݶƬװӡңҲ˳˻ȥ
ׯ껰δ¬ʤشǾ쳣ֱƿš
ң˸ö࿴һۡ
ׯǰ¬ʤһѡ¬ʤһᣬˤڵϣתѣãȻŤͷ⡭ף
ʶԼڷһµңԭ˿ׯһۣôŸʲôŪһΪ˶ء
ôȥ˲Ź֣ׯһۣ
ܣ¬ʤƲƲ죬СֹҲûֲô
ţȥʦ֡ׯ˵̱꣬˳ȥ¬ʤͼȴûסƿײϣ۵졣
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ңһգֻûһ̹󣬱
ˣڷаϵ¬ʤΣ֪֪ǵð
ҸʲôңƳһۡ
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лңӹˮһ
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лң뵡Ѽ鸡ƶƮ졣
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̫أڵң
½ջȻͷȴȻɫ԰ҪǵѰ㡣򵥵飬ͱø𣿡
㻹ûסңҡͷЦЦ߿
ǰˣ½󺰵ǰ߲Զϻҵȥ¡
𣿡ңһ㶣ʶǰһۣʲŷԼվͱ֮ϣͷһԨ

ԣ
Ѧơ
Ͷ·ضʽ
ǧϰ
ͬƯĹ
ȥסˡ
壺һһǰкܶѵ·ҴææֻһȥѰ·
ǧ;бʧ⣬įݿ塣
ҵ鶼Ưǵͬ.ᡣ
뿪,ǶԷгֵˡ
ܽ᣺Ůˡ


183 . Ӧ
ʱ, ء
Сͷ£վһԼĪŮ۾ſ込һֻֽ, ʱʱ쳤˫, ϼ, ƺͨ΢ȡֻֽ𰡣
͸ҶƬ϶, ɢɻҳƵĽʱһӰ, Ůǰһ, ٶϵֽ, Ѿˡ
Ůŵ˫, ǰθߴ, üĿꡣ
𣿡չһЦֽݸŮ
лл磡Ůӹֽ, ˸߲˿ȥվ, ŮԶЦ𵭣ü両һ˿޵ʧ䡣
겻Ǳˣ޷ǡһ, Ȳ뿪潧, ֱȥ, ֪, һ·跨̽, һЩ̽, ĴѰңϢ
ԭҲϵң, ֪ԭڽһѰˣȴͻȻתȥ̨ɽȻص֮󣬱ģɽ鿴
ٵԣһҹšһζľǰɤţ⡣
޷ƽزϲƣϯƱյҲԼʤѡ
˶յ·֮ȹ˳ż֮УԾˮ߽ҽ顱ľѰ˸Ľ
Ÿոȣһҿţ˽ġû׼ΪǰЩʱࡢλңԪ𣬾ŮĻᣬǰͷҳ̹ȥЩˣء
޷ü΢װƵĻͷƳһֻۣӣһǸղ˵λ롣
һλһףΣ꣬ŵģҲԾɱһѿؽϷ¡
޷ţȴδˣֻ֪ǰдţ˵Įѧɾ³صԭֳ׳ɺš
Ǽͨ䲻ϵãҲóǸϲ̨ĸࡣ
޷˼Ƭ̣΢΢һԳϵХһ¡
ô룬һҪɱǸŮˡĿڣΪ˸ףҲΪ˴硣
ˣͨԴһգʵ
ҪǾôóȻɽպεͷҲǽȥѽͨѵ
Ǿ͵ȵһһε·ɽ
޷Ŷ˵Ļŭ澢ӿעģָ⣬ǰðȥ
ʷʱƶƲˣ棬ƼһĻͫһҲƵ˻غ
ң㻹ңһ۵ſǻ
޷ŤͷһǷǸֽŮ׷ͯܽá
ǰϵֻֽ𰣬һкץȿ챻Ů׷֮ʱһףһͬ顣
ͯھ֮䵽ҴܣϷˣǸŮ޽ԡ
Ů޿ڶ׷ϣ䲻ԣȴʼղϷ
޷ǼΣü΢ۼһкŸԣǳѶ˼ҡ
кӵͣĻͰֽ𰳯ͬ˹ȥ
кмλãֽžǰ¶ͷ飬һץֽһţžһڵϡ
ŮŴ˾һͻȻۡһ˳ϷˣкҲһԭأҳ
㲻Ϊ⣬Ůվԭؿǻ䲻ⷢ͡һЦΪ
޷ǼΣһԲк֣ߵԣʰһŵֽ𰣬չǰ󷭿һǸһ˿Ц۵Ϊ̨жӢţԭֻСǰ԰ڣǿһСһ˰ɣ
ǺˣĮڷɺţǳ⣬˿޾ͷһŶԷüĿ㣬Ůģܴ죬İʵ
С䣬ͼǹҡ޷ǽֽǰһģתߡ
Ŀϰݣָͷ̽ȥ
޷һΣ㷴ӦȻ˰벽ֿ̧ţһš
䲻ȴܿعζȭǯƣסؽһ˳ȥ
ˣ޷ǴˣϷ֮ɫ˳嶯ɲǺ¡
㲻ʲôֱ֮˵֣·
Ǿ͵ʤˣҡ޷˵꣬ǻλߡ
ܹ裬һؽͷɨȥ
޷ȴƱ۾Ƶģ΢΢棬׾ٱ˿ȥһ⹴һ߳ХµӴײ˳Х±ҲҵײС
ӶؽͼХ£ȴһ޷Ƚ
ʣת糤һ㣬кؽײ޷ֻֻڱһ飬·ҪѿƵġ
⡭ʲô򣿡ͨһӺͷХ¿˰죬ֻŹ˽Դȴǿ˿ƵģôҲ벻
罣ǡ·ˣһһʽ䣬ؽ䣬ȫǣС
ͨ˰죬Ȼһֱͦ壬ҵĹԹԣѵãСӾȻţ
˵ʲô㳤Įԭ£࿿ţ֪òϸȻҲϲǰѽ
ǡǸ罣ͨͰ͵
󾪣ӽ󿪴ϣȴôҲմ޷ǰƬ½ǡ
޷ǣˣɴ˫ֱۣԼ۾
޷Ǵ΢ȴ˵
һҪȥǸŮˣͨеʹȰɱˣźöְ
ұ죡ڷ޷ǶʱѾƣĪ˵ȡֻҸʣ졣
вʣ˫ۣս޷ǽµ档ֻһ죬Ӷ⿸֮ƶ
Ǽŵôˣ޶׵ԺһҵĵҲع󺰴ӳȥ
޷еһɳ͵ľ𵴣СȹǼ䣬Դһݲˡ
Ծ֮ʣԽΪģ֧ڵ棬˫ڽմԾ̧̡
޷Ǽ״һ߳ɾײöͬʱ˿Ҳһ̫ǰһ軨һģЩվӡ
ɱˣ书Զ֮ϡ޷ǻʣһضˣʲôԸ԰գת߳
֪룬ҪȡңǼӿ첽ҹȥȻ㲻Ҫظ·׻ǳԽ˼ޣδɽţѿʼó
޷Ƿŵһڣͷȣü˼Ŷභ֮ʱ˾ʹ
ֻǱֻӵľ߬סֽ飬ôҲ̧æ֣Ҫһҩƣ븹С
޷ļ·Ҳʾ³һҹɽ
˱ˣѰ·ڵƬɽͷ£ֱӱžȥͨûı£ֻºš
ϰؽҲǧ׹ƵģṦҲϰ£ȶʵӯȥɽշ߾fͱڼ䣬㿿ؽƽΣһȥ
ңǱϾ书ٸҲʹߣ˼ϢŮӹ¿꣬ҲĹΪѣδ˿ء
˵³һ֮ҹ˷£ɫపûһ˿ңԷУŴ⾰ɫͷѹֻ֣ȥ͸
˭֪⣬û߼ƼԶһʵĺӰ
ңͷһŷδϨĵƻ͸΢ĩԼƼһؽ͵һжʱֻʣһͷǾǡӡ
ɽϣδ˰ۡϾﻹмٺˣнĲôԾɱⲻף֪֮ŮݣĻ١
ңΪЩ˴򽻵½հ˵飬ɽ˼ǰ󶼲̵ס¡жŶҩû˿ѺҲ޴ӣԺҲδԼ
Ȼ£ңȴƫƫΪ㣬øԮľء
תǰɽȥ֮ʣ޷ʹṦɽ·ϡܱ巽򣬲ɽߡ
Ѽƾӵù׷
ͨǰɽ·Զңܳһ·ĽŲԽԽ¶Ȼתһ룬ȴͻȻһ֮ض⡣
ת򣬾Գ½յ׹µľڱȥ


184 . һ
ɽ֮һؿ, ½յҲǿؿ
ң±ߣؽ, һ, һ, Ծ¡
ʹ书ֻҪƫ, һغ촹֮, 䲻ǿľϷ, ȴҲűԵ
֮Ȼ׹֮, ǿҵ, ˫˫Ȳ, סľ֦ƴ, סľ, ҧѪ죬סΣ󺹡
ŮԼҲҶ𣿡վ±, źڰԨ
ңҧ, һԡ, ˷֮ҹ, û¹, ʹ, վͱڶ˵Ҳδܿü, ֻҪԼҹܶһ˿ĵϣ
ʱϵɷȴ
ңǿ֮ʹҧأȴδһҲ֪˶ãͷǹϢҲɳȥ
̶£ԭƽƣңֻԼһֻ˵ļһͷ֮У޼¡
Щ־вȴҲֻһľ֮ϣȴ
ҹܼͬ尾Ļ޷ǡ
ɽµȵкת֧ƣӣ̤ǰɽŵ·ħͷ֮Ѵժ߽Ҳɾ֮
Ũīһĳҹߵճ아޷ɽǰ
ɲ֪ģȻеһǿҵĲ
ط䲻˶ɱôҲٲһȻҪˣԷҲ
޷ϻ˵ľһȥɽƫƧСתѰȥȴСľͷ½յĺĶ
޷⻰¹˲࣬ҲԼթʬľٶ᲻½գ̱ǰȥ½ջأ
ڰڵġ½ʶ꣬ŻعԾ͵һת޷վǰһʱŴ졣
Ǻ⣿޷ͷʱӿһֲԤУҲ
ǡ½ҡͷ˼Ȼóٶۣһʱ벻Լʲôģ˺ð죬Żңˣ
ʱģ޷ž⻰˵ûͷûβʵͬ˵Ϊλɽ
ǳϺʦ飬ҪԭԭŪŰ˹ԡ˵ǡ롯Ϊ˲˻½Խ˵ԽǽƣʱߡǺ䵽𣿡
˵ô˵óȻ޷ҧһĬ𣿡
Ҳˣ½꣬һ룬ҡͷҪˣɽʦʦǣǰͨѽ
޷üԣ·ңڴ˵סŸɽͷϸѰһȻһĵؽҷĺۼʱʧѪɫȻ̧ۣ½գ㣬⣿
ҡҲ֪½վ˺󣬡⡭ʱɽģô֪
޷̻Ѱŵϵĺۼһ·ݣƼͱڵһɲ۵ظһ˿֮̿ɫ¼ɲֹ
⡭ⲻǡ½׷Ƽǰ龰ɫʱòҰס
㵱׹֮޷ǵͷŴĹȵףֻͷһѣΣЩվӡ
ȥ½˵ţתܿ
޷ǶԨп˺һŻ
ĿҡҡͷĨȥǸµĲ²⣬һǿþ¶жɶɣǿѹͷֻţݲͱڼļ͹ʯԾͻİϡ
Զվɽڼ䣬мǶĺۼչԼĪ߰˳Զľ룬һۼ·һխʯ
·߹һأṦԾʯϣԲ¡
ϵΧʱгұ䣬Ȼµúܣȫ޷绯󣬷пխҲ񳾼Ϊ
޷ƳЩһ˿ݲԾʯ
ʯѣԽ߱Խǿƽ̹ݲۣһ·ֻǸ˶յӰܹЩǰ
ոգ۵յ˼ۡңһַĿڣײײڹȵ׵ҲݴС
һ·ֻʼ֪ʱֻЬŵ㣬ŵױʯƣѪ
ɷҹ𣬱һֱ϶ֹ˴˿̣ǻ֮ڣ·һһգĿһֱյСԽȼԽ
ֿʣֻܾҵˮԴȴԽеͷѣΣ·ǰĻľͬɽʯڲҡҲεͷۻ
ʱһ󡰻ˮӲԶ
ң˻Դò׶ϸˮѰȥһ峺׵СϪûжܣ㾶˽ȥӶˮУֻˮ£컺ʹ
ˮˢ壬ڵ͸ʪϣճֵߡ
֪˶ãе֮ڼЩߵҲɢ
ңһϤĺޱȽơ
ңƬ̣һʱԼ˻þ
㲻ǲˮ𣿿޷Ű·񵽵ѥӿ첽ˮߣѥӸ£ܲˣԾϪˮ֮Уˮǰַ˫磬ǱģĿֹ·һ̾Ҫĳ
㡭ңʪֺĨһԼǰ꣬˵ҡ𣿡
˵ʲô޷һ֣ʹˣ̽鿴ǰһŷһ˺ۣʱۿգʵôŪ˭㣿
ֱ˿̣ңŻع˼ҹ֮˾ǰУ˫Ҹ£ӵˮȿֺֹסػ䡣
޷۲ѣֻԼϵڱһȥ˫ֽӵڻУͷǸˡ
ܿ㡭ѾܺˡңĿֹ
޷ǲԣᱧˮϪȴʱһ鴤ֻǿ̲ʣһƬƽ̹ʯϣԡ
ôͺ𣿡ңĲѣܹ˵ȣüͷ˶ûãôˣͲ¡
һûˡ޷ǹ˲ϷæŵҽŲ鿴˿ڣһ鴤æҩϣѥӡ
ֻ֪㱻˴ȴδ뵽޷Ǽæϣʵ⵽ô£ʱúõģƾ֣á
ûʲôֻ;׷ɱҶ֪ġ
ô޷ɫ΢΢һʲô
ңҡͷƽ͵봫λʥѪ֪١Ҷô̴뷽ְ˭֪Ūɳ׾Ҹǣ˽ȥ
޼ƿʩֻЩ鷳ͬȥ̨ɽȥ̴棬˭֪
˵˴Ȼеһķңͷ˫ۼ䣬̾ô֪ۣԼŪǱ
ô˵Ĵ޷۲ѣͷٴӵ뻳֣̽̽¶ȣֻһƬֿ˿ʪ͸ѣһĬᱧ𣬾ͽѰ˸ɽЩ֦Ҷ
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ô˵Լ޷ǿ£˳ҷ㲵ݣĿУʵϻˣҩҿ𣿡
ңһͷ⿪ѣȴһ٣ͻȻ뵽£ɿҡͷ뻹ɽҪǱ׷˹һʲôӣ
Ҳǡ޷ǵͷˣȻҴɽȥҸˡһЩͿղ˵ġɷô£ôҵģ
ңԾ̾˿ҡͷŽЩţ渵
޷ĻüĲԾһš
һعһ˽꣬ʧһ´Ҳ֪ȴû뵽ҶȥѪˣǵõȵʲôʱȷ̴õһ⿪ϵɷ
Ҳȷţֻʵ벻ô졣ң˵ţ¶ԳЦͷϸ룬һǰ¿̫ˡһҪ㣬֪Զٸͷ
ҲҲٻأôԼ޷䣬Ѹ͸˿ŸϵǰۣԵ߬УһɽϿң̫Զ
Ҫİңǵǧˡ
ģ޷չգɽ֮ˮʡ
˫Ŀ˵òײҵ㣬÷ֿ


185 . ɽçԼ
˵ҹ, ң׹֮ɫ޹⣬¾, Ҳδưոݡ
Į, Ϊ˸صԭ, ȻΪģɵĽ;ϡڸѰɽ·Ѳһҹ
˳է, Դ˼ɽ·Ϥǰͱײң, Ҳֻɺ϶, ɽһߣȻûһڰɽʧ˷
ɽжתת, ҵ, ԾֻɽҰٻĲݡɽ·, Įһƽ۱ߵĲԭ, Ŀ, 涼ǸƵɽï֣ܵѷֲ嶫ֱʲô
һţҪˡҪʬֱ˿, ҲǲϷ, ˭֪ȥ, ֻص˸ղŵλá
ȴʱ, ƳԶһ, һƬƵ½, ȡ, з
½ǻϻңɽ˪ʱΪµġⱾûϵƫ·һˣͨϻ½Ǵٲƫƫңʱ˿̣պþٲһ֮ɽЪϢ
Ǹӣ֪½վ£ֻ½ǵһ·˹ȥٲ£պñ㿴ڿʶȡˮң
ŮһŻ̤ˮݹ̶ٽͷȥ
ң󾪣Ϣޣö书޷֮Ӳƴֻ˺󣬿Ҳ޷֮ܣ֮ñֳһ㽫Ȧ£УֻһУ׾ȡ
ǧһ֮ʣƬҶԺƿնܣȴһӰݶңּݿȥڲԶһƬݴԼ䡣
̽·޷ǣһڵģŭҪҪڻˣ书Ҳʹڹѧ㱾£ֻ֪޷֮ˣ
㣿ɫ͵һ
Σ޷ǽң󣬵㾯㣬ȲһûɽҲԹҡ԰գȻὣ֡
㲻ԣӽϡ޷бһХˮкüغϣƺתӯɣԵֱȡҪ
ϻ飬ֻ֣ɱģ˿ƣ˵ңС̬֮ŭѣ䣬Ҳκء
㱾֮ȴ·ƣ·硣
ңһԹۿ޷˳ҲƵúܣȴƫƫﲻκæֻܸż
кȻһ޷˵ĻҲгһռϲ֮ˣȴʩԮ֣ȫǵζޱȼ尾
尾ζýգҲǳˡ
ϻڣ޷ͷһʹڸǰʹ罣Х£統꽭˶ĳޡһ絴帲Ǻӡ
һգңһֱղۿġ罣ģ
֮ˣʶǽת䣬һһʽ⣬طԼԼҴ֮ѧ˽⣬浶ǹʹҲδؼ뼰ƽǿһеģž˴ദһ֮ãδ˽
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һؿ󣬱㳤ۣһʱƲ޷ǵʽȴҲι֮ѧػء
ңʱ䣬üѸٴڡ
ؽѰ֮ʱ֣۰ϣܷ
ϸһֻתӶؽʱʮоŻضѨ£г̬̳֮޷ǵоˣ
޷ԣнһת̳
æܣ߳ŭң뻳ͳö⣬̧š
ң䲻ö䣬ڣæܣննö⡣
޷ֻ޳Խŭֵ׽һ죬һĽǶȣбֻۣáһлһѪۣ˿ƤҲ֮
ңжϲ٣ԭоɻһ⴦˾ʹʽҲòãʮڣ޷ǽ¡
޷Ǻὣȵڵأһɣ£ȴңһţ
޷ǲɻ󣬻ͷһۣȴҡҡͷ
ǷɺŸţ㲻ɱңǰס֣
αڴ̬ЦҪǵźҸףֵܶҲ˾ءСȱ壬ΪŮѣڲˡɱңʹٱ
޷ü΢΢һĳһֲֻ֮սֲ˼֣ȴٿսתͻǰѨڵأң֣ɿ뿪
ͬʱɽ̻ٿشգը𻨡
޷ǣ޷ǣң޷һ·Ҵԣɽߣλ֣Ӧ֣󲽣ǰ˵޷ǣ˵
޷ǺƳһ㣬ֱһعͣ½Ųлιһ˿δľ֮ɫ
㲻ұģԼأң˫磬˫ĿʵȷҪΪңĿȫǣҲԭ𣿡
Ҷ嫳ʱ·ѻͷˡ޷ңĿԶ
Ҽǵɽʱ㻹ڵ֮¡ɲ֪ӺʱһУ㶼ΪҵҵͻȻ֮䣬ұ㶼ˣӺζҪȥδ
ббԭڸߴȴҶᡣǰδ⣬Ҳ룬㣬ȴԽ̿֡Ǿ罣ˣҲǽһӢʿѵҪΪҲһУҲزͷ𣿡
㲻ɱ㣬ҲΪ޷Ŀл㱡
ʲҼʹ罣֪ۼҴ֮ѧδĶ֡
ңĿ⣬ϧ֮ɫҲĽȴǣۣһߵ죬ĺúڣڵΪβŵȰ棬Ҫߣֽ֪ҾӦ
δ˵⻰㱻޷һӵ뻳С޷¶ο֮ɫǰһǣ˵ҴӦ㣬ӽ𣬲ʲô˼СҲػ֣̿ΪίȫҴɽƮ֮࣬ȫ໤ԵҶĳŵ֮£˱ΪֹˡЩɽ跨ɷǡ
԰գȻ£ӻͳһֻ״Сƿݸң
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Ľҩ޷ǵ
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ңӹСƿй֮ɫȴһӵڻУɽȥ
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ңһһ˼ֻ˵ͷȥ޷Ǽ㣬·µʲôƵģ΢΢һ§ֱ֣ӽᱧ
ʲôң
޷üһЦȴش𣬾ôɽȥ
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ҹңڴأƿĽҩĬũϸ˲ˮǰ޷ǰӹϸлͷ²ˮֿһңȵϸԶ£ʵǲǾã컹лû˵
֪ʲôң̧ͷһۣвá
ģҺԼʲô޷§ͷ˵ղ㶯ɱģһʱ嶯ͬ£󲻻ٷڶΡ
֪ˡңͷĿ
ʵĲ̫࣬޷ǵҽյĴۡ˵ҽйߵһżȻ
Ҳ˵𣿴ǰôҶ㡣˵ãԵڶǰעͣΪβúܣҪհǰ˺󣿡
ң˴̧һۣȴ˵
޷΢΢һЦҩƿ֣ζҿǳġԽ٣ҩԽáҲãÿϺ£㶼ǰ棬ҵġ
⻰ңĬĬһۣƿƿнҩһڹ¶ǣ漴ǰ״Сƿ뵽ÿζ⸱ԡҲգռʱϵķϣͬƽϡ
޷һЦͷǣлл㡣
ңȻȴѱ˴
һֻǳãȴԶ೤ĩˣĶͷ˵ұˣȴ˵ǧá䲻֪·жٿ˿㣬㹻ˡ
ң¶ݣУ˫ƹҸ£ڱӵþòԸɿ
ũլԺᣬǼªࡣϸΨһĿշڸˣҲҪʲôڶǰʮܣҲЩҹӵߣܿ˯
˭֪ҹңɷַò׻ͣȴѳһ󺹡ƣʹֻ˯ȥ
޷ͷ﷭ҳɾѸϣʹٴη˰ޣδϹ˫ۡ
ҹ봰϶ϸ¹⣬ʼʶֻ棬лݣԾ¶Ц⡣
ɽºӱ߳һĻǰͣãɢȥշһ㡣
΢˫Ŀ뵱ʱľֻǵɽȥѰҶɺӣȻ˿ԼǷһ·δ٣ȻŤͷȥȴԶĲһͬɰŮӣԾ¶΢ЦʱӳԺУֻһŻ
ԵʻᣬԭΪƼˮ꣬ߵգȴǿ̹ġ
޷֣ḧǰ˯֮˵գһʱ鶯΢΢չȥǣ۽ʪһι̵ᣬ䡣
Сׯ㵴ɽȥİնԭȵĽų̣ұܵ
Ȼңˣɷۣ޷·϶޷Ĺͳֻһ·ͣͣʮյĹĵգŵɽš
¾Ϊף˴ذҪǱұ֮أɽƾΣУ͡
ɽŴկڣۼŲٷ챦ˡԭ⣬˲ϡı̧ۣɾӡ
޷ǱңڿЪϢȴܲסľ󾢣ֻܴһڸм߷ãȻһչ⾰δѪйص
˻ƻ̯ʱһλС˶̸̯Ȼ뵽һ㣬̯ɼǵԪ
һʷ֪Ԫˣר޸ʽȻǰЩӣƼ£Ӵ˱ӰϢֻЩŹ֣׷ȥŷСҲֻһ֪⣬˵Ȼ
ûмһ廷׵ҹңʵ
׵Ƕǰļһˣڻ⣿С룬ҡҡͷҼûֶ⡣
ԶһҷֹŹֱ̯ϣ̯֣Ƶңˡ
ŹֱͨĮģ̷¾֮ˣǶģ£ſģ治
̯Թʽо˶˵ʻҲܿͻȻֵλˣ
һۣȴ˵ֻĬĬת̯ǰ
λ̯Ŷ嵶彣۷Ź⣬治治
Ǹˣңֱ롣
⵶Ҫ۶٣СҶ
⵶ң
̯СѪɫ޸֮õֵ㿪ۣұ֤գۡ
ô¾ãǰλû׵Ŀˣĵƥ䣿޷ǵ
ȻҿǷףҪģǿɾ̯͡˵⻰̧ۣĿ޷һĨζ֮ɫʶԼ˵©죬ѺĻ˻ȥ
Ǹˣ޷кЦ
Ǽ̯һ룬һԼ˵ķâӲԾͷ


186 . ǧվ
ɽ, ҶŢС䣬ϸ΢Ķعͷȥ, ȴ޷ǣң, һ˹, ǰվ
Ҷǰһ㱣Ŀɿңӹ, Ƴǲ԰㲵ģĵһʹ
һ, ƽʵŵûΪ㣿
˵, ң֮, Ķ, Ѿˡ
ǾͺáҶ˵ͷ, һȻζ
޷Ǽʼ˰㶢ң, ǰʵҶּҵ, ΪڣвԪ뿪
Щʧѵ̴Լ𣿡ҶƳһۣ, Ҷĳɲ蹫, , ָ׶Ű, ֵĵĹ
˵ֲű߼ʵĻң⻰, ̿, ʵ, 㣬Ѫںδ
޷̻ŤͷһۣǷɿӹһĨЦ⣬ме⣬ο
ҶһԲֻǱȥǰ߿
ոյظѡ˽߹ֵ֮Ťţ϶ںڰ๵ﰲ仧
Ҷͣ½ŲվһϾɼªСԺǰ
СԺǰûΧǽֻΧһȦߵͲƽľդԺУһλ׷߷һľȣһŵͰľʣ۾һʵɹ̫
ߣòԣֱ˸ͣԾһ
һͷӣʲôÿġ˵⻰ʱԾۣվǶˣͷ˵˵
߶ˡҶԺߵ߸ǰ
޷ǲң߽ԺʶһߣȻŵӣֻһಢŵȣһǿյġ
ʶ£˸ң֮ʩ
ԭˣȻЦеǼΪҪͷأ
Ԫ˵һºҪͻ¡Ҷֹʩ
޷ºҪ֣ƵŤͷƳһۣȴ˵
ԪԪһȻЦЦǵãϷǵãôһˡ
߶˶٣ּ˵˼ʮˣôҪⶫ롭𣿡
ʮꣿԣһ㶣һʱ֪ôӺ
޷ȷӦæʩ񣬹ˡð׾ƣ޶˾λ֮ɷʹ಻ʩ֮˷ǵҪҵóѪϽǰ¡
Ŷһ㶣վϸʼˣĿңϣʵ˵ɷĺӡ
ңһףҪ˵ȴŹߵСľݣһߣһҿɵúúҡǰǻǶԪǵ˵ǸĥӲҪͬҶģ˵Ұⶫ̯ϣ֮ڶֻ֪Ҫһģʽ򡭡ȴҪϡ桭ϡò˰
޷⻰ĿȻǸֻȵĵϡ
ǵˣö˶˵Ƕ˿
޷ǼΣ¶֮ɫͷ˿ϸ˼ۣ˵ǵӵŶӣڵϷԭȵȷ䣬ͱ˷ϵøɸɾǼӣǡ
һ㶣߿ȥץһֻƾɵĽңΡΡ߳æǰ
ƿˣһֻһ߻ص£־ǰֻǲһöͨʺѪ
˵ֻһģЩ˱ãⶨǲֵǮ⣬ð˵ţתҶʵʲô֣
Ҷ
ǣҪⶫʵ
һ̴档Ҷ常ȱԹ֮ʣҲΡΪƿأƴУ˫ȴŪɳ׾
Ŷô˵㿴˼ˣָָָָңǺЦκ۲ϵ£ר˸ѽһ㣬о֮š
ǰĪҪȡЦҶ˵ţ²ζ
޷⻰۽⳯һƳҡҡͷַɿ𴦡
ĿתңһѾͷɫѣӲܵЩڡ˵Ǹ̴棬ͷ䲻ϵãȴҲµõ˵ֶΡôһһأõѪϽ⿪ɷֵôƺ󣿡
ǰָ̡޷
ɷԸעڣ򿪾ֱͨࡣ˵Ҫ⿪ͬмߵŲΣӦ¶ЩΪףúɷ
о綾ѽ⿪ҪȶȫɢЩʱաң˶ȴʹ裬ɻԽɷӰ죿
Ŷ򣬸׵Ǿ͵öЩѵֻ˵İɣɷôͨʱĹҲָܹʹɣܹ档
Ҳ˵ʩ֮˳֣Ҳܽ⿪޷ǰһ
ǸôҶüһ
Ѱһˮ֮أС죬ÿһอһ֮ɷԻ˳⣬ɷ溹Ѫɫת壬Ǻˡ˵Ҫ˵ˮ֮أպһɽУɶֻ
ǰ뽲ң
ɷʱ˳潻ͨ£κ谭Ҳ˵ɷ֮ˣóȥȫ㿴ߵ񣬴̽ѰƵʡ
Ҷͷ۲ѣַ
޷üͷȴ˵ڳ˼һ㡣
ôңһɣǰһʵܲǰ⻯ɶôߣ
߿еĻɶ㵴ɽεĹ֮ڡ
֮תһ䣬һأ˵һݣ磬ˮȴ峺ޱȡ
һԲ͸⣬أʯڼ䣬ɫĻ䣬ޣ
һȨ֮£ֻڶиߴһһɫĻڳϣ͸ĻֻƼһԼ͸ĺɫӰһ㡣
ŹһԣվĻҴµҶȻ֡
Ҷ⣬ߵ߸ǰȴ߽Ѫ֮УⶫＸʮ꣬ҲûʲôãҪˡ
⡭Ҷܳһʱ
ˮȥ̶¸бб³غʯ·߳̾룬⸱⾰ˣ治˵ţͷŹȣǶȥ
ԶҶ˼ãһƺߣһңĿڣʹ֮ɫһԵ޷ǻС

ԣ
ˮȥ̶¸бб³غʯ·Ĵҹ 壺ˮŴ⽫Ҫˮ̶ϵҪ䡣б³ںʯ˾ңԶ վҶĽǶ˵ģΪпһõ黳


187 . Ȼ
ʼɡҶζӳ, ѪصĻ֮󣬽, סǰߡ
Ůλ, ڳرߡңڱ, ƽŮǰ, ȴҲ¡ĻֻһӰӣȻý, ԼҶ̱Ŀ, ſͷԣ, °, ¡
޷ң, ˿Ҳֻǳ̬գʱ, ֻϧ, ȫң£ÿǰϸķ˿Ծһ̾Ϣ
֮һǰ, һں, һƵּ米, һƶ˫, жң඾δɢȥ, Ϣٻ, ݺ϶֮, ЩϢڶ죬˶ǰϸܵĺ顣
ңԼеѪתͨ࣬㼴񣬻С
֮УϢΪ棬ϧѹƣתΪãô˿̣ȻޱȣǽҲŷᣬʹ̡
ң޷Ǽɫ죬ƣ̬æһ
Ҷң˿״ǵһҲϢҡ޷ǲ춯ȵҶòҪ˼롣㾳أȫͣвأҶ㡣˵⻰м˾еϰ֮ˣѨ޷ᣬѧ屸ƵɹӶ񣬵ǱҶĹΪʵһȫңϢס
ʱ죬ңҲͨ࣬ϢԴԴӿת˲ͨ޷ʱ죬¶ϲɫҶҲ֮˿ңͨҲ飬ˮӿ⣬ԣѪһĺɫ
ʺĺˮ͸ɫĻҶ˫ΧӿһƬѪɫ΢΢ü˵ĺۼʵôˣ
⻰Ȼ޷ʵġ
޷оԹδйɫһȻԵɺ棬ڣֱң˵
һز֪ģͻȻеΪ֮Ϊأ˼־С
Һõúܡңлġ
˷䣬֮ҶԣʱѹͷֲеζȫעϢֻ󾡿ɷӴ˼롣
һӶˮĻ΢΢ҡΣңƳһֹĻԵȻһӣǰ޷Ͷȥ޷ǲüָ˫ƣҲøࡣ
ûãͣңһȻֵͨɷһ죬㼴ĿȫĹעͨһؿѪĺ飬ɫת͸
ңĿһһѳ£ϡ޷Ҳȥʰʣѣһһãһȷ©󣬷ǰĻȴҶתȥԶˡ
նʱ㣬˭Ҳȿ˵
ң󲽣ȥ޷Ǽ״ษʰڳرߵһһ˳ȥ˶ڣңһöСʯӣ߾ǰ˾һСʯ̱㻯Ϊ촷ۣ׷ɢȥ
ˣ޷ȻһЦ
šңкδɣ䣬һȥ
޷۽ƳҶ߳ڣ£ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦû¾ͺá
Ҷң̽ͷʵ֪ղλǰǺˣΪ˵Ѫмʮꣿ˵̴ʮǰűĪǣҲõѪ
ӦˡҶޱ飬ۿն޹⣬ЩԣҲ֪Ǽ١
ܷ˵޷΢΢ףѯʵ
ԭڹ⣬ҲЩˣֱԨ·ĪѲ硣ҶͬΨĪѲԭˣ׷ӣһֻصԭȴŹ⵽Χ£սһ
˶٣˵˵һս˾״ҵıĪѲ磬ȫĪѲĵӴʣµ˻صԭս࣬ԪˣΪ󾡿׳󣬱Ǯƣֵ⡣֮λ䣬̴
Ҳ˵ʱѪ㲻ЩˣһֱλãǼٵģңüͷ
ˡҶѽɷ±ˣһҪ죬ȸˡ˵ţתߣȴȻ޷Ǹ˾䡰л
Ųһ͡޷ȴ˵˽֮£ϻǷⰵлҶ֡˵ţ˶٣ֵӽñˡ԰գң֣߿
ҶԶˣĿһͷӿһ󲻸ʣͷȥ᫵ɽ·䣬໥ԽԽԶ¿տյ֪ζ
ڹ£˰ãȴ顣ŢӰӣڽԾҲɲǷֻƶ
һ̣ͻȻʧȥûĽûкޣҲûź


188 . 滨ͬ
˻ת, ɽŵسѰ˼ס¡ǰΪɷ˽Գһ֮ɽз, մ, ֻЩϴɾȻ߹ؾ, 䵽＾, ȱˮĥĥ, ˼ˮ, ճͰ
λǷ𣿡Ƽͬһ, , ЩˮҲ, αطҪֵô
кβ𣿡ң
˹ϵʮܣȴʵ֮֡, ͬŽŮ, ȫȻͨͬԡȤ˵⻰վ޷˸װףȴֻҡͷЦ˵
ǲ, ǻʮֹ, ڹ, һĮ, ˮϡȱ֮˽Щɡ˵, 㼴˳ȥ
ң, ŻԶıӰ, ѡ
޷˫ֻ࣬һֱһƶ˨ϡңתȥȴڸǰŵֻ֧ſһ䣬΢΢Ǽഥ಻һָҪϡ
ôлҪ˵𣿡ңݸ
ܲ⡣޷΢Ц
Įɳ󣬴һ¶ңҿСҵҲ֡
֪ΪΣ޷ЦЦյߵＸ䡣
ңһһѣԭ˼֪ҾͲˡ
޷Цҡͷȴ˵꣬ϻԬҸۡԬ᳤˵ҷˣΪûз
ǲǣʲôνңһ˼ҡͷҴûЩңͷ뿪ǣֵ÷ô˼
㵱Ȼں޷գϸӣ۵׹⻪תڳףȴɲᡣ񣬰̧ηֻһ·ûһ찲ӡЩ˼ȥãҲûʳڡ
˵ңֱ˫Ŀ¡
гһףԵܰԸҵӣ޷Цġ
仰𣿡ңЦһѤá
޷΢ЦȴƵһԣˮҪˡ
⣬һ֦ͷֻųߴߴŸòϲ
Щӣ룬ǰ뿪أҲԩΪľȴ˵ࣿң˫۽ԡͰԵ䣬˵ҵ꣬Ҳ첻¡ز£ڣȴηηβࡣ
Ͱˮڶϣһ㽫У޷⻰һ趹ˮȣĨ󱳣ָ丧ͷ˰̣䲻ιһ˿Ȼˣܻ仯ɽǸģʼնк¡Ҳҵ̫嶯ˣôɽҲð̫򵥣ҲãҲ·˵õĻȫҲû
һˣңתָǰ˰̶̣һ꣬㾭࣬Ҳ֪󻹻Ρ
˵ţһ䣬Цˣӣһ˴ţ˼̫ŻˡԺΣˣҲԵġ
˵ǻϲڰ޷ǵ׷ɣֻӵУͰˮһgg󣬳徻趹ˮ
Щһߣ㵹˵˵Ϊλ֣޷ǵͷǰǵİ̺ۣüʵ
һʼľֻ㡣ң˵ģıһ࣬Һαͬƽϣ
ռٺúˡ޷Ц⣬
ң˫ֺƣڿЦ£ҲǺ⡣Ҳ˵˺ܶ˷ŭɲ֤ﻹ𣿡
޷ҡͷȻԡͰһഫϸ΢ϸȴңҷڵأйһֻδģľĴƿ㼴п˿ʵʲô
Ǹң٣⿴һۣʯҷۡ
ģ޷һ㶡
ʯҷҩ⽭֮Ϊݵ¾ĶңϣʵȲѡ
ҶҵģңΪ⣬ϻ̨ɽұûԱ֮͸
ҶȻҲⶫ޷ǵɴ˫ۣҴǰ߿ˡ
˵ûùңһ纷ȫȻδԽѿɫҲⶫ̫ûð
Ϊûˣ޷ǵ
ʯˮһôأң
޷ǲԾֻƿӣȻ뵽±ˮ˵ңԺܲԶ㣿
ңҲŲϡͬʲôϵңľ뷢䣬̺õķ٣Żͷɫü⻰ʲô˼
ûʲô˼޷Ƿ´ƿֻǾÿس֣ûʲô¡
ͬкιϵңвãһgˮ
Һ޷бŵǹȻӿʵÿҲߣ㣬˱жԶЩʲô
⻰ʲô˼Ѳһû£ңƢֻͬý˶ӻͰ⣬еϱߡ
޷Ǽ״æѶãһѽסӣĿһƽֱ˫Ŀ˵Բ𣬷ҿڲԡϡ
Īң˫½󣬵ǰ˵
ֻǡ޷سƬ̣̫ûܼ㣬̫࣬ȴ١˳ȴֲʵǡһʱ֮䣬ֱ飬ֻȻعȥϡ
ңıӰҧҧתҪ߿ȴʱӵ뻳
㻹л˵ңʵ
޷ǲԣֻǵͷ࣬Ϣ΢΢ң˶٣˼֣ȴͻȻתȥ§Ĵ޷һʱ㵣ȴֺܿ
ϣֻ֣ҡɢݣڽһƬ컡ľŮ޼们䣬˳Ŵ£޼䡣
;ÿҹɷҹ﷢޷ǳҹߣ顣˴ɷͷʯж£һ·ܵƣҲһӿһ繺󣬺ܿ˯˹ȥֱУתѣʶԣȴֻĴ塣
޷ѣǼɨһڣǵң񳾵ȵЯ֮ͨͨӰæʰڵϵȥҳһ䣬һ²鿴ȴϰһֻ̣һûƴĸ֡ҹ
Ƽ⼸֣޷ǶپǰһڣȻһȴΪͷ۵¡彣Х£Ҳټһкֻһ̱Ҫȥվȣϸҹ֮£žҹ࣬繣Ϊ˽ⳡҲһϴһҹŨ󣬱µζ
Ըȴ뾹Ҳ򵥲˼ƣֱЦá


189 . 
޷Ǵ, ¥˷꣬վĽͷ, Ȼ뵽ȥȥ֮, 뿪潧ʱ, ȥһ, ֻȥη˼ǰҲֻ뵽Ȼ潧, ̤˻ԭ·
Ұ, ̲סֻع˴£Խ, ԽеԾ, ŲҲ֪ͣ, Ҳ֪˶ãȻǸϤԭӢ䡢Ų֮, Ҳɫ󡣿, Ҳ
ңĻ޷ǲЦȥֻңҶ, Х, ǰ˻, ϻһֻҡ
Ҳ˵, ǰֱ, ңȴ㿪, , תȥ󣬱ܹὣ֣˿վҲ˵ֻǹ𴽽ǣ¶ƵЦ⡣
޷ǼΣͻȻ£ݲϡṦϳˣּ̤ϸ֦δʹ֮ۡʱ¶ѷģȴδҶʱڣ˼ľҲԾ֦Ҷï׷Ҹ֮£ֻӰïܵҶ䴩󣬾֮ơ
ңǰأŤͷ޷ݲָ⼴Х½ȴһ̧޷ǼƣȴڸǰԶͣ£˫ֻХ£
޷ΣҡͷЦ˰ˣҵ׷㡣ˡ԰գȭ˸
˵㲻ңǰôҲ𣿡ңҹǻҺû֣һ뿪ߣᱻڲ𣿡
Ҽʱô˵޷ǻһ룬ЦʶѺ˻ȥɿ˼Ƕұ⣬ˡҹҲѣͷ˵˲ٺ˴ԭСκͿ˵ţ˸üۼ価Ц⡣
ң⻰̬һۣ緢ҲڿᣬΪζңֱҪԭ
޷⻰Цҵĺý㣬¡ҹĸ֣ϻ㣬ҪɫҵȻΪͬԼȻȥˣң
ǾңʵңΪңĶ
ˣ֪ˣ޷չһЦ
ңվɰһۣҪǸˣһ
ǵ޷ǳ߽΢Ц˵ѶˣҲȰ׷
𣿡ңһתһףҵХߴպùϣ漴ԼҲȡǰ˻ΣЦҲġ˵ţֻҲ˳ȥڹХµ֦Ѿ䡣
޷Ǽ㣬ҡͷһЦ漴ߵǰ˫ַͷ˫Ŀⲻ𣿡
㵱ǳϷأң䰵ϲȴδ¶һѣһ䡮㡯һ¡Ҫⳤ𱰣Ͳǰڳһӣˡ
ǣòãԭ𣿡޷Цʡ
ң˿ȴ˵
޷ЦЦ˵ҳϣһֱҶЩΪǣܾֻһ뵽ȴǡ㿴һ˼ƱϹ˲աҵ׻ǲ㡣
𣿡ң̧Žɵ
Ȼ޷չ˫ۣ㿴ʲôҲûУվǰҪʲôķӣˡ
ң⻰ɶס˫Ŀ˰Σ̾Ҳڡ
԰գ̷Хֻͬһȡݵǰȴ޷ס֣¶ģˣЩģһܴܲӦһ£
˵
кδ㲻ˣָֻǣҶģܱܲһԾߣ޷ĿϿҡ
ͲʲôҪ󣿡ңʵ
˵ҲǵƲǡ޷ǵ֪ԼƢʱ᲻ġܲЩߣҶԣĪ֮ҡ
⻰ң̾˿ҡͷ˵ʵҶ¡λ֮ҵԹҲ١ֻ̹̹ô˵Ȼ
޷ǵ˵ͷḧգԲ𡣡
ˡ¾ȥˡңҵХУΪʲôҪܵҪûǮƣûб֣ܻ˼죿˵ţ㼴ת˿ȥ
޷ǿıӰԾ¶Ц⣬׷ϡ
С򣬷ɳأգˮҲսϡ٣һոһո뿪СسǺϷȥǴݡ
¥µʳƶžƲߵǰ£кȥңһϵľƺ¶֮ɫ޷ʵǰƣôպȻתԣ
ҵˣȴһֱڸ·ûúԽԽʱʱ͡޷ƺһյ˵ԣֻ취ѹһѹ
ԣӦô潧ˣȴ˳ңԾ̾˿
޷ЦֻЩˡ˵֣ڻ£ͷռգ
ң˿ЩۣȴЦ˳룬˫ִ棬ս֣ʵЩʦʦ˵һֱԼƣô£
ϲ˵ᣬ鷳޷Цɡ
һҲ֪ˣңʵ
˵ǣԼҲ֪޷ǵϻذѹ˕FԼҲ˲٣˵ǧ١Ӧ
ңգЦԣһֻյѾǰ˾ѵãͬΣ
뿪ɽƣ޷Ŀ죬Ҳ˵ˣƿɽϵĵӣơҲȷǺ뿴ƺģ
޷ԣҡҡͷЦðҲҲӣ롣԰գٱཻһ
һһ·ͬѣء־ͬϣ֮ͨأԶ׷ɱˣѵ͵Уһ㱭̸ƽﲻ˵ĻҲ߷֮£˵˳
ںӱߵһμ㣬Ҳûֻ࣬ǾãģǺÿ࿴ۣҲټ㱻ᣬҲûʲôˡңҡʢƵĴյ׷΢ɫ˼Ц
˭Ҳ벻ҵԵֲֹڴˡ޷Ǽһ绨Ц̣ǿɰ̲סգȴĿ
ҶңʳָǰţһʼĲݾͶҶֶţ͡ڹգǹ֡


190 . Ц
ڹǻزΪ˾𣿡޷Цʡ
˭˵ˮˣϰԺ, ҵң̬
޷ԣҡͷһЦȻ㶼, ô
ȻҶԿң, §§, ǵģҲֻ˵, գգۣ
Ҫô˵Ļ, ǻ, һûԣÿĶˡ޷Ц
㻹˵, ѶҪҵ۾ң˵, ֱ첲, ʳָָͷһơ
ô죿޷ǳչ, ˫Ŀ, ˵ҲҪ
ɷģңӯӯЦ, Ҳκ˵ġ˵, ʳָڴ, ᡰꡱһ
˵, һתģ, ǽ
˵, ˭ɫ, 治˵޷ü
ңǳյƣЦ¶һ˿⡣ʱſڴһ죬ڵʳ;ƿͣ׷ŤͷֻƼһڵؤǰ
ؤһң°ٽᣬͷᣬ죬ͬһ㣬ĺӣϸ֮£ϲƣͲܴȳһȣһһͣߵԣΡΡ룬ʩᡣÿ˵Զһ飬ЩһذߣЩӶһȦǲʳͻжϼöͭ壬еĵȷƣҲһЩֻǰЩԶ
ߵʱװ˲ͭǮҡ졣޷ǼʵڿͳöֻͭУͷЦЦ
ؤٺЦųҾת֮ʣĿȴȻңϣǵ۵ףȻĹ⣬з
ôˣңɻѡ
޷Ҳ泯ȥңʵʶ𣿡
ʶңҡͷȴؤת뿪
ңòڴҲʱͶ۵Ŀ⣬ˣ˲δؤľٶϣЦ̡
Ʊ󣬶˱뿪ã¥ȣͷǰңż޷ǻҪǰ㼴ſһְǰͣ½ŲӯӯЦʱĿ䷿ҿǰô̫ãԾƮƮȻδˣָʹǵ㳢òζ
޷⻰ҡͷЦ꣬ͷЦúϢ˵ţתȴңŲӣͷڽϣ̽봽䣬˱Ůպŵ㣬ŷ㣬ֱԣһѱӵ뻳С
һǹգᣬɿ֣ͷ꣬컣ǳҪ˯š
ң΢ȻһЦɿ§ϵĸ첲˺žһ˷š޷ǿŷŽգһʱδȫһлعã֪еһ顣
ǴӼʱͻȻʦܻͨӭõǡôƫƫͳףģﻹЩڴ뵽˴أԷЦҡҡͷתصڷУš
ҹʵת˶ãѣԼĪһ࣬䲻ҹƾͷȴȣǽڵĴƿһ룬˯ȥ󣬰΢ľ⣬ܿߡ
ҹ裬һֻմ֣ذϴ̨ŷһӰӴڹ˽ڵϣײ˴һ̨֧ȻǰǸؤ⻧ҵľô񣬺ʹڷôĶңҲȫδɳ˯šؤһȳһߵǰ¹⣬ͷϸң˯ģ૵⡭ʥŮˡۣʥŮຣ
ȥͷϷ˫ƺʮ߶࣬תߣ˫֣⿪ңҸϵ˫ַŴأȥ
ңУᵽһ̱ǵϢüĲһ˫ۣһɲˣֻƼһźڲ죬ԽԽɴ˫ۣһĳ
ؤǰƣһˤ˵ϡңǰһͷǰϵѱ⿪ŭϣؤϺȵôģ
ʥŮˣؤڵϣһŲ˹ĿϣȾңȾҰɡ˵ţҪסĸ첲
ңһѽ˦ҪȴȻס类׵һ㣬ʵղ˵ʲôΪ˻ң
ʥŮˣҲҪ𣿡ؤ򵹣ૣǸңΨгԺʥŮ˽ϣʥຣ˵ţվһгң˹ȥ
ңһŽߵڵأŷȹϵɳڣ֮䣬æץ죬ǰо彻ӣؤʹ൹أҧԶ㣡
ڵ޷ǣ˯֮УԺǽһഫϵĶۡǡڴʱңղ˵Щ˭ģҾ㣬Ҫҡ
޷⻰´ǰһƷţȴæںңʲôˣ
ңű죬ڵ壬һִֻæϵ´ȴôҲϵϣۼβؤʻٶǰֻһš
ؤأ޷һʱ˲̧࣬߿ţڣؤң㼴ǰһšĸ첲ڵϡ
ң޷Ǹϵ˿ϵ´´̣һؤǰ
ô£޷ǵʵ
ЩŹ֡񡭡Щңͷؤʵ㣬һ
Ҳ֪ؤҡͷ
ʮţ޷üһ
¡ʮšʮšꡭݡؤ˵ţͻȻҵȻһ첲޷ǯУڵϣζҲͽ͡
˭֪ؤ˷磬øһֻֻץң¿ȣңæ˺ȴµؤʱײ̨һȥ޷Ǽ״ʱɿǯؤ֣ǰýȣȴؤȥ
ȳһȣ·ȴɿ죬һ̱˷ţ˸ʧҹɫ
ǵӳˣȥ׷ң޷ǱҪ׷ȥȴ˻
־壬ץҲûʲôã޷ḧ󱳣Ϣƽȣ˿ģһ֣ӦҲһյ£Сʱ֪ˡ
ңڴأ漴ԣ뻳Уʵҿ֫ƣ书ôų
ͼı졣ңѵʱ򣬻ſϡ
ʲô޷üһ
ûУҲ˵ˣ书һܱǿȲɣңһۣ
Ǿͺá޷ḧ䣬ǰǣ˵
ǸˡڿʥŮˣ˵ǲǰϳˣңʵ
ˡ޷ǵҲСпǵӳˡ
ǲ˵֪£ңǰһֱӣ֣ǰǲǾ֤޹ģ
һ־ˣ׼ȷ˵£Ҳδػš޷˫Ŀ˵
˵ҲûʲôˡңȻ̾ˣЩҲá˵ţȻеͷһѣΣַסͷ
޷Ǽ״ѨλԵЩˣȺú˯һȥҡ԰գ䣬ɿվҪط
ңȻڣס
޷һ㶣ͷȴһȻʵôˣ
˵⻰ԣȴ̾ͻȻôһ˭˯Űܾһֻۣ
޷Ի⣬󱳣Ҳˣ㡣
ңһۣȴ˵
㲻ãЩΪһɵˣǵ֮䣬ԽԽ𣿡޷ҡͷ̾ʵЩ£Ҳûк⣬ֻЩһֱ룬׸ô˵ֺܷѻ˵סÿģֻǵǸ򵥵ĵǸͻ
˶٣ּ˵ݵһμ㣬˵ɽɵӣһЩšҪ֪Ѧ⽭֮УһҲѵһģɽɵˡңȴ㡣
˵ţ΢΢ף§ң˫磬ӣܵǺˣģҲֻƽѧܻȫֱҲŷ֣ƺΪҹ̫࣬Żô⡣һĶʣʮ١ҸӦЩνָ㲻ʡʵҴΣ޹غôҡҪңҲ⣬ҪͬҽϾҲ⡣ΪЩܵ˺Ѵ̣Ҳù
ңü΢΢һж֮ɫ
ֻ֪㣬Ҵ޷ɣҲһᣬˮܹܹ֮ͬҵԺʵ벻ʲôܹ֤Ҷ⡭
δ䣬ңȻӵӷ΢΢Ĳ޷Ǻۣ˫ֻӵӡ
Ҳǲףֻǡ
޷ЦЦ࣬˵ңҲֻǸˣ侲ҲƲԼԴװѹЩ˻ֱۣһʰһйͳ˺ܿµ𣿡
ң˵ͷУĿԡ
ǣµΪֹ㳹׹ȥˣ𣿡޷ǵ
ңԾɿǰһԲ˵ͷ


191 . ֪
峿ĵһ΢͸϶, ͷ
޷ǻۣԼ˯ңǲԾȻЦҹ˽˲پ, ҹӵ𼸾, ܿ˯˹ȥ
¾ɢ, ޱ߾е㣬Ϥܽ㡣Ϣ, 鲻Խһǣ˫ۻ, ӵ뻳, þòԸ
ң, , תһ, ˵ýȥǸ˵𣿸ˡ
޷ǵͷһЦӵϴһ, ߳ͷһ¥ʳ, Щʱƶ㳯ѯ
С磬Ҽջƻиؤ, ңʵ, , ᳵ·, Ǿɣ
˵ѽһ, Ӷ֮ɫԱ, ǿɱûѿ͹, ˰ԶЩ
ŶΪΣ޷ʵ
ǾǸ飬ʲôûɹ˵˵ǰƯкЩ˽Ӽùиſڼ˭ֽ֪Ųɾ͵ԼҶȥ͵ҵģһǣ̵ЩͰ˳ҲǵĶ鷳˴ȳȣſʼҪ
С磬ղ˵ġǰꡯʲôʱ򣿡ңʡ
ҿɵ롭ץץԴ껹ꡭǲˡ
ǾǰǰʱҲԲϰңҡͷǣ֪֮ǰ£
֪ưڰ֣ŴŮǰʲôİŶˣʱ˵ǡⲻ֮ˣֻ͵ƢԣⱲӶĲˡ
ԭˡ޷ǵͷ֪Ǹؤʲô֣
ǽСū˵
ֺ֡ңȥ˼飬˼ȻĪǡ¶
¶丵Σϡէޡ޷ǵͷ򣬡֣˶Զ˼ҡ
ʲô˼ң⸱ԣͲʲôö˵⻰㼴ת߿кȥˡ
һۣǲ
ΣңƳĬˣǵ걻ɽߵк֮һ޷֤ףҵҲ֪йص¡Ҳô
޷ǵͷڴ꣬Ҳûô뿪ȥҡ˵ţӣ˼ͷŽңֽϵСǰƣҲҪȳԵ㶫·
ù緹˿ͷ뿪ؽѯʴѭ·ָһ·Ѱȥһլ⣬Ȼǰæӿ첽ƹսǴһƼ˼ҼʹӣһŹӣؤΧм䣬ס
ҪģһؤؿںݺһţҲʲôطҲģ
ϻؾ͸߹ԶЩ͵˶Ҫʲôɵ𣿡
֣ؤִԽԽ˲·ͣ¹ۿԶԶվһСۡң״ǰȻһ뵽£ȴ˻ԾһԵ޷ǡ
޷֣漴ɿָǰǼ˵ļҶ˵λôȥɾûˡ
˭ѽһСӼҶͷƳһۣʲô£
͵ǼҶ˵òô򣿡һҶ
͵˶ѵŤ͹ٸ𣿡޷ǵ⶯˽̣ƺװɣ
֪ˣǼҶصģ˰ɣһ꣬û͵͵СģٸɲܡǼֲɵӣණһҲͷˣȥŸʲô
ǼȻֺαشأ޷ЦղŻ˵Ǳ͵˶Ż˵δ죬ôҲˣҲˣѵҪ𣿡
˵ļҶ⻰һʱȴؤƨײײ˼ַɿԶȥ޷Ǽ״ݲԽȺ׷ؤСڣһ½󣬱ǽϣŭȵҿЩ͵ԣǲɻ֪ȳΪЩģ
޷ǣң׷һĻ˿ؤǵ˫ۣһɣ̽Ż֣¶
ؤԼһ˿⣬תͷƵĿ૵ʥŮˡȾҡ
ȻһʥŮˡ͸˵Ļң׳ŵǰ
¶ͷãȻ޷ǡ޷Ƕϸ˼Ƭ̣ɿ½֡¶عڵأңͷ
һ⣬ͻȻ㰲֣ҲܣŶ˴ȥһҿᣬϴһۣɾѣԺʯǰ
¶ͷŵϵϣȻٺЦ˳һۣԽ׼˵軹Ǽٷ裬ֵãֻƼ¶͵̧ͷֱŶˣ͸ž⣬ƸմƵġ
㡭˵ԼǴ𣿡ң̽ʵ
¶ɿҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ
޷üͷ齥ء
ҴǸطСɽ¶ģӰ費񲣬תΪƽͣҡҡͷԣǴӱ𴦱˴ȥǶġ
Ļÿһֶ˵ʮֻԵĶҲԾס˺
ʱҵһʥŮ㣬ЩźöˡööˣǶһʥתеģԵ壬еġǱһСĺӡ
¶£һŻһĻĻֽ䣬ͻȻԼչǰ
һ޴ʯŴССʮˣΪӣеѹ֮꣬еĲܽǣеģֻǸոܹվǿ·˵ͯһۿնȫɣ·ʬһ㡣
һǰͷƿʯҴţ֪񳾣ޱ飬һԲʯڵһ˵ȣã俪ڣЩˣ
˲𣿡¶Ц
֪ԣȥ
Ǵ˲ѡǿɾˡ
֪յֽ߬ٿ˰ȦЩأȴֱ߬סûлͷ֣һָ
ˣָǸӡ˳ָǸվȺУ¶һȻ֮ɫк¶
Ǿˡ֪࣬Ȼֻ鷳ˡ
ʥŮ飬Ϊʥ֮ҹҪ˵ǰɣν֤¶Ļң˼ʵ˴۵ȻһƬ졣


192 . ²
޷, 仰ȻǱ˵ѨƵģԭء
, ʥŮ׼, о, һޡ컯֮£ڼ̤һŮӵ, ʵ˶񺮡
ңĴ΢΢˶ʲôҲû˵
ͻȻֻ, ˼, бѱһƬհף֮, Լ, Ӳתͷȥ, ¶о֮ɫ
ʥת, Сɽ, ͨ£ֳ棬ܲ񲡭¶˵⻰۽մ, һ, Ѫ, ʥŮ˵Ŀ޺, ҵڶǵá
ңһ, Ҫܿ, ɲ߳, ˫ȷ̱ȥ޷ǸæǰͷƳݺᣬֻ³鴤ʹ
ʹܹܣҲ޷⣬ֻܶȥӵסڻ߾ܸů
¶ȴ˻جج˵Ժֱ˻ȥŸǣҪܿ࣬ʥתͬ˲һֻҪԺʥŮ˽ϣ
ҹ͡޷ԣŭ֮ɺ仰ȴôҲ˵ڡ
ңҲܲס͵Żȴˮûһʳ
ԭʹ£ֹģอҲ񱻵һ㣬һڸзˡ
ԡԡ¶ȻӲվ𣬵ǰҷ죬ҿһŮˣʥŮˣ˵˺ö໰
˵ʲôʲôˣңʡ
ӿʹĥȻ鸡
¶ľȻ˵˵ͬ˵Ҫ£زﻹ·ɻͷ¹Ҳû֤ݣΪЩ֮ˣһסڴˣֵõʲôһȱ壬һӲд𣿡
˵ţֺȻʯϣ˵ʥŮûзŮЦˣôˣôЦһڶΡ
˵⺢ӳأػһĪɵҪ˽һֻҪˣˣʲôԡԸһңκοʹ
ңЩɢõζˮһĹ㣬˼Ȼػ꣬ڸܵǹǿҵĴʹУʹ޳
ûһֻܿ޷ǻУᡣ
޷Ǿӵ֪Ҳۿ
ȴʱٿһ˻޷ǴŤͷֻһ֧ƿնֻһգ۵ĹѴ̴¶ţ档βѪȾ͸һƬɺ졣
Ϊңͬ¶֮Щ룬Ӧֻ¶Ȼأ
ң޺̧ۣ֮ǶϷݶվһŮˣ䣬ЦұͤȻ˿̵֮⣬ֻܵŲѪ˿˫ۣԶȥʧڷС
ŭŽַ޷ǼͷԴΪ֧㣬ͼվӣȴ̱ȥԾִţһδʧܣһδγԣڻѣһգεС
޷һԲң첽߳СԺصͷڴϡ
һ룬ۻԺ¶ʬڻطʱȴңɫ죬æ̽̽ǰ¶ȣָֻһƬ̡
޷Ǵʧɫ֪ȣ˵Ļҽʦץҩҩңԣ촽գһҩҲʲȥ޷˼ǰֻǲ߻ƣԿͣҩι
Ժ䣬ңԼо괫С˿̵룬һƬڰУס׹˺ܾúܾã棬ɱأȴʮһҲۡ
վ޴ˮ죬¡¡ģĺڰѸȥֿ˵ǸòΪƵŮӣͷɢվɽ¡
ңܸߺǸӰȥȴɺѪŮ˽ӿɽͷȾһƬѪ졣
Ů˳ֺ֣ط£Ȼת߿
ֵôֵ࣬𣿡ң޺
Ůûлͷֻͣ½ŲԶ졣
ǻ㣬㣬Ϊħͷ˺޲ʳѪ⡣ȹˣ壻ε˹㣬أ׺ѣΪ˵룬һ龫ǣἺʣȴһ֪ĸֵã
ңĿ޺Уÿһ仰ξ˿ſɼλĸ׵ıӰʧһƬѪɽˮС޷ǣͬ޳ˣȴο˰㡣
޷ᴥͷԾһƬ̡İ֮ģҲԾͨʣδлʩչֻԽеֻݵ˽ģСˡƫƫݲ˵һǻϡ棬Ц
ʱĻˮ˳ȥϷš
ϰ֮ˣеˣԴ֢ЩӦ֮
ңʼողˣΪΨһˣ޷Ҳܸţֻܽ⿪¡һֱչ²Ӱ쵽ҹִҹصʼնδֱۣ磬ڼ尾Ŵͷ˯ȥ
бһңҲԾɵңĲδ˯ȻѣȻһۣȴңޱ鶢ǽߵĴڷ
ˣ޷Ǹæͷ¶Ȼָ糣˿
ңһԲĬĬѣŴأµߵԣŸǵ񳾱ĬãȻڣ벻شǰӣ
翣ƮƮģʵ
ôͻȻ޷üһ
֤ҵסҴδڹ㻹벻شǰԼңɫ㯣·ںܳ˼ź¡
˵ʲô޷ȥ
ңһԲȻ񳾣ָġ
޷ֻͣ½Ųоɻ
ǰһֱҳ㹻֤ݣ֤סңȻȴ֣Щ¶塣
޷һԲֻǰ˵
ľһһУֻΪħЩչŮŮЩռôԳӢʿ֮ˣôԴģ
ң˵ţǲԾ鴤ѱҵ룬շתģѵֻΪһ֤ݣ˸߲ҵͬЩòȻ֮Ϊ飬ӭôһ𣿡ңԣѪ޷𵴣пѡ
ԣҴǰҲǺһ𣿡޷ʵ
ңҡҡͷҴûôֻˣΪЩν֮ʿ޹ʹĺûͽͱǲ䣡Щ˱ĸף֮һҵĳˣ
ҧ´ʹѣĬãֻҪܹŮ֮·ǣҲҪĵס
˵⻰Ĵ귢΢΢Ȼࣺ㲻һ㱳ֹ̫࣬ΪԼģǡ罣ţҲǾһţΨһѪʵŮ֮ߣҲᱳһˣЩֵ𣬸߸·
޷ƽĻ۵ȫ޲
̾˿ֱ˫Ŀһһʵԣֹɱ㣬ȴԼ·
ңһʲôҲû˵
ã޷һͷҪŮҪɡΪУǰһ·
˵ţָָԼĿڣ⣬̩Ȼ˵ĳо罣֮СڽһӢ֪ҪħھͿɱң㲻Ѵ̳֮ΪֹС˭֣Ҫսľȴֺ޲ɱ֮졣
ңԣüٿ
Ҷ²֣ôŮ޷Ǵ΢ָе棬ǰĿڴȫ޾ɫһ
ңΣʶ˿ֱǽߡ
ŮѾĶаħҪģǶɱңոպá޷ǵҲֻѳɴ¡
һ̣񳾵ؿ֮಻壬ֻǰһС
ң⣬̧ȻҪǰºȻеһҵӿδվȽŲ㱻һӵ뻳С
ȴ˿Ϸ֣ԽӵԽ
ңſڣŻģرĶҲԽԽ
޷ḧ󱳣յߣ˵֪вƽҲ֪Щʼ壬ϲֻ·ѡЩ𣬱ԶϡǿѰ࣬Ϊʸκˣǲ֮ģһ
˵⻰ǰӡһǣ˵ȲѦıԿЩ˻ޣαǵԸƯһοϣҲֻЩթ⡣ڸݣнԸҳͷϻػɽγǲҲһ壬Ըϸ£һ𣿡
ңĿŴһԲ
ʹҽҷ㣬ЩȱܹĿ࣬ƱػݣΪҡǱǵѪᣬʹ˷ǲĹ
޷ԾӵԽ˵ţԽᣬֱų׷˫Ŀ۽֮һᣬڽǰת˲š


193 . ȴˮ
潧, ɻ䣬ɣȴƫƫ΢Ӱ
뿪ɽǰ, , Щ, Ĵߣֹ֮һ, Ҳǣɵɽһʯڷ϶Ѱʯǰ, ߰һ, Ȼдš˕F֡
ԣǹ˕Fҵ˴, ˴, ˵, Ϊ˶šңݸ޷ǣҡҡͷ
޷һ̯, ͷ
, ҲָٸҸˡңʲô𣿡
ȥһˡ޷ǵǰǰκˣһƤ, Щҩࡣ
κ֣ңʱ⡣
޷ǵͷ, , , ҪЪһʱ, һ
ңҡͷ, ЦΪΰ, Ҳҵ𣿡
޷չաһ̣ͷ棬ȥؼһУͰ
뿪潧СĽֵϣ޷ң󣬿˳дУʱʱԷפۿģŻ뿪ɽҲ֮ãȤⶼζʷʱ߹һǺ«Сæ˽סɽ髳ʱڣһǺ«͸°£ԵʺΡ
һǺ«ȺߵңԣݸңЦŽӹǺ«ֱǰȥһߣһҧһɽ髣ȴȻͣ½ŲͷﻹǿûȫҧƵɽ髣΢΢üͷ
ҳ޷˵ţҪǺ«֣ȴȴǺ«죬ŵǿɽС
޷⧲ͻ׽ٶеЩȴʶſ죬ӹǿɽ髣о׽һڿչʲŷӦϷҡҡͷͶȥζĿ⡣
ңӯӯһЦ¶ɫ֣ǰȥ
޷ɽ髣ңζشǴǺ«ʵʲô
ûʲôֻ룬ǰ˵һЩң
ͻȻãһ࣬úÿ졣֮ʱҵݡĿĶǣȴҰ˳ʱ˭Ҳ뵽ʵһҿѪܣȻߵգȴֲòԡ崣Զš
ܹصǰѡֻô޷Ǻʵ
ңͷһ룬ǻʹǰһҾӣȡģοûɽҲ㰡˵ţعͷӯӯһЦ˵Ϊĺϲ㣬ٴΣ
⣬Լ˵Ҳֱֱ䣬ȫ޹˼ɣеɬ޷Ǽѵ¶Ů̬лϲͷյߣ˵Ҳϲ㡣
ңЦţǣ֣һ·ǰУȵǺ«ֻʣһţȻ˽ֿڣȴȻ˳Ϸ
˼ҲֻǱŮƻ󣬲Щ£ôô˵أ˹ǻϸ˵̨ʣպñ
ңüһЦ»Щ˾ôġ
Ǿȥ޷ǵЦҿϷͬҲûʲôϵ
ȷûʲôϵǻֵˡңû
㻹֪ˣ޷ǵЦ
ң⻰ɶ˸ۡ
ǰ˵ʲô˵ʲô޷ǣЦģЦԶԶҥߡЩֻǵԼЦǵЦʲô
Ǽǵأңʡ
ҥԴףұ޶ֻҪ˱ҥȻܲơ޷ʼ̩ȻƫȥɣҲЩ֮ˣԶڴõֻҪԼ̹οңҶ⡣
ңԣȴԾ̾һ
޷Ǽ״ӵ־ǰ˸ָɤӵҪӣǶ֣Ůضǰͷһҡ
˴ңҲסЦһѡ
˺¶һתշɺף쳹ˬ⡣
ң¶棬ڰ¥أѰ˼Ҳ跻Ъ£Ⱥ޷ǵϢɹһּתط²Ǯֱߡ
ȴҲδѯʣֱǣתһ˵С֣ͣ½Ųʵʲôˣ
ſڵȫǽ¥ˡ޷ǵֻԶԶһۣպÿվԺͬǽ£ϧ̫Զ
£ǰзֵӦԼôͻȻ֮ʧˣңѡ
㲻Ƕ˵ҹ鷳𣿡޷ǵѱˡ
ʹ޵ңͬǣͬʲôϵңԽ⡣
ô£ȥҸط㰲ҹٻذ¥޷˵ţ㼴֣Сȥ
ƻɫȵȫһƬŵĺڰ޷ǻ˼ɫѣ¥Χǽ⣬Χǽ
뽭ͬŶ꣬ƣͯɥعҲֶͬӣƵլۡĵΣ֣ҲʮϤṦȺڰҹǽܣֱع⣬ҲԺ
ȻŲһƬߣͷ²鿴ֻнعһڣȵ֮ʣݺǰƴڣһأع˭
֮ʣعպߵǰҲؽסãȻ¶οֻЩЦ⣬áð̫ˡ
ãʲô޷һʱûΪλ㷴Ӧֻͷԡ
ƽ£ҲɽýѵǺ𣿡عЦǺǵ
ȱ޷ǵô£ҿ񶼻˽ˡУأôƶǺڵģ
⡭˵ˣع˵ϻڸѣºɾڿ͵꣬ѾԻ˿һ¡ߣ㵱뵥Ǽִһ֧𻷼Ժұ˵䣬⺢ӡˡұţ˾ͻԼ˭֪ǻ˶ҵ壬ǲ£һЭͬ˺üֵֶܣٺԻڣڲתͶȥˡ
޷˵ЩĿɿڴðŻعʵǡΪҪѾʧ𣿽ʲôİѱ
ô֪֪ˣϻص¾ͲáϺͿˣΪǷʤع˵˴ʹģԽһȭǽ棬ҡͷ̾Ϣ
ǣ¥ڣΣ޷˼ʵɻŷ
ڴˣ󶯸ɸ꣬ΪıǲЩԾҵķֶʧȥƿأ취ԸЩˡع̾跨˼Σ֪ǡ
дҰȥ޷ǵͷҲЩʣһʱҲֻ跨ҵˡ
һˣعɫأЩΣա
ʱΪƿؾ档޷ǵЩչмӣЩ±Ӧġ
⡭Ҳֻˡع̾˿תǰīȡˮĥīȴ⴫ĽŲ


194 . ǹһʱ
, ˣعüһ޷ǵ, ߡ
޷һԲ, ݲԾ, ٵͷһŽ, վڽعǰǰֽ̯, ɻ֮״, ʵ磬ڸʲôд𣿡
㽫ڴ, ϰ־ģعƵīī, 
ԭϰ, ˫ָ, յֽ, 粻Ҳɣ
عԣֻʣֽд¼, ߱, ѡվһ, һ濴д, һ潫ֽϵ˳߲е, Фߵ޵, ⻰, ˭˵أ
˭öǶ˭˵ع±ʣ
֣ԽǰˡʣͬһֽĽдһС֡ڼڲʤд󣬽±ʣԽع˵£Сܽ磬ϲ档
𣿡عǺϲ£
䣬ҵˣȥӦ˵ǵ֮꣬ŵλʲô롣
عգԾδзֺ仯ǾͷܣհѾͷӻ
˵ģָסҡָЦʮֵ⣬СԵǸŮžۡ˵ţ㼴ţЦﳤȥ
⿴صĲǰţ˻ԺСعڣŽЦʧ˫Ŀ¶ʹɫ
޷ԶԾ£ߵ󣬵żҹ·߲˶Զ˿ͬ˵ǻղŻ̡ʱұȥʦһ
ҪţҪѰΰõعʵ
ѣҵʦ㣬ͷһټֶ棬¡޷ǵ
Ҳáع˼ã˵ͷ˱ʣд˼ܺд֮һһý޷ǣм£Ϸ֮ԻˣȫѶֻܺ»к󻼡
ס޷ǵͷתѭ·أһ·ݣصңŵĳңǰʯϣһţӭǰʵôˣ
ѱ䣬Ͻѽ޷ǵǰΪҵ£ңҵ䣬һͽǰȥӭӣҪһ򾡡
˵ţźңұｭܺȥв֪ļֶ棬Ҫʦֻ֣ȥǸӦ֮ˣͷֶ档
ɵǸʱб仯أңһ˼ҡͷҲϵû룬޷׷٣ҿȥŰ
ȥ޷Ƿɿҡͷһǵʱ㣬ҲͬЩһ㣬ΪŮǡ
ϵǽ¥ıʼҲֻ͵ͺáң㻹ǰѸֶλøңͷ¸Ϊ׵ο˵ͬһطΣգ𣿡
޷գĬãȴ
㲻ǲͬ˵ʮǣ𣿡ңƲƲ죬̬ȥԭֻǺҵġ
ûУ޷Ǽãæ§ҲǸ˼ֻǡðɣǾͰ˵İ졣
ңݸһЦｫЩź˹һɨһŷϵ֣뻳С
˵ˣ˴⣬κ˶ԸĻᣬ޷ɫº󣬾̻
֪ңڿһЦһؿڣƣʦ¡˵ţ㼴ת߻С
ң֪λֻ޷ϼ򵥻ͼ򣬱ܿ콫ֶλأͷ̡޷ٻǣһ·ֱݡ
紵ʳǰ죬졣
ڲ跻ڣ̽ͷʵı̿գüšһš뿪ڽ궺Щʱպ󣬱£һ·УҲ֪ģߵԽԶȴԽĻţ˼ȥ˻˻Ժֻ겻ֲԶֲԸؼңиĥ¿ƵģɢɢĿװһ顣
㣬ҿ鶼ܲһյǰǲǡҪӣ
⻰̶סôҲˣ
ҡֻ²£ҡͬµĺӣæϵĲ㣬ݸ
ҲǸ˼ӣսС˵ҾţҲûʲôôȥǸɣ˼ڼҴšǸɡʲ˵ҵһ˰ɣûңûŮһ˴ڼһǳʲô۶ӣûʵǡ
ʵҾý¥ʺδػ¡ҪȥҲǻϲġ
ⲻһڰֵԭԭ·ʽ⣬ĻǵҾ͵ģһȥֳѰúܰ
˵˵ţͻȻйԴ˴ͻȻƳⲻԶиӳϸһƣ㼴쳤첲֣˺룡
Ťͷһǽ¶ϲɫ߽ʳǰ
ôˣ֣
ߵǰɫصݣġ
ʲôˣЦݽϡ
˽ټֶ߷¥صǰȥִ֡˵
û˵˵ɣվʱõЩ֪
ߣ͵ҵᣬ롣оͰϻѱ𡣡
ôİģ
طֶ棬Ĵ˵ڳһģٲ棬һʰˡ
ҵһʬΡҧгݵ
ǲ빪֡
ңȥˣôܳģ˵
¼Ͷš
㣬ȻָʳţϻĻ㿴˭
˳ָȥ߽ŵĻ꣬ס
ǰˣ޷ǣ˭
ϲǰȥĸ첲ǰ󿴣ҴһΪأû뵽˵ҿ
Ŷأ޷˦֣һ۵еҺõ𣿡
ⲻΪ˵һ룬Ȼعζͷ˼ϾûǵĻѽžǺ¡˵ţ㼴߻ԡ
޷Ƴһۻ룬Ŀ죬ȴ˵ֻǳЦЦ
˵Ҽ˵£˵Ҳˣҵûȥһˣȵȡôһˣ
һˡʲô𣿡޷ǶԻнģȻὫң档
ˣ˵ԭλ֣£ϸͬ˵˵ҵģЩˣ
ڣȴ޷Ǵϣ˵г£ô£
Ĳͬδ֪⣬֪ʣ̽˵
߷ֶ棬ѱ¥תͶ˵¥Ҳڷв
ŶȻΣôӳŵģ޷ʵ
ΪͶл˵
޷Եͷ˼
ԣٲۣȻѰѻ˵ϣԼҲ˵ʲôֻܼ˵ȥٷֱ˾ǹ
ҵģЩֶ棿һп֮𣿡ʵ
Ԭݾޡݱ徭ڡݰˣصͶ˵ӻݳУسǱޭݣǡ
ôԶĵطôޭݵζЩȥʩԮ֣޷ٴδĻŤͷסԼЦҾ˵˵طϡ
ҲеޭѣϢȫôȥˣͶ𣿡
ĵĻΪβȥأ룬ǶԶһʱˡ
Ǻðɡ˵ţת޷ǵϵܣҿɹܲˣлᣬһ
أͬȥɡ޷ǵҲ¿㡣
ɵŴ죬㡭ڵǡ
Ҿصˡ޷Ǵӻͳһֻ񷽺Уݸ
Ǻ
ЩϢͨ˵ұһȡ޷Ƴһ۽Ȥ˵󣬻ø˴ҩڱȳӡҼǵһֱδȬպõϡ
⡭мѣл
лҡ޷չգҩģֻǣҪҩ㻹óԵͷҲͬ˲ñҩɼʱǽϡֶϹǶѳϣϷҩҲ˵ĶϹ֮ʹ㻹һΡ
ǲǺʹһ۲֪ǹʱգ˵ɡ
޷ǵ˵ͷ漴ŤͷƳһۻ룬Ц˵Ǳ˵٣רѱֶ棬δѵķֶԵԼӽعõȷеϢֻĻϹ
ϧУҲʵû֤ܹҴ룬δ±׵ĻᣬֻüвУԷһĶ


195 . ׽ҹ
ù緹, 뿪ʳϳŶȥԺ, תϷ
;ɽҰ, , չĿһֻƼӰԴּԾ, Χס
޷Ǽ֮Цô©Ϣ, ⵱ϸı¿̫˵㡣԰, ὣ컨⡣
վű𶯡˵, ὣ, ǰһ, ǰһ·Ӣۣɷ
˲, ʱ
ڽ, Ǽ꣬޷书ѧϣѿ˫֮, ı, ֮ͬ, Ҳëǡ
ڶ, ԵЩ֧, Щ˵ʽ޷ǿԶ, ҲΪʩԮĽ, ΪľǺúÿԷ᲻ء
޴룬໤أȫ书֮Уо˿ɫɵ
һ˷һХݲٵ룬б̤࣬Ұݣž¶
һߵüΪգԻı£Ҳ˲Ҳδصס
ػΣɸߺһġԾ࣬｣Է䵶ת˲֮䣬ȶԷƣֵݳһԴ̴ǻ͸Ƕ
޷Ƴһۻ룬˼ɿתȴԣֻǽȫ֮һɨ˵ı䣬ʮڱѻˡ
һ˱ͬ󣬼ǰߵ˵תܣȻ˱ܲĵͬƶХһն£۵õڵֱ
ȴڴʱһ籼װԶ˲ԼͬͷԶԶƼһ˱ýǰһͷӺȻޭݷֶֶеĲ¡
㲻ͣ£ѷԾȺõǰ絶ѰУУһ߰㣬Ⱥﴩ˵Ҳ׷ͬǰ˶һʱɱ˸Ƭײ
ôҲʡǰֹǸˣȴһֻҡͷ̾Ϣ
ز£ǽˡ˵ҵȽӵϢ̸ӦüʱȻ
ӵϢü΢˭Ǵţ
˭ȻĻ֡޷ߵԣƤЦⲻЦȥǰͬζ˵ǰɣ֣˵⻰㼴룬һü
ȷˡ˵̫Σˣҿǻͬ»ޭݷֶ棬Բ߰ɡ
һһ㲻ף޷ǰһ˵뿪ݺߣʱľǰĲͬôζΪδصıؾ֮·ϵȣǴôϷأ
ƽţ׼Ҳ޲ףҲҪȥֶټ֣Щڲͬ·ڣһ춯ұš˵
Ȼˣһʼ͸öЩͬȥݣ󻼣鷳ΣαضЩۣ˵𣿡޷Цһ㣬ʼղ䣬۵¶ζɫ
˴һ޷ǣֿ˿㣬Լ˹ɤӣζˣ¹شҪ£ޭݷֶԶԶ룬ȥģվҪȥ
˵ͬһȥʣµļλֶ֪ͨΣ
˵Ļδػš޷䲻
üһɫƳæζɼ˸ͬȥһ·ҲӦʦܵĻ˵ſܲȷ飬ԳȽϺá
Ȼ˼һǸֶΪȨڶ⵱£ɾ鷳ˡ
Ȼˡ˼ãɫصص˵ͷ꣬ǰһһܵˮġ񡢳͵ڣĸĹ¶ֲߣҲܹġ
˵˵ˡһĳͷݵôˣ
ǣ˼ƥˣ漴ȭһͷзɿתһ˿ŹֵĹ⡣ǰͷһۣζ
þɽУֻ뽭ͬһ˲һ·󣬽Ȼͣ£Уˣҷǵȥɡ
ôˣͣ£ʵ
ҲôͷȥԮҪȥԬݣ˵
Ԭݾôǰȥ𣿡˵
׶Ծ֪֮˶Դҵȣʵʲ˵ԬݣҲشƣֻ뿴ЩʲôȰͷǻܶ༸ʤ㡣
˵ţ̵תͷֱϱ߶ȥ޷ǾԼİʾҲ໰̸ȥ
뿴ıӰü͵һŤͷˮĵˣӵͷ⣬׷ǰں󣬽ʦܶм䡣
ʲôɫ
ˡðʵڲա˵
ǲգǲǵƿأЦ
Ļ²סͿ
׵Ļ͸ÿνʣֱָ롣
ˡ빰ֵЩȥɡ
ȥ꣬ȥޭݲһ𣿡˵ǵ˼صÿҾͲˣղôˣҪȡ練ƣΪλҪܹݰҷˣ

װŭһΪҪѸף
¥ʧģƽȥΣ˵ʵ˰ɡԹͬǻ׶ѪҲҪǸŮġ
ˡ޷ǳһҲרһˡͬǷϻЩҲټ֣ȥȲ
˺󣬳ˮĵʹ˸ɫֵҲĬͬʱС
ˮõıһԶụ̈Сн֮սʹһ˫̵õذףǳֿȭʮָȴֱָͭԶСڽ֮ս
Ͻ棬ƽأעϣһƥΪޭݷֶȻֵ˸ơȻʱƥֽټͻΧĻᡣ
ˮĵ˱µȷףתŲڼ䣬ݣֲʧء
һۻгһݳɱУδʹΧػصļ񡢳ƥֿ
ȴʱһƺߣŤͷһƳ޷һڵȭͷײͭһ󣬷˸
˱ܲұ۱ȥһƬڵҲһɼǵ˺ۣѪ磬һƬ졣
һδϣƥתһ󣬺ˮ᳤硣
ʶһս󣬸Ϊ޷һϧġ˼޾罣ǺεȵźԭλƲϽɢʦܣѽһּҴѧ˼¡


196 . 䱱
С, ׾¶٩һ콣ƺ󣬻, б̶, мؿڡ, Ծûܱⱻ
ʱһǲ׼, ޷һ˶սȺʱһı£ֻŴǰӡ, 󲻹ҲǸ, ûͷۣǽʦ, ٸҲ߲δȥ
Ϊ, , ˳ϰ¥֮λ˲ʲ, ߱ɱֵֶŮĶ, ⻹ҪܷԷ
ˣ˼ȥѾΪȣ˶, ֻȷ˴ͬͶطֶ, һʧ, Ͼ̶İ, ӱ, ձִܵ
, ѳɹļƻ, Ϊ޷ǵĵü֣γٶۣԼ³⣬ԴжöԼ࣬ϸĸġ
ʦܶ˾ѧ˾ù£Ե뷨ֻǹʱƼۣҳ϶룬תΪʤ
ԽţԽϳԷɱһ۶ȥ
뵱֣׳ָ롣ӲѣһƮﲻֹڵָһ䲻⡣Ǹ뱾ͼϸֱ˽Էϸ΢
޷ԭͿڽƶ˺󷽣ԷԷк֡÷죬̻ʣڽƥƨһã˻Ⱦܣ컨룬ȴδһöƫսСָһ࣬һѪۡ
ô£Ҵһͷʵ
û£߰ɡ޷ҡͷ
һ·ۣ·⣬ȥس֮ڡϾʶ;ЩѳͽߣⱩ¶١
Ժ󣬼ҲδٵУǿС·ȲסҲЪţͣ㣬ǰС
һ·ˣδ¶ֻ̬治ѡɻ󣬱Ц䲻ǶգҲɽг󣬿ˮɹǲصҵġ
⻰˵ͷ޷һԣ֮΢գֻҡͷЦЦȴͻȻеЩͣ½ŲǽڣԿһһ
ôˣ㣬죬ûôţͲˣʲôɣ
û¡޷һַú漴󲽣ǰȥȴԽеƣ
ɫѣ뵽ڴǰˣϻ̫أδȬǰܳһ·Ĵ鿴һתԶ˵ǰмݣȥЪһ߰ɡ
޷Ǳţٶ֧һҲҪܾȴȻӿһ֮Уֻõ˵ͷ
˵ʱʱ룬ǿ£ЪɫѼ衣޷ǵɫǵûкתļ󣬷Խ԰ס
˵òᰡߵǰסȣסҪҪҩ
ͬûϵ޷ҡҡͷ綼ˣֻе纮¡
ģԾ䣬ԶٵĽŲϸһ˵Ҳʮˡ
ãȥűߣ̽ͷ˺һֿż˼ػת˵׷ˡ
Ǿ߰ɡ޷˵ţ
ߵ˶ԶҡͷˣȥǣǼ¡˵ţ㼴ս彣ӿݲű˳ȥ
㡭˫ֹۣ
޷Ǵ˴ȣŤͷһۣȥǵţü΢΢
ߵűߣȴͣͷƳһۣҪ˵ȴֽ죬ŽŲԶ˿
õģѲڣı£Ҳ㹻޷ǵ㣬޶˱£㲻𣿡
ж£ҡͷЦһɽô꣬Щ꣬ο£Ҳֲ¶
޷ԣͷ΢Ц˵ȴʱ쳣ɿʣɵӣǽתȥԺˮδɺԣھϵľͰЩˮ˫УһˮԻЩҲƺָĨһմŵˮصڡ
˴˿̣ϦѽߵϼȾһƬ糺졣޷ǴӲ˳ȥ·һƳһæ˻ڣˣȥ
Ҫʲôüһ
޷ǲԣֻǳ˻֣ʾݣ漴תţݲǰ⽫ĨӰ˻˵
׷ߺһ̴ǰ׷ȥ
ϼ졣޷һ·ݣȥǼݷȻ෴ĹٵϣŻȴ²ԽأʱһִֻԱߵ˳һסĸ첲˽ȥ
˭޷ֻ֣˺һۣȴվԼǰ
أ㶵
Ժ»סֻٰ޷ü
ǡ˵Ҳǣ˳ܡҡͷ֮ɫ۵ף˵ǲǼҵˣôңûͬһ𣿡
ֻδ˽̡޷ǵд˼ܺѽңȥǼδ߷ķֶˡ
Ҳ˵˵Ļһ棬һǼ٣ٵĲֱǰѱѵķֶδѵЩԵƭԼȥ˼
ˡ޷һַǽ棬һʺֻԽеڿʣԾȥǰԵ
ģԽеаţ㼴ʵ⵽ô£һʼúõġ
Ҳ֪޷ҡͷǿڿʡҲû
Ǽˣ˵𣿡˰ȦһȻƳСָһһѪۣץüʵôģ
ߵʱǻ뷢ö룬ֻǲˣشС֡
𣬴֪Ҫιȥô˵
˵ʲô޷ǻԿǽ˵ϣ̧ͷʵ
ô࣬ȥˮԴѶ˵ɷ˵קĸ첲֮ӲΧǽǰȥ
ѰˮԴҲΧǽһͷµĻЦӲקԵ޷Ǳǽͷ˽ȥ֮ƼһԺﾡЩʵ§Ц֪˼Ǹ¥ȴҲ˲࣬ܣ¥˼δƵĿշ˽ȥ
޷ǵ˿Ǿƣߣû㿿ǽ滬ڵء״ֱֽһߣ̨Ĵ
ʲô޷Զɻ
ˮһֻյǼţһظ鵽һԣбԹôֻоư
˭ֵطˮ޷˼飬Ӳ𣿡
ˮУҪˮ˵ҩˮͿպȡءߴѨһӺȡ롣ˮǣ˾磬˭֪Σ


197 . һһ
ǾȥԺһͰ޷, ԽǸеɡ
ջȻȥԣһֻɾĿվƺ, 㷭, һ, һˮת
޷жʱ, 죬䦵ðʪͷǽ, ͳĴϢ, ֱǰѨλת
֪, 뿪ݵʱ, ͸ýߡ޷Ϣл, ˵˵ܸ, Ҳ࡭
㵱ʱô᣿ǰϥ, һ۵
û𣿡޷һ⻰˻һۣڻҾ͸㰵ʾ, ԼҪŻߵ𣿡
ǽаʾ΢, ¶м, ˭ö
޷ǲЦ, ҡͷ˵ͬʮ, Ĭ©ô, ԼԹҲ˵, ʲôȥˣ
˭֪ŵأʵ£ưȫˣ㲻Ҳ벻Ұ㵱δ֪𣿡
ҡ޷һʱΣƵĵͷУ˵öǰñʦὣ׷Ժˡ
̭ң֮ԱǣûûֵģҲˣô
޷ǲԣԾ濿ǽдšһʶ֡
ᣬȴȻ⴫죬Ů˵ļУ˵Ŀ޺˴Ƶģϸϸ棬ƺ
ι޷ʵ㻹ߵ𣿡
߲ˣǻһ޷û
ҡ޼ƿʩֻվĴңӽڵѣֳһߵǽߣӸȻϸ룬⸱ģѣԴٸ洲ӣһˣǵòʧ
޷ǵɨһЩ߰ĶûʵͿʼʬˣ
𳳡ʱѵ̸ǰ붼ȡ˳ջػвڣýŲȻһѰ
װ˸Ͻ˵űȥ첲ȴ߬쳣أôҲϲɱԹôôأʲôˣ
ҪǱᣬóɺǣ޷ǰһ۵
𳳣ϸ飬ϵĽŲѵ˷ǰһʱƣҵͬһ࣬ʶץ˼ڵĴϣѲ֮ŵһ˲ǰԷţλ࣬װǵģָ½һѳ¶
˼䱾̻֮У֮һ֣ȴҲ֪Ůб𣬵ȻʲôǷ֮١ڻ谵ҲֻǴҴһƳδֻײ̻ŮͲ̱֮˳
Źرգ˿ڵϣȴ˵ҪٿһЩұд鷳ˡ
̧һ޷ǰۣ½ţΪƳһۣϷѣҲöѰɣ
ûĵĶӾġһǼԼĴһ泯ԱһڣϷʵ֪ˡ
޷ǲᣬץһʢˮ߾ڴߣеˮУˮŴ»û䣬ǰ͸ʪ¿պ彭˸ۡ
Сʦãͷ֪ⲻҪİȫ𣿡
޷˫֧ŵ棬ֱӣϵϵ⻰̧һѣûȥ
޷һѽƿ˫֧ڵ棬ֱӣЦ⣬ԽأվӣЦЦղûǷӦٻͷѣ߿ɾˡ԰գƣŲߣ͸϶鿴ΣЩֶǰԺ¥Ѳ飬ҵʱ߹ȽΧǽĴһ֧Ŵ˳ȥ
󡣶ΪܿĿѰس˴ȦֻתʱǼݣȴӰ¶ƣ߳ݺ󣬼޷Ծɲǰɳ˭ģ
ҪǸղ⣬ڶѾǰˡ޷ǵ
ǻǹԼ̫˵˶͸𣿡û
ǣҵĴ޷˫ֻۣǽ棬ŬŬ죬һĺۼûУǲβԣѾˡ
ЩҪץ𣿻ɣȻĲ²⡣
޷գһʱԣΣڵֻǲ书ֲɵӣôСģǴ𣿡
˵ôϸ˻ҩƵģƢô󣿡Ȼüͷתͷ˺һ
ֻܹԼԴʹ޷ǰһۣζͷ漴ת߿
һûѰټԽǰ󶼰Χ޷뽭سǰϸ۲һȷδк󣬷صǼݱܡ˴ѱѹأ֮ڣ˱ȻĴΡ޷֮⣬ȴδȫָԻص󣬱ϥǽ£Ϣ
һԣԾɵ䣬ΣȻʵ˵ǵûҵ᲻Ѿˣ
¶ɽûЩɱɱȴвǻͬΣա˵׼λͶصı£˶Ҫǿࡣ޷ƽĿ
˰Ծһ硣
ֲͬƴȲͺ𣿡޷ǵ
˵Ҳǡ֪̾ˣͲô
Ҫͬһǲˣ޷ǵͬǷ׷ǹʣᱻɱӺ
˵ðӼ˵
Լ˵ϣ㶨ܵס޷ǲ
˵ô˵ɺܶ飬Ҳܾܹܵ˵ġҼЩ£ֲǲ֪жĹչ˺
ֲѾߣ㻹źӲɣ޷˫ۣͶĿ⡣
ҲǸ˼˵ΪЩ£ߣչ
֪Щԣһ޷ʵ
ԣ㶣漴ʵѵ𣿡
޷ǼһãȻģſڣְѻ˻ȥƬֲ̣ͷʵǡô£
ŶǱƽİ¥϶бţҩҲһжȻᷦԽԽڸɣอʼƣֱ˶Ϊ̿
޷⻰һк¡
˭֪Ҳ°ҡͷ٩󡣡˵ţ߻ſڣ֮⡣
Уһʯþ޷£ֻһܳſڣȴֻܿҹյĽ档
޷ǲƳʱģȻ˵ͷٶȺ˫ĿϢ

ԣ
ʦ
ǷǣôͻȻôа
ңң
ǷǣԲźÿɰ


198 . ǶɺӺ
ճ, ɻ롢ˮ˴ڷسڵҲԽĿתسڡȻƴķΧ, ȴע⵽, ö̵СȦǰǿˮڡֻá顱, Ⱥըˮûг, ԾǰĿ⡣
˻ͷ֮ʣһӰӶ, ֱ롣Ȼ뷴Ӧ, ѱԷгϾһҲá
ĿɨǱı, Ƴǯ޷, , ЮҲãЩޭݷֶ, ָӡ
Ȼ, ·޷ǲŲæһЦ΢㣬ҪĨӡ
ڴʱ, ˮǰһ, ָ޷ǵ, Σ
޷Ǽ, ɶ࿴˻һ, ɫζ
Ȼɱ, ҪǵЮ, Ҳϧ˵
̫ˡ޷ЦɣԸǣòֶΡ˵ţѸ˸£Ѫ罦Ȫӿν˳ȥ˵ȼ״ڳһ£׷𵶱ӿǰ
һشһʱ޷ֻ֣˿ڣ˺󣬳ˮĺǿ콫£˵ڣ
⻰޷Ǵ΢зɿι뿪ʱһĻ
ӲҲǴȥ޷ǷţͷĽֻ˶ڣ󻹲֪ԮҪɱȥˡԬݻЩ룬˸·Ҫϵ鷳ЩΣա
¾ҶˣӲѵķ֣ɢ𣿡
޷һ˼ĬƬ̣ȳǣ֧Լ취ȥԬݡ
⻰ⷸѣû⣿
Щ˱𵱳µЩԶˣǰΪ书ϲЮƣڻʲô
Ҫˣںͷأʵ
ҪȥԬݵ㡣ȥĲһҪҲ֪ģ߾ˡ޷˵ţüһЦ漴߳ȥ
ڳ˼̻ӣЩ̣תƻ˵ߣըˮһĻ˳һҹδܼ˿ܻлй޷ϡ
޷Ҵ̼Ѵ˶˼硢븸ʽͬȴ˿ѷɫΧԾɴݲȣгʽõˮ©
ܿܿϰ֮࣬˵гߣ಻һɣһ֮Уиߵ֣֮еĲϾеĵһֹͣǰֵóȥɣʣʮ֮һɣвƾ¸ߣʤߣҲޣټͷЩв̤аħƲЩܷ紵˴ʧֹ֮ˣʣµ޼
޷Ǹպ⡰޼֮һûСкȡ׼ͣԸǰʮˣҲ뵱еı¡
ô˿̣ѱźֻ֣֮ӰζԱ״쬷У꽻ڶǼҡ
ս֮УԶȻһ
֮׷ײĿֻһСڱɿܻسǰǰзһˣһģȥ׷ˡ
ŶţƵƳ޷һۣߵǸ书ҲᣬһֵֻСӡ
ڱصͷ
޷֮°Եáȴֲ¶Цһѵã̫޴ֲ书ҪѺˡ
һ⻰Žɿڱڱǣæ˵ҵȷ
䣬һХণȸּ侪𣬻밵ã˲ƣݲϣȴǰܵػ˳ȥڵϡ
뱾ȴǰһλεĹ⣬һֻƼһŮֳһᵶޱָġ
ң޷ǾϲѡֿһӰײײܳӣЩڵأȻʧһҹ
ԭڱĻġֻȥ׽֣ƲѣպŴԬ뿪ȥң
ɲǸܺ˱ȡ׼ľ
ǻ룿ңɨһڵϵĻ룬䲻˵ͷĿƮһͲʲôö԰գػͷȥ
˵ȼֲ˹±ǰһƬԭΧ޷ܵһ˵ҲͻȻٴƵĶ޷ǣ£
Ҹʲô޷ҡͷһЦңķŬŬĸǡ԰գһɨȥ˺󣬵кЩûü̧ȵģǰһ˺ۣѪ
ңڰΧУ߿˱㳯˹Ųһֱߣ벽Ҳδƫ룬УȴѳһӰʽѽΧ£Щӱһһˣ޷ǽԣˮķһǰбУڿƣ񣬷·Դһս־ڱصá
ǲǿǰ֮˭Ͼ񽭺֮Уúᵶߣָֻʵû˿ţһʦСŮдŵͨ쳹صı¡
ι޷ǣңŤͷɻɱҲøɣ
޷Ƿɿҡҡͷ
ңһ䣬ȻͷбһȦһпƲ⣬ת˲䣬˸ȻһĽǶȣˮķתĶҴ̷϶ȥ
ɽԶ긲ѩɽм̤㣬ҲûʲôȤģĶɽеӣֻһѧ֮ϣң㣬䣬ָ֣һ֮ʤϰ֮꣬ʮ꣬ϢҲΪ񣬸ʽֵ⼸ɽǳɱֻ಻١
ˮġҲֻС׼סңԵףһ·æµȴҲշջǵһ ʹĵٴˮĶҴ̣뷽вͬΪϡب˪̼㽫ŶҴ϶Բָ
˾˺֪Ҫܣֲ붪ŽҲڴˣȥҲְأǳ׼϶һһݶӣر׷ɢܵñӻ졣
߰ô𣿡ң׷˼Щ˱ȴһ˻ͷ
ɱ֮ģҲֵɣϻŸ룬㼴ͷ˹ȥһþ󣬵ڣҲƲкתѵļ󣬱ֻøѨվֱӣóڴϤĻһûأͽˣ
˻ͷֻӳ޷ǲһ㶣ȴ룬ǲôһʱҲˣͬһߣЩߵңԣʵģ
ﲻǴԬݻıؾ֮·ҴӶһ·ţһԬݡң˵ţһ޷ǣЦ˵źⶺЩǣ˭֪պþˡ
û뵽ؼʱҾڸߣǿǡ˵ţȦ졣
޷Ǳߵңԣ״֮״ҿ˺һȤ˵û°ɣʱôû仰ͰԼ˵ˡ
һ⻰һۣһƳȻ޷ֻһ׾ٱ˿ȥңǲ뿴ĻΣΪ֮æסͷ㣬ܺʹкδ㣿


199 . ɽ
, سƬ̣ߵˣȥԬݼ
ǡңһʱ, ͬ, в㣿
, һϲ㡣һгģ
ΪΣң⡣
ʱ֪չ˵꣬Ĭһò, Ц⣬ǰʵ, ҹȥˣˣ
ҡͷߺ, Ѳ飬ʵڲȫ, ˳ǡ˭֪һ类ǵ˸֡Ｐʱ, Ȼֻѱ
ʲô, ·˵ɡ޷ң֣, سڻڶ, Ǿ룬ûôˡ
˻̸ԬݡṦݼμӿ첽, ⿿һ˫, һ಻ʮƫƫ;ǻҰ, ޴, Ψͽн
ҹ, ¶ɽ, , ɽҰüڻϷľ辵Ķ豿׾̶æľ辣ʵ㲻˵ڽ߶ԼչԼôûЩ
һʱΣ˿Դ֪
û¡Ǽһٱһ٣˳Ҷһԣ޷طֻҰã˳ӲٲɾͶŸߡЩǴûɹ
ǿɱȲ㣬¾ͨҶ̣˸ۡ
ʦĸһȫͷϣ޷һΣ֮״̾˿
ΪΣңɻʵ
ΪΣ޷ҡͷЦֻԼ꼼ˣοҲֻаķݣֻðǰźˡ
һ㶣ɳ
޷ǣ˵ܸ۸ƵģʦһǺĺðɣ
壿޷ǸЦûƳһۣͲẦұʦһһҹпѱˡ
⻰ƶ˾о棬һ붢ס
Ҽʱ㡭Ŷܷɻһ룬ֻ˺£ͷԹҡ
ңԽԽͿɻ׷ʣԵʲô飬ֵ
Ҫشȴ޷ǳָ۾ζǲԸԡ
ǴֵӣߣĻסȨûڰֵʲôûС⣬ҪŰˡ
޷üһ壬±죬ȴңһѰ˻ȥֻ̾˿ɻ
²תң˵ǹϲˡûĶͰĺҡʱͻС뵽ôࣿڣһߡ˭֪ôɾͱʦ
ʦԺһգվ޷ޱӹͷҵĺʦ㡣
ʼ磬ŤͷĿ⣬ûȿڣűȥ
¹ȥˣңʡ
ãָ˼Ӧǰǰˡ
ǰҲʮꡣң˫ֲϥ䣬ȥЦԭǸʱѾôŮӻ
޷ֻҡͷ˵
ǲ֪ЦСʱ򳤵ǽһ׾·Ĵ޲ڡ
޷ֹԲٳֻشеĿã˺һֻõȵݸһרעң
ǰɣڷﻹиǽһ׷ʹ򡣸ּëƤ¶ܵ˼û˵ֲѣֻȥӴ˵һأǹˡû˵ţֻӲͷƤӦǲ֪ʲô׽èȥ𴩵ѿʽҪǹƤػذʾػֲԴ֪ξܾʵûޣί֮뿪꣬¡
˵ϳһ˿ּ˵ȥ֪ĸլסַǹǹҲ¸ң̽׵Ļңҹȥˡ嫳ˣΪʲôԲ˼ҵ£ǧȥңŷƺء
ǣôˣңʵ
ˡôϲҲһӵ£ֹԼҲͨˣԪڵƻʶһλ˼ҵĹӣñˣò֪ж̹ǸСӶµ·ˡЦ飬ֱңɫ˵˵ʵôҲȷĸУ㡣
ң΢΢һ㶡
˴޷ǵһЦֻõݸңվһֻõݸлʦ顣԰գ㾶ԴһԵĹľԣѭˮСߵһӱߣ䣬ˮһ齽Сϡ
㲻𣿡ңĻΪ˵ô࣬㲻ˣ
޷ǻͷ̧չһЦҡҡͷ
ңߵ£ʲôҲûá
𣬲̫Ѿ˺Щʱ޴ϴ޷ǵղڻԣ;йɹζŻϴϴɾĺá
𣿡ңյͷţҡҡͷµİɣ
޷ǵ˵ͷѻǽǰڷصĳģɫĶʵشֲڣһװʵ֡
ңԣִյᣬָԲЩ޷Լᵽ㣬౻Ǽⴥһæ˫磬ƿ
һң˵ţоִ̬֮ôˣ
޷Ž˻ڸȴȫⱻ˿̬֮΢΢̣æɿͷ֣ڷ̵ĶԼ侲
ң⸱ģӸеѽ⣬ɻûü˵˺ˮС
ιңվۏȥǳ̲ˮãһʱףɻʵǡʲô
޷һ˺ügˮѣŻͷЦû¡
ҹ΢Ծɴõ¾ʪ͸ϣιյһ޷ǵͷ˿ŸûϥǵˮϵĿȣúˮȫûڵ
˭֪ңԺˮǳҲ˺̲
ʲô޷Ǽ״󾪣ȴ֮⣬뼰ʶˮԣǽŲѣȥ
ŹŹֵֹģƫҪô¡ң˵ţˮ˹
޷ǱرܣȻֲòֲҲմ˼κˮ̧׵ӳӰ⻪貣һʱôˡ
ͷңرɳ
һʱ鶯һͷĴꡣ
ʱ˿̣ˣԾڻԡͷĹľԿãȻ̾˿ҡͷ˵治סôˣ
ƽҲദ𣿡ʵ
С򵽴󣬡˼⼸꣬ôˡ
ΪΣ
Ӧǡ˲ճɡ˵ϲˣʵ˼ϸ塣Сʱң䲻泤˱£¡Ҫ˵ʵҲôں档
⻰΢΢һ㶡
þʱҲǾúܣһ̯ҡͷ̾ҲңͬƢһ£ˣǱɡ
ҿóǶˣ˴ˡ˵
ǵȻˣҵҧһȣ
һ㶣ã
ȻˣҲǸˡ¾׽⣬
ôءҡҡͷֻò˼顣
綼ϰˣҴСû˭ҵŮ˵һЦȤҪǰҵɹһϰˡ
ſڣһʱԶԣȴظеһ˿ꡣ
ڰ¥סҲЩʱաǰŮӣȫڼƣòͿʼѧһˡֻݣϰߣ£Ϊϵĵµʲôƣ롣
ǺתҹɫƳ
СӰʯԲӨӨ⡣޷½볨ңϸŴĳ
ûǴҲã޷˵ЩʱҲܺú˵˵
Ҳˣңʶͷȴǣ˴ķ˿һʱʹͷת˻ȥ
Ҷ޷ǽʮָۿǴشĳĴָָ۵ͷƤλã࣬ԶʯֺԼĻ⣬һɣǲҲˣ
˵
ֻнԼף޷ҡͷһЦҲգԼ˵㴰ֽһҪͱ

ԣ
ûں£ǾֹϷϷˮѡﲻɾϸԡ


200 . շת·
¶ʮ, ϵԬݳǡ
޹罭һ㣬ңĵ, δ¶־ȻӶ̬֮, 󷽷ǰӭ, ڴӽ޷Ƕ˿е֪һʼĩ̱ʾ, ֶһֽԿԮ潭ݵǲ, ˼, ֵǰյܺķֶ棬λ֮ǰ顣
ȻΪֵ, δ, ȴޭݵȷֶΧ, ܺͻͣһ, Ҫ֧Ԯܲ, Ȼǰ첻ˡ
һܹǰķֶ棬ֻʣԬݡֶ棬ֶּ, Ҳ, Ĵķֶּ, ˵Ҳ߰˰֮, ܲͷ, Ļ, ͽ, ˶֣֮£ʵʵ⣬Ӳƴϲߡ
ʮֵĸ׵ĴȴҲ֪˿ļãֻԬס£ȴֶĵ
󣬷ֶԺڰó棬ڻУ֣߾պܹյλãǵʳָ󴦵ĳ̣񡣹һȻԶƺԼֳһͷȥȴƼңڻһ̨ǰһϮɫԽȹ·Ѥɫ
ЩĴš˵ţң˹ȥҲʮͷʮŮǰ˿ֻ곤һЩĽ㡣
ߵңǰͣ½Ų̣滹𣿡
ңһͷ
ͬӦûϵ˫ֻۣһ˿һµ
лΡңһͷʩ
Щ˾ñ˹ӣһͷһɱɱ˵úǸԼѰĻᣬ˵ЩԼ֮⣬˶ϣ׸޵֮ȴװǵһ˽ﵱһĴɣ
ңһ㶣һ˼ҡͷ룬һʼӦͲڴҵ
𣿡޺Ȼʵ
ңҡͷ
ڻһĳ£Ҿͺ޹
ңȻ
м俪ʼһֱʦǸù֣ʲôǮ͵û֡޵ңҵĵطһ¥ĺ⣬ĸŮ⻳ϣֶġ
ޱ΢΢Ŀ֪ºұԽʹҵŮˣĸеˣÿһ춼˺ӣֱһգۿʦ˴˶٣ּ˵ȡһȥΪĸβǮλϸζ˳ͷģǰ¥ˡ
Ƶ¥ȡعͷʱҲǸСոʮ꣬ûж£ÿػûü֣ѱסɽ¥ȴÿζҡһأҽס£ҿ̶ɱҵȻᣬɾҪֵʱĽӷ˳ŰľҿԶ㡣˵ţۺȻʣһ̣Լ֪ʲôͻȻúѹججҪߵʱ򣬽¥˵ݲҪҲҪҪԼʲôҪˣͺúˣҪҲûס㡣
˴ͷһЦ̾һǰӺ޷ѡ񣬵һҪôԼ˵꣬Ťͷң˫۾֪Ǹ˵ˣʮ갲ӣᱻ˲Ƚζ˵㼸ǰڣԻӭУǧȥδ˺ۣҲϧġ
Ըң̾Ը˰ɡ
ֱһףΪν˵ЩΪε˴˴޻᲻һ䣬ԭ̫ڿຣ֮ˣڹμ䣬ң֮ͬˣ΢֮˴ů
˪࣬Ҳɪɪģɫ¶ᣬԺķҲ˰˷ֶڵ˵ǽл˵ǰڣûüãڰ˿
㡭㶣ʲô𣿡
к£˱裬ϸ룬ȥ׶༪٣һ·ôң;棬Ҫͬ˽棬ʵ̫Σˡ
ԡϣôɻ
Ҫɼ˰ͻؼȥ˵룬Σա
ؼҡ⻰ɫȻϰһ˴š˵ţԾҡҡͷ
ǵҲǣָ򢣬ϸ룬ȻһƵ뵽ˣҿȥϵ˺ˣȥ˵£ͽԴϲ𣿡
⻰ɫȻԹ˵ʲô
˵ȸңϲʲôĹˣһҼҰҡĻϲ˵ţԼ¡
ˡȻһѣΣվǱȥҲü࣬ãʵԣһֱΪǸ۶𣿡
㶣Ҫ˵Լûô룬Ƽ˳ȥ
һȻԺУɱһʯС޷Ƴ޷һķ򣬼ǽսȥǼӣرʶʲôվߵǰš

Ӧ޷Ƿ˽ȥ
°ʵ
ղŶ˵ʲôˣ޷ǿżɽ
ͬ˵Ǳ߷ƱãҲ֪ᷢʲô£ܸңҲǰ취һͲˡ˵ԸԸؼң˵һɽ̫¶Ҿ˵԰˵£ĺùҶȥһ顣
޷ǲŸո£ͱ˵ⷬ𾪣̧ͷֱʵô˵ģ
԰ʲô𣿡ʵ
޷Ƿ·סĬ˺һҡͷ̾˿һ̯Ҫ˵ףαô鷳һҼȥʣ׸ȥͺ𣿡
˵˵һֻۣʦ˵Ҳû˭ҸȤ
ôܲ𣿡޷Ƿʡ
ǲ˵𣿡
Ҳ˵˵޷ǵҪûǸŮˣӦӵʱͲ㿪
ӣʱ£ʵ
Լ롣޷û
Ҳû죬Ļرǰһأһλʧδѽƣֻ̻ţǰӦģǰλʦܡ
޷ɽҵ̤һҲݽɽźһʹ಻ģ㼴óһƿҩУԼҩҵû׷˵ţתߡ
ҿ󺰵
Ǿ취޷Ƕ仰ȻԶ
£ðšŶһȴͷϸ룬˵ΪŮб𣬿ϴξңҲûӰ
޷⻰Ȼĳٶ۸е̾ΪֹãƵĵͷСС˾ͺá˵⻰˳ȥ
㵹ǰѻ˵󺰵
޷ֻٶ۵ѹٴԱԶصЪϢʯ¡
ԼӣΪ֮ʼֵһ㣬ԭ򵥵ĹϵΪһʱĲöΣԣһʼűѾ֮ҪôͻԵָΣǺǻ޷С
ӦԼιϵƲˣǽֻԼڣ˭Ҳ޷档
޴Ԭȥ֣ǿأһչ⾰㽫徭˶Ԭݣ֪ңЩϸԵ֪ҲԬʱǣȴδ¶
ܲԭİˣ׽ߣвˣԭвȻͬӦϣֵĻɢ˶ѹ˳ڽЩӵģɱմȨ󣬽֪ӺδʵԭȵǼˣȥأһǧ࣬ЩܵҲԶԷ˶ڡ
Ԭݵֶͬʱ˺ƴƣȻǰ׼һ󣬸ʤã
ֻҪȽ¥ı£ֻҪԼߣӵó徭ڸ볤̾Ҫǿɾͳʧˡ
ҵʣҲ԰Ӱѽ˵ǸػѶǣפģȫǽˣһڳйȻᱻ˲Ҫô֪أ
Ҫϵýӣֲܱϳҡͷˣ¥˵ȣҲϵ
ȥɡңȻڣֶ񳾣˵֮ʣûʲô⼸Ҳûôǰֻ֣Ҫû⵶ϣӦᱻϳ
һҲΣաҡͷ
ǾҸֲȥòͺˣң
ȷһߣСӣҪ͵͵ô죿İܷŹ
뵽ˣǰһôһط˭֣Ǵһš
һ˵˽Ժȥϸһȴ¶˸ӵɫ
еǱУ䲻ⷽʤε㡭ҲֻܾΪˡʵڲУҲΪƴʲôҲܳܡ


201 . ´ߵ
, һҶڲڣŶԽǿÿݵĿתżնȲ, ۼǿҶӽݻ, һƬƬ, Ψ֦ͷĩҵһƬҶӣʼհ, ֦ңٴķ紵, Ҳֻǻȥ, ôҲ¡
΢΢üߵǿ, ͻȻһ뷨ҪȥƬҶժ, ڵ, ͬҶһ飬Ȼʱ, һµȴ˹, £
ԾɲϽ𣿡ʵ
еˣŹҲ֪ʲôһ˵, һ˫ֳһ, ѰշԸ, ץļҾ춼һ, ôã
, أԴӹǴ, سֶ淽ȥ
ɷֶѱذΧ, ֻҲɲȥԺһ˵ȣڣշţͷνҲһ
ŮҸ仰ߵǰԺ˵˵ڴ壬ǸӢۺúܳΪŮҡ˵ɲᣬֻҪסɷֶ棬ҲĿ
˵꣬Ժڲһ˻Ӧֻ紵ߵɳɳ
ɷֶԺⷽԲһദһƬïܵ֡ʱ˿̣֮У˫۾ԶԶһĻ޷ңˡ
ңԹǻ鷳ܱǣ뽭ƶõļƻ£ɾͲһˡҲΪ֪һ㣬ңŻ᲻ء
ϻЩŮӣû޷ԣˣһأ޷Ҳ£һ˹
Ҳܹʧȥ˵Ŀ࣬Ϊڵ˼Ӻߣңҡͷп
Ͳȴֲǿߣĵ֮ˡ޷ǵϻ˻ԣҹһأʱ㿴ߣ˭Ҳ벻һʱƫִݱˡ
ЩҾͷңһ˼ܰ˾ȳ᲻򵥺ܶࣿ
ҲСڳܲ˵ĵطкܶࡣ޷ǵ·С
ֹ˺һûԺڻӦ̧ɤӦףҵȴ˷ǰΪˣ¡ܹף˳ڶңҲطǵ˺
ºһŵߵڰ׵죬£ΪҪҵȼҾ°ȥƣԺڴһȴǳ⡣
ȻҪˣǾĪĳˡ˵꣬ŤͷһԵ½һԸ̴˴æ뿪
޷תңҲԼղͬʱ˵ͷ漴ݲ˵ĽŲṦߣ⼸Ҳǰ¥С䣬ЩȭŹȴֲ߳ڱ١
߳һ·һ˺Ȼʵ磬µ˼ҪɱӺ⼦Ҫˣǻ𣿡
ôࡣͷӰ׵¾ͺúð졣
ҪòصȶҽˣҲʧǲǣֵ
Ӳ˵ֻݲǰСֱʮ￪һլԺǰͣ¡ԺͷӰҲûУԶԶȥȷֻǸķ϶լżȻԾҲŽȥ࿴һۡլԺ֮ڣ䷿ǰ˿أжʮ䲻ʲôǿҲֻȭŵСආ
Ժڿ֮˼ӣ㼴ʵҪˣ
ӵͷҪǸץŮ˳Ҫ»ûкӵġ
Իû˵תһӣָһŮ˵ĸ첲˳ƵӸǰŮӣԼĪʮ£޵滨꣬廨վһȺߴм䣬һҲҶ
λˣҲԹǣӵҪ־ֻܹǼҷֻԼӢۣǵ
ҪôһŻµٸ׳ŵӵ֪ʲôһɱǧģ֪ҺΪֻŮҪЮδ䣬㱻һ⣬صڵأ̧ʱѸ߸
һٸŵɫһʱ̱ڵأ˵ȴڴʱ˺Ȼһ죬Ťͷһȴһ֪ˤ˵ϣһգʹȥ
Ӵ󾪣ǰһȴ˶Ѩеӡ漴ּ̧㣬Ŵ£żתѡ
죬˶Ѻﱻˣһͷæָ
ѰѨַҪ⿪Ҳѣɸղغȴϴ󾢲Ž⿪Ѩ̱ʶ֮˹֮æкͬмҾ춼ԺУ
ͷȷ޲Ҫȴͷһ˷׷д˸ܣʹ˭֪󣬲ŷһ費֪Ӻδˮڿл˸Ȧͷ£պЩ֮ˣ׷վûһ˿ǰҾ졣
˶ٸбϷŪ漴һֻ¾ɵľͰ˳ݶͷһȣյ沽һԾ鵶ľͰ÷飬ڵϣ˻ûӷһĻлعζȴһ֪λýΣ
һ׷׻ͷֻƼһźɫὣأվЩҾǰ
ҼҾ쵱УһʮͷŮ˷ܵõ
СŮϻң˽ȱߵŮʱˡ˿ģЩҾȫȻͬûаۣ䱻ţȴǾӣͦأٲȻһӢӵܵɡ
Ļ޷Ǵ΢΢΢ףʵС书Σ
үүѧһ㣬ʹòáʵ˵ˣһ򲻹
Ǿ㡣޷ǵЩ飬ǻؼҡ԰գ컨ӭǰܻ
Ľڻ˹һһĹƣǰʮˣ࣬Х£˿һߣǣǰһɵľ޴ݣиɻ
ǸˣָһһһС̶̺˵ܵãߴǣ¿ˮ
𣿡޷գһףݲһ˺ԭغ̧Сȣȵ˹¡
̵ģʲô£Свʣȴ޷һŲڽף۵÷УЩȥ
޷ǯǴСۣ콣ӭУԾɴݲȣ۹ƣԵˮ©һĹ򣬱㽫һͬ·ģͨͨءЩд붼ЧڽعҲδһһһѨͬЩȵļҾһЩ˶ʵʵǸСۣеλǰЦʣС㿴Ӧδã
ͬţӦʮȥ˵ţȥԺһȦһ˶೤ڴֵĹӻתλƱһʱûȣһᣬҪϵϣŵкˡ
ò޷æǰнӹľڵϣõöġ
õöﲻ˵ţǰǸӱС۱ȥ


202 . ¶
Сĸ˶۾޷Ǳ˿, űľеĴСۿѪģüͷ
ǹʵﲻƥ䣬, ĵò, ˹, һЪ
޷ǼǴС۽ֱأϸһǰ̽Ϣ, ȷϴϢ󣬱Ҳٶ, Դӻȡһö̻졣
𻨴, ڱĿը졣еңƳ̻𣬱ŵ˳ȥǺհ, ǰ˵ҪѰ, п, øСŮҪЮˡ͵оʲô𣿡
Ůң, ɫȥ, ĶǺ⡣
£˭һǰպƳңĵɾ, ѵǡ
һ˵, չұ, , ˵, ǵ, ˭Ҫ֡԰, ̶ֱͦңš
ңû뵽˾ʱҳӢۣҲðΣ˸ֱĽ
ֵĲ࣬мҲ߰˸ԲУĽȫѹƣ̧Ҳ̧
վڷֶԺǰΧȺ£ΣĻסΧ
ңԾɲεŵʣк磬־Ǵ˼˵ܹƥС
ԺĶԽԽߵȻҲ궯֮
ҪŮţòҪ״̸
Ī£ŮͬλֵļҾ죬ѵþˣ֧źţΪ֪¡
ңһԺڸݷżͬʱ󿪣õ˳ȺսһƬ
Ȼٽȴһ
ɫʮĻլڣҾǴ඼һڽ䣬᲻Ψ˸߲ұһҰ̤Ĳӣ޷¡
磬㿴ЩòÿҰϲɫΪʲôǻܻȥأ
Ҫٵһ޷ЦЩǴĲɵģ
ں档ָָԺķ򣬡ǣͼЩ԰ֳĶһġǺƯ
޷ԣʶԺƳһۡŴ˼䱾Ǹ̵ĻլԭɥʧȴΪЩҰɼ·ǶǾ֮Ҳк
ˣ磬ʵϴͬһǸƯȥˣ
ڰүү޷ǵһЦ
صͷǽҲʹһǸĺˡҳԺҲΪĴ
ûǱ޷ҡͷЦԴɬ
Ϊʲô磬ѽգŴ۾˵װŵĶǳĹ⡣
޷Ƴģظеĵױĳů⣬ЦʵǺˣ
ȻĻãʲô˿أ˵
޷һЦ漴˵ôҲ㣬һܳΪΪˡ
˵⻰˺ȻŵһХ죬ŤͷһƼԶǻ谵һ⡣
ˣ޷վЦԻȥүүˡ
ͺ𣿡ǲүүˣ
סˡ޷ҡͷЦ
˵⻰ִҳһЩ°һ飬ÿ֮䣬һϴקϤؽլεڣЩҾصֶ档˿̷ֶԺ⣬ʬأ˫־𣬳ʵڲҲ̶á
޷Ǽ״һü̻˫ۡ
ְǿгȺѰ游Ӱ
˿̶в¶æЩ˵ʬҲѪһʬߵǰͻȻһġүү
ر֣󾪻عͷһɲǿѹĵ׵Ŀֻ뵣һ붼ӿ˳˫ۡϡˣͬһӣűǰȥЩȻݺᡣ
үүЩ岮ǶôˣʵǶõģһء
Сﰡƽɿӵ֣ͷѾʮˣҲˣȻЩͰ̣չˣòã
үүģϣһͷ޳һķֶԺȫ޾ɫСһӣЩҾصԺڡ
ߵ޷ǸǰرҪ£޷ۼֿ죬æסʹã
ǿĺߵ磬ֻôŮʹĵ˷Ƕ֣ͷӣʲôϰ
ˣⲻǶúõ𣿡޷Ц鶼ȥˣͷʦòͷİɡ
˵⻰ְ˼䣬֪ңڲ￴𣬱Ѱ˹ȥòǰŸƿţЦ
廨ݽǣűƿ̧ͷһ޷ǣڨڨЦҲЦ
Щ£ܵõʲô޷ʵ
ܵõʲôһΪҪ˵߹󣬲֪񼲿֮ˣȻĿһУô֪ʲô
޷ĿʼƽĻĬƬ̣Ȼߵǰϥ£·ʲôûƵģЦҺܺ棬ˣǲǴСãʵÿ춼Žͷֵأ
㲻ؼɫ֪˵ʲô
ܶڽĵ֣㹲¶꣬Ų֮ˡңʲôƻû˿𣿡
һ⻰¶ЦλܲҪͬ˵ôЩ꣬ϴֵȴɸɾһҲûаɣ
޷ЦҲͬñ磬վߵһԡ
޷ǣ̰ɫдۣ˵ŮΪ飬㪣ҵ
ƻ񸣣жꡣ޷ǵԵҵ㻹ȳԼĹɡ԰գ㼴ң߳񷿡
ƴں㡣ңһϲ񷿵ţһ˵ʲӴ⣬ӡ˵ˣΪβ
˶ֻԼΪʵ޷ںЦҷ׷ǹʣôô룬ֲ⡣
⡣ңߵǰͣ£ֱ˫Ŀ治˵ĿôͲһֱСĽҲ׾ƫƫѡ±֮ʱչ¶Ҵѧʲô⣬ȴΪΡ
޷΢΢һЦʳָᰴ꣬Ŀ¶ȻִսЩ˵ģֻһ£Ǿ㡣
ңһüҪ˵ȴһ۵㣬ǸвүүˣǱ𣿡
ԣһ㶡޷ʶԼңٶСӿ˲ãæ֣˿ŤͷһԱǰҰվڶǰһ˫۾档
Сã˻ɶˣԶңݸһЦ˵
Ǿ⿩ͷڿ˿ȴȰգʲôҲûܿ壬ʧ岮˵˫ֶ֣١Ҫнڣֻ¶ҪȫûˡǸģǻ
бӦġ޷ǰο
ͷͷŻҰʱң͵鼸ۣ˺һڹֱͦүү˵кܶ˶˵ǻˣһΣȴôˣЩ˵Ļš
лл㡣ңһȾ¶Ц⡣
ǡϴС̫Զûܿӣ˿ĭȻΪ˻ţ㿴ˣ˵һƯ
ңԣһ㶣ؾ֪˵ЩʲôӲ֪Ϊò֪룬н޷һԿţҲΪ⡣ôҲ벻¶СŮ̬ģһʮͷŮԵ
ʲô֣ңϸһãʵ
βˣҲ֮ЦӦֻӦٻݺ˵Լ֣г
ң⸱ģݣ÷лл˵⻰ʱΪأһɲǼ䣬رһֽѣȻѡ
ǣ͸㡣ЦţҰݸң˵̤С鲽ɿܿҲ֪Ϊ߻ǱԵɡ
ңҰпտҲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
㿴ƼۣѰͶ޷ǶЦֻҪ˻Ը˽㡣
ң˿Ծɲ˵
޷ǻһתΪβʲô㶼ẦߡƫƫһС㼸䣬ͻȻҲ˵ˣ
ңҧҧִ̧ͷ޷΢΢ܿһֻҲ˹æܿңĿϷẔ́׷ȥ

ԣ
βˣҲ֮ԡ硤ϡ¡ ЦӦֻӦٻݺơ˾ͼӻ ƼۣѰͶϱǽΪ


203 . ϵ
⵱, һ⾰
˪ʱڣʼЩ, Ȼҹ, ȴǷ纮¶, ͸
ڼС˵ڻ£Ӻ˳
һ, ΪҲó, ɿλ벻ɫĶ, մڼУ, ͬ״һ, ÿʱÿ̶ձ
ʵܲ, ŽæµĹŵС, ʹ, ڣɴƭҵš
޴־޷ǿ, ò׳һ, ҲûĿ, ֱϻѰעų, ⵱, ҲֻȥЩûʵ档
һ, ûʶĶ, ȥģǽеĻ¥
ʱɣļ˱ĿˣѰ˼ҵʱȴ¥һڴִ
Ļӵģźģһʵİһѳƽ½߿ϻȣתҲԼǸʲôڴүǰװߣޡ
Խۻ಻¥˷׷ײĿһһ
͹Ůȹڴżָ˵мǮﻹϡأ˵ţֱű߳һֻƿͷȥ
ϣⲻͩ𣿡ӿŮĿ۷Ź⣬ߵ¥ȥŮҲһ˻ƿ꣬޳ɸˡ
ɧǡһȴ㶣Ӵⲻǽ𣿺Щûˡ
ӣҪΪ˼ͩҧŴʣָ˵ӣ彭˵ӲʣҪǿ˼ң˼£Ҫ
ӴӴҵͩɫߣôſڻ̱Ե߻أҲűָʵ˵ϳ˭ˣվŸţ
ǽӣǿɵýǰ˵Щʲôȴһѡ֮˱ûȤǰԲĸ˻صǮƣȥ
Ϊʤֵ̣ߵ§߽ͩ¡
ͩ٣ƺߵԣһָյߣ˵ǽˣ˵˼ҳͷȻѽ¾͡
ӴӴӴɲ˵⻰ɫеؾ죬ͩһڣظҵı»Ҫĸ۵۸㣬ң¥£ҵѽңܳԿأ
⻰˵䣬ĿˮҪγרÿĵطҲʼء
㻹˵أһûˣͩÿڼͷĳСָƵĹס½ÿЩ¶Ĺ֡
һòӱҲ಻סһ˹ȥȴͻػǰһڣһԵڵء
ѽͩЩµվ˿վӱĽȴ˿û¶ɫ
ģǰԼܴ˷벻ɣҶźȥ鷳Ҳ֪ġ
ǡǾллˡͩЦԽƲסϲõ飬ȻΪһҲˣҺáҺá
Ҫٴ㣬ǰֶ˲ɡһֲŵڵϵĽӷ˸ۣ⹷ȴˣϾͻţẦġ˵ţ㼴ƿȣһк˷ݣ̧ӷȥ
ҹ䡣ص֮Ḻ̌廨ϡ
ʱһļǵųڣˣǽ׼¥ȥ˱𴦣ԼϹ¾
û°ɣ۵ͷ󺹣һ⻰ֻϵĺ̸ˣĸ첲ʵ
ܲҲ˵⶯ɴˣһ
˵꣬ѽϵһҲûҼ֤Լ֮һԽһᣬ֮ڣһѳĲӽɫޱ
£ŮĨƣظϰӶǿ彡òŴֶ
ɽӲͬ书һûһţñӳҲ϶һ˼ͣ˵˹Уֻɱá
̰ѿ飬һ㴩㡣ֺ棬ѶõĲϣѡĲ÷ƣٺñϲ
Ⱨųһ󲽿ţֱжȥһԺ㱻
˿¶ɫ߾бһѶɨһЩΧıδ󺺣壬治õʲô𣿡
δƼ⣬һסˡҪ֪ѣ˵ǱŮȥǽԼվҲҰ˿
˵Ⱦٶʵڹھףһ˸ҽӲ硣
˼һۣԴ˳߽Ժǲֻһ·ΧŸȥ
ԺսޱʮѵصľΧú磬ȴôҲ岻ԴԴϵ
ЩȻޣȻѵһ丵β©󷨣ģ侫ľưոݡ
վ֮⣬ƤأȻûѾ޷ȻߴʶͷƳһۣƼǱɲǣȻҲסˣƬ֮عʱŭ֪ܣ
˭֪ܣΪ֮λԼ׸綼ҪһѽڵϣԾΧھΧȺһס֣
˼־ǽţĻȨǷƨͷҲһ¡
ùǿ򶨣һ˺
ָæǰ˻ؽԣ˫ֵϡ
ϸһƱߣҧݿ֨죬ָŽвң׼ô
ʱһСȴյС˵˼仰
գ͵һΡ
ҪǴϳģϵôǶϵģں
֪ߣǸѾͷɿƳһ۱϶˶ɫ̱ˣʹ֪о󶼱޳ȥ
ͷŭɱҶˣᵣҵ£ⱲӶ῿ˣͰ˼ɣ˵ҵģ
㡭㡭ܻ̳¾ʹ˸ɫ
׼һЩ˷㼴ݲ𣬷̤ͷԡ
򲻶ŲԹЩܻؽղޱ̣ѧ˼򵥵ƣ¸պõϣ߾彣Ͼ߳߳ޣԾɣܿɱһѪ·Яݶ
С컹ڡС˵
ǰһһ·ŷΧǽǣһƥ״һɳ۶ȥ
ƥǽСŵģΪ飬ͨԡһ裬ֻǵôЩϹ˳ȴƥȵ׷ǰֻƼҹ֮£ԶȥһģӰӡ
ˡˡɫָ̣˵Ҳ˼̬ȵǿӶôܳȥģ
ǱŵİС˵һ˵ϣһҲҿԡ
ȥѣŭߣҲðҳ


204 . ˹
ҹ֮, ޶ˣһ·񱼡
Ҵ۽硣ҡͷп, Ȼõ, ЩѪԵ, ⡭ȷʵ뾭ѵ
ʱ죬һһأ, ĿǣȻڼǹҸ׵İΣ
ղżŶ, ȻǴ˵, ȫ̸ģ޵, ýӻ¥, 취вͨˡ
ڻ֪û˸, Ҳܻȥͣ£̾һ, ⸸, ǷᣬмҲܻء
Ϊε¥ὫȥΪʦ޺Ȼʵ
ΪΣҶѧ㱾¡˵꣬صɴ˫, ȵȵȵȡò, ڽ֮ǰҵб֤, ͷɣ⡭ҾȻ
Ҳ, Щ±Ͼ˵ҡͷ, Ȼ
Ҳ˵, ûΪЩر, ҳߣʵѾҪȥˣʹֻûڲѣšΪҡ
Ҳż£֣Ҳ˻ҪԽʵҲֳ̡ͷҸطҹúúϼƺϼƣ㡣
šһͷ
ҹֱ⣬ٵ磬ɳ﷭˸׳죬Ҳûҵ˵м֪ӱںδΨҹṊ̀ĸ˵óЩ΢ͩѲڻ¥¥ֲɽٷˣȥʦʵֻð²ᡣ
Ȼȴ˵ǽˣ˿ڴţƺлҪԽ˵²µĿģִҴҸ˻ȥһǰ㿴յƴһãյвˮ˵ϡ
֪ûôҩףһߵǰ
壬ʲôƢҲ֪Ҫǲҵںδͱʳӵ䡣żɽ
ҵȻ֪Ҳ԰ڴ˴ȥĥͬҺް취
뵽ĵԽǰҾͽֻҪһزȥӶԵͷҵϾʹˣĥҪ̫ˣҲûˡӿɲһأôҲˡ
˵ʲô۵ױųɱ⣬ȴǵͷǿѹȥ
ҪҼҵߵ£ģƤЦⲻЦ
ҵš˵̶꣬һԵ˻֣£ԼĪһĹ򣬷عС
عûа˺ۣɫҲףǰȴ˻
ûʲôɣ
Ϊܺáع̾һΪˡ
ģǲҶô˵
ҲˣǲǸø߶壬Ӷںδ۵
Ҳ֪˵ûӦ˵ҵͰѽӽ壬ôɵˣ
㡭ɫֳ˼֣ããȻҪֵƣáѵûͺúڼסһ󣬱춫ܣԼ˵ţһӣһڲ¶Χ
治⽭ӵأ˵ţС
ܣְɡع˵ţ׺͸һ˿Ĺ⣬Եļˣûüʹʲôʽѱɳȥ
֮һ¶ϲһ
ûж󾪣Ϊ
ʱδǰסعĿ䡣
һһعǰعʲãӭӣ󾢷磬ȵΧڽԵһײײ˿
磬˵ЩСжδ֡ãҲҿҶˣ˭ʤδλ԰գһѵ˹
˵ڼΪʮƷ缤ķ綼·âεۣ·ѩ̵ı硣ڴ⣬ؽУҲʤԺԺһ˵ȣŶ˶У۾ֱ
Ÿʲô£
ŻعæгΧ˹ȥ콣ӭԷ˶ڣȴȫ޾⣬ͬʱһöߣա
ʱԺѴĽŲͬк
ѷֶ˶Ǿˣָһ󣬾ߣһХΧǽͷ̶ɳΣƺƵ
һУзԽعľȴ೤̼ܷ仯̻ң⣬Զ
¥ڣֵܶݱȻһʰֶѵƱҪһľأܰݡ
ܣһֱסع˵ЩҲǸӣΪ֮λִţ
ΪΣЦҲôһõĶӣͻ֪ʲôδѡ
˵úòҲ߳ģƾʲôΪֶҪô˵
䣬عֵܶѹ˰֮࣬Ծɽδʤֶ估ʱɱ¥լ⶷òɿδִֶԲ㡣
ͥԺĽʼһ֮ӭս֣һǰȻϸܵĺ飬Сһ｣˵УһָԺۼ󷨹һǣȱԽء
ع۽ƳǣȴԼҲڿս֮УԳֻܰƽ
н˼֣תԺгߣ漴أԾһˣбƽ⻬£Ҳɽֻһ죬һʱ֮䣬ʯ̳ĽͬʱгҲǰ̶֪ͦһظ𼸵Ѫ㣬֮ϣѩؼ俪һɫŨҵĺ÷
˼סլۡɽÿһשĿȣģһǺԾȴͷҲûһ£˳һ࣬Ȼһվȣȴһʹĳһƣǳ֮ˣһĨֻһƬʪյģѪ
еһģڴʱһ䵶ޱղǡһƷ˿˿Ʈȥڳˮ棬һȦۡ
ս˿̣˶·ϤҲԽܣиɻСڣṦҲߵĸһ·Լʹó
ô˿̣˫භѿ쵽ʱսʱĽȻƣλεĵ⣬ҡҡ߻λΣȻеһ˿ͷĿѣҲһʱ񣬱һƣ͵ǰһЩײӭһѳһ亹ǿ̾ʹڵأܿâ
عΣҲ˲˫ͬʱݳţ֮ȴ֮ɱֻԶܡع׼϶ӿȥ콭׷ʱ䣬ɨšеǸɽŮʱ׵ģҲ֪ǴһĳδţѼһɼΪ֮֮֮⡣
彣ѽĳֻƼع˫ֱַסΧľ׳ӣһһӳ࿪⣬øԴĽ֡
عƽºˣ겻˶䣬ճһŭֻΪŮһʱ֮䣬ڳ˵ȶסˡ
վȽŲȴȻһʵĻңȥ˰ɡ
󾪻ͷֻƼ޷ֱַ𡢻վԺŶͬʱһɣǲʡµĶڵϡ
ǻˣϲ
޷ǳ彭عչյȥصЩˣ඼ѻת⣬ͬһֶ棬Ҳǧ֮࣬λҵ١
㡭㡭ָ֣޷ǵȻ㴫ȥϢ
ô޷Ц⣿
ŭɶȱ㳯ȴһ󾢷缲Ҳеס
˭
ҡңֳ񳾣ڽģƽ֪ѵǣû߹㣬ڷؼ𣿡
áܺãоǲʣתععΪס֮λŮΪ飡ȥ㲻¡
´ȥع
ԣ˰ΣȻЦ


205 . ʼ֪
ô˿, ¥ڣͥԺغʬҲ̶áһ־, عѺŽ뼰˻ص֮, ͽҲɱ, ʣµļķֶѺԺηҲɼֶڵĺͬһ߽á
Ŀ̱ڵ, ˵ʲôʼղһԡ
֪˶, 𽥽, ˼˫ۡ
͵˫Ŀ֮ڨЦ, ҡͷ
, ǰһ, ϻظѾԭ, Ϊ֪, ȴ治֮£ʧٵǽֲǣǻˣô
ǣһң, Ц, Խ
, Ӷ֪, , һӦı, Ͳ䵽زң˵, ˿Цҡͷ㣬˵ıһոʤһգԼãȴֻὫŭйϣ
ΪΪܣΪȻ㰮ô˵¡гһգлҰѽһܹĿ࣬ҪٱԽ˵ţԽǼȻĿѣɤӣ˻ƵĺС
Ź۴˾һع̾˿ΪʹԸδˣпѺУȵһдá
ӶأҵӶģȻվָŽСˣòѾ
İɣһͻ˰һͷ١˵ԻźʳӣҪġ
ǡ޷ɿɨ˽һۣתعĺ𣿡
ǵֶҲŹ棬عҡͷܣµ֪
дǴ̫꣬ⱳĹݺݵһۣҧгݵ
𿩿Цţ⣬ͫоԳ
ȥعͷۣһַʾ˽Ѻߡ޵Ҳһһ£ƺԺво֡
ȥˡһңЦζǣҪȻ治֪ôճء
û°ɣңͷһ۽˿ڣĿ¶ɫ
ˡԣʱŤͷ
Խ˵Ҫȥһϯʼ䣬һ·Ҳûôͬ˿˵ңᵽˣر
С¡һЦ˵ЩʲôȴؿһʹŻһѪǰԵȥ
ңۼֿ죬æηȣȴһֱ̣㱻˴ƿһȴ˹ԲѵĽڻУмлôˣ
عʧɫæվ⺰죡ҽʦ
һʱæңҲ˲ᱧбȥıӰһۣȴδڡ
ȵһϣҹعҽʦͷһڴϣһɻ󽥽תΪȻ˵ͷ㼴ǰͰ˵ƹӣбʣδϣϷǵȥЩ£֪ɷҡ
ġͷһ
Ǿͺãлƹӡعһֳ֣Ƭ̣ϸ˿תõɫ˵ͷת߳ȥ
һԲŤͷ⣬ҹĻµͥԺǼԾᵽϴѪϢȻͷԾɻ˯Ľͷһˡ
û𣿡޷ǵĻ⴫
ŤͷһվſڣԾɫҡҡͷ
ңһ޷ǵ֣ݣߵǰ˿ڣȴҽʦ˵أ˵ָҪ̫ãֻǡʵ̫󣬹ƣŻˡ
Ҳ˵ûʲô󰭣޷ǵͷǾͺá
ڽĴڳ⣬ֶʱҲպãס˴ǰ֡ң£Ȼ
ϸˡվԶ˵ԵȷǸۡϻǸҵҩʹã뾡κϵˣȬҲصȵʱˣҲûȥˡ
˵ۣ޷ǶĻлɣô˵
ֻǡ˵ңףҡͷЦ΢΢࣬αʵô
⻰ƣ˵ɴͬ޷ǵҪߣҲõԸ𣬲ȻĻ
ףҺôҲסһʱգ¥ǣҲжݡͳУԶʵҩӦʹã
ȥҽʦңת˳ȥ
ΪĽӹҩ࣬޷ǳ֮ǰҲѯʹֽΣʹáϹȻʹ࣬Ҳֻаһ⣬ָֻǰ״ֻ̬һ̣ǵиҽʦɣԽع֪󣬱˳õҽʦΪϹǡ
ɽжӣ㲻ʹҲǳ̣ҽʦΪǽڣԭѳϵĲִ۶ϣ½ϣķһҹ۵ǺҲһδԣ˼̣Ƽ硣
ҹֱʮ³շתѡ֮󣬼пһˣջ֮ʱԺƺǰסԼ㶡˼ã´ƿ˳ȥʱѾ߸պöҩһߣæСܼ󺰵ӣӣȥѽ
ûѾߵĻԱͷȥ˿ʲôҲû룬ֻʶҪһ棬ڼԺ˵ЩʲôҲȫȻ֪
ϹؽӲգʱ˿ڷϢֻźɴһɻǰţƼǽסȻܿ㷴Ӧüۼ¶ϲɫûˣ
һСˣ£һ֣ͷƳɴ֣ʵ֡ʦܸҩѹͷˣ
һͷֻ룬ϴ˵ĻȷеʲôҲᣬҲǸۣԲ硭
Ȼʲôʱ˵ңΪ
ûϵһҧҧǣĿжǰ˻ԣҲţԡ
ǣ֣ûǸ˼²඼ˡҲûʲôáǰǻ˵Ѿϰٻȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷЦЩǿ
⸱ģ˵ЩʲôȴȻģһƬҡ
ʵ£˽㡣Ȼֻãܷʲô飬㶼ȥС飬Ҳ⡣롭Щȷ̫ˡ
ⷬĵ׺ӿһ˿Źֵζ˵ǿ֣ȴּдɬ˵ʹ࣬Ʋο⵱Уһ˵ζֻǰסǰ꣬һֱԶԶҪ뿪
ҡ˿ЩۣЪһ԰գ㼴˻طУš
ʼվſڣݣֻһ˲䣬Ȼܵ˱ʧСݹĸܣŻȣųصĲ߿߳ԺźԶԶС˸ھ޵ȼλֶߣæǰȥסˡ
ˣ޻ͷһл¶ο֮ɫǰͷúӣ£඼ˡҲûȥˡ
ˣæʵǻǡ
ܴáڽֵһ㸸׻û¾ء޵
ǡֶأʵ
вɱͬߣһŲеķֶ棬һ顣޵һΣ¥ҲСҲúڼ¥
ȻͷǡǶˡһˡġ
ʦǲǻ𣿡徭ڲ廰˵õҩǴģҩҽʦֲڣδԭҲ뿪
ˣҪòźãʡ
ȥš˵
ͷ˼ȵ뿪󣬷᷿ȥٽԺƼվڲԶ£˵Ц̳ȥ
˲ˣԼͬŤͷ޷Ǽɵģʵͺˣ
Ͳǰɣһۣ
û˵޷һ̯
֪Ҫȥ𣿡ʵ
һۣ㲻ڡţһ飺֪֪


206 . ļг
֪޷ǵ, ȥˣ
ôͻȻ͡ȻЩ޴룬˵Ҳõġ
ͻȻ𣿲Լߵ𣿡޷ǵ
ʲôʱˣǲ
ô밡ңŶ˵˰쳵ꤻ, ̲סڵ, Ѿ˵ڵĻ, ջɾˡ㵽ôģ
ô룿ʲôô룿ֻɶͷԣȻ¡
¸㿴, ǵ裿޷ʵ
Ȼˣ˵, ⲻǸгк, ҲԼæҡ
˵ô඼Ƿϻ, ͬ׷ǹ, ֲƤǽ, ˭һֱ޷ǵǰΪֲз, , ܿḴԭȬʲô
⡭ΪʲôǵҪ尡󣬡ǰҲסúúõ˵, , ٸ, Ҳûʲôˡ˵, ڲҲ𣿡
ߣ޷Ƕĳٶо, ңֱҪ߿
ңƵ˵˰, Ҳû, ʵȥһ˦֣ߵǰʲôأѣֻǸ£п޵ˣֻǡѵԼûоҲĹΪλһֱߣںδ벻Щ֮֮ȥ˭Ļأ
˵ˣʮˡ꣬죬˰Σһʣ
޷ǷҡͷԶԡ
ȻȻκϰ죬򣬵ͷԭ˼ô֪һ
Ҿһ仰㵽벻£޷ʵ
ȻˡüҸղŲ˵𣿡
Ҫ£Щͱ˵ңǷҪ˵ģɡ
⡭ֻô˵ãȻѣҡԣ£ҲᡭȥǡֻҪô˵أ
˵ţк⣬һ޷ǵĸ첲Ŀ̽ҡ
ʲô޷ǴȤʵ
ָָңôõĹﶼܹյ֣һа취
Ѱģ޷Ц⣬ָѧҲЩڵĶҪģ֪ﵽôġ
ɡԽãȻҲл˵
벻ͻȥ˯һ˯ˣˣ뵽ô˵ˡ޷ǰļȥͷһѣ
Ծ׹ȴӦǱųԺӡ޷ǳԺ̽ͷһԶ˿
ʲôڵĶң޷Ǳһƣʵ˵Ļûһʵ⣿
ҿûô˵޷ۼ˵Ļ˸ӣֻ޲Լϳһ⣬æҡͷɫ˵ֻѧ˵ƯԴ²棬뵽ĻҲδؾģ𣿡
ҾãҲ˵ˣôƫƫ£Ͳ֪ôأң
ҲԼûڵҪʲô
ǲСڵӣһ֣ȴδһԼҲ⡣صУشϿ˼ڤ룬ȴ֪˯˹ȥ
ǹˣ˵Ҳһ²ָֹܻ˺üգƺ࣬ȥҹأÿεԺ⣬ʹ˻ôػ˿һ£ȻʮĩۿƾҪԭԽҹڴշתߣȻɱȥ᷿һȷš
˭ڴ޷ţһǽҪźϣ˭֪ٶȱ࣬㽫ִȷ϶˹ȥסţһ˳
޷Ǳһģ±żסЩԵòվӣ̧ͷһҹϸÿһ£ŵҹģ㲻˯Ҹʲô
ƶˣҲܣڸ취벻ͱȥһץĸ첲ϴקԺʯԡ
Сѩʱڣ޷вȣֻһڱʯϣִУȥţСûƢ𣿡
ɳ㣬Ҳ֪ȥ˭תҽʦ˵ոһҩ⣬ܾͻߡ˵⡭
ֱͬ˵ϲͺ𣿡޷βѡ
ҲɿҡͷвУô˵ģ
Ҳˡ޷˵꣬Ҫߣȴһѹ˻
£˫ѹͷǿаʯϣɹһֺȻסɿ֣Բԣ⻰Ҫ˵ӦʲŶ԰˵꣬ȥңǰ
һյĹңҲѺţʯԵһʯ¡
ңǲηֱӱſʯ˫ۡۼҪ˯ţæаңͰ취òá
Ҿûôˡ޷Ƿҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ҳûа취ֱ˵ͺ𣿡ң˵꣬ſʯϡ
ڶ˶£Ĳɵǣãڿʵң룬㣬ʦҪߣô˵
ң˯ۣһûһĻ˴˵˾䣺ô޷ǣҪ߰
ʲôߣҡ޷˵ţȻƳ飬ֻת˻棬˵ǣҲ㣬߰ɡ
ߡңһ˵һ̲ס˸Ƿ
á޷Ӧţʯϣ˫ֺ£ֱŶͷ·ʱ˯ȥ
һʼڴľګֱʧ˶һԽ겻վ𱳹ȥҲûһܿסˡ˵ű뿪ȴȻסͷңʵղŶô˵ģ
ңңѾ˺һ˵ߡ
ߡĬһ飬˵ͷв֪ʲô߿
ʲô߰ģңȻ۽ƳԵ޷ǣס˫֣̾ǰ̽̽¶ȣֻ䲻ѣæ˫֣ģŹ˼𣿡
û£˾С޷۾ΣȴԾ˸硣
ˣȥңȻһЦһѽԣطС
˸Իݣһҹܿȥ
˵ڶ죬һ绹ʵͻȻġһʰװߵſڣȻͣ½ŲϤİһУ۵ˡ
ã¶ĿżԺʱȻ˻Ťͷһǽ
мˡߵǰһ죬ѡ
İԽ䡣
ڸʲô
ԭ˽ҹȥ֧е£ԽʵǷŲģ㲻Լͬ˸˿վݲǽһô׳£Ŷˡ
Ƽѵľٶʱ޷Ҳ̲סСʡ
ôǰҪһ𣿡ң˼顣
޷ǲסҡͷԴտҲ֪˵Щʲô
ľȻӽӹӣȻȥҪߣæһ˻ȥ᲻᲻ȫɣ
ͷһ죬ҡͷ˵أϵ·
һ·ʲôأҪǲıˣȥҲɰ
Ĳáѵ䵽˼㣬ÿ˵һֶѹ·ʱܿ޳
һԺȥ˵ҲϻͷվСԺУãȻߺһߣ
סŲ΢΢һ͡
һٶҲʵûϵӲ⻰ɵҲһ㶡
ѽҶ˵˲ߣôվأɿ̤鲽ǰ˫һչȥ
ΪΣ۵źɫʵ
ǲѽȥ
վ޷ǣԾסޱߵһɵСʵڲţǰŮ˾ʶ꣬һʦ㡣סޱȼ򵥵£Ҳܴһ㡣
ҪأҲִ
һֱͿУһɣҲ²͸Էʲô˼
εͷ϶ʲôûҪߵ˼ǡѽ¾ˣʲôУõŵжС
ʲôãȻ
ĿһȻ󲽿ǰȥһӵס
סһʱпտգʲôҲ˵
ʲôҰε֪⣬ǡ˾ɡ׾С㻹𣿡
ҡ˵ȴҡҡͷ


207 . 
, ң޷ҲʽعŮУعص˱һ磬, Ϊ˼С
ﲻص, ЦǺǿŽžƺһȦ, ڵߵ, ˴ſ㣬ͬɺ̸, û©Ϣ, ׽ˣࡣ
޷, ˮڡңյ, ߶Ŷ, м
ˡعٱЦ
ҪΪʮǰһսҲһСŻ¡ҡоյ, п, 궦ԭŴҲһ֣ţʣôЩ
ô˵ְԼںεأ޷üЦʡ
عҡͷһЦ, յ, ʱ, ЩС۽ɽׯ, ƫһ, ҲǡǡײȻԭȾͲ, ޳Թ, رӡǷģԨСΪΣϷ䲻ȴػ̹һӣ֪֮£Ʊػ֣úò¡
ˣ͸óˡңյоƣһЦҡͷһƺǧﲻ˵
µҲûʲô˵ġ޷ҡͷ̾ҲҪСѦδʲôˡ
˵ʲôһ㶣ͬѦкιϵ
¹ŮңǱŪڹƼӣȫһֿ׵ĵʯ
ɲô˵عǹ֮͸һս۽ɽׯׯ֮λĪ伣һɴǰɽׯΪլ
ߣ£֦ͬңиһ˿⡣
⻰˵ԽԽͿˣ׷ôãײʲôˣ
֪ʥŮʥŮǳ¹ӣʵĸס޷ǵŮΪЩȥŮӺͺӣȥ̣ܾĥȴѦΪŮ
һ⻰˲˾зɿһ˼ſ졣
˻棿ع󾪣ʵݣ
Ҫʵݣֺαص룿ңЦҡͷ
ˣ¿ɾʹˡعûͬ͸¶Щɣ
ңҡͷֻ˵˼䣬ʣµģԼɡ
ǵ˵ŮҲΪ常أɻ
嫳ĻӦǰ١ң˵ţͻȻعʵŮ
ֻ֪ع
Ͳ֪ˣЦʱ򣬵ųǵһˣκγ֮ƯŮˣҵʶ
޷ԣһЦȴ˵
⡮١е滰Щعء
滰ǡˡ޷ЦԴԳǸҵĿɡ԰գյƣ飬֪꣬ġ
˵Щˣƺٴθƣٱϵܣңʦףһ˳Σع̹;
޷չա
ͥԺϦ׹䣬ӽĹƣԡϯ䣬Ʊյҳֱڡ
ص᷿ңפͥУ̧ҹաǺ貣۵ȴιһ˿޵Ȼ
ң̾һתߵһǰʯ¡
޷Ƴ˾ԣ𣬴֦ͷҡҡ
ЩһֱûоʧȥʲôֱЩӣŽ¥ŮദȻң΢ЦԵ
޷Լ˼תͷ˫Ŀʵʹ
šңһףãʱ̫Сˣֻ֪ʱʹʱ䳤ˣʹҲܹҡҡֻǡ˵ҵĸܹһֱߵ죬ڵңֻʲôģ
޷գĬ
ãһŻڣȥﵽѰң˵ɽнأϣִܳȡȥص·ϣ˵¡
˶٣ּ˵˵СǱϰ䣬ҲǺܶࡣʹǹʦʱߣϤָ顣
˵ţ΢һĨɬЦ⣬תͷңҹɰкܶʱߡҲһǰݵЩӣҲϲܣǣ첻żҡ֪븸ֻܹʣôꡭұ޲ûص꣬ҸӣԼ˩ߡ
ǹ⽥Ĺ⣬Ҳȥңӣظеһ㱡
һΣʹǰͬзӶģΪܵ˻ǿ񣬳԰ο
ʧȥ˵ʹ࣬ԣҲͬĵۣһ޾ᣬֻӿǰһչ¶ʼղȬģڵѪ˿ڣ˶ûںͻԨУܾĥ
վڹˣܻ˴ΪеáֻҲԶ١ⲻ֪һ˿ڣͷԼеůȼâҫˡ
ߵˣô˭أ
ңȻ˵ЩҴС󣬿⳾ˣ룬Уз糾ƣغƴ٣УҲֻϣͨ쳹صͣοз糾
ϻ᲻һˣԣΪȾΪκԼϣĸԸΪͿء
ǰǧ磬Ҳеһɳں嫳Ư崡
γƹ⣿Ϊһƹ⣬۵ҡɽ
ǺεȵΪԴͷôܹһδλıӻ£꣬ƣ
ҹСң֣ݲǽͷԺĻ԰˼仨ľ£һǰǳսˣѴ꣬˰ԺӵĿյأٴ֮£԰ֲ֮ţаӡ
޷ǲ⣬ʰ֦ЦŽӹ֮Ϊƽȵݳ
ңĿ֦ʰʱǳһɲ֪ͻȻͶˡƲȥϵİؿ֦бӭʽĸɿ֦ƽһ˿Ȼ֮⣬ںм
罣һʽΣ¥ϣէ棬нȴ磬ˮֱ
ңӯӯһ⡣
ǰ꣬绪˫ˣǣ׷Ѱµһƴ磬ɽּ䣬ʹ࣬ȾһȪ
һ̣ǿͷ糾ƣģȻԷԽɽɶ֮ԣһԶ
ĶЦ֦ɨʹеġ塱һУն֮ƣ羪衣
һ֣࣬Էǵտ⣬֮ڣҲ¡
޷ǣıǿˣңϲЦտʤ֮ģ䲻ԸʾˣȴҲ仯ǷĵΪϲ
޷ǵһЦֻµķҲˣǳȴŻ⣬һů⡣ң¶кЩӲˣֻƥķâΨŻȥķ˪ҷ
ɡ֣˿֦һѽ뻳У˫Ŀ΢أ㣬ãЦá
һֹҲƳУΪѵõİй⾰ɫʡ
ҹɫ˻ص᷿ǰСԺʯǰǺӵкͥԺ
ңб޷ǼͷųˮӰӳǹ⣬Ȼ̧ۣʵһǾҪˣʲô㣿
Ըһ𣿡޷ǴǶԳγӣҹ֮£òɷһ˲漴Цʣһûݹˡ
ңȻͷ
ֻãչյɽɵӣĹޱһѩǽͷҲҲˣӴ˹أɢ١
ʹ
ѩɽУѩɽңǹ죬Ҳߵߡ
ѹôʱ㶼һ޷
ôԶʶģգңұֻǲʶǳˡ
޷֣΢Цԡ
©纮
ÿһء
뿪¥ֱݶȥĹѨݳǽһεķˮأ˼ɻƣѵ˶£ȴɡ
޷ǶĹǰϤɨȥմȾĳжȴһ͡
ôˣңʵ
ϻ⣬ǹʹɽǼ졣޷ǵһˣϵĻҳֻô˵ţָĨһѱϸ
ɲҲǸʱеļ˶ǲɢ𣿻˭ң
ǡ޷һµڣʱӦࡣ
˵嫳ңһ㶡
޷ˢվϷɿϲϼңһҪô¡
ͬȥң
ݵݣԼĪİҹ·ձ⣬Сİ׽Ӵ˶ˣֻ˵ڱչء޷ȴʣֻվԺУңңؽõԡ
Сʦ֪һգΪλ飿ңİʩʵ
·˪֮ԩİ׵ϣ˼ԩȻ顣
˲ڿң䣬ʱ뵱ʱǳϵϴʦá嫳ңҲ
ӷ𡣡İ˫ƺʮĿ
Ź³˽оޣҲ֮ܿܿһСϲܾ޷ǻĿƿתİףɫᶨת淽ɴʦչضã¶һֱڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡
İײɫԾɽ˽ȥɨޡ
ʱ֣Ϧգڰϼ⣬û
޷ִһ㣬ǰò
ʩİײ֪ʱƹ
޷һףȴػ
ִ絶²ҩİ׵
֪Σô£޷ǵ
²̫ԵƱ羡İ׵
ҲǸӣֻ࣬ڴˣ޷ǻ㹩¯Բơɾ͹ʣ֪뷨ѡ
ӷ𡣡İ׺ơ
޷תߵİ׸ǰ˫ƺʮһֱСת淽ɣԱ𡣷𲻶ңҵԶɣ
ʩʹ࣬ʩ֪𣿡İʵ

ԣ
һ漰ͦһ
ԲǾ䣬˵һоˣǲ뿪䣬Ϊ뿪Ͳо뿪վͲᡣ
Աûģɲ޳
˵ǷǻҪ˿⣬֪˼
Ȼ˵꣬ˡ


208 . ;·
, ̴ơ
޷ңϣϡİ׻ϲˮ, ת˳ȥ
ԼĪ, ʩ, Ҫϣһ¡
˵ʮǰ, ʧµİʩµȥ, ҵʩɲ, ֪Ǻӵĸ˭ʩԸˣֲ, Ǻ, ֻʩ֪
϶˶, ּ˵ֹһӣʩķŮȺº, ȴ⵽ͻϮΪճȫ֮, ԼĺӣŮģ׷ɱɥ֡
޷⻰͵һ
, ŮΪ׷ɱ, ֪ȥ˺δʩҲӡ֪鲢ûн, һǲɢ, Ϊƺ׼
ϼ˵ʩԭҲŮ, ԭɪ, ҲһԼżƫǲɢ, ˳˷磬ʩĻȥȴԸúź֮ðաϾ֣źӣһȥ
¯̴ȼζδɢ
һ𣬱ʮꡣڼʩʧٺɥ˷롣ϼ˵ȥĩʩҵĸŮ˭֪δ˵һžۣĸŮ˱㱻̵лɸ׽ȥвʩҪڲ塣
޷ǵͷŵƻ·ëߵţ顣
һ飬һ壬ʩ޷ᣬֻΥģȴøĽ֡ϵ֪ŮѱһƣȲˣֲ塣³ңĽڣ˴иᣬлٻһס
¾㵻棬֪Ψбηֻõ˵𡣺գʩϳƾ֣Ȼֻ뻤Ҳס
˻ңɻʣ뷽ɴʦһ
ʩнᣬаʧġʹȥŮ°в֮ʣһ˽ģҪɢλ
˵ţ˫ƺʮӷ𡱣˵ʩĻ壬ҲаʩоԸ÷汣ӣףλպƽ˳죬ɹѹء
лʦң⻰Թƣʩ
ԣһΪңΪҸףһɱ޷ǺȻһЦԳݣģʹࡣ
޷ǡң㣬һʱۡ
Ҹȡɼϣһò̡޷ҡͷȴȻ̧ͷֱϣʵŮҺθɣƾʲôںҪ
ԣƳ̾
㲻ŮأҲ󲻹ϵΡ޷ǵοҪ嫳£͸ðûУ
룬ȥ꣬ǲΪκζҪԼࡣ嫳ΪηҪһ٣Լһ˵ȥ
ӣڰʼƽ̨ƻҡΣɫȴްֶݡ
֮ˣĴԿգ֮ˮļ棬ƽ
޷֪ʧ̬ͷƽã͡Ƭ̣ǰɮ˸ַŵ滺վٶʩС
ңǰȴܿ
ҹգƵ
ң߳ǰųصĲȻ¹£æ׷ȥ
ʲôΪҺõţԹԵΪһм𣿡޷ĽŲȴδͷֻãȻʵ
˱ǲͬģѡ񡣡ңο
ҪʲôҲҵ£˽࣬޷ǻͷӨ˸
ʢ˥裬ҿӯ飬Ӳһ˶һ˶ѡȥңֺαظԼͽգ
ҲɱʣȴҶ޷һƾʲôƾʲôȫ֪飬ȴҪǸιһӣ
޷ǡңʹ࣬Ҳܣǰӵ
δܾȴʬ⣬ֻããȻ֣һ뿪Ժ
ٻݣ֮ĹһľλͷļǹУ߲ݣδգص
䲻ҹǰ㺮䣬ڶ£ϣҲ쬵ġ
޷ǹĹǰʳһ
ңҲֻܾǹһȴѵѵϥʹֻû˸һ仰Ҳ˵
䵽ͷб
ңϰΪʲô޷ǺȻʵ
Ϊѧңȣ
޷һ㶣ͷֻ
԰ң⻹𣿡
ǡѧԺʲô㣿޷ãȻ۵ӡ
ϰֹ֮ϲȥѧѧ˾ҪѧãһУܣáң
ش޷ǾȲѡ
⵱⣬򵥵ɡ
̫ˡҡͷЦԭΪִߣֱӵɡǡ
ΪʲôأңµֻҪΪˡˣɣ޸ߵ֮֡ûһգϻ׷ȥɽǴұˣɷҲܽˡ
ôˡ޷ҡͷЦԽȻܱϡʲôûѺˣֺεºܣԡ
ң˺һͻȻһ˵Ҽǵǰ˵Ʒ
޷һ㶣ʲô
˵в֪ΪߣȴҪ࣬˵ǲΡңһͷ˵
⡭޷һʱԶԡ
˵һƷժˡң˼Ҳô˵ȻҲеϸ룬ԽĻʺ񣬲Խ׵ֲɡ
޷Ȼ
һϯȻһҲˣеģֻʡ
ʣ֮լҲ壬֮·Ҳң˵;ҪǵıĻʺǺѽ֮ˣͲֵñϲƴ
ң޷ǻ㱻عζܵʯȴԼΪ̫ã֪ʧһȥΪǱ
ң㣬һЦַŵվ֡
ӽϼ뵿һƬƵů⡣
һ̣޷ǻл㱣ֻԼƼ·Ů˺ðŻ
Ҷˡң΢΢Ʋ죬˵
޷ǻعչüĿס֡ңһѣȴ飬վȣײ˹
޷ۼֿ죬һһֻѸٱסһɣסΣûе
Բ𡭡޷ǵͷǼңǰ˵㵣ˡ
ˡңݸû¾ͺá
ԭЪһֱϦɽЯ뿪һƫƧʳù󣬱լ
޷ǣңִȣլһѷڣһľ󣬸ڹһ
ңһԿţ䲻ô£ȴҲȻһϸ΢ġડ죬㿴ľ󷽵ĵϴһţ¶һչʯס

ԣ
ʵǱңңȷǷǻ ԺԲľ˵̬ҲȻͬ ʣ֮լҲ壬֮·Ҳԡӡ߾ ¦  ʮ  


209 . ɽȪˮ
޷ȡ۴, ң֣
ң¶΢Цһ, ֪ıȥ̫ˮ, , ӺͤСʱΡ
ͬˣͬľٶ, ͬЦ⣬ֻ˫, ֪˼Ʒ˪
, ǰ§ĸ첲ԡ
޷ѵü֮, ֮ܳһ, ͷ˿
ңȴ˵, ֻ̨·ȥ
ʮ̨ףİűйرաңͷһ, ΢΢ü, ȴδ˵
ˣ޷Цʡ
㶼û߹ңлиĵطң
ңΪˮ, ٿԴ¡ȥǲɢǰ, ר̴ɨ޷һ, һ˵
֪óңʵ
޷һ, ǳʵ, ò
ңյͷ, , ̽ͷ¿һۣʵصȻôҪ߶ܵ
ʮ弶̨ף˴롣޷Ǹ߾лֻۣʣʮ̨ףս֣ӿŲСȥ̤ƽء
㲻ҹɣңһۣȤʵ
ҿûⱾ¡޷ЦҪͷֻ»ȫʬ
԰գɿң֣ǽڣıڵƻһյյܿ죬һɼĿұǰ˼δ̵һӦȫɨøɾֻ࣬һ㱡ҡ
ʮ弶̨ף¥ôߣңָָϷɿ߶ȣֻһ㡣
޷Ǳ˵˺֮ģ̧ͷһ˵ͷ˼ΪصԽԽ״ȥ
𣿡ңһüҡͷ߿
޷ɨ㣬򵥽ҴɨһŤͷƳңѿһŹ˯˹ȥ¶Ц⡣
䲻⣬ȴůһôң˯˺üʱתѣȴ޷Ǳأһ߳Сľȥضꡣ
ôСǸõİɣңʵ
Сʱõľ޷˵ţ㽫ľ˹
ңе˵ַ£ʵĺ˵᲻̫ˣ
Ǿ罣Ĺڡ޷ǵأʽᣬͬɳݶһ
׽ѧ֮ʱһࡣң˵ţȻղŻҡ
޷һףСʱ̰棬Ըϰ䣬ǺΪ˶ᣬſŻҵʱҵ˵ߣҪú䡣¶ҲǴӦ˭֪ûãȥ꣬漸Ĵա
ң˵紺֮ˮ
ʱһֱΪҪôֱϷ˵ЩܣֲܸˣҲܸߵʱǸӵңԲѡ·Լҵࡣ޷˵ţҡͷЦϧģֱղס
ΪֹõϢܹƴճģӦǵ¼ȫòңŮһˣΪһ棬֪飬˱Ѧ׷ɱٺⳡյݡ
ҵ꣬ѦѲټ޷ǵΪβ۽ɽׯú⾫ƴĳɹҪѡ
ɱ˻ûɱɾй˼ɣֻܶڰУң˼
ǰɡ޷ǲԾһ̾
⼸᲻񡣡ңգ£һţҲΣס˫Ƥ˵п࣬˵ء
Ǳˣ޷ҡͷЦпɫ˵öˣֻų򡣡
˵˵ң§ĲӣҶҲûκֻһܿǡãһˡ
޷Ǳͷһ⻰ۿӣǿ˹ǣЦֻǾã²׷ڵ̫࣬ǰ·ҲãһƬͨ·ΪһжץУȴɳּɢս©ôԡ
ɼʹˣ·Ҳֻȥ𣿡ң˵ţ΢΢һġ
һʱ鶯ϣһȴδݣֻǽͷ˯ȥ
˵֪ηңףԼǻѪԴڡ
ǰȴͬδڵͣȻ²ɣǲĵ·ͷЩʲô
ȻȻһֱߵա
˫ֻӵŹ齣ϷͰüԽ
޷ҲǲԼǼʱ˯ȥģֻ֪֮ʱѲϣϣ̧ͷʵڸ
£㿴ңϣϷľ壬˯ô죬û㡣
޷һʱƿԡ
ңԣԾһϣߵϷľ壬տԼл
޷⶯ɴ˫ۡ
ĵġң޷һ֣
޷һ沽Ծԣѧģϱߵľ壬ȴ˹գգ۵ڴô꣬û𣿡
ûС޷ҡͷͨҲû˻ⷽ롣㻹ǵһ
ǻ᲻ʲôңЦʡ
ȷʵеŹ֡ṹҲú˵ʲô޷˼
ңϣ˫ľ϶һָ׺ȻǶһ졣æ֣ȴָױľƬȥһأЩƤ⡣
㵱ġ޷СĲ鿴һȷްŷ£ִţֻһѰ
û⵱£˭֪һȦ󣬾εĽ﷢һŽƿȻͷһ֨֨죬Ȼ̧ͷһѻұ
޷ʶңڻ̧һֻƼϷһ߼Сţлһ¥ݣ֪ͨδ
⻹ǡ޷ǼһĻ첻ѡͷ˿ҳңʶĨһѡ
ң̧֮ʱʯҷָۣõ龰
һ⣬¶Ц˫֣мָϵĻҳۼƻèĺһ㡣
޷ǱܣȴûܶҡͷһЦ֣ۣһһϸ̨ס
̨ײߣȴµĵذһ࣬տҲ
˼Ѳ֪˶꣬źĻҳﲼ֩
û𣿡ң޷ȣʵ
޷ãȻҡͷҿҲûк
ôиң̨ɽһػЩϸ΢ΪУƳڵǽ棬ض߶ߵλиһָϸСףüͷ
޷ѭָķһۣŻϸ쿴Сڲȴа͹ƽһס
ףǱضԿסԿֲأ
ңɿ֣ߵҸУͷϸֻý±ҳڸǵĵذƺֻýɨҳ޷нӹһգֻƼһڵϣϷһֻѥӣűһ
⻭ˡŵλãôЩǡƱͼең΢΢ü
ʷ黻ѥӡ޷һ֧򢣬ͷŻһ˼һ˵Ҳ˵֪һѦɽ
Ҽǵĺǡѣض﷽գһʷ˺
ңδ䣬ý´һડ죬æ˿һֻƼһĵذѿһ񣬵аһһľ
ʲô޷㶣ʰǶľзȥؿ
滹жңȥϷȴ̲ѸɺԵĳ¾ἣһףһ졣
ǵһ󣿡޷üһããأֹ֪ѭܶʼ
˵⻰һ⡱ĶЯ߽һֻǽֿһһƤֽóһȴϱһƬհס
ʲô˼ң˶ƤֽԾɿк쳣
ܲй¶ɡ޷˵һȴһ֨ѽ졣
ŵػعͷȥȴԿ׿׵ϷһƴСţҡŷ֨ѽ֨ѽǰһƼһԲͷϸԿС
۲ô֣ҵҲ̫ˣ޷óԿףһףһҵʲô𣿡
תԿףһ죬ֿ࣬һţƿһ߾һҡ
޷һʱԣңһͬ˽ȥŻ۵ĹҲ
˾淢֣ھ˾ӣƾһ΢⣬Կеӳӳ
СУһصľܣľܴҹߵͲͬĸ壬ÿ϶һֻСףֻСʢˮӨ͸ˮϸܴţۣܵˮѭֹ
ʲô޷ǳɵۡ
ϸľң͵Ǹˮ׺߻һֻ״Сƿľһװľʯҷۡ
ѵҪȥ޷ò׼⣬ңһۣȴһ̯ҡҡͷ
룬㽫ƿʯҵһֻˮˮڣֹֽסԾûκת䣬Ŵ죺Ĳˣң
룬ߵˣ϶ʲôûֵġң˿Ƥֽֿ˿Ǽֻ·ڳСˮܵСףгй¶й¶пף©𣿡
޷üһɴ۳˵ͬϴεżһ
Ҳֻǲ²£Ҫԣңʵ
޷һףнӹƤֽУȻãҲֽкα仯ҡҡͷʯҷۡŷŵ̫ˡ
⻹Сң𣬻лһƿʯҷۣǰҶģæ˳ݵ޷С
޷ǿƿʯҷۣϻڶִʱΣһʱٸнȴǿ򶨣ƿеʯҷ۵װƤֽĸڡ
ˮٴηƤֽȻ¶ּȴһЩȫĹŹַšδⱻˮˣ޷ȡХ£Ƥֽ˶Ҳ鿴һֻֽűмС֣گʥ̡
ʲôʥ̣ңʵ
޷룬벻
ǣͬʲôأң
ô࣬ȳȥ˵޷ǾƤֽǣңִӸ뿪

ԣ
õļƱͼĶ˽ͣͲ˹ 𽥿ʼ̹Ůĳˡ


210 . ¹
뿪ݺ, 価ټȴھһСʱϳ
Ϣֶߣòٽʿ, ֻܻ·, ݷС
, ڣǽʼءΪ׷, ߲ݣһ˶յ·, ʵھ, Ѱ˴Ъš
˭֪ˮźһ, һﲻ֮͡лʮҶɽׯĵ, Χ£
ʩׯ, ޷һüвյ, ĵ, ô˼ϣôûղʲôͷ
ɢյиĭƮϿСлָ, ôŻָָѩ׵ĸĭ, ΢, ҿҲ, ֪, , Ȳ衣
ʲô£޷۵, УҲǰͣ
Բӣл棬ԳսѹɤϵĻ£޹¡֪ջˮ֣дͣ
޷ջˮ⼸֣ɫʱȥ𷽲ŷµĲյȥиĭˮ⾢֮£Ϊâֱлš
лۼˣ˵ƣ󡣡
һָ粨ΰӿǰĲΧ
ڵ˼̣ʳæߣЩ˶δѾˡڵƹͻҲ׷׶
죬ΧȺˣϷƵģлӳһߣԼָ͸⡣
Ϊ˿Слҡȵλúܰɡ԰գЦţűߡ
ν˿СָıЩӲޱȣȴӯȴ߹һ
ңһֱġ磬ס񳾡
ڣռСʩչ̤¡ҲӲƴֻ΢΢ܿ˻Ŀ֮յ֡
ۼ񳾱˦ɳȥڵϣ޷лɼͬʱ¶֮ɫ
ĳʦûѵЩˣлˡ
ң԰գٿȻ˫ѱٶһһ
Ϣһʮ᲻ڻ¡Щ֮󣬵׶ЩආġϢھԵ֮£ʱ㱻˹ǶҲ򻢿Ѷѡ
Źֱȥڷλָպԣֱӱ㱻򢣬ֱηɳأˤͷѪ
־һܿ㲹ȱλٶȻӳ
޷Ǽ״ǰ｣ɨХʹžײϵĲڶһ
ۡ޷Ǹ
ңĿɿɨ˵ȣһպʮͬһ˷ʮһӰӣÿ˵ĶַһģһԷֱ档
ͽתŲڣȴЩ˷ʹǰǰͬʽ
ֻһһ㣬ŤڵצεۻҡķҲ֪ͽһмԼĪߵλãһšӴֻš״
ʲô֡л˫ۣȻǰһĻš
һ˼ңҲʹȥ˱󷨽˸߰㡣
лһ£˷ɿ˳ͣҲΪյңʮһУиΪݵģʽԱ˿Щ趯䣬ͬ
ۣݲϣȴ׷ҵ˻㵼䣬кȻһ޷ǵХ¡
㵱ġңС˵꣬̾ٽݲ̶ͦһУȻţֻһ󡰶ॡ죬ХһתŹԽЩϽУ˫ȷ߶֮ؿڣ߷ɶ˺ֽһƮ׹ء
ȱʧ󷨵Ǽң޷׼ʱݲн˸ң˺һȱڣݲԾ漴ʰڵϵ񳾣Եлɡ
⡰˿С㲻öô󷨣ȴģԳ֮սΧ䵥֣ٷò־ܡ
֮ȴˣΧˣǵʿУѵһķëǣôһСڴˣЦ
л书ͲãӦ˼б׳һʯҷۣݲȥ
޷зȻһִȣһչ￪׻ңһ˿һҲδմ
˵ȼ״ɿߡңߵ޷ԣطӣüͷԽԽȻðһ䣺Ҳ̫Լ˰ɣ
ңӹӣֻͼһһ£ϸòлһ޶
żʫǻǰ֮Ҫôǡǡۡݰסһ֮ʣԸΪ⣬ǡǧɡ
컹ӣǷӱɵӡңҡͷ̾⸱׻˼ɡȥѶΡ
ôԼȣ޷̧̫̿ˡ
ǡҲңüһЦӣ˲ϻǰڲˣʵڻ
û˾ͺá޷˵ţ㼴ӳȥ֮ǰ¼Ϊε⳥
˱һ·Ҳ׷һ·ݳڣֱס䣬ɽУǲʤ
޷ȷʪֱַСǱΪγֵöЩȴ֪кδ࣬ôճȥͬЩݵĽʿɢ
ڴʱԶС߳һʶӣ֣һдšԬֵơ
ʶһۣ˳ӿڵ׷ߵĿյ˽ŲһСһǰڻЦϸ֮£֪Ǽ¥
¿Ԭˣңʩòʵ
ǣӻԬߣŶλڴ˸ӦҲԬźõġ
δ֪ı£ңһ޷һۣͷһ˴ӺŽԺӡ
˲²ⲻ˵ع洦ڻ֡ǸˣȣܿЩݺݺ࣬ƫԺһ᷿ڣֻԬˮһŨޣȴֻŵױС
һ˽վ޷һѽѽűӭ˫գȻǺ񰡣ֱһģһСǳŮϣûٺж
Ȼ޷Ǳ˺󣬱ܿһ˫֣ʵǡ
˼ңСﻹԱءԬˮ˫ָߵ˸ǰһʾ·С£һǺЦֶλ޷ĸһʣϧʱӢмֻҴһ棬޻طꡣ
⼸̽˳һ˵Ϣպڴ˸Χ׷½أ˴˾֣Щʿ֧
лԬ޷ǹл
񣬡ԬˮֺǺǵƽ£ұˣ˵
޷ϲ̽ȥϲˮЦڶ˶£һ޷ǣһңЦԽϲðһˡϧЩħֲʶȤƤҩƵĸںͷɨˡ
лˡ޷һͷĿл
Ӵ⺢ӽ̵ãһҲ糾ˡ޷ϲɫתңѽСһӣ¥ʣ˼ĳ˼̫ˣһģÿˣ㻶ϲﰡɲϹ⡣
˵ȥˡңЦ˺ƺÿֲͣһ鷳ݣңлأ뷨
ǸϲѾͷ޷ڿڣͶ㴦͸¶ŷ飬Ԭ˵ѽ񽭺ϵˣ˵ǸŮŮŮɣã˼һô׷ɱ㣬ͺǺ˵˵أ
̫ӣһʱ˵ףңҡҡͷǱҵЩȥگѰȴЩסŲòƵС
ͦ鷳ס£޷˵꣬оȻ֮ɫЦ£ҿĶң˭Ϊǣ
Ԭˮƺδеǰ㿪ڵЩ꣬޷Ǵ˼仨Цӭˣƣ뷦ζΪѡұóЩǮƣ¥
ѽԬ磬޷ҸһеģҲȥñĵطͰЩò˫Ļֻգ
Щ갡ҲͬһЩ˴ѧ˵հ䲻ͣôʹ¥ЩСƮµĹˡöǰµŮƵģòҲݡ
޷ϲֲϲƼ֮ӣϲ˵ͣ˵˻ԬˮڵֶǸոպáҪǸˣͬҲЩϵ
˻޷ǲ⡣
˵֮к棬Ҳ֪˭ȸ֣ܱ˹飬˭֪һ治ˣԬˮ׷ȥ֮ˣ˵Ҳʮȥ½ٲ֥ȫЩġиˣͣԳһˣл
д£޷üһʲôͷ
ţƤͷ޷ʳָڴߣΪڳѣ˭֪ôһӣֻǣԼ򲻿ҿţ͵ġ
ǡںδ޷Ǻʵ
Ҵ̽أͣƺһֱӢòƵŮӣΪԲһΰɡұųȥ˵ӢŮӣ¥ڣ˶ã˶Լҹ޷
ǣһ𣿡ңʵ
Ҫ޷һֵͬԬˣ跨׽ٱ˵ʵ˭ԼҪñװҼҰ׽ôҲˡ
ңһɣԡڡ
ѽҸǰס¡޷վǿʱֻкԺмƫպÿţЩƣƽʱǽܻᾭǶǲɣ


211 . ʱ˥Ū
, ³Ӱء
ʱ֣¥ż, һŶɫ, žײ֦ȹŮһֻɫֽ, һ֧ʣʼպŲī, ڵֽϵ֦һ使εһ
㣬ǸˡһѾߴŮƿ˽, , 軭Ů˵˵Ҫ㲻, ô϶ϲߡ
ʲôΪ, ͷҲû̧һ¡
㻹Ըʱֶ㶯ֶŵġѾС档
, ǳ뷹ģʲôܹȥ, ΨܶԿ˦ӡ», תߵݽһŰԣµλ, Ĳ˵, 󷽡ŵ, ȥɡ
, ֻת߳šҲóһֻ񻨾ƺ, ʢ, ںյ, ȡ
һȣһİ֣ͷӽݡ
ˡӵ˸
ϣﰡϻؿ񣬽רⲻǵġڨڨ˵ţߵǰ£һ˫̶۷ɿɫеáãѣǳĵš
°ɡһֿ˿ӣ룬
ղãΣһ˵ţһϵľƺյǼţ֮״㣬㣬¥ֲ˼񰡡
˵Цˣȥ˵ţ㼴ȥڷľԣ»á
Ƴֿۣ˿ӣԥǷҪ£ûȫתȥպƳӴǶִһİɫĩһԵ˽ȥ
ʲôָȵ
ʲôʲôӻæֽ뻳ѸٸϾƺĸǶŻ棬ͷһۣأô
ҡ㡭ղ߷ʲôɿȥԣҪƺȴһƿ
ʲôҷ˶˵˵Ӽɻתָϻؾ㣬ӡ뵷ңѾͷʲô
°ɣзִ硣
ۼֽΨǻƢһʲôͻ˾֪Ͼһ磬޷ص¥Ĺǣ˵ЩرİţΣҲãǮҲգǧκοͻ
ѽ㣬˵һ뵽޷ֻǿѻ˻ȥ𿪡ֱӱ㽫Ƶһԣյһߡ
ѾͷҵľƸʲôӰβ׷
ˣæǰƲãȥ˰ɡҲġ¥͸˵ϡ
ͷſˣһͷǺҩľƣ𼱻ǴȣԺȥ
ͬʱһͷӴʮƺƵ¥״ǰ˽
޷˿̾ڴ֮УӽѸٴһ۵׻ιһ˲Ȼȴֺܿȥ
һȺˣǶضյĵ͡ԭļƻҸպõͷ棬ż䣬Ԭˮл棬סʻ˭֪ȴ׼Ƶģô
ӴλѰģҲģ޷Ǿþɳ֣ŤˣŲæӭȥ
˵ﻰӵȻҪѰֵġͺٺЩʵǲ̫ƽв֪飬ҪӵⲻĶôˡ
˵λˣòФƵڽĵһ˶Ӣ˶Ķأƣ
ӢǾӣ£ǽ˽ⲢڳЩţҲͺһƫͷۣҲ¡ο˻һﻤһ㲻ǡ
޷зɿ⣬һԵѾ϶ʹ˸ɫʾȥмų档
϶⣬̱˳ãںԺɨѾ߶ԣһǰȥЩºͷȴƳһƣɿȥԶԶ֡
˭֪һҪľƸˣûĻǾȥֻ̣ƺȥˮ㱻һֻһԣǽ׷˵϶ʲôﺰǹȥء
ȥĶʲô𣿡
֪иֵ˴һ˴˽˵һѹֻҪ£ͬȥ϶˵ţ߶ʮһ˳ȥһ곤Ѿ߲
粽㣿϶ͷ㶣㡭
˵ˣû¡ȥɣｻңȰٺÿˡЦ
϶ͷǰȥ
з粵Ѿߣԭ޷ⰲںԺչ˼λ˵֮һ޷İţȥȥȡһҩơ
ԭ޷ǰȰ棬δȫȹ˱Ѱˣ˺ҹָ͵ҹ˯
¥ﲻٹ麮޷صѰ˸ƫһֽů㡱ҩƣһŴ£㱸һں粶ȥ͸סںԺˡ
Ǿʢú󣬱ڼϣ¥õĶͬһҵƵĺ޷ص˽Ƶȥڣõǰˡ
˭֪ȴ˺ͬľƻصָ۵λá飬ճҲ⡰ů㡱ơ粼Ǻƣδ룬ֻ˲ｦϵľձȥͷ
޷򺮼֮ʣʱԾڴϣ޾ɷŶͷ
ңŽ˾ƣ粵л߿ʢžƺյ̷ϡ޷ҲӲ˴齣һţǳһߵ¡
ôģҪȳӡңһյƣݵУһȤҿɲȳӴһ𡣡
ҿɵõģȻû׼ۣҲˡ޷ҡͷЦţӹƺᣬ΢΢üôһɹζ
ҲҩǲʲôӰɣңδ⣬ֻһ
ͷĶ㶼𣿡޷յоƵǸͣѵˡ
ԬǵİŰɡңνҪ֪ԼհĽ֮˻иӣǵɡһΪͬǽϾɾ͵òʧˡ
޷ҡͷ̾ƺ˱ƣһڹ¡ƷʵڽͷֻۣſЩʹѹȥ˺ü
˭֪ˮ¶ǣȵ֮вźתЩȴȻһĸо֪һȥſѪõߵӿС
ʧɫ򣬵˾յҲҶ࿴һԵңȥ
з֮ʵڴ˼䵽ǿͣҩľˮʧҸ޵׶ȥҲġ
ôˣңֻ˾ʵЩĪǰȴƿ


212 . ԧ
һ, ͻȻ˴³ľٶֱңͷԡ
µ޷ѹ˲ЩֻҸط, Ѳҩľˮ³
Ȼ¥Ժʵڴú, Ĵ԰־, ޴ȥɱǧˣΪЩ, ССһһҩ޷ϰ֮, Ϣ, ǵѪ, ɡ
ֻ䡢֫ظ֮, һʱ, Щˤֻ֮䣬ֻñסͥһ, ͷʺ, ͼˮŻͷٱ͹֦סѣͷ˿磬һ, ƷʹʩƵ, , 
ң׷ĽŲ, ʶҪǰ
޷ԶԶӰ, æ, ȴ鼱ʯ, һЩˤ
㵱ĵ㡣ңһ汼ǰһʵ㵽ôˣ
߿޷ҩϮҲʮһǼ⴫㣬ϤܽϢŮ㣬һʱ֮ԳԽԳ֡
޼ⱻҩ߷ʱ˼ֻ޲һưԼǸ顣
¥֮ڣҩ¥ĹղҲ벻ףġơڴ˵ء
ңϴ󾢣ŻЩˮҩЧȻ͸ǣִȫ³ˮܽ£
ңô£ʹۣ࣬㲻ӱܣǰ
ƫɴʱ͵Ļ˹ǷңһһҵﲻɡѽС˶˼ҹС˶Ķء
޷üһʶͷһۣպÿǷͷĵվԺڡģӴ˿ֻһ£Ա֮ͷɢźᣬƲǸˡ
ǵͼ۱Ʒ˹Ƶģ̰ȳ
ңԴ˵η壬ֻǾ޷ǣڴˣͷȥ޷Ǳҩߵụ̂ȵûôˣҪѹҩ߷Ծɵײײ߲ƽȡ
߰˶ͼѼӳ˳򣬾ҪߣϰݣԾ׷ţ˼ľԽԽ
ɲ顣޷ơʱ޷պõ˺ǵû£ԶԸȻǿƭɣ跨ЩɺҩҲǺõģ˭֪˺ţȴԼ׼ľˮڸ¡
ķ£Լˮȥͷɵ⣬ȴŴ󿪣䲻֪ô£˽ȥڿտҲϻһƣ֪Ѿ߶˴ˣҩơ
޷õġơϰţ̱
ڻ꣬ԴζΪУܿôһ£šơ߳ȥѰˣպƼ׷ˣ̱ǰȥ
ңǰΧæ㽫˷طȥ˭֪һϷţѱȵǸǡ
ʲôظʲôأ޷˦һѾƺþˮڸǰһߣָŵ͵ҴҵĹûôף
ϼţɾͲˣصл󣬳ֻ֣̬߰ŵⲻģǸ˶ߣôˣܽӿͣʲôͬĸͻְɣ
ٺ˵˵һ䣬Ҿ˰ȥ޷ˤ˾ƺָСѾͷӲʣϢôˣ㻹ԼүˣûУĹղ˵ЩHŲҽ˴㣿
ͻҪ˵ȴ˵Ļ֣²ɲ֮ģչܲˡ
˵Ԭˮ
İӢ޹ڽ׷֮ڶ࣬ϵر档
ԵͼҲ֪˭۵ʲô
Ԭˮ޷ǰλӲʣһ㲲̬Ҳ˳ӭ˵ǲ
¥Ķң˵ĵ㡣޷ŭ
ӴǶңǾͲˡָԬˮ˵İһ͵ð˸͹˵ţڴŻǰ
ô£˭ˣԬˮ޷ʵ
ܿ˭Ǻֶ޷֪̾Ѿͷʲôа˴˾ơˮﻹҩеÿͷˡ
Ԭˮһ㶣ǡ
˶֮ʣͷ֮ڣһƬ컡
ҩ֮Ϊģд˶ߣǾɥȫĶٿأƽ޸֮ߣҩ߷Ҳ޷
ңɽﳤĵĶһ޹ѱ˺üѿڣҵϣ֡
˵޼䣬ջãԸδйΡһʱ֮䣬ǻңǿ־壬ֱҪ⣬ȴסţǽϡ
ңſڱҪˣȴǰ֮˼һ𸲸ǵףҵһ߲дǣ΢üԿԮ֮ɫ
õѪѪûá޷Ǽ³֣ȴܿ챻صĴϢû
ңһסؿڣҴҲ鿴ܣԶĸ߽żиƿȥãȴֱק˻ٴС
˲϶룬µͷһҧסĲ뼡Ƥҧơ
Ѫˮǰ侲ŵ֣Ҳɿ
ңֽƵһԣæڷһɾѴϣߵ£ҧԡ
氲һȻصͷһƼ޷ǳһ㶡
ѴѣһԲĿԣʶһ˲Ȼ뵽һ㣬Ҵƽ°ڣ˶á
ңŭ޷ǼƲԣȡ񳾣¹˻ȥ˫ַϱ
ңһγָĿڣһ˲ǻУһָȥ
޷ü΢΢һȴʲôҲû˵
ңҧҧԽŭΣִѪ͸ӡ־һ鴤
֪˰㣬ȴʲ˼ǰգһĵϣһ仰Ҳ˵
ң
ұ죡
޷ǲҶԣ۽ƳϾƺλã׻һֻ̣һ飬Ǻơ
ң֪ھϣȥǾƺȥᡣ޷ζͬæ͵ѻˡ
ʲôˣңһĿ֣¾ƺᣬǲһ
ղǺƱҩ޷ǻһ룬ųɱ⣬æ͵ҲǽƱ磬ᣬֻǡ
ңݺһۣ¾ƺŶ
ԺţȥǰǺΣȴƳ޷Ԭˮڻһ
Ѿͷ㻹ðɣ޷ʵ
û¡ң౻۵ҡҡͷ
Щ鷳µ޷ǳˡ޷̨ף֣οҶˣǶǸƤҼɫ֪Ū˰ʹɢǺѾͷûɾ
ûбңֹȻ𷽲Ծļ£ֻñȥر⡣
ЩǸͬˡֵģǸյġ޷Ҳ֪˶ʲôͷ׷ɱݣһﻤҲ²֡£ǵȫķӡ
áң˵ͷ޷ɿ֣ҪסǼͷߣæס̡ͷ𣿡
޷̻⣬ͷúúã̸㰲ţڣǲǸȰµ鷳ˣ
ңһɣŵ˵ͷĽŲ

ԣ
ѸģΪѴõĹܣѡ˱Ƚеķʽܻǻ˲ʣĨȥڣĺܶණ޷µʱдĹ


213 . ǧǧ
޷ǲŸհĨ˽ҩɴϲ, ˿죬ûüͷ޷˹ѽ, ˣô
æת, ң޷Ԭˮ, ޱ߽зɿιһ˿ϲɫ, æӭǰȥ
İɣǺҩľ, ѱҵˡ޷ͬԬˮ, ˿޷ǱѪȾ͸ڣĿ¶ɫ, , ǷѪɢ, ֱĨҲ̫Σˣɲ»ء
޷ǲҴǻ, ̧ƼңԾվſ, Թæһʾ£䣬һҲԡ
, Ҳ֪˴֮, ԭ, аֱ硣
޷, ǵҲ, Ԭˮڴ˳Ĭ, Ż, ²ô¡
𣿡޷ʵڱȥ
򲻿ɣ޷æֵҪȻǰ䣬¥ɾˡº͵ķӲС
º͵ķӣ޷㶵˵ǰųȥĶҥ˶ˣĻҵŮӣ
Ӣˣ𣿡ңû
ǰ޷éٿѽղյҲ㵱Ůˣ硭㻻磬רкһΡЩ֧ͺö𣿡
ң޷ü΢¶˼飬Ҳɣ
ô񣿡޷úôˣ
˵һ룬Ȼתͷңɤӣ˵ҲŮˣװưͣҸ˸Ĺﶼ񣬶õͬȥɣ
һ⻰޷ʱס˺ֻʱ١
˭֪ңȴʮˬشӦáҪ˵Щʲôǵãó
˵⻰ʱȴ޷ȼһ˿ϣ
Ȱ֧ߣ˵ҼѾͷӲʣùղܽӿ͡ҲץʱúѧѧŮӵ̬¶ڡ޷˵ţȥ
ңͷҲ뿪
ԬˮŶ˱Ӱʧڹսǣ̾˿ͷʵǡ
ҶԲס޷ȻʧɫȻüͷǰʵԬʣǾҩǡ
һͣƤסڳǶС⣬Ԭˮᱡ¥һλ˭֪ѾͷŻҩƣõǾƾ㻹ţҲ޷Ϊָ֤ˡȻĻҲŹСӡ
û¡ܰס޷˵꣬㼴߿ͷҲء
һͷ޷Ҳܿңڳһշңռװ˹ȥʰһϢȴšһֻƼͶվ
ǶԲס񣬵ͷһ̾µĵĽݣѾҲһ裬ǰ
Ѿͷʵڴġ˵꣬̾˿˵ԭӡȻҪ˹ףҿѴ̡
ûôءǸΣңҲɵþæڰ֣鶼ȥˡҲûóѣϡ
Ȼû֣Ҳ֪
ţҰͺáң
Ź˸ָϵĲ㣬ЩԼģ˵ʳ˼泩ˡ
ĻңҡͷֲĴ
˵ŻȻƼ϶˹վ⣬üɫ˵㣡ĵùˣ
ʱ£һ㶡
͸ղţûõ¡˵һžͱϽһ١϶Խ˵ԽǼȥֻʣ˳û˽ϰżһ
£ôûأʵ
ûã϶˵˼˵ӣ°뱲ӣǲˡҿţӽǲ⣬ҶЩ˼ˣ
˴Ҳ̲סڿڶЦ
ֻңţЩʲôֻǿ˶ǣĬĬͷ
ҹ˾ȥؼž
ңϥڴͷŰ£ֻͷѹ֣ʼߡ
֪·޷Ǳ⣬Ȼ뵱ʱϸڣԾͻⲻ֪ڷбݣʯҲһˣͷ£Ȼ
޷ǲҴţȴҲ˵һĻش£굣ǣֻĬĬ
ҹˮһߵŴ飬֨ѽϣңԽ꣬˶䡣
Ժл棬ȴ֮ɢ
Ʋѣߵߣֻƿ͸ȴ⴫Ϥû˯𣿡
⻰Ϥƣƺѹſǻңڶ֪ı
ԭؾãȻ˾Ƶģܻش齣š
û˵Ҳһ
ң³鴤̲סӡ
Բ𡣡ٴδ޷ǵȻ
ңĺȻ˴齣һߵűߣŷţȥҧŴԾɲ˵ȴԾס
ûнŲû˵ֻƽ֮Уżһ˿ĺ֣̽ߵţܿ죬ͬĻӦ
аצģվسƬ̣˺ȥ
ûнŲǺԶʼûŲط
˵˰ɣȻʵҿŵʱࡣ
ǵãҩֱֹȫδ˼ĸܣǼʱѪǿж롣
ңҧŴһԲ
ҵĴԲ𡭡
ƽʱǺܻ˵𣿡ңᣬôһΣȥȥ⼸֡
˱ǴˣҲԼѡ޷ǵôãҶԹԡ
һϣңһ鴤
޷⻰Ծۿ˵ͷȴƣκ

ԣ
ξҪΪְŮװԼԼϳ׹Ů£ΪԽԽԱ̵棨˺ŮŰ˵˼ǴĿʼһֱߵΪ˵ϣŮһǿŪø̬ܶȫЭܣòӦС296£жӦľģ УŮǲݣкݵʱͱ嵶Ԥͱ嵶


214 . ۲δ
ҹž, 顣
޷ǻ֣ԼСϺݺһѣ۵, ȴδһ
ң, ű, ֪˶õĴŻ㱻عϸ⶯, ȴһƬţֻʵķ
ңĺ, һ鴤
һڡ⴫޷ǵĻ, Ȼſǻ
ô䣬ط𣿡ң, , ٲɾķˡ
˱˰, Ҳǹ¼ҹˣûҪˡ޷Գ
ңͷһ, ۽, Ź̵ᡣ
ִŲ˵ֻߵߵţͬĻӦٴߵš, ÿζ, л, 
ң꼫ѹſǻĻ, Ҳ롭Ҳû, Ҳ֪ôҲӱ, ҿԸκδ, ġԲ𡭡Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
һ̣ҲĿͳѹ֣Ȼڼơ
ңߵţҲƵıش齣ޱǹͷڴϷޣ֪˶ã̧ͷȴ淢ɲڴ΢ߵ죬ÿͣһ£һٴ
Ҳ಻סǰš
޷ʯϣһ죬ʱ̧ۣȻ¹⣬ֻۣһ˲̷Ӧǵűߣһѽ뻳С
ңͷؿڣѣһ壬Ρ޷΢΢ͷᴥǰһԲ໹δɵἣ
¡ҹӵֱ䣬תκᡣ
ңãȻ̧ۣżɫ޷ǴƳ΢΢ۣͣ΢΢ͷ˵һ
޷ǰңͻطУŷԼѱ÷գԻǽڣת˳ȥһֶһˮˮн͸šɣСܡ
£ڿյң󣬽ЩָḧٺۣԽǸΡ
ңҧҧǼط⡣
ǧٿˡ޷۲ѣ⸱ģֻ޲ҼֵãĲֵá
ʲôֵãңʵ
ˣֵá޷΢΢ü
㡭ңһʱԣĬãлݹֻ棬ҧס˴
װ޷Ƿӣ˫գϸ۲ãüԽô޳
ۣżӸãȴЧ΢˼Ƭ̣ӻˮУ˷ţصǰϿҹ£˫ǰ̹˵ֻҪܹôУ㱣֤üͷһ¡
ңƽô˵͹ˡϰߣ˿Ц𣿡
αعܱô룿޷ƽֻ֪һУΪԭ£ֻϣô¶˺ᣬܴš
ңԣֻ֣ãȻͷǹһĨοЦ
޷Ǽ¶ЦݣͷĴʯ¡δעôԭңá
ң˼Ƭ̣һף˫һס֣䣬ͷһҧ䡣ҧúᣬҧҧţȻյĻ̿ۿһ죬ݼԽԽֱѪζ
޷ǿʹɫʼδģ۵ɣ΢Ц
ңΪЦɿݣĸ첲ϸ˿ǵѪĳݺۣæˮ̳ӣһ㽫Ѫþ
ɡ޷ԣʵ˵Ǹˣ
޷ˬһͷȴȻüû˭Ҳ
ֻ˵˰ֻʣһ£ңųңʹģӦˡ
οɱˡ޷ǵޣô
ûԹأֻеϧң˼ûʰ
޷ţ޷ǵȵ˿գȥһˡ
ңȻһЦ§ӣС
޷˫ֻӵţʧõϲ¶οЦ
ңǰһҹȵʱԬˮȥߵţ˲ڣæѰңѯʣ˵Ц֪ǰͣ˿ͬȥ޷󣬼Ը͵ķӡ
ĹϷѾͷұҲûܴϵѣ޷󽫼Ůʽ̯ڴ棬޷ǵǵڵʵ¶Լĸʣ
޷˫ֻۣ˼ߵǰϸ˿ͷѡһ״ﵽȫǰɫȴ¶Щƣ߼ȫǱ͸ɴмףݱ£ֱв֦ƣһźɫһ̺죬һɫɴĹȹǼɫģٵʽ̴ɫźɫ۷ۣǽޣһףΪŴĵŨ޶
ѵ֮ͬǳǿϱů漸ѾΪɴƣֱ࿴۶Ӷûš
ģ𣿡޷̲סʵ
Сӣǻ¥ôö𣿡޷һۣ
޷ԣ˼Ƭ̺м׷ɫѣɡ
ɫԿ͸ߣٴôһѣվڵǰʵ粻̬֮ɫֹڶׯޣ֮԰ŮӣΪ͵ķģ˰ʵ䷴
ˣȻѡɫΪ׵
ѡѣһ±ױңƽ˼ѧ֮ϣԶ˵롰óͨۿ˵Ǻ޹ϵ޷ֻԲٵױ֮ƼǸռֱһģһ̲ס̾񡭡Ǻ񰡡
ǰ⸱ģ޷ü΢Ծظеһ㱡
ңʹʹ֪ڣĸŮֻΣ
Щʦƽȴδܹĸ뼰˴Щ㱡
жȥױ棬»ص£޷ʣ᲻ݣ
޷ҡͷδѧֻǴǳϰգǿǿܵˡɡ
ֵطģ˭öٰ޷ˡ֮ⶼãҪҲûˡ
޷֣µ˵ͷƷӦ£һ㶡
ܻɣֲܱݣȰ²˵㲻ܿڣǲС轣Σ
˰ɣ޷һüҪôŻҽҵţ
ǵҲǣ޷̾˿ҲУҲУͺ鷳ˡ
罣֮Ϊ໨㹦ٳѧ֧Щ裬ӦӦȥң
ѽô޷ӯӯЦʡ
ü𣿡޷һףһԡ
㣬޷վھֻʣһˣԼȡ֡
ʲôУҲһ¡޷ĵ
ǿɲ㣬޷Ƴһѡеȹ֮زز仪ɫһͽкɡ
˵꣬ŲȴȻһͣͷָң㣬ȻҲͬȥѻˣ𴩵ôɾ䣬Ҫͬ˴ƵġУŮӣô·̬һȣ
ң̿ϰѨҪ·ҡҡλεģôѧ
ҽڣ޷һۣŮҿˮģƤνưȻˬҲֻаװۣεεģõж˷ǣ

ԣ
ξܻԵŮеһ¼ֲֵֽĳģû鲻ܻȻķӦ
ǷûôޣֱӾն˿ˣû׼Ϊ˽ȥ


215 . Ƴɽ
³, ¥磬˵λĹ״ι, 羺, ˭ĳ, 㵥ԼΪ衣
͵Լ, ʮֵߵ߱ˡ޷ǰ, ӭ
벻, ϼŻ˵㻰ˡָһ, ӵô, ҪûŶ, ܰŲţ
Ӵ˵ﻰ, ôأ޷, ۼˣڲ㲻ɣ
ǵǣС˰ͳá, ֱһģһһ, ô, 㿴, ܲһֱôƮŰɣҪźú, һǮ, ٲġ
޷Цӭ, ȴţҪǰڴƣһϡ
޷ֵŮ˲٣˼Գ֣û˺޳ܵĶ
ڰӢǸӣҪŮСҼҵĶôһӭð˶
ʵǺʱҲΪˮڷ˲ʱգ˷ʵʵĽӴ޷һ˿ʹ֮״ʲôӢ仨ҶûءҲǳգһ֧衣ѽ֪⻰ôȥģҪǹôպԺѽͿˣͰǲͻȥء
ǲʲôҲŸأ͵һۣȻѹɤյ޷ߵǣҲͷݣ˵ĹֻգǼ٣
Ӵ˼ô˵أ޷ֱ̬ΪѵЩǿɲ˵ÿ˵ţ쵽ǰ˴ָ⣬ƵıܿĿ⡣
˶ˡ˵ţеһöУһɵøҿˣҡ
޷ۿʱһѱ㽫ƽ㣬˼ʮϯ˷䴫ֵģвĳͣδȫȴҲǺѹѹһƬ֡
Żռ޷Ⱦͱõģ̨ȶ̨ǰĻǧ򻽣ֻЩġ˶
ĻһĨ۽һӳϯ̨ߣɴ棬һ˫޵ӣﲨת̡
Ϊѧ޷ǿɳԾ˿ͷЩԴ˫ĿҪ޷ָָңС˵˾䣺Ѿͷ̬һǻѳֲסֻҪѧó֣ǳˡ
ʱ˵䣬ĺΪѰѧת˼Ȧ͵κ
ϰ֮ˣߵǲͬ·ӣӺ͹ϣȴ֮ͨ罣֮ƣΪ鲽ҲΪĵӣ޷ǲǿǿ޷ѧôٳɵ衣
Ǻ裿Ϳ۾ֱЩ
ôһɲǣԼ·꣬ڽľ˰Ӣһ֧衣
ңһɫȹĻˣҲôˣ·ԼĽģǸ˶˵ľŮӣĹɣƶ棬ӹ괺㡣
æȥϯ䣬⵶͵ĶȴƳɿӹһʶ
£ңһ
ĪǣҪɱ͵˾£˵ŵǸܣǼؼ֤ݣ
߬ȭٿɿٶ̨޷ǣָһԵĲˮһպָűɴĹ̼䣬ѣɴٿȻ䡣ｻϯ䣬˷һΪǰ֮ݾޡ
Ҫ˵޷ױı£ǳ뻯޷ǻװ֮ãĪۣа˳ɵĹ͡
ң΢΢һ£෢٣ǰƣסݣһԵһֻߵ޷Ǹǰ΢΢˸˫ֵϻ̬롣
ʲôϯ۷׷ס
޷ɤӣߵ̨ǰ˵ǺΪлλλѡһˣһ
δ䣬ϯ̷
ѡңѡң
ѡң
ҳһţһһִԽҡң״æͣȵȵȵȣǱˣйصġ
ʲôأһû
иһ˭Ƕѡң
⵹㹫ƽ
ƽƨôˣ㣿ҿСѾͷҲ㡭
޷⻰ֱüȴ㷢ֻǿѹŭֽĻ˳ȥ
ϰ֮ˣϢĪ˵ǸƬҶҲָĴģ㲻ƫơ
Ի֣Ա㳯ͷȥֱԴϡ
ô
ϯٴǵ͵ֺǣ±ǰû߳㱻ң
λүۿɲļңʹ˸ɫЦٹһӻᵥͣʱٺȸʹҲٰ԰գùһֻյתߵ޷Ǹǰ
͵㲻ˣСѾͷ
޷Ǵһ䣬۲ת̬ԣ裬˫Ŀ飬΢΢˫յͶ㾡Ƿ飬ɷ
ϯ˼ⳡ棬еĺЦеĹƣ֡
ͷ˸ۣȴϻϯ£ֱա
ֹ̨ף̨ǰĻ䣬ĽҿĻ
أôûˣϯڱ˲궯
޷Ǵ΢ңȥż䣬š
ҿˡһϣң̿ڵ
ղţ޷üһ
ңһͷ᲻Ǵɱ͵ˣ
Ҳ˵׼ǳġ޷üһ˼ҪЩ鷳
ҾòǡңҪңı»̫Զˡ
ˡ
Ҳ֣ңڴɾˡ룬ڵȵģҪģͬһʱңһϳ㡣
˵޷룬֮СΪϡ
ң˵ͷյű˺һֻһƬӣʲôգ޷ǵĸ첲żУַͷǰȥ󿴿ҿΣпƵ˵ãƯ»ؾʹ˼ĺòã
û°ɣ޷̲סЦƭƭЩҲˣôҲڲסˣŮˣ
ǣĺܺÿңһȥվӡ
ˣ޷ֱ˫ĿЦеļˣֻһ
˭ңһʱûӦ
ѽ޷һЦ˳
ƶ졣ң͵ؽƿһۣ
޷ҡͷһЦδڣ⴫ǵ͵Ļǣǲ÷ңһ
˶óңȤ


216 . ױ
޷ǿ˿, ҡͷЦЦԻһֽǣߵ
Ĳ, ƿ˷š޷Ƴһ, ֻ֮״, ˺
ôϼҴڵģңǰҪŹϡ
ʲôð, һĿȡ
²˵˭ĳߣҼӱ˭ңһʱĲ˵ϰ, ɫ, æĿ, ˻תͷ, Ե͵, λ˱ǽʤߣһǮ, Ȼֻһ, ολӣŵ˵ġ
Ѿͷ, ݡ˵, ´ң, , ݵһĻ¥, Ѿ߶ˮ顭˵, ̧򢡣
Ӵι, ˡ޷ҡСȴӻһ첽µ͵֣˼Ҷ˵ôԼˣ
ô໰ðοοǸһ֣ӵȲˣ
úúãȲ˵Ȳˣ޷һ˵ţһЦݣڵ͸첲ϵ֣أ衢ҲĹأο˷Ųǻ˵Ҫ˵˵ţȻյͶߣϸϸ˵ͷĻ
һЦ˼ɿͷƿԶԶԣ£ɨˣûУ
ȴֲһһ޷뿪
ӴСӡͿżһϷţȥԣ޷ǵ֣ȴܿ
ô˵أСӣʹǰ
ģˡңǰǰҲˣҼ˷纮һʱûתɤţ˵˻
ϼŻƭ˵ܳأ̵ġ
ǳˣ˵ѽտһΡң˵ţȻߵűߣţ޷ǣɫζôӰұˡ˵ţ˳żš
ϧϧͿȺϣʧ䲻ѣСҲ֮òҪܹһ𡭡
Ļûü˵꣬Ȼ޷һְסףѹϡ
ֽŲһֵ׾úܣôҲѡ
ǰɣ޷¶죬㱾£껹ȥɽ
δڣԼԭһɵۣȴԼĶ䣺˭˭˵СӣС͵Ϯߡ
ֻҺ㣬˭޷ǰ׵˼棬ټѹƽ
ʲôеģ
ͻ䣬⼴̴뼸ƿ֮죬ֱ˶޷ǲŲæһ죬ݲܿͬʱһŰʣ⣬ֻһ죬ƴ˳ȥҲ˵ҪǱ죬˿̶̱ڵء
㡭㵽ʲôˣͽͰʵ
޷ǲԣĿƳ⡣
ʱ˿̣ǽܽǣңһֿǽͷ͹Ĵľһִ񳾣ָͬС¥ǽһӰ¹ģò¡
Ȼ㡭»Ȼطλǡ
ңЦԣᵶݲбжϡ
ɫ֮£Ӱɡ׷Ҹϣһ¥Ժǽ֮⣬ݶ书Ӷھµ񳾱ԽģһĹ򣬱׳һʯҷۣȥңﵶ컨۳̧߷һƬӳɿºȴ˾ǿʹȫ޳ͣҲƵԶ
ͬʱżĵҲ޷廨˵ϣԼԣһֻӣһڡ
޷˵Ůӵϸ֮﷽Ϊʵˣղſ衣ѴţװԣҪ֮µȻӡ
ǰӢĶӣϸһ񡭡š
˵£޷¿棬Ǻģ
ɶɶӣװɵ
㲻֪С޷³Х£˹ȥ
𡭡𡭡½кã⡭
ʲô޷Ŀ¶졣
½ѽò콭֪޷ţ½𣿡
޷ԣһʱȻ
ô㲻½ѵհף㶵
ô˵޷ὣֱָͺģЩһֱһˣôôҪǸô£
ҵĹԹԣԭ㲻֪;ǿɲҴ½͵ǡ⵽׳ʲôģôЩһŲ֪ȵòǡ
͸ҪǣѱХ»һǳǳѪۣ۵۴ʲô֪ҾǸķģһ棬һ׷ȥɽ˭֪żأͿ½ˣŹ˺ü£½ģֻһˡҾ͡
ͰĶ͵ˣҡײƭ޷̧Ƚ߷ڵأȻأǶģ
ιСڣǺӷǽ񣬷ľʯûԿףôÿǰЩ׷ɱңҾ͹类ˡ˵⻰ƳХ½ٴƤΪ֤С˵ľ䶼ʵҰ
¡ң룬ƳΣ΢΢һ㶣ǵһƨģһЦָָԾδжȥαװ޷ǣѽλ壬ĺ֪ǰôų
ң޷οһۣҡҡͷ
˵˵ôõ𣿡ңߵԣʵ
ˡ޷̾Ҳջ񡣡˵ţǰһԽػͶѨȥ
ʲôջ񣿡ңʵ
Ҵš֪ҵ˭ˡ޷ǵ


217 . ɫ
ҹ, ᷿¯
޷жȥŨױƽװ, ͬң޷ԬˮΧԡ
ߺ, Ԭˮ, Ѻ˵͵Ժַһ, ȥȥʳȴʼնͬĴ𰸡
ɡ½Ԭˮ۲΢ã, г, ȷҲֻŮ
˵뿪ɽ󼸸, ½, ȴֻһˡ޷ǰ˼, ǵʲôϵΪ룿ɰܲݣҲԸУ
˵, κ˶Ȥ޷˼, Ҳ֪½ִŴбʲôԵɡǺװģʲôѽ
޷ǳ̾һ, ҡҡͷ, Ĭ, Ȼվȥ԰, 㼴, ˳ȥ
ʣ, , òԡ
СӣĻʮꣿ޷Ű뿪飬ҡҡͷ˼ôأģǿ
Ҳ֪Ӽʱ𣬲šңü΢˼
˾͸񣬡޷˫£٣ͺܺãûô˼峺˵ţȴȻͷ
˳һֻƼʹǰﻤΧڹ˵ǼǰھűС޷˫ֻ۱վţŽʮв޶ԡ
ˣ˵ЩߣȻ⡣޷æǰȴңס
ңᵶ޷󱣹ܣߵȺ֮󣬳Щʵλٳˡ
ⲻǸѾ𣿡

ʲôһġ£
׷׻ͷд볯Χ£
޷Ǽ״üһ˵ȴң߾˫֣ƺʾ˰
¥⣬ǿ϶ҪŵġҪߣ͵Լ¡ңһԺ󣬲£Ǽӣ뿪ݣö
ƾʲôǽˡ
ңһԲλιȺٿ䣬ѶϷһʺ˼֮󾪣ûһ˿
ƾ֣ȡ練ơңĿ䣬Թ⣬¶ȣȴ
޷°ٸнһʱԡ
ڶκ˵ǣҲܰ﷢˵ȥң֪˾ڴӦҪպҲȵϣֻҲ˵
Ǯ˻أ֮󣬾͵е¶û޷ͳöʮĽǰ˵
ңͶȥм֮ɫŻʺ֡ڻֻ˿ȴʼն᷿š
һԼǵģպ޹ء±͵ɡң˵꣬ߵǰ޷ǵͷƿš
һ˱һĺ
˾ȻԼ˯ˣ
͵£·һ־磬˵ɢµֻһ޹ʹȴҪĴۣƺûУƸˮա
һ磬˱Ԭˮ޷ݱ𣬼ȥҹ㵽˷ᶼء
ᶼݣ䴫˵֮ʣй֮ƣ˰ϱ㲻ʣˡһ
˿ᣬϲװȴʮּªСس᲻࣬ܿҡĴ·С֮ҵôһ棬ס
ֻʣһ䷿¥ΨһĻһ浧ЬĻҳһĵ߻ѸɾҲصý¥̫ߣҹ䡣
ңһη˶ҲԾֻǻӣҲˣͷȴ޷ʵûշˣ
ûˣ̧ۣһˣǲǷޣ
Ƿֿסá޷ǲδֱشĻʵ⸽ɻ᣿
֪ԼҡƱĥ󹤣дһ⻰ֱ
ң˿ǻƣʱãȻŤͷһȴ޷ת߳š
Īеһ˿ȻֻպͺԺ̬ȱ΢ı仯ǷˣⱣž֮񡣼㲻ҪӴҲŸ첲
룬һϰ׽ңΪʡ룬ת׷ȴδԶֻǵſڣ߽΢΢һЦֿڡ
ңԽ׽͸˼ֻĬĬԣ»ֹѰã;òҼҿᣬѴȣŴš
˰ɣղǼҲǲСңģ¶Ұ⣬Ҳܲס˵ţ㼴תȻ߳ȴκλӦŤͷһȴվԭأüŲԶĺӵ̣һԲ
ôѿʼ𣿡ңЦҡͷҹ˼֡
ôô룿޷Цзࡣ
Ӧ룿ңתߵǰֱ˫ĿĿʲôûһ
ãҴ룿޷⻰ͷ˼Ƭ̣ͷãҸġ˵ţȥ֣ȴ˦
㻹ϣô̽ҡ޷ӣɫάƽȵĻʵʶ𣬲⣬һðӲǣ֮ҵʧݣҲ⵱ӦԽðûзִ磬ɴ
£һֱǵãͻȥҲ֪ᷢʲô̰ʧЩ㣬֪ʲƽϣѵҪԼһΣ
ʧ⣬ơ
Թ㣿ң⻰һʱţ˫۳ȥ
ҲԹ㣬ǿԼ޷۵бݣĵ׵Ļֲ̿ܿӿ䣬˽޳ܡûа㡣ٲУΣʧȥһΣָܡҲٳڶ顣԰գǼѷ۵Ѳסֻñȥ
ңվ󣬾ıӰֻ˫꣬Ȼȥɫ޹⣬绪
˼ºȻóƽлݽֻ棬Ϣ񣬽ϸСƬһ˿һ̿ϸ롣
㶼ҵƢԣңʵ
֮ãҲãûڹĻůҲĹҫ˰ˡ
Ҳǻȴĳ֮ģԵʣη壿
Ҳܶ෽ӻȻɳϴʦ̣ĸš
ʲô
ʱ̣ƲԹ˲Ϣ䡣
˺ٰȻȻɢԪףͽһ죬ȴǳ̲Ϻз
еһУΪȴץסҲɳ֪һǧٿףȴȫΣϿĥ
˵ˣ룬оз糾
ķ糾һأһĻĻȥġһվ䵽˳ֿɵõĹ΢ı
ңʹʡ
˵һ䡰ֺѪ£ԣԹƾһ֮صЦգ
һУ΢΢棬¼ᣬٴߵǰֽӵ
޷ǻӵȴԾ΢΢
ϻǧ·ҽµģͨ;ңȻЦǧˣ˭ʤң
޷ҡͷһԲ
˵㲻䣬õˡңḧգ˫ĿᣬƴˮƼˮ꣬ԽǧɽˮؾҳأɲĴҵֻϧңʼһֿ󣬸̬նȴδ沨㾿ﲻãҪԼһǴ
޷ԣü΢΢һ۲
ҳϣͬɽлأ̹ɽԺͬˣĿпޣҲҪңһ߹ô·٣ɽһ̹ǡҪ㣬ʱεأĶ㡣ҲֻߵʱҲŻãٶʹҲֵá
ң޷˫ϧʢ
ҿݲΪȣҲȫҲηףֻǾãǣԽǽܣԽǰģҲΪ⣬ҲŻģỼûʧãȻʧ롣ң˵⣬һ˵뿪ż㡣ҲԼˮѶϣߵ죬ôܹ
޷ûѻ˵꣬졣յߣ˵֪һޱ˵ıԼ
ңԣ両һɲȻ
û˵ôá޷ḧգ˵峣ţԵУҲɹҲĪΪС㽫Щþء
԰գ΢΢ͷǰаɣ˵ʧ̬ˡղǼҿᣬƵȷףôˣ˵
ȥɣˡң
޷ǵͷһЦᱧ𣬻ʱ·ȥңҲֻ§УɫԾء
˸ڸ˿ǰһ̿ãδ鷳޷Ǳ˵Ť˽ţ߲̫·㽫ס¥ΨһǼշݹź󣬷ң¡
û°ɣңʵ
޷ҡҡͷҩƵȷЧ⼸նû
ңһף仹лƼƵģȴҲֻʱ¡
ҹӵ¶ߡ
ϡ¹͸뷿Уڴʿһ࣬˯աңǰһӣʳָͦıڴϣһ˹ȥһġ
޷ǻۣḧ䣬Ϣ
ңԣԿ˹ȥٶǹȥ꣬Űÿһ䡣
޷һüһѣȴѹҲԽȻңֽ´æ£ȴקһȴֲ
Ҷ֦΢бӰڴأҲ¶ӣ˰硣
ңңң𡭡
ԭҲ£ң⿪ؿڣָ˳ͷӹһˣ˵ƽˡ
޷ǿЦãסҡͷ
㣬ѾнҲ㡣ǰ;ãƽ˳һ˾أ㶯˭ľƽȡңᣬ翡
޷ԣüٿһ⼸ֲۣʼϾ˼ԼһĶ˶
ȻʣӵŻֱӣǹͷƬ̣չգЦ˳
Ҳһɲǣң̱ãϤǸֻ꣬صǰ
޷ӵ뻳գЦԽȻ
ǻԨǰԭء
ĵ£ֶ˹⣬ֻһΣҲϨҲԶ


218 . ɽͷ
ϵ, ɽ·顣ţѽݳ, Ҽһʼ
ȥʱ, ڽꡣңԼӰ, ߵ޷󣬺Ȼֻӵ, ż⣬򢿿ͷ, ȻһЦ, ʱðһжƽҲ֪Լ˭Ϳ, Ҫ, Ե, ֪ȴҲܲʱġ
δ, ޷Ƿ, ˰Ȧӵ뻳УЦֻҪܿ, ұġ
ңȻһЦ, ӵ߽·ߵĲ, ², Ƴվúŵı, ͷӶ, ʱʱ˿
һ, һ˽ëͷһתһֱԺż䡣
ǰɣⶼ쵽߾ˣЩ˻ôо񣿡޷Цһҡҡͷңһֵöˡ
ȥңյ˿Ϊһں֮ڣ꣬ô˿ա
䣬Ų󿪣ŴһϤŮʦ֣ң㣬
ޱһ㶣ŤͷƳղޱһǰһ߽һʱ֪˵Щʲô
ղޱ첽ԣ§ңĸ첲£ЦϻطֱǱ˽꣬ż˭֪ҵһ
˵⻰ӻͳһֻңСĴ򿪣ݸ޷ǣӧͬ˵Ǵζβȡ֣ŪһżǳˮڶˣŲȱţͿڼɽµʯͷ
ǧר̰͹޷һ㶣漴ӽȡţϸһȻϻʧһš
ӽ굽ȥɽķ̫ࡣղޱǰһǿܻȥݣ
ݾͲȥˣѷȥҲá޷˵꣬ˮŲ֮ϣȻ˰죬ֱˮȫ͸ֽţƬҲԾԭģû˿仯
ҵˣҰɣüͷŲŶ˶תҿҲԾûʲôãôͬŲһ
񴾲һԣ΢΢üżƳһۣȻǰһ㣬ޱ仯
᲻ˮݵ̫ãʧЧˣң
пܣ˵Ƥֽ᲻Ҳ޷Ǵǰʵ
ңɿҡͷô֪
ڴʲô𣿡ղޱֻһͷˮʲôƤֽ
޷һԲӻͳһŵֽţݸǴ泭ġ
ղޱӹչֽĹüͷԽԽʲô
޷һ̯ӹݻֽţµôػУҡͷһЦ
լҵġң滹дšگʥ̡
ʥ̡һ˼ǰһƺǼǰһֽ̡֧
£޷㶵ôû˵
ҼǵáСʱĸ׵һϿ룬ʥگ̣زֲ࣬ԭҲ𡣡
޷ԣ˼˵ͷĸǹٻ˼ҵӣ飬Ҳϡ档
ŶˡղޱͷҲ˵ЩʥйأУҲΪҪȥݣҪԽ߾گȥ
ֻ࣬ˡ޷ǵҲȥҳ˱߾ʱҲܱһ׷ɱ
һȥɡղޱʱ˾ֱӣ
⵹أ޷ǵϾگ̣ȥδܴϽҲ̫ͬС
ɾ¾ɽⳤҲ϶ȥǵģղޱֵ̫ˡǰһ˵ץǸأٲЩճֵʲôʱ򰡣
ղޱ˵ţø첲ͱͱ񴡣
һ֧ڶǰƺ˼£ôһײ㶣漴ת޷ǣǱϻ˵ǽһص֣᲻ֽдĶ
˰죬ղޱƳһۣΪ졣
ͷһ˿ʲһֱڻйʥ̵Щأû˵ʲô
ˣ޷֪ղޱʲôƢæͷôȵ˵ɡ
ŵô죿ղޱʵ
Ҳͷһʧ޷ɫƽһʼ
һΪɽأ²߲ݣһҲúķѼյĹֱ¹룬Ҳŵݡ
ҲΪɽ·УЩǰݵĸŸɵӼɢδһֱ׷ü˹˰ӣس͵Ϯ
ֵʮ壬Ԫѽڣݳŵƽʣڡ
ϣͷβӰ䣬С
˴˳СǰһɻЦղޱȻסһŤͷʵȥʱǲǲͬ@
ǰǵϦ񴵭
㶼ôղޱ۵ôͿʼˣ
⵹ûС˵꣬ۼɫʶֵ񣬡ΪԪգҸûš
˭ʱȥɨˣ޷ҡͷЦǵһֵ꣬@ȥ򣬺Ǻηּۻۣ˵Ҫȥٸ˼ҷ˽Σʱֵÿɴˡôģ˵ţһ񴡣
ҡͷĿԡ
֮Ҫʦͬⳤϻţ@ѱ˶ֽŹҳǽˡ޷Ǹпһļ磬Ҳǣ̫ⳤϵĻˡһֱȥҪ¡
㿴˵ɣղޱһ񴣬ҲĳЩˣø
һ˲Լͬ¶֮ɫȥ
ͼӴףû˵üһ̽͵
ǲĻûղޱͷұۣݺһѣ
ûޣֻܵͷʾԡ
ݿگ߾ͷɼ̣̯СʡղޱЩ֣ңĸ첲㼷˹ȥ߿߹䡣
ңһϲɫ⣬ͬһ·й䣬֪ʦֵܶԽԽԶ
޷޷ǼԶԶŶ˱Ӱüͷ㼴ЦңڣҲ磬Ҳǣ̫ġ
һףûд𻰡
޷ǼƲģִһ̯һɫߣϣЦƲ֣鷳Ҳ翪Ҫ
䣬ԱһƵģܹһųɫѵӰԹԵͷǰ·
ʷ񴱻޷ߵߣײ˸Ҳ˵ϡ
˭ѽײ˵ǸͷСĹײҲûŅ̀ͷҪۣ˭֪ƳȻģȴһ˲ɿӹһ˿ΣѸת˳ɿԶ
Լײˣȹˡ
޷˵ţƵĻͷƳһۣȴȻʻʣλһλɫѵĹ
аǱȥˡ޷һָȥķ򣬻תʻŮݣס㣿
ŮҲһ
䲻ʶȴҲйһ֮ԵǵڶװŮ
ллɿܿĿ⣬ǺŮܿķ׷ȥ
ʶʵ
졣޷ǵͷһЦʰߣһͭǮݻ̯漴ֹͷԶվ̯ǰնȥ
˵ΪͭɫŻѰͬղޱһ֧ʽӣ̷Ľͣ㼴תȥңͷ˱ȣƳ֧ƻľƻ氡ǿɾȥˡ˵ţ㽫ӷ
۹ⲻңһ̯һ壬ڶ߻˻ΣЦԽȻ
ڿʲô޷ǴӶң⻰㿴ңһó˻塣
޷΢΢һЦ̧СǮ
ŶˣȥҲ˽ߵġղޱ˵ű㽫ң˳ңûзһЩȻؿ˿ղޱֿ˿޷ǡ
ôˣղޱͷͷʵ
ղޱ̧ظеһ㱡
ʱֵͬ龰֮£ǰ껹ͬŶʱĶȴߣͬ䣬˼䷱
ޱʦֿû㡣޷ǽһЦָָԵ񴣬ңת˳
ιղޱ׷ȴ˻
ϻأ·Һ@ٰ㲻˳ۣΪ£Ц
û£Ҳ뿴ܴǰڣղޱͷǰᣬھ͸ˡ
ΪΣ
ΪҪûʹӣҲᵽڲ˽㡣ղޱգգۣЩ񴣬ǰȥ
īɫҹĻ£̻Ȼڿա컨ڵҹܵøߡɽҹˮһ⾰
ɽºáң貣޷ǻУȻ˵Щ飬һҲá
ȥʱ㻹˵˶䡣޷ס֣ҺãĳŵҶסˡ
ɴȴһСң
˭˵ģ𣿡޷ǲϵ飬ѱͬΣⲻЩп޵õöࣿ
Ȼң̬һѣһ࣬ı²쵹ԽԽֵǮˡ
޷⻰ֻЦЦ˵
ɽǶľǰٸ˽÷ſƣȼ̻ơԸ֮ˣ඼ȥ˳йǰأȼźӵơ
ңĹнӹӵƣתرߣųһشػ򰵵ĵƻȻ˵ȥһԸνƽ˳죬޺£ٿҷŵյƣ·Ϩû
οɲһ޷ǻһǰңû˵ڵĻȻ˺ͷٻȴңѵӵƣء
ңԸΪýɽģֻ޷һ֮ޣ벻ΥԸǧУһ
ңңȻ޷Ǵ󾪣æ죬ҡͷ˵˵˵ôͣô˵أô׾ͰԼһи̣ǡ
İɡң֣ҪӢţұˣԻ֮£ֻҰԧ졣
޷һʱԣΣȻʧЦ
ʲŻжòӯɻûһδȫõľֱĻƻøɸɾ
ãŻعζҡͷ̾һЦͦãΨһ֣㻹Ըҡ԰գΪģЦݣ˫Ŀɫ˵ԸΪˣΪƸңΪޣһܣƽȫǰ·˳졣
ԣҲӲģһأֻԸա
£ӳصƻԡ̻Զ쳤ҹ纣ˮ

ԣ
گʱڵĹһʼεĴگ˳ھگ
ܿչĪ̫Щδʫã濼ͦסõģϾƳӶûС
ϣơζʮҹ


219 . Ϸ粻֪
˱߾, УҦݡ
گڣֶ, ʮΣա߳, 㾡ܿ, ˼ҿס£δóȻж, 򵱵صľʥ̡
ʥ뾳Ѿãѳ˴˼ΪʢĽɡ
گڶ, Ϊ, ຺ˣͨȥʦ, ˴඼˵
齵ĿԵĵ¥λϸ, ȴͿ, Ǽʮ̸ֽ˵˲ٹʥ̵¡
ʥԭ, گҲδȫ֮, ʥԱΪˣ̣ҲһܵĹ򣬾ջ׹ƶߡЩ˵ҷ, Ѹ߹, Ҳм˽Щگ
Ȩ, ʥ
ÿһʥλ, ᾫѡһʥŮ, ҲΪŮ, ʮ, ѭ壬һӣȥ뵱λگȡ⽫͸̵ĸ¶Ծ֣֮תڰգ
ٶҲڸǲЩŮӱΪƭֺȥʵ
ͳѧ޷Ⱦָֻ֡ѡʥŮСͱ۾ķȵѪֱϽһӣһ֪Ϊߵع㣬Ϊ
һگ輧ʣһּ⣺ʥʥŮڼǰ֮ˣ׼мȢҾ档
Ϊֹû˭ô
ʥ̵ƽʥϹҫϹٺ࣬ǱʥŮ
˸ĸţʮꡣϹҫΪֳ֪Ψһһᱻȥ㽫еĳ밮޷죬Ĵֻ֣ΪеʮӵиĿ֡
Ϲٺʮ꣬ȥ⾰˵ּ⣬ϹٺһֱĴѰɾȻǲͬЩȱһ㣬֮ȸС
Щţ˻һЩõĻϢʥ̴Ϲҫһʽ΢ϵĴУһ࣬ƺ伣
ϸ֪Ҳ࣬ʵһЩ˴ЩһϣãǾȥ
ʥܲפǣҪҦݵǣȻϣǳؼ䣬ɽ·ҰֶԴ˵زϤ˵ͼҲûѺһѰ·˲ʱգŵϡ
˭룬˸һǣղޱ㲡ˡ
ɫ̱ڷ˭ҲýֱңǰţСȥ˲ȴҲʣֻվԸ
ңݺڴǰ£ղޱĶͷȴСһʹѵģ׹Сʵǹˮˣ
ղޱɿ˵ͷ
ңӣϸһҡͷҲϰӣӦð
ϻؾʱˮô£˲ղޱѹɤС˵ɽ߷գůҹ䣬ʵǡ
Ъţһȥץҩңָָſڣ
ʲôʲôȥҲŲҪܡղޱʹ˼һ֣
ңݸһЦһףš
ôˣһüʵ
ʱ򣬲˵ʥ̵˾ȥ𣿡ңЦȥ̽Ϣչ
û£񴽫Žʵ
֪ղޱӲʵЩģԾ̽ͷڿһۣղޱ˫ֱŴͷһԹſ㶡
УǾ߰ɡ޷һѣͷңҪǴõϢͬ˵
ңһףЦŹ˷š
⡭Ծһͷˮȴ޷߿
޷ǼеǣЦҪʵڲģһЩҲˡ
㲻
Ӳֲһ죬㲻ϰ޷ǵ
⻰
گԭͬͷβǵ¥ߵʹ䣬Ҳһζ
λڳϵҲͬһĽֻǽָΪֺꡣһ֦㣬εضڴԺУϹͷţ͵ߣľǡ
ĺԺһСӣһŮɢųֻƵĶͷ֒gˮ㷢ˮӳεŮʻĶ껪
ǸԳŮҲ˵ѣϴͷŮ󣬰˵
h´лᣬٴȥһݺòãŮͷ˵
㻹˵أh̾һܣҺҡ
˵ĵƻ֣ûŮƲƲңڵƻϣһһˡ
ʲôѽhʵ
ǸˣÿɺÿˡŮ˵⻰ղԾΣ۲Ҳһ㣬ڻҲСײûŭҲû˵ǸӡܾȣӦǱסˡ
ͬ˵˻𣿡h˴Żعζǲ롭
ûأûüŮƲƲ죬죬ԻиˣһͺܶµӣšҪ׷ңҾӳȥˡϸ룬ʱʶ˵˵Ҫһٹ꣬ǲǾͿԲü޸ˣ
ǣãã˺ҪȥѰأh룬ȷʿ𣿡
Ҳ֪ʲôûءŮƲƲԡһȥݣٿһۣȻҿɲġ
Ҳ̫ãˡh˼ôݳǣҪһ֪֮ˣ̸ף
ԥԥ޶⣬˭֪Ůȴŭˣ䡱һվŶͷ壬һŵûң
ҲǸ˼
Ůһѽʪĳ˦ȥ󣬳弧hΪˣگ㣬ǿҺҸԭһˣ㵱ʲôҲˣ
Ҵôãȴ˿Ϊ룡ҿʥŮֻʮǰҵɾܱͽЩùýͬˡںòϲˣ㾹Ȼϰң
ûǸ˼ֻǡhæڰֵȱ𼱡ֻ˵ûôףôӳ飬Ҷû˵ˣܵȫķӲܰ㣬ο
οʲô
ҡh̾˿ҡҡͷͬϹٴߣܹҪͬ˵һ߰ɣȻػصܣֵ֪б뷨ˡҡұĲ˵ҪȷһֱݣҪȥˣҲһδ㣿
ҲŲܣԿô֪ٺһЬһ˵ھͻȥҴ磬ͬ˵¡
˵⻰ȰЬãȣתԺȥ

ԣ
ʵϹٺⲿ־鲻ǴƾȻĿǵõ񴣬ǺĻΪԼ棬ղޱҲûкͻ
ϱڵŮ԰ŮڶǰżΪ˽ģҼԼ־ռݾԸߵأԸԸⶼǸơ


220 . ʼʶʱ
ȵҡhȱ׷, ȻǰԺȴϹٺͻȻͣ˽Ųǰߡ
hΪ, ̷ŻŲ, Сʵôˣ
񡣡Ϲٺְű, Сĳ̽ͷֻףǰվߴͦεӰ, ŵķ
˴ɫƳۣī, һ˵ǰīɫġףԺ붮, ѽѽ˵ţһ𵷹İ, Ҳ˵ʲôīµ, һ̯, ʼת
hһƳ˵̰ͷ˻
ӡڼˣϹٺජڿ˺һ, ͻȻ, h˵һԣڷ⣬ϲɫ
˵вУhæ, , ϻȥԭˡ
˵һϹٺɫһ䡣
˵һ
Ǹɫѵѽ, ϹٺŲ, ղ˵Ĳɣ
hҡҡͷ
ǲ͵ˡϹٺ෭˸, Աһͺܰ, ˭Ϲϲѽ
˵⻰, Ȼס͵ػعζһѽhקǰסӣʵղſ˵ϵԱˣ
hһ㶡
ȥ֧Ϲٺ಻𻰱ѿڣҪͬԱλ˵
ô֧أhҡͷгǸҲҡ
ѽȥȥϹٺĿ¶ãֲϲҸɾͺá԰գɷ˵ѼhȥűߣӦһƽš
hƵһģʶŸվӣһƬŵĶԻҲͣˣڵϵ
βѣ̧ͷȴ޷ǵ
ô㣿
ҡh޼ƿʩָֻ޷ǵġ
ң޷ɻѣָԼʵ
h˵ͷ
ȴʱףͻȻָ޷˵һ䲢ĺԶԣҡ
ʲô޷ûͷûβĻãȻ
㽲һ˹hղѣһűתȥ
޷ǼΣԽеĪһʱΣֻûͷȺ뿪ȥѰhкá
񴾲ıӰʧ⣬תҸط£ȴŮӻĺӣ
΢һ㶣Ťͷ⣬Ϲٺһ٣һ̤С鲽ߵǰͣ£һ㶣ʵڽ𣿡
šϹٺһЦҽϹٺ࣬أ
Ϲٺ֣ࣿһ㶡
ⲻʥеʮʥŮ
ҦǸϸ˵Ļ㼴ʩ񣺡񴣬Ϲٹ
ϹٺСگԺ˵ôʣʮôһ˵ϲ붨Ϊϻһײ
֪ѹѰյƻʱԺν֣ԭľʰˡ
ǼѽϹٺϲüңϴݡ
ˣʵ̹񴲢δĪϲɫֱ˵⣬Ȼһ̧ۣ޷ǻδط룬ϹٺǸܷڴԵƬ̣
ȻϹٺϲУ̵ͷ
лϹٺ࣬㼴ת߳ȥѰ޷ټ
ԭʲżh˻ߺ¶ȥ˺ԺСӱߡ
޷䲻Ȼ뵽ףָ㣬ǸŹŹֵֹģǸȥhʼյͷһԲڴ˳Ĭʵ·λʥ֮¡ָ㣬Ī˵
˵ʥ̣hã⻰ŻعӲصͷ֪һ㣬ҲǺ˽⡣
ǣܲʣղŻҳлҪ˵޷ǳϿʵ
ҡҲ֪ʥ£ֻЩ顭ǲǡh˻Դǿ˼ԣͬ˵ˣء֪Աô𣿡
˺һ󣬺òײת̽Ҹ
Ա⣿޷Īʲôôˣ
ֹ﹫ӣԱҲˡҴլ˸ɸɾŻˣȥ˷կhҺãկˣǰˡ
𣿡޷ȻðŷӦ˵Ϊˣ㵽֪֪
֪ʥԭ̷֧ãҲûʲôõϢȵȣΪҪͬ˵Щhعζ졣
ʦ֡
Ļ˼ͬʱתȥ
㡭ڴ𣿡h˺һ޷ǣǡ
λʦܣ񴡣޷ǵ
Ŷhʼմڰ͵״̬ƺûԼʲôģʵȫhʲô
޷һס
h˿ȻԼĵƺЩ࣬ϻͻȻָ죬Ĵ䱸Ī˿ֻ֮У̸һǿóǫǸˡ
˿ȴ͵ϹٺĽ񴣺㡭
񴲻иɻ
ûˡhܿĿ⣬ɿԶ
ôԽԽŹˣ޷ԻѣתʵôҲˣ
ʥ̵ʥŮϹٺ࣬ڴ
޷һɲ飬˭֪ͬصһż㿴Ϲٺݺݳ
˵޷Բ̱ⲻǰЩݵƻײǸ𣿡
𣿡ҡͷãȻ
ϹٺɫȴԽѿشǰ˫ֱҪʦֵƿ˱ܱӣԼͬ˿һ󲽣óһ
˵һˡϹٺСֹ꣬㼴˳ȥ
޷Ǵ죬ıӰʧ÷ת񴣬ʵ񴣬á
ʲô
˶
ҡͷ̾ϢһʱԶԡ
޷ҡҡͷзѽ⣬ͷѰףʸվǰԲֻͨա
ʦ֡ŷʣղλʲô·
ʵúá޷һ̯Ҳ֪԰գҡͷ̾һתǳȥ

ԣ
˵Ծ hԼcpĹ˾Բ˶ε趨Сöŵܴ⣬ֽ׶ζҪǿ־ Ϲٺࣺ˭Ϲϲ޷ǣѽ ңҽϹӡ ޷ǣô


221 . 
Сǽͷ, ңһõĲҩ߳ҩ̧̣ͷһɫӿ첽ȥ
Դ˵ز, ץҩ;лüĵָ·, ϴһȦӲҵĿĵء
ҩүӲ, 񻹲á«ɵ, Сó˾ӣңͬ˺ð, Űҩץ롣
ݶ, Ṧȥϸһ룬ɽ·ֶ, ֵ, ¥Ҳ, ûʲôҪ·, ɾ治֪ʲôʱܹصˡ
ң, 䲻һӭײ˸Сָϵһҩ֮ءңҲƽϣҪȴһֻСЬǰҩϡ
ңվֱ, ǰĺŮ, ҵĶˡ
Ů鲻, һ߿ҩɶ֮Ǹ, ǰҩݱһ, ֱӱ˸µ׵Ĳݴ, Ӱ
ˡңŮһʢ˵ģ, Ҳüƽϣֱӳ֣ʮġ
ûУŮ˵Ҫߣȴңź˻
㡭ģôôңŮǺӣСһƲ·һ̾Ҫ޳
ŮϹٺࡣ
ռhԶţûﵽף֮һܱ˳ڳĴתƣ˭֪ɲײңŵһ㶼˴˴
벻վǰŮ˲ӲĲ硣ĿҲãĸҲգҩٲֵǮҲǵðͷϴɡ
ҴģңΪȻѲگĹأ˵͵ô򲻻֣𣿡
ԭƢ²𣬵ͬ޷һˣԽЩ˵ֱӰҭ
Ϲٺ򲻹ҲֻͳһͭǮˤڵϣתߡ
ңȲҩҲǮЦһۡ
Ϲٺ౻ţһӶ͹ˣŵͷ߿
ңҲٹǳڸֵļСл֣ǰͭǮߣȥصᣬղޱЪ£δţȥѰưæҩ˻طУŰ뿪Ƴһۣ޷ת㼴ҩ˳ţ¥ӭ϶ˡ
𣿡һңʵ
Ѿ˯ˡңͬʦֵܶ£ҩҲѼȥӲʡҲǲձá
һüĲƵĵ˵ͷ
˵˵ǰɣջ񣿡ңʵ
޷ǲü㻹ǵڶǸ𣿡
ǵáңһףôҲ
䲻֪ʲôݣ뵱Щ޷ǵͬȥף̫úʵ˵ʲôhǸͻȻҵȥ˵лҪҡ
Ȼأң˵ʲô
˵︮ˣԱҲڴ𡣡޷ǵĻȴǵģ
ôʸңʵ
Ҳʲôû޷˼һگ꣬ƺҲһֱڴ̽ʥйصϢСǰǸ˼˵ģʥ̵ʥŮϹٺ࣬Ҳ
Ŷңɵۣǡ
ʲôҲû˵޷ҡͷ֪ôģҡ
˵ţŤͷһ񴣬ɿһ԰ݣײֲңôҽӣ
ǵ˵ʲôңͿݾͼʥŮ
޷εؿ˿ͷʵ벻ܽʲô
Ҳա̷֧СΪң˼ô˵ӦúϤˣϻȥӦҲǽУ
޷һס
޷ղޱתͬȥһң˵ţ㼴¥ȥߵ¥м䣬Ȼתֳ䣬޷ЦǮȥʩᣬְɣ
ʲô޷չһЦ㻹ҪͬҷּҲɣ
ңһЦת̤ĽŲ¥ݡ
񴿴߿ıӰֿһԵ޷ǣȻǶˣԼͬղޱ֮䣬ƺĪС
˵ڶ죬ղޱкתҲҪңչˣڿջ㡣
ң޷ȥһȴ˱Ÿֻ۷䣬ͽ˼ҾЪȡů
һЩģʥΪ̵ķ֧᲻ҲЩ㣵׳оңƺǰյϸ룬گأӦǰ񡣡
أ޷Цʡ
˵ܾôв˳ң¾յ
Ϲˡ޷˵ţƳĻƿ߽պñǼhϹٺ࣬һ㶣С˵ôɰɣ
ʲôôɣңͷƳһۣϹٺģԶ׼סͷһ޷ǣѹɤʵ˵ľ
ô
Ҹޱץҩȥ·Ҳġңһҡͷ
ǻʲô޷ֻ޲ҿשͷԼһ£ظˡ
Ƕע⵽˼hһУԷȻҲ⵽ǡϹٺӽͳ͵˺üأð춼ûƼ㳶һѼh䣬Сʵôûιӣ
֪hͷϸһۣȴϹٺת˻ȥ
ٵһһܿġϹٺƳңۣȻ˶ǳ˫ɶԵġ
˵Źh㶵
Ҳͬ˵иŮڽ϶թҡϹٺ
թhɻǰڶء
ѽ֪أһǣϹٺԲۡ
Ҳ˵ˡhԾ̾˿
УһֱôɵȥϹٺҡżh֣ȥʡ
ʲôh¶ɫ
ǵǼˣλιӡ
ֻô˵óڣhת֪պңҲתͷĿԣղԶ
ãңȿڣ˳Ĭɰ
𡭡ǶüˣhϹٺ֮£òվ鲻Ըߵ˸ǰ
ңһףʾһͬ
hǿЦЦĥĥ¡ң˺һƿڣż
ʲô֪Ǳˡh˫ֱͷʹ಻ૣôʲôҡ
˵ʲôңûĻʵ
˵ŶûŹ㣬ʲôԭ򡭡h̽ң
ڿտʦá޷յƣڴ
ʦãŶһǸǡʦܣh˼ԣһĸˡ
Ȥ޷ʵ
ûûСh֣·˾ӣ˵˵
ڽʲô޷
ûʲôhһֱӣæ͵Ҿگ̫ãһֱûˣԡ˵˵ţԽױȣһʱյرסͷ
ңԽԽԾֻ޷ǣߡ˭֪ʱϹٺȴͻȻվ
޷üһһۣȴ˸۱ȥ鲻Ըԭλ
ʥˣĪ
Խͷԣֻ÷¾Ǯ뿪ȻźȴδԶʮĬȥǽվ˼䶯һ㿴Ϲٺ뼧hһһ߳ţͷʲôҲû˵Աȥˡ
޷ǲɵۣԶ˱Ӱʵøȥ޷ʵ
Լ˵ģظ𣿡ңΪȻȻӵĽɫʹ˴סֱȥ跨ݷϹҫ

ԣ
h
ʵگ鿪ʼ·ָӵĻңңˣͥλһĿȻ


222 . ֪
گڶ, گԭƳ峤ںϣطסʳҲԽء
ղޱ, ڿ᷿, ˽ϵĸ, ҪġҲǰٰ㽾ݰһ˵, 뿪ᣬִ߽Ѱʳ
گС, ̿ڵʳ, ΪJˣʵڲղޱθڡѰ, Ĵѯ, ڳϽֿҵһʻӡʻõ, ԶԶŵķҷפ, ǰܶ, ﲻ
߽棬վǰǸŮպõһתһϲɫ, ιӣ
Ϲٹ΢һ, , گŮӿ, ˵ʲô, ֻ΢΢ÿ
һ𣿡Ϲٺ̨߽, ѯʱӿζ, 㽫ı˸ûҧһ쵽ߣЦˣ㳢
ء񴱾ܣֻ˰㳡ΣƿܿĿ⣬Ǯ̯ϲͬζıװЩõҰã߳ӡ
ȵҡϹٺ׷Ҳϲҵʻͬ˵ϵʮұ̣á
ңʦ㡣˵ţȻǰһյ£ͣ½ŲתʵܷϹٹһ£
ð˵ϹٺڼϲУ˵ʲôͷ
룬ʵͬʦֻصͻȻˣΪкε֮ΪĹأð
ûаϹٺ죬ΪԣҪȥhӦҺúõȴûáյ㡣
ԭˡԣһס
лҪ˵ʲôѽϹٺ˫ֱƵһ˻Ρ
ʥˣʵ
԰ĺܶ˶֪֡ϹٺҲ˵İɣ
ûзϣǼ˵ʵЩڹֵ̽롣
ʲôְЩϵķ𣿡Ϲٺһת˴
ĬƬ̣һͷЩּأδϣ֪
֪Ĳֹһ㡣ϹٺգգۣѽһֱסûпţΪʦŰ£
ãȻˣ¸ٵŰݷá԰գһʩ񣬵ǡ㼴תȥ
ǹղޱڿջвأȫδ⵽ϹٺǲѰ˷
ϹٺԶֻʧһЦݡ
ᵽ֣ʵ˽⣬ֻĹƳۡ
ʲôϵأֻҪټһ
һĳԼȴǷ֪еġʦ㡱ϣʼչˡ
һʻصᣬ㾶ÿղޱķš
ôôãղޱڴϣ죬ƲƲ죬űԹ꣬ᵽһķҷæ˫֡
ЦԣǰȡһԼϵĺͷŲ¡ղޱȲӹʻֽÿ򿪿һۣһűҧһڣһ׽һ溬˵ô࡭
֪ϲֿζ㶼˻Цó𣿡
ղޱͷЦ绨ۣпȥ
һӵӣϻݷ⻹صö࣬ҡôջôŤ
ֲֻҺˣղޱʻûа취İ취
ҡͷ΢΢мΣϧ
ʱһͷȻվڰ볨⡣
Ųǿòʲô𣿡ղޱֱӡ
Ŷ˼»Ҿֱ߽ȥ޷˵ţڰ뿪ߵߵ
ղޱɫһ
ңⶺȤҲ˵һЦż߽ڡ޷ǽݣڿǽϡ
ôˣղޱŰű泯ʵ
Ŷû޷ǵھǣֹо죬ʮֹŹ֡
˵ˣǶȥʹңԭͬʥûʲôϵֻϹٺϲĴ档ͬʦ磬㳣ס
˵ţü΢ּǼhǸʲôͷϻԭٰŮֺʥ̵ʥŮһȻҲ̵¸Ȥ
ټû˵ͬصǴա޷ü˼
Ҳĸأңͷȥ
Ҳǲܡ޷֣µ˵ͷ
ϹٺһǾûɫͨЩĵݣǲˡңҡͷȻ̾˿
ҽȻڡ
ʱ£ղޱʣıмʵǸղȥʱ𣿡
ͷΪ˵߱ߣ˵յǼhǡңĵҲǴӦúܸɴ࣬˵Ըæ˵һֱסʱȥ
Ӧôɴࣿ޷ǵɴ˫ۣȻԴš
΢ףΡ
ȵȡⲻ𣿡ղޱȻԺȴҲͬˣһͷһͷȻͼ
ͼʲôǼǰҲϵǸϹٺܷ࣬ʲô𣿡޷ǰ˼⡣
ǿɲ˵ϹٺûʲôϵǸhҲܿ𣿡ղޱ᲻ǡh⣬̵֪£ʹӣ
ΪζڴӦ޷ָ


223 . ƿ
ֻϴӦ, ûĽ⡣ղޱ룬ֽҲر, ðȥ, Σ
޷һü, ȥȴ˵ͷ, δ顣
˼˻ƣһֻô˼ɵ뼧hѲϵ, ȴҲû뵽, һйŹ֮һ֪ŮİĽ֮ġ
, ų¼˷ĵͼֽ, , һԺţһ󼱴ٵĽŲ, Ťͷһ, ֻƼһɿܿŮӰǼh
ɣǰȴף, , Ϲٺϲִ˹
Ťͷ, ȴϹٺһ·Сܱǰ, סĸ첲׽֮, Ϊ, , ̫ƿֻúʵܲȰɿ
Ϲٺһ㶣ϻײʱǸ㵱飬ֻӺߣ㼴ֱ
̤Ĳǰ·Ժͷǰͷһһĵ¥ͼhڴ˾ס֮С¥ǸԲεԺӣԺﻹһĸΡ
Ϲٺ౧һԼĪϾ棬Ƶǰ
ֻҪҪûãϹٺ
ײԣ㼴ӻͳŷĵرᣬѰ
ȻϹٺ౧Ȿ飬ŵģĵ伮ƽĺȤֻЩദⱾ鼮
Ϲٺǰ忡ӣ淭鼮ģлϲʢιӴԭ
š񴿴رϵĲ죬ȴֲЩֻ֣󷭣δϹٺĻ
꼸ΣϹٺʡ
ʮˡδ쳣ɵͷᡣ
ȢװɣϹٺգգۣסʵ

֮ˣϹٺ׷ʡ
С
˿̣𣿡
һףŷӦ̧ɻʵЩ
ûʲôϹٺ֣ܿĿ⣬ٴεͷᣬȴ̲ס¶ϲ
СֳݣûˣֻԼǰģͬگŮӣҲֻңһh˵޷ǵá
Ϲٺ಻ղޱȻҲͺλʦ㡱Ĵڣֻղһͷ֮˱Լһʱϲʤ죬ͿЦ
Խ󷭿ǱᣬԽԾҴҷĩβһϣϹٺʵȫɣ᲻ôˣ
ô𣿴ǰɡϹٺرָⴥģҲŷɿװģץر˼ۣȫδֽŶõˡ
УֻϷҲ𴩣е伮
ŪˣⱾ飬ǼġϹٺ԰ҼǵãӦ˭֪ġ
һֻͨʱ䣬ദᡣȴڻ·ģǰõĻ㼴ͷˬӦҪǡ
ˣϹٺ±ĵǰſ˫ۣסȥ·Ͳһ𣿡
ﻹл˵
ԸҾԸ˵
һףʾ˵ȥ
ҡʥ̵飬Ƕ֪٣Ϲٺʵ
ࡣ񴵭
ǣҵ飬֪٣Ϲٺʡ
񴻺ҡͷһŲ֪
ǽʥŮٹ꣬͵ü޵ȥϹٺ
һͷ
һأҦݳǸϸ˵ʥʱἰˣһ֪¡
ԡǲǸϲ˵Ϲٺ䵭ƲƲ졣
Ծһͷ
Ҳͷһر˵
㡭Ͳ˵仰𣿡Ϲٺʧѣſ˫Ҳ
ﻹ𣿡ƽʵ
аϹٺһת΢ҳסĵطʥ̵ˣҲһȤĶĴһ𣿡
ԣԽˣʲôã˿˸롱ơ
ϹٺһֱԭӴˣЩܹݵֶΣֻҲˣⲻ˵ĿĴй䡣͸ȴһᰲӣʼƽľһԡ
ԭʲôĶ𣿡ϹٺȻʵ
⻰ü
⻰ȻסױǳĬԵӣﶼ£ճУǴʦΪŶѡʮ⣬δԺйʻȤ
ƽһθе˼й⣬ݣղޱĲ벻Ҳֻղޱദʱ⣬ƵϿĿ֡
Ҹûȥˡ񴲻Ըٰʱ˷Щ޹ʹ֮ϣҲϹٺĿ˼ͣ½ŲС
ߣϹٺ൧˵½ǣߵǰ㡣
ҡͷء
Ҿ֪ôǧگΪʲôϹٺΪֻòЩĵ׵İĽҶ࿴
ٲԸԣֻǡתߡ
ͬʱ֮УղޱΧſջȦ࣬ʱʱͣſڣҿϺü飬ȴʼûƼǸӰ
ڰɣ޷һԣһ۱˼ңתղޱֲȥɱگαôţ
⼸춼ûǵæ֪ǺΡһȥ˭֪ʲôղޱ˵ţĿ⴩ȺԶԶƳĨϤӰϲüң֣˳һͷ˽ȴ˿δ⣬ԶһŮಽ׷ĽŲ
ҲЦŻֻӵʵôˣ
Ϲٺؽס
ڿӵһɲǣֻԼƱˮ˷У̼ߵʱ⣬Ѹٸ绯
Ц̸˹
еΪǣһ̱÷顣ƸûʵĽĿ֮£Ϊ촷ۣڷɢ
ԭһĵ꣬˵ɾ
ԭĬԡģֻǶ
ԭνʦ㣬ֻʦ㡣ˣָ۵Ůˡ
ԭԭӣ紫һ㳯ĺģϹٺﻹŹҰٰڣԭ㿷䶮ȴ຺ҵʲһ֪⣬ľЩζ
⻰˵⧲Ρնһ㶣
ղޱӦ죬񴻳ѳʵ˵ʲô
û˵ʲôѽ˵ѽϹٺ˻¼ķģЦ˵ЩҲǲƵĹ߰ˡҾ˵ţ㼴֮ػУתߡ
˵˵Щʲôüʵ
ڼεˣϹٺͷѱʺͺͱֳݵÿԴĿӣۼգֻ޲ðһж˺ǰôưոݣ
ߣȰѻ˵ղޱ˵ţסûϹٺ½ǣһУջ̧ʱƼšԶ

ԣ
жŮദʵǱȽϳģû̫뻯 ƶȱȫеˣǵЧӦһҪܶĥϡ ŮͲһһ顣޷Сĺܻ飬ʯͷܸ˵ ܽһ䣬ҲûзǷǡ


224 . Ū
ȵż, ȻһֻղޱȻ˦֣ܽ龰
ղޱص, ͷҲܽ, ȴδ, ȵ׷ֻƼָ, ·𱳺۾Ƶģ˵ߡ
һԲ, Կżȥ
˵˶𣡡ղޱ̧ɤ, ǳ
ߣھߡ֮ͬ, ޷ദ, Ҳ֪ʲôƢ, ˳ӦĻ˵, Ҳлú˵, ԰գң߿ֻĬȻ
ϹٺࣿղޱĬãڿڡ
ǡ
Ϊλ˵Щ
Ҳ֪ΪΣָ, С, Ŀᶨ, û
ղޱֻȥ, ΢΢鶯, ͳĳҭ״, ֻ۲, ǰȴƿ
گʥŮƼˮ꣬ղޱֱ˫⣬ĻԵ޹ʣһ˴ĺ⣿
񴻺ҡͷȫȻ֪λش⡣
ң˵Щʲôղޱҧ޺ʵ
ü˼ֻԼЩƬΣͬϹٺԣһֲ䣬Ϥ档
⻰ղޱΣȻ귽ΣȢסԹıݵߣ񴰡񴣬㵽׼ʱϵ˼ңôôͣ
⡭ֻԽԽڣٶҲΣֻСҪ˵ĻҲݵƻռһأ̶ֻһ棬
ǵôղޱЦоԳ֮⣬Сʱ׽Ū¶øɸɾֻԪϦƻϼһ棬ӡ̣
Ҳǡ񴱻ʵҭסͬ˵޷棬ʵڲʱˡ
δμѻ˵ղޱ˵ϵãϵãʮͬһ½㼸Ϲģ⻹°֮ô꣬㶼ʣ㵽ԵңղޱԽ˵ţԽбߣԣЩֽ飬˹ȥ
񴱾ܱãƳһصʻҩʹ
ʱ䣬ƺĳĵ֮һһ顣ɢڰػ۵ףŽʧɫʵ⣬Ĵ΢΢˶վʲôҲû˵ת߿
¥µ˼䶯æ
ղޱϥڵϣȼһƬҵҩݱмңҡҡͷˣĻҲֵ㷢ôĻ𣿡
ʲôֵֵã꺢𣿡ղޱȻָ޷ǵʦ֣ᷢչĵز𣿡
ôͬйϵ޷ֻĪղޱ˻ûôأԼڧˣ
ǼôΣ㶼ԱߣȴûߣѵҵĴղޱɴ˫̧ۣɤʵ
УԹҡ޷ǲԸͬñ磬תߡ
ңһ¥ݣ߳õıӰĿһղޱ
ôָ𣿡ղޱӣˮȥ
úϢ룬˵ңƽûаֲͬ˵⻰תһ߿
ղޱлȻڵء
ңԺûҼ޷ǣȥ⡣˿ͷںԺʱ˿̣޷Ǿվ񴷿ǰһüţн࣬ȴȫӦ
ңվڲԶ
޷˺ܾõţҲûﴫκζֻתһͷ㿴ңһʱ֮䣬ĿԣԳĬ
˸ϵʱϹٺȻԶΧ۵ľһһۣ֪ȥ
˵ʵһʼǾˣң¸ûôӣȫΪǸϹٺ˽ģǳô¡
ɻǵʥ̵Ľ̹棿޷üͷ˼ɿתʥŮնԡ
عζЦҡͷԳ˵﷭Щǲá
Թ²ͣң̾˵ޱ
޷ǰ˰ָָ֣ȷšң⣬ֻܳĬתȥǰԺ£δ
ʵزѾںֽϵˡң˺ܾòſڣһϹٺŪһΪһˣǴӴ˷ֵ񲻳ǵĹ
Ҳû¡侲ȰȰа취޷εǰû뵽»ֵô󡭡
ңһףû˵
գղޱˣԼڷУʳ
ֱϼ粣
ųصĽŲ߽ãڴߣǰϰŸϵķͬײ;ߣŲ΢΢һͣڶԿյλϡ
޷Ƴüһ˼Ȼ¥ſ̧һƳղޱ˳㼴һָһŤͷ
ղޱľȻǰ߹֣ȴܿȥ־ôڰգֱòŻջء

ԣ
С糡Ϲٺ࿴ϵ޷ǡ
Ϲٺࣺ㰡
޷ǣܵùңǲˡ
;
ղޱȵżʦֳ¡ңп࣬˳㻹ݸղޱš
ңҲǵ˭˵ܹģſǲǺöˣ
ղޱָԶʦֻˣ
ң࣬ӭϹٺ˵˵ûκα顣
޷ǣż˵˵ʲô/վѻ˵
ңŲæû£ż˵
ؿջ˼·޷ǵʯңЦô
ңЦԭô죬Ȼԭ
ղޱ棩ң㶼
ңЦָ޷ǣʲô㿴Ϲٺ໹š
޷ǣңңûС
ң֪ûУ㻹ϲӲʹģϻǸβƣͬҲû/ʹ˼ʹ޷ǼҪʵûޣֻɫˡ
޷ǣСͱ飩붼룡


225 . ʱ
ʲô˵, ˵Զȼգܲԡ޷ǳ֣ʾ¡
ղޱߵյ, һ, ֶŵ, ᵽң
ңһԲ˫ûùĿӼЩ˷ŽһĿ, ղޱǰ
޷ǲԣץƺ, , ղޱǰһǧ, ´ʲôʹ, ȰԼ˯һ, ϣʲôǿ
⻰ž˵ڲ, ҷƢ
Բ, ʦ֡ղޱ鲻Ըƿƺ˵⻰תң¶Ͱ͵, ң, ҡ
˵Щ, ûôСңݸ, ʹ˾ͺá
ҡղޱҧŴ, ܿĿ, ⡣
񴲻Ƶղޱһ, ֱܿȥ
ˣ¶ȥˡ޷ǵͬǸϹٺ࣬ͳҲû˵仰ϴݼһ涼ǵá
ʲôݣղޱһ
û𣿡޷ǵݵƻᣬи˲·ײϹٺࡣûϳġ
⡭ղޱ³鴤͵̧ͷ񴣬ſڣȴʲôҲ˵ڡ
û¡ǿЦЦĿԶ
΢գ˿һۣȴԡƫʱ򣬴ܽһǼh
ǡ׹ӣhߵ˸ǰʵ˵ιȥҹ࣬𣿡
֪޷ӣ·һӲ˵ңС
ˡhѣ鷳ˡʱϹٴҸô졭
ΪβȥҪǣңЦʵ
hû֮⣬ֻ÷Ϊ˵⸽
ˣղޱһ룬ֱӼhûꣿ
hһ㶣㡭ǡ
ϵǰɣղޱһ˿ǻ⣬ʲô岻֣˲ˣ鷳
˵ţȻָ֣񴣬ǳģǵͬȥһŸ𣿡
񴱻һָͺܲڵ壬ֽӲ˼֡ľȻ̧ͷֱֱָָ۵ԼԼιһ˿Գɫ
hڿæ˿ҡҡͷûǸ˼
ǲֻҪˣͲٳˣղޱɤ̧˼֣˵⻰ת񴣬ȥһҲң
Ъ˹ﺰţ˴˵Ŀ⣬ڸɻĻƶ˿˹
ңͼ֣ȴ
ΪΣþò񴣬Ȼڡᣬ̡
ղޱԣȻס
˵ĻҶ𣿡ֱ˫Ŀǰ仰ƽȣ˵󼸸֣
ղޱۣ̱ȥ
˵ˣȥɡңСѼh
޷ػعæʾ⼧h뿪áңվɿĸ첲ߡ
һ߳ţǽ¡ңͷһۣȷղޱδԼhʵܲܰѻ˵
hŲѣҡҲ֪ô£ղλǡ
Ϲٺൽڴʲô⣿޷ܻ価ѹŻҲԾܱĲͷ
h˱ʣ֪˵Щʲô
ʣֻҪͷҡͷͺáңƿ޷ǣhԼǰʵϹٺϲ񴣿
šhԥƬ̣ͷ
ûޱԾǶһˣԽӽңʵ
hֵ˵ͷ
ǺãҸ㣬ղ㿴λղޱͬȥϹٺ࣬Ҫٴ⣬ң£ǲٴţҲǱٳˡ
ͬʱʳ䣬ղޱˣԡ
ãȻڣʵ㲻𣿡
ղޱ⻰һ񴣬ȴҡͷȻЦʵӦˡ԰գȻĿ߿ȫ޾
ȵң޷ǻصУȻ˶ӰȻһۣޱĬشһ£ù󣬱Ի˷С
ҹû֪ڵļ˶ʲôһ磬ղޱûһһ¥ʳ˶У㼴ߵңԣһֻ磬ҧһڡ
ϲʳ𣿡ң˵
ʲôʲôеղޱ³ʳҭסæؿڣǿаѺĲȥ
ңֻĹĵ׷ë˵Щʲôȴղޱʲô𣿻ҪҪȥǼ
ͨ취ҵЩֵҲǷǵͬʥ̴򽻵޷Ƕյ
Ǿ˵ˣղޱȥʦ
޷Ĳ軹ûüȥһ⻰˳δʧǣֻǿУǺԡ
ңæ˼£ղޱʵҪݣ
˵ȥʦղޱգգۣãȻ˵֮ǰͬǸΪʦ֪ЩϢܻҪҵĶ𣿷ҲûҪˡ
˵ʲô޷һ˳ƺپ²񴣬ȴֻǵͷ裬һ仰Ҳ˵
һ̫ΣˣһȥңǸϹҫҲûȤˡܰݳʡ͵ĵơ
˵ţ޷ǿһۣȻЦ˵ǰɣ
УǾʹظ޷лԣֻбһ˫ĿѺͷĻ˻ȥ
ûҪġղޱǻصԭᱻ׷ɱòҵΪʲôҪ
޷ۻ޷ǵһһض£ֲϰʮûˡ
˵꣬յ裬һղޱǰһֱߣζмʮ꣬ôӣԺ׹ٺڿɾˡ
ڲյָ΢΢һȴָֺܿ糣
ղޱҲ˵ͷ˵ġ
˻δʳһ˱ꡣùڻƳɡʦֵܶͻغԺͷǰ޷վſڣȻ񴺰㵽ô£
ڸ޷ǵĻһҲû壬ֻܸʵʲô
㡭޷ǿһ쭵ı꣬ҧ̨ףǰһְͷʵңΪηǵߵһɣϹٺ˵˼軰Ҳˣ
ҡͷĿƽ
㵹˵޷׷ʵ˵ףҲԴ׵ˣֲû죬Ͳܺú˵𣿡
죬һʲô˵Ļ˵𣿡ֱ˫Ŀʵ
㡭
Ҳˣ񴻺ҡͷٵΪֹ˴˶޿Ƿ
ǡ޷һʱָ֪˵ʲôá
ȴƿ˷ţóһɡ̫ˣطȥɡ
޷رյ죬ֻǰ֮˵ţҲһˡ
ţɵǸˣֹϵġ


226 . Ĳ
ⳡ, ͬղޱľһ㣬ա
ִͬҹ, ҹδ, ǿǽǷ, ͷʱְᶼȥ, ڴϣܺˡ
ǰı, ʼƽˮ˽ҹ, żҲʧߣʱһ˲, ĵҲĪʧ⡣ϰ˶, ĸ, Ҳǻع鵽ǰˡ
ֻǰ޹ĳҲûκһ, ƶˡ
˵, ͣЪ˳ʱһҲʰװ뿪ϣҦ۷Ȼյ, 㱻һӴŽɫͭ, ֳֳΧ
ǣղޱһ, ײ첲ϡ΢һ, , 
ʱ, һŻƵɫ, ͷڵӴгһӵĽ߳˸ǰվ˸˵ļĿƽɨΡˣʣУһλιӣ
кμ̣ǰһ
Ϲҫλһ𣬡Ϲҫ񣬵Сǰе뼸λ¡
޷üһŤͷ񴣬ȴղޱҡҡͷ
û¡ңԪʹֶΣһǵһǣֵ嵶
ȥɣ취޷ѹɤʱؾֻǽߡɽж֡ز죬ܿܽ⡣
ԣһףϹҫһ롱ơ
Ϲҫ¶ɫһЦʾÿһԼǰ·֪ת˶ٸ䣬ֱһ̻Ի͵ĴԺǰ
ԭҲʥ̷ֶפң˵ΪϹٺסҲԸڷֶ棿
Ϲٺࡱĸ֣ղޱ΢΢һ˲
Ժ½װȻѵأѰˡʥ̵گڱ֧ţĶѰûʹľɡ
ôųҲ㹻˵˼رһڣ˳ͻҪɱΧ졣
ϹҫԺһֱߵ׵ƫаһųѱ˷ʢľƲˣӶŽΡ
ϹҫͿ뼸˽ǰյٱЦһɾ⣬͵¸ˡ
һԲǰյ˻ȥ
޹»Ƽˮ꣬Ϲٽڴʢ磬Ϊιʣңξյƽˮ
λŮǽžϹҫЦ˵ŮŮкܡ
ҵϻؿãϹּ¡ңݸһЦٱʾ⣬漴һյơ
޷Ǽ״ĸ졣
ӣǿӲ˵ͷңҲƣԸӭͷϴ
㿴ŮֱˬӣϹҫϻضСˣһú˵˵
أǿɰЩ֮񣬴ɲȥѧңƤЦⲻЦ¾յ
ȻŮϲǾͺðˡϹҫ¾յת񴣬ǱãҺǰСһţһˡλŮΪٳλֳɩɩҲΪˣ
Ϲֲлֱ˵޷ǵ
⽫С֪λΣϹҫ
ԣһۣȴڡղޱҲͷ֪Щʲô
ȴʱ񴻺Ϲҫʩ񣬵лϹٽ̧壬¿³ܲ𡣡
ŶϹҫ
лԼ޷ӭȢáƽ
޷λɣϹҫĿǳǳղޱɨ˵ԭ˲Ƕһ˵ίСΪƽޣҲδɡ
ԭ񷨣ƽ񲻵檣޷ǵߣ֮ڵĴٹˣҵȽçΪƽ֮ûʸ񡣡
ȻˡţҲеϹҫͷ˵꣬Ŀתղ΢λϲʲô
ղޱһ㶣ң
챦ҽӦоСΪﾡѡϹҫ
ҡղޱ˿ϹҫֳƳһۣͷڳ˼Ϲٽ˼˵񴲻ΣӦ׮¶𣿡
ѵ𣿡ϹҫõگʥŮ٣Ѱ˿
ӦĻӴԺǲǾֻگĶȥˣղޱʡ
ҲȻϹҫ˼磬ʱԻȥסһ󡣡
ǣǼȻʦʦ㣬źͷⳤ϶ʦղޱ˵ţԾ񴣬Ҽ޲νˡҲǸ˰СèСôΪԼһʱȫΪĳ룿
ԣ΢΢һŤͷ
ѾôԴһΣˡղޱҡҡͷ⣬ϹŲӦҡ
µ֣߬ȭ
һ˿ںӿͷиֳǧȴƫƫʱ˵ڡ
Ծǰ̵Ĺ⣬ʼղȴһʱգֻƬ
λˣôܽǡ롯Ϲҫָָϵķˣ´ͷβͳвȣ
˵ҪӦھͿ𣿡޷ֱ˵ʵ
ȻԡϹҫЦǲһ£
Ŷ޷ü΢
ҼǵøλСһżֵֽšʥе֣͵ǻۡ䲻֪λʲôݣ֪ݣҶԣҲ¡ֻϹҫһתһˣȻ˵ˡ
ԣһȴû޷ЦҡͷگˡϹ֣ĳûǴŷѽãҲԭˡҲûйڹ̵£ǲܸˣ
ϹҫЦλˣҲδ˵һҪѸλĻ
˶٣˵СˣݣҪĶһҪõҪǵò󳳴֣òðǱϾҵãҪģҵȻþ𣿡
Ǹأ޷ǳɫ
Ǿ͵ÿҪˡϹҫָţɫ䣬͡

ԣ
Цʵ³ܹҹеĶܺ˯ֻŮӿ޵˯šףеľ͸ô趼ϵ


227 . һ
޷ǲ, һңһ泯ʦʦ֡ղޱ£һ̧ȱ㱻Ȱס, ˸, վ, ȻһůĻһ, 񴡣
ߡ
ղޱҧҧȳ, , ȥңվϹҫĻʲô˼˵ԼʲôϹٺ, ֻζ𣿡
Ӧˡ޷ǽӹͷ, ֮СΪϡ
ôˣе, Ϊ𲻳ɣƾʲôղޱŭ
ƾƣԼˡ޷һ, ֮кì, ˺θɣֻҪһҧã˵ʲô
ҡղޱɿƳһ񴣬ʱõЩ
, ˵, ˵ʲôҲûˡң, ԭ·۷Ҳ֪᲻ᱻ׷, ܱá԰, һ޷, Ϲٵ
ղޱɿϡڶβ, ղޱıӰֻһ鴤۵޷
һ·ŷȥȴԶԶһڳǰ
޷ͣ˽Ų
Ļ죬׼ңȡᵶȻˣֻܶˡ
ǵ˳⡭ղޱҧҧ¸һ˿ǣȴȻסͷһǡºͶᶨĿ⡣
㡭ʶ֣ȴŤûܳɹҧҧǣԼ顭Эϻôˡ
֮ĻĻһһ̧ͷȴЩΧ
ι޷֪ʣǽ˵ˣ𣿡
ҿɲʲôһŻŮɫޣȺ߳Ϲٺࡣ
ԭϹٹ޷ƤЦⲻЦʧ
гϹٺвȴ࿴ת񴣬ҴôȴҪߡĳʯ𣿡
񴻺ҡͷΪˡ
ôףϹٺһָղޱһͣʲôã
˭һˣղޱŭҲͱѡ
гȻʲôá޷䲻ӹ磬ʦãֺαͬƽϣ
翴ǸѲϹٺ۳޷Ƴһ͵ɱ㡣
ԡ޷ǲΪ⡣
һ飬Ϲٺת񴣬ҪҪң
񴲻ԣղޱʮָ۵ֻ֡
Ǿ͵ҰɱˣһΣϹٺ˵ţ˺󼸲ʾϡ
޷ݲǰ｣ɨХ³ʣһƬпɼĻҳ⽣и֮£ɢμһȦ꣬㵱ॵ죬֮ڶ
˼ˣ־㲻ȻΧǵӣȴѵأͭף̲һֻȴͻΧ
ңƳһ۲Զϰڿһˮƣ߷һöʯӣһֻһն̳ˮȾռĦʱȼ֮𣬹
ᵶ𣬵Ӱתǧ״ŻǣϼƬһƬ
ϹٺЩɵңл𵶣׳ޣͼ߻𵶣ȴ޷һЩصıҴţֱ˱ӣ˿ߡ
Ϲٹè򣬾ͱڡµһǰŪˡ޷Ǽ
ʲôµһʲôϹٺŭ
Ͻ磬㸲ǺӡңЦɲʥ磿
ݵȺΧȴΣңЦȤǺεȵĬ
Щ۽Ƴղޱ¿Ȼѡ
ɲ֮ȱٵ𣿸ЦģղޱʶʮأȲʦǶ֮겻Ĺ⾰˼ߵľء
뼰˴бȥһгĸͷбб˳ȥڵϡ
ϹٺԽŭȴָֻ½ϹϡղޱԧΪ̱ϳʵԿúܣʵͻơǣػȴǱѡ
ԽգֻԼ⼸֮٣£϶ᴦܣ
Ϲٺվһԣ¿ɸɣſţƳֶӴλ㣬ҲûôϲȻԼҪﻹҪͬ
˭ˣղޱǶǮصԴ˾Ͳ𣿡
ʦã̫߿ˡ޷ǵóһƣµþȷ塣
㡭Ϲٺʲô£û㣡
Ŷһллˡ޷ֵ׽һתʹһǡΣ¥⡮˶û˭ܵ𡣡
쵰һҪͷϹٺŭ
Сãɱ˵̫ң沽Ծ𣬲һͷ𵶺ɨһ˵ݻ͵ͬݵ䡣㱾£Ͷ̥϶ҽлжŸҷųֻ
㡭Ϲٺֻһ죬αù죿һǳԿȫδռϷ磬üš
ȻʱĿһת񴣬Ȼ⣬磬˼Ҷϲأ㻹ѽ
ԣüһ
롣ղޱҧſȴȻԥˡ
ϲϲǷ£˵Լˣ벻Ըͬȥǵ£֮ڿڣ
йǣվЩĳ꼫һ˲ķЩһ˴СһֱͷĶƳ˾æֺὣܿͷϮѳꡣ
ղޱػһʱס̧㡭
ġ԰գ󾢷˵ϻ־֮С
ղޱĲɣȻϻʯʹƣٰ綦ô̿ͿŶβƣﺮ֣˻ػ
Ǹʱ򣬶֮ǰû
ԭΣЩػֻǳڱܶѡ
ղޱֻ¿ģϹٺ㿴лл˵ñ˰Ҫôңҿ϶㡣
ܱܲ죿ŭϹٺ࣬ȵ
ѽ㶼ô˵ˣ˼ҾֻˡϹٺǳǳһЦı졣
ǰ㻰ղޱЦݲȻ뵽Լ⼸ܵĺȻ˸͸
ңţ̷ϣ˹С˵ô£⵱ڶܷģ
ǲҴãŻôңղޱȻ̧ۣ⣬翣̡
⻰ֻ˵ң˶ڰΧ֮УüҲü֪ģĵƽһ̣Ѫۣս֣΢΢һͣһ֧꿰߲ҪƤ⡣
޷ݲԾǰֱָͦţ˿
˿ŤͷСרĶԵУԵĶǺ󻰡
һԵңҧأ̧׳ʣֱȡϹٺš
Ϲٺྪһ˺󣬸ʹüվһǽǰײһؼף侢֮ȵߣĦջǲУڵء
ϹٺɫңҪɱң
ޱˣңСġ
ղޱ㱻عĿɿɨȺü󷨣ۺ˲һʱ滹
Ըңٵʹһеġ־ȻڣһſѪڣǰĽ˹ȥ
ԡղޱָϷλһˣ˻Ĭ·Ҫ˼Խңۼһͦ𳤸꣬æԶԾǳ귶Χڡ
ɫ䣬֣ȴһ뻳С
ֺὣ𿪳꣬ͷʵû°ɣ
ҡղޱѰۣ˲ϻشĻһ˫ת÷ɿ죬ٿһָңҲһˣ
ңɫ沽Ծ˫ֺ񳾱ˣһ⳾ߡܲͷñֱԴѹһһȥ
һƣȺ¶ȱڡЩʩרѵȲѰçƳ̱˲ϡ
ֻһɲĹң֮գһ֮ǰͣӵնϹٺࡣ
Ϲٺ෢һУ̱вֽǰػ޷Ҳɱ⣬󣬺ὣ֧ꡣ

ԣ
乥ɾˡ Ϲٺɫ˵ıԭʼĳͻ޹غƾԵԻߺܶƫ۵Ķ Ϊעûкý֣ԱֳȻĶֶʵٿήʵֺγǵӰӣ


228 . ŵ
Ϲٺ൱·, Ϲҫܡ
Щ̣Ԯȴñ˭졣
񴻤סղޱԮǰ, Ȼ, ӵԾϳ¥, ʾ⣬ݲǽ֮⡣ʣ, һþ罣洫һ֪ĵ, ѷǳ˿ƥ, ˲ЩҲȻᱻס, ֻ֮, ƾмǺ۱ɡ
ղޱһ, ̱㽫ƿŤͷв, ˸۵ô۾Ҹʲôô, Ҳ֪Сĵ㡣
û¡
û¾û£ҸղޱƲƲ죬ֻԹɽǰнҲ֪߻ôôôһȺˣ
ԹҡȻ, , , Ҳˡ
ν, ɵ, ղޱں, Ҫ˼Ķ㲻, 㵹ǿԿǿǡ
ôŰƸüһΪһʼӦϹҫ
㲻ӦֲҲӦղޱҵƣһûء
Ҽʱ
˵лԼô֪ղޱû
ֻѵ˵ǡ͵
ŶǾûлԼҲûˣղޱƳһۣҪ˵ȿ˿ڣûҲҵ£ԺҪϲĹʦҲĲ硣һݣһɽϵرҲ㣬ǰɣ
һʱֻñ졣
ͣղޱһĻ֪ôӺοڡʵڲ²͸˼˼Σʵݣ
ڿЦ𣿡ղޱͣ½Ų۳ôˣмҲܻأǵ㰲ţ
ûô˵üԽԽ
Ǿˡղޱ֣ǰȥ
ޱ
ʦ㡣ղޱ߱ߵĲ𣿡
Զԡ٣ͲԴǣղޱƢ޴ӻ죬ֻĬĬ
Ըûû˵ִȻԿµĳĬȴֻ̻̲
گؽ磬ɽвľԭвͬ໨ݳι״ֶвղޱʼս˫ۣͷǰнж滨ݣ֦ڡҲ֪˶ԶȻˣ˴͹ɽң
״Ҳ˵¡
ղޱԱܿЩ˵ûôʦı˶ռ
Ա죬ȥ
ղޱһǰɽ֣ĬΣȻ˵ʦ˵һݼʱ򣬶ûסˡ
š˵ͷ
ǵڶμʲôʱ򣿡ղޱʡ
ڿҺʦȥʵ
ǣһղޱʵ
ڴͬףʻhͻȻ֣ʦֽ˳ȥϹٺˡ
ͬ˵ʲôղޱ
һüãƺһ˵֣֮󡭡˵ˣ죬Ҳᵽݡ
ǵղޱЦһȥг֮⡣
ô֡
֣ʲôղޱվӸµǣƢ㳳ܣҾϲû£ûҲңټˣͱûһᡣ
񴾲û˵
㲻²ģղޱ̣Ҳ˵䰲οĻ
Ҷˡղޱӣղ·ϣϳŲپӣЩɫ޵ģӦûɣ
˵ǰˮӦӡ
Լȥòܡղޱ˵ţĹǰȥСô겻ˣһʲô¶ɲ𡭡
վԭأԶȴ˫ۣ·һ㣬첽׷˹ȥߵӱߣűҪˮץ㣬æǰסţһ˻㲻ˮַô죿
ôղޱͼ֣ȴʼͽͣ˵÷
ҴˣְͷǿаӣȵԼӣͷƣ˵Ҳִüóһʱ˵Щɥҡ
ûԼղޱĻҲԷ֣ĺݻ˵ġ
ޱ
ʦ㣡ղޱ̧ɤƿƾʲôɢɢ;ͺ֮֮ͣȥҵʲôҲ鷳㵹ˡԲѾӣ㵽׻ô
Ѽһ鴤ޱ
˵˽ʦ㣡򲻶𣿡ղޱȾƣ룬ֺα˵ôࣿ»ִ˵ݻɧ͵ȥˣ㲻ӷһأ
һ˵еĲ౻𣬲ɲ˵޷ִ磬Ҫѿᡭ
ղޱһ⻰̱˻ָҸ񴣬̽Ƣ㷿룬Ժ͸ҷŶߣ˵ôˣǾ㵹ãʲôԹңƾʲô㣬ЩǾ͹
˼꣬ԭϹٺղ˯䵽ĽҰأһί죬ʱסһ뷢й˳
˵ϣҲһȥЦҡͷǣҶˡ⡣԰գ˫Ŀһƽ˵
ղޱһۺȥȥŻŵĶȻ˸󱥣ںӱ߲ݵҲᣬֻĬĬһԣһԲ
ֶ߲·ҲϷֻƢⲻߣȻ˼ΣҲ߿һֱվһԣֱƻ裬վþˣеЩ֮ĲݵĿȴһ࣬ȫ
ղޱһԱϥ룬֪ϥ˯˹ȥ˯ˣӽбֱſ˵ϡ
ӰȻеһ⣬һղޱŷ˯ţ㼴ߵԣ¸ϣϤ߽ǣ¡
ȴʱȻƳ۽ǹһᣬס
ղޱУȴسҭ񴿴˿ֿ˿Լ˫֣ر񣬿һ뵽Ǵ˿̰ѣֻ棬ѡ
˵㼸ôˡղޱгҭ˵ʲôҪҭȥҼʱ㲻ù
ԣ΢΢鶯ȥۣȴԥˣͣڰգź磬
Ҵ˻𡭡ôʢˣѻ˵㻹˵ûΪʲôҪ˰ղޱҭֹ
ЩڶУʹʡ
ô𡭡˭ҪһղޱԾɳҭţƢֹŹֲ֣˵ȥʮꡭŸ˭ǷǮƵġôˣһ߹ˣȴȴҪҶȥ
ԣͷ°ٸн顣
ղޱ˵˴Ȼסֿһ˯ȥԣһҹȵ峿ֽѱӷ紵ñ顣
ʱղޱȻ£ɴ˫ۣ˹
ûɣʵ
㲻䣿ղޱû
񴲻ԣֻǾзɿιҹ龰мѰ뵽Ĵʻ㣬ֻ뾡찲οȴһѽ¶˻ߡ
ޱûչ˺㡣һ£δϣǷɿվ˵
ղޱһ˲Σعͷûëɣ
һҶ𣬲ԹˣӿŲߵԣ䲻ġ
ŶղޱӦһֳĬһҶˡ
ҡѳζǣ˼ãҲ֪˵Щʲô֪ҴˡҲΪԼ֪çײһδλ£ϻǣҲǡǴײɣ䭺ı
ˣߴߴ˵ô࣬㵽ʲôղޱһۣ˵ҲԹ㣬ٷҾˣٳҾͲһ˻ȥˡ
ޱ
ʦ㣡
ʦ㡭ޱ㱻ƽȥԼΪԭ£һζ˳æĿڵ֮һ̫̫࣬١ε£ǧԹһˡ
ѽ磬㶼ôˣأ
񴻰һ룬ͻȻϹٺʱסɴ˫ۡ
ղޱྪ̧ۣԶɽ´ȴϹٺһʯݲݼ䣬ǹһĨЦ


229 . 綯
ǰһ, Яղޱǽ󲻾ãԮ֮ʣͻΧ, , ɽҰ֮С
ң䲻ϵô˼ЩĲľ, ȴɽдУ޷ǵ, ܿ٣ɽ, ֱȷ׷, ͣ½Ų
޷Ǻȳ鴤ȥ, ݺסСȽ, ۵졣
ȻصԭԺ, 跨ҵǰңһֲһ˵, ȵë, ٲοɲˡҿɲҵķ°ȳӡ
ڲ˵ʱ򣬡޷ǿĲŤŤվֱӣ, 跨ҵͲޱ, ϹٺĿǡ
Ҿûô鷳ˡң֮Ա, ϻǸٳٻ鷳
ٳ٣޷ǶָеΪİ, ˺þ, ż, ᡰŶһ, ˵ͷ
ôңȤ˼Ҷأȴ˼Ҹˣ
ʲôأ޷ЦͬϹٺҲûһ뱻Լȥ飬һǲҡĿİˣҲܽأ
˼˵˼Ĵ㣬ûЩƵ˼Ϲˣң΢Ц
ûô˵ң޷Цֲǰ񴣬һ仰Ƶͷת˵ˣҿûκ¡
ûң̬˼Ҵϸͷ㻹ˣ֪ܹҡ
е޷һףǵȹ󣬻صԭʲôҶ
ðңӯӯһЦָָ˵ġ
ʳԡ޷΢Ц֣ȥ
ڼϲãhҲҵϹٺࡣ
Ƕȥȴ־òԾ;۷֪Ϲҫõо̱׷ȥ˳űߣȻϹٺһߡ
ˡϹٺƳΪ
㾹Ȼʥ̣Ϊȥʣȴû㣬ˣҲ˵㲻ڣhʵ
𣿡Ϲٺ఺㲻ϰңһȥҴ磿
ǰ˵ãҿԲܡhͬϹٴҲһˡ
籾ͱ㿿סϹٺԣԼҲͬһ졣
ǣҲ٣hϵˣЩ£ﲻ𣿡
㵽һߵģô뿴Ҽ޸һӱ𣿡ϹٺĿ䡣
㻹ʱ䣬꣬ѵҲǵ𣿡hʵڲУϹٴ磬ٿ⼸ꡭ
ҲܣҿеľһҪõϹٺ˵ˣ꣬ж೤һʮôһˣ˵ʲôҶӵ˵бŷһ˿ühԾ˸䡣
࣬㲻˺ˡ
Ϲٺҧгݣ㲻ϰңͱҡ
ôΪ˰һ£hҡͷЦˣࡣ
ǡϹٺкȻ¶ˣҼ޸һӣҲ͵ͷˡ
h⻰ͫ׼һ
ҪϰңҲˡϹٺȻ书ǺܲҲҲҾҵǵ䣬Ҳ׽סǡ
࡭
󣬵Ҽ޵ǣ㻹֮ǰԼ궼𣿡Ϲٺۺͨͨģƺѿ޹
ҡҡh֧֧ᣬΣ¶Ƶģáҿ԰㣬Ӧңβ
ģϹٺϲüңǰã㱣֤ɱˡ
Ҳ侮ʯŪ˼ҡhҧҧΧһڽǡ̫ˣⶼɽҰ㣬һ˵ԼҲá
ҲǡϹٺˬһ֣Сѧϰ׶϶֪ô롭ҪǸŮ¶ɣʲôĶ涾ݶԣһΪӦһ𣬵ҵˣٰѽҩ뿪
֪ô̡h˵ţ㼴ɿ֣ԽӲĲȥ
Ϲٺ׷ĽŲ˶࣬ű˵״Ҳһɨա
hױگѧϰ׶ɽе滨ݣΪϤǷ߹Ҳһ۱ϳһ·ѰȻЩټϹٺ׷˹ȥ
ңǣ޷Ѱ·ͻȻŲ̻ӿȻûãĽŲʧˡ
˭𣿡޷ʵ
ŲôᣬֲʹṦĺۼѰ书书ǳĸͷС֮ˡңܡϹٺɡ
ֹһˡ޷ǵ
˵ңս֣Сǰ̽·
ǰղ¹ꡣɽйŵܾһʪصĺضϿ֦ʯݣϻɫʸĹŹ֦ͷҶʱʱˮ䣬Ҳ֪Ǹҹ꣬峿¶ľʱгԽУһƬ֮Ӳݡ
ǰˮòɢ뵵ԽŨܣסԶѱɽ֡
޷Ǻ̧סңʾֹ
һϳż̵ĺںȻȺһ㣬Ȼ֮䱾ͲĿ϶Ӷһסǰȥ·һˣڲ趯צˡ
ߣңһ޷ǣʱ·񱼶ȥ
ѸӣסңƳüһ֮ǰƳȥ̼䣬˫˫۾ƣû
޷Ǵ󾪻ͷХ£żһһ֫ɫѪˮȴȻüͷϸ̴붼ûѪնƱǣ޴֡
һᣬХ£ͽקһңϵɼģһþȫһʸ˺ӵһԡ
жͬ˶٣ңţæס֣
ףҲۡϹٺĵĻӲԶ
ңȻ̧ۣƳϹٺ뼧hһһ󲦿Ҷߵǰüҧء
޷ǶԴ˺ᣬԾɵϥңǰ˺ŲϵЩֹ˫ֶѪ죬޼¡
ƹأ㲻¸һϹٺǻֵ˵
hü΢̧׳һѵɫ̣ɢ֣Ҳ𽥱ɢһƹҲң£صԭλãŻصҡ
޷һգصڵء
ңɫҵͬңȴʼ䶢ǰˡ
㿴ҪԸңֺαȥҴأϹٺ࿴һۼh
Ұ㣬Ϊͬ㡣hȻ
㲻Ҳ𣿡Ϲٺָ޷ǵ𴩹㣬ô룬Ҫͷ˵ţ㳯˹
㶯ԣңƴȫһ޷ǰȴص
޷ֽСĻ
˵ò˵ģhͻȻȵҶ֣̰Ҳŵ
Ϲٺһ⻰ֻ˻ȥ
ղ˵ʲô޷ָƹ٣h

ԣ
hǸҪĽɫ ÿһ̵涼ģÿ֧߾鶼Ϊ˽ɢɢܣָ


230 . Ҳ
ƹٿʹ˻ƣ, һһ˥ȥʮպᷢȫζh
h޷ŭ֪, ڶ, ұɱ㣡
ûҪǵhԼ, ֻǡʵڲ˺Ǹ
ҪΣв񴣬ЭңĿ⵭ɨϹٺ, һЦҿھ㿴, ա
ð, ҪҾȥǸŮ¶Ϲٺ
쵰ңŭ, Ҳ֪, վ, ָϹٺôк壿ǿӦ, 㲻ᱨ𣿡
ΣֻҪҼ, ͿԲˡϹٺЦҪ뱨ҡ˺ңҿ԰ѽ
ֻҪһҸ˲ˣΪηǵңѪ˿ݺ, ɳơ
ǿɲ, ϲ, 㲻ΥҡϹٺ໰һ, , һһ, ҾҪҵͷ
, Ǻʺʲ壬Ķ֡ңĿѣ֧ȥ޷ǻС
ϣһд֮ɣϹٺ˵ţҪǰȴ޷һѴӻͳţѸߣ
ǡֻʮյʱߵ̫ԶûҵˣǾͻģh
ѽôʲôϹٺƲƲ죬ˣȥǸŮѽ˵꣬һһ߳ӡ
ŮŽСˣȴǺ֮١
޷ḧңգɫãȵϹٺĽŲȫʧתhʵȲͬΪҪΪŰ
ǷġhӦҲˣҡҲֻˡ
ɰͻãҪǵһսƷŪڹ֮𣿡޷Ŀ䣬
ֻҪԸӣ಻ẦhȻͷ֪֪ڿãġΪҡ
hԽ˵ԽǼ˫ҲʼʥŮҪңֻ裬ѧϰգҲʥдȨɼңҲȻᱻΡʥŮһգ޾ĥ¡ȡΨһĻᣬһֻʮ갡ǵʦãǣᣬΨһѡΪξͲܡ
˵÷Լ𣿡ңҡͷԳƵЦЦıƵĸ飬ǿкã
hĿҡͷһԲ
ԣҹĻ٣⽥һļž
¹⴩ңڼϣ״ƽӲʯ̻
޷ǻסң֣Լϥ䡣
ңȻ¶ЦգͬͬѨҲ
һΣˡҡͷ̾
ңԣͷĿ˯ȥ޷Ҳս֡
һҹƹ˺ܾãַ·һαѹȥ
޷濴Ϸߵ̫һѣΡ
ʦ֣ң㣡ղޱĿ޺һִٵĽŲ˹
ңۣղޱײײģȻҡͷ
ôղޱ޵滨꣬ڶ˸ǰָңݣס
޷ü̧۳ǰȥƼޱϹٺԣһʱ̣˫Ŀҡҡͷ
ôʲôܳҪ˺ǣղޱͷϹٺະ㵽ôҪôܷŹǣ
ⲻ֪𣿡Ϲٺ˫ֱ󣬵ҡӣյǰƵ˵ô磿ߣ
㼸ʱˣƽúƾˡ
ڣԭŴ˷ͬе˲ŵԱȫضຣǻݶ顣Ǽ¿ʱ⣬Թԣ
ղޱʹ޲ѣΪԼݿҲԼ޷ȫ֮ˣֻ࣬类̣ʹ಻
㶼ûӦңô˼ҷ˰Ϲٺ˵ţȥ۰ȴܿĿ䣬Ƴղޱһۣɭɭô˵ǲӦ˵ţҪղޱȥ
Ҫô󷢻ʵ
ȣͬһȥϹٺ֣пȥ񴱾㣬Ƴһʹ޲ֹղޱȴһ˲̾һĬĬѡ˳ӡ
Ϲٺı۰һ·ȥ·һõߵĺһʱʱһĸ첲ǰȥҡֻúܣȴѡ
ղޱңԣСĲĬȻǰĶɫȻľ
ңжƣ·òΡΡԶԶŴ˾ȻһЦ
ң㡭ղޱȥ
ΪֻҪѧ书ܱԼߵˣ㲻ǣƣ沨ңЦֹԭһɽһɽߡΪңȴ˲һ
֮죬ȻΪݡ޷˵ţĿⲻƵƳhſɣ˷ȥսʳ
˶ñ˵̫໰hͷȻǰСԭ·˺ܾúܾãԺ󣬻гӭܿ㽫˴ȥԭȥǴ̻Ի͵ĴԺ֮ڡ
Ϲҫվ⣬˫ָֺǺǳ
磬Ϲٺɿĸ첲СϹҫǰƵЦҾ˵Ұõɣ
h塣ϹҫƳһۼhЦ
h죬ֻӲػػȴǰ
Ϲҫٴ룬ǼƫǷʢϯ
ٺõľƲˣʳ֮ѹѵζ
ղޱʼշ棬ĬԡϹٺһ㣬ԣʱʱпȥղޱһֱ޷ӦȻ§񴲱һڡ
Ʊҧһ㣬ܣܿĿ⡣
ǰչ˵Ǽλιӵʦʦ㣬£Բس棬ܺˡϹҫһʾūƣһЦ
鷳Ϊʦһˡ޷û
ŶϹҫת񴣬ôʦںδ
һҡͷ
ɽУפصķλױ¶һ̣ϹҫܷκһȥҪϷˣ췽ҹ̷
ȻˣǾֻպٲˡϹҫЦǺǵҸպϵüλˮǺˣձȥգСιӳɻ顣
޷ЦֹſӣȻǰ͵һȻϹҫϹٽЩı湦򣬵׻ʲô˼
ϯ˳ȥңһ˹
ңͷ֪Щʲô
Ҫ˵̵ܵ޷֪ϣȫ棬лȫ˵˳ֲɣ¶˾ͷ
ָϹٺ࣬Ϊ˸ֵ췭ظƱҲ¡ͬΪ֣Ϲٽ׵ı£¿ǰҲѧ
ʲôϹٺȫö˶˵ģʲô谡
ҷ裿޷ֻЦôϹٹЩʲô
Ϲٺӿɱ⡣ң۽Ƴֻ޷ǣ¡
޷һͣͷв֮ɫȴǹԹ˻ȥ
ңһԲʢһȷԣ޷ǰ룬ʢֻһ˫ֺͬʱ˳ȥһ볯ϹҫһϹٺࡣ
Ϲҫ书ʱܿȥϹٺûˣһһζû˷ѣȫϡ񴱻ԣΣܱԱܿٻͷһͷʪ͸ϻŰ棬ʹ࣬Цҡҡͷ
޷ûϵдһ٣񿴼ˣҲ˿ȡ
Ƣԣ˵ٶֱ࣬Ӷ֡
ղޱһ㶣ȴǡ
ң󣬵˵潫ϣתȥϹٺ౻õһҪ˵ȴǰ޷һѿסţԴ˦һײαڵأպƨŵأࡣ
ƹ֮Զ䣬ȴҲֻǴֱͨ˰ˡ¸ڣϹٺּ书İ׳նԣʤ١
վסϹٺܻҪ׷ȴϹҫס
ϹҫһԲɫÿ£ʾ⣬ǰǰסˡ
磡㻹Ϲٺ༱
ˣλϷϹҫ˵꣬ɿϹٺ֣߳⡣
hԿ־磬ʼһԲɫԭĮݣȴֶԴ޿κΡ
ң޷Ƕ˱ڷ᷿ܵΡն򱻷ֿϵر䷿ڣд֮ʵΪ
㷽Ųҿڣһķˡ޷ǵ˱ˮߵߣݸңһ֣ô˽ˣ뵽ô
ʹ𣿡ңӹյЦʡ
ʹ죬᲻ʹ죿޷ҡͷЦмοΣǲ֪ô졣
ھ⣬ֻ׸ң´յˮϣҲ󣬺αػô
ңң޷Ц⣬ȻʵնϹٺô˵ǵҪ𣿡
ǿʦʦãΪǵ²گôܲܣң
˵Ҳδ֡޷ǵϹٺ಻ײ¡Ҫ쳤ؾãǰϵöãֻҪܻԭа취ǰ첻£зⳤϣʦʯϡٲãҲ뷽跨˴ߣǲ֪ʱ򣬲ޱ᲻
ţң΢΢ͷв⣬ǶԷǻأôˣǺסõİ취ӦϢԶȥ
㶼뵽ˣ޷ü΢򣬡Ҳǲܡ
ҶãɲޱҪô죿ң˼ǾܻԭôĻ£Ҳ׶༪٣һɥǳ¡ɲޱһʦţֻɹúܺá
Ϲٺ౻ݻˣοگʥŮΪˣһ᲻ֶΡ޷԰գͷȥпԸԸܷ׻ӳ졣

ԣ
ϹٺʵǸĽҲϷԵģֻеĹ͡


231 . б³
᷿֮, һַüͷԣ˼, ԽԾġ
, ϹٺŶ, ߵǰֺ, ҪǿϣһŹǣ
һ, ܵú, һϯȥԡͷһѶ, Ƶó, ǾĴġ
λ֦չ, Ҳö࿴һۣԾɱĿ, һԲ
ǻ׵ĺŮվǰ, ҲῴһۡϹٺ
ֻ֮˲ŻΪ巳⡣ҪûŮӵĳˣֻǳں棬Ҳῴۡ뵡ѣָѨ, ﴦ͸ƣ
, ĿڳݻͦġϹٺϳ, ǰ, 
ʵʵ˵ѡ
һأȥʵ, ƽ, Ҳûٲɹǰ, װ˾ˡϹٺﾡǲʡ
ԣ
ǳ߽Ѱ£ʶľ̸֮⣬ȫ⡣ЩԼɥʧøУٶЩᡣ
Ů˶Ҷ֣ǵң㵽һߣϹٺõʦ㣬һԹ۰ɣ
˵ʲô񴻺ۣʵ
˵ҲһΣұȥһ˭ۡϹٺ˵껰վ
Ȼǰһѿסţ첲š棬۵
ҪֺҶڡֱϹٺ˫Ŀɫ䣬ŭͳһұ㻹һֳУҲ顣
㡭㡭Ϲٺɱ⣬پ塣
Ͳ׿в֮ˣϻݣԼɱذ顣
ֻҪ㰲ͬҳɻ飬һǣϹٺ̿˵ԭ˲ǳ˵һԾŶѾӦңҾδӣ㲻˺ҡ
Ҫѭԭ񷨣ұ㡣֣űߣɪһţ޷֮ͬұ־룬ĪҪء԰գԻصԣ¡
㡭ҵšϹٺ༴תŷɱԶ
ԽԽԱȥղޱУڷ˹ȥ
ʲôղޱ˸ۣ
ҵĵ̣ͲˣϹٺƤЦⲻЦǰ£˱衣
گе򻨲裬磬ʴ
ȥͬ˵˺ö໰ϹٺһڲˮҺ˵ʦ㰡
Σղޱʼһô
ʦ㣬곤ΪҪϹٺҿҸЩŮˣɸòۿˡ
ôͻز𣿡ղޱؾ
ҿɲǸ˼Ϲٺ޹ֻ˵Ưʱ϶á
أղޱ˵ɣҳ࣬Ѱɾ͵ü޸گϲҲͬ⻹𣿡
˵ҲûôáϹٺװģ˵ЩҲʲô˾ʲô˶巳ˣԲŻҲȤŶ㣬ôߵģɣ
ԣ𣿡ղޱ֪Ǻ˵˵ȴ̲סЩȥӷƣ̲סĿ⣬ô˵СѾˣҡ
ô˵ԺҲϹٺɫԽѿʱ㼴ߵűߣͷ˻ڣ֪ͨʦ㣬գǧȱϯ԰գֽһأһԶˡ
ղޱͷȥűӣסȴ಻סֻ棬°ûڡ˻߾һۡ
Ҳ֪ڴ˼ҹҹμ尾ȥġֹգϹٺ˳˵ǻѶ˱ʮ
ֵ³ӣֻʣա
Ϲٺ˵༤ŭĻղޱȴʼһԲֻȻŻҳݽǣֱתš
վסղޱȻҪһ棬ͽա
ΪʲôѽϹٺ㵱ɵְȥô죿
㲻𣿡ղޱ棬ŤͷȥӨ˸䡣
ʲô˼Ϲٺػͷ
Ȣ㣬˷ޣֻҪһ죬㶨Ѱղޱĵҿء
˻棿Ϲٺ˸˷ܵĹ⣬ȴֺܿתΪҲ׾ɱ㣬̸
ԸãպܷŹ𣿡ղޱĿңһʦţмˣĸԸΪӵֹľ𣿡
ŶЩϹٺ˼ǲﻹһƿƹٵĽҺ£Ҿ
Ҿӡղޱҧأһһ
Уջƻ裬㣬Ϲٺ˼Ƭ̣ͷӦգ㲻Ϸ¶ҩҾҪÿ԰գתš
Ϲٺ൱Ȼɵղޱŵ񴣬ֻ֪ͨһټղޱһ档䲻ΪͻȻԸɿڣδҲԴεýȥС
ղޱԣŽݣһ˲
ǲжûˡ
ᣬֻЩ˵ղޱҧҧǸ֮ǰǲǶ˵𣿴ӴԺֻͬʦܣбĹϵˡ
ԣһףȴ
ֺγǰǰദ񴦾ɶ֣ٶȥֻһ
ֻͬ˵ײ²һǰ;ҲҪԡԺ£ֻҪлᣬֻҪطΡҲҪղޱĿİͰ˵ţĿȴԾö
Щû飬ԣǺεȵļ尾
ǰ£˵
ôһ֮ɻģǸİ֮롣
һ˵ߣĥҸ֮ˣ໥ĥ
ԸΪˡ
ֵղӽ͸뿪ķţڶϣһůĽɫңƣ纣˰ϼȴѻı䡣
ϴײ¡ǿǿҲࡣҼǵǸʱЭ˳ӡʼնùղޱѳζ´ʣһƱ죬ȴǹƵŲ¡¿Ǹӣ̫ˡⳤҲһϣĵǸҷķ
ĻֻĬĬͷȴ˵ʲô
ǡʦҲ϶㣬ԡ
أȻʵ
ңҺõúܡղޱƲƲ죬ôϻʦ㣬´ء˵Ҫģôʳء
һ⻰ºƱشһȭ۵üϢ
ֻϣƽ¡ãڿڣ˵ҲߣҪúñԼ
ղޱһ⻰ˮѻ۽ǣȴŲ¡
ձ꣬սңң
̶գȹǧϳѰĲ֣ӻʱ⣬ȴδлһ˿һĿ֡
񴡭ղޱػ㱣ȻͷԲ𰡡ǰʦ̫ˣǴ㣬⡣
ͷһ죬֪һڱ㲻ɱǰᣬֻصͷ
֪ղޱ֮ģֻ֪·һϣȻزͷֻţдù⾰ɲغϣٰۡģֻ룬ǵĮ
ɶղޱԣǰȴĲ룬
óϹٺˣΪ룬Ȼһ档
޼´棬ֻܶ࿴һۣҲǺõġ
˵ûУԺϹٺĺűǲִٵĽŲ
ʺղޱ̲ס
һ̣ȻĽң޷Ƕ
٣ʱ򣬻飬϶


232 . ҹ
㱳ҵ׸ʲôhϹٺ෿, һѶеİСƿʵ
ѽҪùȥϹٺæȥ, ȴhƿ
Ҫø˭֮ǰӦʲô, 㲻ǵ𣿡hŭ, ɱҩ, 㶼𣿡
ҶǼһˣһʱ, ˭֪Ƕʲô, ôԵңϹٺƴᡣ
hһ治ԣ, һѽƿ˳ȥƿʹ, һرһƬƬ, ɢĽҺƵذ壬ܿʧ
ȥ, Ϲٺ˵, ҪߣȻͬˣ
ѽȥҿ𣿡hȵ
ϹٺŲһ, ͵ػعͷ, ݺݵһ, ִܿ
hԽİıӰ, ȻЦ
̱, ˼𽥻㱡
, ױⰵĸΪȫ, иһ͸Ҳⶾ֡
͸ˣһ·Ӵܣگδⱻҵ֪䣬ϣҲɡ͡Ϊ
֪֮Դ֮ǸѦαӣ޿Ҳ޴Ӱݵʦϰ䣬ֻͨ͸ָαװݣگأѧϰ
֪꣬ʥ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵȻȥ
ʱϹٺ࣬ҲǸӣС꣬ӽʱ׵ʥŮźϹٺĽ֮꣬У̽
ڶǰʮϹٺ࣬Ϊ˲ҷּhùǸ˵ܣ·ڣȴˣ㶪
£ֶʥмֵϹҫԴҲһֻۣһֻۣگ
ǷŮʥ̫࣬ڵΥĵҲ
ֻΪõһˣȥкһ˵hϹٺȻҪ˵ҲͬҪ
h˼ãӻͳһֻīСƿһɫ裬ŵǼᡪƹٵĽҩ
޷ȷϹٺ뷨᲻б仯Ȼ͵һҩǾһ͵һء
Ȼˣⱸýҩ֦ڡ
ڼh㵹ڶŽҩʱȴ÷Ŵ󿪡ʶսȡǿŽҩͷһۣȴϹٺһƵĿ񱼶һֻСƿܡ
ʲôh׷ȴߵˮߣҩƿ˽ȥ
ƿѿˮ͸ҩ㾡ʧЧ
ҪҩȴҪꡣ
㡭ôܡhȻ˺󣬿Ϲٺгɱ⣬סҡͷ
ղޱʦֺɩɩȥϹٺָûнҩңԺҪʲôܣ԰գٴ˿ȥ
hվԭأĽʣһöҩս
ôĹΪһּ⣬һĿҲʶǸϹٺࡣ
۽𣬺ѻ
h᷿ǰԻԺ˽ȥ
ڣڵϣʰŲƬһ죬̧ͷΪ죬Ȼû뵽ᵽ
𣿡޷ŮϲܣȴԸ׷ʣҲϸԸύϾȻ£ǰ͡
ҡ˵ϹٺҪɱǡhĽҩʱ䲻࣬ҩֻʣһţĶϹٺˣ˭˭Լѡ񡣡
޷ǽӹҩ﷭һЦҡͷֻһţ޷ҩ¶֮ˣô㣿
ұh۽ɽׯǰ˼Ԫޡhָңϵĵ֪֪ĺˡҸףΪѦı֪֤ݣűұһϵˣҲң
hԪޡ޷Ǵ󾪣Ѧʦ𣿡
㸲ѦûɾҸ֤ݣǼߣдɱɽׯh
ǣʲô֤ݣңʵ
Ѧıɱ¹šh
˵ʲôѦıɱ¹ң󾪡
ץ£͵ѦУѦɱ˼£¡hһһͨ½Ӵ˱١
ԡѦĴɱ˳¹ңʧɫ
hӻͳһֻңŵݸңٿ˻ȡڵеϾż򿪡
ңһ۱ϳѦıʼ˺һ
Ҽּ޷ϸһţüԽ
ѽ˵ףˣh˵ţת޷ǣ˵հףѵǡ
ʵҶǰþΪ޷ǵңҽ޷ǡҲȷ֪Ůҡо罣֮һӡ
ʣгֻ˵һ롣
ȥɡ޷ǽҩݸңŮ书֣ĻᣬЩ
ԡңٸҷϻţͲ׼
ңң
죡ңƳһۡ
޷ΣһĽҩһɣС
ңԹԷҩɳһ
ɾʱ޷ȴȻ۽뻳Уǿ󾱣Կͣ⽫ҩУͬʱס򦣬ҩֻñȥ
ңδϵдһ٣ȵȻƿǿŽҩȻ˳źܻ븹С

ԣ
ΪɶҸô黹д֣ ˷


233 . 򵨱
Լĳŵ, ҪȫȻ޷ǵʮղŷ, ֪ûа취
ңһ, ȥ, Ƶһԡ
ֱʱ˲Ż, ǰվһh
ýҩ֮٣hĿɿڴ, , ҡһлҪ˵ʵ
´лֱ˵вУ޷һʱ֪˵ʲôá
ҡֻ˵һⶾ֮, һеͨh, Һʦ, һֻҩƣɽ, ҩʳѪ, ⶾ֮󣬱⣬ֻѪ裬Ѫп, ô˷, ʮ֮, ֻѰ, 书ô, Ӧֻ, ܸԭˡ
޷ü˵ġһеͨǡ
ȥȡҩ, һһٶգҲȷڼϹٺЩʲôǷµ뷨hԣ뿪ڼ䣬ǾԲκζϹٺʧȥΣǵŶ˵ǽⶾˡ
ңԣϢ𽥻ָ㼴ӵʰһƬգֱָűߣһֻӬضϺǽࡣ
תȥԼhһͷã㰲š
h뿪ʥ̷ֶ档ϹٺֻҪԼϾᡣ
û˿õĶֻܵղޱԲãղޱ֪ң޷´Ȼȷ⣬ʹҪ֣Ҳصõȵ϶Խɡ
Խ˵ȴϹٺԽĽ£ȴݲĪ˵֮٣Ƭ½Ҳš
½ƣ͵ȥң޷Ƕ״ȷϺ󣬺Ȼ˸⣬ȥhסǼ䵹ѰúڴӽҳһֻľС
ľ֮ڣһֻͨڣɱݣһĹֳ档
ǹƳ档
ϹٺԼǵãǰʱ򣬼hɽԽѰֻ֮ơ
ƣҵɾѪθʳΪãhʱ˵ƣֻܰһˡ򣬱ɡ
ϹٺϲؽƴؼУڣҳһذ׻ָ⣬ѪǸɱĹƳ֮ϣ彥ñ䶯ʱϲѡ
ʥ˲ϰ¾ֳܱ֪Ϲҫ飬ȻЩԴ¡
ҲΪѧϰЩֻһ֪⣬֪˾һɴ
ֽǼh뿪ϵĵաϹٺҲ֪زֻãh˵ƳΪϹٺѰģǾϹٺĶ
Ҫ˹ǸϣԶֻܳΪˡ
ϹٺľУ񴷿С
ӲţԴϰΪҲûٹ򣬸
ҸıˣϹٺӦҳɻ飬
ҪΣĿƽ
֮ˣй
ơϹٺཫľз棬Ų߸ӣ¶ߵĹƳ棬ֻģԼҧƼѪ
һԲĻš
ɳȥʣԺۿҩˡϹٺ಻ŲæhѾ뿪ڣǵϡ
ԣü΢΢һ
㼧hҲͣ⡣ϹٺԴһ־ڱصãȫȻû㣬ȥѽ
ԣ˳ȥԼĪһյĹֻתɫҡ
סȥˣϹٺҲֻǰһŲ֮ط֮µϢҲ˼˷һ˿һҲ̤ȥ
תԣľﻺ䶯ֻƳ档
ƣӽֻҵˡϹٺɷ
ǰŮ鶯ȴǸĶˡ
˽кڰ׶棬ͨѧϰζԴƶ
Ϲٺ࣬ݣδж谭Ȼչģ
֮ԶαҲ
Ǹͷβħ֣ͱţζһ˿ƿԣ
ȻˣҿҲܰѽҩóϹٺҲûʸ̸
񴴽΢һ˿Ц漴ֻľУڸǰϷľǣйƳ档
ղޱĻڶ𣺡Ǹ׳𣿡
˻
𣿡
𵱳ղޱļʱ龰״һһֹڡʲôһ̹̹̰󣬲ֻһˣҪܴ˳ͷ
ɲ֪ģղޱǰ˵Щ¡¿Ǹӣ̫ˡⳤҲһϣĵǸҷķ
ΣҲҪ
üһͷµջأȴѲֻڵĹƳȻģҧƼѪζұۣȴûֹֻƳѪŹƳ֫壬һ̴֮ȫģ˺ѷΰľʹ
Ȼڵأ͵һŻһѪ
ôģϹٺ˫ڿڣ𾪳ðƣ㲻Ӧ𣿡
ľȻֻ̧ۣкаְ⣿
ĳˡԡġhhأϹٺྪת⡣
ǰһڣٿȻڵأʧ֪

ԣ
һֱ뿪گǰǴҵĿĹ ˺


234 . ͬʼ
Ϲٺ಻Ҵ˵¹֮, ֻȥѰhһһҹȴѰӰŻصֶ, ȴһ㵵ļh, , ǰסhҡ
ʲôˣhͷһ˿ԤС
Ϲٺ಻Ҷ, æصԺȥ񴷿С
hڵ, Բ, æǰ̽Ϣ˷ش, һƳϵľ, ɫ䣺ƣܶƣ
ҵ, ֻܰһˡֱ˿̣Ϲٺ඼֪Լ˺¡
ٵǸ˰, ֻðηұġhɫ, ûй㣬ȴƣⲻǡȥ𣿡
ǡô죿Ϲٺűסhĸ첲, סҡε, ȾȾûٹ, ҾҪ޸ˡ
ΪβҵĻΪηҪ˺޹, һߵ棿hʵ, ǰǸϹٺ, ȥˡ
h, ϹٺǰhȾʲôӦ㣬òã
µ񡭡ֻʣһ취h˺ô󾢣Ŵ޴лع
ΪʲôϹٺ޵ͨ졣
ƻų޽⣬Ҳ֮һΨһ֮ǽŮ㡣hߵԣ£Ů㣬ʮŮʬɣԴΪͿĨȫ÷ЧùƳг壬ȻйҲʧǣߡҪǣ֮ʱ֮£Ѻͨͨǵá
ǡҲСϹٺվƴҡͷ˺󣬡һô죿ҵĺ·ҲὫҴʧ֮ˡҲɡ
ԼĻȴԼʰhһ
ȵȣϹٺǰһһŵղޱģ֮ʲôǵãô˵ԡ
㴳𣿡hŵϹٺ࣬Խô˲ˣҪӣ˴ҪǺã
ţϹٺҧȥղޱʹ࣬ʹࡣ
࡭̫ˡhߵǰʱֹȻ׵Ů˽һʣѲࡣδЯóȥȡطеңҪ˿ҲκʳˮҰźˣԻȥ㡣
Ҿ֪һңϹٺϲǰȥһѱס
hһԲֻǾߵԺУϹٺԶЦ
Хһسhӻͳһֻƴ¨ᶨսȥ᷿
ƹٶԽ޷²˴һմͷ˯ȥһʮʱֻʱšң㲣౶м尾ȴΪֵֻûûҹߡ
h߽ŵʱԾɻ˯ţңһѣǿ˫ۣ
𣿡ңнӹװŹƳ¨͸ķ϶ڿȥֻƼһֻһڣһ׵Ĵͷֳȥ
Ҫôãң㶵
ģԼҧƼȥh˹Ѫ裬ⶾ֮ˣÿһ缡һ㣬ǡ̼֮ܶʹࡣܵס
ֻʡ˶һô죿޷ǳãȴ˸ңͬh벻⡣
ġhҡͷûжΪʳһ
棿޷ǽŽɡ
档hƶͷ
Ǻá޷ǳ˿˵ͷ
ޱͷΣңߵhǰʵϹٺΪѹ
һҪǵİhϾ棬붼ɵġҪң졣
޷ĬĬȡƣԽΪʣϷ˼֣漴hͺá
hӹƣʵϹҫǲǴӦǣ棿
⣿ңʵ
ԣֻҪϹٺ޷֣Ǳһƽ
h˵⻰߿ȴңһô᲻Σգ
ʱƽԻԭͬǺԸѦ񡣡hδֱ⣬˵⻰һűעûϵصͼֽ㼴Ų߳ȥ
֮ʣڴ˵ĶԻ
ң˵á⣬󲻹㿴˭УǸҶ
ٶ˵һϻ̱ԭ
˾£֮ͷҲƽһȤЦʵۡ
hҡͷЦ
ϧֶһִеϹٺ࣬ԶҲ᲻ˡ

ԣ
Ƶ÷Ƕʱȥġ
¸ˣ򵥴ֱ


235 . һ߿
Ϲٺ෿, һűϹٺĻôˣ
˵ȥſϴӦh, ȻĻ, һ, »ᣬֶΪأ
ô˵ҲɫϹٺ˵, 㳯ſ˲֮ʣhѸָöľ, ְϹٺ縮ضѨ
Ϲٺ۷, ԵhӣϢ, ܶ, ֻˡĪҪԹҡ
԰, hϹٺ࣬Żش, ѳһöɫСҩ, ػУֽ֧룬غ÷ţܿҰ, ȥղޱС
ղޱԼhΪɵ, Ȼһ, סˡ
, һ, Ϲٺѱס, ܴ, hڶ£ƣΨܽ⿪
ʲô˼ղޱ󾪣ôˣ
ϹٺôڡhΪƿԸıһ˵ģⲻ֪˹ֻΪñ֮ȥڡȫ޸飬һ£̷Բѡ
ôˣղޱƲѣǰʵ
ܽƵģΨŮ㡣hΪկɽĴףطѰһӣͿĨȫ䷢ЧãֻǣϢ죬ҷߣػɥʧ־ϹƳǰڻߣƽοƣһ̣ҲƱػ㡭ǣ㡭֮ܶŮ֮£Ȼ㲻
ʲô˵ղޱȻǡҪΪԴΪҪЮعںã񲻺鷳
hȻԭǡ
ѾҪһϡղޱˡ
hƬ̣ڼ䣬ǻң֮󣬲ǵ÷£ֻǡҪһϣ£ػպӰ죬ԡ
Ҳ˵ǵ£ղޱ⻰ɫչľګһͷãȥ˵ţ㳯֡
ʲôh첻ѡ
ֻѰŮ£ͨᳳҪԷ𵽵ס
ղޱȴ֮ǵҪ֪£ſϰݡ
ճ꣬ȴ硣
ղޱ뼧hˣһʹԻһʩչṦݶУ˺ôһȦӣ񴷿ƿӴڷ˽ȥ
ղޱڴϣĿ˯꣬Ǽһᡣ
һϴɵĻ龰вϸ֣ۻһĻĻ·ա
ղޱԻȡһֻƴСİ״ӹޣƿǣһŨķҷ֮к
޴⣬ءŮ齣һ̰㣬䣬೤ɴᴹɴ㣬续
ͬʱԺһ˵᷿ڣңס޷ǣڴأˮ͸ʪʹҰްʹģҲҿһ
޷ǻµÿһǽڣƱһšϣͬ򷭹ײһҵǷ·˸ֹסսڼѹѪҺһαڣһһ˱ֱһ飬ɢҡǰһƬ軨Ǵɽ¹ȥ˼ǧءùƳʳѪ壬Ȼߣǰһڣֱ£ʡ¡
ңƳ棬ڴϣͬʬģֻһ㺮ԭء
ڼ尾һȴʱȥҲҴ
һͷҩƹ壬ʹĥ
һͷǻ컣㡣
ղޱڿֻڵҧָ˳ղޱһַӣһִӴù¨ƳװУǣ΢΢ת֮ϴͷ
ȴʱձӿһ󼱴ٶȵıϢȷӦѱѹ£ࡣ
ģվˡ
£龰ɬֻֿţ۽һι̵顣
ۼܵĿ࣬ôͬķʽ˺㣿
׿ڶ˵Ļ
һ·ʼ񣬲Խֺ
ԵģŮ㣬ΪƳ棿
ֻ
ղޱԸ룬ǵصʹдȫ˫Ŀǿ꣬ߵ쳾ҡ
꣬ӡ
һգ˯ȥ
ղޱһǰһ۴ͷװŹƳ¨ֿ˿һԵ񴡣
һüĿ磬·𷽲ŵķֻһΡ
֪ͬȥˣղޱʰЦݲҵĴŲãƫƫ㡣
ѣֿһۣżȻ뱻֪Ҫαװ㽫ҲãһϡŴæƳ棬Ҵ뿪ӡ

ԣ
ʵǶԱµĲͬдһʱҶŮʶµļأڻͷоղޱʵǲôֵġ
Ѿ͵ûˣԺָŮԽɫ죬Һܲ


236 . ֻд֪
ң޷ǳҵɫ, ˼ǧɹȵףججֲ, ֪δš
ʱһȥ, ˼Ҳӻ, ȴȷʵͻȻһңȻ, ʱͷ޷Ǿ, ˫, ڴϢų
㡭ûˣңĿͣƳˡ
ôˣ޷, ȴһץȥ, ͵ҧһ, һʱûܷӦ۵õһ
ˣңһ, ´, ȴЩ޷Ǽʱǰȡ
ûû£޷ḧ, ο, 綼, ĸعѡ
ңĸ첲һ, öˡ
׿, 䲻Ӳⴳ, бܿЩ, լۡ⣬ȵԼСɽǰƼղޱûǰһݣȥۣŽƲʮΡ
аˣ޷ǰȥϸһô˻Ƶģ
ܣղޱһۣݶ˳ȥ
ˡңŲ̻عͷȥƼhһǰһ˹
ղޱ̱ȥװʲôû
ɫôôˣ޷Ǽɫѣư˴ҹĶĹһ㣬ȫѪɫʵ
Ϊǰ˹ƣӰ졣񴵭
йƣ޷һ㶣hȥ
ģƳѾ޴󰭡hƱϹٺԼȥã
گʥŮҪˡ޷ǲпûӡ
Ŀʼδ뿪ղޱӱ֮ɫԽûǰ֮ѷֺǵãǶԱǰںǷλ£ÿÿ𣬶ʹѵֻԭ£ͺ
û˿ԥش޷ǵĻ㾶ߵղޱǰޱ㵽ڻǲԭ𣿡
ԭʲôղޱĲԭҪЮ˹𣿡
ûĻü
hƲԣæԼ˵ҸǵĵͼگȫòЩ֮в֪ǾöСġУɫīЩ·ߣʥΧڣǧȥȥ
ΪΣңʵ
ʥ̴˴Ҳ̹֮ʣѧϰگʹùЩֶΡأӴ󣬽вٸǡһϣǱǲҲѷɡh
Ҳ˵ǰûг֣ϹҲЩǰ׽ǣң˼һ٣Ӳ
Ҳգбǰˡ޷תңѯ˼ʲô㡣
ԭ
Ҳá֮ǶСģ۷·ҲУǧġh˵ţִӻͳöɫ裬ݸ˵Ǳֻܶţϣô
л޷ǹлӹűܶ˿ֱݸңղޱˣ
أңʵΥϹõ˼گҲȥˣҪͬһߣ
һҪ졣hҡͷİɣ书ãסҡȻصԭ跨ǡ԰գָ̹ǡĿԶȥعͷֻƼԾɶղޱǰס˵źû
ˣ𿪡ղޱͻȻΨֱ֮ƵģԶ㿪ǰԶæ׷ϡ
Ƽһʱ֪˵ʲôá
ĽʯбܶҲʮġң޷ǣԶԶŶ׷ҸϵΣȻһ㣬Ťͷ޷ǵ˵ܺúòޱ𣿡
ҲŮˣӦ˽𣿡޷Цʡ
ҿңޱֻǿ֣˼ȴϸúܡʲô뷨δػֱһֱϽܣȻĽδ⡣
Ҳûӡ޷ҡͷƢԣͬ˶˵仰ѵã־󣬵òޱɱ˶ѡ
ڶ䣬׷ղޱһ֣ȴ˦
ղޱͷĿ⣬һ˿塣
ôԽĹŹ֡˵ӣʱǶִˣôҲӼӥƵģڣʲôһ㡣
˭ˣҡղޱͷתߣȴֱ˻
⼸ϹٺΪѹ㣿˫ְͷǿаӣʵ
ûСղޱ´ɥѡ
ޱȷľٶ޷Ҳ㶡
ҩƽⶾ֮ʣǽʹǷɽʯ˳٩ղޱԴҩ˰ɣ
ôʲôղޱһۣ
ûʲô޷Ǽоˣ֪ԼĵǶֻ࣬һЦҡҡͷ
ղޱĿصϣϸһȻʵй
šһס
ô⿪ģղޱɫľ֮̽⡣
ӡ󡣡룬ֻǵŵһص˵ڷеơ
Ŷô˵ղޱһתΪ֮ǰյڵǸ
ֹЩ˵ӳǺҴҲԣҲá
ղޱ⻰Ʋƿȥңԣסĸ첲Сƨ¡㰮ȥľȥģң̲ſ㡣
ޱҡ
ѽ㵽Ҫ˵飿ղޱŤš½ǣҪʦ㡣˵⻰ʱûʮּᶨһ˵ţһӱƵıȥ
ü˼ãߵԣ֣㿪ҲżԾ̽ǣ
ңȻԼվԵΪ࣬æһԣȥ޷ҲСȣʵȵˣЩӲˣڻ𣿡
޷ҡͷԣȻָָһԵΡնˡ
ղޱ񴣬Ļ˸ƵģԱŤţȴ֣ҲˣֻǱŤضţֱƵġ
ңңҿǰµºиӣȥ̽̽·ô߲ܹȥ޷ң̧֣ͷʵ
ңʱ⣬߿
΢΢ףŶԶǸһ˿΢ЦعղޱʵһֱҶ֮ƺЩʲô

ԣ
񴣬ղޱ˼ԱȽϴͳһЩܵһټ ղޱǷڻԼŮӡĹδȫѴͳ˼ά һĸӢ黳ԼСҪһ棬ӦΡ˼ ѲѵﶼڣС˵ҪӦ࣬а ڷԼ ԽɫֲۣǶ˸


237 . 
ҪҾֱ˵ЩƵġղޱһ⻰˻, ȭͷϴɻû£ۿ, Ťűȥ
ҲǸ˼, ֻǾ, 㻹ңػΪ˴, ȴ׶Է⣬¼, ϶Ĵȫ, ֻ͵õģ, ʦ, Ĭ, ֻһ񣬱֪˴⡣
˶, ּ˵h˵, ϹٺͻȻڣ˴ƹٵĽҩֻʣһšǻǫãʦװ½ҩ, ǿжɸ, Լҩƽⶾ, ܴ֮ࡣµ, Ҳ̸Ц
ղޱ, ĿԾɶ, Ͽ
, ͬԶڵģʦȴ˵޷ȰҲض롣ֳΣ֮ȱġʮĹǰֻͷ֮Щǵͬŵ壬ҲԽΣΪʼնˣԽԽ㣿
ҿŷͬ㳳ղޱһ
˵Լ˵֮ʣ˷롣ΪСģȴ˷˽ġһֱ㣬㡣ҪĸŸԻʧȥ̫࣬õ̫٣Ż¼ɣ᲻ؽϣȴΪܳΪ͹ͷβҴҵð˾أδӦܵġ
ղޱƽͷһ˳ƪۣһʱסãͷ㡭ô˵ô໰
ĿԵɲǣֺ£ϥǻȥ۵ɾô˵ҲǺ¡ͬദܵСӡʵţҶ֪Ӧദ˵⻰Ȼ¡
ֻʹ۽෺˺죺ǶǴǰٲˡ
ĿϿңȻǰ˵Ļ㼴˵ʵڲС㲻˵Ҫȥҡ
εģǰɣղޱٿصۣҲ̧ࡣ
񴲻ҲգԶס֣ûԣҵȷν
ǲͬʦִ̫ˣҲѧղޱɳ˵ģ
ûСЦʵЩ·ǰҶһֱ⡣ԺײҪЮвʣȴҲ㡭ңȻԣһֱҵ֡һ̣Ҳãһǣ
ղޱҧһԲ
Ϲٺʹ˵ԭʲôȤĵطһʱ벻ֻǵôǰʮ꣬ϴȴκˣκйֱ㡣ʼע˫Ŀֻгֿ⻰ֻ̻صߣ£Ҳˡ
ղޱã·ҪϿΣһѣţô죿Ҳš˵ţ̧ɤϳһԣ׷˵ݾͻݣⱲӶ뿴ˣ
ҵ㡣ȴ䶨ػؽ졣֣أһ껹꣬ʮأһҶȡ
ģʦȥҲȥղޱ˵˵ű㿪ʼȥϲˣӣҲֻܽʦ㣬ű˺򡣡
ⲻ𣿡Ц㣬ů紺磬ǣҵ㣬ҲܰǡѡֻҪãҶ⡣
Ҫղޱתǰһѣ޵ֿҲŲӣŴ˼ȭһ洷һԼܵίԾӴ־ԽԽأֱЩס΢һΣͷ˼£عջ˫ֱǰ
ˣһڿڣԼϢ泯
㡭ղޱ죬װ񲣬ҹᣬʼʱʹĺãѷ֡Խ˼Խ֪ôãȻ޴롣
ʱ˻ת㶡
ǰиӣٵ߰ɽ·ܵңлҪ˵绻ط
ûʲô˵ġղޱСǰңǰ߿
ɽ´ǰȥڴнޣЪһּǰС
ڼ䣬ղޱбŤҲû񴡣ȻȴδƣҲɶչмӡ
ʮɽдУмhͼֽҲ·֪ߵһƵСǰ
ȺɽСׯشƫƧȴΪ֡಻ͬŮӣһʢװЦִڽͷ·Ϊĳʢʽ
ô͵ʮղޱȻ£Ƴһۣ˵мæȻٹһ죬ĳЩ˾͸ʧˡ
޷⻰ȻʧЦδȬûЦ㷢ҵĿԡң״ǰ˼£٩˵ǧӣͣɲá
δڣ㱻һڵ͵ߣôһ˵Цá
ԣֻǿ˿ղޱҡͷһЦ˵
ղޱһۣһתȻңǰ߸˼߳ʦֵܶ˵ߣյһͷܶСǰѹɤʵң㣬ͬʦ֮䣬᣿ֵ֡òɿôͲõġ
ңüͷһ˼ڤ죬ڵͷǡйһᣬݣú˵ģȫͬһ£ﶼˡ
ǡǺôˣղޱϴ
ң룬ֵ𡣵ȴ׷˹Ұѻ˵㶼⿪ˡ
ǡȿĿڣ㣿ղޱʻ߹һ˼ңиֻɫŽᣬҲδᣬֱӴС
ȻңչյԲͣͨʲô˵ö࣬öࡣ
ǻʦƢáղޱƲƲЩ˾ưҲƨ˵仰ð˼
˵˭ңһЦ˳˵ҵڶ֪һϹٺ࣬ûôأôŪǳӣ
ⲻ¡ղޱƲȥ
ҲȰʲôֻ߹ң뵽ʲôֻҪˣῪģֻȥˣˣ㹻ˡңҪһֱôȥв죬ûӽĺá
ղޱŤͷŲԶĽ룬ǲԾƲȥ
ңôңҰ취
Ҳ֪ôͺðɣֲģͺðɣֲġղޱ˼ãȻһƣȻʣߡ
Ҳʱ޷ͣһС̯ǰ͵̯ʵλ壬ʲô壿뿪Ҫĸܵ
С⻰Ŀɨֵܶ˵ֵͷȥ·ûƵģߺ
ߺãǵػ޷Ǵ˵رﲻͨδʣȻһƼղޱСܶһԶ
ͺˣ޷һ˱Ӱ
ҿûʲôˡң߻ԣű̯˳쳯СһǮ
С̻صһǮ
˵޷ǲ첻ѡ
ô£ңһֽǮһֽӹӣһŵʵ
⡭ҸղɽȥܲܵƵġ޷¶һ޹֮ɫ
ңһüתС壬ȥôߣ
ɽȥС
޷ǼΣһ˫۾ɵϴ벻ô¡ң̲סЦֽߣҧһڣ˳ְĺɫᡣ
ģ޷Ǻʵ
·һλҵģңЦޱҲһ
ðɡ޷̾˿û˴ҵĻҲûҶگȷҰֲϣЩȥĺá԰գ߿


238 . Ҳ
һͷ, 񴲻ղޱȥ䣬ɴ˫, һģ, 㶵ôˣ
ͬ˵, ղޱ룬, Щһֱô, Ҳˡ
šû˵ʲô, ֻܵͷӦ˵
, ˵Ҫһɢ, ֲҡղޱ, ˵ǻԺ춼ûҹ, ô䵭Ҿǲôԭ㡣
֪, ԣҲԭ¡
ǡҾ£㲹ҰղޱԽ˵ԽŤԾӲ, , 벻Ҫʲô, ð롣
һ, ðû⻰˵Ǻ˼, ÷˵ͷ
ղޱ˵, ۼ, ¶Цգ§첲֡
˽ʱѹʱɫĺǰǳɽ룬һ߱ûһգֻϢһźü·ؽҵһҿͶޡ̨߽ңæµ֣Сļͷ
ǻ̧ͷһۣңֿղޱüͷһ¶ɻ֮ɫˣҪļ䷿ʲôס𣿡
ţңһ㶣ָָ޷ˣڣȴǻӹŷƣڶ¥䣬ŵģԼȥ
˼Σһʱ
Ұ䣬ҼһҿסŹ֣ȴҲδҹִңƣֽһ޷У㼴ղޱ¥ȥ
طô£ǰ̯һƵû£޷ϸ˿еķƣ˼飬ɻͬȥͷУֻʰһ÷űƿһ
㲻˵ⷿѶȥôûסǻԼĪʮģϹƵģԴ̽˳¥´󺰡
۾ûëɣ޷ĸзѽ⡣
䣬дԴĻҲڿһۣȥÿ˸ڷţɻң˵סһ䣬ճģҾ͸ˡ
ʲô߰ģǲ𣿡ңָ޷ʵ
Ҫôһһ䣬ҪôջطơǻƷ·ûĻԹ˵š
ղޱҲ𣺡Ϲ˲ɣ
ң㣬һʱñ磬޷һֵ㣬
޷ԣһɣ˿ңֿһ񴣬ֻҡҡͷͷСһ䣺úչ󲽣ߵңǰ˿ղޱȴʲôҲû˵
ĪղޱܽڷУϷţڴ
һԲϵպ˱ˮߵԡ˭֪ˮյݵֱߣղޱ˾һ㣬׽յڵϣ͵ǡ
豭أһȦֱ䣬Ųٶ
ղޱһ۵ϵĲ豭ֿһһ㵵񴣬ŷӦҪ˵ȴƽʰմ˻ҳĲ豭򵥲˲Ż棬һֻµģˮ˹
˵ȷЩŹ֣˰ɣ˵ģڡ
Բ𰡡ղޱŽӹ豭ͷһСһСűвˮ
ķӦֻԼ֪ô¡
յһһѹͷȹһңһ㱾ܸе־塣
û¡һᣬҲ̫ȫһϢ㡣
šղޱԹԵͷ͵͵̧ۿ˿а룬յŮɥʧǣҲһɣ
º֮ˣ䲻˵ȴһؾ֮񣬼ǰʱ;һңÿҹϢҲֻǺ½أԶԶģްء
֮Ĺϵһֱô򵥵ˡϾʲôҲǵãԼ˵ˣҲǸͽա
ҹղޱڴϣޱԼʵʵֻ¶һԴֻ⵹䣬ָӸһ㡣
ղޱԲԲۣĿתһҲ
𣿡ʵ
ղޱ죬һҲԡҲ񣬱㼴ڴأ̽̽¶ȣվȴ˺ΣЦʣôˣ
һֱô𣿡ղޱȻʵ
ȻЦ
ǡ˭ܱ֤أղޱ
ȷĬƬ̣£ڱŵջ졣
ԡˣҲˡղޱ˸泯ǽţӿһŨ˻
ղޱ񴲢ûвֻ̫£ԼҲ޷ȷǻľʡ̽Ӳ²⣬ϾΪԼѸ̫ţʵڲټѹֻܽ߾ܶá
˸£ѰȴȻڴ⴫һ졣
ղޱ⶯һ죬ߵǰ鿴ȴ˶ڴߣ¥ԺеһŮӡ
ŮǰһֻķѵĻ衣ڿͷڱ÷ŻλãȴǿտҲ
ŮҲ̧ͷ¥ƳȴţҶһۡ
ңش
ۼŮָ񴵱ϣһղޱͷ˴
⡭ô°ղޱɻѣ˵Ҳܻᡭ
ȥ˵֣򿪷˳ȥøڷţպ߶˵ĶԻ
ղŻ᲻̫嶯ˣ޷ǵ
㲻ӣͬ˿м𣿡ңһԺճմ˵ԻаƵġ
޷ҡͷ⣬ţʾ˽ݡղޱһżʵң㣬ղӵĻ𣿡
ң˲ϻشĻֻ޷ʵѵãûһ𣿡
ȷ˵Ǵӽگʼһֱ¡޷𽣣߰ɡҿҪٲֵ÷⡣
ʰװҹɫȻ뿪͵꣬Ȼ˽ͷȴǸΪ龰һʢװŮӣͬ翵ķ˵Цһӵǰȥͬһ
ЩŮӵ䣬һֻŽᡣ
ңͳᣬŵǼţᵽһ󼫵κλݵķҷ
Ѳͬйأղޱ㶵ĪΪҶűܶԲš
šޱͬȥô¡ң˵ţ㼴ղޱЩŮзȥ
ǱȺУӵ߹۵Ļ·һյϡյУһж˺ϱϸϻ°һֻ󶦡ʢӨ͸Һ壬֪ˮǾơ߰ӣϷ˿յ
ЩŮӣʩʩȻ󶦣Χ£


239 . ͨ
ղޱҿ, һɻң
ңԣĿŴ󶦺ϻһƾɶͷ׵ϸ
, ǵʢ, ϸλվ, չ˫ۣ, ʥˮǵ鳩ɡ
ЩŮ, ϵľյ, ҨСʥˮһЦź¡
Ψңղޱվڶǰ, һ
أϸʥˮ, ߵ˸ǰ, 
ңǣɲϽӹ
ղޱ̽, , ȴϸȻɫյʥˮˡ
ңܿһá
ղޱڰյֲջأ䱻ң, δܱⱻҺ, һ, ȴԭȻ峺͸ġʥˮڵɫ, ˳ָ, ڵϡ
㡭, Ѿˡϸ̧, ָղޱ
ҡղޱͫ׼һʶңƳв죬̿֡
Ҳǰɣϸָбңӣվ
Щ£ͬʲôϵң̹ȻǼվĹ𣿡
ЩʥˮŮһ£ɫٿȻεȴ޷ǵĻңңô£
޷Ⱥǰӵ֮ˣԡ
ʲôղޱ֣ϱʵĺɫˮգæȥϸ쿴һȷ󣬷ַ¡
ϸƼˣͫ׼һ˺ˣô˽˵⻰ٶָնˣǱ۵𣿡
˵ʲôŭϸȵ
Һ˵ϸȻЦʥˮֻྻŮӣܱԭʥˮϣȻͻǵɫ
ԣȻɫ䣬оֲ̿֯һٿȻղޱȥȴͷɫȻҲŷ
дʹסղޱὣбɨϸ
ϸݲ˺Ծϴ󶦣ˮУֻö޴Ǻ˵Ϣֱ򣬷·ҪѬϹһ㣬ȵ˲ò롣
ԽɢԽ㣬Ҳ˳֮⡣ңϷҡȥ߳Ǻֱ޷ǻпȥ
ղޱȴʧ˻Ƶģʬ㣬ӵȫ֮ʼյͷһԲ
û°ɣͣ½Ų˫ղޱգСĲ鿴ΣãȻ֪룬̱ϸĻ漴Żʵֻһ仰ͬϹٺйϵ
ղޱҡͷü
ûˡ״Ҳžһʱ֪ΰοֻþƽ𺳣ȥ۽ǹõᡣ
ﻹˣȥǡңҡ޷ǵĸ첲Ŀ⽹ơ
޷ҧ˼ã֣˵ʹ⣬úչ˲ޱǻȥ
ײԣŶ˷ԶתͷղޱҧŴһίס
Ϊ˵ʲôءղޱ˵⻰ÿֶǴӺＷһ㣬Ǽҧơ
ϣ˵ʲôʵ
㡭ղޱһʱηǾҴǰʲô㲻⣿
޷˵˵˵Ҳաֵ÷ƽ
ǰ˵Ϊ£ԡʮֽ黳𣿡
ǶԼԼǶ㡣ḧ䣬оϧ֮ɫȻؿϢɣҲˡ
˻תᣬԾɽǰסǼͷղޱϥڴͷʼһԲ
Ҳ໰ֻĬĬԡ
нᣬղޱʧڣΪֹڵ̬ȣֱֱ϶Ϲٺ
׷ȥֻܽɻѹͷ²ᡣ
һԵղޱ¸Ǽ尾
࣬Ȼ뵽Գֵӣֻһ֪ǰΪиۡ
˵ȥΨִ³Ϊ֮ԶĨȥĽ١
ò𣬷ַŲ¡
Բ𡭡ղޱԼȻ˵
ΪҪ˵ֻкδԲңŤͷ飬Ȼŭˡ
ҡҲղޱ֧֧
㲻˵£ֲ׼õһƷƾʲôҪΪ񣿡
˵
Ϊ£Լһͷǰ³У¶ɸֵζ
ղޱ⻰׹˵˭
ĸ֮£ʹֻʹģ֮ʹʹ
һֻ񷨼ܲס˵죬ֻԼңԼǧǧӺߵ֮һ
㣬Ҫǵ֪Լ£һ޲л
ղޱȻ㲻ˣֻŲߣͷ
ӵ뻳ȴԽڼ
ϹٺʲôǷǣҲҪֻع
ղޱȫǵԼǺʱ˯ȥģֻ֪֮ʱɵúúõģʵʵűӣһҲû©硣
ڴߵϣһҹ
ղޱӣ¥µ䣬ָָţʦǻû𣿡
ҡͷվȥʡ
Ҳȥ˼Ҷ㵱ˣŲءղޱ´һʱûվȣȻ̧ͷĿᡣ
ղޱշɺ죬̵ͷܿ
߳ͷų̀ǰվߵģд˵ĻƣһƼ񴣬ۣǰҵĹԹԣԭġ
ʲôļٵģղޱѻ˵
ǰٻᰡһڴİˣǻ󣬡˵˭֪ġ
ǰһͬˣ
ȥ˰ٻᣬŻ˵꣬ŤͷƳղޱŽᣬסûȥ
ѻ˵ղޱָȻŲҰ궼ˣ
˵Ķ󣬴ЩСءưһۣͱ˵
ɣղޱɴ۵ҿɱ˰ɣ˵˭
Ƣæȥ󣬶ǻʵܷϸ˵˵ʲôٻᡯ
ٻᣬÿʮһΣһ̨һ˵˻ʮŸŮӣɵõŶ񣬻Ůӡ
ǻ˵ţ㱱׹Ŷ֪ˣСѾͷûȥɣòѾ
δ˵꣬񴿴˼ɱ⣬æ죬Լ˼£ת߿
ǳɵõʲôطղޱǻƺ
ɽȥѰ֮ҵõأһ仰ﳤȥ

ԣ
ޱ˵ԲΪ಻⣬Ϊࡣ
һԵ֢ڵЧӦĽϺͱԸĳͻǹ¶ȱȫУǷǳʵһԡ
ʦֱŮ仨ƿ
˼ıԺʵǲֶģо̤ʵһУҪȥ̣ҪŮһֱûʧȥȡĸı䡣
޷Ǻãֱ򶮸޷ǾضĿĹŮȨУСʦܺ޿ɱԡ


240 . Ƽ
ճɽ, Ũ𡣹ʯּ䣬Ӱ˴˲С
Ϻ, ´ǰúÿңƳһ޷жԳٻ, ̲ס̭
ɽ·Ȼô, ޷ǰ˼⣬Щôʧٵģ
˵׼, ԭ⸽ɽ񡣡ң˼һҲû䡭, ˵ޱڡ
ҹ, ϸΪ档޷ü΢ֻ´ϹҫѲ˸ϵ
Ҫ, Ҳ̫ݶˡң߬ȭ, Ȼһ˼, ȴֳԾΪ, hΪβǣ
Ҳ֪أ
ң, һʱԡĿⴹ棬ƳԶĲݵϣӡһݺύ㼣һ, ָ̧˹ȥ㿴
޷Ƕ, һʱ˲ýʹ, һͬѭŽӡ, ׷ͷ, ȴһͱڡ
⡭ȥˣ޷Ǵ󾪡
Ӧû·ңϥ±, ȥ, Ԩ֮͹ʯͷûУҡҡͷ
޷ǰһ²t
ƫƫʱһӰϢ˶󡭡
ʱղޱѭ;ıǣҲ˴˴
ܲȥ˰ɣղޱ±߲쿴ȴ˻
²򵥣ǲôʧġɫأٻͷҡ
ʱ֣ϼ»صЩĽӡԣϸ쿴Ծδֶܷߡ
ö˶˵ˣѵƽط𣿡ղޱͷϷ
˵϶Ÿչ˼ľȴдУƼãʢһ㡣
ظоһ۾ֵ˵ĿһѰãüݲԾҡ
жղޱϣľȴһ󶣶Ĵ졣Լϻмhı̹ܶȻ֣֦̽ҶȻһԲƵӲ㼴һһͭ
ͭ汻Ĩ˹ŹֵͿϣ۷ںδ⾰Ϊһ塣
ӡӰղޱȻ׹ָ·ӡЩǻ󣡡
üݲ֣ڵһ̧۳м١
ղޱзãȴҲûҵڶöӣֻ÷ص档
ǡ˳ַһѡ
Ҫǲߣⷽʹˡղޱһֿͭ˿ժķλȻһ㶣һ䣬֪ˣ񴣬Ǵ֣ǹꣿ
Ӧڴ֡һ˼
֡½îԣޡνղޱָãȻԶһΧѰ俴ףȴǸȥߵԡ
ղޱڵأͬʱסһƤ˺¶һΪصĻأһơ
ʱ֮䣬ضɽҡϵҶҲҵ¡ղޱ񴻳У˵һԡ
˼౾ŻؿԼĽǶȲһǱӡĵ棬Ҳѿһţ¶һһڵ̨ףֱͨ
ߡղޱͳ۴֣ǰȥ
̨һ·У֪˶òЩʯףô˿̣ȻִӳģһͰ
桭йղޱǰ˼ȴȻס
ԼƮŮ㡣ʶƳһ񴣬ɫ˿
߽ǰһ·ԼԼˮ
̫ͨĶѨղޱҿǡĹѨ
Ȼʮָ۵ֽ˼֡
Һŵü΢
گɽﵽ滨ݣҲ֡ղޱ˵⻰ȻЩ顣
ӽͷǵˮԽˡ
ղޱлۼȼ֧µģȴȻһˢˢġꡱ죬̧һֻǰƺǼʯңղŵ죬ƺʯҼڵƻؿƻ𷢳
ġ񴽫󣬻ʯңŲȴȻסӳģһʯң߲ɣɣ춥ϷʮӼƵľ޴󲼶͸Լܹ͸ȵЩϷĵˮǴЩ׶ʬˮһһΣʯ㣬ڵϡ
ǹŮϢҲԽŨ
ղޱһ̱񴻳С
ִţϸɳƵĻʯ˫ĽţȴŪ
ʲôˣȵ
𼱣ҹǸŹϸӰʯҾͷһ˶ڳ֣һֻװ˵ĲڲӼĲм䣬ߵǰͣ£Ȼһüͷͷ˽¿ȥŵôûи
ʲôղޱ
б֮ܶϸҧͬǰһ
˵ʦ֣ղޱ۵أ
ˡϸ˵úõŮ㣬лһΣȴǸˡ
㣿ղޱʧɫ̧ͷһʬ׵ĲȻ˵Ůʬɵģ
ΪȡƣĨ㣬ɸеһ񺮣ս
鲻ԣæӵ뻳Уȴղޱʧߺǿǻ㻹ǲˣ
жҪϸЦҪŮ㣬ҵʮŸĴӣұֻ󣬴ЩŮǸжģǴУμٻᣬָɽ㡣
ǡʥˮʲôղޱʵ
ʥˮϸͻȻü񣬡ʥˮȻΪ˱ֲظŮˣŮ㣡
סڣղޱ̸֮
ɣǲ֪Ůĺôϸ˵گǧٹƳ棬԰Ϣʳ֮Դ޽֮ƣΨһƵķӣŮ֮
㣬ƣ
ȻںδᵽϢ
˵ˣղޱɫҰףС
ӴСںʲôϸЦǰһʵ
񴣬ղޱ䣬˵ҹʧٵĲֹ⼸ˣһС
ʲôɻ
ܶηзöοϸ˿̾վڶ˸ǰҲڵóֻȥɱˡ
Ů㣬
ʹϸʵǣƣֿⷨ
ƣϸЦⷨ
΢΢ףȴϸɭȻЦѰʾԴͿĨȫй֮ˣƳ档죬׻ǣйߣ־ô㣬ɥʧ־һһŮŵСӴӱˡй֮ѣǧǰͰ
⻰Ѫɫȥ۷ſգľȻղޱ
ղޱҿֻĬĬͷǿ̱Ǽᡣ
ң񴶨ؿ귢΢΢ĲΪΡʲô֪
ԣ־ʧôǵ£ϸ˵ţתΪŶĴԭˣ
Щ˸ˡղޱӣϸȵȻ
˴ϸʯͻȻһ졣
ϸɫ䣬˲öеĲ̻ʯȴһжĿڡ
޷ֳХ£ϸǰĿɫ׶
Ȼûϸҧгݡ
ʧˡ޷ЦĸǴ¡պʯڼ䲻֪λ˿˸ֱͨĹȻĻлټ˼ң
ǡһֱڣղޱʮŮ߳ڵңʵ
ˡңȾˣ˵
ϸɭȻЦ̧ɨ춥ϵЩʬף˾ٵǾˣɱˡ
˵޷ǲΪ⡣
ǵѣҲŮ㣬űס𣿡ϸбƳ񴡣˿̵Ȼʬ⣬Ѫɫۿն·һƱԵ㣬кδ
ɱ˾ɱˣֻҪƺˣҲŮ㡣ңĮȻ
޷ǲԣͦϸϸɫһչʱ֮䣬ӿҹһ㣬Ѭ̣Ǻ۱ǡ޷ǿ̣нȫ޳ͣѴϸƴһ̳óɢֻལһѪգֵϸȴѲ֪١
ſڱǣϥأסԡղޱ״æǰȴȻ̧۳о
߰ɡңǹܾȶ١˵ţ㼴ЩŵüɢŮһ֣ϴקȥ


241 . 
ƻ, ɽδɢƵգƲҵ
ЩչŮӶǸ, , ҲҶ, ɽлȥˡ
Ǽɱģңղޱ˽, Ĺض˽, ǰϢ
һַ, ججɽͷԶϼƵɽ, Ȼ, ·ǳ, ߳ͱڣִӸߴ׹, Ԩ֮, ˤ÷ǡ
񴡣ղޱһУϻҳ˹ȥܵһ, ͣ
ϼ, һȦȦ⾹һŹŹֵ, ·Ҫɡ
Բ𰡡ղޱǸβ, ʵǲ֪, ¸ôڡ
ǰıӰԾʯƵ, һҲ
ղޱ˵, ֻվԭأĬĬ
ԶŴ˾㲻޷ſڣȴֱ죬ңմ֣ͷĻҳĶ˼ˣæͳҩá
ղš˵ʲôȻͷղޱʵ
ңղޱһ㶣˵Բ𡭡
˵ֻˡл㱣һɽʯվȴһЩԵղޱæǰȴס
񴡭
ҽ黳ǰִȥΣ񴴹ɫȻۣԼ
ҡղޱĿǡ¹ߣЮҳʲôˣ
㵱ʲôʣΪβΪԼ룿ֺεºܣ˲һУ
Ǹʱ֮н٣ղޱ΢΢ŲӣԾɲֱҪ޷ȴҪΪºһһִ֮һֻ̣ѽĸҲĥʲôأ
оԳߣҲֻѣһ˰ˡ
˵ʲôղޱ˫̧ۣۣ˫Ŀǰ˵ҪңҪҺãҪңƭ˵𣿡
ʱһ˵˴Ө˸ЦʣϼɣֻԼԽСͬؼһֻ˳ɳŸͷأҲ
ƬƼ޶÷ô簲֮أУԳֶߡ
ɵΪһУȻ޴档
ֻǰԼ۵ñ˵Ůӣ벻ů
ǰ΢ͬﻹݴ
ԣȻӵ뻳ȴѳȵףû˿ٶ԰䡣
˽֪нᣬδ˵ʲôһɽǲҼСֱӱɽȥѰȥ·
ҹ䣬һӱѰһߵĵ¥ɽԻѶʱãڴ˼ЪϢ
캮¶ء
ҹ޷ȺȴѲУһȳһ߳⣬ȴˮ֮һˣ񴡣
ߵӱ£Ҳ˵ֻǾ
Ҹô֪˶ãȻڣȻ
֪黳Ǻ£޷ʵ
ĬãſڵһʼڣҶΪ¡ݣˣЩɥڷ֮ȥ׷ǵ·ϣҲ֮ʣΪˣٵʯȥݣȴҸϸϣ;лײץȥһأ񡭡ҡ
˶٣Ц˵ܸʲôעһһжϵϡңȴֻܸ޾ѡ
ǰΪʲôأңԽĻƴ
һ㶣ͷȥȴңߵϣ޷ǣЦ۵Ϊҵղо֡ӢŴǰ̲Ҫ˼ģΪʲô
޷һЦ˫ĿӰӳԲ£չ˵óɱĿδԸԧ첻ɡ
»գ˶Ŀ䣬˫γףȻ
ס
ӳڶһͫģֻ£޼ĬΡ
ˣ룬оз糾ңһһ䣬˵޷ǵ˵ĻĿ⻺񴣬˵ϴȥĳһ˫֣ȻҪǧգΨϣҡ
⻰䲻ȫȴ˴𰸡
¾아ҹ
ճˮ棬Ծɫ죬ƼһƬŨĽɫȾԡ
ղޱ˯ɫԺߵǰȥȴͬ˶ںӱߡ
ż죬عͷչһЦ˫֡
ղޱϲ⣬С¥СǰУ̧ͷЦա
ӽĹڶ۵ףů紺
ǰǶˣ޷䲻ʥ֮ڣϾǳɽ׶أСΪ
ˮڣң˫ֻۣĵߵĶ㲻ɷʲôµģ
˵ţǰ˼̾һ·ǵʥ̣ɽšگҲʲôˮءԭء
Ůͺˣ޷ЦҪ˵ɽϺãȾ£ЩҲʧΪԴ
ɽû㰡ң۲תľ̬
ȵȡ
һԶⷬ¶֮ɫղޱȷӦʵԭңǡɽɵĵӣ
ѳʦšңЦⶼǰˣ
ѹôÿѹ˼Ҷ˵ɽסŮң㣬Ǻÿడղޱ
ڲ֪𣿡ңݸһЦ˵ȥɲٸʦȥֻˡ԰գ̴󲽳ǰȥ
˸Ĳ۵ɽȥ
ղޱһ·§ĸ첲ͻȻڽŴյߣʵмһֱ㣬þˡ
΢΢ƫͷƼ֣µɫ㶵ʲô£
㱻Ϲٺô죬ûбռ˰ղޱʵ
ûСҡҡͷҡ
Ů˰ղޱۺ
ǰɡ룬ҡͷ˵
ޱô롣޷⻰ͷ˵ͬŮһʶ˵ֻ㿴Ůˡ
Ϊʲôղޱʵ
ĬŮ˱޼ʶֻȡ֣Ż˵Ļң
ǡҲܴŮ˰ɣղޱй˼
ʵ൱д裻ʵ⣬Ž۸ңϹٺ䲻书ȴʩѹҲǰߡѣ㲻۸
ô˵Ҳеղޱͷ
вڶ֡񴱻Ǽ˰ΣֻԽԽ̲ס͵
Ҳٲ֣޷ǵộʦֶͦǸʲô
ţң䲻ҪҼʱϵͱ˴ж˿ˡ
ǡ޷ЦŮţȻҲͲˡ
ղޱԣһЦŤͷ񴣬Цݣİ˵˵ЦЦɽԽ룬չ磬̤˶ؽ硣

ԣ
óɱĿδԸԧ첻ɡơ¬ڡ⡷


242 . 
ʱ, ︴գδ϶Ǻࡣ޷Ǻ, Ѽ, δؼʱ̵, ǻʱЩˮԺ󣬱Ѱ˼Ҿš
ԭ, ȴòΡնһ·֪λһֱԳƲʤʦ, ʵ˵á
ʦְ, ղޱ޷ǵԺٻؽ, Ⱦ, Ӳˡ
ô, ʦֱôã㻹ң޷Цʡ
ǿɲ, ػر䶷, Ǹ@ʤ³ҲҪϰ汳㲻, ˭Ƶסղޱ
󲻻ˡ񴿴ղޱ, , Ұ㡣
ղޱһͷ, ϴ, ֻΪҲʹˣԺ, ҺȾƣ
áЦҡͷ, оǳ硣
Ů޷ңղޱŬŬ죬Ҫң㲻˵ʲô
ңһ֧򢣬Ŀӣн֮ɫҾ뿴ʲôģ
޷ԣֻҡͷһЦƺյƣٱȴظеһ˿
ķ簡ղޱ䣬ӿһľ磬Ƶһ㡣
˿ȴһ죬һΧȻһΪ࣬Ȼأһس
ңɫεƳһ˫󴸴ͷϮٵ
˫̩֮ͣɽѹֱȵµذѿ·ѥҲ˰硣
һŨصĺϢ̽ͷһۣƳʹ˫ģǸŰӵͺͷ󺺣⣬¶
޷΢΢ףƼһͷɢ۵ڲԶ
һԲϱ㶯֣λòʥ̵˰ɣ޷Ǵ΢
ʹ˫ıδŤŤӣ˵ˣ𶪸Ů˸ҡ
ŮˣңЦŮɱ㣬Ҳ򵥵ĺܡ԰գ沽Ծʹһǡѩҷ磬Էɽ֮ƣš
ͬʱһԵķбƷ硣
̣ңĿƳɫ䣬ߺ޷ǣС
޷ǲҵХУ｣ǷεСڶ·Եص׶һ㣬ս
ղޱս˫ᣬȻ˸ս
ģֻȴǰһ⣬ὣɨ𵴿ȥ
һͺͺ˲֪ӺδȻվǰ
گؽ磬ʲôСңĿɨˣЦ˵ûÿ𣿡
ղޱŲҲֹ쳣̷ڱתԧᣬתһȴűԼ𿪵ģһ̯ˮ顣
ǰһ淺бüòɭɲӡ
ʱƺ˭˵ʥɷ޷ϡǰʥ֮£Ļħɲȣλ
ǳЦλˬԼӣ㣻Լˡʥʵ޿̣ҵá
ͷ߾Ǻã޷һͷЦڵĶ˵ɰ׵ġ
ɫһƣһУ֮лС޷̧컨Զ춯𿪷Уȴô֮
罣֮ƣ̱ṦħΪ֮ͬи޷ʩ˶֮
޷ǣ˽㡣Ըң˫ͬʱƣǰһʮ֣˳ɲƣݲԾ޷Ǹǰᵶֱָ
ġ޷΢΢üݲɲǰüЦɲҼҷ˿㡣ǰѵԭһ㻹ͬ֡԰գգ｣̳
ԷΪħˮ볷𣬶ɲ˫Ϊס
һ洷أֱӽ޷ǰذҳ
ʥˣղҶ£һоƿͻƼ˴˸ɸɾֻ¸յĴá
ղޱ书ҲֻǽӲ̫࣬־ǿ֮ˣŴԿħǺ⣬ļʮԧᣬƵˮģܳյʹ֮ˣͨӲ£ȰЩһ¶˼
ңˣɾûôˡ
ʽ֮ǧ򻯣ɱҲѷңڴһϳԹҲ͸ΪСĽʽʮֻоΪֻһʽΪšοߣϢɲ⣬ʷǷ಻óȻ¡
ͷǼֱ֡УʮֻоΪ죬жӰ졣Ϣң޷Ϊֻһͨս̣ڼҪѡ
޷Ǽңƣ½ơṦϳˣԸɲһɵʮѣȻʤȴö໨Щ
ȴڴʱȻЮŷУңңȴУֱͦʺұ䵱㱻˺ѣӼͷ䣬һԼĿӡ
ֻ壬ȴһƫңҲˣʲվȣŻһѪ
޷Ǵ󾪣ҧԾ𣬿зϣұ۳޻ڣֱ˫϶ףʹһǡΣ¥һ죬֮ұۣ֮䣬׻ƣ̻ΪҽСƤ෺һƬѪݡ
ҲƾһǡΣ¥һɲʺ⴩͸ǣͻѪˮŻǵԽХ·У£ɲĹͷɸ˶ļѪȡ
޷һԣְνԾǰ
񴣡ղޱ˫ֽбйħţذУ漴׳ᡣգι࣬һöЩŵĻ𻨡
ȻȴʮһЦỻֱ֣ħĿڣݲֻĵᣬڿƣȶȥ
һͷ޷ǽжת˾罣⣬תΪͼϵʽ
ͼףűУÿһŶֻʽȡΪӻΨоϰãͨ
ҴѧǽţѧüǳʽδȫԴʹ罣󣬱δù׽
罣ռƣ㼴ת˽⣬ΪʽֻΪ䲻⡣
Ϊ죬ΪأΪˣȨΪʱΪΪɣҡΪǡ
֮Уинˡ
һ͸ͼһң޾ͨκһžѧ֮ˡ
羫֮ˣδ·ʫ̫ײŹ£ãȴѵǾ
޷ǼѧΪոһգд˵ǰڱչأҹԴ˽ףͨࡣ
콣֣ббʹһǡ⡱ߣַתֱ£СᡱһһʽΪһʽΪЧЯն֮ƣ÷һ֮ڡ
ƳУü΢΢һ
µӣϰǧ仯벻ͼ
޷һǽƱ仯װףЩֵ׽һתһֿ֮
ղޱɴ˫ۣסһ
ңԾŷͷʹһǡϡ־
ȶˣͬʱɫ䣬һХ֮£ʮǰͬʱӿ룬ֱˡ
Ҫսߣ޷Ǹ
ңˣǰŽϽΡնڣźšһǰһ󣬳Žδ󣬼ͬʱͻΧƴ
ǰֵͬнأ֮Ͼ£ǷֵɱѪ·ƥɳ۶ȥ


243 . ʯת
񴻷ӵղޱ, һ·ۣǽƥ, ЯȥЩΪʥ, ȼ, ʱˣŶȥѰ, Գ˽Ұ̷ߡ
ղޱнѳ, ͬһ, ÿģҲʱɩʧɢ֮¡һ, ϶ЩСĲ, Ѱ˴éЪϢ, 򵥴һ˿ڡ
񴣬ղޱ񴻳, , ˿ڴˣ֣˵Ϲٺ಻ϲô, Ҫ
㻹ϣȢʵ
û, ղޱҡͷ, ֻǾ, , ƽ̯ô, Ҳ֪ͼʲô
㵱治Թ㣿ʵ
ϲ, ֲϷղޱƿ֣ҪǸ£ҲͲôҿĶ֪ˡ
ԣҡͷһЦɵ˽زΣҶȥ
ҲҪֻŸ𡣡ղޱ֣Ҳû֪ҪǼhƶͬ˵϶ǵãҲŲءˡ
ԣü΢΢һ֪˵ʲôá
ţԻ˱ģһ볾࣬ĶΣҲҼ̸۴ֻܾţӲͷ
䣬ůաղޱ⣬񴻳˯ȥһӵǽ֪Ҳ硣
һƬڰ֮УȻҳȥӳеģŮ壬»Ե˰̡
ôŮϣڻǵԵء
ֻţȴš
׽֮ʱ˵ĿοҲɸС
˫ۣͷ󺹡Ȼͷһ࣬ȴղޱ
ֻĴѰȴղޱĻԶ˵ˣʶ·ٲẒ́ŲҴ㣿
һѭȥƼղޱվϪߣһŽһԻˮ
㱾£ҶҶֶţղޱָˮԻ´ҿϷŮԴš
Ŵ˾ס
񴣡ղޱŤͷ¶Цգ
ȴ˾Ƶģ˿
ôˣҾϴ㡭ʧղޱʵ
ҡҡͷŤͷˮ﷭Իֻĵ׸һĺ֮С
ɫòôˣղޱչԴϸʵ
ûʲôҡͷĿж
ϡŹ֣Դҩ˰ɣղޱ˵ţ㼴ǰȥ
£ˣ߿Ӱ
ղޱŲһͣڵشϺΣܿ
ֻ׷ϣܳϳһ·ŷǹͬԼ־룬죬ӿŲЩҲģʼղԶǰš
Ұ֮ڣҲǰšȻͷȴһס
ߡؼӿ첽ӣǰȥղޱ
ҰߵٿҲ첻ˮҵһķϵĵ¥꣬Ȼʪ͸
ղޱ˫ֻأɪУȴֽӵĸ첲ƿŤһţȻһ־ʣתͷǰ
㣬ҲǣҲǣִ࣬εԸӡ
׹˾ǽǣԳĬԣ˴˺š
񴴹ղޱˮ˳ü۽ǻ䣬¼䣬ͷظһ˿ļ¶ȵ龰Ȼ֣ղѣ޲úݺݳԼơ
ʯԳ徻̼䵴Ȼ޴档
̱ȥٿ
ÿ죬ȥҲ졣뿪С¥ǰУһƧϡĴ䣬òײҵһũںԺСס¡
˽ƣôҹֻͬ¶ߡ
ҹ䣬¹͸ũƾɵϴղޱաС곤꣬ȴԵýС࣬״һգɫӳ£ΪˣӣС죬Σˡ
˯գһԾȥᴥɲǣ紥Ƶģ͵ء
һ³嶯ۣȴ𲻸Ļ棬һʱգȴղޱԺʻôˣ
û£˯ɡͷ˫ַһʱ֮䣬֪Ǻá
ϢϢã̬ƽɻԭλĿ˯ȥ
ҹ䣬ղޱԺ˯ۣ¹λת
Ů½ڸǵ壬ֹһء˿а¶Ĳǧ
Ѷ鳾ôܻع鵱Բȥ˫ۣ֮ӿ
ĵũʳùԺ󣬱·侭һϣġ׵ġۻɫģӦоС
ղޱ˾˼һˮþҪ񴱻һЩˤһ㵱קҸǰ
鮿ڴͷһ·˳¡һƮ߻ƮƮĻ˶ղޱЦŴչȡƬǼĻ꣬ģ˿ЦſǻԶ
΢΢һЦƳǰһ꣬ãڣǹָ⣬ǰһɨһƬ۰̱ȥ
ˣղޱ˫§ͷЦԶȴá
ͷ˰ǰȥƬɽֲδڼhĵͼУղޱȴܶһ·󿴿ֿƵȥҲ棬ֻЦŸ󣬲û߶Զһ
æ˹ȥŷղޱӶݽ̶Ǹæ˳ڸѰɽ˽ȥǣȾղޱһƬҲ˲ȹʵֻʣʱسɣæȥɽͽѰ˺ˮϴڶڡ
ͣղޱװȻʰ˸ɲȡůѣ㱧ŻһĶ£¸ϡ
ղޱȻ̧ͷм棬лϲ
΢΢üǰõĳ嶯ٴӿͷ
ͷȥŮĴָ꣬ⲻܿƵ˳»
ž죬סðӣ˴תڸǵŮϽʣǼ£Ȼ˵ϡ
ղޱ񴻳Уòʣ˹ȥʮָã⿪۰
أϷû棬졣
΢΢ͷ̽ɫסӣȴδκξٶĶ
ղޱһԲһ£ȥСůͰ
񴲻ԣ̧⣬ҹɫһ㱡
һɲƻһľͬǰԼƺһˡ
˾ӵһҹȵڶ죬ղޱѶɣһǰС
һ·ղޱߣʼһԲ;ҹõ꣬谭ĶҲ͸ӷȴһ֮٣´棬繰ޣ˺ҹ˯ȥ
գů͵귿ڡŻ۵⣬Ծֵ˵
Ŀڱۼ䣬һ㶣Ťͷողޱ񵭵Цա
һɲãǾΥů⣬ٴθļ䡣
Ȼ֮䣬ʲô
Щ£ǰŮУȻ籦δйָı䡣
ԭػصĲġ
»Ȼӵղޱһӡǰ
˳ʱѣзʰװ¥̨ǰ˷
ղޱݹ§ĸ첲յǰʵС磬ȥ¬¹öã
Ҳհɣ˵ˮһ·ϣ͵ԭˡ
ôԶ·ʦǸ𣿡ղޱοǻˡ
żǺţҹġӵͷ˵߰ɡ԰գЯ߳ᡣ
Ľѽ⣬˵ЦȫȻδ⵽߹һ˴磬۵꣬ǲ󣬺ȻסŲͷƳһۣĿ䣬ζ


244 . ˼
һΪ˳Ϯ֮, ޷ƥңһ·۳, Ρն, 򲢲һ¡
˳, ȺңŶͷü, ͷԶ, ûá
Ҽǵϻظȥҽʱ, Ҳ˵޷ĿԲ죬ΪΡ
ѩɽ, ôѧңЦ
ô¡㻹ʲô𣿡޷ǿЦ, һΪŮ, ȻǷ֣ҪӦս
ҾǸ, ֲ񡣡ң΢, Ŀɶˡ
⵹ˣ޷ǵҪˮԭ, ⲻ, ʱô죿
·һһ͹ȥˡң
Ҳء޷˼, , ϹٺĿǰ, ֻҪȻصԭ, ЩҲ޷
Ҳȷ, Ǳסȥвšңؿڣͺñϻء
ǸʱѾܹϷⳤˡ޷ЦӦ̫鷳
ɻû˵ãԼңͷһҲգһ·ΪʦʦãǳԹ˿ͷҲЪˡ
޷Ĭһ£ȡҩͷ˿ڡ
ң˵ĸ첲˰죬ȻüһĪΪǰԭܵöˣճҲʲôˣ
˵ţִϣҡҡͷ˵һҶģô죿
ˣ˭ں޷Цղ㿴ͻȻᵽ̣ô£
ǰļˣֱ¡ңҲ֪ΪʲôҪ
ţ黯ߣʹʲôâʢɻС޷ǵ񽭺֮УҲûʲôĸ֣֮ôû
ң˿ڰãϸһ˿
ʱңִ˹˵ұۣһƬˮݣü˼
㲻˵ں𣿡޷ǴȤôת˼ʼˣ
ˮݣ͵ƣȻһֱòˡң˵ţ˵
޷ʱɴ˫ۣʵ
û밡ֻõˡңں
ûôأһȥɾͲһˡ޷Ǽȴûܶңġ֡ס첲
ֻסͷĿתõһˮơ
ңôϻңҩۣһһ˵ڿʼ·ı߸Щ
⣬ֻˡ޷ǵһɽɽˮˮֻҪǣ鷳㲻󡣡
У˵㡣ңˬӦ
˿ں·Ѱ˸С򣬻ɾѣȥԼĪյ·֪ģײɽ
˼ɽ·ƬδڼhͼֽϱǣǲѹĻɽ
޷ǽңתʱһĹŵȻңסһŤͷȥȴߵһյϣָŵһչĲ𣬵ĺۼˡ
˵⻰һ죬ƬƳɵĶִӶ˹
˼ͬʱγУɨ⽣Ӱ֮£Ƭƶ֧飬ɢ
ž޴죬һȺƹžɵĴѵŮŮ£Ÿʽũߣ۽䱸Χ£
ĶңɻѣͻȻ㿴Щũָǡ
ץһ͵ģ
ˣͲӦó
ɱǣ
˳£Ȼհֻǽţ֡Լ˴˵أһ˴ΪףֻһˣֱűΧ£ĴҲСȦӣũԽԽ
һᣬλ¡޷ջХ£ʩǲֻ˵ءͻ֮ھͿߡ
ԴţЩƺףһɲϷмһ
ȴʱһ˹ףˡ
ѭͷֻƼһƤͷɢǿ׳һȣ˳
ǿˣ׷˺ÿһ
ףˣ۵׺ȻһĨĹ⣬סң漴һǰȻμʥŮˡ
ʥŮˣʲôʥŮˣۿ
ѵԭ̵ܽʥŮˣ
ܿ㳯˹һƬ
ң𾪲ѣòȣ˺ð죬ǿعջڡ
˵ʲôң˿ͬ𾪵޷ǣֻ˵ʥ̵ķ֧ʲôˡ
ʥͽף˵Ͻ̹棬ȨٶǰѾ̡
Ҳ˵ԳΪ̣ң΢΢ü
ٶǰگδͳһĪ˵ʱʥ̣ѹ˳گ޷ɻʵ
ʥ˵òʥ̰ͼͨҸˡף˵ǵƴסе伮һֱıعԭ̡ܽ
ôҡ޷һʥ֣ëĲڡ
ٶǰǱڴˣȴڿΪʥŮˡΪΣңʵ
ʮǰһףȥԭһŻ񣬻ϵˣף˵ţĿң֮ϣǰѵҲһģһ
ΪˡңҡͷѸԭҲûʲôع֮£ǲҪˡ
ôʥŮˡףһϵǣȻ޷صԭǾ
Ҫңҡͷ޿ܡ
ЩɵôôŹ֣޷ҡͷ˳챧ԹһźŷҪگȢһҪ졣ͬദʹʱҪʲô𣿡
ʥŮˣʲôˣôʸǰ˵
ң˿޷ǣԥԥҵġ
ʥŮ˵ķֻʥתף࣬ǸղΪҪԼݣ
أҪô޷ʵ
ǣʥŮˣԽ̹ɱף˵
ǡǾ͵Ǻˡң޷ǵļ磬СѵʮţŶ
޷ҡͷԶԡ
λ¡ף򵹣Զ˿
ңüһյ޷ǶߣС˵ǵühĻ𣿡
ʥ̴˴޷ǵΪ̷ѣеĵ伮ɽķֽڱܡϹҫһ֧Ӵ
˵ܻҵң˵꣬㼴ףɣͬҶ˵˵ʥ̵£ɺã
ʥŮ֮ףǫ
ʥŮ֮
·ңָǰ
޷ԾɾӱŤúܣüͷվԭأףǰߣֱңһѣŲ鲻Ըȥ
߿Զһ·Щ򵹵Ĵ񣬷˿
ôԴӵگࣿңһߣһСʵ
ֻǾⷢ£ǧٹ֣Գ֮޷ǵ
̵ֽĴ䣬ѰĴӲֻ̫ǴЩѹɽ߿ֻǶ˼ţ쳣֮
ףסĵ¥㿿Щɽ
ʥŮˣסףָɽǰһݣ
ңһף޷ǱҪߡ
ףȴһֻ֣޷ߣס
ҷΪҪֿңʵ
֪ʥŮķҲʥתֻڴһ죬ˣԺֻһʹӣ֮䣬ǲƽȵġףޱ顣
ԣҪôңʵ
ףԣֻһָš
ңһɣƿţ뷿Уһַţһף޷Ƕˡ
ף޷˵ţһɽָȥ
Զм䷿ݡ
ףңڵǼСݲ෽߹ȥңҲţ첽ߵߡ
޷ǲɫĽŲ
ң͸ˡ
ףǰţ˫գĴָصָָ⣬ʲô
ңڵλÿ˵Ӱܿ㱻һƬڵס
ʲôˣһƬߵͲƽķݺ󷽣ףת޷ǣɫׯضࡣ
Ų˵𣿡޷̩Ȼ
£ף˵ǵˡ
޷ͫ׼һ㡭
ͷβû˵Ļ˾ƾ
棬ˣҲˡ
޷ǲԾһ
ʥŮϣбܶҩݵζף˵


245 . ٲ糱ӿ
ңɽ, ޷һĸߺ
ңƴȴⴰ, ôҲƲ, 鼱֮, һ鴰, Ծ׷, ȴֻƼףһǰ
أңŭ
ʥŮ, ˡ񡣡ף˵Ǹ, νʥת
ε֪
Ȼġף˵, , Ƕʮš
ΣϹٺһ£ңگؽ緢һй֮Ѽֲ, ףش, ˿£Ҳһ·ɡȻ㣬Ӧ֪Ҳǻϵˡ̰˷ˣ
ʥŮˣЩϢɡףװ, ˵⻰, ת߿
ң׷, ȴһ֮ƿ, , סΡ
㵽Ǹʲôأˣң첻, Ϊÿй֮, ǿ
һףػگһڤ֮ˮף˵֮
ңüһףнԶıӰһ񺮡
ҹԶɽӰڻһƬҹɫ
ңһֱȵ˶ȥƿͭܳ⡣
ЩɽµŶţ̽ͷϸƣֻһյʯңʲôҲûС
ףסӣҲǿŵġ
һ˹ȥδǸϤӰ
ɽҵһΪε·Ұխ֪ͨδ
ҹ£ֻеǹŴأǰ·׼Ѳ֪ͨδȴһû߹·
˶Сǰȥ
¶ʪأң߳һ·ϲ֪һ㵭ˮʪԾ˶첲
ԽǰߣľҲԽŹ֣Ҳ֪ǲΪɫ̫һԴԵİɽ͸·һƬղǹ⣬ְֳ·ͷȴϡһòʵĹâָ;
Ҳ֪߳ԶȻ뵽Щʲôعͷȥȴʱ·ҲһƬде֦ҶڱΣôҲҲˡ
ң治巽ֻһ˼ǰߣȻ̤գȥ
һĵضǰһͷơᵽɤۣȹڷɿǰȥֱͷס
ǰһƬԲɵĿյأϷɫĹ⣬֪Ӻζ˼Ǹ߾ٻѣΧܣжľľУһͰľ齣ϱһˣ޷ǡ
Դƫһ࣬һִǰһִ࣬Ҳ֪ǻ
Щǣԣĳ
Ҫʲôңľ齣̽̽޷ǱǼ⡣
Ϣƽȡ
ʥŮ֮˷ΪҽǵĻǣɵõףĻӸߴ
Ƿǵʲôң
ףĻͻȻø߿дٴ߶
޷ǣѰңֱӿ޷ϣ
ȴ޷Ӧ
ңƲѣݺؿڴһѡ
Ծɲͬһ㣬⡣
ңļ磬ļ٣ȴ޿κΡ
ͼ𣬱˵أɻûüȴףһߺЩҲеĻ˳
һȻ
ң֣˵ӣҲˤľ齼䡣
ȵȡңǧֻȻƣȴǿԼ侲
ΪʲôֱӰԴߣȴҪ֧ңૣһʲôǵ뿪ɡ
ŻԽԽ˫ֲԾʼ
֧ɣʲô
Īʲô
ܶ
ܱܶܶܶܲܽⶾңͳɫ裬У˿Ծɻ˯ѵ޷ǣĬˣҽɡ԰գ㽫ܶŽ飬Կι
һҪѰ޷ǡɡң̻̲ѣٵͷȴȻԡ
һ·׻ƵģͷƼ޷һ֧ľһŵس
ߡңľ齣һѽ
һѸǽӳڶ۵ףĿҲԽȡ
޷Ŀɿһ⣬ὣľ齣̧߳ľ齷˸һ죬ڰ֧飬ɢضľ
ңԾһؽضľԾǽأףȹ̣ȴѸδ˿ۼ
޷Ƿңսģü΢΢һʵô£ô
㡭ûˣңֱʱŻع
û£㲻˵Ϻ𣿿һůˡ޷Ц
Ǽӳ𳡣⾪ȣǰֻ˵ףҲȺм䣬ָŶ˵ʥŮҪǣ׷
ʲô߰ģ޷ңǰܡ
յһˣҲһڰҲ֪ǰкȴ޷ͷûƵһ·ӡ
Ṧϳˣķɿ죬Ȼµ·ȴƽ̹б£һ·ص
Դӵگû̫ƽʲôħֶСңһܣһǼʶˡ±ҲҪͶ̥
Ͷ̥ˣ޷Ц˵ƽޣ˳쵽ϡ
ƶ±ӲתŮˣңƳһۣ
Ůˣ𣿡޷Цʡ
ǿɲ˵ңһܣػĿҲΪ࣬ʲôɣʲôźҡ
ð±ӱʲôҶϴ޷ǵҪˣһܸӡ
ԡ
ţӵȻֹһȴǲ֪ʱȻȥµ棬Ҳ˳һҵҡΣƲƶˣ
ǻþ𣿡ң޷ǣ̧ʵ
ϲбܶ𣿡޷һü
ûˣңһȻ̲ס۵Ϊôѵģ
˵ǿģǶǻþ޷˵ţüĺȻһʵ𣿡
˵أ
˵Ż˽һգܿƵصȥ
Ȼ̤գһǰһ͵׹䡣
涼ɫĹ⣬
ԭΪɥڴˣȴ׹֮ޱȡ
ޱߵڶһУֻܿһƬģʲôҲ
ңң޷Ƿңһδѵģգȴһѡ
ʲôطңһһȦʯǽֻ̱˫Ŀһǻ󡭡
ļٵģڿЪЪ޷ϥ£§ڻУѨλƽ
ôץģңʵ
֪޷ҡҡͷһûü֣ŵһɹζ֮û֪ˡ
Ǹף²С֪ңʵ
û˵޷ҡͷȻͷЦʣղԺ˵ʲô
ʲôû˵ңһۣ
޷Ǳ̭ȴգ§һ¡
ˣ㣬ңƿҪڻʲô˶ܿ
û˵¡޷Ц㺦ˣ
ҡңһʱ˶٣ȥ㻹Ͷ̥ϴӰ
޷һ⻰Цøˡ
ң˿ƣֿۣȥ
뵡ȴұۣΨݻþʧɢ޷һֱҲ˵
޷Ҳͷḧգ۲ˮ
˵ҪӲȥô죿ңʵ
ӲȥʳŻٻʮա޷ǵϽбУҲ򵥡
ҪȥңһҪȥء
޷ԣʧЦ
һ˵ûоãʱգһֱΪϹٺ֮±µ
ǣңͷ˼ڵĴҲ֪ôŮĽᣬҲ֪ûн⿪
ǵĽǲ岻֡޷֣ʵߵڣĺлºú˵뽭꣬۹Ƿǣ̸ֻŮ鳤
ǰңҡͷпǰʲôЩҪµ浽޿ɽѵľأʲôνˡ
ң޷ЦȹʱգƺҲ
ɿˣٻ£ңֱӣһѣˣ˵Щɥҵ·Ҫ԰գվ

ԣ
²ܿٴζúܺЦ 轿ֻͷ ûоŮ˾͸ӣֻʼվڸߵλãּڸŮ±ŮˣôһԸ⸶ࡣ


246 . 亮
С, żڣķѣյ㡣
һַڼͷѪ˿, гֱָż䶫ࡪ, һ˴, һ䵶ղޱߡ
˰иһ·, ˾δֱҲ
겻ǰֹ, ʽʵ޻, һ°䵶ƽʵϵʽ, ȴľЧ, ݶҲƥСղޱýս֮, ǣƣһ, 㱻
Σ񴶢, ۽ղޱķӦ
ǵûꣿݵϣִ׷ʲô޼ֵ֮ô׷ʹ򣿡ղޱ
ֻǿ, ˵
ιư𣿡ղޱ, ҪɱҪ, ô˵仰
ղޱ, һŮż⴫˽⻰㵹˵, Ǹư͡
Ȼ㡣һƫͷ, ֻɨһż߽żϹٺࡣ
Ȼ, Ǹگؽңעк³Ϲٺֺ˽ӻ飬ʥ澡ʧҸıˣһҪȥ㡪
ϳָҪģҪʹǲ߷hҲԸңǼˣҶŹ
˵ţϹٺת꣬ȵū֣
ūգ絶Ҫ°ȥ
ţȵϹٺ࣬㵽ô
ҰϹٺҵĻҾ
ɱҰɡղޱһۣ϶ܵĥá㶼Źˣ˭˭󣬲Ҫɣ
񴲻
Ϲٺ࣬в˶ᡣ
Ǹ߿
ҡҡͷֽ彣˵ϣ㶯ְɡ
ϹٺԴ󾪣Ȼ㲻㲻ҷ𣿡
㲻Ǹող˵𣿡ƽ
ϹٺһʱǡͲҡ
Ҫˣһʱʲô˼ղޱĿ¶ģߵ죬Ҳûʲôźˡ
ЩԭŹ֣ϹٺûҪĽԽǷ޷ޣǡǾŪңҡ
һ񴣬ֿ˿ղޱֻôһͨԼʲôҲûõԽһţָͬڣͬҵǸһȥҾͷô
㿴𣿡ҡͷ˫Ŀ΢أߵһôȥ
㡭ǡϹٺ˲ƣŭѣʰڵϵĽǰָ
ָͦɲǣڽ࣬һŹԣϹٺҲ˹ȥδӦ㱻гһֻʺЮǰ
÷ˣϹٹ۲ֹˮ޲
ҪǸңū̾ͻɱϹٺ༱
ǰδʱ㲻ҲͬҪ𣿡񴵭
һҲ߲گϹٺ
Ǿһ˵꣬üһֲ֡
㡭ϹٺԶԡ
ūһĻһʱҲ֪Ǻá
һָ˺ôĵӣ֪ЮʥŮʲô
ҲôѵǻԼ𣿡񴵭Ƴһˣתͷղޱο΢΢𣬵ͷϹٺϹٹˡ
ȷҪָһãҲɱѵ𣿡ϹٺԾɲ֪ڸģūū·
ūһɣղޱǰ
ȴʱϹٺͻȻһС
гббӹ࣬ͷƤĴָϸһͷ
ԭΪܣϹٹ𣿡ѹɤʵ
ңϹٺŭһȴָ˼֣
˹֪ˡҲǹ㣬ҪƣԹҡ񴵭Ȼ
ҡϹٺɫΣӺＷááһһǸۡ
һԲֻɿָȴ
ʱ䣬ʯūɿղޱ䵶Ծ𣬵ͷ񴡣񴲻ɫδɿǯϹٺྱֺ֣ὣֻһҵĲֻ֮ѣѪڽָȴֺûзɡ
ǰղޱΧס
񴣡ղޱĲѣ˫֣д̳Ѹȫ޳͡
΢΢Ŀǰڶڣ޷ʹһǽУᡢƣն¶
ָ½Դ
ΪɣҡΪǡ
ϹٺֻͷϷɭɭ⣬ô󺰳ū䵶ѹĽ棬뵶ǣЯɽ֮ƣ¡
ѴѪ澢罦Ϲٺգǰ̡
ʺ֣Ҳ֮ɿ
ϹٺҺһԵڵأ˫ףѪɫʧ
ūȻ˿¶죬ǰб񴡣
ͬһ֣ͬһѽ̹򣬾Ʊһˡ׷âӿǺΣ첨纣
ղޱƳ˾˫ͬгìת䷽λ˽ͣɨһţɢͣݲԾΧṳֱϹٺʺūǰȵٲδˣ
ūԣ΢΢һͣҲǡ⵱ڣгᴩΡ͸ǶѪҲ˳ŽѪۣԴԴӿ
Ϲٺɫɷף˵
ʱƳд㵣ֻнڣδ
º
Ȼһʶǰĺ
ֻһۣһ棬ڶһ˽֮Ծᡣ
ֻõһ棬ͷԵռһ̣ѵȻ޴档
ҡҡϹٺŵ棬ǡǡ
ղޱ˫һ֣ڳһֻֽ
ཫūΰγղޱԡЮϹٺ࣬ƵöԷ˳ţ˲⣬ŷΧ˽ϹҫŻȺ֮⣬һ˳˸ơ
һڻ̹й
磿ϹٺɫɷףǡҲŹ𣿡
Ϲҫɫ̩Ȼ糣࣬ڴѾʧڡһõĽ
硭Ϲٺˮ
Ϲҫԣֻ˸򵥵ơ
һʱ֮䣬뷢֧㣬ڱΣǰһƬڰ֣޹֮ˣŵ˻Уϴš
ղޱһʱ壬ʶЮϹٺ֣ԣһӵڻԾݶ
ὣ컨һƬ㵱ॵе֧ղޱԾ£̤Ƭݶݶȥ
ղޱ̲סͷһۣϹٺ̼䱻֧û壬Ծ˸¡
һ·ݣ뿪Сֱ⣬ȷ׷ٷͣ¡
ƳղޱǰѪæδַ鿴ȷϲδ˺󣬷һ
̧ʱղޱЩƵĿԼŲ˾ٲףԽӲɿ֡
˵Ϲҫʲô˼ղޱ򴽣Ҳ˵ϹٺҵɾҲ跨ģ԰ɡ
ԣ΢΢ü
֮ûʲôϹҫôƸ𣿡ղޱĸ첲ǵּͲֻ˿ġҷϣֻ·һ˵ɱһȲΥּ⣬Ҳļ޸ˡhǡǴ鵱գҲɱ
Ŀһ
񴡭ҸղǲӦþҡһǷˡղޱ⣬ҪǡҪǡ
£ս֣οȥˡ
ôܹȥأѾˡղޱԼϹҫҪҽƱһֱ׷ɱǣǡл뿪گ
ߵˡĿᶨΣҶһԭ˵ţ㼴֣ǰ߿


247 . 
̷̵ֽضǸ޴Բ, ̧ͷ£ʱѱ棬ıڹ⻬޷, Ǹ֡Ѳ֪˶, Ծûҵ·
ˡң̱ڵ, ͷϷ⿴ãüԽԽ
޷Ǽɫ, ֻ˵ʲôգ㼴ͷ, ָָϷ, ʵ룬ͷʲô
Ƕִл֮, ͬ, ɸ·ߡң̾˿, Ļ䡣
µӲޱȣȻȴǵ, ˵ʱ, ƶˣ
Ϊȴģ
һȻվᵶߵǽ, һն¡۵ӿŨɱ
޷һ, , Ծ˸ս
ңң̲סʵ, Ҫһ, ҵ㡭㲻ôҰɣ
ʲôңŤͷ, ʵ
˵ˡ޷ǰڰ, û¡
ңǽնüѧˣȴԾûͷ°㻮ۡƽãĿһְѵһߣԭ
ҪȻ˰ɡ޷ߵԣµ˼֮£Էǳܽͣ롭ǳȥˡ
ңƬ̣ͻȻŤͷס˫ۣʵ𣿡
޷ҡҡͷɿһֲԾ¶Ц⣬סң֣вʣ뵽ΪҶˣο
˵ţ̾˿Ҫа취ܾȥˡ
ˡңޱ·ϲһȦ˸ᣬԼһȦеͲµˡ
޷һЦһǣ㼴ӵǽ棬Ŀ˯¡
ֻصҹĻ龰ֻǰ·ξ֮Уסǰ죬·ԶҲûоͷ
ΰѼ䣬޷ϡϵĵˮ˫ۣȴǰ龰ס
֮ﻹǰǸ޴ҶһԼ࣬泱ʪϷദµˮڵһ̲̲ˮݡ
ǽ˴ССĵۣĺۼӽ磬ϸۼխȻ񳾱
ңңѡ޷ң
ң˸Ƽǰ龰һ㶣æͷȥ޷ϵĳȷ𣬷˿
㿴޷ָָǽ档
ңŤͷһü
û´ǰΪþ޷ǵڣþȴˡ
ɡԭֺڣң
˸ϲϵĳЯͷһۣ˶ڰޱȣһȥߵͷȴһʯڣʯǸ̨̨ϰһ޴ģʯᣬ̯״ϷŹֵķ֣·Ӧӡźĵȵȸֲͬġ
㿴Ƥֽϵ֣ңָʯϵĹŹַţʵ
޷ȡƤֽǰ˶
ûˮϱһֲֶ
رѱϹٺߣΪûһݣң˿ӵĹ⡣
ˮУ·ϣǡ޷ָ򣬵ֵطûʯҷۣôˮȣ
Ҳ˵ǰǴߡңᣬֽͱҲûУҲ
ô֡һҲδسꡣ޷ָ˶ʯ
ң˫ִʯϣζӳ£֪ǿЦСָһᣬָǶһ϶Żعϸ쿴ʯУиΰ񣬸պѰĴС
һ޷ǣͷԴʯ޹󣬹һȥʱ֮ʯ׷ɣõǡ
޷Ǳһʯвʶȥ̧ʱѼңӰһϲǰ˻Ρ
õģǱƤᣬⷭҳֻƼߵʯһģһ
޷ǰһһ˲˷ܵĹ⣬ֺܿʧ
ôȥ
ңһɣָָʱķ򣺡Ҫȥһͷ
һź޼ƿʩ뿪ʯңһͷȥŷ֣һ֮Կ⣬Ϊߵ·ʮ䣬ǽľͷǰЩףʹ㴦޷ǵĵط
ֻһͨԲʯңûаҹҲʧֻһľͳĽζ
߳λãһڡ
Ҵ֪ˡң޷ǵֱ˽ȥûñ㿴˹⡣ţǰһƬïޱȵӣҹ֮ѹ֣Ϊڵɽ⻹һƬܱߡ
ʮָۣڱȥȴᵽһŨҵѪζԼͬͣ˽Ų
˵ô£ң޷ǣСʵԻþʧΪʩ֮Ѿ
޷ַ롣
ǸףɱǸףˣжı£ңĻ£ȴͻȻһʶ
ԭνķֽ̣һں֮ڣҽ̵伮ղһﲻ֪νķ
ͤ˭
ôᡭңԾ˺һš
ɽңһж˿¶󡣿ǸŮȴ׾ٽȫ޿κεĶ֣նǰ
ԣǸڤˮĴ˵Ǽ٣
ͤǾ˺£ع⾰ͻͽ㾳أ
ңڻ㱼䣬ͤĵĻȴѵ˶ߣӴԭﻹ©֮㡣
ͬʱ̧ۣȴڿǰ˵һ̣мͬʱ¶ŵĹ⡣
ǰͤǵģһģͷ˿תΪ˪ףͫɢĺ⣬һֻζشŶˡ
޷֪Уȴֽң
ȤԭҪĶѾͤĿͣңϣ쵽һ룬ȴ˻ȥ
ҪΣңҧʵ
ѽֻǾ֡ͤ۲ңϵɨط}˵Ц㶼°Ҫ㲻ñ
⻰ʲô˼ңǰȴ޷§סһѱ˻
ûʲô˼ͤ翣ڤˮ֮ף飬ǲʥ˳鶶ȥһΪǿ԰գȥ
ѻ˵ʲô飿ͬʲôϵң޷ǵԼɿ׷ӡ
ң޷Ǽ״æ˳ȥȴУʬƹǹͤһˡ
лɡ
Էǧɵˣһţ˵ŤͷƳ˵ɲǣЦ
ǴɰʵװͤĿرúָ֣֮䣬ƾһεϣңǰ⡣
ң޷Ƴ˾صɴ˫ۣԭء
ңӣҲĪȻء
⡭˼еңо𺳣Ƽһ˿̿֡
ͤ΢ЦΪû飬ܻڣ
ͬʱס˹ȥ
֪ݿսСԭԸ֮ȴΪøеĺӻȥֹӲдһꡣͤΪΪϻе̣Ϊ̵ֻˣŻ֣Ը컯֮˶ʱ壬¡
ͤ˵⻰ʱңĿ⣬гвмǰʹҪ£Ҹı⣬ΪħΣֻҪܹסңұ㳩裬αΡҲòҪҡƫҪ֪ƴȫµӻøãڽеʥŮܺ绽꣡
԰գָ̧޷ǣЦԽ}ˣܰǾͺúõţǧָ֮£ܰ㵽ʱ
ֱͤлһһԶ
˴˿̣ң֮ʧ
£Ѳʣ˿һʱ֮ȻǰԵȥ
޷ǿ첽ǰڻУһͤлɶ˵ıӰʧ
ңң顭ңبǧңૣԭҵ֡˼
ղᵽ鶡Ҳ˵νʥʵˡ޷˫Ŀ΢أԾδֹ
ˡң飬֪ǿЦҢλʮ꣬о鶸й⣬ҹ𡭡ǷͲ˼֮ҵȷˣܹսʤ
Σǰ¡޷Ǿ㼴ᱧǣ˵͵Ĵ󷢣ûѵ伮ߣǽٺҡ԰գĿһƽȥ
ͬʱڴлߵͤ࣬ʵţΪβջأ
ΪҪֹͤЦѵѦ񣬲ǵĳ𣿡


248 . һɽԶ
޷ԭ, ңˮ·ԲŻѡ·УگЩʱҲ޷Щ, گ, Ӷ½֮, £̵ֻʱڴ뿪˴
Ϊҹζ, ƥңԭΡնһ붨õ·߼۶ȥ
ң, ԭҲûʲô, Ͼϰ֮ˣϰ˷缱, ʹṦҲһ, ٲ, ҲˤͷΡԼͤʼյ֪, 㼫䲻ȶ, һն·Ż²ֹ
޷Ǽ״۲ѣֻСȻˮ֮ϣⲻ֮£ֻܹҿЩС, ӵڲЪϢ
ң޷ǻ, յĵ, ˯, ʱʱȥŻ, , ȻЦ, ҡҡͷ˵ǸʲôԳ˱߾ǽ첻Ӧеصز顣ͤ˵ôЩ¡˵һ᲻ҲǸ֣
˵޷ǵǸӣҲ𣿡
˵ĻģҲ֪ʲô˼ң˸Ƿ˵Լû㣬ᾭҼǵ𣿡
޷һԲҿͷ½󣬿ԭ¶հ̺۵λãֹ£ɫԽء
͵һΰɣң˵ʲô֪
Ǽá޷ḧ󱳣ֵ
˳˴У´ĶͷպÿһС޷ڼνҵղޱµļǺţһ·Ѱȥһǰǻϡ
ԭռսղޱƽΧǻأԧУԲŻ޸СҲȴδõűУĥ˰Ҳ֪´ֻա
ʧɢգھ룬ڸ˵Щľ
ʧɢԺǱ·ԭ;ղޱһֹۣ룬ּ˵ʥ̵ˣиЮңٺЮϹٺţȴϹҫնݳ
ʲô˼޷üһѲϹٺ
Ϊּ⣬˵Ϲҫʹ⡣ҵãעǸӡ
ԣǵʱ£ҲⲻһңЦҡͷαʲô䣬ʲôãѹ̵ֽף˵ʥ̾Ȩͽ
ʲôף˭ˣղޱæʵ
˵ǵ䵽گķ֧һǱܽ伮ʥּͬ˼ҡһֽ֧̣һֱɽУ
Ҳ˵h֮˵ʥʲôûеΪһʼѾӴЩ͵伮ˣղޱ򣬡ûС
ײõҪĶңǲ˲ͤԾ£̾ͷң˲
ãֱӻԭȥˡղޱȻͷ
˵ޱϵıܶڲڣңʵ
Ȼˣղޱͷôˣǿš
ˡңһ޷ǣ
ˣѲɸˣղޱɴ۵
ĳЩ˽˰߻˶ճɽ̿ңűܱܶܰٶҲܽٶ͸ˡ
ۣʦ֡ղޱ޷ǣ¶һ̾Ϊֹ飬濴ƽǰܣԭңôҪչ˰
޷һЦһʼ˵ţ˹ȥղޱСҲѧʣʦֽ̽㡣
棬Сղޱһ飬ͷҡ÷ɿ죬ҲŲҪ
޷ԣӣЦҲЦ
䵽֣ͬŻϣҲگɵ׼뿪ʱȴһļͬС۵˵ǸŮѾʥ׽ˣѺȥ׼䡣
ǿɲùıʥŮˣ͸մ
ˣ˵ŮǸˣСկѧһ׶Ĵˡ
ҪǾ͸ˡ
һֵܽһˣĬ
˰Σղޱȿڣ˵ģ᲻ǡ
hң
ղޱŭѣϹٺϹҫԼɱģȻƵhϣ
ΪץǣֻѰ򡣡ңһöˣӵǺ񣬶һ޵ĺݶ
ȥ˰ɡĬãڿڡ
ȥ޷Ǵ΢Цٷ
ðһûԹءңһЦȻ
˴һ£̵ת;ѰԹ£ȥֻʣһöܶһ·ʮСģƿɽ֣Уٷֱֵ
ѹĽϿգ
hڷʯ̨ϣգ㱡ɫĹȫȴ޷ȥ۵׵
ԭѾҪ뿪ȴϹҫı˼ǣǴϹٺһȻϹٺಢֳ¡
ʮƭĽ飬һ
hĿͷȥȴȻһХ̧һȴŵһ㣬һƣȴֻ̳նڷΧˮǵһȦֱ۵ȼ˲һȵùֵȵ̨֮Χ۵İն׷˿
һӰǰ콵ֳֺᵶնվԵϹҫ
㡭ǡhһʱȻӦѾ뿪گ𣿡
㻹ôߣңŤͷЦȻ
նټ˽ٷ̺ٱ̨Χס
ңɲЩֱӻӵնϼhֽһ¸̨һٱؿڣֱɳȥأʹȥʡ¡
Ůնֱָh벻㾹ͬ
گǻӹȴ޴ңն˵ֱָ꣬Ϲҫľϣıáһƻ󣬺ڰײ֣ɱ޹Ǹ
Ǽպʧڣ֮ˡϹҫɫģ췢һ߳
ӿǰķūˡ
ôֻһأh䣬һӣһƳȴƼǰͣϸһƣΪʮöͭǮ
ͭǮ˿߹ֱָֺۣ˿ĩˣղޱʮָ֮䣬˲Ϣ䣬ۻҡ
ԭhһڿڣ𾪲ѡ
ʯ̨Χˮȼ⼴ϨңһֻżhһּᵶݲӭΧ£Ĺٱͷβһܽ
ǲһһ˲ۡһһʽȻңԺС
۴߷Ǳ룬顣
ᣬζ
ѩɽʱ¶ͣңȴظ䣬ѣն
Ǳˣҡѱ߻ȥҶǣѾûκˡhãȻʧ룬ӿϸмּż֮⡣
˵ʲôأңЦҪȵ㣬Ǽ޹ؽҪš
hü΢ǣѵΪ
һϵˣҪͬңչգִ˺

ԣ
Ϲĺ㡣


249 . ǧﲻ
Χ۵İɢٱһ, ȶ˱
ΪǱѿҪȼһȦһٴȼ
ʱ, һΪ͵϶, ǻǽһ˺һڡ޷Х, ѿп̨ת˲, ѿĻ⣬Ϊһ塣
罣, ֮, ȴɽ֮ơХ£ĥ, նϷ˪, ѻǽ
ԭԭ, ˡ˵Ų̫ĺĿ޷ϡ
ͬʱ, ̨, ū߾絶ղޱȴһȥƣƽ, һ, 񴡣
͵Ϯ, ʥҲ㱾¡񴰵˾, һ, ܾ, ȵū˿
̨ϻ, hභ书ã˵ûе˿ﲻæֻԶԶվһߣۡ
޷ǰȽ֣ȴҲʽ֮󣬻ࡣ
һ诡һȻеĻ˷硣
Ȼ׻Уȴ㲻ĸ֡
Ψзһˣ֪Ӻδ˾治״ķ磬磬ɱ˵С
ңǿǿǿһٵУе̶һȥ޻صľȻƣѲ񷣬նƣʤݡ
ϻԷһ࣬ȴдƫ
һΣͼӲĺᵶȴ紩֮磬ޱȾ׼ܹÿһУֱƷҪֱֲ첻ѡ
⼸˲̶֪ռ䣬ң׾ʲô
ڻĴ֮У޿ɵͤͬһֻӭʹİãòһ֮嫣һҲ޻֮ƥСЩӣҲܵκԼҲЩǰҲᵽ޼ƿʩĻں
֮䣬Ȼ͸¾ڵĵ꣬ʼղͻƵġۡô˿̣ɡ
һǡѩȥöΰƵϯһЯƿ֮УֱƷĿڡ
hһЩ̱ڵأ̧ͷʱֻƼң񳾴Ŀڣ͸θ͸ǶͻصУѪˮӿ糱
޷Х£عȲ
ʯ̨⣬죬̨µղޱˣȫȻ޷嵱оƣ˶˱ԾΣûеڶ·
ͼūѲĶ֡䵶֮£УϤƵءǰ벽һҡ⡢һȨʽڣѲɱ棬ūѣֻܲ൶񵲣缤ΧŲңūҲƮƮ˳ȥպڼ߾ٵĳϣ̶
ⳤҪǿôһܸ˵ġղޱĻϲ˵
䣬һĳ꣬˿һֱ˿ϣȴһƹĲһ˶ϿڣͭǮҡǲЩ˵Ľŵףֱۣ̱ˡ
ȵľ㣡ղޱбɨ˿ߣʮöͭǮЮž磬˪籢Щš
Բ󷨣ǣжУд߷ԼĹһɾ֮£ˡ
ͬʱʯ̨ƽˡų⣬żhһʯ̨
Ȼһ̣ٶҲˡ
ʱƥһղޱżhһ޷ӵδȫѧңһ㣬۶ȥ;м½أն£ųگʱ·Ҧݣתϵ
Խ߾գнٱ׷Ծû⼸ˡ
ȵ⣬ǽϵؽ磬گϽЩٱҲԽС
תղޱһѣȴ˫֣żh˫⣬˵Сġ
hĹСͷС˾л
޷չһЦӵңƥǰֻҪ̤گ㰲ȫˡ
ҡhЦҡͷŻлܹǡˣޣҲֻѰȥͲͬˡ
һˣȥİղޱʵ
ȥĶá䱯ǰ£֧ЦhЦҡͷ˿ֿ˿ˣȻҡͷǰ£ҶԲסǣչҡ
֪ˡղޱָ񴣬û£αطϡ
֪ˣh΢һ㶣漴񴣬ȴ˵ͷ
ǡҲáh̾˿ǡˣЩǡh˵ţ㼴תԶ
뱨𣿡ղޱıӰʲôˣ
нᣬһʱԿ⡣޷ǵ
˵⻰㼴ӵңתȴȻhһС
˾ͷƼһ֧̼ӼhϲƿշֱĿڣǧһ֮ʣһĨٿȻһhұۣһԣὣնö̼
֮ˣòĽ࣡
δ֣ܵһñӵĽӲԶĹľȥ
Ľ״̧һöʯӣ˽ףʹ֮ԵڵأϸպпǼĴʯǽñбסüģһͷײʯͷϣԴ
ࣿ޷ԶԶţ¶ŵɫ
Ľǽزһʱסæɿhͻ漴ǰ鿴Σ¶ΪѵɫվתԶ޷ǵʵǡ
һʱ˵壬ȥɡ޷ǶپһѾô⣿
ҡĽ˵Ȼ˱һԵļh㼴߹ȥʵû°ɣ
ҡhǰüĿ㣬һº͵֪꣬ı֧֧ᣬҡû¡û¡
Ľŷ˵ͷ̧ȴ޷ߵǰ
ġĽ࿴һ۲ԶΡնˣ̾˿ǰѰһΣλʦܸסˡ
Ҹ޷ֻĪ
ʵЩ飬һʼͲµˡĽεЩģĸԽԽ˲²⣬ֻǾãĸдƳıװ֪飬롣
Ŷ֪ˡ޷Լ࣬Ȼû
֮𣬸ױܵٳ⡣Ľ˼ǡ
Ҷл˸⣬޷ǹЦˡ˵ţתҪߡ
磡׿ڣƯ֮ࡣĽ󺰵ֻǡ
˰ɣ޷ǽŲ΢΢һֻͣΪ͵ǰᣬֺαصȵڣ԰գȻߵңǰڣӵͷͬΡնһ˿ȥ
Ľ౾׷ȴȻһ죬ͷһǼhͷߣεڵء

ԣ
ҲƽѧǼhɫҪʵڲ֪ķź Ժ󲻸ˣģƽÿŮԽɫԼĹ


250 . 
ʱ, ۣڵõڼĵĵ伮ֻƤֽ, ϸϸ, ֪, ҿࡣ
Ȼ飬аҳ, һʱꡣ
Ư⣬׷ɱ, Ҳûʱ, һ֮£Ǿͬղޱһͬȥɽ, ˻, һʱ, ݣһ㡣
;С, ֵƻ, ʱѰ˸ƧĿš⽣ϵϣɽ裬ЩƤҩһ׷һʱҲ, 徻
ңһˮ, Ƥֽ˽ȥ޷кī, תͷֽϵ¶, 漴չͷֽ, ѹֽ
ôôͲޱأ޷, ʵ
ޱ˵, ϵС㣬ȥ䣬ʲôң
Ϊˣ޷ҡͷпگ꣬ҲûҵθڵĶϵһʳΪʢҪֲ˼ˡ
㻹˵ң£һ濴¼Ƥֽϵķģһ˵ǰһֱΪͬЩͬ٣鲻ԭ˹ؼʱ򣬻ͦгֵķ緶
ڿң޷̧ͷ¶ϲƵЦ
㣬ңһԴдȻһˮֵȥա
޷üһЦֵͷȥ¼
ңˮеƤֽпȥگһһأꡣҺûа׷ѹ򣬷ƽ޹ʱ˰ôһˡ
٣û汻Ϲٺɢ޷ҡͷпǰگֳһĻӡû뵽ֺõ罺ᣬһһѲ¡
£ޱӣٻںġң˼Ҽǵ˵ⳤ֪£ŭô𣿡
Ļʲô£޷һֻ飬ðԼȥɡ
㻹˵˼ңңָһһۣҲʲôö
޷ʶ˶㣬תͷ˿ûһֺƵش˹һЦ˵ʦ綼֪ˡ
֪
Ȼ֪ˡ޷һͷԼµȻʼգȻûϷˡ
ˣңգգۣĿ͸¶һ˿
һˣɲܲҪҡ޷Ǽģ̽㿴һҲûɣ벻Ҫ񣬸գһ仰˵򶼹ˣʱ˵ɢɲ˰
ƶɡңָüһ㣬ֵ˵ϹٺͷҲ
Ц̣֪ɫĻ˰ղޱͬ˴СɫǳʣãŻط
ʱֵ£ɫĺӺůҹҲԽӶݡ
峿ղޱŹǷŤͷڴأڳ˼£㼴յ࣬ͷʵ񴣬ʲô
룬λȥǵʦͬȥһݡŤͷ˵
Ϊʲôղޱδȫ˯ѣԺʵ
ȥʯס񴻰ƽ
ôżղޱ
㲻ôȥ𣿡ʵ
ôסղޱշɺ죬һѵʦǲҲû
˵˵ɫ˵£Բ⣬Ҳܡ
ǡðɡղޱ죬ͷˡ
㲻Ը⣿ֱ˫Ŀʵ
ҿûô˵ղޱͷסͷɻ˽䡣
Ƽģҡҡͷ¶ֳЦ
ɽУָפ֮ؾһƬ֮СһеӣڴѾסһʱգ裬ӦоС
Ƽ޷ǻǲһ˲漴οĹ⣬ϸһǰͷͷ̾ͺážͺá
˵⻰ֿ˿վһԵңһֹģ㼴Цﲻؽţֻ㲻Ը̡
лⳤϡң
򵥺֮󣬷Ϊ˰סǰͷ㣬δסһ𣬻صȴعأ޷֮͵ֿס
£һаٺúͬղޱʯ˰ɢҳֿװģ漴ҵ裬˵
䲻֪ǺԵɣһ֣أ㽫ȥԺѯɡ
ʦʯףӭȢޱ񴹪˵
αżǵʱ򣿡ʰգ죬΢΢һŤͷسòᡭ
һף֪΢΢ͷ
ͽŭָ⡭Ϊзִ磬˭֪㡭㡭ѽͽǰȫ൱ȴ˵Ļŭ䱳̾һ
³򣬵ңǵӲФʼͷʦȫ
ͬ˵Щкãͬʯ˵ȥɣͷһ۷裬ָָݲҡĳѽɻǵŹ棿ŷ磬ʮ㡭һҸӣȴԺпտҲʲôҲҲţһʱȥ
ǡڴʱӵŸҰ˹һڵϣ˹Χ˰Ȧʵǳĳһͱʦ㴳
ûֻĬĬ߿
һͷ߿ԺԽԽ²ԡͽӣ˽ⲻԵɣȻ֮¡οղޱ֣ȴºôҲ
˼ǰתȥʯ
ǰղޱһȥ裬ȻµΪ£һʱ֮䣬赽ץ˼ҳͼ䣬װͷ
ޱЩҪúϢһ·س˲ٿͷ࣬ⰵԸп漴޷֣޷ǰʦл㡣
޷ǿ˿ղޱֿ˿裬ͬңһͷͬʯԺ
ô£ָʯ򣬵㲻֪ܲɣʦ֡ǲִ֪磬Ҳִ֪磬ôܡ
ⳤϣ¿Щӣ޷ǵշʱ򣬱˵ңҲ֪顣
˵˵Լ£Լ֪ܲ۵
置һگʥŮ԰һģҪ²ɡ޷ǵ
ģҩɣŭ
ǵûУơ޷ǵҪƣʵЩ鷳ԡ
˹֮ˣЩʵڲ֪˵ڣ˼ǰ죬˵֮ܶǽõ㣬ʵ⣬ǣԡʵǲѶΪ֮

ԣ
ڣңңȫһݵģȻܺơ
ղޱֻ˶ֶ࣬᣻½ôҲᶯ
ң涼
桤̹ĵİ飬ҾͿ㡭


251 . Ѱ
ôɴȥأ, ޱѾͷôҡ
ⳤ, ʵҾôҲˡ޷ǵ, ÷, ƣû, ҲΪޡֺαΪһ⣬ǣ
ҹǣҪҲֻǲФͽҿޱݲ, һ·һ˲ٿͷС, ƽﻰҲ࣬Ƣš, ûòޱԿࡣ̾, ҪֻΪ²ѶΪ֮, ҲίѲޱ
ǡ޷һ, 㼴ʯ
˺һ, ղޱĥĥʯ˳
̶Цݣ֣ʾղޱǰ
ղޱһʱס֪ŭϲ, ŲҲԥԥ
ޱ, ֻߵǰ, ʵ㵱Ը޸Сӣ
ղޱʵһ, ˺ð, Ծнص˵ͷ, , £Ҳô
ǿɲܾô㣬⻰ֱҪ۸㣬ɵøʦ壬
ûаղޱãȻҡͷҡҾǡ
Ҫ£лֱ˵˵
Ҳû뵽ҡұҲôżղޱһ̬һʱ˳˵ʵ˵ҲûôأҲĻᡭ
˵ʲôֹһΣ貪Ȼ˶Ҳ˵űԺ
ڸеԶԶô˼䶯ֻԣɻ˻ǡһѷſһľȥ
ʦ壡ⳤϣղޱɫ䣬æ˹ȥʯڵŵ죬Ҳ˳
Ҳͬһʱ̣Ժڵһڵŵ춯Ҳ׷׾£֡
Ҳһ찡@Ұݣýζ
̹ӣ֪дҲȫܡ޷ǷӦ죬һݲǰһѱ㰴˷ľ
ղޱ౼ǰȥڶ֮䡣
޷ǵֽȣȻڷ֮ϣľ󣬷һֱӱ
豻һѶľһʱ죬Ťͷһ޷ǣֿ˿Ǹӣʵ㡭ǡ
ⳤϣ˼У޷˫ֽľѹɤôһ֣ɾû˲֪ˡ
迴˿ֿһ񴣬վãָԼĻԼ԰գ㼴ȥ
гϣȻ֪µԣһߴٶȥݡ
ȵݣδʯղޱһѣСһʦȱ˵
ΪΣ񴲻
ٷϻղޱһۣ֣߽š
ʯڷУӧ˵ղޱͬˣҪ˰֣ʾ⻽˽
ղޱ֣սľͬһ߽С
¯ƣʯһյ裬Ķ𣬴յߴ˴ʲôֱ˵ɡ
ղޱǰŭ̬֮æǰ˵׵ġ
ôżкˣʯ诲Ϊ⡣
ûУղޱ⻰Ǻʦ˵ʲôأ
ûУǶҲˡʯ请²յ񴡣
ǵӲФͻ˲ޱʯϳȫ񴹧
Ҳáʯ诵˵ѾͷҲû˽סǰ˲ԡޱ֪ҪһˣһһֻΪǱռӣƶ˼ɣҲḺ㣬˾
ҶˡղޱûҿϹϾ˵ͷ
Уͬˡʯ诵˷ޣܲϵرһϣһݡ뵽ס
񴿴ղޱȻ
Ҫɡղޱʶãһصɽصðᣬʯ̬ƽͣᶯ
áһͷ
ˣʯվǴ±㶨ˡŹ棬һǵôǡ
ʦղޱȻɫ䡣
Ϊʯ诱ȷ˵˭֪˵ˣôһ
ʯ诲˵һʮһʮޱӿ϶ܲסˡ
ղޱ˵ȴ񴰴֣ҡҡͷ漴תʯ诣ƽ˵ʦš
İɣʦзִ磬عѵġʯʼյȻ˵꣬Ŀ֮ת񴣬ϾܵסԼͽҲЩ
һףȻܡ
ʯһ⣬ܿȥɽ˵˼ӣղޱߡͶϣԶ»£򵥲ٰһݾס
֮⣬⸽һС㣬רдģͷдŹ棬ѽʮ
ڷпС㣬̾ģ·֣ƼûգϢָһڵӼ䴫
ǰɣʦǷʲôôصķ@յȺм䣬ʵ
ֻ֪֪ʦʹļףǰʲôŭԹĴ֣ҡҡͷ
׷ʲôˣӺ治ѡ
ɢɢˣָʲô۳ɢˣǵģһͲÿʦֵЦŹӲǴԼϣ֪ء
һڵһԣһ˵ţͥԺʯ˶С
޷ҡͷһЦп˵ʮȥһӲվˡ
ΪǼ𣿡ң˼Ҫô˵ĻǲҲðٴ򣿡
ǾãܵЩ˻޷ǿЦҡͷȤ˵ҪǱŵӣ񴣬ö࣬Ů𡣡
ɽɵûĹءң˵ţһתԸĻ
޷ʵ
ҹңһЦ
޷⻰Ծ˸䡣

ԣ
һʼͲǹǳ׵׵Űˣ޷ǵҲ׽


252 . ǳ
Ϲʱ, ԭս࣬ĺͿ̿һգĸһ, л, 𲻶, ȼһ𣬵߳һ, һɣĿ͹, һ, 쵱񣬽, ս, ڷΪ, νʥ
ʥԽ֮, ѻԭ, أظգ˰֡Ϊս𣬽ʥ, һν֮, ֮, ڽ, 뷲˳֮ɲν֮Ԩ, ڶ֮, صڤ, 磬ѿݽߣֻһظ¶ν֮£ɽ䣬ǧǰ̮Ψ֮д档
˷ᣬʥһŮȥΨ飬ڤ֮ףʥѪ֮֮ҽ̡
ƤֽϼɲĴ·λ
صл˵ɲ翪ԼĪʮʮôһأÿ¶ڼ䣬Ϧɽճʱ֡ʱϣһν翪㣬»ؿҲ⼸䡣
ӽ翪رգһʱܹҴ˼ߣ֮١
ˣƤֽϼصݡ
֮£֮ԨѲڣΨһѰٵģֻɲ˴صʥأǰΪԭ򣬽ɢȻ˽˿Ϊ֮
дţεЩܣɲ
˷ʮ޼ǡмأɽҲԶܻ֮ǧԲɽԲˮڣν֮ڤҲ޷鲨ɣɵоˣ̫ӡΨܵ䴦
Թű㱻ΪɵɽҪ뵽跭ɽԽϱ˾סֻ䲻࣬ȴûСֻδңԣֱ޷Խ⡣
޷ǱڳеȺȴƫƫϣҪͬȥ
ֱϴǰһ̣޷ڼȰ˵¡
ϻگô鷳¡ȷԳܻŻң
޷ƿԣֻ÷һ˴ѡΧ෽дεĴס
ɴʻûжã㿿ŴŻ
޷Ǽ״æˮԣḧ󱳣˵˵ˣˮ·ߣδ㲻Ӧ
˴ͺ𣿡ң˵ţпСˮ
޷ģ΢΢ЦԭɱķġµһˣҲо֮¡Һãֻ֪
ң⻰˸ۣó
޷ЦЦȻһ㣬ʵ˵μʱҶԻǸİˡδôͬˣ㲻Ҷв֮𣿡
ûôֻãԳ˴ûˣһСٵˮ̶̲ң˵ţ룬ֵϸ룬ϵĲ㣬Ҳδػϴ
ΪΣ޷Цʡ
֪ң˼ưɡӻ@ģҿ϶
޷ԣЦգֲÿ˶޳дϡ˵ţ㼴򢣬˫Ŀ˵ãϵҡȻڴϣôɱˡ
ңԶЦһȭؿڣȴеˮ޷ǷƽӦЩһܵˣһ̡˵ţ㼴תȥˮ¡
תȴң˫֣ƲƲ죬һ὿εģһ㼴ǰԣӵ뻳У󱳣һȴƽЩϢһҾ㣬Ҳȥ
ңͷУȴ˵
ܾ²Ծ˵ҪǵȴʲôҲҲָΣ޷ʵ
֪޹Ҳûʲôʧң
㶼³ûʧ޷ǵɴ۵˵ԼҲ̫˰ɣ
ǣϣȥҵط𣿡ң˸Ƿ￿˼֡
ʵ˵ΪΣֲõԤС޷̾˿Ը󣬻ǹһ񡭡
ôԽԽˣңʵΪϴμͤǸģסˣ
޷΢΢üȲҡͷҲͷ
֮۽ΣֻҪ㻹߱㹻ˡң˵ţ˫ĿУȻ˯ȥ
˼գǰͷͣ޷Ǵᱧң´ֻͬһ·Χۣеľ棬еۣ˷ľ̾һΪŮӣСֹһ䣺ôõҲ֪ϡ
㿴㣬ң޷ǻУֲûȣŪôۡ
յĴԼߣֵ巽𣿡޷˵ţһڡ
ƶ졣ңЦŴһļͷ
ɽţǸĴ޷Ǳңһ·ȥҵһ˼ҽޡǳլӵũ˵ÿЩͷн˵ɽε֪ѰҺ
޷һɣûϸ⣬ֻ˵ӻŴɽȡԵεȬ
ңҲʮϣδµ㲲԰ףװһ̬Ъһ󣬱ͬ޷һɽ
ʱڣ¹ǽ⡢ʼɽľдïʢɽˮ㣬͵ּ䣬ƣɾ
˰ɽͷ޷ߵɽǰԶƵȺãֻعͷϸ⾰ü˼ãŤͷңʵⲻô·㵽ôһģ
ѽңһģ֣޷Ǽͷǰǻͬ𣿡
ⲻ㡭
˵˵Ҫûͬ˵Ѱɲˣ⼸ɽͷǲܰߣңбؿ΢΢һƲ
޷һʱƿԣֻ÷ҡͷ
ң˵תɽܿ޷Ǽ״æ׷ȥ
һƬУ׷ҸϣЦ֣һɽͷ;ѰңȴʼδҼ˵е֮
Ǽ˵ɲɽۣ뷲νġ硯ʲôңŲŹ⻬۵ϪˮǰУһ·ȻǰԶæŲͣ˵
磬˵ҵǸط𣿡һϸʵ
Ҫҵǿɾͷˡ˵ͷıأòһ
Ǹá˵ƺЩ©磬Ҿ˵ɣŴ磬϶ĲƱ
ڴ˻֮һһһߡ
˶һۣδڣƼĸ˴ǰӭ߳ͷǸ⣬׳һɷģŵˣһ۾˲ʣƫẈ̂ڶȱ˿űǷ˵©λ򳤵ƽƽ棬˵Ϊʵ̫ͨ˹ĿǴ˵ģ
ƼˣһɲܿӶ˹ȥ߳ԶС۾࣬ӵС໹һͬ˵ⲻӴѵҲұصģ
ꡪȱλү˸ơ
˱Ӱܿʧ
ô޷Ƴһۼ˱Ӱʧķ򣬶ңЦʡ
ǽҲϵǡң֣ʲô£ֻһֻ֣㹻Ǻüˡ
޷һЦǣ߿
˵ɲ翪ճϦɽʱһ춼ɽתƣҹ䣬δκ񼣣Ѱ˴յЪϢһ𣬿һԵš
ΪԽߣԽϡң޷Ǽͷǰ˶ʤ죬Ϊûν죬ҪԸģҲֻѰˡԴگЩ½֮£ƼͤǸģҵǡ
ҪҵǸֻǸˣˡ޷ǵ
˵Ϊֱڣأң΢΢üȴȻɫ޷ǵ䡣
˴ˣ˭֪ʲô޷ҡͷһЦ§ңһǡ
ͬʱһֻϸִӶ˱˳
޷Ǵ΢֣סţǰһˤֻһϡĽлǸżĴ浹ڵϣס۵
˱»Сң޷ǼͷбƳˣ͵˭ãҪ͵
Ǵ˴˺üǿӣڵϳģûعǰһĨ⡣
޷һӵңһХȻʣָüģɫסҲҶһ¡
ʲô޷ʵ
ҡСġСĽף˴
Ϊλ˵أ޷ʡ
ΪΪճף֧֧ᳶŻţƳ޷ӿֳɱ⣬æĿڵǡǸ缸ֻǴ·ûð˼ң
ô˵ʲôأңʵ㵹˵˵ɽʲô
ף⻰ʱŵſڵϡȻ޷Х£ȴʼûƿ˼
ϴ˵һλ˵˵ɽУиɲûԵҼڡף˵߲ŽϵĴܡֵǮ
Ŷ޷üЦʲôݣЩʲô
ף͵ۿ仯ǡҲǡ
ҽᣬС͵СֻеϣӣңЦʵ
⡭⡭ף飬֪ǿЦ
ɡ޷Ƿսִ򣬿ķ
ףһԣ˲˵ʱߣܵñӻ졣
˵ңü΢΢һԣɲڵϢв֪
֮УвʿˣϲܣĺȴӲ͸¶޷ǵͺñǰλ
˵׼˵ģͬһءң˼
ô࣬⣬Ҳֻ޷˵ţ㼴ңֹ֣ǰζһ΢Ц˵˵һ˫֣ôǼҴ˳뻯ģ
ͨɱһ˵ʱ򣬹Ϊܱң޷ǵ֣һգЦ˫ĿԣɱΪιеĶ֣Ȼǻúܲҵġ
޷ֻ֮һЦҡҡͷ
Ƕ˭Ҳ뵽һڵЦܳΪԡԺңԣĺ¡

ԣ
ǰκߵĹĺ͹Ű׻ã


253 . һԴ
, ǳ䡣һĨգŨõɫһɢϸߵĹ⴩͸ĺ, 
ң޷Ƕ, ˯, ůű˹Ժգգ, Զȴɽͷ, ƱԶࡣ
ˡңҡҡ޷ǵĸ첲, ȫۣ㽫ק, һ, Щûվȡ
޷Ƿͷվֱ, ȻԶһƬֵ㶵ҲͲôˡôͻȻôɽˣ
, ȥңɷ˵, ǣѭȥɽ·УûãȴһСӳ, , ﲻǰ, ߵҶ, ̽̽ͷ, , ְ, ⲻɽ·𣿡
ܡǴˣ޷˵ţعͷȥȴؽס漴˳ڣʾͷ
ң˳ָķתȥҲͬһɴۡ
֣һƽﻹǷߵɽ
ǡңȻ޷ǣֻƼҲͬ𾪵Ŀ⳯
ҵĵطңСʵ
ӡǵˡ޷һף˵
Ļ£Ŀ߽Сؽ־ɫ̣Ŵ˼ǵĽ̸ֻ֮Ѱ˵ͨ˿ͬ
ҪҪʣң޷ǣСʵ
ǡôʣ޷һΪѳ
ң룬޷ߵһǰʵλʦʣӽʲô
̫ƽ壬ǴģõУƵƳ˶һۣ˵ŴôǰɽԴ˰ɣ
˵ﻹֹһ򣿡޷Ŀɿڴ
ʲô⣿ƳһۣǹŹ֣İɣ
ԡ޷һ˲ַɿ췴ӦǡջͻȻ͡
ȥˡʢø˸ˣֻתԶ˵ǰԴˣ㶼Ǵģˡ
˵Դˣͬһңü΢ǵ˺ܶ𣿡
ǵˣҲʮʮˡӴˣҲͶˣЩ˼޹ȥǶ˼޹ͳ˵Ҫ֪ôȥȥͷҺԭҵϱǴӰԴ޹ġ֪ģŮҲˡ˵ţæµ̧ͷ˵
лˡңл㼴޷߿һ˴Сʵôɵһ
㵽ǡôܹƽľЩµģ޷ֻţֻҲűȻʵƯɽĳ򡢽硢þ˺鶡Щ־ִţͲóǰѵͲ¹һɽĳ𣿡
Ҫ֣Ҳ򲻹ѽңӯӯһЦƽɽһЩǰļšگһԺ£Ѿˡ
ֻ֪Ӳ֣ң񡯡޷Ŀһһһ֮ôνһ˵ҵڶš
ǰһһֱã뷨ͨѣסôùŰˣң
ҹŰ𣿡޷ָʵý㣬Ǿˣѵͬ춷ⲻǻ𣿡
Ѿߵˣֻزȥ˼ʲô취ң
޷ԣһʱֻý졣
ңĸ첲ֱظһǺСèƵģ˵Žߣһȥġ߲ˣĵطȥҲûʲôð
޷Ǳôһͨοֹֻܲ鲻Ը߿
ңƹĻ̽ش˼Ȥ޷ȴͬʼջųصĸֻһ̱иɽִ·ߴڳһڽ˸ȥ
λԭ˼ңסߵС¥ſڶ㡣⣬޷ң֣ԶԶվ¥£¥ݡ
ˣʲôޱͬ񣬴ͷԷɡңվ¥ݼ䣬ͷЦϷ⻹ûأʹҸǰˣ
޷һԲ鸴ӵضһͻȻ̾˿ǰ˼վڱ֮ͼ̨ϣҡΣΣƵ˵ܲܡ
ʲôңЦʡ
޷ҧԣüͷ˺һ˺ܴһ㣬С˾䣺ɡ԰գ֣ͷ¥ݣ˶¥š
˭ѽڴһϵű
⶯޷ӵңһ
һλͷ׵Ϻһ룬̽һԴ´һˣʵ˭ѽ
ģ塣ң˫ֺգЦϺʵˣڸ·֪ľ͵ʡ
Ŷ֪ˣϺָŶ˵һ˭ͬ˵ˣϱǴӰԴ޹İɣ
ңԾЦʵ롭
ѽ֪֪Ϻһ֣һҪŹϣұȥⳳҡ
Ǵ壬ôǰԴڡңδ˵꣬ǰűѱعϣءһ졣ӦߵţȴôҲӦˡ
ңǵţһͷ˿ԾЩµ޷ǣЦ˳յǰôûְɣ
޷ǿ˿Ծɱ죬ʲôҲ˵
ÿңп˫һ˹ȥգǣСŰˡ
ˡ޷ǰ֣С˵
ʢͣʱҲһ첻µزµģ˵ҲǶѧ˵ܹ׽̻ˣһʱ֮䣬ҪܽһţʵЩǿ
ȤĵطڴˡңóзԴ˼һжֵ̿úܣȴװһ򶨵ģ׳ŵӣһ·̽Ϣģǿǿɰƽ̩Ȼ֮״ȫͬԽԽϲ޲õֱ§һڡ
Ȼһ·ÿ˵Ļش𶼳һ£ֻ˵ǰԴɽҪߺԶ·ĸ򣬶ҡͷ˵֪
һкߵֽǣ޷һ͵ض
ʹңͷʵ
޷̧ãȻҡͷ
ҪôǻͷһǸϱң˵꣬ҡͷֵҪȥɽң˵
ңң޷¶
Ҳûطסңһ·߹ҿҲûУǵ˵ҲǲġǸϱǺԭɽģҲ֪˼Ҵġ
޷ǵͷһԲ
˼㲻ţǾֻɽ¶ˡңˣ㲻ø𣿡
޷Ծɿģȿ޹
ǲϴβ㱻ˣңʵ
޷Ѹٵ˵ͷ
ѹ֣ңҲ¡ң룬ɣһȥҸӣϴһһͷ㣬һͷңȽɽܷʲô˴˶̫ԶиӦ
Ͳһͷֻʣֻ𣿡޷Ϊʵ
ң⻰һЦԶ£ǣ͵һԴ
һԴ޷һ㶡
һ֣аٲңӢͷס
˵ţչȥ޷ǴһڣӢͷףӢû׼أ
ǣ޷ǸЦ˵⻰Լš
ţΪβţѵһԴǸӣΪ˶ս𣿡ңЦҲΪ˶սѽղһ·˼Ҳ˵֪ʲôֻ֪ϿʼˣⲻһԴ𣿡
޷ǿ˿Σԭŵ״̬и֣վˣҲҲӿ԰գ֣Сĳȥ
ң̧۳ȥ緢ģһɻϲ§Ĳӣһӡա


254 . 
ʮָ, ɽ䣬ɽ·粢޶, ֻǴӵ, ȻѲˡ
˼Ȼ, 絹ͬһƬ죬ʱ, ůȵ졣˴һƬ֣ӳǰ, һɽڸ, еխһ죬ǰ, һɽ, ȥ, Զ͸⣬ⶴ𴦲ͬ, лв, ·հڡ
Ŵ˼⾰ŹĻɶ㼴˽ȥ
ɽֱҳǰ߳Զ, Ҳδ·, ңβ, , Ȼһֱ, ȴһֱͷ
ǹǽɣ޷ɫ
ʲǰ, й, תȥɡң˵ţ㼴תȥһʼķߡ
ţ־Ծ
㲻ԽԽ𣿡޷˵ţܣͻȻһǽϵĻ֦˵㿴ڵл
ңתͷһۣȻǽĻ꿪ʼ䡣
ô°ѣ޷ǼǰȥȴԽ¶ȼʢɹһ㣬Ȳѡ
޷ĨһѶ亹ˮʮɻ̧ͷľ
ˣ߽ɽ˵Ҳʱࡣ
߲޷ǿһ⻨ľһתΪị̄üͷԽ̫Źˡ
ôࡣңӿ첽ǰȥ
ֲ֪˶ãЩľҶӣȻʼƣ𽥵㣬ΧĿҲ
ǡ޷ɫ䣬ңɿǰ
һɲʱ·𵹻ص̵ֽܵûرӣ£ʱȴ˸е˼
һԶҲܲͷɽŴﶬĸڡ
Ȼ֮䣬޷ȺһǰԵȥѾˮȫȻ̧
ңұ۴Լͷǰн߳һ·֦ͷҶ⣬ѩ
ѩģʵ˷ָȻͷ򶴶ȴѩӺ·ǶȽһ˪ִһѩһڶϡ
⾿ǻþġ޷ǿģڻѩૡ
ҡң֪Ӧ˵ʲôȴǵǡ
أֵģ˶ܵңסѩɽ֮У䣬Ҳס޷Ϸڽϣϰº͵ֻ£ֵס϶е˪ѩ
ܿһţԵң󾪸ſ˫֣ӵ꣬Ȼ΢ĩůԾԻĺ䡣
ѻ죬Ժ˵ңڳһֻ⿪½ѣȥǰϵʲôӡԼ𣿡԰գǰšůĴУ޷ɢ־ԻָЩȥǼᶨҵĿ⣬һ˫һ˲¶Щ㵡
϶޷ʹÿһͣһһطֱϻظأѭȼľǻеǿģȴůʼǿš
ֱȥ»ů¶ȣŴůָ
޷ǻһ˫֣еָⲻٽӲְ½£ǼҲ÷죬飬Ĵһ೤˲֪г˶ãعƽ¼壬ЯǰС
ǰ·в֪ж೤ȴĬڲĵǣһǰƺֱ䳤࣬ůʱã·Զᵽļǣ֣֪ģȻ㿴ǰĹ⡣
治ǻþ޷Ǵϲæ˳ȥ
ɽ֮⣬һȪػ£ʣƣֱƼ䡣
޷ǺȻ£ͷһۣȴҲɽڡ
־ˮԴһɽɽСڣ·й⡭ңૣǡ
ǡԭǱ㲻֪ôģȥҪô죿޷ʵ
ӣסңָȪ߿أЦɽʯľ졣ٲãɹ㣬Ҳܹ
ôһ˵һˡ޷Ц
˵˵ЦЦɽѰ··һƬݴԣȻƼһֻҰôǰܹһ֧̼ƿնҰúȡ
Ұ˼£һᣬ˵ϡ
ץˡһɫֱ䳤ӴǶ̼Ĺľּ˳üĿͣȻܹóʱ򣬱Ǹݳӡ
ߵҰԣץĶЦǺǴš
λ壬ңæǰʵʡ
°СŤͷƳңĿӹڲԶ޷ϣлһ˿ֺܿţ漴ֳңȥϸһʵǴİɣ

ԣ
ǲ²˭


255 . 
ǰ޷ǼĿ, 䱸õҲ㼴߽ǰ˸
㡭ָָ޷, ְ˻ȥ, ЦһЦ, һ㣬Ա, ˵ͷų, ʵ, 㡭ʲô֣
裬޷ǡ޷
, Ҳ, ޷Ǽ޹, ֡ӵͷο, 漴תң, ʵλС
ҽң
ʱңӳҹӿ˶ʱǲԶĬͷЦ, вŮò, , 
˵, ڶĿ, ֻҰ, Цʵ, ôģ
ײ޷˼һǰ֪⵽ʲôط
ż˵ţ㼴Զ֣Ǵľԣ߳ܳһ·Сľǰƿţ
ҲǴɲ֮ģԴΪС
޷ԭ֮ػĪĿ־壬Լ˺ǿ־֮УȻʧˣԼ벻ô¡
Ҳ˿жʮˣͷһؼˡһ߶߶һӣʾ
ǰγƺңʵ
Ȼ䣬һ¶Цݣқá
䧾ӱڡ
Ǽ٣ɲĴһ㣬޴ӿҲƽϡ
㣬кһ£ЦǺǵķ̫鶴Ǵ̫ƽڽġյõĲƵ˸ǰܰɲ̫ʵ浽Ҳûʲôͬ
˵ţ˶٣ּ˵Ҫ˵кβͬм̵żһۡ
Ŷ޷һ㶣ôЩżںδ
Ǿ̫鶴֮һ˲Ϣ䣬棬Աʶ٣ϷҲͷԹЩͷЦǺǵбɽиʯߣߵûʲô֮ֻǻЩ̵Ĺͼڡ
ǡǰָܷ·޷ʵ
ˣӡʱŵ磬һҲ÷ˡ⵽ҿߣ˵ҲҪһʱùҴȥ
ڲ磿ң⿴һۣգ㶵ôãղ̫鶴һжࣿ
̫鶴Уʱ粻ͬЦϰ߾ͺá
ǣͶлǰˡ޷ٴʩ
ԣЦǺǵͷԼһ̾Ϣ
˵ϷɽΪᷲԡǸҿߵĵطͲᷲɽ䡣
ʯ֮ڣһڻߵʹ䣬ڲҰףǧķˢĥ£ߵıڻҲÿӿݣȱȫΨһģһڱһֻſѪڵͷıڻ
˻Ϊݲơ˵ɽ֮УסһȺҰǣѨռŰɱݷƵɽ䣬ıЩ̰֮ˣءָǷڻ˵
Ԣ⵹ǲ޷ϸڻ˼ֻǽЩ˷ָо׳ʵڲʲô¡
˼жˣЦʡ
ǰҲ֪£ңʵ
⻹ʮ꣬ϵ£Ҳ֪Щ˫ָЦŶȥ
ǣѵǡңָǰһڻ˼ˮˮл𣬻лһˡһգһ鶸ڽģл⣬𲻶ȼһ𣬵߳һˣһɣĿ͹һ顯ǣʥ
ҵ˱ģͷ˼
ģңһѵЩ֣ɽʯϵݣ
ͷ˵֣Ҳλʥ֮Ƿ˹ܵģ
޷ԣü΢΢𣬳Ĭԡ
˸曚ҿڿãݣǹ͹ǰļأ֮£޹Ҳδ⡣
֮ǰ޷ǻһۣǷݲơıڻ˫̻ϸۣҫ£·˹ƺ͸һ˿⡣
ǰɽţ޷ͣ½Ųԛֹ˵ѿҿߣҲ߶ǰ˵ˡ
ҪˣвᣬȻ㲻ᣬֺܿʧתΪͰЦ⣬ǵΪ˴̵£
ǰɡңͷ
һҪȥҰԴ壿Цʡ
ôʲô֪޷㶵
֪Ļأָָ޷ǣЦζȥԴ壬ҿ԰ǡƾԼڣʮʮ꣬첻˵ţ̷ת߿
޷Ŵ˱ӰŹ֡
Ƽˮ꣬Ϊذǣ
ңѸٷӦһקĸ첲ϛĽŲ
Գɽжһ̫ãѿ˴򽻵ʲôζԴҲʮ飬дܵݵĿշɨ˾ס
˰ù˻صУƻ㿴ңҿ㣬һֹ֮״
Ҿ֪ЩʲôңȿڣҲǵǼµˡΧ֮·ڶʮһǰȴ˵⻹ʮ꣬ȻҲ
˵᲻Ϊ˱ܻ޷ʵҲԭ
ǣ֪ʧٵЩˣңʵ
ϴԬᵽǼˣ޷ǵһЩ۽ɽׯСɣҲв֡
ЩˣӦܹϳң㲻ģֻЩأ
˵ϲЩˣ޷ü΢΢һҲǲܡ
ٲ֥ȫСң˵ţȻ졣
˵ȥˣô˵һЩȵȣһֻЩ˶ұ⣬ʮȥǵһ˵òҲ޷ǵ֮ǽЩá
Уġңݸ˶ˣ֪£ܻ֪ġ

ԣ
вŮòĵ֪ʲô ǰһ췢β¸£쿴


256 . ɽ
һ, һŵķͼֽԺʯǰ¡˳߳, ͼֽȻչ, ̯ϡ
, ֡
ң޷ǵ֣ǰȥ, ϸ˿ͼֽŷ, ͼϻ, ɲڵĲ̫֡ƽ壬ɽǾ, ̫鶴, Ƕλ, ׼ᷲɽλã, ͬĲ·, ŸɫͬʽľϣڽԶ֮ģعȦ, жаԴ
ô, ɽѰ·, 䲻֪Դںδ, ȴҲҵ˴·λָָͼֽдšԴ塱ļȦ, Զ˵, ⼸, ЩصľΧƣ߹Ǹ̫鶴һ룬⼸⣬ӦҵԴˡ
̫ƽϵ˵İҲԴͨ顣ͷҪôԼ߳ӵˣҪôԴ̫ƽʿ֮ܶһ˶ԷĴ򣬱Ҳ뿪ҲˣԴķλŻص¶
ΪҪҰԴأңֱ˵ʵ
ôҡͷЦкܶ£к棬ֻ̽ࡣ
ôǰΧˣңʡ
ͽ书ң֣Ī˵֣ͬǰѲĶ֣˼ǰ֮ͼıҲ̫в
ǺǣѽЩӣϲʡȥҡͷЦΪһŮӣĴߣ䲻ңȴҲҳǸΨһѡеˡܵĿܸ֪࣬˶֪Ϊܱ˶١
˵ʲô޷˫Ŀмо̣Σòǡ
ڻŰˡ̾仨ˮȴ仨⣬ˮˡ
޷ǰһȴȻվӣЩԵң첽ǰȡ
úӡЦŻתֱ޷˫ĿоǴȰ֮ɫòͬﻹһģӿ̳ġ
޷ſԣɤȴˣʲôҲ
ǡ½ң¶ŵɫ
ͷЦ档
޷ммֳ̿֡
ǣΪл׾ǰֵ̿ȴǣһ̫ͻȻҲֱ̫ӣֱǰһжǻþΣ·̣գһգۣʧ١
½ģл⣬ֻǰס󱳣ɵӣҡ˵裬һΪջ˻ԼóȻϣ
ûС޷ҡͷ±ȥǹĺͯһ㣬§½ͷ֣˿и常ңӣҲĶӡͬֻ֣
⵹ûʲô½޷ƽɿ֣ЦǺǵԭҲûҵ¡ҰͬЩתʥӤû𡣡˵ţ㼴кһ¡
⡭Ӻ˵𣿡޷ֻһͷˮ
롭½̹Ȼһͷҵһݵ۽ɽׯʱӵò½֪Ŀãǵǡ˼ɫ
˵ţҡͷһЦ˵ֻòǻı书ǿǸʶ˵Ůӡ˴඼ֻ֪òΪ֮ͣȴûм˿õһ־
޷Ŀת½˵´˵ÿһ֡
һʼնΪ֤һĴƫƫ׷֪һ̣֪һܡ½
֪ŮΪ˾ȳ̹ȥЩˣðʥŮ˽ңѦΪѣȴ
Ƕ֪½ĿȻô
ΪҾ֪Ůң
½˻ס⵽嵶̶Ц޷ǼͷָָѽѽͽԵ֪֡ҪѾͷ㶼ϡ
ʲô˵޷һͷˮ
Ų˵ﵱ׷֪𣿡½Цݣʱ֪ǿ֮ĩҲһսһ׷Ķ֣ۿҪ£ʹҲ֪еϢ
˶٣ּ˵Ը֪һս֮ԸգţȻ֪иӣôԼҲȥӺˡȵǳ󣬾ԼĺӺ֪ĺӱһδȴԸ԰գ̾˿ֵǿҲֻǺǿѹͲϲˡɷûУָȥأһصפ֮أҽȥ
һ޷ȻĿɿڴ
ǣǿɡ
ʲôҲû˵ֻԸԸͬߡҵȻԸˡֱ£У˵ҪԼ뿪Űң˵֮ѡңǼ׷ȥɽˣòʵò֡ɲиӡ½˵⻰ǵգЦǲСڣŮӣϿҲڶ
ֻͬ¡޷ǻȻ򣬡ˡ
˵ҪŮ½ЦҵνкŮͬ½ûʲôϵû뵽Ⱳӻл㡣
޷ǼͷЦ͵ҵȻߣڤڤָ֮˵˵ôҵģ
˵ˡ޷˼
ʦţѰǡң˵Ѱһλˣ֪ΪѩҲû㹫ȴĽ룬ָ¹Ϊв嫳޷ħҪҲѣֻ˵ࡣңҲˣ޷֪Լӡ˺һ·Ѱи֪и͵ˣһӣ˵޷ǵĸĶҲǴ֪޷ǵ
Ǹӣ½ڰ֣ߵĶѾóˡ
ţ޷һ㶡
ǸغУ쾫ܣԭװģѦ֪ĲżһЩš½ұţôһڣȻ԰ȫȡ˳⣬Ҳû˴ÿǸӣҲȻΪҪĶںȻҲͲ뵽ٵѰ
޷һ㶣˵
᲻Щûֳݣʵָ½ģɲָֻԴ塣ңʵ
šɡ޷΢΢ף˼ˮݵ̫ãԭд˰ҩˮѾʧЧˡ
ǣҵģ½ʵ
常ҸЩ˵ıġ޷ǵһگײõ̵ص䣬ͷ֣˴˵ء
ɲڵϢҲӱ𴦵֪Ӧ֪½ңĲ²⣬Ӧ˾Ųʮ
ԣԴ嵽ʲôͷң

ԣ
轿аְֵĺˣ


257 . ͻ֦
Դ, ֪ǵ̸˵һЩˡ½ü, ˼Ƭ, , һЩɽеĴ, һЩҲ֪Ǿݣֻ֪ͷ֮˽, ˡ½
ڴ, Ϊ˶ˣǱԵɣ޷ü΢
Ͳö֪ˡ½, ҲһֱûҵͬǴϽ, ˶, Ҳ㡣
޷ͷ˳ӵȫƽǸӵģ
ңƼģ, ֿ˿һԵ½, ͷЩο
֮ң֮꣬طꡣֺңܹ֮͹֮, лֲͯź, οһֿѡ
ᷲɽ, ǳɽ, ء
ɲ, ûͬ, ɽ֮, ȴǧٹֵķǰ̫鶴ҪعŹְٱֱС׼ס½·⿿ң޷Ƕˣһأñʮ£ͷ
½Ŷ˷ɽԽ룬չأһտɽͷ
һͣ½ŲһתͷԸ޷ǵǶҲؾô˼֮жô¡ʮ꣬ÿտͬķ羰ͬ·ʱճˣԴ˼էǣȻҪϤöࡣ
ôáҪһʮ꣬÷ˡ޷ɨһ;ڣʶ˵
½ԣҡͷЦ񣬼дȰο
ѪףԼʮ飬ؾᣬҲܸеĪ׽·Щδ֮룬
½ܲһ⣿ңǰһ½ʵ
ֱ˵ǡ½Ц
ʣɽоס̫ƽ⣬ûмˣңʵ
⻹һ½ֻ棬Ҳû˵仰ƺҲǴˣͬһڴ̽Դڡ
ǣŮͣǺңʵ
ǸŮӣͬ͡Ӧ࣬½һ룬һ˵ҵǲ书Ǹǿλʿ˰ɡ
ЩţҲûе޷ǵͷɲ֮УȻǲԻ
û׼λܼ½Ц·ǿɵõˣǰߵɽȣҲδȥв֪ʲô򲻿ɵġ
л࣬ǿʲô쳣֮Сȵףֵһµɽȡ
û߳ңͣüͷ
ôˣ޷ǲͷ
һͬǰǸɽȣһģһң
㶼ܿ޷ǿŻǰҵķֶһ˿ãȻҿÿɽͷû𡣡
ʱЩɽľƣȴȫͬңҡͷŵĻ߶ϪϪˮ͹ˮʯͷ
ӶһۣԲ
޷˼Ƭ̣֣ǰȥȻڶ֮⿴һľ
ǵã޷ָϪˮͻʯͷʵ
ҲǽҪӦŵӶ߲ң
ȻҪѰԴ壬Ҳô׵¡½̾˿ҡͷЦ
ûʲôңȻʵ
ԣϸֻǰﴫŮӵĺѭȥһŮڵϣŽףʹࡣ
û°ɣңֱеڴ˴ˣпԴǿ֮ʣһֽ䱸
Ů̧ͷۣ¶񣺡λ㣬ҵĽŤˣܷ𣿡
ң֡
޷ǿŮòȴԾüôļ
ңԣüһָ̽ŮšŮһȳȥ޷˵㿴ѽôֺҶֵˣ
ɱҡ޷Ƴ쳣̱֣ܿЦ˵ҲĶ֡
£
ңһ䣬޷ȻбŮȴŮ΢̧бһ˿Ҳð֡
ʲôңݲһŮǰŮˣָϮ
½Էֻһˣǲųֻ֣Ϣ۲֣꣬ءڡһСôͬ·Щơ
ұѨϴһơ޷Ǽѿڶ
һеȫ޸裬жƣһʱҲûôࡣ
½ҲͷһôԼ˺һŷӦ°ߵ޷֣ȴ㶣ʵü
޷ԣسĬ
δ˾½֣Ҳ֪ΣģɵĻ治Ϲ˵
Ͼĸ֣һҲٰ
˾С޷ǵ
½Щԥؿ˿Լ֣ҡͷ̾һָƣֻ˼޷ǱһơһССĶ죬޷忪ơ
޷ᡣ
Ҳû뵽Ϣ½ϢһƣؾСոպá
޷Ǿ忪ǰһ漴סΣǰȴŮݲԶ
ʵŮ޶ǿֻв֪ʲô涾һһʽŹϢңභֻ̽δóȻǿŮˣֻǶʧķã漴ת޷ǡ
޷æ֣˵СҾƣ治ǹⲻ㣬ҡ
ûңߵǰʵղǲ˵ļ
ǡ޷˼Ȼǰһͷˣұ´ʱ򣬶ȺǸˡ
ԭң
˵Ϊֶζã޷Ǻʵ
ңһԲӻͳһǰ
ָģǿźɫҩ裬Ǽhǰıܶ
ޱȥ֮ǰҵġ˵һߣҪʯϵķºܳʱ䶼ţҲáң˵꣬㽫ܶģޱ˿ȥҿҪŰɡ
޷Ǽ㣬һʱҲ׼û֪յ˭ҲҶʣֻܾıӰ
㻹˵һ֡һͶ㣬ͬмƣ½ƴһĻЦǺǴյԣС˵ѹﵱһֱ̾ŮûΪ֪ϧ
޷ԣŤͷ˿ָ˼֡
ңͣϪϣ㼴ܶУߵԣСʵʲô
Ȼôȥңһۣ
ûʲô޷룬Ҫǰ߿޷ʵ
һʲôΣأңҡͷͷˣܳȥ㲻ǹǽ˵ţֻתȻߵһ룬Ųȴ΢΢һ͡
Ťͷ޷ȥʵڲˣ
޷ҡҡͷ
ΪΣңʡ
ĸܴù㰡޷ޱ顣
ң⻰ɫٿһ
ΣָܴܲӮ֣ҲҴƱ죬һ԰գ̴Զ


258 . 澳
ɽ֮, һ˶ߵʯ֮ϣһɫŮˡò㲻ʮֳڣҲȻЩ, 鵭Į, ·ﶼ⡣
ⲻͬĳ, 㹻, ʧɫ
һOO@@죬ɽڴ, Ů, ̤Ҷ˳
ŮƤҲû̧һ£, Ծ, κ, Ů׳һ˿, ˿ĩ, һöɫԲ
ıŮɫ䣬̧ڣȴ˿, а㵹, Źġ
Ů, ֵ˾, ˿סȻ, ͼ, ȴκЧ, ֻ÷ݲŮӡ
Ů书Ȼƽƽַȴǧٹ֣һֹ򣬹Ӳдʮغϡ
ŮӼƷʱңҲպôɽ˳ŵôԾѭͷֻŮͬʱ׳˿һĩΪһĩһö̹˩Բ˿Ůһ۲˸ӣһ˿ĩҵĶ̹Ůڣһѽǰ
ңƼıһ㶣漴ߺһʦ
޷½ԣ첻ѣһ볯
ŮúȴɫһƽŮκ󣬷أڵϺŤͷˣĿɿɨңʵһĵӣ
ӲФʦšңǰ֣ҵڷҡ£ʦʹ䡣
ҡʹӦǰ𣿡Ůһʵ
ĸţѻ˹ʦƵң
ĸŶǰĺӣŮӵͷûжı飬ʲô֡
ĸϣңң
ǲǻиŮŮӵ
Ҳ֪£ңȻ
֪ǰ뿪ɽĴ¾ɽ徵ʱҪ࣬ԣ֪¾Ļ֮¡
ɽ¼һΣʱͬһ˳ɻ飬Ҳǵáε
ңͷ
Ǻǰˡ˵ţĿӹ½ӶˣĿݲɨ޷ǣͣ½ϣȻʵңл㡣˵ţ㼴εڵصŮ෽ȥ
ңһɣͷ˿޷ǣһף漴׷ȥ
޷Ŵ˾ͷ濴Ŷ˱ӰʧȻⳡʶ
΢һμʱ̬Ҳͬβ롣
ѵԼģžô͵ǽ
ʲô½ߵ΢Ц˵ֻͬѼ䣬̫ࡣ
޷ǻͷ˿о޹֮ɫ
½ҡͷһЦ޷Ǽͷңôܰѻ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
޷ҡͷ̾ȴҲ޿κΣֻͬ½ڸЪϢ
΢ݵأһݵ粨Ρ޷мǹңĿʼζȥķ˼
ϵжˣ½Цʣʲᵽҡɽɵĵӣ
޷һף룬ǰ£Ӧˡ
˵˵ôʶ𣿡½ԾЦš
常ʮ꣬ͻȻѭµҳȥɽ޷ǵһμɽš
ɽַ̾½˼Ҳȥģ
ֻɺϡ޷ҡͷԼһ֪ǺЩ£ʦŴλĹɽұţұʦ֮ȥһɽ
ǣͻ½ʵ
ûУҲǾǼ£֪ԼʹŮ޷ǵ֮ұһֱѰ飬ҲŸˡ
ǶˣڵǷޣǡ½ʵ
Ҳңֻƣʵ޷һȵĹޣԲš
ջͬһ䷿½ʶץһʯӳ϶ȥɲá
޷ǱܣһҲûԡ
¡½ָָ޷ԭǿݵأü΢΢һ˵
޷һԲֹԹԭλ
ꡭֳͬͬ˱ȻҲ½𽥱࣬ϸϸһ֮ܶԼ£͸зִ磬Ӻ
ôģ޷Ƿʡ
½һʱֻҡҡͷһԡ
޷Ǽãæȥ˵ҲǸ˼ֻǡ
˰ˣҲԼ¡½̾ΪóǸùҲ˵ö࣬ǧΪԼôˡ
޷ԣͷֻЦȴ˵
죬֦ͷɳɳϸ졣
ͬеˣһҼҶïͣ½ŲĲŮңʵôϵõģ
˵½ң޷ǵףǴ̫ƽڽģ̫鶴ûжԶ
˵ģߵǸˣʵͬʲôϵ
ǡ
֪ˣλûĻϵôᵽ
ʦź󣬻Եɺϵ֪ң˼£ϢϢأѭˡ
˵ţ濴˿Σ˼ãԾûܰסк棬ʵ֪ʦΪλ⣿
ĴײطεҿǸһ˾ټһֱǵ䡣
ΪΣңʵ
ҼͬһֻǾ¶ˡεղ˵ôˣ
ҡȻĸӦҲ֪֪ͬɣңʵ
˵һЩ֪Ĳࡣε
֪ŮңĸΪؾԼŮɽַЩ£ԡ
ԴǣСĽȴǱ˶ߡ
Ǻ֪ɣֱ˵һӽСģǣѰ
ңԣһ㶣һʱ֪˵Щʲô
ˣո˵ĸϵ˼ʵо
ͬ˵˵ôģε
ң룬㽫ԼѰľ¶˵һ飬ȥ޹ؽҪǲ˶֮¡
գһףǻɽ¼£Ҳڴһʱҳ徣߻һˣԴǸ
Ҳ˵ѣңü΢
ǰɡʼվãЩ֮˵һ˵ű㶮ˡεڴ˼꣬һֱ跨Դ塣żȻײ½֪Ŀģ
˶٣ּ˵ȻĿһ£ҵ֪һɽȵ·ҿλСɾϢ鸡֮ǰܹˣúõ
óңȻ
ôѵ㿴𣿡˵ţ㼴ߵǻʵŮԱߣȷסǰѨ⡣
ĸӶ˼ǳһɣӭϡ
ǻ֦չŮ½ʵ𣿡
ʲɽУǵһμ½˵ţȻ£Ťͷ޷ʵ޷ǣǰǲ˵ںδŮӣ
ǳ´ʱƺǴͬһġ޷Լ˼
Ǽʱü΢΢һ
ǰաң
˶ˡε˲ܷš
磬Ūʣң

ԣ
ͦõģ֪Ϊңң


259 . ׵
оҹ, ӰҡΣɵȱڣкµ, ƿŽˮ, һ, һ㣬õǡ
ң, ʱʱһڲݵϵŮ
üʱȥ˾Ȼһ㶯ûС
Ťͷ, ƳŮ, Ȼùң嵶γ, ǰ, ᵶֱָĿ, Ҫ̽ȥ
Ůһۣ͸֮ɫ
޷ѿװ, Ƽ˾, ֻЦһƤҲû̧һ¡
ģޱŲ񳾣
ɽ¡Ůһ
ʲôμʵ
ŮĮ
ʲôģֵ
ܸʲôЦ, е, Ƽи֮, ôܷŹ
У
ɹƭ, ɱӡЦһ, , ҪɱҪ, ûţҪҲһҪȥ
Ŀɨʣתԭλȴ޷˹̫Ԩ
˫ۡ
̫ԨͣˣãҪɲзϡ
ӵܣҲֶΣҧгݣסӣ
㿴ڵĴﻹӵܣ޷Ǵ΢ЦһĨа
ҧȴĮȻȥ
ҾǸ̽·ģɱҲûãӰ
˭ģңŤͷ
ʦЦ۵ӹһĨݼŵɫɱ⣬Ϊʲô˰Ҳ֪עҪ˼һУΪѪԣܸ컻زɣ
Ѧ񣿡޷ü΢΢΢ףӹϣʲô
Цһڡ
һҪЩңվ
޷ǲԣٿһ۵͸һ˿˵⣬ְνֱȡʺ
һУѸޱȣûü¡
۵ޱߵĻ̿־壬ԼĶѪ㣬ûκα仯
β
½飬ȴ˼ָӡ
ܻٸ֣ǵĴȫ֡޷԰գԽХ±ڵϣ߿
˪塣
ҹ˱
޷ּ߽䣬һȻ£ֱڶǰأ뵡
⸡ѣȾѪȵ˫֣һƬ졣
ǴӺʱʧģԣӽƫ棬ɳ
һӯĽŲǰȻͣ¡
޷ǻŲ̧֣ͷȥ
ң
ïҹİµĹ⹴ճͦμɫ̤һ˪Ӱɫڣ⻪תǴ߳ӣԶ뷲
޷¶ĵЦ
ҽǱߵһƶ⣬ֺα㯣ңֱ˫Ŀ˵
Ǳȣע޷½˵ĻҡͷЦû㣬ҲעҪһС
ߡңһ㡣ҵµķ꣬Ҳܿ
޷ԣЦԽοһʱǰ㣬£ů

ɽ컨ʢ塣
ﶼ޿֮⡣
޷֣£΢΢ͷһǣƽ˵Ѧѳ֣㲻ô׽
룬Ŀģֻܲǡң򣬲صѡڴ˴֡
Դ壬ҵ޷ƽЩãݷ֮ãȻ׼̡֮ܲܶɹһ٣δ֪
ǱݴܷͣʲôΣСӦԡңס֣ȥġ
޷΢Цӵ뻳չʣԶ¡ƣûã룬ͬǰ·⾰һ㣬׽͸
ҹףۣһ㡢һƬƬһ
չۣ޷ǻ˯ۣԾֵ˵ͷһԿг˯ңǲԾһĨЦ⡣
ңңˡ޷ֱգսߣ˵
ңԾ˸Ƿ˫§Ĳֱӣ˯кһ˿Ц⣬һһǡ
޷ǲԾ¶Ц⣬վʮָۣȥȴֻ½һˡ
ʦأңʵ
˵Ҫȥһ㲻ͬȥˡ½ɽؽ߲ȥһ·Ҵȥһԡ
һԣңü΢΢һ
ԣһԣ½߽˸ǰ·Ӱ󡯡
νӰ󡱣էɽһƽƽڰ
½˵ɽ⣬Ҳһͨˣʹ֮ýɽؾ
Ӱ֮ѴΪ˼νġء̨ɽЩһ㣬ۿɼǲڰһӰȣţȴʵʵڵɱ
֮ĶԾǹգҲûд˼Щĵ˿¡
½˵徱ɽڵӰɥɼ֮ա
һΣͷһУشֻ˳
̣֮ذҲΪܡ
˾һ㣬ƹȣַǹȵĹ֮
书ãﲻ̫ࡣ½վڶڣɫأΣգҪӲ˳ǣлԵԾɻڴ˴ǳ
ǡԼҲҪġ޷ŤͷиǣѦѳ֣ȫ׼ҵġ
İɣգױĵ½ͰЦȥɣصġ
ءң԰գ㼴ת̤ӰȻ
޷ıӰֻͷ̿һأȴ֪ǾӺζ
Զڰޱߡ
޷ͳ۴
һ
Ϣɱ⣬ߡ
һн졣ңĻҲš˵ϻ᲻й
޷ҡͷûлشĻ
䲻˾ĶˣȴҲܹѧ̻ѬգӲŹ֮˵µ벻ţѶҪˡ
εĵ˾εĵƽԣ۲ܱ棬ֻƾЩˡһܻʵ˿̵ǺѹѹһƬڶ⣬Χˮйͨˡ
޷Ƿְνбж£ʹһǡɽ֮ƣЯƵ磬Ȼײ֮УҲܷһ޶졣
گһˣУԶǰ˼󣬱֮ϻӭսй֮޲ХУʯɽ֮⣬һ״ˣҲȫ޾⡣
иʢôѧ£˵ĻֻǼô˽գɨأȻһС
֣ͬǰȣȻǷ켫֮ϰ֮ˣһнһ衣
ֻϧХ£Ǿ֮ʳͶȴƫʱȣƫ棬ຣ֮ɱȫޡ

ԣ
һ˲ԸתģǴ֪嫳¼࿪ʼ״̬ͼתֱ£ֻһֱŮ鰲οû¶
ʱΣˣòǿԣԼ״̬·ʽҲת䣬˺ܴӰ졣


260 . ¶
˫Ŀ, ⶯ȴԵʤĵ, ң´
ʤ, ѹ֮, ȴҲࡣ
ңӰ, ޷ǡ
ͬСרעһű, , һվʤһաǻԵɺѵ, ѧ, Ӷ
Ȼȴڳ, ţһһ, ϢΪѧŵ, ȴͨԵ𣬱ϤڵС¾ڵġۡкᵶ, Ʋɵ
ֳ, ͶϵԷƹ, ۿɼķ, Ƿֺи
Ӱ֮, ܲ, һǡ족ʹ, Ƿвɱεĺнӣһ޴죬ڤ裬˺顣
Ӱͣפһڵȴľ˴ںڰУһ·ǰУֱ˴˷λ߹һ·󣬺Ӱϡ࣬ҲԽԽ
ϸһƣྐྵ˾ӣͭˮһͨ͸
תĿ˴ˣԼͬԷȥȴһﵲסָߣһм䣬ƶһ֮ǽˮͨ͸
ΣǲԼͬü
޷ǺƳңӰ̸ߺһ󣡡
ңѾӵбնĽ꽻죬ԿյҰȻ¶֮ɫ
׹޷ǣƳӰæ㵱İ
ԭںڰ֮У˴޷˼Ҳһ˼רעӦСܹԷġӡ֮䣬һ˿ǣ
˴˹˴˵ǣôܹȫȫӦЩ״ĵˣ
缰棬Ӱңֵһ͡һŤͷһȴ޷ұ֮ѶһѪۡ
ңüһ쵶ɻӰƮɫȹ緭ɣ
޷񲻶оҡĹӰεң˼ʼյңĴסһϵĺӰглͷһ죬һѪڣҲᵽɤۡ
ۣ͵ڸղŵĵطң춯̸ߺһ
ɳڵңŶ˱Ŀֹˮһͣסڵһ
תƣˮֱ仯ڡ
ͨͬʱС
һǡΣ¥һǡǧɽӰ֮ЯһѪͻΧݲǰУɡ
˴飬߹عʱգѳĬ䲻Ժɽˣȴ϶ݺεأĸԸ㿼飬̹Ӧԣ¹˴ʧˡ
ȻⱻһΪͨǲͬԽǰУ֮ľ룬ңԶ
ңֵұۼľһֱֱ֮ײ֮ڼѡ̧ʱĿ֮һƬ
ϲ첽ǰԴһС壬ǼȻ
ʱԴеĴҲһ£ԶԶһ¶֮ɫָָ㣬ͷӶȻһתԶܿѰһţͷ긾ˡ
Ǹߵңǰǻ¶һصģ΢Ц
ңұǡ
Ҹôƺ㣿Цû뵽л
ңԣпտգ֪˵ʲôã̽ڣʵ㡭ϵң
òܲµõ˵ŮҵӳʱѻУ㶨ĺӰɣ
ңŹ֣ʵ㾿ǡ
ҽԭҲˡ˵Ů㻯ˡ
԰գָָĴּ˵ǶʮǰһսһӳˣһЩΧ˲ĴҴǣѭļأ˵أֽ̫Ӱڴ˾ׯԱ̫ƽ
ңȻ
ѹ˵¾һ
ҽңĸϡңԣ̫ƽ˿ġԴ塯𣿡
˵ͷ
ǡȻΪλ֮ͨ˵ңʵ
˲һеĴȥûٻеģǴ̫ƽˣʧɽ֣Ǽ˵ΪϢ©Ȼߡ
ԭˡң˼
ߵǰҪ˵ȴ峤滱˴룬ЯűУ²Ʋ硣
˵ǸĴŲ񵶡Ŵԣü΢㼴Ⱥȥ
ңù죬һɣ̸ȥȵ˻⣬ԶԶƼһũ߲֪Χʲô²ݡ
λˣֻ󴳴˾޶⡣޷ʵĻȺд˳
ңɫһ䣬ܲ˱ǰȥȺ޷Ǹǰ
û°ɣ޷Ƽ뵽ĲΣϸ鿴Ρ
ϵã߽Ⱥһ޷ǣתңʵ
ҷң
޷˵ů¶Ц⡣
ԭˣȻ򣬡ǽӰãһͨ˻ᣬǱһɡ
Ŷ뿪֣صУߵһªľǰŶ롣
ľаһľֻʡ
żʾ⣬ǽ¡
Ҫ飬ػο̾˿ǣı⣬ǲ㸴ġ
ǿ벻룬Ƿɡңƽ
˼ˣ֤˵Ȼлţ֤֤ڣӦ㹻֤ס
δأ޷˼Ƭ̣ȱ뿪˵ءѦ񡭡Ѿˡ
Ŷü΢ǸˣҲţ
һֱˣ˼˴һ֣ȻŰϰɨ壬źðļ۽ɽׯׯ޷ǵĿ꣬ǡ
˵Ƕڴ˴ȴһʱ㡣˼
ҵʹô죿޷ü΢ૡ
˵ʲôûĻʵ
ûʲô޷ǷƵҡͷδشĻ
ʦ´ǣѦҲ뵽ϡֻ½ңü΢Ťͷ޷ǣòײҵôܡ
޷Ŀԣͷüãû£㰲ͺãҡ
һȥðգҲӦңֵ̰ȥ
ˡ޷ҡͷ
ҶܼҷաңοĿǰΪֹҲֻһˣûΣͷαء
ȶѣһŮѳ壬ҲܹѣӲ


261 . ǰ˪
ӰԾ, ̫أƻ÷ǻã档
˴, ߳Դ, ½ǰȺ֮, ȴӰ
޷ǵĺȻȥ
𼱣ҿңͷ, 鿴ӡüĺ
ˡ޷ǿҲݴԼҲӡ, Ķʱȵס
ûѪ, Ҳûдĺۼңӡһȥ, ûô⡣԰, , Žӡ뿪ķȥ
ЩӡȥķǼʱһɽ, Ծ֡
½Ӵ˵, ǹ£ָơ
Щô˾ˣ㲻ö֪ˡ
Ĺ, ͣڹ, סĶ, , λ½, Ϥлþ
޷һ, ڴ˼סʮ, ⸽һУѾϤ
Ӧǹ⽫ȥСһǷǲ˵ǰԼӰڵȺ򣿡
޷һס
ûǻͷȣĶȥ
һۣйǣȴҲֻ¡ϾĹ״˽Բ˽⣬ڴɽߣֻ
ǣֻһЦӻͳһݵңǰһöŦķӡš֡
ĸӡ£ңü΢
תңΪպлԵĺϡ˵ˣǶңӦˣ
ˡðңȭоɫ
ҡͷһЦŶ˻תӰ֮⣬ȴֵϵӡ˱仯
һȥֻأˣߡ
ӡ½ġ
޷ϲ⣬㰲
Ӧ֪ѷ˴˴㽫ߣĹУֻתң˼ҪôǷǻˣѰҪôǵеҵ˴Ǵ
޷ԣü˼
ƫڴʱԶĹУ춯صı졣
ѦɱɽҲⷨӡһ²
˼̶ĹȡҶ׷ɣꡣ½°ڣæҳ֮⡣
ӰظԾݲƣ½ġ
޷ǹ˲ö룬Ծ֮䣬ὣһƣְν̳Ĩ˲
˼֣ǼֳУָ֪࣬ʲô⣬ڸӶ˽űߣһŵر̱ơ
޷ǲѣֻսʣס½˿
ǳ֮ˣѷݲȥ
޷ıӰüĲ
ֻģʮֹŹ֣ߵݣȴС红ͯͷһڣһס
ƺǸ٪塣
ˣ½ϲɫƳ޷Ǳ˿ڣȴüǰ첲ϸ쿴ʵһ£𣿡
޷⻰㶡
ʱ̰棬ͷˣǸкܵտЩ˼ҳ㷹绹ﺮҲǼ࣬ٹעڴˡ֮ʮʧȥ˫ףĹ֮кܾûˡ
Թ˺һŷӦܳƵģҡҡͷû£С˶ѡ
ôĿӻ˵Сˣ½ü˼֣ͳҩɷ˵ĸ첲Сķϡ
ңһ۱ըһĹȿڣߵԣʰ𷽲ڵϵİϸһöӡʵֻһӰĽӡ
ǼڹзɢҲֻôһ½Żعɿ޷Ǳ۰֣ǵøϽߡ
ɡͷ
ڹȿڲͣһϸ˵֮£ֻ;˵½꼸ͷҲ˵˼Ҳ֪ŮµһƬˡ
걻еŮ˺ͺֻ̫ܷ࣬ɢӪȣԾЩû˵ȳЩˣЩͻ˼УЩ;ʧ⡣ģֻǵкСһ֡
ԣͤǵ©Щ֮һң
ͤ΢һ٣Щ˵֣ҲǺϤ̫Ӵ󣬸ǲ
̵Ȩ֮ˣң˵ţ뵽£ʵ֪ʲôǡ顯𣿡
飬ǵδʥȥ˼˵ǧ֮һֱִѰʥתѪിʥŮΪгһҵǸʵˣش֮
ǣҪβڣʢ˥ңʵ
ûгʢ˥˵ʥŮдɫ䣬ںϣòƢԣᷢ䣬ֱħȥ˹̣ӹ񣬳ȥʥˣÿν֮Ľûһܹʮꡣ
ɫ䡭ңطӦһͬ¶޷ǣԡǴݣΪͤŻ˵飬𣿡
ǺΣʵ
գɫڡɽźˮңϸһ
ˣҡͷпЩӡǿϧ
޷Ծɲ⣺һԵİ׹ǡ
Ƕ޼ˣںδȫѧƿأѶֽɱˣŻʡ˵Ҳ²ⲻɽפرѦ˵ƽ֮󣬵µܵԾɿá˵ͤӦʥŮݣֻܵвܣѲ˽
ǰܸܲңʩչģʦΪλʧȥ䣿Щ̵ˣΪθòͤ״ƣȺңʡ
䣬Խҩʩ䷽ʧµҩҲѲ࣬ЩѾʧЧʩʧЧߣһ֣ҩﶾԶ´ˡ˵ʧ䣬һ֡䷳ΪǸģΪڤ֮ˮ
Ŷңü΢
˶֪ڤ֮ˮȾ֮ǰǿҲʹ÷ã컯֮󡣡˵Ҳ֮ǰ٣Ӱ졣̵궦ʢ֮ʣͽڶ࣬ʵۺ桭Χ˺ս˥䣬˶֣һħˡ԰գԾ̾˿
һΪƫҪ׷Щң̾ѡ
еĻΣǵν˻һ֮һˣڶԣ֮֡ҡͷֵ̾˾أ
Ļ˾Ĭһδٷ
;½˷ɲѰƵģȥϵǸͯ٪壬⻹ˡǼ˻֣һŮˣƺʦи㹳֮ΪͷţӣǼ˵ĵӡ
֮ܶʡ͵ĵơ
˴شУסɽӣڿţм߿խľ룬ҲԶ
½ΨԼҶί˼ҹŶ޷֣¶ˣԸӷ̫ΪɣԼͬס

ԣ
½ԸƵ㣺еȤضԡ
⺢


262 . 븣Ϊ
, ڹȥǷТ𾴣ĵҲѳ˽ᡣط꣬Ҳǽ⿪, ⸸ТĹ⾰, С
ңԿ, ҲΪϲ
ͬסڴ山ģм˼ҡһ, һղ飬һոոǻ˼и, С, ʮģŵѧ, ɽҰ, ⺢ÿ, ʱʱŴ˵ţҪҸ档
޷ԭҲˬʵ, Ȼ, ۣü֮䣬ѵƽЩƣңʮ, ۿʤ, ǰ, һջʤһ, ǻ֡
С˸, ңķšǰϴһ, ͬңһ, ൽиǲϣԼڼһϲŲáһȲҽ㣬Ҫͬһ
ңȻӦʡ
ϣȴҲڽϼϰ֮ˣȣӼѣԼκ󣬽Ӧ֡ۼСһ㱳ϥ߳
ңڹһʱûŵһֱӱСͷϷӶֱԶʷ޷ŶƳ˾̷ݲǰȽ
ۡСתͷˮһʱĿɿڴ
޷ǲһЦȻ⣬򣬶С˵СղûסһӲӵ£
ȻԣСҡСظ
޷չգһףһʱϥ߳ʱ˳ȥ𷽲ңһߣɵûҪԶЩֱӱɽ
ҵ򡭡СԶȱ׷һʧּ䡣
۸˼ңңһѾӷɱȥСЦָָ޷ǣ˹˼죬ôͻȻоˣ
⣬ôܲ޷һЦ
ǵģСӶҪϾң̬һѡ
޷ǶЦˣƵ˲ıӡȻ˺ð죬ûСת
ʲô˰ɣ㵽˶ңΪƵĿһۣҪȥѰˣȴСͷ򣬵ŷɿĽŲ˻
Сӭǰȥȴ㶣ŤͷȴƼܻؼУš
㿴˼Ҷˡңһ޷ǣ뿪Ц
һȥǸɡ޷ʼ硣
˵⻰ߵǰߵţȴߴСĿһ㶣æ˵СղšղǸˣϡ
ôο˵ģôͻȻɵˣң˿ֻǸĻƽǿ֮״ˣţ˵СӣͬСƵģھͺá
䣬С৵һ˷š
Сۣҧ޵÷ɿڵϣָŷŽȥӣҭż֣Сˡ
˵ʲô
𾪲ѣæѭСָķУȻƼһӣѣǶϳأһĻȣ״쳣ɲ
Ǵ𣿡ңǿѹͷֻţŤͷ޷ʵ
޷沿Ӳ۵׸һ˿ѹֵľ塣
ңһƽתܿ
޷һԲ쿴һʬף£ҲδȫӲȻŸá
ûãң㽫˹
һǾʬףɫ̱ɷס
Ǵˣģÿ³һֶԵʮּѣҡղӶ˵ûˡ
˲ˣҲ𣿡ңʵ
ġϲȥ⸽תƣҲû̫¡˵Թҡ
òһ飬ж˿ʧ١ңô⵱ڻˡһȥ
أȻһͷ
һѯִʧ˿ڣѴʮ֮ࡣ
̽ȫ˿ڶټɽеĿյϣ㣬˶롣Щ񻹲֪ô£СӣҲҪؼңֱ޷ǽǾʬ׶ǰ򼫶ȵĿֻŶװ
ûһ˿ѪɫĵŽͬһҲԽֻţİԴٵⳡѣġ
㣡һָ޷ǣźҪЩ˴Ųᷢ¡
˵˵ɫҵȳŮ֮ӳ죬ѣ⣿
Ѿƽ˶ʮ꣬һ˵ȥҲ͸ùȥˣЩԹԹͬʲôϵ
˻䣬һİ쳹Ⱥ˲ĿȥȻǴ山ҵĺӣĿ֮£ݺСһ⡣
ͬ˰ɣҺɫϣָСǵܣ¡ôûȣ
СίѡԷǾʬ𣬱һֱ겻ᣬ쳣ֻţ񱻸һ۵һ˳
޷ǾһУرȥһЦ
ֻǰ龰˵Ļĵ졣
һԭڵĴӣһǰעҪˡΪ֪Σȡ壬ŵڴ͵ʮء
ǻӲ
֪ˣ֪ж壬޲֮Ʋйϵȫ͵
˽ں֮˽һֲ֮Ĩȥ
Ĵڴ壬һѵǸ߶ǬƴŮΪһǻ󻳣ԼȡЩ˵
ȻʧЦоԳ֮ɫ
ˣȷ߶ˡ½ɫƽ˾񣬡ƣݺӡһ񣬽ӶϢʧȻԷ˽ֶΣַʽһߡΣҲӦ
Ҫα֤Щ²ǸɵģȺͻȻһ
ǣŮŮʲôˣƾʲôǣһ񸽺͵
˵ˣֹ漴Ŀתңƺϣ˵Щʲô
һˣǰӢңǧ࣬ΪۣЩ֤ݱ޷ǳĸ־ߵգܵ˲½ҲΪܣŻڽ֮У񡣡
ԲͣΪ֮˱ףƽͷһ˵д뷨Ҳֻ֡ǣǣƽ޹ˣѵΣƾʧԼĺù𣿡
ңĻֳԷθֱҪ㣬һڴƿԣ
֪˶ãҺӺȻڣǰƽ˴£Ҳͬǳɽ֤ġ
ҲҪûǣҲϾ·ңЦȥһӽ󣬸ɡΣ͵ðţʧˡ԰գ󲽣Ҫ뿪
޷ǰȥס֣˵㡣
ֺαðգڶһΣҲ١
⻰Ȼֻ˵ңһ
̫࣬ңͷҲصϣƽֻΪװ


263 . ʯ
ڤ, ɽԶ
ɽУѭĵͼŴÿһ, Ѱпɵĺۼ
ǵһμ˿ڽ͡޷ǺȻ, л
˶, ҲҡңһۣƳǶʧ˹ʵ, ºһۡ
޷ü΢Ƭ, ̱ȥ, ܿĿ⡣
ңɽºǻһЦ, , , 
ң·࣬ο, ȴȻƳԶһʯиɺԵĺɫѪ, ָ֣ǴѪ㿴
޷ǲԣڸ̽һȴδκ
ú, ң, ǵĿʲô˿ڽ, ֻ֤, ôһɱ, õʲôʱ򣿳ǡ
в޷˵, üٿһ, ǲǵ̫ƽ򡭡
ǸԭԸǼӣ᲻ʱѾңü˼
ȴʱһOO@@ǰִ˹
˶һֲۣ̽ȴףˣڼ󣬻ʮͬǼһǿ
ףһˣŵúˡ
ͷĵȴЦһѾŻǰǵϢδɵСкο£
ңɫһȴ޷¡
ƽ˵
Х³ʣѩ
ȫȻδԵã˫ָ߾پŻͷ¡޷콣б⺮Ѹ硣δӣѽǵ֮Զ
Ůƭǣ˵书ƽƽ˵©˾岻ѣϴ󶼰һУ
ǸŮģףָң֣϶զ
һӵϣ붼ң
ң۵׼гЦһᵶɨһƬм
δʣѽʮͷ֮Ʒڵء
ϵˡңɫøϽȥ
ЩԶ˶ԣһȻҪ⣬ȴڴˡ
Է֪֣˾֣ǰ֪ڳԣ˲òѰˣøԷһｭǣסˣвĵˣȴô˼϶ǱС
޷ɫֵ׽⼤ȥ磬꣬ڷ֯һعĻ
֮ȴĹЮ֮£ɱ⡣
ң֪Ľᣬȴ⡣
޷лںɥ𣬱СײδܵȵˣТ壬½ĳֲ֣ź
ôʧȥף
뼰˴ң̰εʡһһ䣬̵Ĺ򣬱ѽüǿڵ¡˵˺޾Թ˷ҲŲУ汳ֻмܣ֣һսƱҪӺܾá
ѶģΪ֮ͬ˵ֺαǿͦǣҪǸ߸ϵ
ңĵǳ֮Ӱ裬Ѫ˶һ˫˫ȵ֣ӵص˺鷲˼
ô˿̣Ǹͷĵڻ񣬱Ϊ׮׼˵⣬ǽԼ·ʱ⣬ֱһ˳ȥ
Х½һǻѪɽҲû˺תߡ
Ҫսң˵ţһɨһڳǰߵĵˣʣ˵ȲֻԶ̷һףᵶ˭ģ
ǡǸŮġи٪塭ףŵ֧֧ᣬ˵һ
֪ǺˣҪȥʲôң
ףͰͣ˿ӣҡҲ֪ǾͰǴ˵ǡϴϴһ׮⣬˵һвƣһɫ˵Ȼұ²СɶЩˣϴ󣬿϶ܶԸǣܴһʣܡܡ
ʲô޷֮⣬ʱðǰὣֱָףĿڡ
Ҫˡңɱ⣬һᣬֱᵶĨףӣߡ
޷ȻıӰͷ˵
Լ˫ȾѪҲԸɱ
һ̣ǻǿŲס׹Ԩȥģڰգֹס֮ơ
ңһԲֱԴȥȻɽ쳣
ѱ䣬Ƕʱ·
뵽½ڴУ޷ǵĶʱȵףȻأűҰ
ˡôģң˼з·顣
ΣֻһֿܣңǿѹͷǣסϢ֮ô˵ߣصȵڲ֣ǡ
ǵѾ˴δ˴Уֻܸı󷨣ӡ޷ۿãǾȥ˶ˣδ֪
ǰ½ļˣѵ˴ңҧղżǣһ֡
޷ǴŲݵųһߵϣЦоԳ֮ɫ
ߡңץ֣һѽקȥӰ󡣡
˭ͯ·ֻǰԴͨͨĴ񣬾ƲᶮòӰķӡ
ˣǾ·
˴ӰվǷת䣬ȴδ֪ңǵ˵Ӱֻһ֡̽·ǻأвأ򵥵һ֡
ţҶˣܹصҲֻǡΣҪһ˺𡣡ң֣Ӱǰɫ̹Ȼ޾⣬ָ㣬Ҵȥ㶨ҲСҰţҲ㶯֣ܳ֡
ʲô޷ȻɲӦѱСضѨɷ˵֮С
ڵУ̶
޷ܵӿľ磬ԵĵϻصĲͬ
˵Ӱ֮еġӰ书Ǵ֮һδۻӭսǧǿˣӡ̫ڵĺۼ
ϻǶӵķ֮һΣȴٶľ֡
뻯˵֣ҪػһˣҲǼ򵥵¡
޷ǽͷһظеͷһֱס
Ҳгһռϲ֮ˣȴʩԮ֣ȫǵζޱȼ尾
˵ĻǼ尾ζҲڳˡ
в첻⽻Ǽµ䡣
Ӱڲ࣬ʼʮָۣģκһˡʹС˺ۣʹ裬಻и֡
һů˳ĸ첲ֱѪ
ˡ
޷Ǿʧ룬ڣȴʵˣ
ôˡ޷ͷԽૡ
Сˣ¡ң糣
Сˣ
޷ǰԿЦС
СˣΪЩѪڲֹҲֹס
ǼԾ
Խн֮һֹݡѸƣļȥңܻ߳ӰҲעòˡ
޷°ٸнһһʹԼܡǿЩ˷Ҳһ棬֮е˺
˷һƺߣһң
û¡Ļƣ
޷ǵĻſǻҲˡ
Ҳ֪뷨ɻǸõͷ
һεӰ󣬴ͷβһƬڰûоӣҲ˴˴ȴöλûκηӡ
޷ֻңĺԽͳ٣·˵ҰޣںڰзѪҲԽŨ
ֱһı꽻𣬷ͷ͸һƬ
޷սѪˮǵ֣йĵطȥ
ƣľ¡
ϻּ䣬ңŲһǰԵպõ޷ǻС
ûһƤѶѪˮȾ͸ȫѪɫ귺ס
ȴδǰ£Ծǿ֣⿪ǰѨ˿
㡭޷ǻ㱼
ȥˡңУǿʹ
޷ǲԣѨֹסѪὣֽ֣𣬳ԶĿյطһȥ

ԣ
ңңʼˡҿ


264 . ҡѶ
Դ, ȴѳ
ְԴĵˣΪ׵ıǰϮ½ͯһƵ֮ͷ, Ҳ½ĵšԻ, һͲʻŹ, һٳõֻ͹һŧ, ⺧ˡ
ˣֱͯŵĵ, һ, һͯһܹըΪ, ˫ָȱһָ, ϴǶָ, ָлɣָһᵯųߵ
, ʮ, Ŵ󵶣ڡ
ۼĿյ֮ϣȻ鲼ѪʬҰ½Ѫ, סʣµʮ
Щ, ˿̶һ, ڿյ, ӵűһ, ɪɪ
ͯ߸Ծ, ö, ڴۼ֮ԣըһݡŵɫһʧ룬޺ҺԽ£һţмˣΪӵʹĽл
ʮӣڴеģĺ󱲣ۼǳյĶսϰ˰ݣﾭסֳĳеֱ˹ȥ
ս˿̣½ȾѪۣ඼ֻǲСˣ޴󰭡
ûôˣ´С˿ڣȻ̱ڵأڴϢ
ԭŮ书ǵ֪ˣѧһЩ䲻̫ȴ㲻ø֡ͯ͵ŶˣϾͰΪ书ߵȡ·ӣȴΪˣӦԡ
ǵǺɣʣͬǴʲôԹҪ´ɱ֣
©֮㣬͸ˡͯ۾
©֮㡭½üĽǹȻѦˣģԼʲô
ҿǲףͯٺ۵ġɡΪ˸ŮӣԼڵ㾳ء½㿴ڣĻи
СͷⱲӶûչӣ½Ц½ĳǣҲǵ֮á԰գָƣ˫ϣһѽŵĵУǧַ˵𿪣б
֮ʱȻʣ绪Ҳ͵书Ϊ˺ԡӢǺεȸ֮߰ˣ䲻ΪĿģҪԼĺһλϸĸףƱزѡӹˡ
½Ʒ˺ΧǴ磬ͯͷͯٺЦһվԵİ̱ӭ
ӣһޱǿķƣö˾˿
½ͷůӿһŻһѪ
ͯ״ָЦȴƳɫٿһ䣬ֳһƬɫӿѪմɺ졣ǰԵڵأ֪
Сӡͯݲ׳ӡأ֣֮ƣڷ֮ڡ
½ü΢˼õδȴͯ˸ͷСоʮ㣬ڵƵģ˫뷢Яɽ֮ƣͷ
ǧһ֮ʣһӰٿȻ｣ĴҷɵӣбɨϡټѪ쭣ͯһ˫Сȴ֣ѵһѿ˿ڣɼǡ
ͯ˫ĿԲɣ˺أ˺ŵԼһ˫֣Ȼͺ㡭СС͡裬˾
޷أ΢΢һЦ
˽˺ػ½˼˿ֻ֣ͯѲˡ
޷ǣ½״һ㶣ɨһֻһˣʵңأ
ˡ޷һĻңҴӰ̫أ֡
ʲô½ȻһŮӡ
зʤˡ޷۽΢죬ȴܿ콫Ɐ˵ǿѹȥ
ǡǴӰģܿŶһʵ
Ҫǰˣ޷ޱ飬޸ͣΪ˷УΪǡ
ԣͣȻſڣȴҡҡͷ졣
Ļɲ޵ֻ˵ͣĽСһҲҪԭڵڶ㣬Ϊס
Ǿ֪ˣײֻӣֺδ֮У
ЩԼ޷ὣָͯˣ˵ֻܾҸס
½⻰ڶУζ
ΪƽҲǾ⺢խֻʱ˫峺ͫ͸¶һ˿ƣ
յ֮꣬͡ģȴѱ˪ʲô˭ᣬ㱳ࣿ
½ͷ⡣
ᣬԣǷ˫Щ˪
ǾϷ򿴿ľ罣ΡڨڨЦţݲ
˵ıһȥ˴ص͵ͣͲֻг೤ȴ磬ָޱȡ
˵ϵ֮ռϷ硣ԵģȴƵľ罣
Щǰ޷ǣֻὫ罣ˡǡĶӡЩ絶˪Ѫȷ磬޷ǣѽ׼Ҵõ쾡£ȫȻ⡰罣š
һЩɽ¶ˮҲԽ˺Ǹ²ҡеӣԡڲ֪еǶ߷ǿߡ
һǡɽ֮ƣõŸҡҡλΣʧ׼ͷһУȡ̫ʫСӹҹ£ɽ·綯ƶžҹ䣬У޷ǴʱľΪϡһף˽Եɴۡ
˻ʮ꣬δõľ磬ʮͣࡣ
֣ľţ
οṦ¯࣬ͯ׳ӣͼ֮סĲģ޼¡
üͷһ壬尢ͺһϡ
ϣʹٶȽ޷ס
Х½⣬ѱΣӰӶģģŸϸߣһѽסֱ֮
С𣿡֣ͯ綼˿ʮ꣬Ȿ£쳬ˡ
޷һἰգü΢תƣ᳤֮ƣǻͯ״ɫһţ޷׳öӣȻ֮䣬㱻Х⾢ʵ÷飬̶ͦĽ⣬ԾȻ˿
ͯųһ磬ݲӿȴ½ʰһбɨ
˾ֵ˫ۣôǰѵԼһ첲
Ѫӿעͯʹ಻˻С
޷ֻɨһڵϣڶϸС첲｣ʹһǡΣ¥ʦͽˡ
ĩ˱ߣٿȻϳأɢ￪
ֵָҲ˰أһǷˡ
½һǣƣ¼ǿҲЭһͼ˺ĺˡ
ȴʱǰкȻһŮӵĺ߳ɪͣ翡


265 . ׽᲻׽
½, üĶһ
ѭȥֻǰԶĿյϣ˿˿, ơ֮, ߳һ˪ɫȹŮ, 裬ӯ, ķɻ֦Ʒѩ
˶, һǿҵ㡣
޷, ̱˺Ťͷȴ½¶һŹֵ, ͷ͵ŻһѪ, ϥڵء
Ǹ, 书·һ£ʦ, 
޷üһ, ֣ȴͷѣǰ£ҲһƬ軨
ԭֹŹ, ĸ, Ҳ͸¶ɱ
ת˲, α˸ǰ, һѶ޷ʺ֮, , ȴ졣
֧, ž磬ӿյغһ֦ҶֱҪȵּˡ
֦ͷһŮӣѪۣ˺ۣźᵶһ˫ͫˮң
ĴɽˮӣԳԴöȶÿԼҼһԵƲϾҲǿá
޷Ѳµ֣ɫַ̧ǲӭѨڴͬʱб̶ͦΡ
ʹˣҧгݳ
޷ޱ飬ȫֱͣĿڡ
Ļʺʮǰδκ¹ɱ֡ȴЮ˫ֽȾѪȣҲǵԼ
˫ͼƿƣȴǱ¾Ƴ߿⣬أŻѪ
̵ģӻˡ֣ʰϹ˦޷š
޷΢΢ƫͷὣһɨ࣬һ˿ɫѪۣɳ
밢桢ͬʱݲƳ
أ缤쳾ǻֺĽȻȻɢ
ڳûκһ˿壬γУֳ˼Сֻ֪Ŷһơʧ˫ȣδˣȴҲֻô˿
ճ۵ףﻹѣȡ֮ģһ˿Ϣɱ⡣
һƬҶ
˫ָ߾٣ָ֮״ѸٲҶƬŹֵ
޷ڶУֻͷʹѡ½˿һ򵱳ŻһѪ
ЩһӦǿңеѪڵء
˫̡
޷һԲ˫ֺսǿͷʹݽ¡ͯˣѷݶ
һʱ֮䣬ʯм裬꽻Ӱɼ䣬һöɫӲ޷Ǿ࣬߱ѿмǳǳѪۡ
ὣ컨ǰ̳ᴩѪ죬ֱӱûͯ
ͯصɴ˫ۣûüֱͦͦ¡
ˣ˿
޷ǶپǱһ񲼣ģ壬࣬תʹһůӿϺͷ
ܿƵȥۡһŻѪ
Ƕ½æǰ
޷΢΢ҡͷԽأǿվֱӡ
˫ִָһöҶִ졣
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬֣һӰһն䣬࣬ѵ֮
˶پµһŶ΢΢һΣվȣѱһΪĺֿ
Ӷ˸ǰһѪȴȼΪŮӡ
Ȼң
𣿡޷Ǵ󾪡
졣ңһʹһеġ־⺮ֱʣЯ֮ƣͷﱻееۣæʹṦˡǵȴûüܣֱӱ㱻ңʻһ޴ѪڣֻʣƤһԱ㵹˵ϡ
ĨһѴʹգѪ֪ԼѱһеľγüѪڣҧأݲԶЩͬģĺˣҲߣȴ޷һһ£Ĩ˲ӣֻʣһŵģֱý˹ȥ
ңľһᣬбб¡޷Ǽ״ǰڻС
ôˣ½ĵߵԲ鿴Ρ
Ҳǰѱܶ𣿡ңս޷ǵ֣ʵ
ڵһδӰʱŪˡ޷浣ǣôˣ
ңҡҡͷȴδشĻ뿪ķüͷʵʲô˰Ǵģ
ǰЩ뿪ӵˣѱǸɱˡ˵ţغʬһ긾˵ʬһۣ˵Ǽ޸̫ƽһ˼ҡ
ǻ˼ǲպ޷ʵ
Ǽ㶡
ûٶʣǿͷ쿴ЩΡ
ԭ˵ĴӣֻʣʮˣкüǺӡ
СҲУŸĸʬʹޡ
˴󷨣ȥ𣿡޷ǿһȥķֵͷлʵңǰʱһɫ
ߣҲߡһĴǣ
½һԲߵǸ޷Ǵεĺ˸ǰһȭػСʹ֮½ʣ˵Ǻģ
ҡͷֱֻ֪˵ԼǷ£δ˵ò
ϵáľˮ㡯޷ʵ
ǡǡ˴󾪣ô˵ʵ֪
ûüѻ˵꣬Ȼ޷Ƿ׳Х¹ᴩĿڣһ
زˣѦ񡣡޷ǵ۵¶δй֮ɫô࣬Ϊ˰һ򾡡
˵Щ˻Ǳģǻǣһʵ
ô˵޷ǽ⿪ӭѨܽƣңվĻߡ
ҲŲҪߣСĨһᣬ˻ΪǣҵŻġ
⻰޷ػݹңʱΣǸһĨӲŹֵЦ⡣ãҡҡͷȴδ˵ʲôֻǾԱңǰ߿


266 . ޾
, ѦɱԭǴ㽫Դͨͨڡ
㱾, ԶԶ, ˷ֵ, ƻסʣµĴԼ, δرס
ЩȺ鼤ܣʼ϶ⳡѵԴͷ, ң, Ҳ϶ֻҪԶǼܲܿࡣ, Ӵڵ, ʼִ, йߣҪ, 󡰹
֪ߵ, ޷ʼһԲֻ½ӣϸͬǽ͡
ܹ˵, ֻô, οһ־, 紵ߵ
ǳı, , ȫ׼̾˿, , ǴңҲһĵġ
ҪһģǾͲð˴˵Ǹ׳꺺ӣ޶ڵŵɥʹԹߣ޴Ļ̱˻
޷ǻңһԵϣմˮСþѪۣɫЩ۲Ͳһ̶ˮ
˵ЩǸһŹվ
ŮǱ°ȥ̵ʥŮ֪˻ҲѸЩҾ죬һɲڴˡ
һңźúõӣΪҪץҵŮǵŵֻƽͷգַʲôǵҪô
½ԣҡͷ̾Ϣ
峤˵λŮҵŮûǸˡż˵ǰ죬ָλ˵λŮĺӣҪǽڴϣҵŮܹ棬֤λŮûкˡ
Ƕ˭޹ʵģôֻ˵ţȻ¶־壬һûЩ£ϴĴˡǾúʲô
裬˵ɾ͡һ룬ͻȻ
ôɵ£Źȣߵߣʲô¶ϣǵ˭ֿ캦£˵ץ˾ץˣҵŮôĪˣһɢɢ峤ôܹƾһ϶ǺˣǴǽ˴ӿʼ˱ɱǼԺǲŲðڻҪǸߣ⡭ⲻǱȥ𣿡
˳㻹޷ɫң䲻˵
ƾʲô˵ʲôǾ͵ʲôһڴˣǽԺųֵ𣿡ǰ˵׳˵ţȻָ½ã͵ģ͵ǸŮҲŮĺˣأأְʲôģҪ
޷⻰ػͷ˵֮˿ȥɫȻɱ
˺˺һڵء
޷ǣ½侲Щ
޷΢˫ĿһԲ
½ҡͷ̾ЩҴĴ˵ǰѲʵҵѰҰԴ壬ҲֻΪ̽Ѱ࣬š鷢չ˵زίʵϵˣ㲻ɷΡӦģУѰһ֮ѾȥЩԹԹԻλ
ôˣα֤ھܻȫһʵ
ǣǰͬ峤ˣӦôˣǡ
½ԣü΢Ťͷ޷ǡ
Һ£޷Į
⻰½ĵ΢΢һ
Ӷ̶̼չ⾰½޷ǵıԣ˽⣬ģĮ֮ĵ
½֪ҲĻ壬Ⱦ޹֮ˮԹµĶβƣҲδΪѹ
ǸĻů紺꣬طǰĳһɲǣȻʧӰ١
Ϊء½ֻ򵥵˵ĸ֡
⣬޷ĮԸαΡ
峤ˣôһָ޷ǣʵ
½ͷ·˼֪Щʲô
޷Ҳ˵ֻǱңȥһԵɺ󣬽⿪˿ҩ
һֻϢ
ңʧѪ֣ع֣ͷѪǱһƵģһʹ
ΪλǵĿ½Ļһഫ
˱񣬲жӦ޷ƽΪҪǺɫ
˵ģ֪½ʵ
ֻ޷ǷʣΪ֮ˣѵ𣿡
Ǿõ˵ֵã½
ǡ޷̹Ȼϡ
ô룬ͬңϡ½Ծ̾˿
Ҳϡĸ֣޷ǴＷ˵ġ
һ½Ĭˡ
֪˶ã¿ڣôһ˴ܹٿࡣ
޷͵һ̧ͷķ
ɣ󵽸״˿һʹϧı飬ͬ˵Щ
Щ£ԭҲ䵽ͷϡأ½ĽŲҲ֮Զ
޷ͷȥҲӣһţ˳䣬һһţӨ͸ƶߵˮӣ˳Ųݾ䣬ʧ
ȴʱյֻ΢΢˶תָ
޷΢΢һ㶣ең
˫ĿһĨЦ⡣
޷Ǽ֮ΪЦȴһ˿ǡ
֮⣬ЩǱĿ޷ڶУľֻǽӵңӣϢϢ
Ʋ᲻أԼӵϢѺתٵͷȥֻң˫ۣɿУ
Щ𣿡޷ʵ
ǲҲڵģҲ˳Ѧı֣ң˫Ŀʵ
˵ΪΣֻǾá޷̾˿ͷʣֻߵͷҲȾѪһȥ
ûߵ·ʲôµģңݸ֣ḧգ˵Ҷء
ȴӦҪһȫ޷ǵĻ
Լˣʧ˱ġңһԻ󣬡Լ⶯ҡ˼仹
޷Բֻ΢΢ü
һȾģٲࣻٵƿգǧͨһ֮ˣҲ̹ңߣһһ˵⻰֮ʣͷԹȥ
޷ǽӵӣѪ¼ºۼҲɿ֡
½˵Ȱ˵Щ뻹ͬ¡ʣµЩԹҲδҪ뿪Ļ
Ȼһҹкü񲻼ˡ
˵ûǸɥɥӵ׳꺺ŭץ˰ѳͷҪǰƴ
æǰ
޷֮»еңת֣߳Σǰֻס½쿴ϵĽӡ
ЩӡȻң¶ͨͬһδ˿ڡǻشķ
޷Ȼվֱȥˡ
ʲôȥˣһʵ
شȥˡ޷ǵǾͷȫؼҡ
ʣµĴǣһ
ȺСͻȻݺݵ޷һۣûƵش·ȥ޷Ǽ״ü΢ݲ׷ϣһѿסͷŭҪʲô𣿡
ſңſңСͬһ㣬Ƕǻˣſҡ˵ţȻһͷҧСۼ䡣
޷һʼյĮ±ҧסƤΧѪԾδɿСͷ֡
ۡСڰ಻סޣ˵ҵĴҲܣ塭ء
Ĵ޷ǳ˵꣬ɿͷ֣һȥֳ⡣˵ţشķȥ
ȥ׳꺺ӵҪߣһߣ˭֪᲻ǡ
֣ͨӺȵ˵˵
޷ǺᣬԶ
½ıӰʧڲӰ£ͷ
ּľ֦ïҶӰӰ´¡޷Ƕһ˴ּ䣬ظеһ㱡
ǰҲ㣬һǰݣ̤ȥɽ·
ʱľѡƽأ
꣬δϣȴѱηηβհǰ˺
ԭΪԼǣҡϸ룬ȴȻ
ƲԹױ䡣Ƶ쳾ʧҲԭķ
صԴУԶԶһһʱǰȥֻƼһΧһʬסһһλŵĴ񲱾šϣڵϡ
ǰƼŤͷҪߡ޷ǼЩӻĴһкһŭ𣬵ݲסЩ˵ȥ·
գ缳ˮ֮ƣǺ֮⡣ѸҰ¶˪䲻üۣȴѿļ䣬Хº϶Ϊһ֮䣬ǳ˼̻ɽһƬ
һ޷֧أŵһأϢĺˣһ˫ѲѪ˿
ֲȾѪɱҵϣþȪ֮£Ǵʮ˲Ƥ¶ǣ۱۶ϽҲϴˡ

ԣ
轿һ
ң
ԸѾʼƫˣ½Ȼ˵ůĻԹ֡
½õĵӡ


267 . 仨ĮĮ
һͷ, ɽУԼʣµһˣ뿪ΧС
ң, һֱ˯, 屻Χһ˶ߵҰݵס, δ˼䶯
̵ģҴ, 䣬ָ½, ģ, Ҫҵˡ
Ǻˣ½ƽʵ
ľүǰ˵, ֪̫, ɱ, ŻЩôǰˣٵ, ðץȥ, ð԰գһ£һںһӿϣ㳲ķ䡣
, 㱻ͱѡ
½, , ƮƮ, ݺ硣, ȴҲòڴǰͷ, ػ
꽻, 쳹ɽ֣Ҳ˻˯ңС
½Ļ󣬽ѹ漴һһģĲݣ˳
ľԵĻë·һõָۣͰ˵ϴŮħͷ
ǻأңɫݣεʣǰ
ûκȡɵʽǲֻһë·㲻ֹˡ
Ҳˡ
½ռʱΪ𾪣ټŴ˾٣вɾ̾治µһĺˡ
ᣬּû
ǳǰˣʤŶ꣬ӹŵĽµϣ
ңƽϻǶľ֣ᵶǰˣбľЩڵĽĺˣƼôһɷǡһɱһŵæҡ
ǰǽ޷ǣ书ٸҲиޣŮǸʲôһˣµҲûһĻӣһһȫɱ֮ĺȴǺ·޸޳
ľŵƨȴ·ˡ
ȻʱĻȴ˹˵СŮʲôæأɱôˣָܷɣ
ңѭŤͷǸվԶڶϵ
ŷ񳾵¡Ц߸ں޼ºüӡСй̣֮ˣһûŹ
Ǹɵĺ£ң˵Ӧĵ
ȻˣΪЩɥ֮£ɵѽ˵˵
ǲңǶңתҲתɱöˣҲкˡ
ѽÿ¡֮״ЩŵðĴȥ
ȺһԿյȥ
ңֻƳһۣǸһĨЦƺԴ˺⡣
СŮֻˣϡﴽ΢ƤЦⲻЦαΪ֤̬װˣ
ЩУҾ㲻ˣһָǰңңЩ֪ԣǵͣ뵽ʲôֱ˵ڣȫȻЩ˶Ǻο
ٵָܺſڿӵ죬ҵ˿գһ˺԰գͶս֣ᵶ޻ڡѪĭɽɽʳһɫӡ
ҴĴǿҽУ·ǰŮ˱ȵ˻Ҫ¡
һĹ򣬽±ʬɽѪ
ңδ˿ڣҲͨͨ˺ѿϽģǵ˵Ѫ˿ģԼѪ
ɺɫûзֱ
һʬɽ֮Уˮװĺ˴תȥȻһͦһȥ
ңۣŲ΢΢ͣرܲáǧһ֮ʣ½ݲϣͽסƳ
дһƤ⣬Ѫӿ
ͬʱХ·бնǺ˱
ɳܵ͵ϮߣȥڵأĿ
½ɿŵĵѵһڵϡ
ң޷ùһʱĿԵȥ޷ǼϣȽڻУͬʱʣ½˵֣ϸ쿴
¡½תʲվֻ֦֮ҶҡΣﻹŮ˵Ӱ
ԭԭǶǺˣҴĴ֮УǸŹȵ涣˺
ǲͬߣ֣ͨȻͬˣûʲô˵ġ
ֱˣ޷ǵͷսңǼ⣬̽Ϣᱧ۵һƬƽ˾ƺЩķӦ⡣
½˵˲ٺңҲûз
ϲ͡޷˵ţһƳЩЦһҲ͡
½ǣڡ
졣޷ǵûǣǻŴ뿪Ļᣬмɣ
½һʱԡ
˵ɿһңȴֳĬˡ
˵֪ΪԵԵɡ׷ǹʣˣܲػԴһ˵ȵڣʵѲס
ǰЩӣҸ߹ң뿪ķӡ̾˿ˣǱء԰գתȥʣµʮ񣬻뿪
½Ҳδ˵ʲôǴŶһ·УЩԼһֱƬСľݡ
ϰ֮ˣԳ˲ҩİ޷ǽңطº½˿ڣת뿪ľݣҩȥˡ
½Ű뿪ţɫ㯡
˶ǰԼЩһʱķ֮ܲضµԡгտ񣬻ķԣΨûб
ǸԼѪĺӣǰ˵Ľӡһߵڣȴѿɣ
½Ŀһ̾
ǰˡŮĻӴϴ

ԣ
ǷкõͺõˣԼҲǺܺúܺõˡ
ϧ޳


268 . Ķǿ
½ٿػع, Ťͷȥֻң£һűڻȻ˵
˵, ʶ, ҲѶࡣ½˼, ǣǰʲôģ
ǫ, ңʱ, ؽ, ů⵽á, ֻһЦ֮
½, ü΢΢һ
, ɽֹңĿ̾õ, ȴ֮, ࡣ֪㣬ұ㲻á
𣬡½ҡͷԭҲߵ·
½
ߵ, Ǻ˲¡½ЦŰο, ʤ, Է
ң, һʱʡ
ˣ޷Ƕҩ, Ŷ, ң˫, ŵڷ
һֻҩݸ½漴ߵ£Сң𣬿УҨһҩϸĴݵߡ
ңֹ̧
ɫһ˿
ǰѳħҲԾů紺磬ֻǽǰԴ˵Ŀͨͨջأһˡ
ңӣҩ
½е룬ˣ¶Щο
𣿡޷ң֣Ծ󣬱ֽЩͷʵ
ңҡͷʣµҩȴ֮ʣ
޷Ŀ¶ǣḧ󱳣滺Ϣ
ȺúϢһɣ½Ҳʱ뿪ˡ԰գ߳š
ҹžţ
޷ǻȾѪۣԺУȴ½ڲԶͷʡ
ǺӵкĻ׺ҹգ貣ְ߲
ǹ⻪˵ܣյһȦģģ·ҪĻ
޷һʱ㱣ֲǰ龰ǻ档
˯ˣ½ʵ
š޷ǵͷ
½ͷֳĬˡ
ãֺȻڣʵ޷ǣߵΪҪҴѦ񣿡
޷ԣĬãڵ֪£ֻǾãն񣬺ңʧȥˣ˾أ̼ѹ֪Խ࣬Խ˵²λ˶̵֪Ѧ۽Ǹ󱲡
ôߵǶʧˣ½˵ţԾ̾˿
޷գһԲ
첢ǻް޹⡣ֻʧ֮˾ϲ⣬ģʬλס졣½תɫ㯣·˾ԶĻУΣָѡ·㲻£в̤ߵ·Ӣ۾ϹȣֻټһΣܿ⡣Ҳʱ·հٱΨη壬ֱǰѰ⡣
޷Բã̧ͷ½ֱ˫Ŀƽȴһ˿޵İˣϣ·ڣҹµһˡ
򶨣ȴӡ֮ǰȴͬΣ·ʱʧȥ
ɵӣ½ͷĿң˯ǼǰӹЦ˵Ȼ㡣
޷ĿȻȴᶨҡҡͷһᾡȫǳȥܷ£ᶯҡ
úӡ½ͷãЩҲʱýˡ԰գ㼴Уӽӵ£ҳһдֵֽţݵ޷С
޷ǳɽӹϱֽϵݣȻ˫ۡ
һţһЩš
Լ֪¶ʥŮ֮뻢Ѩ֮Уѻͷ󱲣ΪԼɥΪаʸ֮ģ๣Ⱥ֮ѦС֪ƽȴΪЩ˼ٲҶҪѪծѪݣд¾֣һǵ֣ٿ߬
ԭݡ
һûͳȥţЩ඼Ѧд֪¶̺˫ͨš½ﻳ뿪󣬸һֻغӣҺܣֻҪصסߵĶôһգܹȵת
˵ţ룬ֵҲ֪һǲңֻһֻӣֲοءҲùŹ֣ãҲδн˭֪˼£˸һŽݹҩˮֽţҽ⿪ֽ⣬ʹͼ֣ŴֻӡЩţС
˵ţ̾˿˵ݣҲŴ²µôһ¡ҵѾ֪Ǹӵڣ㽫ȡ˳šȻûãǺӱ㱻͸͵ȥ
ǰã´ӵ˺ӣ䵽Ѧ޷ǵ
޷ֻҪЩŲУ򿪺Ҳá½֣ﵱҲضáЩϣȷⰲȫ
޷ǵ˵ͷͷЩţȴлһűżԺЩİֽ
ǡ
ǿصͼֻֽˮݣʹͼΡ
޷ü룬ͼֽгۺãŷֿ뻳С
½֣ʾһԺʯ£ǹ⣬ʼʱ޷Ƕ޾ϸһһ֪Ѫֻж̶̼գ˺
ҹȴΪӶ˵Ĵϥ̸֪࣬߱ѷ΢⡣
һϮ޷˫⿿ʯϣ֧Ŷͷ΢΢Ŀ˸Ƿ
ȴʱߴһϸ졣޷ǿҲָ̧һ󣬽ǲ֪Ӻδ׳ֱһö룬пһֵָۣǸ֮
δѧַϾָͨΪǿһһͺ漴ŤͷȥȴһӰٿȻԶ
޷ɫأվ
̰ɡ½ҹζࡣ

ԣ
ǷǾθ̫ǿϵ̫
뿪һ㣬ỬԨ


269 . ĳ
ң˵ü, ϸ˺Ӳųأľò׵õϢ, һ۱˯ȥǿк·, ֻơ
޷Ǳδ, ǰһɾѣһ, ֱӴᱧ߳⡣
Ϸߵͷ, ǸĦ޹ȵĵط
ɲΨһɳġš, ֻҪ˳ͨУܻص
Ħ, ħ֮, , 죬ֶ֮Ϸ, ջв֮, ޵
Ħ޹֮áĦޡΪԭڹδݾ, ˼, ǷԵġաЦӡ, ȴŮ, ϲŭǡ塢, ɱ̰, , С
ȻδĦ޹ȣѷ;״б䡣
޷ǸᵽһϤζֺܿţţͷСۣһʹͷһʹ֮һѪۡ
ǡ½üһ
޷ֻô˼䶯ʶ̷Ӧ۱סңڳ֣νӳӭײһŵķУһ졣
½ʧɫѲɡ
ġ޷ŵ÷죬æǰȥὣһǿķƣ񳾵ݸ½
֪ĵ½ӹ񳾣ĿɨʣкظֳӢӰ
ʮǰǶദʱֹһӢ֪
һѺᵶնƣȡ壬ƽԭһƬ徻ǰ󻳣أǵ֮Ӣۺܡ
һѪᣬѿƽƽĵϡ
½˵ǧ֮أУ·ԭʢǶ⡣
ᵶʣӰкʹ֪ĸŮǰأ̣ȴҲƽ֮ҹ˵һһ
˴ɱصİӰдϲɱ˴ССĵۡ޷¹죬ȴƳһϤӰڲԶСɽϡ

ڵ޷Ǵ󾪡
ԭӰ󲻹ֻڰɡĻĩˣЦ
⵽ô£޷ǳŭȡ
·ˣĪҪԹҡȻ
½üͷ䲻һ绮Ƽͷ޷֮˰벽̧Ƴ߳¶ĹЦݣˣָ̧ʵĪЩ񶼸ץˣͷ
ԣֻȻĿ
޴½ӵһ󼱴ٵĹƣ˵ú룬ǼѵŹЩЩɶǵɽˣǵĺ㲻ĿΧ龰ҲٻȱЩ¡ЩѦԣ֤ˣж֤ʡҪնݳôܷŹǣ
ͬ˵Щкã޷ŭǲ֪жİǣѵָԼԴ⵱еǰ𣿡
󣬻ǹȫδ⵽Ϯһƣ䲻һ򡣱ڻеңҲˤڵأ˳б¹ȥ
޷Ǵʧɫȼ׷յԣϮһʱֻ֣֮һѽң§뻳Уֵ
Ҳδʹ˿ڴӺᴩǰѪӿ糱ͬʱػͷ͵ŻһѪ
Ħ޹ȵڣǰȴ޷
޷ǲǲҲǲڴ˵أֻǣɥ֣֮ʵԽܡ
Щ񣬿֪ġЩˣǵǣҪ·ơ
ǲʣǲֵ˵ѪҪΪһ֪ڴˡֱЦ
ʱվԶңΣգҲҡƿһ󲽡½æǰ쵶Ӱַ磬ס޷ǡ
޷ĨһѼͷѪǿ̾ʹңȴ֮ʣ㣬ֻȷһִΰӰǿĹơ
Ҽ磬ÿһӽľʹȴֲòǿš
Ȼ֮˱ȻҪӰб
ǰǶ˵Բɱ𣿡Ƴң˫Ŀ̬֮Ųѣֹȴס
ڴ˴ҲԹˡҪ֣ҲֻܹԼû¡ĵ
޷ִҲԸ˶ϰ仰һ֮УһǹĹֱңţб
ײ𵴣ֻѡ
ȥӰȴһѿš
Ϊ㻹еڶ·ѡȵˣ˶һߣ
½书ԭͲˡɾƾңͣӰشεֵס֧֮£¶УѪȪӿ
޷Ǽ״ֽ֪ңǿ֧վ𣬷ɿ˺ǰػִֵ֮ǰ֮䣬СϱɼǵĵڣѪֱ
ɵ¡½Զ棬ֻǰϮ޷һ첲ϣǵýһ۶鲻ɡ
ʹ֮ˣֻ֣ӽֵԴ
ԼҲ룬Ƶһԡ
ңҲܴٶˤڵء
޷ɫ䣬ʶң˫֣ȴַɿع½ܸߺһ
Ȼδ䣬½дأѪԵڵء
޷Ǵʧɫݲǰȴ̫أߣһʱᣬŻѪء
Ӷ˵Ѫʹ棬ཧˮн㣬ڡ
½ˣռݴǻอңҩʯҽǵ޷Ƴ˾оһƬհףҲ޲
Ӱδɡ
󾢷ȴʧ־ȫ޷ʶ
ǧһ֮ʣһֻ˳ִжХ£ģȫһɨĹơ
޷ǼɢʶϡعЩŲȥңѹؼʱ̣һ
ͨ죬˵κλûңҲûлϲޱˡ
һֻ̣ﹲͬ٣صףҲҪ˼䡣ů⣬ҲԵ÷ࡣ
ˡңƳ½ʬŭĿֱɱӿֻ޲õһƴȫһʹ֮Сϡ顱ʽӰֱָ̧ŭȵɱ޹ģ
ˡܡȻѣ֪ײɽ£ȴ˳סףһȥ
ӲǰӰ֮󣬺ܿ˺ۡ
ǵӰƣֵȴҲǿ㿪һ֡
ңܲ࣬һѽɥʧ־޷˳Ƽڵϵ񳾱Ħ޹ڱȥ
֪ʲôɵ£ǰûлһƬΨһͷֻʣȵɽڣʶͷ࿴һۣƼƣþһ˿ײ÷ɽŰ̫֡
ֻ̫٣ɽʯݡԴԴϵʯӷ嶥䡣ɳʯ֦ӳҷɡ
ңɫݣȫޱ仯ֻɿɨһ۱ݶס׹ɽµס޷ǵ֣󲽱ɽȣһ̶ͣ
ź¡¡죬ͨĦ޹ȵΨһڱ׷ʯɽüʯҶϣһͬΪ촷ۣʯͷʯͷķ϶䡣
ͷУˤڵء
ң̻عת޷ǣڣȴ֡
޷ۿտաһ˫·ʲôҲûУƺװκζӻͳţݵңУƽ뿪Ժ󣬼ǵҪҳѦ䣬跨šĸԩѩ
ʲô˼ңƿŵ֣ҪҲ
ѣȴִĪһǿнק
޷ǱһһʱľȻ
ңɫ̩Ȼû˿仯к뷨ȳȥ˵԰գ֣ᶨǰȥ
ݻ̫֣ɽ֮ʣĦ޹ңУܿڱ˶ߡ
̰գѶɱٲңԣ糾֮޷ҡ
ᵶ컨ɢǰŨȴ֮͵һ
ңһ£޷ǡʲô
ֱʣ޻֮Уδִʧ֮ƼŮ֮˿ԣħϣϲŭǾ塢̰ɱҵ
þ֮ڣޱѪڽϵ϶Ǹͽʼһһ¶ģڷǰȥ½
̰Ϊɱأ
ɱˣȴܿѣ㲻ɱ
޷ᣬͷӿů͵һŻѪ
ǰʹ֮˵ײϸ֡ɱһѶֹսҲʼ֪˼һнΪӰȴ޷Ƶسȥ壬ƮһԣôԼһ١
ȴʱһůĴдѱӿ𽥴ȫ
Լڻ֣һһᶨ
Ϥ
޷ǣ޷ǣң˫޷գס㿴ʲôټȥҪǵһֱߣǰ·նѣҶ㡣һҪҪңҪԼ
ңĻϴ޷Ƕģһ㽫־أǻȼյһҲϨȥΪһ̣ת˲ɢ
޷ƺһٴŻһѪһΣǰңԲչ˫ӵ뻳
ԭ͸ͷա
ֱһŷ֣ԭĻҲůҲп
ߡңĿ⣬첲ǰȥ
ԣ˼еػþԣ
ҲãҲգڴһ̣תΪ߳˵ص
οһػ
ݻˣʹʲô
Ħ޹ŨӰأǧܹ˳ͨ˵ľݣ⣬໥ƣѱ˸ߡ
ңһ·նһǰ޷ǻججԽ㯡
ңΪηҪԼʬ⣬
δйڡͷʣʲô
޷ãȻ˼ãȻã·ǻбҪȥ𣿡
ȻСңδͷȴɼᶨҲ֪Щʲô塣ף֮ʶŹѦһᰲġ
ң
󣬷СΪӣᡣңȰңĴ֮ˣ͸̫£
޷˫Ŀĵױ˺֣Ȼǿ̣ȴµ·ѩĶ֮£Ƴѿ͸ȻͦͶǿ

ԣ
޷Ǹûеĺ
ʱѾʼ֢Ӱ
Ϊ̫ˣûȥңң鶼Ѱ
Űʱ䣺show time 󣬷СΪӣᡣơ޼ɡ顤Ͻڴۡ


270 . 紵
Ϊ뿪Ƿ֮, ˻صûüˣ˻س̵ĺˮϵƮҡ, ֮, ңһ, µ߻أȥ
޷Сչ, 粽롣
ɫǰȻʻһҴ, סʹȥ·ʮԲ, ɷľװŴ󿳵Ͽʹװ塣һԲ, , ðɭĹ, ȻȺ
Ҷ£ˮӪȥ, ˶, һϴضΪ˱ڴͷ򰤸ѹȥҵ˶Ѻͷǽ, ͷڵϡ
˿, ޷ңڲڴͷ, ˯, δߵӡ
⻹ˣһŧĺ߿, ͬ鴳˽ȥ
޷Ƴһ, ɫ, ֳ˹ȥȴġ
ǽŽɴ򿪣ǽ۷Ź⣬ǰ
Щӣ־Ϊġʣ´룬ġ
Ǯ͸ϿϢ޷˵⻰ͷһңĿϵһ˲ױѩ˲ڣᣬȨЩڡ
椲ŧˮ˳Цų޷ǵǮɲУС˱£ζҲ
޷ԣĿ䣬ȼ˷ϻ꣬Ȼ³彣ع˲ͬʱӣú󱳵סɽѪЩѪ֮˵ѡ
ȣ̵أϢ
ңַͷŤͷһۼˣü
һ޷ǷңԺ󣬸
ң˵ͷ
޷Ƿ齣ӺûȾѪңػУʬϳţߵһബǰǼһһ뱼ӿĺˮС
ʬˮ˲㱻˻û
޷һԲ᳤ͷ
ûܵȻ£ȴ޳
޷֮ߣڽ֮ѷ֣Щֻè򣬳ѹĺֱв˻Ҫɡһȥ㵹ºü̵Ĺ򣬱ѽЩɱ˸һɶ
ǿǵʬ뺣УһЩһԵİգǰֲȴһţ¶֮ɫȥ
޷ǵı齩ϣڰյ֣ٿ߬ȭ
ҧҧȻ߿ա
֮ˣԴǰҲûʲô
ֻǵ˴˿̣ľʹˡ
ң˯𣬼޷һ߽ţ£Ҩһڴݵߡ
ϢʱԺң˴Ӵǰ˵ɱЩ£Ӳ²⣬ָָ㡭
š޷һףһ˿΢Ц
ǾЩҪңһе࣬ȥ˵ִôʳ
ҡ޷ЦȻ˵ʲô̱ˡ
ңƳ۵׵һĨԳ³鴤
γɫȾǳĿ·˶ߣ¹̻𺣣ȥۏ
ɵϣôˡ޷ǷףḧգЦˣδôҡҲټЩˡ
ûңǲܹЩࣿңȻʵڤڤָ֮Ҫߵ·Ҳƽ̹ûڣ㲻ǣڣҲͲʦҲܺúõġ˵׼һʼѭЩżҵ½ʡȥ鷳
Ҳ룬޷ĿҲѻֻΪƽ¹͵һ¿ࡣܲɷֺ֣α˵ֻҵģ
ңʹ۽ΣȴǿŲ䡣
ࡣ޷ƽҨവٴεݵߡ
պİֻ޷ǲŻλƵң´ҵһҿޡ˷УɫȻ࣬Ҽ˿ǰȥңӦ죬ֽȡ
ҿˡңߵߣ⿪һȦȦ±鿴Ҽƣŷ֣˿лŧ֢֮
㡭ң뵽һֱһչԼΪƽᣬܹȴ뾹ǿŲģһʱ֪˵Щʲô
ɫ˿ŧѪ
ʹ֮£޷ʼһԣֻǾʱʱʹǣȫҧأü
Ҫ㡣ңóҩ˿ϣȻ˵Ҫһ㣬㲻ͬһҲ㡭
һ룬Ȼҭã˵ѹĵ׵Ǿ仰ۡ
޷⻰ľķһسȥд㵡
ΪֻҪһֱߣеˡңڷ֡ЩˣЩ£ʼ޷
ҲΪ
֪Һã֪ʼնҺǻңʹĲѣҲΪĸܡҪҸˣ֪ôܰ㡭ϻҲǣеʹ㶼˵ҲӲйҲ֪㻹֧ŶãɡҪȵһ̣ұ㳹ʧȥˡ
޷˿ڻŧҲֻܰ͸ߣֹ񻯡ůҹ·󣬲
ңĻĬƬ̣ʵĺң
Ȼңס֣ѵҾһֱǸɣ𣿡
޷ǾȻЦʣһʼ٣ҵɽ֮ǰҵʿǰҵĴڶԣǲɻȱ
˵ֱӣûһ˿һڡ
֮裬ˡ򲻰ֻҪĸܣû˻ῴס
ǰڴϣҲ˵ɴһʼδʶʵԣһп޵ˣΪߵ죬ռ˶λãΪΪЩ£Ϊ
ΪҾ㡣ңƶһУĶҶϣߡ
ԭˣҺ޷ĿʼƽгһգҲ޷ȥ㣬ɻң
ˣңѳҲɷָһ֡ʲôֻվҰġ
ԣֻΪϰߡ޷쳣ƽ۵û˿
ңСۼ֣䡣ĬãȻ§Ĳӣꡣ
Ĵǰ¶ȡҲ֪Ϊˣбһľˣľؽǣűͻ֮ٵ궯
ʹ궯ǽֹͣӵ
ңУͻȻʹ޳ΪҡҵͲȥɽҾͲϣͽЩա
޷ԣü
½Ļ
ѽѽͽԵ֪֡ҪѾͷ㶼ϡ
ĺƱһֻε־Բ⣬šһš
׶Ĵ̹ǵľʹ񣬺޲ýԼ˺ѡ
ǰԴ𣬡û㣬ң
޾ڰеʶڱѡӵ뻳ǣǻǸԲ𡭡ңңԲҺ˵Ҳ㡭Բ𡭡
ʹԼ޲Ĺڦİ֮Ҳһأס󱳣Űοˮ֪Ǻá
ж
ֻӰ󣬱ˣΪһȫΣѪԵ֮ˣ˭ˣ
ôܹ⣿
޷ǰûڲѣûȴңľתһһѣֻܽӵͼ΢ůֲʧԸ˺


271 . 
ң, ϶δ벻ѣһ, ˯˹ȥ
޷ͷھ, , Ծɽӵɿһ˿һ
Լ, ¶ǰסһ, ȴΪ
һ, ޷ֻԼѴ̣޲ðԼĸ, ǰ, ԭ¡
ңҹ, žˮ޷һӵңһ֧ڶ, , ̨ƻȻʧɫ
ҹŨƽڱ˲¡޷ǽ֫Ӳżͷ˿ɵһϸ΢Ķ, ˻ң
, ޷һʱ, ûü˵, ֲ˿ǰ, е𣿡
ңң޷ǲʡ
˵ô, һֱҡңֵ, ˡ
޷
һҲԹ
˸߰ˣڵ̣࣬ȫƽϡ޷оٶӵ뻳֪ۿ
Ϊ˲ٿ࣬ǵйһңﻹʲô˵˵ɡ
޷ʶҡͷĴ
Լ֮£ֺġ
컣´档һŨңգһģ˵֪ʲôǴ߹ң֪貮ദʱ⣬ֻô̶̼꣬޲ûص꣬ӰԼ˩ߡ
ԭţһΣԲź޷Ȼ˵ţʡ
ң§˼֡
Գͷһ·һֱһ㣬ҴȰº͡ѪԵףط꣬ұΪͣ˭֪޷Цдֻ࣬ǲףΪÿһҶزסѵɷÿ֮ˣҪ̿ˣգ
˵˵ңѵͲ𣿡
ңң
֮۷£Ҷߡң̧˫Ŀ˵Ҳ뿴ȥΪҷһУ£Ϊ㣬ҶΪһ飬ֻԸ
ֻԸģ˼⡣
޷¶ݣͷǰһǣ˵ʲôǰ·ΣƴҲһߵ󡣡
ԵأҲԸĵơϵ£ҹѣ·
©ҹ쿪
뿪ݵؽ磬ɽҰ;һСʱһ̯ţȴ˵һšħŮң¾ܣѪϴҶɽׯֱɥĲ
ﲻΣǹˡң񳾲£䲻ȵôһұ˺ļֻĴء˵ãûҳѦ䣬Ҫﵱһ³
ʱȥЩ£޷ҡͷ
֤˿֤ңüѽ˵Ļǿɲšֻ˵㱻ջˮǣŻЩԽƯŮ˰ԽǴˡһ˵ţһ滹ģЩʿĿֹΩΩФ޷Ц
ѽʹǰǲһˡ޷ҡͷЦ£㶨޵Ҫȥָɡ
ǸҵĻңҲɥγϾԸ˵Ҳûʲôˡ
ã»˭ģ޷Ц⣬ʵ
˶Ԫ㣬ڶ롣ң¶ı£ֻͷڹ꣬ڱʹС
ԪʹңΪҪȥɽ޷֮̾£ҲС
󱲡ң꣬Ŀתϣֱˮ㵱Ƕ̫ˡʲô񰡣͸ø֪ϹͷһֱҲûʲôôЩˡ
޷ҡͷһЦȴԾ̾һ
ڵʲôңʵ
ȻõţҲѦҲһֽˡ޷ǵɱˣͼ޷ǽ֮λУǸˡһйṦΰ˶ԣ֤ݣֻ̰
ԣ꣬ʵǴвλ˶³ɽңһǹ̵ġб¾ѧˣǧ˰֪꣬˶
޷ԣһЦ
ط֪ӺʱҲǴǰǸһɣ÷Ȥࡣ
ⲻ֪ǻԼ׽ԽԽ
ðˣ޷Ц⣬ɫأõԸֶԸ㡣ּΪҲЧῴ
ˣҼǵãβ͵ǱѾͻ˶ãңҲ˵ܰΪ֤ˡ
ͻȥģӦֻر޷ǵʱȥѰˣҶʦˡ
ɻа취ܹţ
ϴɽұʹⳤϡ˵ֻʦҵǣȴҲʦ޷˵ţ˼ΣɵȥҹΤǰ
ӵʦңüһԡ
ʦ㲩б֮޷ǵǿȥΤʡ
ңͷµ񳾣üͷ޷ǿǣ㼴ȥ˿ڻҵĴ鲼ԣ֮ס񳾣ǣ뿪
ȥʱ͵ᣬܸ
һ·϶У;գֵϦ
ҹнͷУַǷкͯǣ֣ŸҥܹУЦڷУ¸ߵʹĴһһȵļѽڡ
ǣţ֯Ů꣬Ǹ𣿡ңмӿ˳˵һŮǵȥͷ͵·¼Ůȣ飬һֻһλᣬҲҪͬ˶һ棬ͼʲô
˵ɽԺİɣ޷Цʡ
ңͷǰϿĹ£˵ȫͬԭ˵֯Ůͣǣţ䣬֯ŮΪ鰮ķ֯ţŭۣʹ˷ֿ
֮Ůۣ֯ƽ¡޷ǵ޺֯šŭӶһһᡣע
չĿԶǴذĵƻᣬЦ̰֮˶ԣŮֻһУֲΪ踶ֻлиɴУʵʵıŮˡŻŮ·ԼΪͬҪһУ͸ǡ
ǲŻ˵ţ֯ŮĹ£֯Ůºϴ裬ţ͵ţ͵֯Ůѣ֯Ůز˼ңֻţɵӡңҡͷЦһֻǸ£δ棬Ȼ֯ŮǿѾ˸߸ϵȴΪ˵϶òЩϹöˣԼƭ˹ȥɣǲģﻹģԼΪ˼䣬ר޸

ԣ
õľӱȽϳӸע⡣ ϳܿС˵Ӧ塤ƣ֮֯Ů֮Ҳۣ֯ƽ£òϾ޺ǣţɣ޺֯ŭӶʹһһᡣ


272 . 䳤
, ˱֣Щħͽ޶֮ģ޷ҡͷ, ЦԴ
һųԺǰ, ֻаڿһų, ǰһŮݡϦʱ, Ůڼҹ֯ŮΪɻѰԵңƼŮ̬֮, ҡͷп㹻ϱܻ, Ҳһݡ
ʲô޷Цʡ
ѦЩԼԸЩ, Ĵ, ˷ʱ䡣ң˵, 齥أΪõ, ˽, δˣֻǸʼҪߵ·, ѹء
޷, Цݽ, ʶס, ˵Ϻ, Ҷߡ
̻ڿ, ܶͷ׷ӿӱ, ˮƯǵĹˮ۳һнԶңͣ½Ų̻ȻߺŤͷһǸǻӡ
Ȼ£޷ǵ֣ߵǰƶת̣ɲɣָѡСǸӡ
ôôСѷɿӻãңֻܲ鲻ԸǮǻݸ޷ǡ
޷ǽӹǸСÿǻظǰңػϿ̻龰ع˵˵̲̣̱ˣֺű˴˶ȹһһ
֪Щܲǰֵ¡ңӯӯЦ
޷ǿ˵Цգ΢΢һٿů⡣
չһЦһתǻ˫Ŀ۲ºˮ𡣡
ȴʱ𲻺ʱ˵ƿңһȴ޷һ֣ǲ֪ӺδĶ̼һ̶֧βȻõ󣬼⻬ӡ֣ĩ˻дĥĺۼȻΪ·Ĩȥ˿ʶ
ߵӲ޷Ǵ΢ͷԶ¥ֻһ￪С¥ǰιһӰ
Ҳ£Ǹɵˡң¼֧Ц˵ôõĻҿûĸɻҾôϢ԰գɿ޷ǵ֣ݶǺӰӿķ׷ȥ
޷ǱϣȴһΧȺ׷ɢӿתδǰΣ󾢷㼴ܹͷῳһֿţֶ³бնǼ£ĺ˱ˡ
۷ɿһǰЩˣһڵľװֻ¶һ˫۾Ƽһ㣬Ҳ˷Ѵֳ˱һޱȣȫ޳ͣˮк
ңǻֶ˵޷һʱ֮侹ڲȡХ£ֻԵ̶ͦ
Ѧľôϲڱ𣿡޷Цҡͷ㵨ǣ£Ρ԰գһʹһǡΣ¥֮ߣԸЩ󱲣Ȼʲôһ洦򵽵ĳУҲǣ۾ָĴģľԡ
˷ɱԴ񣬶δԤϵ棬֮Էֶɲ޷ѶȥĻҲ֪־ΣֻЩ飬̽
Ϧƻᣬԭϲ쳡ϡ޷ʵԸнͷɱˣҲδɱУ˭֪һٶȴЩ˴֮⣬Զ٣лȡʤ˭֪ʮУǱ˸첲ǿȣһڵϲܶ
Ǹ˵ˣΣҪӣɲ֪ǺԵʣ͵ϮУͳһذף޷Ǳ󣬳ȴذײŸճʣؿһʹͷһȴƼ޷ǷһԲؿڣ͸Ƕ˾һҽжûϢȻء
Ѫɽ޷յ֣΢΢סڻǻⱻѪȾǼڵϣǿҲ׷¶ı飬ӿ
һͷңû׷Ϸ֮ˣ۷ɢӵȺص޷ǸǰŵǾʬףһʱ˵
޷ǵһЦ߽ǻǰָǩҴ궯ת˰Ȧ΢΢һЦ
ƽ͸ĽɫСԾɴͨ͸ûմȾѪ
ңǼһᣬС
ˣ
šңͷ֪᲻
´αô޷һǣЦ׷ϡ
ң΢΢ף׿ţѣͻȻӾ

ԣ
Ƿ½Ը˺ܴת䣬ˣˡ ңңΨһĹ⡣ ޷ǣŲҪҡ


273 . ѩ
Τһ, ƫƫ֮˲ɨǰͽܣ㽫Сƶ˭֪⵹ùӵ֪񺭳ߺ, 𡣶ΤһƳɳ, ͽܼȥ, ԼҲشգ첻Ʊ, ʱõزҳһ, ȫʰ
޷ƾż, ңѰλϽƫƧɽе֮, һԺ, Ƽ԰, а˸ߵĻݣŴ, ¶ŵɫ
⡭ס𣿡ң, СԺٵļªľݣüʵ
ҼǵáǰôݣҲˡ޷˼ã, Ժ, ֻһһһ, Τһ
ӻбŸվ̳, δɢ, Ż, ζޱȹŹ֡ɢŴССʮ̳
Τ塣޷Զ, ˻Σһ
Τһûѣ˸áҹľƳ˱ǶѬ޷ֱŻ¡
޷ǱȥȳľüͷһۣһҡҡΤ壬ˣ´ûء
Τһһصɴ˫ֱۣð⣬ֱģ
޷˫ֻۣҡͷ
СӡȻΤһ˵һ룬ͻȻסǰãͻȻְգ̽찡˭
޷ǻػȴһ㣬лϻ͵Ǹԣѵϸ¡
޷ǿа˫ֱ֣˫Ŀһһٺú룬ǰʦסһʱա
Ŷǡ
ﺮĵӣ޷ǡ޷ǵ
ԶԶԣϻػͬ˵㡭ΤһţˡȵȣȲ;ƵģǸ
ǰľƻûأңߵ޷ԣʵ
ӴأΤһƳңһ㶣ָ޷ǵǸ֮ԺСȷòסֵֵ
˵Щ޷һ㶡
Ҳ˳һ䣬˵СϲһΪҪΤһ°ͣЩԹҿɲϡҲͬ˵
޷ԣͷȴû˵
˵ôˣôƣͬһ㶼񡣡Τһ˵ţȴƾδɢһֵȥ
޷ʵȥһѣվȣԺСľݡ
ңһԣһͬţңס
޷ǲɫ֣ϵߵݽǷ¡
ãСͽܣɾΤһЦ
û𣿡޷ʵ
ѽӵǸѾͷĻ˼ϹͷΤһ
Ҳ˵Щһֱδ޷üòʲô˰ɡ
Сô£߶߶ΤһԴǰϸһɲãǴǰģ˼
Τ壬ңĻЦʵʵϻʲôʱ£
ȥ꣬ʧ𣬡Τһ˵ţɫȻ࣬ͬ˵ʧ𣬻˵ʲô¼СѾͷ˵£˾ˡ
һߵģ޷ʵ
ǣΤһڰ֣ʦ˵Ҫ죬ȥͶ̥ƵģˡСӣǵڶߵġ
˵Ҫȥģ޷ʡ
˵ΤһŬŬ죬㰡ʦôãЩıԶǣûѧɣʲô㶼֪ң
޷һʱĬƬ̣ʵж˵£
ûУΤһһֵҶЩûȤҪ˵һء
Ҳ˵ûһ֪ŵ䡭ңü΢
˵ѾͷʲôΤһȻ⵽ңǰô鲼ʵʵ񳾣ʵ
˵ңȡ嵶ǰ֪֮ʣˣͷвѰҵ䣬ƾѵˡ鷳
ϴģȻв鷳£ΤһƳ鲼һѣ¶۵׺Ȼ͸һ˿
ȾңգȴҲǸĸ֣£㼴ֽ˹¹ڵź۵Ĵ鲼ʵ޻ĺᵶãͻȻüͷС⵶ǼҴģ
Τϵѵ޷üһ
ǺöǰˡΤһ߳СݣԺУ鵶ʣָһԽһ˸ߵӲݣһأɽУԶԶһŮӣϪ両ʯ
˶٣ּ˵һƽͷһؿ˷̬·⳾޹ް֮ѣˮһ
Ǹˣõģѵ𣿡޷ʵ
ҾԶֻǸɣҿòû塣Τһϸ˿񳾣⵶ȷǺ񡣡
˵ţתңʵС⵶˭ģ
ĸסң
ŶΤһɻã
ңɣʵ
ˣ֮£ҲʡΤһתһ˵ݸңɷĵҿ
ң֣صͷӹ񳾣ͥпտ
߸ߵݼ䣬ɢ˿˿ңӭӵ衣
޷Ǿţڹճǽμʱ龰ʱʽƮȻմ˪Ҳ޴ۣ֮Ե֣㷢Ȥ޳
̣ѻɷǣ˼ְı̡
մѣϼʣӳյ֮ϣ֮Ʈuƾ衣
ôˣþóѩķУֱδȫع
⵶һȴֲһΤһͷ÷ڵ
˵ûлۼĸףңߵΤһǰվĹҲûѧ衣
ĵ黳ȡĵУɱ֮ȴޱ塣Τһ˼ɣѼ񣬶㣬ȴǺа񽫣޸ߵ֮֡
⻰޷ǲü
ңԳһҡҡͷЦԴɬȴּżοãϻ˼ǵĸףܹǰ
ѵԵʣ׷ɱҲһΤһҡͷתЦϵ˾֮ţעһƽ˳ʫ̫ףҲᣬŸ߰˶಻־ҵȷ֮мǵĺˣһ˳ȹһ
˵⻰ȥһԣ֪ĸҳһ̳ƣֵȻˣҺһ˵ţһֱָָֻ޷ǣСӿɻúܣ˵Լƣ˭֪ƲС棬ôɱƭˡ
ΤһֻҪһմϾƣ˵ͣһֱȵҹȵΤһæǰæ󣬰ͻطʰһ˳
ҹ貣ǵҹĻϣ쵶Ŀ
ңѭһĨŨĻߵԺ⣬ҼԴһԲ֪İɫҰڻԱ£դͷᣬԾ¶񵭵Ц⡣
޷ߵԶ£ĲۺЦԽרע
㿴Ҹʲôң⵽񣬲̧Цӯӯʵ
ûʲô޷ЦֻǾãߣĺܺá
ɣȻƮͷ޷Ǽˣȥ
ҲУңָһƬ޼Ĳȴ꣬Цʣ˵㲻ǹͷ
޷һЦҡҡͷǣҲֹڴˡ
һᡣңЦԣһã·ǾͿˡ
Ըˡ޷˵ţȴԾ̾˿תͷȥԶ췱ǣȴǵ⣬𽥵ȥһ쳾̻ҹȻϨ޼

ԣ
ҰTTһĽɫҲУ


274 . ͷƽ
տ, ո
ֽǵĲһһ֧ŶǣĿβ, һϸͨ͸彣, ǱΡ
˫ֻ, ǽɫ㯵ǽȺʳתȦģ, ۽޺һӡ
ඡ
Ƶߺ, ˫, תӹĲˮһ, 񺭸ǰ
͵̧ͷ, ۲һ
ѵز, ȥ£㶼°ɡƽ, һúô, ǰһ
ҧŴ
һԲͳӣݵǰ, һ, , ȥ۽ǵᡣ
ҧ, аһơ
һʱ, 䳯Ϧദ, ȴʼ롣䲻ʲô, ÿÿԣһĮɫҲͬ˵
α΢ͣҲһֱĥڣҹﱬУʣΪηҪĥΪβһɱúøʹ졣
ȻʮĮɵ˺ߣȴ¶ʹɫ
˰̾һ򲻽ң޷ĨĴڡҲ˿ڣִ֣áЩ֡
ڰյһƣվջأû¡
ˣãʣ㡭ﻹ𣿡
褲ԣĿ̾ȴûܰӵ뻳
ʮأ÷ݺʱڼģʮ顣ĺĺ⣬׸ϣ
ĵ׷߱಻棬޽֯ձȺοѹãһճ
ֱ񳿣ѳԧ֮ɴ
÷ȴһֱǣϾʱΪ˶»֮ԼΪٳǳ֮£ؼһʱʧִɱҷֿģʼŸҡ
صãų嶯ֳε¡
֮󣬶˽δ࿴ԷһۣǸԴʰһһ뿪ᣬֱ
񺭼ᣬ޵øˣǵò˶ǿʱʱСֻۣǸĵĹ˲ɾ۸ᣬ֡
̾˿ʪ͸Щ֪룬ĬƬ̣վԣ£ḧ󱳣ҷ˵ĻǳġһֱôĥҲˡԶǶԵģҽܸԹۣҲ÷ˡ
ȻУޡ
褲ԣֻӵο
̧Žɣõ϶󣬷գñŤദչˣԭźµľҲȻ
նɽҰԭʵȴȻҵķ硣
Ҫ𣿡㶡
褲ԣԶиƾɵͤ˽ȥͤľּ䱻紵ҡһεĻľü
磬Ҿáԥһ¶Ƶģ˵ⶼһˣҲûǲ˵Ѿȫˣ
˸㣬Ȼٰ˼˷ϡ˵ţԾңĻ̾Ҳ֪ңĻм棬ּ١Ϊ棬ǡ
ǡ̵ˣ᲻ңҧҧ
ҡͷʾ֪
ˣȥЩҲá񺭵ͷһȻֵǣܻܲݣ
ȥü΢΢һشȴȻഫƿ
˵һԣȻ̧ͷȴһϤӰͷȻһ
Ǻþò¹±ڷУĿȻӴӼ֪࣬Ҳ⣿飬Ҳ֪θ롣
㲻Ҹסὣ߳ͤ¸ǰͣ¡
⻰˵ÿɾͲˣбؿ񺭣ֲɱġ
ȴ褰νָüģ۲ƽ̶˿춯
ͷһԾ褣պƳ³鵶ͷһĻǰȥҪȻ褸Τһϰһӣǵǰ³鵶֮ʣѺὣ񣬵ƣ콣б·һ뻡ֱȡ䡣
µһת£⼤䣬Ͷ𣬷ͬʱֳͷ褱ܿ棬ȴδܹһƣ˺벽˳콣һڣ˺һѿڣȴδ伡ǡ
񺭼״æݲǰһֿס󣬰νӭµĵӰڷ˺һխĿӣºĴȥδ棬㱻һ𵴿
Ѿͷǲ书ǺڣЦֵӰѱΣ֣ȫס⵶ơֻáﬡһĽȻɣ˸б䡣
ͫ׼һ˳ƾٵ͵һ񺭷֣һʱֻһץץǵ֮ϣǵޱȣŹڳлһ˿ڣͣ£񺭳ʹæ֣һֻ˿ڼɼǡ
µⲻԾԾɳͷ
Ҳ룬ֱſ˫ۣ褸ǰ
һȴͷ֮ʱȻͣ
ǷҪԼԶֲˣҡҡͷ
㲻Ҫ˵˵ҲŲᡭһ˵ţһʶȥȴ۵׸
ֻһ˿ݼŵĽ䱸
㡭Ҳң񺭵ĺȻ˰ء

ԣ
Ҳı


275 . 
ûС褴æܿĿ, ֪Ǻ˵˵
´Ц
ҧµ, سԹ, ֪, бα㳯˹ȥ书ԭͲˣʧ, ﻹ̵Уʮб㱻С
ӣ֪, ʱǺΣ¶±, бʵ
л˵ҧ, һŻա
, ¹ѹɤ, ҲģСѾͷҵĻ, װ°, в
һ˵⻰һ褵仯𽥰ڳϺ󣬷˵Ȼ˵, , ȫҲһ, Ѿͷҵ, ɱ
԰, ¿, ЦЦ, 𣿡
ſ褵
ЩӲ
ӣ˵гġƤЦⲻЦ
ʧŭ񺭵Ŀ⣬ɣȴ߽һ
硭ζӳ£з顣
֪ⲻĻҲ뿴龰
ĥĥߴߴˣҲ֪⻹⣬ڳ񺭾ϵĽ˰磬褵ѾͷҪǲҪ
ֻ֪ɱ¹֣ǷҸף۷΢죬ʡ
ºٺһЦȴ˵
˸ңǲ㱳ˣΪ¹Ҹ褵Щ״δ˵ʲôΪֱڣԾɲϰ֣
ΪΣЦؿһ۳񺭣еǡծӳҲϰأ
㲻Ҫ˵񺭳ҭҴûҪ㣬ûУ
褲ԣ۽Ƴһ۳񺭱ڵصǰѽ˲Ŀʼնų¡ˣγݲüġ
ڨڨһЦ˱ΣƵһԣӭ褽С
½δԴڡһ̣ȴˣһһն̩ɽֻǿϢǣס£ȴʤ
ȼһ˿ϣٽǰлȵ²ò˺ݲԶ
褱׷ֻͣ½ŲƬ̣ȻڣţΪΡ
˵ʲô۲άŻƽȣʵ
ԣֻΪΪҪ㣿褲ֻǵͷȻʵ
ǡ˵Щ㾿ţǲţ񺭵Ĵͷף׹֮Уԭأˣжлɣ㲻šţȴȫȻҵİΣ֡ǲϣɱң
һľȻҡͷȴҿ
ˡòĹ⣬ٴϨ𣬻ĬĬʱ·ȥ
ԶĽŲ˫ͫȻһתȥԶдʹԥȴδ׷ϣͬٶȵĲĬĬϡ
ɣȴٳٲ£·ھ·ǣҪͣ
صУ񺭼·߱һʳ˽ȥſ¡ԶԶܼӿ˲߽ʳɨһۣҵ֮ǰ泤¡
λ͹ҪʲôõĻӭ
⣬ܳԾС񺭵
ǣλмɿڣʡ
ҡͷ
⡣褷½
ƵͷӦ¡
񺭷·˶סƵģĿʼնǵļѺۣӶһ
񺭡褿ڣȴһƬհףΣ벻˵ʲôֻñ졣
ǰ˵Һʹǰһ񺭳ĬãȻ˵ǣܸоõˡ
褲Ծסȴ˵
ǰңй⡣ȴƽˮ޲񺭵
Ծɲԡ
Ҫ㿴ˣԻչңȴҲ⣬ѯʡֵ
΢΢ͷ
͵ϮܣȴֻԼв˵һ䣬ȴȻƽ
湫ӣصٳٺһˣҲ֮١񺭵㲻ҡУûˡ
񺭣Ҳǡ
ıˡ˵⻰Ȼ
۽޲ᣬԼֲȥָƽ漴̧۳һ˫д㵣ȻЦҡͷʵûҾʲôأ
΢΢һ
常ζжҲվҵɱˣΪкβɣ񺭿Ц˺㣬ɶڵġ
ĸ֣ҧ˵šʼգĿʼ褶ӣûаɡ
ſڣ˼׷ͷ
ǸǽԺ粻ֲܿĹŹӣʲôأ񺭼˵С£СսսұͲ䣬Ϊηǵù˼˼ҵĳ޶һߣ
ü΢
ڴϣҽԲ˼ԷܣҲǻǷɫȻȴʮּᶨ˵ˣʮ֮֮Ũ⣬ֻΪ̫꣬ˡһ£ұ˴˲¼ɣͬУô·ôߵȥ

ԣ
ŰһԸcpǣ


276 . 겻
¥, ͷտա
֮ʣǰҹδͬޡ
Űյ£һҹδ, Ծû˼, 糿, ϰߣ˳񺭵ķ, ȴδκλӦ
һ˿ԤУƿŲ鿴, ֻпտҲ, һˡ
񺭡褼æת¥ڻѯ, ȴûһ˵뿪»̻, ޼ƿʩ, ʰװ㱼⣬ĴѰ
üʱȥ, ûκν
Ȼ, ʹ֣Ծؿڣȥ, ǰһ, ʧ֪
جج, Ҳ֪Լ˯˶, ȵ, ȻһҲ֮, Իһλҽʦ, ҩҩ
üͷҪ˵ȴűƿ߽һ޷ǡ
ô㣿Ȼ
ôˣ޷ûתҽʦʵ
ģԼӵͺáҽʦҩ򵥰ϲǰݸ޷ǣ
޷һԲӹҩֶ褻תҪߡ
л㣡褷齣ס
ʲô޷ǵ˵ţ΢΢ƫͷֻɨһۣѸת˻ȥش㣬㲻Ҳһɣ
ԣһʱΣ̾һͷһʱ嶯̽Բס
ԲסĲң޷Ŀҽʦ߳ţתţޱ褣
ֻȷϼ£褵񺭵
˵һ޳롣޷ǵ
ҸǷ񡭡
Ѧвɱ˳¹޷ǵΪΣֻԵɣ¹ΪŮߡ
˻棿褵ɴ˫ۡ
棬ڴ£Ѧ֮仹޷ǵΪһЩ⣬ѱˡ
Ȼ
ʵҲã½޷ǵϾҲΪ֮£ѦãȴѦ˰ºвɱ¹ڹģ˺¡
ԣ߬ȭ޴㷢ֻǿ
ҿϢ鸡书ûãΪβΤ޷ʵ
Ҳ֪ΣպʱʦĿȻ˵
޷⻰һͷת߳š
Żȣߵǰңڹ̨ǰһֻ֣ҽʦ㼴ǰʵĲ𣿡
뿴ϻ˵ôأ᲻²ңӯӯһЦôûˣ
õúܣˡ޷һ褵֣ɫ
ңһЦ㻹ϻһأ
Ҳüǵ𣿡޷üʣʲôʸΪ˼ʵʹ㣿Ҫ½ŷϣһ
˺ˣҪңһ첲ҡҡķӦ֮飬ûʲô˵ͨġ
޷Ǽ˴ȣ¸Ƕ褵оеʼüͷչȴֲ֪˵ʲô֮£ֻתȥңҽʦʵôõʲôëɣ
ҽʦҡҡͷɿ֣ϡ棬õúܣȫܹ˵ˡ
棿޷ǽŽɡ
⻹м٣ҽʦ˵꣬ת˿ȥ
޷ǶҽʦıӰʧüԾһңˣ˫֣ü࣬Ȼ˶ûˣҲˣǲӦͻΤǰ
ֲûȣȥ޷ǵ
ͲǺһ뿪ģȴֻʣһˣһ
ٳˡ褵Ļ
޷ʶңڻС
ģˡо⣬ֹңؾʩǸ
ͬǲʲôˣңʵ
һʱҲ˵ףˣҪ褵ԾδҪȡҵ񺭡ģҸ׵£Ҳ׷ʲôֻܲǣѦ
ﲻ㣬ȥ˵ɡң
أȺ߳תһƧСͣ½Ų
䲻Ѧ᲻֣öۡң֣Ѿ˺ü档ٳٲһ㣬õġ
лѣü΢ֻǡ
ѻʯڵʵʲôˣֻᱻ޷ǵĻֱ˵ȫδ档
褲㶡
ң˿޷ǣһ˼ת褣ʵǺʱµģ
գּ䡣褵
Ҳ˵ܻûԶңһף
֪ҹǽ뿪ģһ˼Ȼɴ˫ۣѵ
пд򶷵ĺۼңʵ
褻ҡͷ
ӦǱߵģңϾ¶ŮѦһŹĴҿɣֳӡ
褵ͷ߳Сȴöߴ죬ͷȴ޷ȥöռĶڽ
öڵļͷϣһС㡣
޷΢΢üȡСչһصɴ˫ۣʦּ
дʲô褸æǰӹһֻϱдһС֡գ
˴󾪣һʱĬԡ޷ǵȷӦСҹһȴδκοӰ
ˣңǰ˵֣׷ϣҲܿӰӡ
δʦĳһλѣ޷˼дֻΪǰġ
˾ͽѰ˼ҿšƻ裬Ϧգ͸ϼ
޷ڴǰ͸ΧǽԶԶŸһԺǽ֮ӰȻ̾˿
㲻ǿűѧң˫ַ˫ϥͷʵ
ֻۣģ͵ʦ㲻㡣ԭڽ꣬Ҳ⿴һΡ޷һۣ
ã񽣷Σңʵ
ǰȷࡣ޷룬ͣϢ˵
ǵÿͬ˭ˡңݸвͣвء
ϾĶӣ޷˼ϧˡ
ϣܻԽԽõġңǰϣһ§סĲӣһôֲˡ
ֻ룬񽭺˥֮˭͡޷ü΢˼ǵ˳̣ɷչǻ㣬ǻãֻߡѦû˽ģԸͨǷܼ١񣬲ֻʣΨһĴɿ֧ţҪЩС⡣
۴С⡣Сڣɽ⣬ٳɶ࣬಻ңȺѰաѦݻٵЩˣпܳΪ񽭺˿ڶഫ񻰡
ôһ˵Ѧоԭ¡޷˼
ҵû𡣡ңԴĴδ⣬ҲܴСҵ뿪صʱˣɽŵĴ;˽Ӽþƽ뿪˱Ҷ࣬һϹǸ˸õѰˡ֮ţ˾춯صĴ£ÿ˵ܱ󣬾ЩصĴ
޷⻰ü΢΢һҲŲһ˼ãȻ̧۳г塣
ôҸʲôңЦʡ
󻳹ϵ£ͻȻԼ̫ˡ޷Ǽٱ߷б㼴Ũ㻹Ǻ
ҲΪң֪ݸЦԸ£ֻġ
Τ˵ĵаħ񽫣ұ룬ڶʮǰЩͽеʱֻζԴ£޷Цʡ
ҵûҵӣѦǰͷȰѽħ¸ˣ˷ͷңЦ
˵ǻǿϧˡ޷ҡͷЦ
⣬ɫ衣ǲӽɫգ뵳ұĳɫѪһȾ˲ơ

ԣ
޷ǣϱһҲȥǲܣҺ ȫĽһģôע ڣɽ⡣ϵǴ¡ 


277 . 綨īɫ
վǲ˶Դе, ȴδ׷顣
£ڽ޷ǣȻ, ƾһս, 罣, ֮
½ȴ㡣
޷ǲ֪ʱľ, ȥţױƾ١
ȥΤһǰ, ȥһ˺Ҷɽׯһǰ, Ϊܸɳһµʩͬһ, Ϊڲԫϱڼıʬ塣
лɲ, ҲСϾ, һﱻõСˣעкý
Ҷɽׯ, ѳ, Ҳ֪ܲʵʡ
겻ƴʱǰž׹䣬糱ķ紵Ƭ, һˮ, ء
ңĿڻ, ŽĽŲ, һҲ
Щ, һ, ѽ, վǰģΪ׵ıŵͬеλ̲õӰءվŶõʢһ־ˣ˵ȣзɺš̫ɵ뵥ڽʿ
СŮУòɣ˵˳̫ɣǸĺʮꡣ
ɫأĿɨܣδƼ޷ǵӰвԾ¶ɻ
ǵһսʱ޷˵֪һ顣
£кüɥǹĵ֮£ֱɣ²ǰŮӵľġ
ǰ˭˵СӴһ𣿡Ⱥ֮󴫳Сۣôûˣ
˭֪أû׼Ǳãָˡ
һǰһ˵ҵˣΪ
ˣңۣʵֶ쵽ˣԽԽ󡣡
ǲˣӰŭ
û£Ҳϡңƾʲô϶Ϊ
ʬ׵ĵˣ֣һɺŵŭ⣬дǸţǺξģ
Ҫɱ㣬Ͳȵ졣ңУǻûشңΪ϶Щ˿ΪǼҵĵ
ʹЩʽǿһ˸ѵǻܿɣ
ǧɽפءңһʽ֮һָȻʽУ
ˣ
͵رͳҲͼʽѵʹң΢Ц˵ʮСΪ֪ĺˣ㱾£ŸȡЦ
˴üһ
ŮƱ磡˵ݺָ
ҪֻɱˣʹЩûĹ˶ĿԵļ޻ô˫۾𣿡ң˭һúöԱһðƻַж׾ӡ
ԲģǰһϻǷɴʦ棬Ϊӵõһأûٱ㡣
˵һҵڶǵáңĿϵɲǣɱ⣬Ƿһȣһ࣬Ҳûˡ
ҩɾȣԣһӵϡ
޻δü˼ѱʦܼǰ
Ҳ֣ңƳһޣ쵶бɨȴδʹȫ
Ƴˮһءͦն񳾵⣬סԵӰأæ
ϻΪŮ鳤˴ƣû½Ůɲٵˡʢ˵Ӷλ¾ȵ˿޷ǣɱŪˡ
޻㱻ع˼һתһҧϽС
䲻֪ΣȴҲ֪֤ĵңһȥֵӰ٣һ˵򣬱Եˡ
עڵ潣⣬ϸˮ֮ɽ٣ū\͸ˮŲʵĹӰ硣
˾ϻؼң֣һࡣ֮УִԡңȻ߳ȴҲȫ޷սʤȻһ֣࣬һǧЮΣзɽ֮ƣֱǷ֮ƥС
ǸŮȺв֪˭пйһʥˮ֮ʹŮӱǡ
⻰۵׻ιһ˿Ի
Ҳǵڶμң֣Ҳʵţȴɹ֣ʲôʮͷͣ˴ı¡
δκŮӵǰ޹ˣߵϡӢţҪڴǿϧ
죬һңֵ׵У쳣䳹ƿɴ۹ǡ
ң˼˵ȴ޳ԹУҿڼҲԸɱˣ棬Ψһ޷ȵĵҲȳȵζƫƫõǹʼվԶǸǽƵȺסý
Ըңǿǿ֣ǲϣҪƿǽյĲɣҲˣԽԽʮǣƣΧ˳СҲƳһݵġ칭һ֧𻷼
ңüһȡµȴüѱѹס
֧ԾŽһߣǧһ֮ʣһǾļΪأ֮ɣ֪ȥĸ䡣
һϮ£ˮȾ͸ȴȻңԡ
޷ǣȻʽг͡
λ޷ֱָͦǰһ˵ȣɫȻ½֪Ϥɵʤĳ㲻һһо١ã٣а취ҳࡣԸң֮ڣ±ػһ˶Ĵ𸴡
蹫ӣǲ㡣һλ߳Ⱥ˫ָɫ˵Ůӣ˸߳գȴһʼֹ죬ʵڽΡ
滰ǶˣӰشȵ
³򣬸λһΪˡ޷ĿϿңһ˿սҲޡ
ز£ֻѻԽԽΨоѹǣҳѦ䣬ǽ;
蹫ӣ㵱治ǱŮƻǣŻУ֮в֪˭ڵʵ
޷̾˿ʣֹʩλһΡ
ңü΢Ťͷһۣʵ£Ĺ𣿡
޷΢΢һ㶡
ңоȻȥȻջ񳾣˫ȭݳ־̬ܵ
޷ǲ첻ѣ㡭
㡣ңĿ⵭Ȼ˵һҲãǰģҲгԣʱҳ
ǡ޷д㵣һ
ŻǽŵķΧȻɳ˵𾪲ѣһʱ׷ײ²ǲˣʲôС
СŮڴʲô⣿ζһŽɵ治ٷ
ôɱѵҪֶػأңЦҲ̫Լˡ
㡭ɫףһʱ˵
ô˿̣ڳ˽ѱܵûʪ͸˭ҲԸڴ˹ൢʱ
ǺãѺȥʢǰһŮ书̫ߣֻ¡
ݺƵʵ
üشȴ޷ǵղŵĻ𣿷Ŷ֣ɱģ˭ס
ǿɲһӰ˵ţ㼴תޣʦ֣ٳǰŲǸһƿ
޷üһסң뿪ȴڵϵͷмһ磬ȵò˿ٻͷȴңѶһˣֳһѱ񳾶ЩּƵĵ
΢
СӣҾ˵㲻ǺöҪ΢ᵶֱָ޷ǣŭȵ
޷ǶپٿĪ磺̣ҡ
㲻˵ˣ֪ɵѾͷ㣬ҪԴ΢ŭԽȼԽᵶֱָ޷ǵݺ㲻άգҪǷǲֵĻ˶ôûɱ㣿԰գ


278 . 
һɵ, 㲻֪ô¡޷Ӧ죬޷ֻ˺󣬲, ݲǰ, һס΢, ŤͷʵǺˣ
޷룬ȻԼһǰ׳ˡ
Ⱦ, ν͵أ
޵ػ΢м޷ǳң, ֵʽ, һһ׺ݣȡ
ˡңǰһ, Ҫ, ȴӵĸΧס, һʱ޷ԡ
, 纮ӿ, кں͵ķϡңȺ֮УԾɣѸӰ, , ޺, , ڶ,
޷΢, δ޾Ҿ, ֻþٽӭԭͲ񾫽տɱȡֻ΢׻ңĳҲֻΪн֮ơ
΢䲻⣬ȴûֵ˼
蹫ӣܸÿŮĿ˰ɣȺв֪˭Ⱦϲ⣬ЫĳŮˣֵһ٣ٶ̻
޷ң۵ײԾ˼ɫȻ΢Ȼͷֻ룬عһƣҲ˾˰벽
΢ŭ⣬¶˱ԣȡˡ
ңͷ۲ѣδ⵶ֻܺϵʣʹϡաƣȺ˺һӣݲԾͼ΢ȴ޵İ֣ٽ񵲿
ңһ㶣ٻعȺУֻˡ
ʢڳ֮£ȷڴʱ֮ڡҧҧְѻ˻ȥȻһ̧ۣȴ޷Ƕʹ˸ɫ
Щ˵ɫ
̣ʲôǸ㣬ң˳΢ߺɽڣûա
΢⻰üٿһ
Ҫ˻ҵľУȡ޷ͷȷǼ¡οתŲڣеʱڣѲԼ֣ԸȻЩ
οûʹȫ
Ҳ֪ǻ˼˳ս֣ңһһ󷿶зɳ۶ȥ
޷ԶԶŶ˱ӰʧҵļУ°˿
û°ɣ޷ǵĸ첲ҿ˰죬¶ŵɫôãղǡ
ֲͬһ·ˡ޷˵ţתҪߡ
߿һıӰҡͷǵӢܣħϡϧϧ
㲻ߣ׷޷ǣһ㡣
ʲô޷ǻͷüʵ
ſڣŤͷһЩվкѹѹһƬͷһɤӣٹ£նϲ֮գľˣź
ʲô޷Ҫܾȴ۵ƺʲôɨһˣһĬ˵ͷ̧֣һ롱ơ
С
΢ңܿ뿪Ұ䡣
΢첽ߣ˿ңϵĺ
̣ң첽ǰȥ΢ǰЩ쾿ȥˣǰ˵㣬ѵ
ôչ˵ģ΢ͣ½Ųɫûˣ𣿡
˵ȥˣңҡͷѹûЩֻǡ
㣬Сӳ㣬Ϊβɱ΢ʵ
ûСңҡͷˡ
᣿΢ЦΪζЩ˿
ҵһЩţܹ֤ףңֻû鵽Ѧ䣬гŻᡭ
Щ˺ɣ΢ŭɫʢ
ʱҪǺˣպ󲻾͸𣿡ңҲд
ң΢֣̯ϡ
ûϡңЩţ½޷ǵģһֱܡ
ǡ΢ָңָֹһҲޣǸ½½ʲô˭
޷ǵףң˵ʵǶһֱᡣӢǰ׷ĸףȴδӺһֱΪĸ֤׶ЩţҲת½ġ
ȵȣСӲĶ𣿡΢¶ɻ󣬡ôֶ˸½ģ
ĸǰӢ½ңΪ֪̫࣬ѦˣŻй¸ҡ
߰㡣΢ûزңӣǰȥ
ộңʵЩȥ˺δ
𣿡΢Ƴһۣչ˵ﶼס
ڱܿ𣿡ңʵ
ϣϵͨͨ΢֮Աǡ
ǡǰҲ
ģֻˣ΢Сӣô࣬Ҫס
𣿡ңȻ۲Ϊ˲ǰ
㡭΢˹
˵ʲô𣿡ң⡣
Ѿͷǡ΢˵ת̤һŢ߿
ңҲֻǾ
üȥҲ졣סͣɢɫҲ
㲻µĺӣҲ΢Ȼڡ
㣿ңüһʶɽˣ
һѾͷ̽ټֵܸϣ΢СѾͷ̫ɵ˳ɺŵ׷ţɽҰҴܣպñײ
ңʱüôҲ
˵Ҳȥɽַ΢ôʧء
ҡǰЩҵɲڣң
ʲô΢һ㶣أ
ˣңɲ渵ĩˣҡͷ̾ѦƵúܽߵһʵΡ
ҪΪĻ治֪ʲôӿɽ⡣΢鲻쳣ֻ̼Ѩλҽ
ңԵͷüʼղչ
ˣľѣľ֮ȡ˸µ֡
ϻǸɽȣ潧һϼܡ
¹Եʣɽˮδɢ⣬ɽ֮仭һѤĲʺ硣
΢ңɽȺ󣬱߿һֻһٻӰ
ңǰ۵׻ιһ˿㵡ϲǰסϰ죬ֹס
ˡСңҺġҭֹ
ңۿ죬һԲֽӵ
ɽԺܶ㲻Ĵţû뵽ۡԲ𡭡ұ׺úչġ
˵ʲôɵң΢΢棬ᶼ˻ȥû£ҲǺö˶վǰ𣿡
СңĨ˰ᣬɿ§ֱ֣˫Ŀ˵ʵ޴ȥǿ͵͵ɽҸû˵ĵطҲܱ㡣
õġңοЦһоͿˣ£Ӧн
ģɵޣ޷ǶԸ˵ĳŵҲᶨһܹŵ
˵Ķ𣿿Ϊɫôʵ
˵ңôɽˣ
ҷʦȥţ˵¡ҧҧĿڣҡͷૣ֪жൣ㡭
ⶼ࣬ҪǰȥҲڡңߵһԵСϪ£
Ϊʲô˵㱻ƭˣߵңԣ蹫ȥˣҼǵãǰͬɽʱ
ȥˡңоܣЩҲ˲Ը»ܽøһЩ
Ѧ񣬵ǿɺޣüͷ˳Ӣۺܣȴ¡
Ҫɽһ⣬Ҳ֪ϻˡңԾ̾
˵꣬תʵأΪһɽģӦʦٿң㣬ʳԣ
аգΡ
ɽ֣ǣ޹أȴ޶˰У
׻Ƕʧˡ
ΪҪɽˡ⼸һֱڸβҲ֪ʱá
ңҡͷԣüĽգ˼
տʣˮɢ쵵ɫ֮ʧӰ١

ԣ
΢ɫضУʵҲûʲôǹ˕FˣѦʩ оʱû̶һÿͬһʱ䷢ˣعʾͻֵͣûһʱ䷴ÿ춼̶ʱ㷢ģعʻһЩ


279 . ǰ·
, ׷ƿᡣ
ҹšžӰĿͷϢȷ϶˶˯֮, Ų, ߵߵǼͷǰ, ߵš
ûڴ޷ĵĻ
һɣ, ƿš
ڵƻδϨ޷, δЪ, ˫ĿأŶѨλ, Ϣ
ҼǵԭȲôˡ޷ǻδ, Ȼһ, ۳˵, , ǽëƺͲĹ
ô޿ż˫ţ
ǵҲ, ޷ǵȻЦ, ֻЩִ̫, ǵһֱɽ²ſϰݡҲ֪Ǵĵùͷ, ű俪ʼ, ûһ찲ӡ˵, һϵĲ, ˮһյޡ
޲ߵǰ¡
ʲô𣿡޷ǵ
ǲ֪ɱ˭ʵ
ֻǲ²⣬ȷ޷һ˼
ʵһֱұ棬ͬﵽôʶģ޵ǲһʼ֪ݣ书ôߣһʼ͸òµǷףǼ򵥵һ仰ڹȥ
Һʱ֪Ҫ𣿡޷Цʣɫζ
ôһʱηָָԣˡҪô˵ᱻƽȥ
޷ԣҡͷһЦȴ˵
ȷһǷ£޸п㱻ָΪħŹ¡ݣ鷳һۣǸ˶ѧı㣬ˡ
޷һЦԾɲԡ
ǣ²Ϊܵиװɣ޵ɱ£ǰЩӣǵȷǴ̽иСľˮ㡯Ĺˣƣ˵书δǷ켫֮ҪǶ֪ĵô䵽Ѧׯ
ֻΣأ޷ʵ
⡭ǲ񣬡޵Ҷϰ֮ˣԡ޵һ޵ڶϸĹ򣬽ֻ֮ѧƤëҲѰ书ΪǿҿٶԷǸõ֮ˣܷµó˿ڣ޻
ҵǲˡ޷չյŴ·ΪΪһʼôдʣЩģһ鷳
Ҿͬ㲻һˣ޵þ罣ˣΪ˸˵ö֮ġŮԵ㣴ˣ뾭ѵ֮¡ûЩ˱ͺô˵㣿ѽԸͬ˶һҲڱָժ
ˣ޷Ц⣬ĿƽҲȫҸ¡
Ϊʲô
޷Ǵ΢ҡͷ
Щ˵ʱ
üͷǰϸϸһ飬ſڣȴʲôҲû˵תȥ
֡޷վ󻽵ȻҪʵĶˣڿ˰ɣ
ǰӦһ˵ҪϯնĻ񡣵ȵգҲ˵㲻ڣҪ˵Ұѣںεذͣ½Ųͷ
Ҳԡ޷΢΢ף˼Ƭ̣һʼֻΪѣȫ˵Ը
գ𣬳һЦ뿪
һ·̣ڴջƻصɽ޷ͬǰ̱㽫ȥ˵лʡȥȥʼ֮ͬ
ֻڳǰ޷ֶ˼ֽʱǰ㡣
ɽ䣬ϼպ죬ֽȥһƬҽ֮𣬹⻪ϴ
޷ǱڿͷǰԶ¹⣬ء
׷ѰԵȥ˽գԽԽӽ⡣ⱾǼϲ£ľȴʼ޷ɿ졣
Ѧֱ꣬ղðͷ󾿾ڲ߻ʲôһʱ֮Ҳ޷͸ֻֻǸʼĻʮǧ
ֻϣһвԼ̫࣬ԸһС
գճ
ԷԨ㶨˹أÿɼȥɽѲ飬ٷ⡣ǰЩ޲ڣֵİΣɻ½յ˴ִԺһձͱͬȥѲɽ
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޴ǰ˷һõ¬ʤ
кüˣֱͷ˿ڣƤⷭ𣬼ɼǣ۽գȴδȫԣʱʱʹĵ
æס˿ѨܡѪᱧҪɽϣȻתһ룬ȴֳˡ
˿ڣ뷽ʱܵһ£ôɽϣƱֻһµĲ²⡪ղŽ޷Ǵɽţձ㷢£
˼Ƭֻ̣Ƚ˱ɽţȡȪˮطι£漴һϥ£
ȵͷбȻһŤͷһ¬ʤ˹
㣬ǰüʵôʲô𣿡
ҡҲ֪¬ʤһ㶣漴ͷȥһҡͷһ
ʲô޼״㶵˭𣿡
Ǹҿ¬ʤĨһᣬͻȻ˵ޣʦ֣Һ¡
㡭βѣƼ˿ֲ֪ôο˰죬󱳣˵˺ˣȥˡʦأ¡
¬ʤ˺ðŻعҭɿ֣ǰһűʪĺۼȻֻ˫ַŵȥֻʽ͵ʦҡҲǹģûб˼ǡ
ȱ𼱣ǰἣҡҡͷֱ˫ĿɫʵҾ֪ǰ˭㣿Ϊλɽ
ҡҾΪЩ죬õѲɽóˣ̫ζͬʦʾɽߣ˭֪ûɽž͡¬ʤƲƲ죬ίŮǳô¶ˣɱˡ
ȷңµ֣üһ
Ǹеģ¬ʤѱ°
еģüͷøˡ
Ѱ֮£һֱֻǼõĵ֪δ֪ӣˡ
ǡ棬㶨Ҳ˼Ƭ̣к⣬˿Ͷ󣿡
˵ˣô֪¬ʤƲƲ죬
棬Ҳ¶ֺͰƤǷޣܿɣ޼ʵ
֣¬ʤãȻܿʲôѽֻܿǸеġŶ˵壬ƣ࡭
Ͳ͡򣬲Сѵ¡
ʦ֣˵ʲôѽ¬ʤ񲻽
ûʲôްڰ֣ЩղҵЩʱٶԺγ˵һˡȴȥ˵ţ㼴¬ʤĸ첲ͼ
Ȼ¬ʤԭ书ƽƽصĵˣȫ᲻һֵȥ
㶣ɣȵȣȥʦ԰գ㼴תȥ
ʦ֣¡¬ʤĻſǻ
ܿͻˡްڰ֣

ԣ
ģ޲
ǸƷɵӣ ҲŲ½ո飡


280 . ƹɽ
ɽ, ³
޷ڿͷͭյͿվˣӲ˲о
ʱ, һ˹
޷Ƿ, ǰ, ½վ⣬һ, ô㣿
½ղԣݺ, ǻ˿, ȷ˺󣬷СϷš
һٶ, ͬһ㡣޷Ǽ, Ծ˺һ, ʵôˣ
紫ϢǸľˮ, Ѿˡ½ֱ˫Ŀ, ˵뿴˰ʬ˻˭֪˰·, ʬױظ, ˺ܶһ㡣
𣿡޷Ц, ⵹е˼
, һ㶼ģ½һ, , , ʬǸģ˵֤֤ޣȻЦó
֪˶𣿡޷ǲŲæʵ
࣬γֻ֪Ǽõĵӣ˳ޡѲɽҲ֪ȥĸ깣ڶûûü½˵
޷һףһüҡҡͷҲνˣծһ֪Ҳû塣
ʵһֱãԴµ̬ȣʮֹŹ֡½յɫȻ࣬ǰʦ£ҲԸţһ·ң๫ˣһ㷨ӣԴУôһֱƯ޶ҲΪԼһ䣿
Ŷ޷ǵһЦҾ֪½Ů˽ҡ
̸ϣֻǾùŹ֡½ֱ˫Ŀ֣ʵһ⣬ֻشǻǡ
޷΢΢üȴ𻰡
˳̵Ѧ۽ǲǸ봫еģȻ죬Ǹͷβαӣ½ʵ
޷ھȣܵɴ˫ִۣæǰǸĵģݼŵǱ½ղˡ
˽ԷѦΪ⽭ףصĴ㱻ڴõ˼䣬ҲһֱΪ©֮㣬ֻλѦׯһ裬ű˿Ʋỳɵͷϡ
½ղͬ仹̸Ǹ뾭ѵ֮ˣ֮ʣ˶£Щѭ״ʿȻͬ˵ȻһֱΪʦҲΪһ˽һнԼءôѦ㣬Լδֻǻ˿ڶഫе翵ġΪβǸ޳Сˣ
ˣ½ջȻ򣬵ָǸǡ
½Ů˵޷ǿѹͷ˵ĳ嶯ƽ˵
㲻װˣܲµõ½Ŀ¶ģ˶һԡһܶԳ˵˱̹ԣڡ
˵޷۾ɵøˣɻʵΪҪǰң
ΪĳЩ˳ǰҪŸ߸ϵ̬ϻΪҷ䣬ʧڻԴҪƢѧͻһЩƽһЩ
ô˵޷һ˲ͷȷʵ˵óĻȻˣΪλҪӦ޸
һ£ȫ¶֪Һ£һܵõɣ½˵Ҳֻ˵˵ֲͬҶ֣ʲôҼ޵ġ
ﻳԹܲǳ֮ơ޷ǵʲô£ܵ˵á
˵⻰Ȼüͷ½˹ȥţչĿɽҰ
һˡ
ôˣ½ռ˾٣ʵ
ˣ޷ҡҡͷʱˣûб£㻹Щȥɡôȥ
ˣ˸㡣½ձ뿪ȴһ㣬ͷ˵Ͻʱܷɽ
ҪߣҲûסҡ޷Ǵ΢
Ǿò½˵ţ㼴Զ
δֱӻطȥ⣬ȻõţδӦ
ޣʲôʱ˯ȥˣ½ղɷ˵ƿţȴڿտҲ˵ˣֻҲûС
ʲô½üͷⶼʲôʱˣû
֪޲ûлǻһˣ뿪ˡ
ԭ˵¬ʤŮбΪ㣬㽫ɽɽѰ½һȥˣɵ½ǰȴûҼ
ŴͬңҲЩȥ޷һ˭֪ߵ⣬պñ½Ǿ䡰һܶԳ˵˱̹
ͷģҲûһû
޷书ߣ֮Ȼû˵䣬ˡ޾ݲȥ;½յĻԽ߷ߣ뵽ȥѰѾͷΪβȥʦ㡣
ȻǶȥͬ˱ԹԼһӻ
ɾô¬ʤɽһҹҲǸ¡֮ìܣһȨ֮£ۻɽȰ˴ɽš
¹⣬ھ׵ҹͿϵɽʱȻǰæǿҶݲǰƳһ˾ٵ¬ʤ
¬ʤ񺧵ûʧɫͼȴá
޼̰νʣǰ˵⣬һһ˲ǰ֮ˣߴ󣬲΢ֱ࣬ϹݺᣬŴССĺɫߵ㣬˵Ҳ˻ͣȻǲʮµ¡
бҲһᵶֿȴװ·⣬񳾴
㵽˭ΪҪŵӣݲɴ̣һδϣһתն䡣
ԷƺѾǰһթᵶһܣ޽СͣúܣһתüУüâ˷
޴󾪣˾Ƿ֮ȴôҲ벻ڲ淽µˣǵĵпסԪ㡣
Ԫ㲻֪ǷܹϳԼҲ֪ȷ¬ʤСɫҲڡۡĵ֮£ͼ֮ıʤؽ
Ͼǵ˿õżѡ
֮תŲڣռ·磬Ļػм֮¬ʤ֧穡֪ȡʤֻݲ£зͷն䣬ȫ޷أɱһʽ˶ԪΣ˿¬ʤһ
ΣϾ˼Ůֻһ¬ʤڼͷݲӿȴĶԪ㷢һХ
ͬĺˣּԾ𣬳
⡭ͫ׼һֻúὣɨ
âӰһֿ¬ʤһִӭУȴЩֵĹ֮
书䲻Ԫ㣬ҲѰ֮غгڶԷü˼硢˺ۣЩȴƺ֪ʹΪ͸ǣҲɺֱײ·Ҫһ㡣
ʣȴ޴ӽֻþһɴȴոף򢻹źü⣬ֱҲһķʱ죬ɢ޹⣬ϰ֮ˡ
ɻţȴ⼸ආ׵̵أһʹȥ
ѵǿ䣿ͷӿһ²⣬Ȼ뼰˴һ̧ۣǰһ󾢷æ󳷣ȴһ̤գϵ¬ʤҲ˳ȥ
ǰ֮Ǹɸߵб£б·պӡۼֿ죬µʱʱסһסΡմҶ࣬֡ȡʹֹ·ͷҪɢƵġ
¬ʤûôˣԭˣɽº󣬲Һһ˺

ԣ
⼸£ҿſҪ ǿƾ޴ƾҪдҲǴⱨӦ


281 . ȥ
޲ϸ, ֻˮϰ̫أһϢʮ˥΢, »ԲѻǺһˮ, ֻƲŮ, ˫ֽѹǻǺȥˮ³, ֽĹЩ
¬ʤҲ䲻֪ȥһ룬¶һС, ·ˮ͸, ϡļ࿴۶, ǹҲ, δ̫ͬ, ְûԼƫڴ˿½, ˼ֵľء
εһ, һԣֵ¬ʤˮº뼡ǣȥѰЩ֦
¹ǳ, ӯˮ
ǰعɽһ, кüӶ, Ҳδ֮Ķ, ΨŲ˵½վ, , ɽѰˡ
Ȼ˺ҹ, ڱɫƾһյ谵ĵʵղ·½Ѱ˴ϣתɽͷδҼˣѰ˼߲·պ˻ȥ
ȥ޷￴ʵھƣϴ˰ѶԸֱӱ㵹ͷ˯ȥһֱ⡣
ֱһ󼱴ٵѡ
½Ժ۾ǰţûǰΣ㱻һ˹ȥʦȥǰɽʦǼ˼˻
ʲôѽ½ջδعζ㱻ϳţһ·Ƶǰɽ
ۼڴ˼ģкʮͬӣԼǰձӲ롱ɽ޷ǡĵϣΧżӵɽֻŵرһš
Źֵǣÿɽ϶в̶ͬȵĽˣ·ŵĽ
⡭ô£½һãȻ¡
ʦһȥѲɽͼ⼸ˣȶǻԲѣ·Լ۾˼仭治ţֱӣɵתȥʲô˵ֻ֪Ằۡ
ǡһʼ⸱ģ½㶵˵ȣҲڡ˵ţҲȥһԡ
޷΢΢üһ֧ڱǼ⣬ϸżɽ˼
½ɨһ۴üأ
ղȥпڡ˵ʦѾȥˡ
֪£蹫ο꼸չĵӶȻŤͷ޷ǡ
ң޷ҡͷΪȻЦǲ˵ˣЩϵ˿ڣŵ֮𣿹Һ£
ſڣһʱ
ʵڲҵð޷ǹһֵֻǣЩ¶ڡ
ȷɵĺܣ޷̹ȻЦһɽ㷢Щ£ͺЩֻҴһ˵׼ҾǸֵǣ˭һմң׼õù
⡭֪ζԴֻʦͶȥεĿ⡣
ҡͷĿ䣺ֻ˹Ҫ蹫ӣԴ֡ò
ˣҲô롣޷ǵһЦ
ϣȥҹޣûп½˼˳ǣ˵ҹعӷ
ǵǻˣûȻʵ
ҪûҲΣգ޷ü΢öɼȥҡ
ǣЩˣţҲûһ书ʦ֣ׯ˵ŶȥѰ
˭˵ûУ̲סֱ棬ʦ㲻ͬ𣿡
ڲ˵ʱ򣬡½հµ֣ҡҡͷת޷ǵɷ蹫Ӱæͬǰȥѳһ
޷һףȻͬ⡣
һ˿ɣŤͷȴ˵ͷ
½ջطľװ߳ͬԺе޷һȥɽ䡣
ڶ˽ɽͬʱɽµ£˯ŵͻȻһУʱѹ
Ťͷһֻ¬ʤ˫ֽؿڣŭǷ߽ӣס㡭ˣ
ô£ҡ¬ʤԼѣǻԣ㡭ôԡ
ʲôңҾ㰡޹㲻ǵǸ𣿡
ǵáǵô¬ʤҾιȥˣֻǵˮ
˵⻰Ȼ㶣ȥʵҵˮԺ£ͶǵˡһǺ˺öˮʦô
޺
ѵ¬ʤͨ죬־߷ߣ־ί±˫ϥ
ԲסԲסǸȴ֪ǺãҲãʵΪ
˵Ҫȥ½ʦ𣿡¬ʤҭʦء
޸Ӳ֪˵ʲôˡ
ܲ˵ҹȥұ߿࣬һͨԹһڣԵԼث֡
ѽҲաҡҡͷҾǸԸܵƥ򡣡
ôأ¬ʤѣҡͷ˵ҾʦһֱǷ⣬صӢۺܣҪΪϻλϵ·˱䣬ڵţһʦ㡣
ԣһ㶡
ǳϵӣͬദҲǢŮ֮ݲ죬ЩӴ϶ʦãҲֻ½¶ˡѾͷǲԣһһǿû˭˵ֳݸеԴǡ
է⻰ЩнȴԾһ˿⡣
ǡЩӣʦֺ½ʦҪˡ¬ʤ񻷱˫ϥһţС
˵ʲôû˵Ļһ
ûʲô¬ʤ񾪻ʧرܿĿ⣬ҡҡͷ˵˵ӣôȥ
⡭Ҳǰ취Ȼұɣ
ҡǡ¬ʤѣͷȥɬص˵ͷ

ԣ
߹ƽԴÿһŮԽɫ
ǷŮԽɫʼί
ϲҪ˵ù


282 . ̺
ɽ, ȺΡ룬Ĺкּ, ò⡣
½һǰ, һ泶Ѱ˶ߵӲ, ڵϣɫԽѿ
ǵ, ޷Ǽģɺ
֪½û, Ѳɽ߶, ûô׵ˡ
޷ԣҡͷһЦ, ȴ˵
˵, ᲻ϻɱǸˣ½պȻ, Ťͷ۵, о֡
޷ǲ
ó, ½ޣȴǼǹŵġ
֪Ѧ˵ľƻʵ޷½һİĴ𸴡
ǡĻʹ֮˵ļƻ㵽֪٣½ʡ
˵ǡһŲ֪޷ǵͷ̾˿, , , ҲۼҪ֮ɥ֡
Ҫ½һ, δ˵ŵϢ, ѵ
޷ǵ
½һ㶣ǻ˭Ҫң, е
Ҫˡ޷ҡͷ, ͷزȴ¶ֻܹɵӣйһжѲڣ˵ʲôûˡ
½ռ죬δ׷ȥǼǰȥ
ʱһȥּ䣬ƳɽᶣĮĮޱ޼ʡ
ԶԶһˮ߽һһСӡ½ۼ⣬һ۱Ƴ˱ˮϰİ䣬һüͷǡɽŮӵķƣϱ߻Ѫ
˭뿪ɽ𣿡޷ʵ
񡭡Ҳʤһˣмʦɽվܻ½˼ĪҲΣգ
Ĵҿ޷ǴƿغһӣһյĹ򣬱ںӶ԰µ·ĺۼ
ѵԼҹֻȥˣ½յͷ˿ϵӡͻȻסһһˡ
޷Ǹ۲㼣üĺһ壺ǸȽˣԼ߻صġ
ûпǱ˰ˣ½ɫ䣬УҵøϽɽ߳ϡ
ˣ޷㶵
ôˣҪû£ԼҲȥˡʦֲҲɽû׼ϡ½˵ʤ书ãһҪӺ⿿ԼӶӲ԰գɽ·ȥ
޷һıӰ֪˵ʲôá
½УһɽѰˣ۷ֻøŻȥ˭֪һɽţƼӳ½ոߺ½ʦ㣬ʦǶˡ
ʲôˣ½ǰҪϣʤ
ʦҲ֪ʤ˵£ׯˡѵ;Ѿ𣿡
ʲô߰ģ½һͷˮ
һԵĹڰ֣һʱǰʦֱʤɽ˵ɽϮˣ˵ƲƣǸʹᵶˣԸʤõʽҲ뵱ϵ˿һģһҰ
ô£޷һ⻰̴ǰȥǿ˭𣿡
ʦ˵Ǹеģ٣Сʮꡣׯһۣγ˵ˣҲǣ蹫
γںδ޷ʵ
һۣƵģȥ˺ɽǰ㼴ȥ
޷Ǽڣһ˼ߵߵ
蹫Ļڴ˳
޷ƿţżںǰͣ½Ų
蹫֪Ǻ֡ɫζ
޷ǼȲͷҲҡͷֻƽ˫ĿһԲ
ǲΣǲ˵ʵ
߼С޷̹Ȼ
һȷ£̾ںĳһֱ蹫ӾЩСеġ˹İ࡯Ȼ˵Ǳˡ
޷ǱΪ񻹻׷һ䣬ȴ룬ֻǼ򵥵һ䡰ˡ
˵Ī塣ֻǣţвڽ㡣
޷ü΢΢һ
ձǳնڣʱ蹫ӱɽˡЦݷͰȥ·ңء
л޷ǹֹʩ
޷ǰݼ½Ҳ̸ȥ¬ʤУżպƼ޴ҽʦнӹҩݸ¬ʤ龰
û°ɡ½հ޼ͷϸһһҲûüüôôݣ
Ҿûһû޲
Դҩûкɫ½հһۣת¬ʤ񣬹ʵ㻹ðɣ˵𣿡
û¡¬ʤ񾪻̵ͷҿ
ڷ½սŴ޵ʱ¬ʤҲԾڶŶ˿½մִֽţ֪ľЩ
ʱ򣬻ǲҪɽĺá½ڴߣ¬ʤ֣ĵͱˣɽôȤҲȶǿ
֪ˡ¬ʤ򴽣
ȻֻǶһûޱ
쵽ô£Ҳ˳𣿡½ջ޵㻹˼˵ô£ȴ˽ԴҲţˡ֪֪
˲𣿡ûҲ˳Ҳһյˡ
в½պݺݵһۣҪȴԻи˻ʶͷһ¬ʤ񣬼Ǵ뾪ֻ֣ǿѹͷŭת߳ȥ
ʦ֡ʦˡ¬ʤ㷲ǲǵȥ
ûвʱ򡣡޼ҩ첻ȣΪ죬˹Ҩһ״ݵ¬ʤߡ
¬ʤܳŵسһۡ
ôȣ޲
ȡȡ¬ʤæҩȥ
һͷ½ջصУԽԽûһȥÿµķš
ʦôˣ¼ɫ̵۵˭ˣ
ģ½ձһͷ裬֪ײʲôа
вֻʦ㣬⻰̸ͣ϶޵Ĵ
벻ͨ½Щӣڳﱸ£Ҳûͬܡ֪ôͷˡ
ǲٽڣֺˣĹĵǵϴη£˵ΪһֱҪ
ˣұû𣿡½Խ˵ԽǷϻ׹£õùͳԩˡһû鷳ܸˣҵĴ
ǣµͷͣȴȻӦ½ʵͬ˵ʲôˣ
˵Ҷûɫ޲˲źá½յİۼ췭
ǲǷʲôˣ²ǰǶúõôԵ޹˵Ļ
½һԲ
ˣǲͬƽϣƲƲ죬½պ󱳣ο㣬϶ģ㣬ٺúһ١
ԼĪСգɽѰ޹ĳԨҲط¬ʤ̸ȥ̽ɺ󣬼򵥽һȥסɽиڡ
ҲԼУŸջϴѣˡɣ濪ţûǰ˭⵽ͷһͨʲôʦɽҰ죬ô
ң㶵ʱ£
ͽ˵ûΣգص蹫ӰæͬһȥɽѰ㡣ºݺݵ
һ޷ǣ̱͵龰ɫ˲ҪŹϡ
ô£ţֲ£ûһȾȻ֨һһѷ
ۣŭ£˵ʦôϲԼû˵һֲ𣿡
㵽ô°ޣҪˣĸʦ𣿡
⻰ȥ˵꣬Ȼɿ˰ϵ֡
ŵջأЩˤſһסκ󣬷վֱӣżҪͬۡ
ʱ⴫һʵڱ𣿡
˫˫סһŤͷѭȥȴƼ޷վ⣬һȻǡ
ʲô°һۣ
ҲţǼ޷˵ţת߿
޼״üٿһǰסʵô뵽ͬնһȥɽң
ѲɽܰԼˣ˭ģ޷Ƿʵ
һʱƿԡ
ǳԴҩҧгݡ
ֻγ˵Щɽϵ˿ڳ֣֮޷ǿޣʵǶʱΣ
һ˼㽫ҹļʵ˵˳
ȷǿ䡭޷üͷૣôҲÿ䡭
ܴܲü
ûˡ޷ûᣬԱƹԶ


283 . ƿ
ҹ, ½˯ҹͻȻجξѣ, һ, ԽԽ, Ҳ˯ˣ쵽賿ʱ, ֽͷ˯, ת
½մ, ߳һҶû˵ĺۼ, һ, ȥµ, δӦ, ֵѲɽȥˡǶתת, ʹߵеӷײӭׯӰضˡ
ʦ㣬ɫòӰ˵վ, ģɲƯ
ʲôӡ½ޱѻ, أ
ȥ¬ʦ˰ɡӰͷ, ϼҩȥ, û
Լ˶û, ˼ܱˣ½յɴ, , ˵ôûôĹ
ʦ˵ﻰӰ˵嶼ʦ׳ʵˣĸִù㰡ҪչˣȻչЩʦð
ȥչ˲ͺ𣿡½շ˸ۣ¶⣬ҷ㣿
Ӱ⻰һׯû֨
½δᣬת˿ȥ
ȥ¬ʤǰһֻ¬ʤһڴϣҩһСһСڵš
Ҳûеڶˡ
½ʦ㣿¬ʤһ㼴Ц
Щ𣿡½պȻе¶ڡ
ҡûʲô£˵̫ءǵˡ¬ʤͷȥо⡣
û£Ҿ½̧ȿżû£Ϥ
ɽĻͦõģ㿴ЩޱһҰߵݽǻƿǰһԲ嵽ƿУŤͷ¬ʤ˵꣬⵽ﻹи½գһ㶡
ʲô½ðһ˿Ĳ֮Уȴ˵ΪΡ
ʤȽŲ㣬˵ȥ޲Ϊ˵ɽĻãȥժЩ
½ոЦڴ£̽̽¬ʤǰ¶ȣͷãֻˣûĴ󰭡
ȻʧԼȴȻ¬ʤҲûô£Ȼ½ִ֮£ΪǰĽδ㼴˵Ҫʦǳȥ߰ɡֲ󣬴þˣҲƵûš
ֲġ½ŹϰڷŵҩлӵļƿжԵҩﶼУüƿӶò࣬ɱŪˡõģҶ
лʦ㡣¬ʤһЦ
½գʲôΪβֱ˵ǰִŭȴԾɱźͺ֮⣬ǰ˵
ʲôܣҲҪҡ½Ȼ˵꣬㼴ƿ֣ת߳š
ôˣãֱӴϳŵ
½⻰Ų΢΢һ͡
ȴתĿ⣬һƿЩժҰ¬ʤʵʦãЩûкЩ
½ԣ߬ȭ
¬ʤʶͷҪƿеĻȴ˵ˣ㣬ֵشϡ޼״㼴ŻƿߵǰЦʣϲĶ䣿
ÿ¬ʤȡһ֧ɫҰǼᣬЦӯӯ
½û˵ֻ߿
ĻعŤͷ⣬Ȼ½Ӱ
ɻֻóǰִδ½ģ»ƿ뿪¬ʤУɽǰѰ߳غ󣬺һ
޴󾪣æˣȴ½ֳֳɫǰ
㷢ʲô裿΢¶ݡ
ٷϻ½պ޺޵Լ˵ԭлţΪҲŷھͱȱȣ˭ı¸ߡ԰գͦ
ⶼʱˣ㻹޼ģæܣָͼס棬ֹƣȴЩһȥָ
ŵʲôıɱ׷𣿡
㻹䣡½շݲһбɨ
ػعʮУԽԽ󣬽ĵӶ˹ЩʦֵܽûǶιϸһ½дΪɱ֮ƣҪ޵
Զںɽͷ޷Ҳ˵۴µĻЩӵĽŲ˲֮һ̣ס
ôˣ޷ƳҴҸ£㼴ǰʵ
ô֪ƲƲ죬ʦһҲ磬ʦ㳳һܣ϶ͷ
޷üֿһڲĶˣֻ˼⡣
ѽ·硣ԹƼСá
Ͼ˭Ҳţλ飬óΪһţɵʦ֣һŮˡ
½ղƣӰͱˡܿ㱻䣬޿ˡ
ն㵽ʲô޼ö˶˵ģˣΪҪ
˭ҪͬףҪ˻飡½һҧֱͦüġ
޷Ǽ״ȴ½гƣ糤գȴüֻ֮Ȼֹ
Ȼ˭Ҳ˭ߣЩ˶ϡ½սվԣᡣ԰գתȻ߿
ʦ㣡°׷ȥ

ԣ
׾סƿƿƿ˿ʯĥۡ ԳС˼Ůˡ ½ûģҲѡ˲ʵˡ


284 . 
½յ׷֮, ܿ㴫˺ʦͽΪϣҲǶ˵ʦ岮ǰȰ, ȴ½̬Ⱦʮּ, , ҲҪŻ¡
ҲһѻֻǰѻԹ, һͨͨйȻһǻƣȴ֪˭߲źá
˼ȥ, ͷǰ, ޷ǵķš
޷ǸŷƼһ, , ʵ𣿡
ҽȥƵһ, ȷ˺󣬱㲦޷ǵ߽, Լ˱ˮ, ҡͷп֪ûȤͲȥⶼʲô°
ôģ޷΢΢ü, ʵ
ô֪ʲô޷˸۵, α, ġ
, ܵиɣ޷һ¡
򣿡һ, ֪Լȴҹİ˷ﱧԹҵ𣿡
£޷һ㶡
, 㻹װ⣿ˢһվ, ǰҹǲǵ
޷һ㶣һ˼½ǰն˵ĻȻͷԭ컹͵֣ǽëǸĲˡ
һûأָ
鲻޷̹ȻЦ֪
ʲôһ㶣һʱֹҲû˭˵¡
ϢʱպȥѲɽһնû޷Ц⣬ͻȻСʬ˻;УͻȻٸãԱòǺγǶΪ½ͬ˵δ졣
ɸ㣬Ҳͬ˵һԶ׼
޷ǲɷЦ±ĪҲ֪𣿡
⡭
ʵ죬ȿҲ˳ۣһᵽЩìܡ޷ǵ㵽ʱɣֻһ롣
ҲóΪͻȻ𣬻Ҫ˻ɰ޵
͵ˣ޷һ̯Ϊǲڱ
һûɹʲô˼һ뻽ͬһȥʤô˵˲ЩҰʤͻ󣬾һֱչҲûͬն˵ʲôп
޷һֻϣһ⻰΢΢һͣŤͷʵ쿪ʼһֱ¬ʤ񣬴ûȥҹ½
԰޵ͷʲô𣿡
ôŮӣ˭㷽㣬ǵȥţ޷ü΢΢鴤һ¡
ΰûߵ£ʱ䣬ôˡдʣҪô²ܣɣ
ǡֻ޷ɿ΢΢㣬޿˺һˣ·ֻԶЩܸش
ʲôֻ޲
ǡչʱ½ȥҹ𣿡
ҹ޵˵ȥң˵ȥʤġػǰæҩɱȶҺõöࡣ
㻹ǣԼ𣿡޷ʵ
԰һʦ˵뿴ȥɽһѣϡ޵ҿͦϲġ
޷Ǻͷַۣ
ˣֱˡ
ôˣüɻʵֶ⾳أܲڻ˰ɣ
֡޷ǵͷ˼ãζͲãô𣿡
һ˭ԸⱻһѪֱ׳
Ͼ㼴ŵӣ޷ǵӣŮӴһܲ𣿡
ʤҲͬѣչҷڵ¡޵
㡭޷һʱĬ˰Σһָָֻ޵ıӣ֣ʵ˵λ¬ǲǶ˵ʲôݻĻ
⻰üһ˼Ƭ̣ͷȷС
ɾû֪֮ˡ޷飬վɫ˵ǵҹܲˡã½˻飬ǳɲףҲˡ˵ţǵХ£ȥ
ã޻Ȼ⣬ҡͷпĶţƽ⡣Щˣ׺֮ͥ¶ҪᵶɱˣȫԼδ档
޷⻰Żعͷȥ㵽ڻĴ
⣬ѵˣͦˣֱ׳
Ȼǡ޷Ƕ˳ûƢֻҡҡͷƽ˵ûдҲԶ԰գ˳ȥ
ȻҪ߰ŷӦ׷ϣȴһ㽿εӰסȥ·
£ôĶ㣿޵
üôţһҪͬ˵˵
ʶҸ֣Ȼƿ׷ȥȻ޷ǵӰʱҲǰһѿסĸ첲ק˹ȥ㻹б£˴ʦ㣬Ե𣿡
˵Ϊʲô£ÿ˶òһţŭˣ˦ͷҪ˻飬ֲҪ˻顣㵹ãͬʦҿʦвȥΰɣ԰գ㼴˦ὣɽȥ
µı֣Ϊ⣬ֻԭվһתܿŻ޴йűʦֵƼˣһȥɽţһһʽԼ뷨ͬŸƵģĶζתߡ
һƬƮס̫

ԣ
ޣɵ ޷ǡȫ̸


285 . һϼ
ϼϼ, ΢ڤƯڷۣ֮ˮ, ɽһ˿ʡ
С֮, ңϥ, 棬ͷ, ۽յҡ
ʱˡŽݣŶһͭˮ
Щ, һֱڳԸֲͬķʽҽҵʧ֢֮ҽЭ, ЩܼĻ
ߵȡ롣
ĺҵĶǰһſ߳, ңҲվ, ߵ, ˮʪšɣҶǰĺ
ι𣿡Сʵ
˵, Ķҵ, ҲľƵѨͨ磬Ч
ü, ǡ
ȡһʱ, ҵ۽ǳ˳, Ӻһ, ǰԵ
ңۼֿ콫ڻ, , Ƽ˫ۡ
Ǿܣңʵ
Ҳ, һס֡
ңңһ
ſڣȴѣһױ˹ȥ
壬ô£æʡ
ްȥЪŰɡ
ңΪңʼմϼܣδ̤ɽȰ벽Խнձʺ֪顣
ߵķԷҲ⼸գԽԽ
ǧ֮ɽҲԽ̫ƽ
ߡ½տУǽһĴҹ˼£ػꡣ½յһ˫۾ڶһ£۵׷ĺɫҲȥ
վ߳⡣
ɽҹֵģ˷ڽ죬ȴⰲ
½߹ɽ·¬ʤǰسãšڳ¬ʤ񣬻ǰչ˵С˿ҩ룬һ׸ιҩ
ˣҪɡ½յĻᣬƽеɽȻͬ
ʦ㣬ɫǺܺáС̧ͷһĿ¶㵣㡭ͬʦ
˵½ǰСӹʣµİҩȥЪŰɡ
áСߣæ˳⣬Сĺš
¬ʤ񲻸ҿ½գʼյͷֽűӣͰ͵ġ
㲻Ҫ̫࣬Ҫ½˵ţҨһҩι¬ʤ񴽱ߡ
ʦ㡭պʦִˡ¬ʤҧŴţǲΪΪ
Һìܣ˵ģ½ݸ̫࣬ҩ
¬ʤһСһСڵҩȻžડһһᣬҲˡʦ㡭
֪½շף¬ʤͷҵʦðô᲻˽⣿
ǡǡ¬ʤԽסҭ
ʤ˵½ԵͬޣʵʡҺǿҲʾ˭ҲԸ˭һˣǿŤһҲõġ
ǰһô¡¬ʤԽ˵ԽģҲΪҡ
ʤҶ˵ˣⲻ¡½շҩ룬һֶӣŲ봲ظλ£¬ʤĸ첲ḧ󱳣οģʦʲôסҺ϶ʺңҲҪҵѡ񣬲˭ƻ
ʦ㡭¬ʤ½գûзǷ֮롭
ʦãǱ̫࣬½ݸϲκˣɡҡͬûԵ֡ûϵġãеһУǰһ𣿡
š¬ʤҲƲס޵½ջС
ҹ綯һ˿˿϶Ůǰϸķ˿Ʈ
ǺתްҲ¶һĨ޵İס
һʧĸߺ½ʦ㣡½ʦģ
ʲôˣ½ձѷ¬ʤа˯ţһ⺰ʶŤͷһڴϵ¬ʤ񣬼ڰ˯æţþ
ʲô½ֹǽкĵӣָָ¬ʤţ˸ƣлŵ˵
ʦ㣬ʦֲˡǵ˿ĭ˵ⶼʲô°
Լˡ½˵Ҫ߿
ǣô˵ģ²ɶϷǵ׷½գ˵ǲʲôúú˵ǲǡ
ͬǺʲô˵ģ½̲ס˸ۣʧ֮ǰ˼𣿡
ȥɽˣǵӵǶѹȥʦ㡭
֪ˡ½ûһԣת߿
鲻Ըһ·ϵ£ȴԨʦͽˣһѴѪĶϽɫء
½ɫ䣬ǰȥʵô£
ʦ˵ճ鲻ã˴δɽԨ˵ű㽫Ͻݵ½ǰ

ԣ
ʦͺʦãమ
ˣȥ


286 . תʮ
½ǰһ, ЩվסţסΡ
ɫأɺϵ£һɽ
, ˰źõ𣿡½ҡͷ, ֻдļ޻, Żԡοʤ˵ֵǸ, ˵ʱ޷ǲͬһ𣿡
½䡭²ð, űڱ, ްɫĿ̾
ȥˡԨ
, , в, ȥ½Դ߰ģȴò˽˶ԹȥԺ, ӳԨϽ, ת߿
ɽϵɫһƬްɽСȴơ
δ, ԾǷ, 쳣ȡ
ʱ, ҵŴ, ε˸ۡ
޷Ǻڵչ, ӿŲߵһ, һͣ, ԲԶһϸŮô󰡣Ҫ˲Ҫˡ
⻰мϤŤͷƳһۣһģƵģתߡ
Ůˣ㲻УϾÿûʲô¡
ʲôβֹ˶Ҫɹˣôùȫˣǻ
ɡˣҲ֪·ˣ֪˭Ľţ͵ƿպײһ˺󱳣ƫУǶ֮޷ǡ
޷ǲͷĿǡԣŲһȱߡ
βȴģһקסĸ첲ǰɣûţ
޷ǲᣬ˦ֱ߿β׷ϣһ׷һ˵˵㻹Ҫܣվס
Ȼáδá޷Ƿ·ûĻԾԹǰš
쵰ûĵĶβһ׷ܣһϻô۸ңһ֮ƾʲôѽ
ɤż󣬺ⷬ󣬴Ϲ˶Ŀ⣬׷ײĿ˿
βһ˽ᣬ֮о֪ΪԴӲԣֻʹ졣
ģɵĻһ˵ɾʹˡ
޷ǲͣ½ŲĬãתһ
ɫࡣβһ
Ƿʲôˣ޷ƽʵȻôϲ˵˵ҼʱӺ㣿
ôûңβŭĿԲɣ㺦Һүүϣ޼ҿɹ飬ּңôҪ㸺𣿡
ôôҪˣ޷Ƕ޳̾ΪֹҧָԼȡ֣ŪǷǣܰˮõϣ
ûһöβ
޷Ǳҧгݣû˿Լܹ棬ʹǰһ١
ֻΪйߣΪд衣
ͷһԼǲǷˡ
δӣ޷ǺȻ侲˿ֱ˫Ŀ²ˣҼöˡȴϲģֻһ
˵ʲôβֱҲ׳
ûʲô޷ǵֻѶιԺҹ·Щ͵ϮһĨ˲ӡ
£˵⻰뿪βҲ룬ָ⻹û䣬żȵԼĽţһǰȥ
޷ǲ˺Ψֱϡ
ϣβˤ˸ࡣ޷Ǽ״һҲԸܣҪ뿪ȴβſڵһ
ˣ
޷ǽŽɣȡХ£ý첲βƣֹ𣿡
βһѪ͸
޷ü΢Ҫ뿪ȴôҲŲŲ
ȣһеĵ岻ŮѲúܣһˣȻҪǳ¡
˼ãڻǸȥŸ첲߽Զһҿᣬ˼ͷ£ȥҽʦֱЩ𣬷ͷҲ뿪
Ҳ御ˡ
ⲻ֪ת뿪֮ʣһ˫͵͵۾ԶΧǽֱ̽޷ǵıӰʧڽֽǣ˳
Ƕõˣʢͳ죬ĸǿǿ˿ᣬԳǶβƵļˣ仰׳ͷλãУԾɻԣҲ룬γ嵶̽ȥ
ڵβĿֻʣʱȫȻǱסһ㣬ôҲã񱻹ཬһ
Ŵ̶죬ĵҲΣϾšһŷ
βŹֵƼǰ龰ųһ亹
ֱǿҲһ黨ѪȻأŷ֣ͷлվһˡ
һͷѪ죬ȴƽ⣬ƵŮӡ
㡭˭β˵ɫҰֽ
ͤĿɨطһЦÿ˳Ҳչ㡣
ˣβƴ´塣
ôãǸŮ˺ͶԴ㣬ر𣿡ͤЦ
㵽ǡʲô˰βľͷָ˵һϵʬ壬˲ʵӬʳ仰
˭ҪҪǣܰ㡣ͤ΢

ԣ
ʼ
侲


287 . ĺͷ
ɽ, Ʈɽѣʯᾡչ⽥ɫ, ·ҪѪ
½ղѪ, ᫵ɽֻʱӡ
㻹, ͷǵÿ˭𣿡½ղ֪Ϊ廹ڵģɫҰһƬ, ˫ҲʧѪɫȴ̲ס, ں, ˣҲõͷˡ
û, ͦõ𣿡޻ͷһ, ǿһ, û׷ȥ, Ϣš졭
ȥͷ½, ұ죡
Ǹ㲻ʲôһҪɱңһҡˣԴκģͬһ, ôҲ벻еǰ
ɽ, Ҷôʯ, ܵ
˵½С, ת˲ۿ, Ȼһʧ, һˤڵء
ն
ͱڡ½һˤ, Ӷͷ޼ʱ֣˻
Ҹʲô½Թһӿͷ̧һ⣬ŭûûû徻
˵˵ʲôʧߺ
ǰ˿ڱ⺰ǣһʱᣬȥǻҵĿ
½ռ״æǰȴס˴
㡭½մ󾪣¿ֹһѽƿ
Ϊڻңܻں㣬㿴𣿳ĹߣһžΪ˰ģ
ʲôˣ½ʧɽҰһҹ֪жൣ㣿ôˣСӻŤлֱ˵Ƿ𣿡
½㡭˿ڣȵԽ
Ҳˣ԰ѻ˵½ҧ㵱ҿʤ˶ģαػҪߣ
㵱ʲôˣŭôܡ
㻹һȥɻοչˣδ˴ң½˵ţ˶յĲڻˮһӿۿ
⻰ͻȻˡ
ƺȻ֮ඥ͵׹мľʲô
ֻ˵Զ˶ʼЩעҪһһ
ϧ׽ŪΪʱθעʼա
⾢ӿ𣬶ԪѴż׷ϡᵶɽ磬οˣֱ˶
½ձȴ
ֱӹᴩؿڣѪ͸Ƕ
ޣ½վʧ룬֣ܾ缤͵ˤɽ¡
޲֪һסᵶ棬γԾ£һס½յĸ첲һֿ±ڱԵնյסΡ
˿ڣӿѪ
½ջӲŴȴ˵һ仰
ϻءϻ׹ɽ¡ûߡ޼ѿڣһΡҾᡭ
Ī亣ڣ£㻹첻ԪЦǰһ䣬ֱӽָնϡ
½մ󾪣ʧ
ӰҶƮ׹䡭
˼䶯ɽȥ޷ûĿãҲȻ²Ԫɥ
û϶β·תͷ˴¡ϢǰЩ΢Сȥ;ӿ·ҹűѰ˼ҸɾĿס¡
ҹȣϣӷꡣ
޷˯ûãȶѣųԽ˯žߵߣƿͨ硣
»ɳӣһ޷ǸǿգԾ־ңĳĺĺǽ¶ĵЦ
ʶǴʱⶼһٷ롣ɲ֪ģĹ⾰Ծúܶݣݵ̣ͬһءڶ̶̼շ룬˼
֪ƺѾǰԼʲôģֻ֪ңӰȻѪҲɷָ
ͬһƬǹ⣬ſСԺҲҹϼܡ
ҽöڷңֱҹתѡ
ңüһֱӣкδʣȴһץס
¶еĹ⣺ʦ㣬ʵһֱڣֻǡ
㡭òȥ˰ɣ
ͷǴαԺһֱ޷ףΪҪʱΪ㣬һֱ⣬㱻ʦ̸ͬұ跨ɽ̵Ϣȥɽ
Ⱥȿˮ𼱡ңһ԰һպ͸µĲˮݸң
Ǿǡһ˴뱭ˮ˸ãؿڣ˵ɽϵˣŮĽͤеĽлɡ̵ͤʥŮ˵ǡ̸ʱܶ˶˳ȥֻʣһʥŮڽСлʥӤ˵˻һֱս̹棬ӦлɣٻʥӤ֮ϲлɣͶϣϼȥ㽫˲ɽַҵˣԶ˱ŷңȥĵط
ͤѾ̵Ľң˼ô˵Ҳ룬Ϊ˱סлЭ֮ΪѰһκѡ̡
˵Щǲʲôëҷ߷ߵûʲôôƫƫ
ˣңվȻˣҲˣһ磬ұǻء
ȥƴҡͷɽΪˡ
㲻ΪԼ룬ҲΪʦ롣ңסŲҿɽϣ㻹ţҲǸˡô࣬ҶĻرѵˮƽĵҲն񽭺֮𣿡
Ҳ
ǰҡ⻰Ҳͷ˵ɽôʱ䣬ʦһҲܵģ硭
ҲһңĸѾΪ̫࣬Ҳ¡
䣬ȴ⴫СѾͷȵȣҪ㡣
ң΢һ㶣漴ǰš
ҩվ⣬Цпˣңͷż߽һҩһ˵⼸ѾͷһֱæǰæҩҩҵǷ֣㻹֣ͦҩζѰ٣ʮ񡣡
ңһ㶡
㲻˵Ѿʦ𣿡೯ЦʣҪҵĵӣ
ң΢΢ü塭
ʲôⲻȫ𣿡Цοǳ㣬ãֲɣ
ңԣ̾˿
Ը⡣ͷӦüֱӡ
ȻԸ£ΪԼΪң
ңһۣſڣȴ֪˵Щʲô
Ҽ״·ֿϣ´ҲҪ
㲻УûǸ֡ؾܾҲңһӣͰʦ˵ģȥ˵ţת뿪ߵǰһȺҩ

ԣ
пĵˢƽ̨˵޺½գ΢͹˕Fhe  ԸԴ󣬸¡½Ҳȫ֣ 䲻Ͼ䲻ϣһһõĽ ڶ вʵޣԼflagݹ 


288 . Ĵ
ǳ, 峿չ͸ͷĴڷŴ߰˯ŵ޷ϡ
תѣ⿴һ, վ, ʰװ뿪ͷ, һ¥ʳùʳǰ·
, ɫȻ𳾰, ⴵ, ܲȻ±ס޷ǲ, ·, ȴʹ, Ǻ·ߵľڣһ, ЪԼĪʱת
վ, 뿪弼·δ߳ϡ
ʱ, һſֽɡԽͷ, סܵ㡣޷ɻͷ, ƼȴǶβƵ, ܱ, ɡ, ˮ
βƸͷС, ࣬Žţһ߾ɡŽɡٹͷ
ͷһûж󺰴УǣӯӯһЦ볾СŮ
޷¶ŵɫɿһۣ㱻ˣ԰գһҲתߡ
硣βƳɡ׷ȴ̫ܵ챻ʯשԵˤһƬˮݣˮɡҲ˳ȥŹ紵Զ
޷ʹͷɨһۣãתߵβƸǰý䴦ˡ𣬵˵ٸˣԼҸȥɡ԰գҪ߿
㰡β󺰵׿游ıɱ˼޻ң㲻ϴˢԩ𣿡
޷ǽŲ΢΢һͣ˵ʲô
游ץ˻ȥڷﲻóšβƵ翴ȥ˽·ң˭֪ñҼǵǸͬı֮˵ĳ࣬Ȼ֪֣϶ϳ
޷ԳĬƬ̣ҡҡͷˡ
֪β粻˵Ļû׼һֻƷ֪ʲô۶ӡ
õİ취ԶԶġ
ɶβʵִŵúܣߣʼں߸š޷Ǳ˦ȻȺʱʱ㷢һ󣬼ٺõṦһʱҲʹֻܵڣֻܸԼ·
һʱɽҰһС޷꣬ʹԽֻѰ˼Ҳҽʦ
ϹҽʦԵɣڰֵǲֻ֢֮ԼЩ꣬ҪŲźá˵ţѧͽץЩ׹١ܴҩļ
޷һţʱʱִһȣüͷʼսչ
βվżϣ˺þãƳѧͽҩܵǰҩ˹޷һʱûܷӦƳ˾ֻҪãȴҩü˵ܿడ磬ҼǵǰûЩ˵ģô£
ҡ޷һ洷ȣһ泯֣ƽмֵĮ
ҩѧͽͷɻʵλͬӡ
졣
ѡ
޷βƼͬʱڣȴǽȻͬĴ𸴡
βлιһĨʧ䣬ȴ֣Թ˫֣ҩݵ޷ǰ
޷⣬ȴʲôҲûʣӹҩ븹УҲգһ¡
ˣᷢ𣿡βԸɡǴοʼƻ˸һ㣬˵ͺǰǵԵģˡ
޷Ƿҩ룬𻰡
ǰ˲ٺͿ£ڶ֪ˡβ˵ţ¡
޷ǱŲ˰ߣ¿̫ϻ¡
βŴһԵͷ
޷ǲᣬһڲϷʹȣһŻץҩ
ȴʱĶߴ˵ͳĳ
޷ǴŤͷβ۽ǹᣬƬ̣ôˣ
ҡҡβСҭȴ˵Ļ
ˡ޷Ψֱ֮Ȼ˿ΪʲôԲ¡
ûСβҡͷίͰ͵Լ£Ǵö鷳
Ȼ֪鷳Զ㣬޷Ǻٸҡ
β⻰ֻҧԡ
޷Ǳȥӻнӹõҩݣ뿪
βæϡ
޷ôҲ˦ֲֻ֣ܵü֮βʵڱúܣҰ¶ޣ㶼ץôβܣƺҲ׵
޷ֻýԼʳһЩ
նβƺˣ֪˯˹ȥ޷ǿ׼ᣬߣ˭֪յ߳һ·ͻȻߺ֡
ʵûޣӿŲսһСβưȼ׷Ҳխխݺύĵ·ϣһ׷һӣͬ׽Բذ㡣
֪˶ã޷ûβƵͣ½Ų˫ַ˫ϥڴϢ
ʱĿ⴩ȺȻƳһĨϤıӰ¶ϲɫ׷ȥߺһң
űߵʦöعͷ
ңƼһȻЦȹڣ˹޷ǰȥӵ뻳
˺һȻʶ£ɿ˫֣ϸһǰŮӡûджȥߴխ侢װǳɫֱ֦ӣʯ쳤ȹһ÷ɫƴ߻һ԰񫚣ױŨ㣬մȫȻͬޡ
һ㶣˰Σʵ硭
Ͼʶҵ˲࣬׷ƾˡϰ֮ˣáңҵͰһɽϳ鷳Ըɴͻ磬ۡ
ۣ޷ǲ
ôˣÿ𣿡ңЦʡ
ÿô᲻ÿ޷˵ţЦﾪϲĹâȴƣֻͷһοʵǡ
֦Уůϼޡ
ٶ໪壬˿֮
ԭⰡҵĻ˹
޷ǱЩ㶣⻰ŻعһüôҲ
ط˵ɡңҵĸ첲ӯӯЦ
޷Ǹԣ߽ʱʱһۣо֮ɫʵѹ֣·ôҲƲ
ң⵽ˣȻһЦȴ˵ֱڿ죬˵ʦദҲ˰ɣô֪ʲô
ôᡭ޷˵ţԾĿ⣬־Σ־ЦֻǲסҡͷδĻ
˵ˣңסҵ֣£ܿͻȥԺҲõģúʦĻ
丽͵ͷȴЩʡ
˵һΣصɽģ޷򣬡ڣ԰ͻȥ
ң˵ͷ
֮ǰˣҵͲ𣿡
޷ǲԣңʹ˸ɫҡͷš
һӱɥѣһԲ
ˣЩӣһֱڴ̽Ϣ޷ңǵȥˣ
һסңҲκõİҡ
޷ǵͷ˼
ҽ
ңһ룬ͻȻһϲĸߺϣ磡
޷Ǽʶ¶֮ɫܳңԿȥ

ԣ
׼
ԱŮԼʹûкøУҲֻܱòҲԲԽ
轿еµ䷶


289 . ʱ꺮
ңֻ, ŤͷһǡβԵĿԣ㶡
ɲҵ, ޷ǲң, ̽͵, Ҫһֱţ˦˦
ʶβȡֵһ, ˼˵ͷԩ·խ
β, ̤С鲽ߵ, ߵ޷ڵųһ¡
޷Ǳ֮ͬƵ, վ, ԶĿ, ˼Ƭ̣ԥ, ʱ̲βƵĶ
ô£ңʵ
β̽ͣ, ֻǡ
ƽ֮޷ǺĻҲ㲻, Ҳϲ, Ҳ֪ʲô˼, ҲЩ
ҡβ˵, ɫ̱ί, ҾǾáǰ, 񡭡ۿ游ı, ɱ˼޻ֻǡ
ңˮҪһ⻰̳⣬²յŤͷʵ˵ʲô
ұ游ץȥڶáβƵʸ͵͵ңǰ游ͬ飬˵ƾ͵ĵð壬ɱ˼޻㣬Ҿ͡
ǰ£ңʵ
Смˡβ˼
ǻ˵ʲôңʵ
ûˣҲ̫࡭βƵߵ£ҾͶ֪ˡ
ңüĬãڵˣȸǰɡĻ顣
޷⻰ɴ˫ۣ
뿪ͽ˼ҿסңͬβһ䣬к춯ֱסͷࡣ
ҹңװ˯ȵβƱ̷ۣٻѨʹ֮˯ţ˳ȥ
޷ҶڻȼȺ򣬴ţһȥ˺Ժ
ôһնεĵô°ҲôãǺ
̸ϣʱһЩ޷ԤϵľٶʱԼңҡͷ̾öԸ
öβƵĻмֿţ޷ʵ
Ԫ㺦˲٣ǲҪǣʲôҪңҹ̫Ҳˡ
Ҳ˵ǸԪ㣬ʵǣҶǰһ֪⣬˴˿̣
˵ã£ҲвС޷ǵͼȻΪ˶ءµһš
Ϊ˸ţҪɱˣֻš
벻ͨ¶ˣңһȥһֱߡ
ǡҲԾ޷ǣҿ书ҲôôƤҩƵģ˦˦
޷ſڣǧȴֻܻΪһ̾Ϣ
ǣ˸·ң΢΢üȲʲô
һ磬գͷͨ
β˫ۣŤͷһۿڴڲ˯ңӿһ˿⡣
ҹ뿪ͷǰԺµͬʱͤҲ˷⿪βѨоΡ
Σβƺ޺޵ˡ
ԼҸѡ˴ˣֻһ̡ͤǽЦֻҪǾͲߡּգлᡣ
һŮ˾ᡣβҧгݣô֦չģҲ֪Ҫ˭
ֻܿòԶʤͤתµ±ɡҪһ㣬̵£һҪ̡

ʲôңͻʻβƵ˼ʵ
ûʲôβҧҧҡͷֻ뵽ԼЩľӰˡ
μҴһʼû㣬Щʲôңʵ
⻰βƺȻס
δ⡣
ҡҲ֪βƽһԡ
Щ֮ԿɱΪ࣬Ǹ֪ԼҪʲôң˵̷꣬´˳ȥ
βư䣬ϡߵȼ䣬Ƽ޷˳¶ϲɫ硱Ҫǰ§첲
޷Ǳһ˵ңǰʵҪ
ңͷβƿһۡ
ûʲôβƺ޵ȴ㷢ֻõͷȥ첽߹ԣ¥ݡ
ôˣңø첲˴޷ؿڣСʵ
޷ǷɿҡͷһԲ
һһ¥ʳһſǽԵȺ򣬱㳯˹ȥβ䲻鲻ԸȴҲֻװ£һԣͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ˣңһƵβƸǰ书ܹɱ˼޻ģֻжԪһˡ˵ĻӦġ
Ըңβ̧Žɡ
ңһףȴ˵
ǣǴôβ̽Ƶʵ
ܹˣңһ޷ǣδȫĴµɻãһʱա
ǡҪȥģβ㶵
ʱɡңü΢Ҳ𣿼ٽҪ£Ҳ˵
βԣһʱ
ң飬ʱҿסֵ죬ȣչȥ쵽ʱɳҡ
ңţŽͷһ϶Ž⣬ԽԵģҲʵнһ˿㱡
ʦ㣬ҵĻı˺öࡣ
ң΢Цԡ
ҼǵãǰɽϵʱĻ䲻࣬ȴҲʮ䵭ӣңԣ٣ʲô״ԣҿ޸Цʲô۵ס
ңԣͷһЦ÷ɽϵӣȷʵҲǡǸʱ˭ıߣ£书ʦʧ֪գѲ⣿
Ҳ׵ǣΪѾߵһˣȴΪδǣʵֲǺԱ֮ʲôΣأ
ҪǼ֣ͤ㲻ҵĵǺ޵ңתЦȻطЪţȥ޷ǵôˡ
԰գ¥ݣŵͷ⣬ڴ޷ǳ䱸Ļʲô
ͳԵĻˣβƵĻίԾƽ粻ͬѹúᣬ߿
ң׼ŵ֣űһƣ漴΢΢̽ͷ͸ŷ쳯ڿȥֻԭϥ붨޷ǣվԡ
βƾվһڵƲ죬
޷ǲɫߵǰͣ£Ƴһüʵû¶ɣ
ҪôңҲβһʱûסһѽϣҧһԾʲôҲû˵ȥίͰ͵ͷ
޷ü΢Ƴһ۽ϵˮֿ˿һڰֵˣյˣˡ
βƼԸǰŲͣ㲻ô˹㣬㶼ƽͣΨôף
ҿιŪˡ޷ǵģֻǡˡ

ԣ
ʵĲβ
еɰ
Ǹ̲ߣرŬΪԼˣŮΪԼŬѾܰˣǸɣҲԵķ


290 . ۾
㡭βšһ, ð춼չ
Ծѹɤңߵǲϲ
ң, һơ
ҳϡβڿ, ǰͿ, ɡҶ֪ԼĴҲ, ܵáܵø˼һɣ
ǡ޷Ǳ˵úͿʵ, ϲα, ͬʲôϵ
ȻйϵˣΪβ˵, ȻСȥ, Ƶ, Խ
ʲô޷ɻʢ
㡭㲻ˡβƲƲ죬첽ܵű, ȱ, վ⣬ס漴ӿ첽ҲƵܿ, ص, Ϸš
޷Ƽ, Ҳһ, 漴ǰ, ң, ʵ, վˣ
ңݸͷһЦ˼Ҷιﻹ̽㣬⣬ˣ
Ѱأ޷ǿЦãָָ£
ҲҪһжأңգգۣ˿ȣЦӻָòôȣ˵׼ձ㲻ˡ
һǲָЩˡ޷ҡͷ̾ЩߣҸǰȻǹ˼͵ȳ
ңüҶ˶һתЦеҿɲϲȳӡ
⻰̲סЦȴֻǿбűȥ첽߿
޷ǳ̽ͷһصԼǰŽݣʲ˿
ңҪ˵㱻ӵ뻳С
ôˣңӯӯЦʡ
Щӷ̫࣬ûüúͬ˵仰޷ǵͷߣ˵
˵ң˼֡
޷ҡҡͷ﷢һЩʡҵ¡Ҳ֪ĻǼٵġ
Ŷңһ㶡
ֻҵһʬףѸõòӡ޷ǵǼգɽ̡Էɴ壬ûз⡣
ЩҲԤ֮ڡңͷ˼
һֲõԤУԤУԽǿҡ޷̾ܶôӽ࡭Ҳڲߣ㶼ҪԼǧġ
һġңݸ֣չЦҿ̫ã絽ԺܰϺɹʵ㡣
޷ҡͷһЦ㼴ǣ֣¥ݣȥԺ
ԺڵļӣҶѼ˻ơԶһ˿Ҳޣõ
ͷ֮ڣͤʢˮյҡΣˮ渡ĭԽԽ񣬺Ц̧ԶվڴڣĶβƣ˵ⶼûôأһСۣܲˣ
һֱ˵ңʲôβҧгݵֻǸŮˣӶ쳤ˡҸûָ
ǻǵùǰ˶ûͤ
ǡǡβ˰죬Ҳû˵Ȼ
Ȼϲ͸ֱ˵ѽͤ˼Ҷ֪⣬涯˼Ҳұ¶
ҪҰŮɱˣβƲƲ죬֧ȥ𴦣ҷˡ
ðͤ΢и˿Ϸʣʲôô
ҡʲôûСβ鲻ѡ
ͤһطЦöβĵֱë
˵ϵĵһңΪѺβһһҹ漸죬δͬסǵסһ䳯ϵĿͷڡ
ҹͷ˿ͤͬһңС
ġңĿƽߵԣ̨
ƵĹϣݲ԰׵ģ·һ߳˾Ŀݹǡ
һ˫ͫɲ
Ӧллҡͤ󣬵ĺһЩ˲ˣģģӦ㡣
кܶ಻׵¡ңü΢Ϊûȣ̵Щˣλ˽գΪִ񣿡
һ֪꣬ȷ˺ܶˡͤĵȥҴңÿضϵ̫áʱϡ
ңԣü˼֡
ҸŽввĴ룬ͤ˵ţֻлԣңοҡûкӣǸϸʥӤҪ
û𣿡ңʵ
ҵȻӹ𣿡ͤЦҪ˵ڿʲô˶ҵģʲô˶ҡ
˵ţһ˫ĺͫң¶ɭȻЦµһĺΣҰڲ
ǣΰڲңңƳһۣ


291 . 
, ңžþδ޷Ҷˣһһǰ
Ȼô, ûлӦ
ҿһ޷, һ˼, ̧һ߿˷ţȴƼڿտҲ, ʲôҲûС
ô£Ҵ󾪣ᱻץ˰ɣ
޷΢΢ü, Ťͷһ۶βƵķš
ȥɡתȥ, õڶȱ߱
βƵɫܲ, ڷң˺, ̱תˡ
ô£޷¶ɡ
ͬҡͬûϵβưƢ, ڳһ޹̬
Ϊһ𣿡޷ʵ
ҡʲôûβƴġŵ㡱ǴԼκ£װ޹, ˭ġ
᲻ԩˣҳ޷ʵ
˭֪أ޷ö࿴βһ, ߽ңУ²鿴һȻԶӵϼһ
ҿ첽ܽ, ֻһɫ˿
޴򶷺ۼ޷ɨһ, ֿһ, üٿһ, ѵ
˭ѽ
ȥ, Ҫ¡޷վ, ɫص, Ҫ鷳ˡ
ڴʲôհβǰʲô㡯ҡģ
¡޷תżߣ벽Ҳͣ
׷ϣβ಻ˣһҲ˳ȥ
޷ңʧٽͷö֮ʣСǰʮɽУһϪ֮ϣңϥϪˮϴֱϵա
лһϮ£ҡСȣվԶĿ⣬Ϸʣµһõ˲ҪŮ޴ѪҲһĳմ
ǳҲΪɣңĵһֱԸţ¡̵ˣеûš
веҲ֪лЦŮˣǺ˼ô·ѡȴҪ˿ʤ죬ƴҲҪôЩ¡
ҪͷҲŲôױ¶ңЦ㵹ͬǶβƺܰ䣬ӲԼд¶ֵܹϡ
Ѿͷû˼лҡԣ£һ򢣬ġ
žһң߸֣һĶлϣֱӴĻ
ḡɣϲҿɲϲңվʲô¶ûУֻܶڱ˵ı֮£Դˣôģ
лɺٺһЦգһҡȣһվ䵽زˣͲ𣿡
밡ѲҪңңЦҿǲҪˡлʿüۣ͵͵һͲʲôö
ô˵ҿҪˡлɹ̾Ϣģ˭֪ȴ˲顣
㣬ңңЦ׷ǹʣƾʲô
˵أлɳɫḡ
ң̲סЦ
ʵڲţһӲԴ˼⣬ɫˣŮϲ
ͤǲϹˣǱ˽ͷԸΪС
ʱഫɤӵ
л飬ҡ߿
ͤߵңǰ
ôһϣ뿴龰𣿡ңʵ
ͤԣֻблɡ
˲磬ң
˵ʲôͤɫˡ
˵ͻȻ뵽һ£ң֮ǿעڣ겻۶ҲãҲãѿȰ˵ԣֻҪ㲻鲻ԸӦǿȲ㡣
ͤɫԱԴȥ
ԸģңЦòΪزסˣɣ
ңɱ㣡
ô£ǲ뿴ҹñڡңҪǾô򵥵ɱңһġ
ԣң˵ȥֻлţܺúĥҡֻһûףʲôֶΣ
ͤһԲֻһطһЦתݶȥ
ѿƣǷܹƥУ֮䣬ʧ
ʱ޷ǵҲĴѰңټ
ʱ֣յͷôһƬơ޷һ·ѯʣȴʼûܵõңõϢֻһСģɵ˵һͫŮŶȥԣ˵С
Ϣ׻˵޷ȴԸŹκοܵСĻ㾶űȥ
׷㽹̬֮Ҳӵ
ɽĴΣȴеǰδеĿֻšУң첻£ز£伸ûʲôܹѵλʦ£ġ񡱣ȴƺҲôزɺ
Ҳʧ٣Ҳա
ôֿ˭أ
ʵ󲻵˷ԵģǸĵˡ
ƫɾʱһϤӰ˼˸ǰ
̣סͣ½Ų
΢һԲֻɨһǰˣת޷ǣʵأ
ˡ޷½ƣȴҲòӲͷƤش
Ҿ֪㿿ס΢ŭգ㣡ÿζ㣡ΣգҪˣʲôã
˭ôһˣβ̲ס
ٷϻ޷ǶԶβƵġΧδָмֱӴĻ΢һ֣̽ѵǡ̵ܿÿЩҵУ򡭡
̣΢üһЩ㾹Ը𣿡
ںʹǰһˡ޷ǵλѳ֮ǷƥУҵġ
ǻߣ΢ɫ䡣
漸˳ǣȵ⣬ǰѰ;кüҶŰ׷һһ൱
βһ򲻴ֱʱʶǸͬԼ˾̵ţ²Ծ⣬ȴװһк֪飬ãȻڼ
ιôߣ޷Ƴ̤С鲽ӰȻڵ
ҡβƱôͻȻһʣ֧֧˰죬Ҳû˵һ仰
޷ĶǹңİΣȫ˼һ䣬Ȩ˲ƵģҲ
üҵʮϪǰͤЮң뿪޷ƳݵؼһĨѰɫ㼴ǰȥ鿴һƬʯĲƬ
һüң⼸ճǼʯ쳤ȹ
ǰʵ
޷üĽδشĻ̧ͷ۳ɨһֻ˼·ͨ˴̣ãָȥѰأ
֪ˣͲٿ΢ڣҵ
ԭͶ޷Ķ࣬һ⣬϶Ǹǡ
ҵ޷üͷչ
Ҫ㣬ЩҪ֮ｻ㱣ܡ΢ھɱ㡣
޷˼Ƭ̣ҡͷҲաӻͳǵֽţݸ΢ƽ˵ܣԷˣ
΢˾ĸ죬ȴǽӹţ𿪼һȴ޷סֻڳȷ³ɼʲôǣպ顣˵ţɿɨβƣ˶ȴֹ
ҿǷͷȥҰɡȴΣҪǱͤץˣɾͲ˵ˡ
΢ԣüԽ

ԣ
ңĿģͤѵ
ͤڴƾ


292 . ޹
βһֱڼ, ޷Ҳ֪ǵѣҲ㽫֪Ϥ֪΢, ֪ҶΪ˼ɵͤ
ҲΪ⡰桱, ޷ǵĻԽԽֻ, ȴܲңİΣԣ΢Ҳֻʱͷֻѹ²ᡣ
һ֮, ˷ͬ·ȥΨ²ɵĶβƱԭء
ѻ, ֲ㷢, һʱ֮䣬Ҳ, ҲǣվҲ, Ҳ, ֻһ˫ֱԭشת
ʱһ, ɫҲ
ôβҧҧ, ̧߲ϼв֮ɫʢ
Ϊңʧ٣Ըᣬ˭֪ȴŪɳ׾, һ
ԽԽ, ˿δܲѶһ
һŵ, Ȼˡ
ֱ, Ųֻ, һڵ, ̧һ, ʢ
˵ǿһȥ޻ԭҵ˿ɽʢ߾ٳ£ƾһѩӳճβƳֵ
ɱҡɱҡβŵվס˺ۼ棬кһͷ񺰣һ԰
Ļûü˵꣬ǰһӰһ𣬱ʹʢ˳߿⡣
㡭㡭β̧ۣ΢̱죬صͷȥ
Ǻˣʢ˵ţӵ
΢üͷûһ£΢ܣһȻ˸ǰ̧һţյ֡ʢûüӦеĵѡѵһڵϣ
ۼβ˲ʰתݲӡ
΢׷˼ȴһ죬ͷһȴǶβ˹ȥǾѼѪľ£δ׷ǻͷ̽̽ȷһѰЩ֦Ա
Ұ䣬ɫϼһ˿⻪Ҳ׹޾ҹɫĺɫ͸Żδȫ͸ȴ֡
֪˶ãβԺ˫ۣãȻһƳڻĿ붨΢һ
˭Ҫɱ㣿΢Ծ˫ĿƵʵ
ҡҵġүүңһɱҡβӵ
ˣ΢һ룬ɨһۣ̱ϡ
ôûУβƲƲǼ˵˽ŮȻں
΢գ΢΢һɫԾţǲм
ǡ˭ѽβ׳ŵӳŲ˼Сʵҿң
ֶŮ΢ǻСӸġ䲻Ҳ֪ȥĲҵ
˵޷Ǹ簡β̽ʵ
еУͬʲôϵ΢
ʲôϵβ΢΢ͷ˵нߡ
΢üһ΢΢ۡ
ЩˣҪβ˵ţҪŲԭλãȴ΢һѿסš
ѻ˵
ǰ𡭡βۺᣬſǻҶûб˼㡭Ϊ޷Ǹұ㲻ǰǰˣҲ
˵ʲô΢첲һԣҧһԭֻɫѹǰҪװ㲻ʶ˵ЩûʵĻ
ҿɺˣ˵ˡβƹ֮״͵
ĸΪΪӭüص͵ЦЩνʦͨ
ҹɫŨƺī
΢Щ̱סˣվβһתҪ˵ȴһӲԶң̣ҵʦ㣿
Ҳûҵ΢ɫ˼֣ʮָճȭ
ιɫðҿһԶĶβƣʵôˣ
Ҳʶ𣿡΢ʵ
˵ιҡҡͷһͷҲʶǸʶʱһЩ鷳£š
ʲô鷳£΢
βҧҧǣƺҪ죬ȴסˡ
룬˵ǣ֮ǰ籾ڰѰףȴ֪ģ˲ˣ˺ôһΪ˱ιȫˡ
㲻˵ˡ
һֲ˿ڵĽͣ΢гɼ˼֡޷ֱ˿̶ѰˣϴһˮȻ֪
·ѿɥʧϣȴһεĽʰһƬʯȹǣ˲ҹӽǰ׷ϣֻܾҵң䡣
ܿ죬ء
ҹտտ¶һĨϤӰڽֽǡ
ݣǣŲ鸡лɡ

ԣ
΢ضл
˭˕F̸һеģԭ


293 . αȱ
СƫƧ, ŴСС˾סĻķݣ˼, ڴɨøɾ, סҲܡ
ңŶ, ˯һҹ, ȴԭͤվڴ, üͷ, ͫһӰ֪Щʲô
һ, ⴫һߵ, , һɳƲϵĻ
أͤ䡣
ĴѰ˴, δҼ
ǾͽҡͤԾ߬ȭ, ȴԾƽ䵭
ңƳһŘɴԽԽӰֱӣĵлɲˣ
㵹Ǻܹ
ҿɲңң, ֻͻȻһǰȥگʱ, ޱ˵һ¡ȥ, ǰ;, һλݵĹ, ٰģ, һ¥Ů§§, ǵöִг̡
ΣͤЦ㻹ͷ
ԣлɽ򼿣Ҳ⣿ңôߵı£ϵ£һ֣ΪλҪǨ
ΪµˣûСҳϡֿԡͤתߵңǰӸ¿뿴ҵЦҲһ֪Ƕһ
ǣңƤ΢̧һ˼׹Цҡͷǰ֣ôһĿˣ޼ɵĶβҲһ죬ԭǵָ㡣ѹ֡¿Ʈ꣬ѰҲ֮顣
㲻ߣ˳룬㲻𣿡ͤЦٲȻһϷ顣
ʲôңȻҪֶΣϹĻ˲ҪҲա
Ŷͤ۲鶯һ£ͬ飬Ҳ֮ãҲã
ϣʲô̬ңЦ̧ӣ㣿ʹޣţջֻ̻̲Ƿŭ˵
ͤӣ۵¶ŵɫ
ǺðɣңΣôңװһװҲ޷ҺýŰҪǾΪ⼸Ҳߣϲ˱ˣҪңҵôأǿǻȥˡ
ϷҲǼʵģͤð𣬵Ǽֶסʺֺݺ˳ȥ
ңôһӣݺײǽڣڵϣɢʹÿһ羭ʹս
ؿԣΣȴЦסΪһֱ겻ɢҡǾţƣȴȻͬвʰˡ
˭˵ģͤŭ˭˵ҹò㣿
ϳ⣬ڣȴԶΪӲκ˵۹⡭ޣְֻһдݻ٣֤ǶԵġ
֮ʣ˵һ룬ֻõͷƬ̣˵Ӧ֪㶼Զܿ˵ͷ
𣿡ͤЦأ
ǰ㣬һкξ壿ң
ͤŭлܻΣ̱ܽǰңճɷɻҡ
ɾʱȴ˼ҵĴ
СӣǺôĵӡǸɳƲϵ⴫֪ڴˣҲﴳ
ŶģϤʻ޽籮Ҳδ˵ǹ̵ؽ磬ã
޷ǣңԣٿ˫ۡ
Ȼˣͤĸ⣬˼ţȴңѷɿűȥ佫Ʒڵء
ң˫֧ڵ棬͵ŻһѪͤҲһۣתȥţպƼ޷ݲԾԺǰդֱͦȡ·üġ
ѷտɱȣһ̳Я֮ƲԾ졣ƾڤˮ֮ҲĶ֣һʱܲнҲܽⷴɣ֮󣬽𼸳߸ߵķɳһ̶Ħֻ࣬ͣ¡
һᣬ͵ŻһѪݸĲһɫ·һĥë
ͤ۵һ˿죬żԺС
ңǿʹɿ챼š
ңң޷һң̸ϲ֮ɫ
ˡ̧ͤƿңڶм䣬ҧгݵ
޷ǼĿ¶ɱ̺ὣǰ˵ټлɣھɱҡ
˵ʲôֻͤҲƭң
޷һԲֳ̧һ¡ͤü΢һлɳöָ
ģͤͫطŴ
ˣұȥ޷ǵĿңϣ۵׷ɿ측ӹһ˿ǡ
㵱ɵ𣿡ͤȭöָҲӦ촷ۣƮɢҷȰ㣬ھ͸ںδ̱ɱ㡣
޵УȻǧַӣܰҵ⡣޷УԣȡҶɻķܹҳл䡣
ͤԣֻƳңһۣٿȻ֪ʲôӣȻеϢ裬ʺʹضȥ
ңң޷ü΢ȻĴʮֵǡ
ΪޡΪ⡭ңֻԼ·𱻺ü˫һסÿ³һֶʮּѣ㵱֪
޷ǵĿ·˸ֺҲŲʼսţҲ
ҲáһͬڴˣҲ㡭޺
룡ͤң⻰ʱŭˣڿУȭһš˵֮⡣
޷ǹ˲ݲǰ§ڻУһ۵ȥѪۣعԼƺ©˺£һ𾪵Ťͷͤ
ӣȻûֹң
ңؿʹֻǽڶѱ飬ÿһ϶ʹҪɢһ㣬һѪŻڽǰһĨʺ죬һ䶬շѩȻſ÷
ô޷۽Ƿ죬ḧգʵ
ңҡҡͷпȥ
ͤɫһԡ
֪䣬£ƣȴвͬԺھ£
ңƳһʶףͻȻָ֣˳ȥ
޷һ˲˺һ˵˭
ǵʧٵģĽ㣬
˵Ǹ糾ŮӣͤƳˣ̫飬û͵طһغ˷ѹ򡣡
ҲŮӣ˿ϧ𣿡ңŭѸˣȴǱýɳƵɤȵ
˸ˣ֮ע沨춨ԹˡͤЦǹܺԼɡ԰գ㼴
ʥŮĺӣɱһǰѵŵ£ػή
Ҳɱͤͣ½Ųڶ˸ǰ£һ˫ͫ䶢ס޷˫Ŀһǵ͹㣬ڻԸð
˵Щʲô޷ȫȻδָûƳһۡ
æҵͬˡͤ


294 . 
֪˶, ң˫Ŀı浣ڴߵ޷ǣͷ, ϡԼ˻ǰ, ͤ, ɷ˵뷿йѺ֮ǰһ, ʲôҲ֪ˡ
ͤأң޷ǵĲֱӣͷ, һ, ȴǻڵÿһอΪһһʹ·ʱһ㡣
ŲЩ, ȥлˡ޷ǵ
ǺΣңͼ, ȴʹ, һֱͷ, ʶǰԵ, պˤ޷ǻС
㻹ǱҶˡ޷ӵסӣ˵߲˵ġ
Ҫҵлɣǡ
, Ҳ޷ǵ, 涮, , Ҳֻʧء
ôаգңһ, ̧۳
ѵ㻹Ų𣿡޷չ, Цƽ, гء
ң涢˫ۿ˺һԷĿС
Ūˣˣ໥Լ˭Ҳ˭޷̾˿֮ͤȴ˥Խศӻ컯֢֮ȴɽмͬЩʼռ֣̳ʢ˥ҪѰµʥŮʹ
ͬкιϵң
Щӣץ˲Ůӻȥվ㲻ͬ޷ǵ겮ĸʹţתĵһʥŮˣΪ׳̵ϣ
ǡôң˵һ룬һ㶣ԼԴԳƵЦôˣҪʲộͤɾҲлˡ
޷ЦЦḧͷ˵ˣҪúþЩ¾ȱˡ
ң˫ĿԾ˸Ƿ޷Ǵһϧֱգʵܣ
ۣңͤЩֶΣǧٹ֣ҿɳԲ
޷⻰ϧ֮ɫԣɫ԰ף۲ѣ΢΢ͷһǡ
ңδ˽ﵥദȴδܴţֵڡ
໥ˣϸ໥໰գ¡ֱң뵡Ѽ޷ǻкȻ˯ȥ
ȴʱһʱ˵ˤ죬ů
ңܾۡ޷Ŀ¶סȥƼͤڳ
ɱͤɫޱѿ
޷ǻҡͷ
ΪҲͤҧгݡ
ѹûҵİԼлɡ޷ɫ̩Ȼ
ϲ׽Բ𣿡ͤЦȻˣҲͬһ֡
˵⻰ơ֮䣬ˣ糱ˮӿС
ңͷԣӲŷ´վȣһ͵ľȵ˿ȥ޷ߣǰѶˡ޷Ǽ״üǰȴǰ·һεǽôҲ޷Խ
ʲô޷ŭֱͤ˫˵ĺͫη塣
ϷͤɱȥǹһĨɭЦ˵˶ɽɵŮϵɣ࣬Ⱦɣֻ㡣
޷Ǵ󾪣ȿڣѱһɼɽƵڵء
̫ͬãûˡͤ弸֣ʥŮʹռôãҲ湻ˡ
˵˵Щʲô޷ŭȴҲΪ
ңεȴƷŻѪء˱һ㣬һӵϣȥ
ң޷ǳЩ˱Ӱʧķ
ȻӦֻķ
𣬵һұɱ㡣ͤҵл֮ǰ㣬Ǿңȥ˺δ
ͤ㡭޷пŭȴԿһʱĿѣҪҧ顣
ͽ󡯣ͤЦΪȱľ֣ȴ塣˰ԴһԼܵ񡭡ǣЩֺαЩ԰գתż
޷Ǿѹں󱳵֮Ȼȥʱ̽ǰȷϵ·谭æ׷˳ȥȻ׷СԺȴѲͤӰһʱļ٣ҴææǰѰȥȴȾɻһۡ
˼һ·ߵĲͣ˱ҩơ
ȵһյ¶ǣȴͻȻ侲
ңű벻ãʱӦ·ϡͤȴнһյĹδлɣ֪˵ļӦ
лɵ䣬޷Ψһĳ롣²ȻԼ˵С£ңһǧΣ
뵽˴޷˿ǿԼڴ˼䣬ȥͤȥ
ͤڻֻ̽˭ȳס˭ˡ
ȵУִеȵՕiЩסˣֻڴ˵ȴÿһ̣ԶǼ尾ȴͤ׳ſڡ죬ɱڵҽʦ벡Ƽ̱㾯еȻ˳ȥеװ͵͵˵һԡ
Ҫ˵飬蹫㱡顣ͤЦһߵǰվֱֱɱ⣬ողİ֮˷ֱ𣬻⿴Ȼν飬װġ
ԣҿѡ񡣡޷ƽˮΪηǵõһϣ
Ȼˡ
Ȼˣ㲻߶ţǡ޷ǽʹȥ㼴վתҪߡ
Ķͤ󷢳ŭ
޷ǽŲ΢΢סȴ
Ҫͬұģһڵġͤҧгݡ
޷ˣ۲ȴһ̶ˮ˿
ֽãͤЦʵ˵ãҸ㡣Ҳܱ֤һĻ
ںδ޷۲΢΢һ
ͤɫ
ҸһҲʾ޷ǵĴ𰸣Ÿ˼˸Ҳ㹫ƽ
вңͤɱ糱ӿȻ߾ٵȴôҲĲȥ
Ƕ޷ƽ³֡
Ͻ⡣ͤ˵ÿһֶƴмһ㡣
޷꣬տڲԡ
ͤһߵһһҳ֡
ϽҰҪһˣ̸ף޷ƽ
ͤѹŭ𣬳ĬãԾɲԣڵãݡҵһȱףɲҪڡ
޷·ȴ˿ǰ¶
ɽͷͤЦɽɽ֮·һң棬źüѷʥӤ
޷ͫ׼һ
Ǳ˶꣬ŰյڳϽ̻ǵģֻһ¡ͤЦЩ¶˵Ӧ֪
޷ǲɵ߬ȭͷȼŭȴعǵ˳̽
żá޷Ƕ⼸֣ͤʧɫĿյݶȥ


295 . Ƶռ
ܵ, ް֪ͨδıڸܳʪһʪȳ
Щ˳ңڻƷʱѨ, Ҳ֪ʲôַ, һֱѹϢֱ߽ܵ, ŸеһɼɲѨɢ, Ϣָס
һ氵һɿɨһΧǼѺ, ϸ˼, ȴֺܿй
⼸ʮָڴʱתϢ, Ȼᱻ, ٴ, ôָٶȱ㼫Ϊ, ˶ݵʱڻָ糣, Ըôˡ
Ψһ취ʱ䣬һˣ㡣
ôߵı, ԭЩۡң, Ѿ, ڲץ, ᲻ˣ
١һ˷ɳƶϵ˷һŰװ׾, ⻬ûһ˿Ƶ, ֵʢ, õĹ⾰عҽ̣Ӻã֡
ǲǼ㣿ңĿһϣȻʲôƵģüʵȫɱ˿ħģǲ㣿
ʵ˺ٺЦȴ𻰡
飬ǲǻһЩΪ֪ңЦԴԳҲĬһĿܣЩɸ˵Ŀġ
ֻ£عЩǸɳƵٴ
ԣǵҪȥĶңüԽ
ȵǶ֪ˡ
ңԣϢȴԼŹֵϸ棬һһ߻ͣ˻ƣҰ޵Ŀ޺
ͻȻʱͣ½Ųǰʲô
ʹһ˵ʥŮȥǣȴ̰쳾ӣڴ˼尾꣬񲡣
Ļ£ͬкιϵңк壬Ȼյ㱻üְֻڼͷѹȥȴڻ֮У˼ŵҩڿ³㱻һƴؿڡ
ĵҩ˳źܻ븹У
ιҳʲôң󾪣һʱ˲࣬Ϣȫһ˵šӿȻ˵Ҳûţְ˽űӿ
ִﻹݵңˣδȫָ֮ܵխʩչȭţԺܿ㱻סǿȥܵͷʯС
ųصʯرյ죬ңĵ׸һ˿ԤС
̧ͷȴʪĽż಻ӣ꣬ȴƽȻˡ
ЩӿﶼĹʣ½½վ£
Զ㡭ң˺ȴͻȻ¶˵Ļ
ͤ˾٣ȫδѭ̹档ⱨ
ңʱһ֮Ȼ̽䣬ʲŷѱЩ˸жȥ
һСӿһһ˿һ˿òͷвƵظֳ֮
ҩǷЩǿйеҩңپļ£̧ͷʱЩʬˣȴһź꣬ޱ߷ҡҡóϤ
һһĻĻǰң֪ǰ¥Ķʱ˰أۼЩΧǰƿȥʯһࡣ
ҩڷԽûȣһ㡣ңָⴥǰϵ紥ƵջأƲ˼취
ɽɣķеıľ·ӣֻ֮ʣòùҲ˲ùزأֻĬʦŵķھѹЩҴܵ
زصסߣڻЩѹãѼ͵ǡһǱжõĻǣð˷ܵĹ⣬зֵ
ңһĬľǿѹҩԣⷢһ滹ñܿЩʬ⣬Ѱ̧ȳһ˵رһš
Ȼһٶȴ֮зתϢһͣ͵ҩԣ֮ٴγͷ˼һЩвϢ߻ħлʯ֮⴫
ʯ֮ڣһƬӻҡʯң·ȴסߴ޷ǡͤǶ£ò׻ǻ֣̿һ·ײײѰ
ʱЩˣһ볷룬ֻʣˣһ޷ǵ㼴޷ҲԣǶ
һЩ飬ϵң񴦾׶༪٣ԼһЩİ࣬㽫һǻԹ߾й˽֮УоЯɱ֮ĳڱϡѵķ磬ر輱̹ǣ纮âһ㣬еüۣһǡɽ֮ն䣬Ա㽫һȥ˰ء
ͫ׼һһ˻𣬷˶ϣ൯ΣƷѸ磬ӰĻ
޷Ǻὣ죬̳Ӱɢۣۼɱ档
ǰ⼸ˣǵһۺˣѳɽгϣֵڤˮɼһߡ
ԣ޷ͻͽԸЩһպϣһ㲻ôˡֻЯһԹս£һ²˿ڣȴռϷ硣
֪ʯΣֻ֪ԼձǽҲһЩĿĵóѣƾͷ䣬ݺĨһ˲ǿŴͷ­ᵽһԣµظ
۲Ѫ˿ɱѶһ֮ﲻܲˣཫ֮⡣
ʣµƼ㣬һʱ֮ô˿̣ǸҲ˲˿ڣ˾ȥʤҲضء
ϵһ㣬̰֮Լͬȥһ˳׼϶ܵڡ޷Ǽ״üХ£ᴩǻ͸Ƕ
Ѫζʪܵ
¶һۣ¶֮̿ɫ
޷Ǵ΢ὣָһš
罣ʽ̫ʫɱ־ΪȡΪеƮݣ֮ơңݵĽ޷УȴԹܵ꣬飬֮ԵѪɱ֡
֮ӣȴ֮ʣ崡֮䣬ǿס˱ģȴѶʧг൨ģȻ޹⡣
ԵõˣʱҲ˿־塣һ֮һϮ°ѽѪޣٷµȾȴɺ죬ɿȴ}ޱȡ
ʯǰһѰҿĻأһң֣ȴʯڴһ򼫶Ȼֶ̿˵Ŀ𡪡

޷һ㶣Ҳ֪˵⻰ǳԼǳűˣæʵңңôˣ˵⻰˵дϢа
һ£Ÿոմص֣Щȥ


296 . ջ
޷Ƕ˶, °ƽ˫ַҵĲһ, ǽϻء
ң˿ѱ಻˰˽, Ҳ, 뼡ѱ¶⣬ǻھҵĳ鴤ס
һ, Ƶȹڣв֮¡
ңѹҩ, һҧ˵Ĳ, ׵ûѪ⣬Ѫ˳Ĵ, ۰, ѩ׵ļγԱ, ԳĿ
޷Ǻͷһ죬Ѫӿ, 󲽿ǰȥ, һѽǸƷڵأһĨ˲һ˼ˣˣҲһᴩظ, 浹ء
ʣ¼˷׷˺, Ųѡ
޷ǳŭ
ЩӶǴСͱץڴ, ɥʧ, ˻Ұ, Ҳ˵ʲô, ֻƾηı˵, ɪһš
޷Ҳٶ࿴һֻۣǽңϣᱧת߳ʯҡ
ң뿪ɽȣһ·ȥһѪһմ࣬ȺУԵüȻŹ־㤡·Ƽ׷ÿһԶԶġ
޷ƳֽмҿᣬŻ棬ǰȥǰӭ͵Ļʵпշ𣿡
СƼһѪۣﻹһһѹֻ֨ӲͷƤ˽ȥ¥һͷ⣬ľƣСƿš
鷳Щˮɾѡ޷ִͳ𶪸ƣ漴ңԿżͷβδ̧ۿǸơ
С죬ֻӦһһõĻһ˼ˮʢ˾ˮľͰݷ£ֽһϡ޷ݽǵ磬סݵԡͰæ˳ȥ
֮ǰûסͷ࿴һһԵңʲŷ֣ԲѵŮˣһۣϵ£ѵһˡ
𣿡޷ǺȻʡ
ûûǸСһסͬĸ첲ҲƵܳȥ
޷ҡҡͷϷţ΢Ĭһ۽ţ漴תߵľͰԣºԡˮߵңǰ⿪
޷֮ȴѽ˴Ψһһദ޷ԡҲѰ֮£ûан
ϸ쿴ӣȷû֮󣬷˱𣬷ͰˮڣŮӼͷϸܵˮ顣ˮ޷ǵĿⶨ޳۽ϣвԾֳǰʯĻ棬ؾԾƿĿ⡣
Ȼ˶ٳȥȴң֪ʱ˫ۣ
̱˫۵ĲԾ͸ףѱ
޷ǻ˵㱻һץסǰϵһͷͰУ̱ȴ䲻Ǻһˮ
ˮ̧ͷȵˮ˳ջ䡣һ̣ĴѸˮӯܣΧơ
ʶңڽǼʯǰѱҩһֱǿѹƲδĵȥֱˮ֮УߣȻ
ҩЧʱķͣЧ׿޷Ǿֻ̾˿ӵ뻳
ˮ˱ͲաңɢǵΪ
봰죬հ׵磬ӿˮճɴĻʵӰ
Ůӵ˫ַľͰڣָӽ۵ţӨˮ˳Źֱ»ָĩˣͰڻȥ
Ȼˣҩδɢ
ɫ̬ڣ˿ˡ
޷ǲɵü
ϣôǰϸҶƬɳɳ졣
޷ңͰб𣬿ľͰ֮⣬ߵ߷£´๳ʡ
СԺԧϷر߻䣬׷
ֱ׭վӰб
ң˯ֻԴģƹǦһ㡣Ŷ˫ۣ˯޷ǣ΢΢һ㶡
ֻϡǵԼʯб龰֮±һƬ磬ȫȻûӡ漴ͷԼδȫסļ򣬲ԼƲ˺¡
΢΢˯ݣ̲סʳָĦա
ˣ޷ǵĻͳ뵡
šңݸһЦ
Ǹҩ޷ۣճ
ң˵ͷ
Ҳ֪˶ټôҲι޷ҡͷƮ
ңԣ΢΢һ㶡
˯һ޷۷һ̫ˡ԰գٴκ˫Ŀ
ңһȻڿһЦȥ
޷ƹӵ뻳ǰһǣ˵Щѽ̣Ҳ֪ܴܲҵĻɡ
ɲ˵ңǣЦ˵㲻˳۵ĵطɶˡ
Ҳûİ취һһɡ޷˵꣬ͷؿڣһ˯һɣĺۡ
ң̲סЦ˳ȴ˵
޷ǿ˿¶ĵЦһǣԾӵĿ˯ȥ
ɫһ㰵©ͣ¹б͸ֽյһƬס
޷˫۲ȥȴңſߣĿת
컹ûôϢ޷΢Цʵ
˯šңһתƤЦ㣬Ǹлɣ㵽װĶˣ
л˼Ҹ˹Ǹ󻧡Ůţϥ޺󣬲ҵһֱͣãûᡣ޷ЦлóݣұĻòģʬףζڹľ
ֻǷסѨ༸ʱн⿪ңԼ𣿡
ֻǵѨȻŲ˶ã޷ǵѨ㲻һˡҲҽߣ֪öӦš
ͤһ˵ġң˼
޷ǵҲûĶ֡ҪҲһ
ֻǾãлɲˡң˼ͤһֱУ²кý
òɣ޷΢΢ü̫Σˡ
ңݸҡҡͷƱ߹㣬ˮϸƼиԵαΡ԰գпȥȻĿ

ԣ
˵Ҳ


297 . Ҳ
ּС·, Ţ᫡
βƼԸظ΢ҶţʱʱͷһСžš
ҹ˯Ժ, ΰѼ, ȻֻʣԼһ, ԼǲǱˣȥ, ˻ĽŲæս˫װ˯
֮, ЩҪ֤, նεģѦǻ, һܲ⻰, ΢֮ڡ
, һأ˵ϾƼˮ, Ҳȷǡ
֪֪治֪, Щʲô΢ʡ
βЩԼĴǰͤİԺЩ޷һȥ֪, Լ, еϣ, ʲô̲, Ūûô
ԽԽȥ̫, , ҹ̸, ʲô游游һֱңΪҰﲻʲôܹǲҲ᲻һ
뵽˴βﾹЩҽ˿Լ˼̵ֻڶβֱһͷǿװЦ⡣
ǰУߣ;ϣȴԭ·ɽʯ£ֻƵС˼·࣬ԭ·ҲƲһȥ
΢ϢȥסǼᣬȥֻܴظ˵ңԣ޷Ҫˮϴԡһ£Ѫͷ϶Ǹĵͽӣ̱ˡȻɫͷɽ·˼ȥֻڴסһޣȵ̡
ҹ΢ֽһȥҪʧ޷ǰоϸϸ˵һ顣֪ң潫һи֪⻰΢˯ˣָ˵ɵѾͷƭ˶֪ˣһԹҶֶţǽˮ˵Ļ§§ңѾͷҲǹϣĵ
ǡ٣ʦ书ʲôԲסʦĵطʦҲԿɣɻѣ⻰Ƶͷת
ȥնεѾͷ֪Щʲô΢˵űҪš
βƴˣƫִ˽ֲҸĽŲʵĻҲܾš
ȻǸˣʹֶΣʻֱӡ΢
Ȼ˵˶βƷţȴûлӦһֻڿտҲæ¥ȥңһȦںԺβơ
βƱԶˣֽ½ǣһ壬ðתŶˡ
Ҳ鷳һ߰ɡβ۷죬વ
úûطϢ˵һ΢
βƵͷֳ˺һ󣬲̤С鲽߻طȥ
ҿıӰԽòԾȴ˵ΪΡصУڴϣ£շתߣ˼ǰ󣬻Ƿ´뿪ͷβƷǰţȴβƵĻ
ǳˣ˵ûҵ𣿡
һ飬һʱͷԷȣҲ㽫ƿûǰƣʹǰһԵڵء
ˡβ긦ؿǰһŵزѵңƲƲ¶࣬ǣ
˸ҡͤһҿϼͷһڵġ
ǡǲҲˣβƼʵ
˵˭ͤĿб
ҡ
ҪΪԼܹƿһУֻΪԼ¡ͤЦһ˿˿͸ζ㰮ʲôһʼ޹ء԰գﳤȥ
βƿȥķ˼
ǰںԺʢΪ㽫ԼǰһϢгʾԸöȹΣʢĻŽɣֻ˼䣬΢׷ĽŲת뿪
βһ¿䲻ȴҲòΪԼı΢ֵġ֤ݡǺ֪顣νаν֣ҲҪ
ңԣֻԼ°һ
ҹɽٴ뻧ԺӰζҡҡҷҷ㵽
ĻƿƴڳӪҵһתͷ㿴ס
С͵꣬пͲ࣬ĶǾ̵ˣʮһգҲûʲôĶ㣬һѪ۵𺳻棬һӶûǡ
λôֻˣ㶵գмλ͹ǣסڵء
ʲôˣңʵ
һһλ͵ķˣλ˵
һۣ߽ڣɻָ΢ǰʷ΢ţ棬һ㶡
΢ǣ֣̱㽫ңԣóɨһ޷ǣֳʵСӿɶй֮£
ҡң˿΢ֿһ޷ǣҡͷ˵̣ڲ˵Щʱ򣬻ǵѶ̲ƣͰһȥ¡
򵥣΢Ƴһ޷ǣԼԼ鷳ͬͻɽ
⻰޷ͷˮʲôҵ鷳
»˵𣿡΢Ŀ¶ģǷծ׻Ҫңã
޷⻰Ī
ңۼ㼴ס΢ͷУ޷ʹ˸ɫҰѰҽ𾪶βƣϽ̡
޷ǵ˵ͷתȥҷţȻ˰춼
޷ü΢
ң״æ˳͸ŷ쳯һпտҲ˼͵һڡ
ȥģ޷両졣
Ҫ¡ңƿŴ˽ȥڣһ˿ԤУһʱ˲޷ǵӣ㳯ȥĽͷͷϢͣϢ
͸֮ŵԹǣңνѴ̡
޷ǽ׷ҡҡ׹ӣ΢ڶ˳
ͤҪҾȻңˮܿƵ䣬Ҳ˿ǻ
޷ǼοȻһ̧ͷȴҵӰڣֻǵͷ֪Щʲô
ңңϲϸ޷ǵĻǰȥҵ֣Ҫ˵Ŀȴպö
նľȻпı֡
ңۣȻʱȻ֣ؿڱ㰤һƣһᣬڵء
΢ס޷ǣԼǰˣȴһӰңǰ
ȻǶβƣﻹһذףң֮ϣͬʱӰ߳ʢΪףŰΧ
ڸʲô΢ɴ˫ۡ
ֲֻǶ޷̫أһֱжйǣŻᱻβȡ
޷ŵǰһУþ޷
˵λͬЩڣЩԤɱǸֲʢЦǰᵶңͷɷǿ
뿴Ľ޷ָʢ΢

ԣ
˿̶βΪɣǣ


298 . 
μɵ, Ҳý͸¶ˣ޷ŭ
Ҳδ˵΢˼⡣
ǲǵ潻Ͳ³ˡβƵɲܹңǲ, ҵȻøԼı·
벻, ˕F, ͬʲôϵ޷ӣһʱ಻ס, ѹõ벻й˳, ĺ, лңΪβ, Ҫһе, ΪҪȥ, ƽܵһ²һжҵ, жٲɿ֮, ðգ֮ԣܺʲôӣҪԼǰ;ע, ֻΪȡɫʲô޴Դ, óֵòʧ֮£
΢߬ȭ, 鸴, ֪Щʲô
ȴڴʱ, ҵӺȻ̱ȥ, ڵ, Ѫɲ
ңң˻
ϻܵ˱δȬϷһƣô˿̣Ȼߡ
ʱ䣬ʢĵңֽ˰磬
΢Իͳţٸߡ
򿪣ҿʢǸһ˿Цݡ
΢ֽһǣ¶¡࣬ȴһűֽһ𣬱紵ҳǷ𣬷ϡﻩ
޷Ѹž˵ķӣȴÿдವһ죬һ΢һԣȻһ̧ۣȴһеϣصȼ
΢֣ٿЩţȻΪɻңȻ޴档
޷ŵǰһУѳ㡣
ңңһʱ֮䣬ܲˣסβƼذ׷УִСͬʱʢĵҲһ೤ѪڣƤѸٷԴԴӿѪ
ʢⲻѣȴһԭ޷ǰһгնΪأնһǡɽֱȡġ
˵һӵϣͼס죬ȴնڽ£ԭֵĽͷʱѪ
ңѪƿ˵Ķβƣ˵Ҹǰָ̽ĺ
䱾Ǿ綾Уλ
ңѼʬʹ޲ֹ
βƷ˿ڣȴһ֧䴩Ŀڣ
һȫ˼ͷԣ˽ǽͷݣ˭ЦΪΪͼıͷֺáƣվһա
ʢɱ֣˼ÿģྡѱ޷ǽ¡
Խأϥ򣬷·Ѻľȫľ֮࣬һĻĻǰס֣ɲ½µΣ׶һ㶤Ŀڣ۵޷
ǰѪ꾭ӪرߣŻѪһʻһΪ˽Ҵ࣬ƽ
ɵͷȴһա
㾳㹻״ݻ٣·ŶԸֻЩϺзĶ
鲻֪ǿЦ˳ű䣬½ϣʪһƬϵѪˮγһȻŵĻ
һüĽŲͣڶǰ
ң̧ͷʵۣö˫ͫס
ˡͤҡͷǷҲٹ򡣡
ԭ棬һݣңЦȻˣ
⡣ͤЦǶģ̫Լ¡
ôʲô壿ңҧأһһ
˵ءͤһ䣬ЦζתԶ
ͤңͻȻ̧ͷӰ̣Ѧף㲻Ҳջ٣֤һʹң⣬㲻𣿡
Щֻģȴ⡣ͤЦֻҪ룬Ѵ֮ɱֲЩˣǵ÷Ѿ˼֤ס
˵ţعͷǹ𣬶ң¶΢Цһһ˵ֻҪ㲻ʹ죬Ҿʹ졣԰գЦﳤȥ
ңĿⶨϣ͡
޷ߵԶ£ḧ󱳣ȴҶԡ
΢ãȻһȻ̱ڵء
ңĿһǿͼұȴˤȥ޷ǻС
Ҫʲôʵ
ҴӦҪȥһң˵
𷣣޷ʵ
ңҡͷĿȻüᶨ
㡣޷ǵ
ѩɽ캮Ƚ档ң
޷޷ǵڲ䵽ʲôأءвзϣΣ
ңԣĿ
ͷϿǰ죬ȴûҳģһȻʧɫ
ްһֱӵѩɽۣ֮ããģɽͷİѩҲһ
ңƼأǿ֮ĩʣѲ֧ңɽԽصء
΢֪Ȥ뿪֮ǰص޷Ǻúտ
˹˳һ·ضȥңǿ֧ӣôȰ˵Ϻۣʼңһԡ
̫ǿԼһصɽϱƷջԲѡ޷ǵȣһξ˿ûкļ
ҵһף˶⧲ȴ޿κΡ
һҹڴ˳庮±ƽʵк£
ΪһأԹ˭ɫʵ
޳Ѳ⡣庮µԹˣ뵱УʵΡ
ֻ
ʲô庮µֻӦְ˽ɽ
ſ˭һеʼٸߣ߽һ
˵ʲô庮ü΢
˵ǰһбǷƽ˾˷ҪɣҲͲкߵ¡ƣԽأǱҲ԰ȻɽϡֻҪû˹ֻҪԷûֻҪû˱佭һжתٻʦſΪܣٲùһˡƫƫΪԼĹ˽ģƵ˼⣬òһС
Թң庮µ̱и̬֮Ӧǡ
㵱겻̧֪ɤ⣬ǰƽ˾һжûпʼʱʲô֪ΪһҪɽΪһҪð֣Ϊ޵Ǹҵ𣿴ףӦ㣡
庮˫ĿһһԲ
ҵٶԹҲáң·ѳ֣ô
ӣҶ˽⡣庮µʲôҲˡ
֮ˣҲˣЦתԸſɽǧĪڰ԰գȥҲ
ǰִ֮ܿ㱻ѩɢҡ̡˫˫ͬңУʱĶ
ҩݡ޷һ죬վǰҩȴһԵ̵
˵űǰӹҩݵǰ޷ҲȥСķңҨһҩһιС
Ժôѽ˫˫ģһжúõģͻȻͱʦЩŮˣ
˰ʲôҶúñ޷ӣԼĶң򢣬ҩ˳Ų졣
˫˫ԣĿתңιҩģȻпһֱôչʦá
޷ǲԣһĻĻ£ģ̾˿
ҲҸû˵ĵطǸѦѦʲôһܲô꣬Ҳ԰˫˫
ĵġ޷ǻҡͷ
˭ģǸѦ𣿡˫˫ֱӣǾҺˣֲҪĶźˣͶˣ
ңܸġ޷ҡͷ
˫˫ҪʲôҲûУʦֱԩ˵ɱˣôȥǡ
޷ֻҡͷһԲ
ҩιһ룬ңۣ˹
޷Ǽˣæף󱳣˵Ҷ˵úأúúϢ


299 . ˳
˯˶ãңץ, ۵һ˿̿֡
Ѿˡɳ˫˫Ѷ࣬, æͷ, , ʦ㣬ں, ǧҶ
ΪҡңӦðͻ
ʦѾ˵, ²ܹǡ䰲ο, Ҳ̫𣬵а, 뵽µֶζԸ, ҲǷʤ
ңֹ, ֡޷۵رס, °ٸн, ۿʪǿˮȴ˵һ䰲οĻ
˵žô𣿡˫˫, ˵ʲôʦ㲡˾͵Ͽɽֵز, ʦŶ̻, ˭ܻסأ
ɽһֱ, ǣϴ, Ҳ仰һ, ɡ
ҾͲ, Ҫɱܵס𣿡˫˫
ǳΧˣҲʮ֮ã޷ü΢ɱɽ¡
ھߡңס޷ǵ֣Ѿ˰ңҲø˱ǣڡҪ֤ʲôˣ˭鷳ұɱ˭Ůͷժˣһɱһ徻
֮ȴ졣
ңߴ·̾Ȱˣ֮󣬱飬ǻ
ңԣҧҧ÷ŵͷֳĬһ̧ͷɨһʦˣ޷ǵ֣밲һȳȥһ͹ˡ
һҪúϢ˫˫
ңһףû˵
Ⱥ˳ţ뿪̽ŹϡңͷŷŽգ΢΢һ¶һ˿ȻЦ
޷ֱ̽̽ǰ¶ȣ˿ˡ
ô죿ңʵ
ǵҳѦ䣬㡣޷ǵ
ңĬãȻʵûпܣԼ
ɡ޷һס
᲻ɵɱңңʡ
Ҳ㣬ֱһ̡޷Ŀᶨݡ
ңЦЦο۵ȴֲԾӹһ˿ǡ
ĬƬ̣˵ʵһ㱻޴ߣҲһֱǺúõģǲΪ㣬𣿡
˵ʲô޷üһ
Щ˻ģΪҵ˺㡣ң§Ĳӣֱ˫Ŀ۲ת紺ˮ컡
ܹ㣬áңݺ衣ڳָ֣üۡգͣڴǣ飬ȥ
޷üһƿ㻹ˣҶ
ңݸһЦһģ˵ͷ
ҹɫ
ѩɽռţֻХҲ
ڴߵ޷ǻ˫ۣһʱͷͣ벻ԼǺʱ˯ŵģȻһ齣ȴտҲ
ŶѰ޹֪˺ɽ¹֮Ǹ¼ŵӰʱ˹ȥߺһң
ңźɽޱ߼ʵİѩȻ˵ɽˣȥۡڴˣ¼ѩ޺ۼ
֪ѹƻδȬܣһ²
һ²ͬңͷɫȻΪңһ˲Ƕתתȴߵأֵ𣿡
ôֵã޷ǵֻҪƽ£ʲôֵá˼룬ͬһȥ˵űҪǣ֡
ң˺󣬺Ȼγ嵶ָüģ𿿽ҡ
㲻Ҫɵѵ¡޷Ȱ
ű٣ǰŬ֮һ棬ҡ
ԼǰʹҲ֪ңԣҵζʲô
ҲƣҲҪȫססһ⡣ʼƽľ
Ȱ뿪㣬ûдӦң󲻾ã㱻£ˣЩ
ⲻ¡޷ǵʱڳ֮˸˽ġ˭ϣѻų
ΪֻҪҲκ£ҪġңÿҶϣƽ£ɴδνڸᡣʦᰲһ⣬˺òһףʧԼʲôãһ١ٶΪ
ҵ˵𣿡޷ǵ㣬ҸϡȱΪڣЩʲô
˵⻰ʱҲʹúܡ
ǰʹԼʧȥǿ̾գÿԼˣܾĥĿȫǡ
ǸˣΪҶšңûңҲ⸱ģһǵӣƵ󻳣ѣ۵סﶼй⣬ϦԨ
ңң
·˼գҿ߲ȥˣңЦҡͷ֧Ŷأ
޷ǻҡͷ̬۲ѡȻĵʼն׼üģ޷ǰ
죬گ뿪յԭʱĹҹ㡣ңš˸ԸڣֻҪܻȥƽ
Ҫʱ㣿޷üͷҡͷĿԽᶨ
ġң˵ţȻתԼ
Ҫʲô޷Ǵǰ
ҪȥˡңɫȻҪôձڴһ˰ˣҪôתһصߡ
޷ҡͷŵң㵱ͶԼ˺ģһҲ鲢ûеΪֹһҲлأΪƫҪ
ӮǻḶ۵ģ˭֪һĻ᲻㣿ңʧߺ߲ߣ
޷ҡͷһ
ңһԲӻȡǴ
޷˼һңң㡭
ǧѩɽ͸ңһһңһ֣֮㲻Ƕˣ
㲻ܡ޷Ǳ˾һĻŲѣǿ񣬷˵ܲȷһߣ̫أٴطϢȥ𣿡
ң΢΢ͷ֮̽⣬۶ӣڲϵĵҲ޷ǼиͷʯҲ£̽ųɽ䱸ߵǰ
ȴʱң۵һ˿ײķâȻ֣ػ޷ǼرܣֱָȡţȴһУַںסѨǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ
ңȻ̱ѩأꡣ
ѩ亮ȴԶԶ͸ġ
ҲߣҪңȻǣ˵һΣҲô˽ˡ
ѩҹļţ̶̼ʱȴǧô
ȵ޷˫ۣǵڶյ峿ʲŷԼңУ߰裬̿
ӳ⣬һˡ
ҹ֮⣬ҵ˵ɡĵҲ׷׳֣ɽҰѰңȴûҼңӰ
ʱ֮޷֧ڵأĸڱİѩ֮ϣŷ
˶ôԶ˫˫̾ʦڵ书ж߰
òµյ˵Щǡ޷شأԼûڲѣôܹôܹˡ
뿪ɲңֻһľչˣһľġ
һΣȴŪˡ
һɽˡ޷ǸƽվƢȥ
ǰһǡ
ٱ޷ҡͷȻ̼ѿڶ飬ǲٲˡ
ãã˺ҪѰһˣ̸ףй˵
һҵ޷תȥһһ䣬ᶨҲһʧ԰գ̼ӿŲɽ·ȥ


300 . ӦѶ
ͬǾ, ɽϺݶɽȴԴҶ
ĴϷ࣬ѳµϷ룺Ů֪, Χ, δʵʩ, вʣ㽫ħ֮̽λ, ΨһŮŮԺ󣬡ʿ, , ɱ¾ҪΪĸױ, ȴվʿ¡
ңڽ, ЩʵϷ, ҡͷЦȥ
, ŮΪĴ, ԽԽֵСɣҲɥ, š
Щ޶˵ɱ¾, ޹ϵ, ȴͷϡ
һ, һáŻ, ģĴ׳߽͵, ·˶һ, ɨܣλãֻңһˣ˹һӣָָԶһ˻ҵĿСǶǶȥүҪ
ôλãƫһţңһЦˮСһڣ
٣Сǵͦʣ֪Ǹ˭𣿡Ϊ׵ӣָ򢣬üһõǲҪ״үһڣүҾԭ㡣
ң⻰һЦ˳̧۳һƳЦ˵ղ˵ʲô
Сǣû㡣һԵĹӽӲλǳĵҪǲʶȤĻݹˡ
ôһ˵һе㺦¡ң˵ţ³һֻĲ˵
Ƭ䣬һͨڵĺᵶ¶˳
ʱ̨Ϸ룬ŮҶɽׯɱһۡ
֪ʩׯϵѵ
񳾣֪ĵ
̨ˣΪӪΧѽѽ¿һƬ
ңɨ̨ĵֵܼǰЦɣѵҲһ֡˵ţĴָڻһ࣬ƳҲ񳾡˵˵ɲɣ
˵⻰ڵظһ˿ɱ⡣
ԣȻɫ䣬תܡȻΪ˻ûܳ㱻ңһѿסͷ˻һϲ
ŮŮŮС۲ʶ̩ɽͷŹҰɡ˻˵һ룬ʪˡ
һʱڴ
˼䶯һʱ˾ãƼ˾ˣŵ˳ȥ·񱼡
ңΣ־Ц־
»ɽһĺƯӲǣҲû֪֡
ҲԾɰַ֣ˣȴ϶
ġ¡粻Ҫ
ˡңõ˵յߣζҲɱˣʶģھ͸ҹ
⻰ͷʱһɵӳ
ңѱ¶ݣȻҲ񳾱㷭뿪֮ʱǰᵶĴֲ°ѵ
ȥݵ۽ɽׯ鿴һ˭֪˰;ȴѹѹһƬ˸סȥ·һϻǰ·ĸˣϻδͬе㡣
ֻһûܿޣȡ֮ģŵĻ
ְңƤЦⲻЦһִץȥ
ŮʦҲϷŹӰͨ죬ָңʦʦĻʺĴȴ𱨽Ǵɽ£֪˶񶾵Ůˣ
޺½ˣң´󾪣ȴ¶ֻЦһֻۿҸɵˣ
ѦΪ׻˴¾ЩΪĺ˲ô
˵ŮȴҪţɫÿ£͸ɱ
һ֣˳벽ҡͷ̾һоǿϧ֮ɫ
ң÷ϻᵶǰĴָڻ֣ƳȴȻԶһʮĸߺ
عͷȥֻƼһ˳ףµݡΪ׵һӣһࡣߣͳһ磬೤ۣľơ
⡭񼣣Ѧׯ֮УһۺᣬߺѦׯˣ
һƬȴûһǶңƺѡ
ңؿ룬ģӣǺ𣬷һЦ
Ȼһвڣˡ
λˡѦƥǰæ£˹һһǸвѦĳ˰㣬о綾Щ˴£λӢĪ֡
ѦׯĻϲţ˵ĺ°ɲ֪Ů
ǾǣѦׯɵΪ¿Ψлһء
ãǰѦֹ󣬼Ѧׯ
úӡѦͷߵңǰһ·ΪϧƵҡҡͷ̾񡭡ģĸס
Ѧׯĸݣңü΢
ҿλҲǴ֮ˡѦ֣µݺ˵ҵڳλǽ֮Уͷʿ᲻ףҪ


301 . ¾
ʲô, ׷¶֮ɫ
շ֮£ϷšѦ˵λ, Ů̵, ΪʼնǶ, ´ͣ
⡭ԣ
ңɫ, һԲ
ͬǣһӦѦ, ˵Ļ, ûýȥ
ѦׯӦδŮСһ, ǰһʵ
ҵһȡѦߵңǰ, һ, λˣ
ң˫ֻ, ɨΧڸǰһ˵, һԲ
ɽշйأѦʵ
ңҡҡͷ
㱼䣬Ȼִ, ǰ֮ĿϿ, һǫǫӵģ, ˿΢ݵǰ, ǸĻϲ, ٰƵСˡ
ǿ½µ, ֻҲҪƭȥ, 
Ȼûɱˣ֤ܹ֤Ѧʡ
Ҷɽׯ֮գң΢ɫζ֪
˵ЦˡѦҡͷɫ̹Ȼ˼Ƭ̣ڵϷи飬֪Ը
˵ңֻ˵һֶŻ
˼ԶҵȥһˣǴһʱգڼ䣬춯֤ĴѦȻҲɼǿֻҪסɱ˼޻Ĵ̿ͣס
ֻһ⣬ңļ޻ҪõϢⰴֵΣ
Ȼ취ѦЦ˵ͬˣ
ңԣЦֻһ񺮡
롣Ѧ˵꣬ÿһʾңС
˼״ǰסȴѦ¡
˫̹£͵ϮʧӢ۷緶ѦСѣοԸҵȥ˵̹ڣҵٶ֣
ң⻰ζӳ£֪ζ
ǰһȥɽǰһλ˵Щ£к棬˵˵ΪϻѦһӦ֮ܣɺ֮ˣ
ֻһ仰ǾͿԼˣ
ԭҷԴһ仰ɺµĽģ
鴫
ѦǵԸ⡱ףҳף˱湦
ܾͬ
־ܣȴֻʲô
ң㯣ȻʧЦ
ָѦ󣬲Ƶ̧ңƺл˵ȴ˻ȥ
ңܻϢܿ촫¡ִѦֽеĴϲеľﲻѣ׷׶ɽ
УľĽุӡ
ڶ׼ĵڣh˽
ļҸڹסãȻұ¶ݣ˺Ϥ㶼˵ˡӶ˶üΪܣЩĽ๲һ֮£Ҳ㺣ֻǶƣļҼŵϱδ͸¶ࡣ
Ѧǰһֱִҡڳ֣⡣hɻ󣬡ңôԸأû޷ȥ˺δ
ɵ࣬ôӳ顣ľֳ̾㲻żͬȥ˵ҲֻϷбļƻ
ҲҪȥh
סľҡͷֻδ¶˵ͷ֤ݾʧѦ֪ĴڣƲ׷Ź㲻书ȥʵ̫Σˡ
ϲңhҴС͵סѦ֪ҵ޶οҴСӴƶòӰ죬ͬ˫׺֮Ҽ书ֻ˵ǰδŵӣӦỳɵҵϡ
ԽˣĴԽȫšľ˵
ɹҲܷ𣿡hЩϢϢأôܹİ⣬գ˵⻰ľ޶ݣĽ䣬Ƶҡĸ첲һ㣬⳯ȥ
Ľһ㶣±ԸͶȥȵ񣺡
˰ˣ㱣ľβѣ˰֣ת߿
˼̣ձɽšδɽĽͷһ£ͷһס
վǰģ޷ǡ
ôҲˣ޷ǿhĸ⣬ȻĽģ׹
ûͬһ𣿡ľ
˵޷һ̯̫ͻȻпͬ͡
ҲգáľͷͬһɽɣֳϹݣҲ̫ͻأ
޷ǲɣ롭
ֻվ˽ŸŸл𣿡h˵
޷
ػ𣬽õǳ
ݹʾӣһƬ档
ǿ֣ԸͬĻٴݡɼ㲻ѦһģҲϳɣ
ã޷ڻǵ˵ͷ


302 . ˼
޷ǵһۿѦ, һǿҵѹȸֻܲɫ˳ӦһУ˵Ÿ˵ĳ滰, ݲݽ
½, Ƿ񹫿, ԱѲҪٴĻ, Ҳ۲һˡ
˼˵ȣѼϻ΢һȡ, ǿвɢң龰, ҲĬ϶˴ʱѷֿڶ˼ʲôʲôǲ֮, Ȼ֦ڡ
ֶ, Ѧ޷Ǽͷ, ĳ֪, һǸöտЩ, Ҳˡ֮Щǿˡ
ѦׯҺõúܡ޷ƤЦⲻЦӦ
벻, ԭô, 𺣸п, ѹֵŮй, ԭΪҲӵĸסһŮ˼, Ϊȫ, Ϊ֮, Ҳпԭ
ǹȥ£㲻Ҫˡ˵λųԶҲˣЩϢٹۺЧ
ǾǣȿǻشºܿнѦλųϣЩطЪŰɡ
ľɽ½ĻСˣƼѦһѣšѦׯɱǰӯͲ¡
λ˳̵ġѦ۽Ȼ봫˵һ㣬ľߴ緶
ϧڳˣ֪Ŀģȴ޼
ңںɽһͷ֮סѦǰû˿Ѻֻסɽɽͨļڡ
Ѧԭ˵ԸˣıȻҲԸϸɵ࣬ޱҪ˿ܡΨһҪģÿչ̶ʱͬλųϺȺȲ裬˶֪뿪ɽ
û֪Ѧ«ʲôҩңҲʮϣżһչ˯ͷŻŻЩͷ⣬ʲôҲû
Щ½֮ǰɽס˺üաЩӣҲǳƽûκΡŮˡϢ
ңԤϵ˻˽˿δе⡣ֻ˼ȥʼղ²Ѧһô
Ȳ裬޷Ǳǰ£۵׷ɿӹһ˿죬һЦɰҲ
޷ѸٴһۣҡͷһЦиһ˿Σͷӣû
ȻңüһЦ漴߽
޷ǿıӰʱһɵС
ôˣĽʵ
ôã뿪Ժ󣬷ɷɫԽԽã޷ŵɫþòȥ
ǹϷ㿴أĽһ˼
޷ǻҡͷ˼ת߿
ƻճ
ԼĪʱ֣޷ң⣬˷š
ɡңȻ·ɽˮġ
޷ǳƬ̣ƿš
£ʱˣпùҵšңھǰ࣬˸ӣţұţƺڱȶζ
£Ҳûôõġ޷Ǽ̬˼ڸʲô
жܽػ㣬Щһңָһ࣬ݵǰţĸΪ񣿡
޷ǿ˿ֿ˿࣬˰ΣҪϲĻ»Ұѽӵܽ࣬
ˣң࣬ͳһŷǮݸ㡣
޷ǿһķǮǵһȥǰǧᡣ
˵ȫңѷֵҲ˼һֱšұˣңЦҪȻԺҪ¶޽ͷ
أ޷Ǽ˵֮£ڷ⣬нʹֹҧĬãһ仰ǲǺ޲̴ǰʧôֿ
ȻأңŷǮУЦѵһҽտ˵ѽþţͬŮ˻һ𣬲ðɣ԰գԭλ뻳С
㡭޷ǴӻóŷǮҿʶҪ֮˺飬ȴǰ³嶯ۺңߵǰ£ɫ˵֪ڵĴΣգ
֪ңžӣմ۽ǵĶüµô²һʲô
ô޷ǵɴ˫ۡ
᲻ðңͷЦⰻȻ
ңң޷һ鴤ȴ֪˵Щʲô
˵ڵǾ̫飬Ǳֵ̫αˣңžӣֱַմһüָ
Ҳ뿴ܵκ˺޷ǿȻ
Ҳû취𣿡ңֻʳʶ̣ԸԸصߡ
Ҳһͬ뿪ΪηҪ
Ǿʵű׷ɱĺǡң
Ҳеǰ취޷Ǽ
֪ңƮƮ
ңǰˡ
ѵиõİ취𣿡ңͬģѦһͲúһСȻɽ֤׼¶κһΣȲҡ
޷üһԲ
ҪߺףҾǲġңͷҲԡ˾Ůȥ뷭£ҸᣬֱӰɱˣһ˰ˡ
񲻾ͳˡ
԰ңڲٿӣǻعͷӯӯЦԣ̫úͬ³
˵Ҳں޷ǵ
ںңЦ⣬ɫ˵ѾΪҳ˺ܶ࣬ҵϡãʹ࣬ұ𣿡
޷ԣ
ܺãҸλɣҲ۵㡣ң˹ȥɫȻ
޷ǾıӰãʵҪˣ
ңͷȴ𻰡
á޷΢΢Ŀ˿ֻʱǰŲ۵ӣȻָƽӻͳߵңǰý
ңɫȫ춯Դӻͳġ
֮䣬Ӵ塣޷Ŀƽˮһֻ֣򣬵ҲףӴƽ˳죬ǧС˵ĵ԰գתȥ
޷ǣңȻ
޷ǽŲһͣȴ˵
ȥ·ϵģɽҹ·ߣˤ˶֪ô¡ңҧҧЩĳɷ֣ȴ־ƽ
޷Ǵ΢зϲͷӦһ̧ţ߻ȡ
ңȻ£Ƶģ棬þòԸ
ͣԺ޷ǣ಻ܡ
֪㲻ѣŻѻ˵ϣԾǣԼžٶ᲻ġ
һֱң籦֣ķǣҪһɢҲһֱధ󣬲Ը˵κ
ɸղôˣȻӦĻƽϵСһ㣬Ҫ黹
޷ǺȻЩڣֱԼƣȴֽӲ˻ȥ漴ͷֿһңķš
벻һгȥץ֣ʣΪηҪߵز
ɽ𺣡ٶ顣
趼Ѵ
ͨ˴֮ˣηȪҲԸЯֹ
ȴĻˣֵַɣһ
Ը룬˴Ǽ⣬۽ǵᶼ˻ȥԶ
޷Ǿ䣬ع¼ҹˣ˯ˡĽ෿лŵƣ˼һ󣬱㼴ÿš
Ľǲ⣬ȻɫѣԼҲ׹ȻСʵȥҹˣ
޷ǽֱŲӣüŤ̬˵ͷ
˵ЩʲôĽһǰţһʵ
һѾ޷üͷչһҡ
ˣĽͷʵ
ء޷ǵ
òᡭ˰ɣĽ
ûС޷ǷϰĴȻ̧ͷס˫һҲҪ߸·
ǡȻأ
ҴӦҪ˻޷˵ţ㼴̯֡
һ԰ö˶˵ġ
ĽһڿڣһɤӣһƵıܿĿ⡣
ôǲǲף޷ʵ
ǡҪٻȥĽ̽ζ
϶ھͻɱҡ޷ҡͷ˺һȻأһ԰˶Ѿˣһֻʲô
ԹԼϰ죬תĽ࣬ʵѦô
ȻʵҲ޷ѡĽ
ֻ˲İš޷ҡͷҿһأѦ񲢲Ҫ
ɱڣ³˵ĽأһбֶΡ
޷ǵͷ˼˰Σȴǵ˻Ƶģˢվ䣡
ʲô䣿Ľ㶵
ϴҲֹˣԪҲÿ䡭Ȼ֪ôôѦҲһ֪޷ǵɫʱòҰףŶֱңڿͷ⣬Ҳ˲άԼ棬ֱߵ췿š
ֻңĽŲֻ겻ѣϰǰţһȣ͵һѣ㷳
Ѱѻ˵˵ȴڲزסмԹвʡ
˵޷֣ϻʱ򡭡
ĺ÷ҲңֻͬǴζʹһ㣬ǵ˵꣬һơ
Ǹղŵ£޷ǿа֣ϻϮӦԵĲֹԪһˣһ˿Ĵ񡣱ǻأޱٿز⣬ǿַŻᡭ
Ļû˵꣬ӿɱѹ֣
޷սսͷƼӰӽ˳
Щ棬ȴһ⣬ն彩ӲȻ˿ס
ˣ޷ң֣ǰߣ򻹲֪ᷢ¡ңңҡ
Ӧȥǰɽˡңֵ÷侲
ʲôˣ޷ǲ
ѦҪ֣ȻЩϢҴߣֻŪĶ˶϶ͬۡңһˣȥǣҪҡ
ôܶ㡭
ң˵꣬Ȼһ˦Ƴ֮⡣
ͬʱЩӰӵ£ŰΧ
ң޷Ǵʧɫ
ȥ˳Уңߺ֮ߣֻжŮ鳤


303 . Ըͬ
޷Ǹϵǰɽʱ, ǰһƬս˺
Ѧסһߣ̽˺һһ, ̸ߺⲻԾ, ÿɸȥﻹڲڷС԰, ĿͶ
һԵĳԨὣһɨǰ, ׯԸ죬ȥ
Ҳȥݲǰ, ⼸, ЩΣգǶЩ, һͬȥɡ
ִ, ׷׵ͷ, Եˣһɱһ, ɽȥ
޷üһ, ԶԶִԵеĶԪ㡣ǽŸϵ˴ģûκμҾ죬ҲδֳѦʮӡ
һѣһ, һ, ׼û¡
޷Ǻܿ㱻˿Ĵסɿ콫Х´˸, ʼ⡢ַָһ˵ǻ硢ҪѨ, ֮, ӿ첽, ľסȥ
󽣷, Ի
ЩľһֱСػ޷ǵܣ٣졣ˣ޷Ҳһֱûлۼһķɡ
˽죬ڼˡ
⺮裬ѸӰǱɰ׺磬أЯȡ硣ľǰһڣȴҲ˴˽洫һ֣óƣƳӿ
ܸ֪޷ǵĵ̵תƣ޷ɫ糣ݲյȥХ¹Ӱת纮գӣ
ˣľԣأ
ȥhˡľһȥɡ
hĽлԼȴδʽţ˷ɽ󣬱㱻ڿŮӷһӾס
ҹȥļҸӣ˭֪ǰ㱻ڵĵŵûӲ´һʦüʱϵһɨˣƻڡ
½ն׹£ΨһõŮӣҲѵΣüۼʾ侲ȣܹһ档
hﲻǵæֻܿţΰʣľľ䰤ƵűߣŶסԼһֻջƿ˵ݽǡ
̿ȴȻ⵱ڱ¶Լöı£ֻɪڽ䣬Щܹɢ
ߵĴȴԽԽң˿ûͣµ˼hֻԼ֮УͻȻ㿪ʼڡ
ҪԼûиǲǾͲᷢ£
˼ʱϤh
ࣿhԼΣԾһҲҶ
Ľֻһ֣ܿ㱻꽻û
ࣿô˵ĵǸǹĻ֣̿hŻƿɿ챼űߣ֣ȴûӦ
ĵȴм尾
hþ᲻ԾӿҭźͻȻһȻ̱ڵء
֪˶ãȻʧˣðʲôҲhɷ㶣֣ԼΣȴ㴫ĽǵĻhû°ɣ
hԭأͬʧ˻һ㣬һҲ
hûӦ̽һ
󣬼h㿴ȶˣܵײһ㣬顱졣
ϰ죬Ųű߿һСڡ
Ľ̽ͷ￴һۣĿӡ
hٴ
żͽĽ㣬ȥߣһƿƿڣɿhԶ£ӣϸһȷδ˺󣬷ӵ뻳Уḧ󱳣οȥˣѾûˡ
h
ȵƽ˷뿪ͷͬµһǰɽȥh֪ڲǰһпĹ˴ɽң˲پڴ˼Ľˡ
صǰh޷ǰʯϣ˫ֱͷ۽գһʹ಻ģ
Ҳۼڴˣŵȴ˵
ѦׯĪ̫ãûŮļ˵ͼƻõģװôЩֱ֣ǡ
ϷˡѦһʹ̾һΪ£һճСȾаԣ˭֪
ᣬɱûЩˡׯ˵
Ѧׯԣ֮ˣʵܲٿصͨ񣿡ԨüͷҲ˵ϴγϵЩˡ
䣬̵Ѧֻ̾뵽Χ֮ħѷҵϸأҪˣҲԳɹȴ硭ҵĴҵĴ
ô࣬һֵѿȷϣ鶼Ůɱ˷Ż޶Ѧׯ˵ǲǿˣ
Ѧһ˼ȴ⴫һЦ̧һȴ޷վ
⼸գɽϣ˿޷ʵ
ȥȻɱˡ˵
ȻͬΪβڼɱˣƲУ޷ǽ˵ͺñȥҰѵϽ֣ɱ˺ֳ㶥Եļ޻Ȼһ
ǲǶŮδ˰𺣵
ѦüȻչͷ΢Ц蹫ӵĻȷЩ
ʲŸλȥǰסĿͷд򶷵ĺۼ޷ǵ˭Լ˳֣д裬ҲӦ⡣
Ӱָ޷ǵ㵽վıߵģҪɱˣ㻹令
ԾΪо飬ʵˮ𣿡޷üëҲδ̧һ¡
Ѧ̾˿ȦȻߵǰʵ£γô
еӡ۵͸ɱô
ԨڲԶ˿
Ѧ˽ңѺɽ֮˽¿̸֮䣬Ĩѯ˪ʦͽһ£ְ棬ٸʵס
ںǳ嶯Եˣû¶˻ɵļ
ҲԾе桪Ϊ˪ҲͬǴɱ½ն˵ɱһÿ䣿
Ϊ½׹֮Ǵ̿ʹ¬ʤҲϢʧټ
ѦһȦ̾һʵλĻеֻѦĳã»ϸ飬¶ۡ
Ѧô£ʮ겻ͷڹһȺ֮У֪˭Ů˲Ǻû㻹ʲô˼ӢܡǷƨ
ҿãѦׯˣլʺ񣬿ѵΡҿǲѡһµ£ױܹƻ󣬻˴֡
λ´ɱ𣿡Ѧأʵ
˵ŮɴɱҲܷŹ˵ȻҶɽׯϰԩֵ꣬
´鷸֮ˣ˵ٸϰҲ飬ֻ谤ͷ㹻ˡ޷ǵν壬ҲǷǣֻץγǩǩдȥĶǳɸɾ˳羴
С⳪ҿǱŮԻҲʲôöһ⻰һֱָ
޷Цоǲмη֮طϡ԰գ㼴ת߿
ڣ˵ȣ۲ݣֻ޷һǰСԶصͷ¡
ӰģΪ飬Ъûһ˿졣
޷ǿԽ㯡
ϻؽͻѩɽǰǶ˱ɽĪִ¡ңֶ뿪һУֵԴ
ԽЩԽʹԼ
ǴʲôʱʼˮѶϣ
ǰһǰȥ
޷ǲЦҡŶңң˵ﲻֻжŮ鳤֪ѲǴǰˡʲô壬Ҷ¡Ψһģֻһ˶ѡ


304 . 쾻»
¹ǳ, ҹࡣɽ鲼᫣в£ˤǡ
ңɽ, ƵƵƻδȬ, ʵʩչ, ֮Щ˿ˣҩٿ, 죬ڲ, ͷܿ׷
һ·, Խ׷ԽĽŲ²ҲԽԽ졣֪ɽ޹, ҲԸ, Ȼӵ, ٴԾ𣬷ԶЩпɽ, ȴɶ׷ᡣ
ûûˡңҧ, ¶ѦʹֶһأȴʱȻһŤͷȥ, ǰֶһƬѹѹӰ, Χס
Ǻˣңͣ½Ų, ˡ
ȻɽġΪ˵
Ѧׯ׼ÿܵңһ, бӳ, նǰ, ˵ȼ״һӵ, ְ˽סȥ·
ѾʵʱҲˡ˼˵˳ǣܷһ·
ðң˵ţ˫ֺյնâӰӳ¹⣬ѩͷ
кᵶ󿪴ϣ⣬ӵ˼£䣬ͷ˼书֮ߣзһХú־ࡣ
ңŲæ˱öٿ֮䣬бȺƿһխ·
ƫʱң˿ڣһ˺ѰľʹϢֵ֮͡׵бѽţȴٻ˰̣˵ÿմϢܹƳϮ
ңˣЩײһ˵棬ֻõ沽Ծһŷ̤ͷ͵һ׹
ֻùǽ֮죬˷ҺȺ󵹵ء
ʱϸ΢ƿ죬վȺΧĺüӦء
ңס˭
˭ҹɫ֮УһӻȻϵ˼ʱȤȤ
ǡɣ䭣ң󾪡
վɫ£ҡһСȣɫ次
룿˷׷סܿعӳбйɣ䭡
ЩпĴҲûţһ볯ңϮ
ң̧߿һˣִԵػһţʹ֮ʵأŤͷɣ䭺ô
һش㣬ȥɣüһϿһۡ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һЯɽ֮㸲ˡ׵ԣӳӣüĿʣࡣ
ȻҶ
ңвֶ˼֣Ȼ󾢷ֻܻ׾ٵӭϡͷ˼˰֣еƼתԴңš
ҶǰͦػȦת£ۡΪ͵سбǰȴһĨҫ۵Ĺ⣬ֱĿѣ
ңĵûκγֱͣն´˰۰
ʣµ˼״׷˿һֲ֪ٴΧ£ɽңÿһ綼ɱɽһ㳯Ϯ
þΪֽǳɳıСʽ֮䣬ľ֮ͨغϵԽĬ
꣬棬ڴ׷ɵҶ䴩֮ƣԽֻ÷쪣Ҷ£Ҷ˫һǰһֱӽͷ֮رᴩѪ糱ӿ
ôᵽңְεҶʵ
뿪˵Ҷɫףɷ˵֣ɽȥ
ɣͳһʯҷۣɢ춼ǣ׷߻λϡ
ֱȫ֮ʲŷŲ
ôˣңҶ֣Ťͷһɣ䭣ֻعͷʵ
ɵˣȻٰװҶ
⣿ң⡣
ңʲô˵ģɣҡСȣ˵׾ظңͬŷָסϲշ߹ҿɲ⡣
㣿ң׹ԭϲˡ
ֲʲôù¡ɣ֮ԱǣûʶСѾͷ
Ҳöʡң
˵⻰ͣ½Ųͷһŵķ
ѽɣһֵģ㵽᲻˭ѽ
ֻǲ֪Ѧ񻹻᲻ˡңߵôæ鿴ɽΣǿ֪ô£
֪ѹûȥɣ˵ţǺȻһ˿Цǰʵô˳°
˵ôҪ׾أҲƲ㡣ң
Ƕ𱨣ղҿɾ㡣ɣֲҶ㿴Ͱ͸أ˼û㡣
˵䡣ҶƳһۣ
ɣ̾˿Աȥ˵
ҪȥȷһʧҶߵңǰʵ
ˣǰѦһ˵ǣܣܲˡңԸûв̫ˡ
˵ģ벻ףΪ㻹Щ˵İΣɣ䭴ǰ˵һģڿŮȡ㾹ǵ
ҵѦо˷ָӦֹңĻడӵһμ㵽ڣûͣ졣
ΣҧҰɣһת
ңһۣ˫ֻۣȥ
ȻˣɽɡҶң֣ãм㡣
£ң֣ʵڲ˵𣿡
ҶһĬ̾˿ͷɼǵǰҶ˵Ҫɱһˡ
סңһס
ǰһֱҲˡҶ
ѵң򣬺Ȼɴ˫ۣ˵ģòѦɣ
Ҷͷ
ǡɱģң
ȻǣҶҡͷصġ
ңһ㶣þòûع
е仨⣬ˮ飬ɣ̾Ϣߵң˿Щ˰һϣһڵ£ƴҲšߵǸס
ҶûߣңֱҶ˫ĿҪ˵
⡣Ҷ
ңεתָɣ䭡
Ҷɣ첻ѣҸôϢ㾹Ȼң
˵䣬Ҳᶯ㡣Ҷ
Уɣ䭵ͷԣôʹһ£ҿɶߣʲô˵ˡ
ңбŤδһ𣬶˾롣ɣŤͷһۣյҶǰСʵ˵ֻ˵һûˣʱ򻹲룬ȵʱ
㲻òģҺܡҶƽ
ΪΣɣ䭲⡣
㻹ǱɡҶ
ɽ£Ҷɣ䭽ңȥǰñõšң뵡ѼԴһմͷ˯˹ȥ
ҶվԺУźĴɫԽ
ͲˣɣǰõʱΪβĻ˵ѵʲô
ܲѦĿδ֪Ҷ
𣿡ɣʵڹ¼ҹˣõʱѵʲôҲ
㻹С𣿡ҶŤͷһֻҪԼȡһܵõԼһˣл룿
ͬ㻹治һɣ̹Ȼ׵ֲϲˡ
ҿһҶ˵꣬ת߿ȴʱﴫҵĿ
Ҷɫ䣬һʱ˲Ů֮ŴڣȴŴأסŻѪæߣסӣʵôˣ
ǰˡңĸ첲ɫԽԽ࣬ǿ˹ʵǡ
ôȥУҴȥܹ㡣Ҷ˵ţɷ˵ᱧ𣬿첽߳ȥ
ҹÿһҳеţǿһңȥҹϻɽһʯ
һͷԼԼ塣
ңʶڣǿͷòȻŹǸŵʻȻˡ
Ҷ˱ݣͷҲ˽ȻסһʵϻͬһǸأǲķ𣿡
ֻ˽ûʽءɣ䭹ǻֵ˵ҲûԺˡһӵܣһħŮⱲӶн
ô˵ͽлˣͷЦҶ
ʦĪҪ˵ЦˡҶ
ͷ˵ͷڴ£ѹ࣬ȻʮأĬãʵܵЩˣ
̽಻Ϊ֪ңҪңҺ޷֮
εΣҪЩͷͷ˵Ϣߣв߻ħһζһ죬ͨ
⣿Ҷüͷ
ȶϾӣͷ˵ҰѾͷ
ңãݳ˫֡Ҷ֣Ⱥ
ͷֲãͬʱұۺüѨλͬʱ°ѹ
ңʹǰ𣬻ð亹ͷһᣬȥʧȥ֪
ҶɫҰףϢýûУһʱ壬һЩڵء
ͷ̧֣ע
ңȻһȴȻڿץ·ץסƵġҶˣʶȥס
ңץס֣ͷ漣滺ȥƽ
£ֵʱ˭ɣ䭺һ䡣

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ɣ䭡ǿ


305 . Ϊ˪
ңһܳΡ
, صɽ۵ıѩأһһѩǰСһ̧, Ļѩ, ̧ͷ, ѣĿ۵⣬Ƶս˫ۡ
羰Ȼɿ仯, ɽ꣬ĺ, л, ȪȻһз, ɿת, ֺȻʧ
ֻ, ԼƴӸߴ׹䣬һƬī㻯ĺڰ, ·׹, ޷
ʱ޾ĺڰϷһֻ֣̽Ҳ룬˫һס, ֻֽקڰЦؿǰ, , Ϊ, ܲꡣ
ȴʱ, , Ʈ׹, ǰ˻͸ʪ·ī䦿Ļ񣬱ģ
ңܵ翪һ֣̿ʶսֻ֣ɿ
Ȼ˹ŷԼȷһֻ֣ʮָŶԷֱ
ֻȴξǸˣҶ
ɽŵתΪȻ̬쳣ƣ·ܾûϢ
ңһ㶣ɿ˫֣ر졣
ʱ֨ѽһ򿪣ɣ䭶ʢˮͭ˽뿪ЦҶⶼˡٲȥ˯Ͳ̱ӣ
ߵߣңԲһ㶣ָȻˣ˺
ң΢΢һ㶣ǡ
˯ҹҲһֱصڡɣ䭷ͭ裬ڶ˵㲻һѡţһ̶뿪
ңĵ׺Ȼһ˿⣬¶ǸɫҶԲסЩ̫鷳ˡ
޷û¾ͺáҶɻľòʣ
ңҡҡͷ˫ַŴпտգ̣ɵŶȥ
ôˣҶʵ
е㡭ңĿ¶ɫ
ҲǣüûԶˡȻɣ˵ţת˳ȥûһһ̵ĳʳϡ
ңҶ˴齣ߵ¡
ҶӶ룬ݵС
ң˼ڷѹ¸ˮתʵ£Ƕ֪٣һ˯⼸գɻ£
ֻ֪ɽҪץ㣬Χʱλ蹫ͬˣѡɣ˵ȥһɽҲʱɽ˲ˣۺ½ա
ˣңüһ
㣬ϵȥмɻĻ᣿ɣһֲ
ǡңֹԵͷȥ˿
Ѧ֣ߡҶ˵⼸죬޷Ǹľ˹ݡľƣǰӢ½ĶӣҲǾһͳΪš
ⱾӦõġңƽ
㲻ˣ𣿡ɣʵΣѵʱ㣬Լȥ㵱ʲôˣ
ͬĲ̫һЩҪˡң
ôһɣѣ˸㣬ѵ˵ǣ
֮ԵѾңļ˿ڲ˶£˵꣬ΪҷһУ御Ҳӡ
˵ᣬ뱣Ҷӷһ˿졣
˵ʲô˼ңһЦȥˡ
㣿Ҷʵ
㲻ҲɱѦ𣿡ңȥݸЦ̽ңôɱΣԴڳǽʾ
һԵɣˣһ鴤̲סŮҿʲʺ̿͡ùЩӣǱҪ£ҪҪһȥ
£ң΢һ㶣һŷӦ̴ѾˣҪ
Ҳ̫ˣɣ䭶һչһҡȣһ˵㿴Ҷʲʺ
ң⻰ʶһҶһףȴüҼǵ㲻ǲϲֵѪӪѪѵҪ
Ҳǰɱ¾֮£ҶҲʦԸ
ʦң㶣򣬡ˣҵλǰ
ǰµòĪѲ硣Ҷ뿪ɽֻȥҹһΣӵڵϣҲûжӡ
ң⻰Լ׹˵ͷԣΪӣƷˣʵһֱףʲôˣΪҪ㣿Ѧ֮ʲôޣ
Щ˵ȳԷҶ˵ţֽǰơ
һͷңҶӹһ١һߣ޷Ҳòͬľӻصݣ˾
ʼռǹңİΣȴôҲ䣬һʱļ٣ȴ޼ƿʩ
Ѳʺ³ͬԣ˽³żѰ޹ֻɳֶ෬Ѱңͬʱɵľٶʱ
Ӷԣֱꡣ
˷Ϣ˵ѦٰһӢۻᣬʱδ¡ݳƣ۽ɽׯķ϶꣬һһϺ󣬲оͶС
ĿģѸߣѲֻ࣬ͨⳡӢۻᣬѡ֮ˣնа°
Ժ˾һϢЦ
꣬ѦͨӢۻʶ·ܣ׳۽ɽׯhϢ¿ЦڣֶͬΣһ𣿡
Ӣۻһչȭ֮ˣѱɱòˡ޷Ц׻ҪˣŻ⣿
̻ңĿԲhҪûȫ˴©ҲĴ
ԽԽı֪޷ĵαװôãѹ˶صĴ
ǧҪСģ¶ĽĬãh˵㶪ţ֪£Ҳɵ
˵һ£ûͬ˵h갢ңѦ⻹иŮˣ۽ɽׯ˳׵ʱŮ˻С
£޷Ľ˾һ㶡
УhͷǰҾòҪûͬ˵롭ҪҵĸӶ˳֤ǲҲ֤Ѧ
֤飬ͬڷЩº޹ϵ޷ǵ
˵أhһ룬һ˵Ӣۻꡭ֮ǰѦȢˣ˵书ߣ˵ӹӦںǻСֲ֪ʲôֲս˥΢˵ᷢӶûпܻ˺Լڶӣ
ôĿʲô޷ѡ
hҡͷֻô²⣬û֤ݡ
Ѧҡ޷üͷ⵹ȷ
Ǽˣ൱h˵£ַڶʮǰͶϢȫţ΢ã޴Ѱ
޷֪ɵҶѦӣ
ȵң彥ԭҲڴҶе֪¼ȫò
Ѧʱ۽ɽׯû꣬ڽ֮УʱҲ书ƽƽ֮
褣ĴʶҶ骡
˽ܣҶ骺ܿ㻳СѦƸ׹Ű壬ŵº֮ǰһһ֡
ҶҲĻţһֱĬĬȴҲ˼棬δǰ¶
˭֪̣ȴϲѶѦ񼴽ӭȢϢ
֪ɺϻǲ׽ŪѦ鵱գҶҲ̥һ¶ӡһѩƮɵĶգǷ߱źǰݣѰѦҪ˵ȴʧ׹ߡ
·Ĵ𣬼һԺ󣬱㻼֢˷ӡ׵ĶӶ֮˵ϣʩᣬŰټҷꡣ
Ҳһ꣬ҵ
ҶԽ书ҶҲʽѦZ֣״Ĩȥ
ڷݣҶ֪Ĳࡣ
ԭȵ֣ɽ÷ҶѾãȴѦ񡣿Ѧȴϧˣһѧѧ֮Ӳţڣڱ̥ҩһζĶд˶ߣ̷ڲ֪У˥ֱ
λˣԼ˵ңҡҡͷпѣƶʱѰ㿷٣ƶӣһһŮ˵ʬ̤ϸλ׳ɽţȴҪ¿ףܸ·Ӣ۳̣ǽ˶ġ
㰡Ҳɣ䲻һ䣬λҲ㵱ĵʯ򡣡
㲻˵û˰㵱ư͡ңƳһۣ˵꣬תҶˡΪӣϣѦ֮ĳޣһ֮ͬѦ֮䣬ѪԵϵĻɵʼ޷ȫ㡣
ĩˣ̲סҡͷ˵˲ɣ˲á˼򵥵ĵôף
ԣ𣿡ҶȻֱ˫Ŀʵ
ңδ̻ش𣬶һ룬ͷš
ɣ䭿Ŷģʶһ
ᣬң͵ֻǾãΪߣԹز񣬶˺ܶ࣬ԹȡҶܹ⡣
лҶҲǸ֤ˣ˵һãҿ԰㣬
лңҪ֣Ҳһ֮
⻰Ҷ΢΢һŤͷȥЦ̹ȻȻӱƵıȥ߳š
ϻشӹҶѪ̴ɽ뷽භ䳹ɱ̴棬ȴҲ⵽شòչˡ
ⳡ˶ľ֣ڿӭ
գҶɣ䭶뿪ɽȣӽӦӹһߺҶ磡

ԣ
ңңû ֻһֱҶҲԸҶ ж ûҲûа


306 . ޼ס
Ҷ΢΢һ, ϲɫȴתȥ
Ӵ, ƺˣɣ䭻Цͷ, ң, Ҷǰ
ͬȥңֱҶ˫Ŀ
ɵ׿˵, ˰˱ù𣿡ҶЦ, ɫʵ
͵ҲǷ, ҲҪ֤ˡңչա
Ǿһ߰ɡɣ䭳һ֣ʾóһƥ
ңƼ˾, ΢΢ü, ʵҪ
㲻᣿ɣ۵
ô, ûԼң
ʱҶѷ⻰, һ, תͷ֡
ңԥƬ̣ס֣Ҷһַ첲, ֱȷȺ, ʲɿ, ˵·С, ̫ܵ, ҡ
áңһס
ȡ, һ·ϼȥ
ܲԭڴ˴, ֻǴפضѱҶɣ䭴˹ݣŲ˻ϼˡ
˼߷ΪɽɽΡ룬׳
˵ɽţһԶԶ˽ǰһǫ\
ƼҶͬһңһ㶣漴üͷһ壬Ҷǧû㵽ﻹšѽץҪвͷ
ⷽȤɣڿһжΪŮˣͷԼץ˸ŮΪҪЮ
˵ţתҶ㿴ɣôãְ첻ˡҿ˾ˣҲöÿͬѦģһ֮ѡ
ȥҶңȴԼһ㶡
ôҸʲôңЦֻǲֲǲ书ҵСӡ˵ţʾ\ǰָ·
ǣ⡭\ɻѣҶôҲ޷ǲᡭ
ͬûʲôϵͱˡң̹Ȼ·ɡ
\Žɵͷתɽȥ
ɽУ·ա֦ïҶԽԽ˼Ƽߣ쬣ֻҲޣһƬţÿ¡
֮Уɽͣһ¸ǽǰҶұۣңǰһֻֻƿʯڰڵĻء
ֻ֨ѽһʯŻ࿪ŷ쿪ĵط¶һ޴ʯİò
ȵȫǵģȫչ¶һ޴ʥһ˸ߵĺɫʯɡʯƷȫ޹󣬵񹤾տׯϡ
פأΪλң
ʥۣ˼׼ǵظ˾ͬۺڣҲҪη񡣡Ҷˣɱ֮£졣⹩ۺۣأ㲻繩̩ɽ񡣡
˼񷶥ʮߣ·Ѱɽ嶼Ϳˣϡɵŵƻ𣬰ѵƽ̹··յĳֲŴССȵԲʱʱлܻǽϵ̵ɲ񣬷}ˡ
ˡ·ͷһͳɳƣл
Ҷûлػ
Χµš
Ƭ̣·ͷȻӵĽŲװͳһ֣俳̤ĲΧ
Ҷεɨ·Ӷң\ͬʱε࣬ʱЩ˹ϡ
ΨɣҡڶβЦ÷⡣
ѵص֣ǰУȴ˿ҶܡСӣңǸŮӣΪͻΪףһʱðһǵжûʹȫѱһ첲ڵϴ
ѽǶǰ˼ʲôʲôɣ䭹ŵ̬ڿ˵ǣ
ɣ䭵ĻԽһȴδкα仯ɣйʹߣЩҲǼģ֪ûţ˵ʲôûϣԾɷӵˡ
Ҷ쵶ɻ̹¾ˮңƳ֪ǷҲǣͦбնʹһǡϡơ
һ羪裬һ˵ʵ׽͸Ҷһ·ǰ±˷硣
һ·ֱ·ͷʯǰͨ˵ʬǽϵɲԣ·ڻԵ÷졣
Ҷ㲻Ҫ𣿡ʯ֮ڴ
ʣٶȾۼʯǰվһš
Բ˳ģŸٵѪҡУҲ֪ߡɣ䭸ҿҲˡֱ˵ɣҪôſϷˣ
ɣ䭣ǰ㣬ȴС֣ұۡ
˵˵ʹֹһˣϻҲ𣿡ɣ˵ҪôҪͺˡұۣͦʵġ
һͳĦǰʯпһСţŷ׾ضȺ߳˼˸ǰ
ɣʶһ
ңᵽϵѪζּŷ¶ɴһǣʱȻ
ⲻ˵һν֣֮ǰйսǸˡ
ôҶɣأ˫൱㿴϶Ҳ˲Ŷԡ
׾ؿһɣһۣ
˵ٿһԣɣüëһһʱһض
Ҷᵶأɫ̩Ȼ糣
ŷɫ𺣬ңĿЬ棬Ȼ͡һұ˵ˣϻؾ٣ƫƫš
áңƤЦⲻЦ
ŷҲԣԾָΪצͷץȥ
ң֣ȴҶһǰ׵Ҳ෽⻮һ뻡ӭŷҹơ
˶óĻ
ϲֻһ˴á
ңֻԼ˳ɸֽŵķʩչһʱûţ⾢翿ֳ̻Զʤֱӱ㽫ǼƳ֮⡣
ɣԾ׾أһ
ң䣬ʮغϣѿһˣתȥһ࣬\սЩѾȥ֮䣬񳾵մѪ
˵ûңԼġսɣ䭺ҵȷʺˡ
ʤ٣Ӵ˲ٸЩӪҶҪʧˡ
ҲҪȥɱѦ񡣡ңһбĨһ˲ͷּңºһ£˿벽
ԼǴʲôʱ𣬲ٽһ£л㱣һкֻصǰصɽǰҵǳԡ
ΣΡ
⣬·һ»һƵģʶԼˡ
ңججŤͷ׾ְ̽䣬֪һʲôҶŵ㼴ϣһ䡣
öֱӱ±飬ķѣɢһء
ǻظİɣɣһʱȴ͵Ϯ˵һһ׵Ĺ򣬻һոʤһհ԰գһչȹǶ˸OO@@½СףƬƬƬ׾ضȥ
׾ػɨһ룬һʬǰʣµİϤȥӻصϡ
ңҶյ΢΢һͣ㼴ս֣һŷӥצ֣漴ץסҶұ䣬Ȼ֮һȦɴ
ҶŤͷд㵡
˻Ҫšңת⽫һײɷ˵ÿ

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ңңҶͽ⣬Ī轿


307 . ն
, նϷƣâƥ
ڳˣ˭Ҳĵ
ŷҼƲ, æĶ, ͼ˻, ȴҶһ·
ͬʱɣ䭵Ѹϵ, ЯĴ̿ܵ뷽¶һ
ңһת, бŷ, ҶСŽңɿɨʯŽṹ
ʯűֳ, һȦ, һСȦ, ػءңҲ룬ֱӱһѶϵΪ, Ե, ӣط϶俨
һ𣬱ֲָ, һȦƻε
˼, ֡ѺҶʯ̨, ʯ̨Χ, ΧΧһȦõˡ
ⷽ, й̰
褡, 褡ֱһ, ҶɵǸԶܻͷˡ
ӸŶˣЦñȿ޻ѿƽռ㶼ǹ¼ҹһ常ר̴ôƯĹȻ⣬ʲôݺݺ඼ˡ
㲻ɵ£ôҶĿ䡣
ǭ¿𣿡ңɫΪ޼ƿʩԹ˵˵Ҫ
һݵѾͷЦҲǽΡҶʦ棬͸ڴˣ
ҡҡҶ־壬߶߶ţԼ˹ȥ
Ҷĸף鸴ӣãѹɤңһ㲻ġ
ˣ˵Щң񳾣ָ
⵶ͫһ𣬡ǡ㾹֪Ů
԰ңѦѪ𣬿Ժص
Ҳ㡣ҡͷЦ㱳һ̣Ҫкã
˵ˣЩνĳޣֻĽڡңĻһѪҪеȨҪࡣͼģѲΪֻعǺ桢ȨһС
סڣŭСѾͷʲôƲң˵Ѧд־гһձسұҪ֪ѦģҲ
֪Լ˵ʲôңü΢ѦѧòȻڵⶼڵ͸жʩЧ򭣬͵ɻʴףҿǿϵĶӪŪȨ֮ûһĴ
żŭ𣬵²ܲˣַָ
һʱ֮䣬뷢ңɫ糣쵶ɻӰѸ˿һ֧֧նϵ
Ҷ˶סȻûл֡
ʮᣬ¯ࡣյõѩӰӳҵİȻ֮ɫзԿţﰵ
ϰ֮ˣͣ裬㷢չȥϰʮ֮£˭֣
˸ð֡һ̧֣ʾ⹭ơ
ҶضϼУݽ㣬֪շĺ«ʲôҩ
ܺã﷽ŵǳã紫ţĳжţѦĴ㣬Ҳв֮ﲻҿͬ
Ŷң΢棿
棬ҹͬ顣
г⣬Ȱ˸ˡң
֪ҶʲôݣѦӡѺŮˣҴơ
ŶңЦһĿȻתҶ㾹ƭң
ΣҶϷȫ¶
˵ѦҲгԹҪҰһأȡ֮λպҲңɭ׶ѦĶӣôܻңҿҲȥɱˡծӳ쾭壬ɱ㣬Ǹﱨ𣡡
ĹҲẦ㡣Ҷ
ңǲѦĶӣ⻰˵öԣǲԣң
ĻӳĵףеԹɡҶţһ˲ЩֲⳡִϷġ
ãڿڵѦȷס
ǳƭˣңӨ˸ƽ˼֣Ҿɱ㣬ﱨ𣡡
Ͷˣ⣬ҲӦһϵˡС˵ÿһ֣㶼š
ƭЩҲͰˣΪλҪƭҸ飿ңиֻ跨ʱ䣬ɱĸ˵ĶӣȴҶ㸶ġôôԵԼ
Ҷü΢΢һҡͷҴ⣬ûв١
ƭˣңɽһ˵ǰװɵ˺üͬϷ룬ֵƭңҲƭңΪǰ̣ŪһҶȥ˵ͬúôңȴҳ˵ĶӣͬѦѪԵ֮ף˷ӽңĿġ˹Ȼûһö
Լɽ񣬴δһˣȴһֱ룬崣ֿĥѣҪȷ룻һ£ȴδõԽԽбݣ
Ҷᣬ۲ĺؾһʱ飬סҡͷˣǰ㡣
ʲôңᣬϷ˻޺
ױ㱻Ѧ㿴⸱ģǰ͡ҶָҶ骣ңҶĺ޲١һ㣬⣬ƯʮأԾɹ¿ꡣҴСҪɱΪԼֻع˵Ը㣬ʵ⣬ֻǺݶɵңңŻ
ȥһ䣬ĵףĻ˵Ҳʼ׹׹ʹ
ҲšңҧһҪϷﳣеģȡ֮ʱǲܶԷ˵ʲôҪšһִϵԽãԽԹ֮˷ļ
ΪβţҶðɱ޳ˣҵһ٣дһ֪жൣģɷδ٣Ҵδκ޲ôܹװģʼնǸˣҼʱý죿ò׵ᣬҵȻҪСһ˵˻£ҪҶȥܵס
˵⻰ۿҲ˺졣ңϷ̫°ԾȴȥһĨᣬЩô˵
һֱò̫ƽأĴţ˵ȴδִ֪ⷬҲǽŽɣһʱ˼УҶ骾֣ҲԾЩ
ң⵽ˣһһڷǰǰ죬Զڷ֮ϣ̼ϮݲöԷӦ
һֻסҶ骣һֳֵСȣһѪڡﲻѣٷ𣬷ʯҺխ
ңҶ骻Ϣ׷٣ֻ̻һ쵶һ˻Ҷԣ˽С
ʯ֮⣬ɣ䭵ĻŴ򿪣
ҶԣᵶбǶڻڵĶϵ
ֻáಡһ죬ɣ䭡\˴ҡ
չҶĸ׽һŮӻУ漴խ
ңƳѪ㣬ü΢΢һݲϡ


308 . 
խͷй⡣ѭŹ˳ȥ, Ұ̿ңԶԶҶӰ̸ߺһҶ硱첽ǰȥ
ôҲˣҶ, лιһ˿, ȴǾϲ
Ҵò, ŻᱻߡңҰһҰɡ
ɽѾ, ܲԶҶ˵ţȻź, ȥ, üͷʹ಻
ѪˡңƳ¼䲻סѪ, һ, ɽ, 㽫ȥɷ˵⿪, һȦȦɴ, ѱѪȾ죬üٿһ
Ҽǵãȥ̴֮ǰҿɽɴңһͳҩ, һȦȦ⿪, һ˵
Ǿ, һֱȫҶƽ
ȹһ, ܺúˡңһѪ, üĶ˶, ҩȥ, ôصˣôģ
ϰˡҶģ΢΢΢Цʵ˵ʱҲչ
˭ң̧ͷһۡ׹һĬ˵ͷ
ĽҶҡͷЦԳԶ
Ľң̧ͷһۣڵ⽣Ӱȥ˭ҲⲻˣѰ¡
˵⻰׹£ж΢΢һͣҡҡͷȤƵЦղŶֻϷɱˡ
Ϸ޷죬Ҷй˸Ҷˡ
ǿɲãңݸҺ˵һͨȴ棬ֻͽա
ϸҩԭɴ˿²ãһ飬ȷûȱ©Ƚһ£뿪ٰɴˡ
Ҷͷϵ½ϵֿ˿ռҩƷң
б붴ճŮվµɫ·ů׶á
ңҶȻڣ㻹ǲǵãǴɽ﷢£
ңһ㶣δعѱסͷƿʯϡ׼ײʯǽʱҶһֻ֣Ժ
࣬ߣǼ⼸
ңرһǰĻͬľ룬ͬɽͬ˿㣬Ŀԡ
Ҷ硭
һΡҶĻȻޱᡣ΢΢ͷң
ңʶ֣ס촽
ֳҵĴֱ
ڽ벻ǻڵǿģɿ
ΪĶֻһ̫ͻȻ֪δòΪס
ǰ˲㲻磬жᷳðƿôöνһͬͬ۹õսѡ
ӦԣܱպΣ
ֻһΣҶĴ뿪ֱߣ𷽲˼֣ɽҲð㡣
Ҷ磬ңƽ˵ҷˣǰеɽԨעһ¹ѣκǣ
Ҫɱģͬһˡ
ңҶĴԶ㿪
ҶһЦСʵղŵĻڸңһٻصߣ
ǡң֣صͷֹˣκ˶һ
ȷҪǰ·ƽΣҶЦʡ
ңһʱ飬
Ҷҡͷ΢Цֱḧգɫᣬ紺֮ˮ㻹ǷŲ¡
Ҷ磬ʵҡ
֮ͬ࣬޷֮ᲢۡҶ˵ţ֮ɫԣԾɸգ㿴ʵҲҡ
ң΢΢һ㶡
ǿϧҶԶЦ¶ϧҶҪߵ͡õŮӣ˭԰գ˿ڣȥ
ңŵͷԼ֣Ĭã£ת߿
뿪ɽҶ߳һ·ҲûиǿⱣž롣
ˣѪҲزסɵȶѭѪҳɽʱȴһµĴ̿űΧһǽ֪˶š
ҶǰȥǽԶֿһ
Զһ£һ˫ֻ۶̤ű׵ķ롣
ⲻ޷ǻ˭
㣿Ҷü΢
ɰ޷Цü򵥵֣·ǴＷġ
ңһ㶣ôˣ
ô뿴ң޷˵ţһŲڷƳһҶңʵ֪˭𣿡
һҲѦĶӡңƽ
޷ǲɴ˫ۣ㶼֪㻹
ҶһԵ£ʵô£
ղŷ͵͵ӣǶˡ˵׷ţ˱ð˳˸׽ȥ
ȥ𣿡ңƳһ۵زѵķ޷ʵҪǱѦָ֣ô죿
ôΪΰ㣿޷һǧ㣬Ϊ˵
ɶԼҪȥ𣿡ңֻͷˣʲô
Ϊ޷ǲ
ˣΪѰĿģҶƿڡ
ұ졣޷û˵ţһֱ̧ۣڷϵֻţ˾һߣΣȣң
̱ҪϣȴҶ¡
ңܲܽһ˵޷ԣ΢΢ңӣƽʵ
ңԣתȥһ޷Ҳ첽ȥ
һ뿪Ҷ˵ߣ޷ң֣ȴһ˦һǿվȽŲæǰ˵ңңġɽԺûϢҺܵ㡭
ڿˣңˡ
ô뿴ң
ûңȥȫ
ңڵҵΪڵĴǣ޷ߵǰСʵ
Ҫ𣿡ңԼӦúúõַˣ
ҷʲôһʼͲӦ޷ǰղѣֱҡͷס㣬Ҳ˱ڵãͬһҵˡ
ңд⣬üҲӹһ˿Ц⣬ȴ̰ףбɣһۣûûˣ֮䶼н
ҪʲôںأںںԺҲںںǷˡ޷׷ʵ
ⲻң˵ŷôʲף̱죬ܿĿ⣬˺һ˵ˡҲٿΪҵ¶
紩֣ػҶڵڽŵף̤ͬƶˡ
ԣ޷ָԶҶˣʵ
ǣˣң˵꣬ᵶһԣҪߡ
޷Ǿ֮߳⣬Ȼߺһңʲôʸҵ
ңԣŲһͣͷ
ҶȻҲ⻰΢΢ƫͷ֮
Ȼ֮Ѿûκιϵƾʲôҵѡ񣿡޷ߵǰֱ˫Ŀһһʵ
޷ǣʲôë𣿡ңɫ
ҪҲԣ޷ǵĿЦһ֡
㡭ңۣ
޷΢΢ü
ң޲õж˿顣
ɽ꣬һ书Ƿ켫֮϶κ¶η塣
Ψ죬ôҲ粻
ңûлػҪ뿪ȴ޷һס֡
ڣδҹðͣ£ֻɿָض棬˵Ҳʧȥ㡣ǰʣҲأֻͬҪϵͷھܷһкߡ
OO@@Ůޱߴ˿Ҳġ
ã̾һȻʵڣ
ڡ޷ǵ
ңãƵģһ֣û
޷æеİģǧķǮ
ԭ޷΢΢һЦ飬֣˵պˣҲ˵ЩҼ϶㣬㲻ѡپܾҵ⣬һĵġ
ֻӦͺãûӦԺңҲᱳ㣬ҲԼ£˿Ҵһ𡣴ӽ˵ʲô͵ʲôҵȻȥһ档պ˿գȥġ
á޷ϲʤǰ֣ͶĴ񣬴յߣС˵˵ĻҶҲ뵱ֿ𣿡˵ţָָ϶ʮָۣ߳صҶ˸ǰ
ҶƳһ۶˽ǣ˫֣ƽûκα仯
ҶҪˣץˡ޷Ƴһ۰ķңʮָ۵֣ҶǲҲðˣ
Ա㡣Ҷ
л޷ЦΪα֮Умִζ

ԣ
ǷǣҶҹһ ˣЦ


309 . Ψб
ѦԹ, ʱ޿̲Ÿɱ硣ΪսŮҽ֮£ʵȴΪ½Լѽʧȥš
գɵѦ, ˵۽ɽׯ, ½½ݡ
ʱֵ, ޷ǵз֮סh֪Źֵҩ, źգǰʹѹȥ
۽ɽׯǰ, ޷Ǽ˾ΥĽعŮ
ϵܣʹ, Сǰĸ첲, С˵, Ҷ˵, ڿɻȫ
޷ʳָڴߣ˸, 漴ƿ, ת߽šͻȻŤͷѰңȴվڽۺ, ԶԶ
ӴС˽Щ˶ͬһ޷м, ŸĽ, ſڶֹ
Ѧһӭ, һתͷɨϯ, ڵЩλ, 㳯Ե̽˼䡣², ܿŮӳ
޷̧Ƴ΢΢һ
Ķˣһٳ٣ںͷģŮ塣
ٳ֮ŮòȴδûòͤͤڳƼͻȻ߳ôһλİŮӣһʱ֮侪޲ѣ볯˹
ѦĳɥޣδȢѦǰܵгٳ٣ѦĳŮЩݣλҪ֡˵ţһָʾٳͬЩһ顣
ٳҲƼ޷ǣȴδ¶κλų˸񣬴к֮󣬷ߵλ
˰½Щ겻ڽ¶ʿҲϯϣ·ʶؾۣЦ̣ǻϲƻ⽻ӳַǷ
벻˶ʮ꣬лټѦׯһλ˾ƣ棬ȣЩ˲ŵ֣ʢѲڡѦׯҪҵȣնħؽԻ͡
ˣѦֵѦĳдΣǵҿЩˣŻڣһͷӣʲô
ѦׯĻҪ˴Σ˭ܳŮ
ǾǣѦׯδϣǿɶָء
˵ȣۿ
Ѧׯ˵ЦˣԨٱԪķ˿̹ȻЦҪ˵Լʹˣöô˵
ԣЦԪวͷĺļ磬ЦγϣͽܰǸж´Σúˡ
һЩ滰޷巳ЩֻͷвˣҲһۡ
蹫ӣôתӣͻȻ˵ˣͻȻ˵
ͬ𣿡޷䲻ص
׼ߴС棬䲻ϲЩ׻Ҳᵱڲ档һ㣬ĽǶʣһ֪ġ
˼ػһʱһ㶡
ǽӦ죬ٱ㾴ִӹһԭѵ¡ͬ˵һ˵ôҲʶ
˵Įɳڹڶ꣬һ˺ܶɣٳʵ
ŮӳƯɤѪյˣѻڶٶŭҲˡ
ǵûСҡͷ˵ϰ䱾Ƿȥһͷ㲻ʲô
Ľǣû䣬˵ʲôҲ岻ϻٳһЦͷȥ
СѾͷѹüֻͣԵ޷
ı¿ɴˣɵõЩ޷ɫ糣°յơ
ôģʶһ㶡
޷ǵ졣
һֱڿ㡣ĽյߣС˵ǲͬйڣ
޷˼ã֣һͷ
ʱϯպߺȵúˣһִѦϣָָٳ٣ʵѦׯ꼸ꣿл䣿
ʮţ䡣ѦЦ
Ϸһֶ꼰ڣòãҲδ¡ߵҿòڣ磬硭
Ѧ˰֣ҡͷЦҿɲҺҴӦҼҳٳѡ׼۹ɶصúܡû׼ϯЩӢܣء
˵ţٳ֣Цٳ٣ֶף𲻴Ӧ
ֶٳɨһͬ꣬Ŀ޷϶Ƭ̣ҡҡͷã涼ûҲҴӦ
ڳЩеģͷ´ʵ
˼ҿŮңֻɲǰ˵ٳٹߣͷȥ
ŮҪŤŤ󣬡Ѧ˼֮ˣ常ΪŶˣĹлԼɱ𿴲ۣҵ˼ҡ
常ô˵ĻҿˡٳЦվԲһȦͣ޷ԡ
ҪˣŤͷȥֻٳٶ޷ǣЦ֪λӿ䣿֮ˣ
޷üһֱӱ϶Ҳġ
æһѣϽػ
޷Цһͷֱ̧ٳ˫ĿЦ缲˼óɲзϡɱۣ
ȼٳһ㶡
ǲΪϻ£һϯ䲻֪˭ǽ𻷼ȣɲǺġ蹫˲ɵЩ뷨ҽβǡ
Ѧ⻰ĬĬоյЦݣɫʵ蹫ӵܵʲôˣ
ȹǶѣ֮󣬱˺޷ǵ
Ѧĳʶһλҽʦҽ߳ѦҪϷ
ء޷ǶȻܾˡ
æͷѦЦ˼˵кתʱҪ
ĻΪιӻҪܾأٳʵ
￴޷Ǵ΢Ƶ˵˵̾͸ġ
ٳ⻰ɫ̾ͱˣʲôҲ˵ֱӻصλ
ŮԻ̫ˣڷֱԾ蹫Ӳ
ô¾ֻŮ𣿡޷ޱ飬ѡֻѡһλǶλ𣿷ŵ׷ǣαѰģ
һϯڳˡһ֪죬˵Цˣǲ֪ʦЩͷŹ˵ҪȢƢšءҲŮˣҸô֣ҲˣסģҪ޸һʮʱÿɫȥ
˵ţתٳ٣޷ǵһЦٳãɱ⸱ƤҸƻˡСӸһǴ
䲻֪ǰкζԹȴó޷̬ȣȻƹˤֻ跨תìͷ⣬ע⡣


310 . 紵¥
޷Ҳ, Ūûٶ˵һ֡
һʱϯɢѦŸִ, Ժг
˼, һ޷, ȥʵû°ɣһ, ǵͬԣӹ𣿡
˵ЩҲûʲô˼޷ǵ, ͵, ҵˣѵ𣿡
Ҳڡ
ˡ޷ǺȻ˵
ʲôһʱûܷӦ
ˡ޷ظһ, Ȼص, Щ, ҹζࡣ԰գתҪߡ
ʱ, һӶ, һ޷ǵ֡
һͷ
ٳվڳȾͷɵ⣬ֱ޷ǵ޷ǣҪĶ, ûеòġ
Ŷ޷ǲΪ, أ
, ɽתˮת, ơٳ˵, ̴߿
ʲôһ, ս𣿡
ô޷¶ͷı, ȥ
ʦܶ߳ȣȴʶһվԺǽ£ͷ³
ιӣ̽Żһ
һ
ιӣôˣֵ
۵׻֮ɫһأãȻعͷãʵò֣𣿡
ʢȥˡ޷һߵǰ
ԲŬվӲɫ㯣ҲһһзȴΪ
ʵһҲѡˡ޷ǳĬƬ̣Ҫôһ׵ĶˣҪôվһУԼȻҲɣҲǣʹֻԼ
ϴ˲𣿡ʵ߲ɡͲͣ·ţһ沨ΪֻǾˣ
˶٣Խ翣ѵ㲻𣿡
ιӣǡ㶡
Ҫ벻ƿأǲġ˵ţŤͷֱ޷˫Ŀ㣬㹻ղǣʲôأ
޷üһ
ҪᣬҵȻϣӮʵִ֮ˣ˭һǻ൨ǳ
˶٣ּ˵ˣ˵ЩҲá
ת뿪֮ʣֺȻͣ½ŲתнҲСˡ˵꣬ޱȳصĲӣԶȥ
ղ˵ǻʲô˼޷üһ
˭֪أһ̯
²ۣҹһҳҹ
أٲݴۡ
¥ڣһƬǽ塣һƬɺԵѪУ˫ĿԲɣѡ
̤һ̣Ľعֲִ࣬ҪۿɼһĻŰʬǰǲɵýס
ʧ˻һ㣬ãػѣ̱ڵء
ֵ֣һֱ̡ᣬԸ˽һֱڴˣһʳ
ɵ󣬻ӭһ졣
ɱԺ󣬻˶ӣӵòӰصڸŮߣ·±Ƶģʼղ̧ͷ
Σкüôӵõҧгݣǵоûڹúúòһ顭
ԩ̧ͷæ͵ʱеֶ⣬û֪Ǻ˴룬ߣȻ
ٷϻҰһ
һָ̱˳ȥ
عĨգ˫Ŀ˹ȥۣ̼ݺᡣ
ؿŽʬʹǰն˵Ļ
ҲСˡ
ʣǣһ飬ѦҪôǶԪ㣡һǣ֪µˣ
عԣ΢΢һŤͷȥ¶ŵɫ
ӣҪ¡߬ȭͷԼ侲Ҳǵһ̣˼ͻȻø
䲻֪ʲô֮£һʼڣڱ˵޽ҲҺңûصˣһ
˵ع˼Ƭ̣ǷӦȥݣ֪޷һ
бҪ˵ţĿɨһȦüͷ˼˺һ󣬷¶Ƶģߵع󣬵ȥɡ
ȥع
ڣ˭Ҳȷɳȥ˾ɲţܻܲ˵ҲǱ߻᲻ᡭ
عأΣ˵ͷݣ·;ңԶǧҪġ
İɣ˵ţ㼴ͷȴֱһůعĿǡö˫ۡ
ǧڲ֮С
ģһúõġ΢
ҹУɿݵҶͬëɢõǡ
粻ֹǣҲ꣬߹أ¶صĹݡ
޷Ǵ˴ȣϷʯףƿţ߽谵ڣǽϵĵơ
ƵĹӣڵϣȴӰӡ
޷һ˲͵̧ȥƼңվУЦӯӯ
㡭ңңŵǰˣþûܻع
ôˣңߵǰЦƵĴһȭ
޷һԲӵ뻳
ҾȻΪϴֻ˵˵û뵽û뵽Ļ޷Ǽ֣˫ֶڲ
㣬жӣܶˡң˵ɽȳʥŮͺǣмͻȥģ»ǵסںδ
֣˫Ŀӣ˵һΣܲҵЩˣϾ
̫Σˡ޷⻰кȻˡһ˼Ҳûң״Σġ㻹Ҫȥǣһ
һᵱĵġң˫գһڡ
޷סֻ֣ͷӿһǿҵĲ֮Уȴ֪ⲻӺζ
ͻȻʼ£һα𣬻뵣ǽĽץס˺Ϣ
̿̽ӵ뻳Уһ˿һҲɿ
ң쳣ḧ󱳣ʵ޷ǣôˣ
Ҳ֪޷ǻұָܣ뿪Ժ󣬱øƵҲˣʱ𣬱㲻ڷָ޷Ԥ֮¡ңңҵġ
һᱣԼġң
ٴĴոմһ㱻ҵǸǣ飬
ңվӣǽ棬پһ
Ժǹָ࣬һ´
࣬ȼһ
Ż𣬱Ũīҹȼա


311 . һ
˪, ѽ
ݽͷֵԵĵ壬ſȸƾɵ챻紵ҡҡ׹, һ, Ҵææӽͷ߹ų, գɵһС
΢ңһǰһڹٵ, ó棬˭Ҳȿ˵
, ΢̲ס, ŤͷʵСң᲻̣
⻰Ӻ˵𣿡ң⡣
Ĺ, Ҳˡ΢, ԭ, лأȴҵЩΣŮ, , Ը⵱˵ࣿЩӣ걻ץߵʱСܼǵ̫¡
Ҫߵ;ĩ·, ҾȥɱѦ񡣡ң, , Ҳң⡣
Сң
, ң, ˵, ֲƷԽ, 㲡Խء
ô롭ҲãҲá΢ͷ򣬡ﵱܹ꣬㣬ԼǱΡˣЩ£ѦҲûлẦ
ң˹Сңұ㲻ţѦҰġ޳ܵĶֻܹ졣עıҽŮЩɱƬײҲҪضҽ£ͷϴ
ң֮ԣñ硣
Τһԣĸ֪黳ȣѼ񡣶ңȴУɱ˺а񽫣նˣǳ
ߵһֿڣ΢Ȼͣ½Ųһü
ôˣ̣ңǰ
ͬǰЩһ֣ǰûеġ΢˼ǮǴ󻧣ӦǨ
Ů£᲻Ϊ˱ܻǨӱ𴦣Ҳ˵ңȥɡ
ң΢߽Сʮ⾰ﻻƣľ̻ѻˣǮңҪôҡͷƲ֪Ҫô˵Ѱˡ
ַֻƬǿǿƴճЩǼǮĸһʧٵŮû£ټҰݡ
ȥ˺δȴ˵硡˵ȥݣ˵ȥݣ˵ǰᵽٽس
Щûõġ
һѰ޹ֻ˼Ҿ顣û˵ϼ仰΢ȻŴ⣬վߡ
ôˣңһһͷȴƼ˕Fϲϲ˽
΢ҵúÿ࣬˕FǰȥôЩˣΪ㻹ǡ
Ǹƨҹ΢һƿ˕FҪߡ
úúãҴ˰ɣ˕F߾˫ĵô׷ҸϵģõʱǸͷøңҾ˺£ƽʮꡭ
ң΢΢üһ룬̲סǰס壬ͥڵģִ಻ÿҸż䣬ǵģһرܡ԰գ΢Ͷȥѯʵ
ҲãԾͰѻ˵΢ʹ˼ʹĿһԺһָߡ
ңһż䣬Ⱥ
͵κζִʵ̫ÿһֶ˵
Ҵʶ㿪ʼһֱô򡣡΢ʱҼҲˣҪͬȥݣҲˣҪ֪£Ҳû̫ࡣ˵㰮ңȴԽ޴ңǵð֪϶˵̫࣬ΪĴڣҳ֮Ψһľˣ֪鶼ҶࣻҲΪ㣬ҴһսûͬҲͰˣһۣҶûмֱգ㶼ΪֻΪ뱻㱣һֱʾ֭㣬ʲô
Ҫߵ·Ҳ˕FĿҲ⼤
ңû㱣Ȼǰ޷Ƕ˵Ļ
Ϊˮ𣬽Լվƫƫﲻʲô
Ϊ˳ȫʧȥ㣬Ҳù
ŵԺ󣬲ʲô㣬Ҳ߾࡭
£֮ദ֣һΪԷ·ŻѪɨϰһشһΪȫɣƼˣԼĬĬ飬ͬϵɽ𺣣ȫԹԡ
¾ɷ徼ǵһ֣Ҳǵڶ֡
Լȫн֮꣬ȥɣ֮£˼·ҲԸǰȪ
ô˕Fأ
Ϊΰٰƿؽţ
ǲΪ޻׷Ѱʮꣿ
ңȻ㲻ˡ
һˣͬһ·ƺǧѡǶԣǴûжۡ
˻ִҲţԺʯ£ȴһѰ
˸٣
һݲԾݶպƳһӰСϣһ·׷ȴһСԺ
ңһԽΧǽȴᵽһŨҵѪϢһŷԺʬףѪˮԺǣδȫɺԡ
һ̽̽ʬ¶ȣȵġ
ʲôˣͨԺСӰʱ׷ȥȴ߻ţƿȴһС
ɱɱһ긾ָߺһܿɫȾΡѲֵĹٱ춯ܿΧ˹
ңǾ֣ȹٱ֣ȻԾݶݲ뿪֮ʣԻ
ǮԱҲ̫ˣ˵ʮǰǼ£ʲôң˰ɣ
ɲǸŮŵڵģӴһͲǺˡ
ңһ
ǮԱһңѾ
Ϊݣ
ΪԼһȫұ
ѵŵÿһ·˶Ȱźõģ
ѵҵ˵أڣ
ԭ룬ҲҪˡ
ңͷȻ¶ģµͷδ֦̻صʳȴż֮ѿһˣҲûд򶷹ĺۼ
ȻԼµѪҺһȥ˲̳ɱ
յĲѪĻ嵨֮еΣǾٲά裬άſ壬ϧΪ·
ɽȴˡ
ѵⲻ˼䣬ǵ
ʧɫһ·ɱȥ˱ʣмһŮŮӷ̴棬еĺ꣬Ƿϡ
ûС
ûС
ûС
ÿʻˣηĵɻ󲻽⣬һĪһ·ٿ񱼡
ֱܳ⣬˫ڵء
ңͷůӿͷ͵ŻһѪڹӿˮģԼԼװѩɽָǰ
ôߴΡ룬ôס·˼Ψһľ
ȴˡΪȻɽ
ȻԽԽԶֱҲ
ң
ⳡû̵İսȻĻ
ˮָɬ
սֹݣҲڽһȼ̡
⣬Ѫеغʬ˫һȻڵء
ǸŮҲƬѪУ۵Ȼһ߱ʬ塣
ߵὣָģɭ䣬ƹȡ
ôĿھʹ̣Ծʧ޺𣬡㶼ϷŹ㻹ǲˣҪҪ
ߵգǰ𣿡𴽽΢鲻Ц͸ĹŹζȴ˵壬˽ӲúòͬƴնɵļˣαŻ
үүġνֱָģʱڹֱˣǷԼûð㱾£ԹԹءҵ꣬ʲôĹεĶ԰գ̶ͦ
溮ȥƾȻɱ¶͸ǰαųȴҪƣ׵αӣһһʽʽ˿档
ȻὣӣĲ
پڴһ˺֮УЩղסһʱʲôаħĹ򣿾˾
һ̳ͦ
ͷһƬҶڲ뿪˵Ĺͷֱ


312 . 
ҪϲµϢ, ɶѴ顣
ٳһôµԺصһУָơѦ, , û¶ҵ, żh˵һѡ
hҲóóı¡װɵһԶδĴ¸̬֮Դһ, ġ
ٳ˵ʲôļׯ, 㼴渮Ϲ, æ»˵ĸӣ޺, , ̶顣
ٳٻҪȥߵĳѡϺõ塣
ļҸֻ˰иٴ, ˸hʹӣ
Ψ޷Թۡ
ֹ̽, ѿ巳
Ѧߵÿһ, ˻ɣ¼hװ㹻á
ˣԸϷȴ޿κΡ
ٳʱ, ǰϯϵЦ, ߽˹˵Ĵš
ң·˼, ֱҥ, ѦŮͨ͸, һʱ, ȫһ, ·ƸǶ̼㽫б١
ԴУһҹɫŨܣЯ뿪ݣȴôҲ鲻ң䡣
Ůӣ·ĳһɲǣͻȻ˼Ǵûϳֹһ
޷ǻ㱼侹ԼĹ⾰ĪֻǴһ᲻ᣬδʶһŮӣл繣ǻ
ֻɣֻ·Щʧ
ҹãգ۱չ⾰ͩصľڣȻƼ˷żˣɫص
ôˣ޷˼һ
ͻͷʹһ𣬡˷˵㲻˴˵
˵ʲô޷΢ǣȫƣһ㡣
˵Ůˡ˷ͷ˵ţĿ
ҲǺú𣿡޷һ֮𣬡ġŮ
ͬǻȥɡһصĻĹӻڽ˲ڣʲôأ
޷Ǵϵľյ
޷޳ˮȴ
ЦͷԭҲ㲻
һϢֻأ
ֻǳߣô˵޷վὣҿҲǵţǸˡ԰գ߳ͷҲء
ãϣӰȴޡ˲ӰӣУûСͷϷڽ£
ʧֻ
޷Ǹ˷ˣͣصݡ
ľͷ֮ȴŸİҽʦһ·Ц̸ߵԺС޷ʮ־±Ťͷ˷ˣ˭
ŶλҽʦؽܵŷͷۣôҲֹסŰ
˭ģ޷׷ʡ
ǰ죬ٷ˺ȥ㣬һġ˷ǰڳǶǼҿҽʦ
Ŷ޷⻰Է
˵λҽʦġڵ
޷ԣһ
ʱСܽԺţţѦׯá
ô޷üͷǺ£
˵۽ɽׯЩĹӻڳײµȵ޷ǰء
Ǳľ˵
С½Ӵܿ죬㽫ӭѦһֻУЦǺľְòɣôĹӺٷˣ
ðЩܿͻľǰ
ãѦϽУС𣬵һݣɾ⡣»飬Ҳף˰ͷϣһ
Ѧׯˡľһ֣һС˽д
޷ǲԸᣬתҪߡ
ֶѦߵ޷ǸǰҲǹʽΪػؼң˵
޷ǴԺʯһֻյ˱裬ַ£תشѦʻ𣿡
ҽʦľЩĽɣת߿ԵֻյϷӹ
޷Զ·ڿʣδ⵽ˡʯյʣĲˮû±ӣѦһð˵ôĴҲԭǵˡ
Ųյ֣͵һ̧ǰȥֻѦЦӯӯŵҽʦ̸
̸ʮ硣
һĲյľһ˲ͻȻסѦ񣬴ǳ˳飬ĹЦԳ֯һˮǡ
˱˾סһҿȴɫٿֽյڵϣˤ˸飬תͷԺȥ
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼϡ
޷߳ƣǻƶһůϺͷڱܣͷؿ˼̱㳢Ѫζ漴ĨһУһɫ৵رɲҰס
ڱͬʱѪж֮ס
ľʶǰһһʵû°ɣ
ôˣѦһǰһѥ׻࡭ֶǳԶ𣿡
ǰЩӳɢģǰŴͩػһǰһ
ͩأѦ۲һ壿ǰӷһߣòǡ
ɲˡðǰʾɢ죬һط
޷סڱǣͼѹ²סӿѪȴ޼¡ֻƣͷҲ۵Խз·Ҫݡ
һ·ģصУֱӱԵڵأѣվҲԽģԼðʶҪӱܣȴû˿ܿǰһڣ˹ȥ


313 . 
Ľ뼧h˵֪Ϣ̸ϻؼ, ȴðСԺ⡣
ҿҪŶλʵ֢κ˿, ܱȾð˵, ̴Ҳ, ƳԺ⡣
ֻǿһۣأľҡͷǰ, ȷߣ
Ȼðͷг
ɻľ˵, 뼸λҽʦ˵, תˡ
hǰһס, ҡ
һط, úϢľͫ׽, ڿ۴µ֣Ծ߬ȭ
hѧϰ׶, ͨҩ, ҲϰҽʦΪݣһֱ¶˿书ڴʱԼҽᱻҪֻһ˽
ڲ곤ľ, Ѧʶ, Щ˶, Ҳľ޷ȷ, Ժ, ܷƽ, ֻǿѹͷ, Ѱҽʡ
ɲ۽ȥˣǴҴææȥʧǻصߣҩҽ
ԡ
ҹ¶ءhţ̽ͷҲ鿴һȷˣ߳Χǽ޷סСԺ⣬ηΧǽȴͻȻס죬ϵ䡣
ͷŷվǰĽࡣ
㲻³𣿡ĽüͷеɤʵðڷУѦҲûߡһ˷֣ǡ
һ⡣Ѧ񲽲ΪӪߵڣһҪhȹܡ
ܹȷǻߣжΣĽ˭ҩ˭©ıԣΪԼ㣬㡭
ô˵ѵͲ𣿡hô˵Ҳְ
ҪǲҹҲĽ֣ҽȥ
ǡȵȡh룬ͻȻ˶뵽£ӻͳһֻϸСƿһԲޣݸĽ࣬ʵʲôҰ
ǺĽʵ
ҩľȡľ괺֮⡣hվƿҩۣڷ󣬶ݾϢʮʱ֮ڣԲĽҩɻָϢ
Ҳ˵ҩ˼죿ĽһͷǺãȻطϢ
hͻطУٴλתСԺ⣬һ˵Ľ䷭˽ȥһ·عľǽߣֱ޷Ƿͣ£͸϶ڿȥ
ڵĵƻţ޷ڴͷۿһԵðѦˡ
ȳȥˡѦֵ
ðȥԺС
ĽͷӶڲӰʵʵ
ѦׯⳡϷã޷ĵ
Ǿ͵ÿˡѦ蹫Ӣܣһսо罣֮ѧǰ׼ΨһѪιΪ˸ɵŮˣ
Ϊ˺£ѦׯӦ޷ǵ̸λ׵Ҳǰͣ
ԲӣѦҡͷǺЦҲ˹ǡ
һ仰ܾǵ޷Ц˿ףȴѦׯ壬µõȷ
ֶ˿佱ңϷΡѦ飬ԶôƽͣĸݣΪ
ɱºȴ塢̣
ڴϣԶ֡
õʲô޷ʵһܻã
ڷãŻҪѦֻǸոշеþȡ
޷ǵͷԡ
ңϻݼ繣´棬ռŶԱ˴˵
Ѧ˶ɥ
ֶٺú룬Ͼֻһ껪ٻֲ᣿ôˣϧ̫ϧˡѦ̾Ϣ˵꣬㸺˳ȥ
ð̸һС̸һ뿪СԺĽȵ˱Ӱʧ֮󣬷ƿȣ뷿С
ôˣ޷Ǽ΢һ㶣±˿𣿡
ҵȷڵʲôΡĽߵߣϸһɫôжǳ
ң߹ңѦķ˶ж¡޷ǵ
нҩĽüͷ
ûУܸң޷ǵֻ취ȥǰ
h
书㱩¶ݣð޷˵ţƳһ۴⣬ƼԶŵļЦҡͷլм˻Ļ
֪Ľӻͳľݸ޷ǡ
ʲô޷ǽӹʵ
hҽġĽ˵ţҩ÷ϸ˵һ顣
޷Ƿתҩƿϸ˿ѦµĶ֪δ;ĩ·Ѱ̼ҵ硣ҪôҲῴߡõҩֻ뷽跨ŭȶ֡
ǣõ𣿡Ľʵ
ûпܡ޷ҡͷԿ
͵ƵĹ⣬ƹ䡣ϡ䣬ܸ˼Ĺ⡣ƵĺҹһģŨīĽ˴
ޱߵĺڰѦӰһľǰ
ľ鰸ǰֻһյƣֻһ䡣
޷ΣľŲʵ
Ĳ֢ЩأѦüͷǸоصˣ̫ҲȾ˲ҽʦزˡ
㡭ľһʱᣬվָ㵱Щ𣿡
Ѧҡҡͷ̾˿ģ㽭£һղһա
ҲǰͣľİӢôģΪʧ٣Ϊ֪ĺ·Ϊڴ£һ٣ٶѦѦڿɱˣϲҲҪȥ
֣׼ΨһѪҲ᧿ΣǲǸʲôѦ˵ţǰߵ䣬۵յڵơ
һҹµͷӰ˶ǰ
Ԫ㣿ľֳָȥ΢΢Ĳ
ĸۻˣŮɱˡѦĵ
ҵĴ·һ̣˼žҹڴСԺ䡣ȵĽϵֻݶϷӹһɫӰ޷ò
Ѧ˵ļ磬ײײܳţһ棬졭ȥš
Ľ൱ȳ뷿УľʬףһʱʧڵأŸǰ˿ڣȴһʹ̧һȴһƬࡣ
ҲŹʬѪˮ¶
ĽؿڣҵĿ
ϷϷ⴫ѦʹĻ֪ŮɥĲ񣬵úѺϷ̫ò£Ѷϡ
ÿ޷ǵĻԺ𣬼Ľججţȴѣϥڵء
޷಻˻ǿвȺԺڣĿԽʯżľʬףȻס
Ļ֣̌л㱿ĵ˿ڣ͵ŻһѪ
Ѧ㲻ú޷ǵŭ˵⻰жַſڱǵڵأŻѪ
࣡࣡£Ⱥ֮⣬hеĻʲôˣ࡭
Ľػһ˳ȥȺһӵhơ
Ѧûл߻طڣվľʬԣһ
ҹһҲʧ춼ˡ


314 . ȶ
ɽС, 
Ѧǰ룬ǣűش˸Ȧ, Сһ, ȻԵá
ð², Цͥ
Сˮ¡Ժͷдšӡ֡
֮, վȲɽȻķˮҲ֪ʲôȤ, ҪƻɽȻķ羰, ԼһСԺ
ҽ˫һ֮, ȻѦ, һ, ʱ˺ͣһǳ, ȫ©, ˲ҡ
ѦׯޣļƲߺáðǺЦ治ȥ׷𣿡
˵, Ĺ, ޽֮𣿾Ѳ, , Ҳ졣ѦСһڲˮ, , Ӳд, Ҳ˼աһʲôСѾͷʲôˣȥɱƸŮǡ
˵⻰²յŤͷԺ⣬һͷĻ֮Žһһ
빫ӣ°ˣѦԶԶʵ
˲ԣժĻ飬һף߽СԺڶмĿλϡ
빫һֱƢðһۣ¶졣
ߣ԰۱ϡ˵
ѦЦˬ
Ѧׯָʾܻڰң˵˵ɱŮʱܹ
ܿ졣ѦЦ⣬빫ӣɴ£Ҫȳס˾δɣȥɱˣף
һϹͷƿɶšĿ˵ͬŮҲһ࣬ٵҲۡ
빫ӿ϶µˡðǶ˶ͷȲ裬˵
Ϸ빫ӣһܽ°áѦ޷дƲˡѶ빫ֻ谲ĵȴá
Ըˡ˵꣬Ļͷϣ뿪
ðӰʧҡҡͷϷһ£ʵ벻סѦׯֵڶ࣬αؽҩ͸ⲻִ֪ëͷСӣ
һ׵ġѦվٱСһ裬ɫɡ
պ
ǧ֮⣬ͷˮļˮ辵ĵӰصһݹǡ
عվڶͷŽĻƬ̣̤ϼװ塣
ָһŮϷЦţȥ󲮣Ҳн졣
ģع
ˡں˵ִ꣬ӹץһѣһڣҽһڵϡ
Ҫعؿ
Ǿ͵Ȫ·ϼɡѣվ
ع߬ȭ
ʱͷһǵɨһ󾢷硣عƵһѸ⣬˵һԣһ
ͷĻˣڻװϡ
һ󼲷紵Ļ飬ڿз䵽УˮƯԶ
Χ£ڽԵķ糾Ůһûʧɫ׷ɢԶȥ
ع˿ǰ𣬺üͷſԼ֣书ľ֮죿
ҩ
߻ħعüֽ˼֡
ֻҪɱС԰գһԾٽ
عԣ䷭ӭϡңۣÿ𣬷֮תŲڣ̼ʮС
ȴʱعС۾ʹͷһѪ乡
ںХ̹ǡɱ𣬸棬ع֪˼˿ãֵ׾ɱУգвһƬѪ졣
Ҿ֪˺ҡعҡͷૣҸŮ˾ʱ㣿
˵Щ塣۳ޣص׵Թһ˿ֻҪҪ˶
̣ǣعڤ粻飬һٶв̤ҪǴ
ܣƾʲôкƾʲôұעһ˲ڽ£ұ㲻ԹܺޣҲһҵĿ𣿡԰գһȻֱ̳عĿڡ
𣡡عԳ˰벽һ̴ǻһʹ
ҧһšǿʹ뽣룬˫ϽһۣʹΪڡϽ
Ͻ̧عˣȥ̳׳Ͻ
ϽƿգƫУнعġعƺߣŲȴ޳ͣڰϺѸҵָڴߣһХһƥ֮
֡
ȥһΣӦϵ·عǿ̾ʹȣЩ֣ؿֻҪܾȵɡ԰գ̧ƨһߡ
𷢳˻ȼһ·ﳾ
عߣߴȻصأһƬ
һ·б䲻䣬ȴҲö¾ơѦҪֻ죬ҪһϰпܳΪ·ʯģϡ
ˣôڵ죿
߲ѣȴҲֻԹޣͣԬݣ˵Ρ
޲ɷ˵̴˸Ǳ¥в鿴ΣȻ˳Χǽ⣬صһ˲֮ء
ôˣǰʵ
һ½޵۾Ѩûˡ
ǡΣɫơ
ܻ綼ˣѦı꣬׼ܾȵˣҲı䲻˴֡
ҧҧɫء
ƹӣţĶȥͷԭ˵ˣֻܾˣ롣̫ң˭Ҳ޷֤ûϸֻ跨ס
صͷû˵
СҪúչ˰ֵ
˵Ҷġۺᡣ
һͷתԶ
ֵҹ죬ҫǧ
һ˲Ĺ⻪ܿ죬Ļ
ҹãã
޷ǲ֪Լ˯˶ãֻϡǵûػΪ
ÿյķﶼд˰ðֻҩֻа븱
˲ܲԣҩܲԷҩֻٶԷշսⶾһնԸʤһա
ҩҲŹֵúܣأȴֲݣʱģͬûֻǵԶ书
ֱ
Ժۣ͵ŻѪ֧еֱһƬůסĨһѣһƬɺ졣
޷ſڱؿһЦ
Լô䵽ǱأãܡִŲϷΨڣ΢ãĻתơ
뷨Ѳпܡ
ԶϰһֻҲ֪ûˮŴ齣µأŲȥȴʹϾһˤڵء
ʲôԸȥҪԼѦŶ룬һƽ
Ҫҵʲôʱ򣿡޷ڵϣƽʵ
Ʋ㲨
żѦ˼£ֶһܸȤ
ʦ㣿޷سȥʲô
˵Ѧӣٽ࣬ɱ˽عŮƽϰ¥֮λ
Ѧ㡭޷һʱؿھҿǻֹ
ŶˣѦԶ£һʣķֶ棬ڴ֮ǰѽԬݺصˣɱøɸɾ
޷˫ȻһҲܶ
ص⣬ƺиСŮ
ޢ껪ɰһ嵨գ۾ңһ㣬ظ˵ҪһصĴ
Щ׳ȴֻȥûڳ
ţ۷죬˫Ŀ
˳ű䣬Ϣ
Ҫɴ£㲻ܹʴȡѦͷ˵Ƶᣬʲô
ѦׯˣȻǲס޷ʻᣬѹ·ŭȴЩ
ҲסѦ˫ֱָͦˣٳܿܣѳɶ֡
˵ţ˶٣۵׸һĨ֮ɫúÿŰɣʡ԰գ߳ȥ
޷Ȼ򴰿ڣһԲȻһŲ
ʲôҪҵֻȥ޷ǵ
£һ
޷ǵͷƳһۡ
ȡҩƽⶾƽ¡
˸֣Ľ֮֡޷Ȼͷ˷Ŀ⡣
ȣòαװͶϣż¡˷ɢΪ촷ۣڵϣ֪ŻǲǵãСʱһأ߶ĹӲΣ
޷ãڣһֱǵô£
ǡ˷֮౨ֻǡ뾰أ˺úðᡣ
ˡ޷ǲ̲Ӧһͷȥ
лġҪţвԸƿ֮ˣھΪ˷˵⻰дһ뿪
޷Ծɲԣֻ˫Ŀڴء
·ֻҪۣ⳾ĺڰͨͨԼ޹ء


315 . ϳ
붬, ٻΨк÷Ȼ
ңһȺ̷м䣬˹ݳǡ
΢ʧɢ, һ·Ѱ޹, ֻܻϼ, ȴһѦ˸ٹ˕F׷Ŷ˵֮, ͼڡ
Σδ, ȴڹп˹˕FĹ, ּӦ΢ġ
ʮ׷Ҹ, һĻĽǺǻ, ޴ӵ֪˲֪ȥ, ټѰҲֻܲмС綯
һ, ð, ֻžʡľĽ뼧h䲻޷ǣʢߣѪ, ־, ӡ
᲻֪Լ뻢ڣ
ɶ, , ǸǣҶǵ, Ϊ, һСܷŵ֣
һ, ҲĸԸ
˹ݳǺ˴ķϵݲһֱȵҹΧǽ⡣
УԳլԺϷֻѻһֱưԹ˰ʱɢ
ңڣݲΧǽһ·߱ڣϤǼ⣬СĶ
ڴѦ蹫ΪΣ
Ѧ㲻ú޷ǻѪ
ң⻰ۣСĶŷ򣬼ѦӰԶߣ͸϶ڿ
ûеƣһӰ¶š
ģıӰ²ɵ÷һ鴤ĬƬ̣ƿȣ뷿С
޷ǣǵ׶ʲô򴲱ߣȴ봲֮סŲˡ
˺ʮƽȣһˡ
ǹİϢ
һͷ׳һңƳһâҹɫֱŶܣᵶ
һ͸ʯͷ˻й䣬ˡһءңһɫ䡪Ƿһʯͤڲϵǿ飬ʵһģһ
ȻԭʯӰ
ıڵƻӿУڴҲ˵ءͨĵƻңĿһԾЦ
ü˭
㻹ûңһ
㳤̧֣һ£һӵϡ
ңεбɨȥƳ񣬷â񲻿ɵһʱ֮䣬һƬҽĹӰѸ磬ʽ
ѦԺУĿԽ˳ۿʽɫԽ
֣뵱֪޼οңŶʮ꣬ʱյٻˮ¡
·
ڤˮǡɼˣҲԶԶңлȴĵԷ֮Уһ·˵űߣûлء
ŮЭ̣°Ұ㡣ձƴҲҪ˽
Һźûܾңɫ䣬ᵶɨһǡաʽͷЯ֮ƣ˳һ㣬ǵسӿֱӽƷɡ
ɫţһշԺУһüǿվΡ
˵Ҫңֱָͦ𣬡̣ͤ㲻ȥѰĳˣȴ֣ɱ޹ôʲôӢۣ
񳾵ѩӳң۵ײɴ۵Ĺ⣬εֱ
˵ʲôͫ׷Ŵ󣬡˵ҽˣ
ѦԼû³𣿡ң𣬶ƳѦ񣬺ᵶһ뻡һ˵ȣˣֻб¹ɱɥ֣֮ҶɽׯΪԪ˰¥Ψ㣡˫֣ʼնɸɾ
в̤صøۡѦ˫ָٲȻһ˾ӵģɱ̫أҵ
ǰɱأɱľ㡣ң쵶ֱָǼ⣬Ůվɱ˵ġɱľ𣬶Ѧ۽԰գ沽շݳڻ˳֮⣬һǡϡƣֱȡѦš
Ѧ΢΢Ƴ
񳾵ԴԶƳɽӣѦֻУһȻڣ㲻𣿡
ǻҶ֪㻹ҪЮңңһ޻ڣбնأڵ棬ԺӶһѿһƵ·粷һĿ
˴żѦޱ顣
ʱ䡣ֻܰңĿȫ޶ݣᵶֱɨѦš
ѦܹȻվ˵֪֮ǰ˵Щʲô
Ŀȣһ˿
ңͫ׼һյ΢΢һ
Ѿ仰ԾֹסҡҲ˶񣬵һ˲
Ѧôʱչ˿ֻ¹֮£һ޴ĺӰӿһңڡ
ʮأֱӽѹڵء
ңȴѶãչĿȥֻ߶վˣÿﶼűԵ׶档
Ѧ޳֮ͽңָ϶۽׶ǰ˻𣬡ؽʬΣ
ǲ漣Ѧ԰գ̷תﳤȥ
ңŭ㲻м̬±Թɱһӿһ˫ﲼɺѪ˿ҪѪƴȫվ˺ȴôҲѲ
ߵǰȻ߾ٳ´ȥ
ңʹһٴˤڵء
㡭㣬ְν˿ȾѪֱ͸Ƕ
𣬡ԶѦĵĻҪҲӢۺǰ
ɱأԣֽ΢΢һͣȻбǰһѿڡ
ң˺ȴѲһʱ֮䣬鲼׷ɣϰӣ¶ǰ
ɫ䣬ִȥ˫۽ڵǰ̧ŭ
䱻˵ŮȴҲϵѵһòϳϰ䣬ֳڱأηӯ͹¡Ю˽Ⱪ¶ǰĻϲ֮˴۸
˷׷׷в죬о棬гЦΪĺ
֮裬ûһĮȻյô˿ӣܱʲôá
޳ܣңʹһ
ǱģֻܼܿΧЩ桢ѣĿ⡣
òЫĳٴξٽĿңգɫȻ£һңա
ңʹǰԵϾգƽ׶һ೤˿ڣƤⷭ
ԹƼһꡣ
ߡת
ңȴӲ˫˶밵Ρڼ䲻֪˭ûռ˱ˣȻŭȴҲס
֮ʣ֪˭ŷһѡңæʰϣ˿ھʹһš

ԣ
ڷǵֱа ֱа裨˵ԻٵŮŮ˵¡/˺· Ϊۣÿɫ100+˸Ǿھ񲡣ֻסԺдġ ܲҡӦõġ


316 . β
ڶԺ, ңܽˣ裬, ಻ԡ
ƫԺ, Ŵ޷Լ, ײײĴǰʮָǶ봰, ˺קȣֱͻ, ȴֻǿһխϸ졣
, ڻйһȭش˹ȥ, ȴ޻, 
ҩ, ѹµ, һ, һССĴ޷ƿ
ˮ㳲ӿڴϵȴɿ޷ϥǽ棬һ», Ȼȥ
ʹѦ, ʹԼѦ޶, ɥ, ֺԼС΢, Ϊңĸ߲ۡ, ڲ, Σʱ̣ͬ
ߵŴݣÿһ˶ʡ
֮󣬳ǽɽͷħᣬʱұػ˺úϴһһ档ѦĻʱ˵
޷һ飬ǵűߣ˻𣺡ôˣ
ûлӦֻннԶĽŲ
㣬׶ʲô޷飬ɤɳƣȴֻʵķ
żųҹ尾̶̰Ժӵľ룬һ֮أԽ˵ǧɽˮ
ںҹȥûڲңڵİΣȻֲָ
ڽ䣬˿ڴľʹΣѣҵξһУͯʱ¶çײʱԸ񣬶ʱǲһ÷飬ĺĺ
ʮĹ⾰·˵һ顣⽣Ӱһ̣սĻ
̹֮ˣ಻ɳӣֱ˿̣ԾɶѦķңеʡ
ѵ;ʲôˡ
һֻ̣ģԾ޷ǵİΣ
һܻãһ˹գҲֵá
⡭
ô۸ۣҲҪѦµһͬᡣ
ЩңԺ˯˹ȥ
ڰգ޷Ҳڽ졣
˼ǽ·޵޻
ŵһͷֻ˷ż˽һոµ
޷ǻƵĽ⿪ѣָȴڻдһ
ľ
һ˲кȼһ˿ϣо綾괺Ϊβ
յķ󣬵ٻ졣缱磬ѹǣ·ʱб١
ݳǽɽң˼ʯֽ̨Ŷһ˷ֱ˩ʯ̨Ľǣ
˵Ѧټѵ롣
ֻǣ¥Ⱥס
ˣмһֱ˸߸λջλͣλǰûѦЦǺߵ̨ǰԸ˵شҶ֪߳彭ģֻϽ磬б¡
ѹɽôʵѵҲˣ
ǰΨϥһӣ褡ѦлԵ㽫Ҳ԰գơ
һ̨ǰ˵ߡ
λĹӣ
һ˲š
Ҳ˵ã
ˣۿ
ңƼ褣һʱ¶졣
벻ˣվϸ·ͶѦ
ңбıɫް
ϧڴˣϽȴ𺣸̾ҪȾߡ
ŵĲȬѦ£ڴ˴˭Ҳȱ
ңԣһɿ̧ۡ
һϤӰ˹ɶ·ȴһô
޷Ŀƽߵǰϥŵأֱң˫Ŀһԡ
޷ǡ㻹ţңϲѣһʱ쳣Įɫ
𣬵Ϳ£һƬƬصѹ˴
ǰĸûô޷ǴãĮȻ
ĻǳζĮͬһİˣ
ңͷһ졣
꣬޷Ծɿң꣬ȵһ졣
⻰ʲô˼ңüһ˿ڷʹȥʹ಻
޷򢣬ʹӣװɵ˵꣬ȻǻϵʱԼصôãҲЩôƭôɱ㣿
ңŵҡҡͷ
ѵ˵ԹзһԭһֱԼΪƭŮֳԭΡԭԭǶ
һϯѦв֮ɫָֺܿ糣
ңŻ׹һϯ⣬һ鴤һЦ
һֱߣ֮޷Ǵ򢣬¾ɵѽԺЩ㾡ңΪ˱ң֮࿹⡣ôŮˣ˵ţЦϷƵĿٲȻһʤߵ̬
Ҳƴȫңƽ·ǰһĮţһ㣬νͣ
޷ǰ˿ߣ᣺񣬽ȷвᡣ
ңԣƳȻЦһһڡ£뵣ǣһɢʾɫֻʣĮ
޷ƫͷܹһ
޷ǣһúѿңЦһһ˵
̻룬ԭΪΨһģġ
ȴ֪ģԭ
޷ǻ̧֣֧ܽصľȡ¡һʱ䣬˿ٰɢںвסֻ¶԰׵벱
ôƾ𣿡˳ɢĳ£Ժ󣬺šһק
ѵĴʹУңһ΢΢ף˫ۣг⡣
͵ըһף˲˵Ŀ⡣
ôһ̣޷ǽľ£УѵĵĿľҩĨ漴̧֣͵شĿڡ
ͷ΢бܿҪ
Ѫʣҩۣ˿ڵѪӣеڵϣе˿ڣѪ⡣
롣޷ȻľҼ㣬治֪αװȥ
԰գγľֺݺݴ롣
ң˿ھʹ絶
֪ǰ֮¶ȴ䡣
ع֣ǻԣңʵûаģ
Ļ̡
ȻҵݣѵҪŮ˼𣿡޷ٶȰһ̡
ͷϿգ֮ٶңϢ΢΢ĿɫȻ
ԭǰ֣
ԭضǻԡ
ϲĻƣƭĴ
뼰˴Цֹȴκ
޷ǰγľĴָжΣһľǼΪء
ңʧѪ࣬Խģǰһڣ㲲Ȼء
ôҪˣǰһѦׯ˵õħᣬôǼ˶û֣˾ˣ
Ѧԣʯ̨̽̽ңϢͷ˵ϢѾȷˣ԰գĿɨ½ˣתϴǼ˵Ҫ
˾ˣֱӶɽǡ˵ǶӢۺúֲǽ࣬ѵҪʬɣ
ѽ˶ǹ˼ˣʲô
˵ֻѦֹ˵֮ˡ
޷۽ɨ𣬽ߺŭ𣬶ĵס
Ҳǣɽ˶ãҰһҲйˡһ˵ô̫ˡţǸᰡ
Ҷ֣µļ𣿡޷Ŀ䣬ȥ۵¶ɱ⡣
⡭ȻͬŮĳ𣬲ġƳĿ⣬һ£˵̱Ⱥ
Ůˣ׻ŮҡѦαӵ˼£ǵ⸽Ҹطúð˰ɡ
޷ǲһԣĬĬվ𱳹ȥǿԼٿһۡ
ֻ¶ˣ¶ڡ

ԣ
ڸ
ȫ߳show time
轿ԨҲһ̿ʼ
ҵķǷǰͱʱĶڵѪ
ʹģΪҪ


317 . ˼
籩ϯ, ſŰּÿһľҶɣһһ֮Уһ·
ʲô͵ţֻдŤŤ, ˸Сʰɣɣһ, һ汧Թ, 벻鷢ôͻȻйװġԭȻǸ˾ӣû뵽´˺֡
ǡҲ뵽, ˾顣Ҷɫ۵׳ǡ
˵ûпŵɣ˼һ, , 㿴˵ץˣץ˺ü, ȴһζû˹ҿ, ǰ, ֻкľҪĻǲҪϵһҲɱɣ
, ɱ㡣Ҷ
ɣһʼ, ˵
δͣ˻ܵ͸ʪͳƽڵʵʵһgg˼ſŵΡˮּĶָҶĺš
, , ƮѩҪ
˸ϵݳǽ, ͼֽҵħḽҰء
ư, Ҳ, ϵˮ, ؽ, ȫȻǷҶ״Ҳ룬ֱڵͽھ䲻һʯͷĻһ೤˺ۣѪֱ
ɣ䭼ˣҡҡͷһ£һ沦ʪһ˵ŵݳ⣬ţ֪һ֪ͬ˲ɣɱѦ壬صڴΧ㡣
ϻȥɽˣæûкۼɾҶͷרľͷҲ̧˵У˭ĻƣҲֻŵˡ
ɣſڣû˵
ʱҶûָ⴫һ˿ȴĴУ͵һǿƼϤףͣڣæӿ춯ϵһԵɣչæòײŽǶɾ
ңһ嵶Ҳһߡ
ˣһ壬ںδ˾ںδЩɣҪػǽġ
ҶСӣ§ڻУ˫ĿգһģԽת˲ۿ
ɣ䭷ӦѸ٣ִһֻСԲޣ򿪴ɸǣȡһҩȴôҲȥ
ɣƢҪ촽ҩ˭֪һʱûȣҩֱӴָ们䣬֮У˸һȦࡣ
Ϣˣιȥɣ㶵ô죿
ҶƳһۣȡһҩ裬ͷԿ֮ͣιңС
ɲֱ˵û׼˼Ըɣż죬ôҲ˵
ҶһöҶƬЩˮιңĿתҲգۡ
ң˫ĿգһҲ
ǲˣɣҩޣ䲻
ҶһƸϣƿ
ʱңͻȻһ鴤ԳҶϲæͷȥ鿴ΣȴƤֻһֱϣ˹ȥ
ߡҶңȥȴʱһ们ڵϡ
ˡɣ䭼׷ǰ
ҵġҶƳһۣ
ɣ䭻˻ΰңŬŬ졣
Ҷһֱңһֽӹ뻳С漴СӵŻɽ´ȥ
ɽҰСû˾ҽʦҶֻܰиṩס޵ϸæңҩ˿ڡȵϸ뿪ŵң
ǵһοң˯գ޳Ľë΢΢ĩ˻δ͸ˮ顣
ĵңİΣȫȻ˱ڻİ
ҹũСªʱʱ紵ҵνҶϹ޼£Դ¼˺һƲϡ
ɣ䭶ˮݣͭ裬ͷһңΣշͬѰĺΣü΢΢һҶڷȡ
Ҷæתǰֱ̽̽ǰ¶ȣüٿ𣬳ɣ䭵ȥλϸ˻ڲڣҸ¡
⡭Уӣ֮Σᡣɣҡҡͷת߳ţһ㽫ϸ˽
ϸ˰æңĹɣҶվſڣɵƵĵȴšɣʵģҶ²ϡˣб˿ڣ룬˾ȻʱѶûáȻŮ˲ȤҲòϣȷʵƯ᲻Щʱ򡭡
Щ䲻ȫǵλ֮ȴҲסҶƳЩ
⸱ģôͣɣʡ
Ҳ֪Ҷ˵ţĬãֵҲ
ǡǸˡɣ䭲һôʱ䣬ٻŲãôҲʱ򡭡
Ҳ֪ˡҶۿֺ˼֣˵⻰
Ϊ⿪ңɷֻΪֲԼҲ۵ĿĿͶԶȥζ˰ãһء޷ȴԴǵˣĿ¶ӣ˺٣ڵأ̤һɶ
ҶʵڷֲԼ˿̵龿ʹޣǺڡ
ƺڵʸҲûСԼǸδ۵ˣлѡ
˼˺һȻſͷƼϸ߳֡ɣ䭻صڲ쿴Ρ
ңճѵδȫˣȴҲԽЩ
Ҷǿ֣Ϣһֱڴ齱ߣȴʼղתѡ
˵ûҲǺ£ɣ䭰ŵ£֮˺㲻Ҳɵ졣
ˡҶ۲Ĳΰӿ
ҪǷˣʲô㣿ɣʡ
αΣֻҪáҶ
ʡɣ䭰һۣ˵Ͳܳ顭Ͳܺúȡ𣿡
ȡʲôҶޱ飬ѦûҸծӳʴȡ
ⲻԣɣҡͷѦѹûϹ㣬ֻͬѪԵûԵ
û˻ԸһһԼɱĸ˵ĶӡҶ²ҪᣬҲ뷨԰գɫ̱ȥ
ɣ䭼㣬Ҳûʡ
ɽ٣ӿĺ˼һ̻һϣͨͨ𡣰ľףأͬǴһһ͸
ݳ޷ǹУŽ䡣
ѶԼֿʱѪˮϴǻϢѪζȴ·˫ϡ
˫ȴǵһմѪҵϣ֮Ҳصס
ԼپͺãԹޣҲùͬ»ȪѦң
ٽ峿ıֻͣƬ̣޷ͻȻһ֨ѽĿ졣
ûлͷԾš
ôͻȻתԣѦߵ£Цݯ}ˣɱˣ
һʱͿġ޷ľȻԼܵҸµ
ѦչüĿӻͳһֻСƿ޷Ǹǰ
ˣ·޷Ƴ
ǴĽҩδκζѦƿһҩ裬Լȥ漴չ˫۸

޷ľȻһ
ܲɢˣϱ˫ˣһҲӡѦοҶ˵ĲѾˡôӶҰɣ
޷ǲԣֻҩƿ˿Цʵ㲻ҵǸĸ֮һɱ㣿
Ϊ˻ȥɱԼŮˡѦɫζұһˣֺαμδӢͬ½ദʱҲ˸ĸ֮жٸ飿
˵꣬ͣһЦԽ׽͸Ǵˣ¡

ԣ
ⲿιҩ뷨ԴԿƼӰӾ
ˣŮôιҩ
Ҳϲ1v1Ҳбôôֱ׳ŮҪֶҪbbôô
һֱᳫŮƵдҪƵ˼άŮôԲԣתһ£Ƶϲͬͬû⡣
Ȼңңûģ߼Ͳˡ


318 . ծѳ
޷ޱĻ, δֱѦЦҩƿ, еƵ, ƿ, ҩġ
ű㹻Ѧ񲻽ѡ
޷ԣɫҩ赹ƿ, Žҩģ¡ҩ˳ʺ븹, ҲŲһ
Ϊ͵, Żᵱڽˣ˵ôĺĻ֪ȴ˾, õѦ
ǰ˶˵, Щá֮, ־䶼ʵ⣬Լ, һ, ҲֻΪ
޷һ㱣ľõĽŷƵľʹ
ѦǰٴʹҲǿܡþ˻, ǿѹ·ӿ, 
һ, ŤͷƳһѦ, 齩Ӳ, ٶʯ̵һ, Ӳƴ, ޷ǣһ˿һ
һۣңĵĬĬһ̾
ľѳۣı䣬Ǳֻûһ·ԣδ׼ܳΪڶѦ񣬻ǰˣӮһ̡
ֻǴӴľ٣Ϊһһصףա
ѦվɨһܣƤЦⲻЦŮ˲ҪպиµġٳѾͷһֱ㡣ҲǹʽȢҲͬһһ常ίɣ
л޷ǵĮӦĲԾ鴤
ôϷȥšѦյߣһһ˵
޷𴽽ǣһЦ
Ѧ¶΢ЦٲȻһ߸ϵʤ̬תţﳤȥ
޷Ծԭλһ֪˶ãӲŤͷĿӹ볨ȣһ˵СԺ
ˣѾˡ
ֻббҵ㣬žôͥлݣӵ졣ȱ紵òסҡΣ֨죬̹㱻˽żһƬʯʪ
޷ǺϢԾվ߹꽽ʪĵ棬żԺС֮ܵˮһת۽͸ʪ
ͷܲ졣
գ¿̫ˡ
޷۽ȴӿȣˮգֹݣ೤
ŵģֻҲԽҵ˼ƬѪԺУ֮ɢ
ˮ͸٣ѹͷԽز޷ǻجج֣ȡ·ڣָһɣ֮ڵϣˤ÷顣
ͷôۣӲǰľͤȣҲԽģ
źڰϮ޷ֻһգȻ׹޾Ԩ
ڵϣʧȥ֪
ƸǶ쭣Ҳߵ˸ϵĻˮ˳һ£һֱڵϣϵʯ彽˳ŵбĻٻܣûָ
˷ſɡҴææܽԺ
޷ǲˣղˣջԲѣϲ²ɥ¡ϢѦ񣬺ܿ㴫ȥݡ
ҲޣٳٶȻܾѦŵĻ¡
ںڰһӰ˵ɲ㲻ޡ
Ѧ̧Ǹվٵӣתٳ٣Цˡ
Ҳޣٳ˺г˼֣п־壬Լ꣬ͬŮ˶ɱҶʲô
ңǸ˵ö֮ŮףʲôѦ㲻Ǻϲ𣿡
ϲʲôʱϲٳٺֻǿʲôãԼҸôܹ뵽ˣ갡ʱⶼǸŮȻµ֣ˣǸ޳һǲͲҲ𣿡
ܵи߶šĸû׼һ˼Ѧ񴽽΢лιһĹ⣬Ҽѡҵĵһʧء
ҲޣҲޣٳٻ̿ΪǶôңΪҪҵӣҲûԼ뷨ûԼΪҪң
ûѡ񡣡ѦɫȻ£ҪôޣҪô
ٳٲԣȻ£ȴѦҪĮһ˿ɱ
ͷתȥ
ԺеԶæ׷ȥһ׷һ溰ӣʲôˣҪ˭
˭ٳܻطУ޵ڴϣǸħɱŮ޷ǣ
ѽӴǰϲ𣿡岻⣬Ҽǵʱ㻹˺ôĹ򡭡
ϲƨٳĨ˰ᣬʱʲôڵʲôΪ˹ΪѦ£ԼŮ˶ɱʲôʲô㣡޸𣿡
ǡѦׯỤɡ
ɵǼɵ˵Ѧ񣬰ҵڣĴҡٳӣֻѦ͸ҵһŮСʱǿģһȥĿµСܣҡ˶㡣ٳȻЦ
ǡӣҲûѡˣǰ֣˵ҡһһֱߣǸ㶯֣һ㵲ţ
塭
ӡ
ĹԶ֪űһ
ٳţݳǸڲϵþôһ𣬾㲻̱Ҳá
˷˵£ڻڵǰ˹ֻǻûȫЩ㻻ҲԵЩ㲡
޷úܣαװˣһʱҲòˣֻǽ˲ǿڹȥϾħɢǻ˶꣬жգԭ飬ȾϷ纮Ҳ֮С
ղУܻμչˣμңŴѪ˿ڳʣᣬһĵףѡ
ػؾѣ档
ʧĻ꣬ȴҪǿ򶨣ǹϺϷԷŮΪߣߡ
ԹǣɣȨйƵĺһקٳһ
ٳٱ;һק¸Ǻ²ѣᶼ۽ǣ㵱޳
ӣɵСİպͷûֶ˵ýһֱϧ񣬼ɹһҲϧ񣬸۲ѣæ
⣬ھֶǣߣ޷ͷüһģŰ衣
ˣûţ̲סüֳϺ˵˵
޷ǲΪһЦתǣ
ڽľȻһĻԾҡҡͷ
ϻ˷ֱûãѦˡ
֪첻㣬ԷָԼһˣʦϰ½
ʦĴ͵֮ѧ¡
Ȼ£òͷֻ̣ȴ϶캦֮¡
ôλΪʲô
ôɱ֮ˣİվһŮаʳͬΣ᣿
ԼպóɣҪǿĳ衣
ʱһλ۽ɽׯС˴˽һѦ
һֻ
Ѧ񿴼ɫ䣬ȴֺܿ侲뻳УССʵ˭ģ
û壬Сҡͷ¶ˣû¶
סѦɫ
Ṧ̫ߣ׷ϰСε
㡭
常Ϊ·ʵĻ˶˽̸

ԣ
cƪcһΨһܹϵŮֻŮûκ
ʼպûйܹϵֶûǣ
߷һԭꡣõļױŮʼ޷ңˣңĹҲҪżأؽڣ


319 . Ƕ
ѦŤͷ, Ƽ޷Цɫʱ𣬶ЦŽմϲ, ɫת١, ǣˡ
Ȼ޷, ӻͳһͼֽݸѦ
ǺѦӹչ, Ŀ΢΢һ
Ǵ򿪻غеͼֽ½, ǽˮκܳر
Ͷ״˵Ǻʲôû, ֪һְ, ġ޷˱, , 常񰮣ü顣Ȼ¼ҹһ, סôլ, е㲻ϰߡ
Ѧ˿΢ף۵׸һ˿ײЦ
š
޷ûͷ, ǰѸֳŻ, ȴԾЦ, Լһյ, ͷӭϷͷĽӡ
, , һ, ȫȻĶ
ǰЩߣǻءڨЦٱϷƵĴһһɫǸʤաǵʲô鵤ҩҲҳ
˵Цˣ޷ǸзˮЦݼϡоյ뽭ֻһֳ˲ע⣬ɿ콫յת˰ȦܿλãһЦʲô鵤ҩĽѽ⣬óԸˡ
ŶӺٺЦóԸòŮйذɣ
¥Ѧɤӡ
Ŷˣӻͷ𣬵һֳŮˣ㻮ޣǵóĽᡣ̱ħʲôöڽѣɦŪˡһá
޷ֲУѽ߬ȭ
ȴҲֻЦװ⡣
ϲ绶ڣ˳ӿʽĳ滰޷أӭӦ硣л㱣˼ֱֿ˿ֻóһյյУͼ˽Լ
αЦݣȻһߣϡЦþˣҲѣᴥܳһ˿Ѫζ
ƻϼѪɫյĺɫﵭˡĺɫҹɫϯɢ·͹ңΨѦլ
޷ȻתԷŘڻȻ̨ǰͣ½Ųޱȿܡ
Ҫΰѣֵ̬Ůˣ
޷Ŀһڹƿţż
ŸովȽŲ㿴ٳٴӴվִӻͳһذָ㲻Ҫң
ҲŸҪɱң޷ֻЦϷС
ᣬȴԼԲ汻ͱһֻûͼȰѵ¡
ԽǰߣٳٱԽ£ɤһߣޱȣ˵˲ĵĶ׼ң
޷ҡͷ̾˵ȴнŲ
ʶô£ִٳذףֿסţء
ٳŵɫҰףгɤֱ
޷Ŵ̶̲סüͷ¿տգûð֮ģֻס˫֣Իͷ⶯
ˣƺδ뿪
ٳټ񣬻ֵ̿һ˲׼֣·һ֧ĥĽ˳ȥ޷ʶ̧һñСָһ˺ۡ
˻ûߣٳڣسӣֻ÷ٳپѨλιȥ漴ʣϴ齣ѹŴҡҡ֨ѽҡε죬Ϊ棬Բ쳤ĴŴضڵء
һУ㱧ϥǣڴǿʼȴ
©٣εδƵģûĵס
ÿʱỵ̈ڼ尾
޷ǿһۻԵٳ٣ԡŮӵӡ󲢲ãֻĻһгơ
뵽ҹҹҪŮˣ໥ƣ޲Ծ
ֻԸۣݻһУȥΪ
ǰӰб֮ˣҲ뿪
ٳҲ֪Իţ˯˹ȥ΢
޷Ƴһۣѹֳֵ˼֣̾˿´ߵԣƺֱӶſڹȥ
δȴѵ۽ǡ
ڵϣһŵĹѣһϤĻ𡪡
гһףԵܰԸҵӣ
ңԸΪýɽģֻ޷һ֮ޣ벻ΥԸǧУһ
ſڣҲƲס
ض棬һĻĻǰ֧׹Ԩɢ䣬ҲƴۻüȴϹӣõȴһƬƣнƶϾٲỶϲҲʹˡ
̨ƻϨѺܾûзԾů
ƣҲŲˣµģһ͹࣬ͼɬζն顣
ģҪİ֮һһ
ٰ翹Ը˵ĺ
ȴվߵһ죬òα̬һУˣӭϲס
Ҳɡ
޷ǽƽȵǰģ尾ĥӻɻþþְξ
޷ƽͷһƣһƬʲôֻϡһӰججǰȥȴϵ׹ɺɫ㣬Ѫˮһ㡣
ǵصѪһû󺰣ȴ˻ӦֻǸģӰʵҰ･нԶֱʧ
Ӱǧ֮һξԽҲԽ
ɽĹȣҶɿݵ֦ڻްҹɫлûһֻֻȵצԴԴΣסңʺ
ɽš̫ˮסؽءݳ⣬ɽǸˮĵضÿһȣÿһĻػ̬вȫ飬Ķ֣һθһκ
Ұ׵ξ֪һƬȾ͸
⣬Ŀ־⣬ǵûܽѣӾ˿ڵʹס
ڴߵҶæ鿴ȴֻ˯˹ȥһ˫üչšһ
جˣϥڴߣСñ죬̧򴰿ڡ
ع֮ͨ⣬ǸΪİĳȣӣһһ޾ֹȴõĽ
ʹվֻһ̾Ϣ
֮Уǧʣ޼ѡ
֮⣬ǧ֮ңڰҹĹݳǣǳУͻȻһ˺ѡ
޷ȻֱһƬȼ
㡭ʲôٳȾѪĴų˹
޷Լϵˣɨȹڣȹ廨մѪգҡҡͷ
Ȼ˵ʵԱˡ
ͿʼСУ㵽ʲô޷ǹͷ顣
㡭㾹ʡٳŶڵأ
ȳɷޣȻҪһءС֣ͳʧȤ޷ǲͷ˵꣬Ҫߡ
ٳٺȻֹסȡ¹ǽϵլ˹
޷ܣ㷢ʲô裿
ףҪٳٲɷ˵ٽһͨҿ
䲻书ȴúܣ·ҴܣƵ޷
ﶡ㵱һͨ죬յĵ飬ľƼҾϵǱĺۼ
ķˡٳ٣ǰһһԶ޷иҪ͡ˣֻһֱܣ׷ӳ⣬һ̧ͷȴѦԺڡ
޷һɫֶ±ٳپɫֹûУǰԼҪ޵𣿽ԸĻˣ
޳ܣٳʹһ
鱯໰˵ɿϵĽȴֱ죬˵ȥ
ôˣѦװУǰ
ҹҴΣҲҸٳٻ¡
ѼΪ˸Ѱ¡Ѧˡ
в̴Ҳ׷̽ͷ
ЦѦڰֵٳ٣˳֮ǰ常ô˵ˣ
ǡٳٿżڲϵĽɫԽȻ£ţưҲͰˣǡǡǳҲǿռƦåҲˣ
޷ⷬԴǣζӳ£ȻѦãҲ˵ʲôѽڵϣĸ첲ϻűߣ뷿ִ߰ϡ
Ϸŵһ̣˫ְ飬͸ŘڲסſУֵüεŮӣȻǰƹһ澵ӡ
εľӣԼͻȻеޱİ
⻹

ԣ
һ٣ٳɻ飬
˵ʵҾдûͦʧܵģŮͷӽչĽġΪһ鳤ԣǧڰŮbossŮߣӮŮİ顭


320 . ͥ
ܲ, ¹ڣ˻Զյң˫ۡԭȵӣ˿ȴޱ, ƶ˻ꡣ
Ҷҩߵ߶, ̽̽ǰ¶, ˿ˣɻĲ
ңľȻҡͷ
ϵ̫, »̡ҶСȥѰ̺۵ҩ㲻̫ġ
ˡ
ҪҪԵ㶫ҶĲѡ
ңԾҡͷ
ȥ, ӳŲס
, ˯ң˵ţֺۡ
Ҷü, ˼һ߿, ҩڴ߰
ʱ, űƿһԴ̽˽, ɣ䭡
͹ȥ, ˳㻹ڹݴ˼Ϣɣ䭼ңۣΪڻԣӴŷ켷, յҶ, , Ϊֻǻ, ˭֪ġͬ˵, ˡٳټ޵, 鲻Ըǽһ, ҹҲ˼ҹ뷨ֱӰ˸
С㡣Ҷ
ǣֵÿɴˣɣ˵ǿȹƵ˼ҪɱֵǷꡣ
ҡҡͷ벻òȻľ罣ȴǸ̰ɫ֮
˵˴ȻסһƳһϵңûɰô绨Ĺ˵ɱɱĪý˵֮Լ˼ңʼա
ɣ䭣Ҷֹ̺Ļ
Ⱥͷ齣ŷң֪ʱ˫ۡ
ңޱ飬ܹ
ǵǡɣ䭲Ҷͼ֣æ͵ᣬǵ㱻ƭˣľ𣬻
Ҷһɣ䭵죬ʱĿתסңϸ顣
ֲֲԿң˸ţֱֻۣǿ
ĺ˿˼ʱ֣ⱨӦҶקסɣ½һ࣬úϢǲ㡣˵ţţɣ˳ȥ
ңźϵٴۣŴ𣬶һҩҲգһ¥ȥ¡
˿ʹĿڵĴˡСȴ˵üһֱʹอ
Լ仺Ķ˸ǱסҲղϡ
ǽǽϷǽյĴŵİɴһ㱡ңɵġһ󣬻ĻѽţûӰӣһһԶ֮⣬Ǹĸ֮ˡӰӾɢһĻĻϤıϡ
Ȼһ磬˱ɴϵĻңӰҲŵлˡȴ壬Ҳǿģտյ
Ҫ˵֧ľ͸ǻһĻʹĻ˴˿̣ϵǴѪ⣬Ȼľû˺ѷε˻Ҳûʹһȥ£·޹ء
ң΢΢˶Цˡ
ԭ˵£Ҳˡ
ȻǴһԵŵȹһѣȴտҲ˿ƺʲôͻȻըѿۡһ졣
ģһǵصѣΣܿ˯ȥ
һȤΣһֳֺڣϸ˲ͣ˵ȴ·ûвҲûгڣڵУֻһֱһֱǰߡ
ȴʱĺͷӿһů
ңڴߣ͵ŻһѪ
û°ɣڴߵŮӼ״Χ£гʵ
ң˿˵ģм죬׽÷գȺƳס
ˡ̽̽ǰ¶ȣæվȥ
ˡңɳƣû¡˵⻰ɫֿ˼֣ǰһתǰԵȥ
һŮæȣ§ڻҧгݣ޺˵ϵ˾ûһö鲻ƣͷȴΪԼֱ֣
ҵͬ˵ˣңŮЦΪƣ
˵ģɣʹŮһţһ˵˵ƭ飬һˣʵڿԡǶ˵˵
лңһͷɫƽ
Ҷ֪ңַȣ̱˹
ɣҲ󣬼ʼնǸģ׽͸ŮյС㿪⿪
ȰˣûʲôӦҲǲġŮʵʵҡͷ
ɣһʱԡ
ʱҶҩߵ£̽̽ңǰ¶ȣʵЩ𣿡
ңͷӹҩڱȵøɸɾ
飬˿ڸԭ֮󣬻ҪѪڴڼŭҶ
ңͷԾɲ˵
ɣʵڿۣǰŮҲؼ⣬ǰǴæкҪɿڡģƴǡ
áңѵ³һ֣üֱ˿
ʵǰ£ҲҪϣ϶ô࣬˻һƣɣ䭼˵㿴ңҲ㱻˺һ𡣡
ûң̧ͷɣ䭣ɫƽʲôû롣
ֵɣ䭷ˣգգۣ˺ð죬ʵû°
ңҡͷ
ǡɣ䭺ðűһ仰ָҶ㻹ͬ˵һɣġ
û£Ҷ硣ңתҶ
֪Ҷ̾˿ͷվú²˺Ժ󡭡ʲôҶ㡣
лңͷ
ıʵЩͷ˶ЩҲֻҲֱ˵ڡҶɣ䭶Ź۲գҲкֻչӣٶ
֪ңԼ벻ףŲɵֿʹɱ֣»ǿ̹ǵʹȴܲ֡
Ǹ˵֣ڶУİˡҲΪصһ۱˻ǻϲ
ɽжҹຮš
ҹɢǡ
ɻԺٳ򴲵Ѫ֮˺üգͣƺҲٳ캰ɱҲٽ顣
һ޷Ƿͷˡ
鷿һֱҹ죬˷ˮݣͷһ˼ǰӡ
£޷Ƿ鱾˫ַΪա
⼸գδš˷ԥԥ˵᲻ᱻߡ
޷Ŀ̾ãҡͷƿ߳鷿
鷿ңһ֮ء޷ĥĥͣڻİСԺ
ľӳԺԺĲľҲʼ㣬֦Ѵܳ⣬޼
޷Ż԰ȴͻȻһִٵĽŲ̧һȴıӰʧԺſڡ
ⶢ
ʲôķӣһݣѦĲ¼ɣ
޷Ǻģ󲽣ԷǰһƿţƼٳ޾ڴأһƼ̱ȥ
Ƭ̣ż
Ҳ㶯֣ܷܲŹңٳٺȻڡ
޷ԣ΢һ㶣ߵ߳ȥ
룬һҲҪϢģһʱģ
޷ǲЦŹʲô
ȴ˵ѵ㲻ϷŹ
ֻҪһžУٳٴҲ书Ķ֡ҪΣҶᷴ
޷ôֱһɣԳ⣬˫ۺϱԶԶġ
ٳ͸ŭ𣬶ãڵʲô˼
޷Ƕǿһϰżһ仰ѵζҪʲôûʲô
ٳһ⻰Ƿŭѣָƿڴ޳ܣ
޷Ȩ⻰ֱӺ۾װ˯
ٳץͷȥ룬ֱͷ˽䣬˸֣̿ѵؽһҹ˵ڶգ޷һ㷭´齣Գȥˡ
ѦŮΪɣׯа˲֣ÿ޷ǳţǰӵ
޷ôǣҲκֻڽй䣬ЩڵС⣬ˡ֮ĶһǮֱ˻ӣЩŪæҡ
һ·Źţ㵽˻֡
ϲֵطͷβͷ棬װģ˹ĵĵͽӣһڱŻȴӲͷƤǰȥһҽϧ󡱵¥ǰһŮڴǮǮǴүмǮˣҪҸ²ɣȥ
޷üһŤͷڿȥֻƼһŻòɴŮӣһһƨϣֱӰߵڵء
޷һӣָŮӵȥ

ԣ
ĶǴһգǣģ


321 . տվ
ʲô˵һס
ȥ޷һѡ
ԭ˷, ƷЩ˽⣬ָֻһͷˮ, ȴҲָֻ߽ҽϧ¥, ˵˵, λ˳
ŮӻͷϣֱҲû, ߵ޷Ǹǰȴ
糾˼˻, һģ, ·ˣɫҲԻЩ
޷Ǽõ, ̻ͷһ۽ɽׯ̴϶, ˸, һ롱ơ
ӣ֮, ˾Ծ, ཫ̻֮٣µȡλţǴҡڣֱӰ˴ؼ
ŮӱԷ, ȴ
ô, Ҳ֪ʲôط, Լ, ⿿˿ɱȥ
ôƺ޷, ̴ӽŹ, ȷ˶Զ֮, ˿
ͺáŮЩ
޷óöϣƵǰһ£ݳϷֻҪʲôøɡˣô˵Уڶ£ɶκ͸¶˵ţߵһԸ߹ǰȡһᡣ
ǾļҴ֮ѧ
⻰ɵۣһϵĽҧҧֵ˵ʮרһôǮΪྐྵӣ
𣿡޷ǻصԣٴ£ûȥҪӭŲ뿴˷ġ
ǡ⡭ʶв̽ǰ¶ȣȴ㿪
Ӵأɴۣϸòǡ
ʲô޷ǲ⡣
ûûʲô˿Լ˱ˮ˴յ¶ǣҾǮ£˵ʲôʲô
ʮƽԼĪһٶᣬʲô¶øɣžС
ֺ£˭Ըأ
޷Ǵӻִ˸һȥԷ˴£ٳ̱ˡ
ԴףҲϡڣǺúܣ壬ȥݺ󣬸͵飬ֻǸһ䣬һ飬һԼΣżг䣬ۡ
ӡ⡭岻ɻʵʲôѽ
֪ƨ¡ٳתߡ
ùŹ֣ȴ벻Եɣֻ϶ڶԼس֮ˣҲ׮£Բδš
ֻЩ˵˻˵Щһʮʮ٣ܿݶ˵ˣ֮¡
ɣ䭷Ҷ֮ʱʱݴϢһŴ£ְͰ͵ȥͬҶ˵
ԭҲ˽޷ǣֻңֳŸ˾ŮӣȥϹôһʵ˾úܣ˭֪Ÿ˵꣬㿴ң߳
ɣֻ޲Ҹطȥ
ʱħѹȥһ£ң壬Ҳ𽥿ĪѲָ㣬´ͨ磬ɫԽתҲܹ´߶
˭֪һűֲ顣
ǡɣЦЦ㡭ʲôˣ
ˡң۵ͦˣ
۹ô𣿡ɣ˵񲻶ԣæһڣҾһҲһ˵㡭û°ɣ
㣬ͬѾûϵˡң˵꣬ת߿
ңҶȻڣס
ôˣңͷʵ
ܰ±ӣйĺáҶ
û¡ң˵꣬һ˼˻Ҷʵˣǰ˵˸ҩ֪˭ȵң
֪ҶּŤŤǿּ
±˷𣿡ң˵꣬ɣȥһԣӹ﷭һͰ͵żݸ˹ǽչֻϱߵīģ
ձ꣬û㲻ˡɣ˵
Ȼҩ廹šң˵꣬תһ룬ҡҡͷԣƽ£Ϊβҡ
Ҷһüң㿴
벻ףԺ˵ɡңż㶪ɣת
ҶɣʶһֻۣıӰ˵į
ع֮⣬ɽͲԶ
紵ɽҰҲͣסҲס
ǧ֮⣬ҰһϮִȣŽһȥ
ͷۿն񣬽Ӳڣ·ûꡣ
㣬ġһǰߣһ氲οҲùⲡ˼±ָˡʱķӻšһǱڰ̫ãͻȻ⣬ӦŻˣܿͻõġ
üͷҲ˹
ǰͷҵɻǰˡ˵Ϊǰץȥ裬޸ҵûףűϳѴҶɽ
ʲô岻ףúͿôˣ
ҡͷҲ̫Щ£Ҳ˵ֻ̫࣬˵Ǳ°ȥۡ
ǰϳǸʲô㻹ŭǱǿ°ܹһؿ࣬ҪΪ˵Ĵ£ٱǳá裿ôû
⸱סһ٣ðŻعǰȥæ͵û˭֪ҲδȥѰֻǡ֪ôƺǸˣﱻϳʱѾУ̫ʧˣԲš
ʲôü
˫ĿʧƲֻٵ۽ǣʹæҵɿ֣һ̫󣬲ϵȥ
񣬸æͻɽе·Ͳƽһͨ˶ûվȣһˤȥӦ죬ðӵס˽Դ󵹵ء
֪ʲôҺҽЬֱӿʯʶ§סĲӣһͷͷҲײɢͷɢ
æ§ϸˡ
һˬƽﶼӢ˲ģӲʾ۾ä˫ͫ޹⣬ɢ˿ҵشڼͷ̬ԣ֮״۲ѡ
ھǷһ˵ţǷɬôˡҲֻôɵ׸
ôô˵Լӵ뻳ô׸ֻԼʲôҲûУʦ书Ҷ
˵޷ǡұѺʱ˵ɫȥ˳Ѧ񣬻ɱңµǼ٣
ҡֻ˵
ǲģս֣׷ʵ
С֮ԣܺǧΪ
ʹļףʶʮ꣬δˣôܡ
ԭϢģ˹ȥƲѣæᱧһһȥ
Žصԭڴ˾סСԺδ飬ľ˻ңȵȫɨɾҹ뵽δʳȥժЩ߹ֲ÷˶˻طУȴƼ֪ʱѾڴϷ
㡭
𣿡
Ѿˡߵߣ˷ڲԶСϣӣСĴ̶޵øɸɾŶ˵ߣһһι¡
ľؾ׽ŷˣ˵˵ҵ۾κ𣿡
ܣ϶ܡͷһұȥҷӣңһܰκõģ
ǺáҸ⣬ǡԺҲˡﷺ⡣
˵ʲôɫңǡ
ҪȥɱʦĶҪҲҪһµ
㡭
һЩ꣬ҲǷǷǵĵҲѧ׸ƣ档ҧгݣûʽȥķҲ©˳
Ҳҡͷǰ⽻ң˵һҪչ˺㣬ôܡ
ҴӦ㣬ķٻ㡣

Ѿҡᶨ

ԣ
˵ûɣֻѶ


322 . 
ĺ, ³ˡ
ңѳ׸ԭЩӵľĵӹǷǵʤǰֻ϶һ˰, Ŀ
ŵտɽ, ϪȻŵĺ÷, ЩȻȴóγ
ңε, ʹеһʽ
⵴Ϫ棬һ
ҡҡͷ, Ϣ, ʹһͬʽ
һΣϪˮˮƽ, ûκβ
ңһ, ߵһ˸ߵʯ, ٵȥʯܴ˴ѳĿⷭ, кõİ˱
ɣӸҶ, ߵȿڣһĻɵŴ졣
Ҷ˸ơ
ңٴλصϪߣһն
ϪССĲˡ
ң¶΢Ц, ǡһʽ, ն
Ϫˮըˮ, һ˶ߡ
ҵĹԹԡɣ䭺ŷ
һ뵽ԼŮ˽, , , 漴յҶ, Сʵǳɣ
ҲɡҶؾţҲ
ңٴλӵ
̶Ϫˮ߽࣬ڿбѿϸˮž졣
һĻ¶Ц
֪ĵԻ
飬֮޹ذޣԸΪ
֪һȻ˴˾ңȴܶŮ鳤ʼٵйϣֱϾ
̤Ϫ渡ʯݶ䣬һʹʽ
һʱ֮䣬תɽʯݱϪˮϽӿ
һƿգʯ쾪
֮ɣһԶ̲ټ
Ǹ˭ǲŮˡ
ôˣң濴һܿķ򣬳Ҷʵ
𡣡Ҷ
ңҡͷһЦߵϪ¡
ӦǸԭˣҶɽ˺ü£Ҫȥߣ
ٹ죬Ԫ˰ɣңգһ㱣ȥ

ɽңݸ
ɽɵӣҶΪ졣
ңͷʦţͬûʲôϵ
ѹ֡Ҷһͷ˼
ʲôѹ֣ң
ѹ֡˼͡Ҷ΢Ц
ңɫʱܿĿ⣬ЦʵԭɽʱҲᾭôЩ¡ΪЩɳЩѧôء
ѹҶӽ󣬲˺㡣
ңݸ˵ͷΣлл㡣
صлҶǰࡣЩǻġ˵꣬㼴߿
ң̧ıӰиһ˿ɻ󣬳ĬƬ̺վǰʵԪϦҪˡȥƻᣬһ𣿡
ҶԣŲ΢΢һͣΣŻͷһЦá
³򣬴ŻϢ
˶ңҲδţϵóֵһɣֻ֡
ģʹǰ޶Ծ˵Ц·δЩʹ֮¡ҶԣипѣһǼŮӣ䣬Ҳδ¶㲨
СѡˮƯңƼЩӵںӱ߷ŵƵŮŮɫȻһ㱡
ʱҲڹǰطµƻ𣬷ԸҪһһͷ
һ깦򣬱ƹǧءȥԣͬˮ粻֪ʱɢһ˿ۼ
ɽ֮ý֮ģԭֻ˵˵ѡ
۲һĵһ˿״ĸܣȴǱʹҲǸˡ
·ɽʱûججææµµһ֪ʲôźСʳ֮ζ֮ϧǡץסġ
ͷһģŤͷһҶ΢Цݡ
㿴ǶҶָԶĵС
ĵУԱ߻и̯ӣֽÿ֮ˣԼдڵϣʮ˶²һյƴߡ
ң¶΢Ц̤Ĳǰһյһյ˵⡣
һı仯һδġңͷֽ棬һ̯ʵܽػ
µ׼ָ̯һյʵٿ
֦ˣмһ·ң棬Ц⽩Ƭ̡
һҶµյǸǡ֣ȡֱߵһյݸ
ˡңɿߵ̯ǰñֽд֣ǧ˿Ƴɽᣬá
Сд֣ͷ˼ãʲô
²¿ңһЦ
ҶĬ𰸣ȴδ˵ڡ
Ե֮һֶԣΣö֪
⣬ΪܹƵ᣿⣬Ϊ޷׿
չȥ˲£ʮˣ˲³𰸡СҲճŵңһѡơ
㡢ͷܽأЩʵʽӦоСң߹ܽصԣʶ٣ȴȻס
Ż𣬻ѻ٣Ѷϡ
֮֮͸Ļ̴ľȴȡ£ķʽĿڡ
ܽػҲһ䣬Ҳûж塣
ѡһյУȥҶ˼вæӿ첽ȥ
˻û߳ᵽһŨķҷŤͷһŷǸӡ
Ϧ֣ƹΪ⣬̯Ӱڵ⣬ɫ֬ĿӦоС
ңǰ˿Ƽһֻ״֬÷⾫££Ȼһңȴһ㶡
ǮûһһԼġ
⵽ĳǧļҵǷǮ
ȥˡңԸЩӵ⣬Է֬ﳤȥ
ԪҹСڣǡ
ΨоڣһƬš
ٳȥ˵С޷ԾɿУϰס
裬յԣƳһϵͼҡҡͷ̫ˣϰ֮࣬ѧ⣬ĥˡ
㷽֮ٷŽУǿ˽͵գøۡ޷䲻
أ಻ƵϸһһֲЦֻܶлʴȣͬҼƽϡ
ʴȣڵ⵱ڣҪС޷û̧ͷԸͣӣǮȲ衣
˭ݳֻôɵӣֻǮ£Ц㣬ԣ鲻ͬ״ĸ㣬ţţȻüϲիĳӻƭأͬĺ춹⣬ɲͬģȻһˮζˡ
޷ǲ̧ͷһۣеʯ𣬺ǰɽʱң֮ۿٿط죬æͷȥ
ʵǮҲģɣ룬ϻغ˵黭һҲͨһҽ㣬Ǯ
ðǾͽ̻ɡ޷ڵ
뻭ʲôʵ
ˡ
еŮģ
û֮񱣬˸ʲô޷ǵ
ҵ졭ڿվ𣬾˵ȻϲŮˣ
ʲô˼޷̧ƳһۣΪ⡣
֪Ľʲôŵӣǰ첲һѣжûôĹ֪ģΪԭڹﵱء
޷ǰһۣû˵
ѽڤã˵㳤Ҳģ书ֺã˲ǻ˵ʲôʲôʲôģ֮ǺͷƤӻô㻹׷ϵĹﰡ
޷Ǳ˵Ĵҧļһӿ̣Ѫ졣
Σ򶨣ʵ˵ûУ
˵Ͳ˵ˣһתʵеǡ֮ŵ⣬½ǣ˵񡣡ǣ½̽΢ٴϲ˭Ļ
޷һ㶣ãȻҡͷ
λʥֵ֣һϤ
ʲô˵ڣǻƨ
Ҳ𣿡޷ǳ˼Ƭ̣Ǽ򵥵ܸÿ԰ɣ
㶡ʷʱٽĽֵ̻֮¶ϲɫתȥ̽ӿ̻
޷ҡͷһЦǷɬһңػϿ̻龰ֳ鴤
ԪҹڣϵɽĽˣҲܴԶƳһ̻Ӱӡ
㣬֣ǲԾЦ⣬⼸ո󣬿ɻﲻӦ᲻ῴ嶫
ᣬһ֣Զ̻𣬳п㣬Ȼһ治֪ץϹӸôȥ
Ҷġǰʶ쿪ʼұûҪ뿪㡭
ʲô⻰Ťͷ
ӳ˴ˣɽмžȤҹһɫʡ
˵нȥܿĿ⣬ȴȻ뵽£ȥм㿴
ʲô
ҩʱ򣬲ȶһصذ壬߷ֵģһ񡣡ڣӹ﷭һᣬݸҩǷһģʲôɡֻǻϵˣǡ
һĻһչȴڿ˵һ˲ס
ǡǡ֪ʲôˣ


323 . ж
Ӣۻھٰ, ȴ뽭ɵĺʿĽˡ
̩ɽϣͷܶ, ֡
޷ǻڽ, Щ֪һų, ɫľȻ
Ӣۻᣬʮ, ѷǡһչɵľˣ, ¼, Ѧĥͬʬ, 
һƾŸ߳ʤĻӮñԺ, ˷ϯ, һڳʿһһ֣հĿ޷褶ϡ
ʤ, ž, ϱ˫֮л𣬵ɷǷ
ʤ졣ֺð˶ʤ, һû, һԵٳٲȶ˿, ǻֵ, ҿҲý֮, ˰ɣͬͲ, Ҳ, ԼǲҲӢۻ׬ͷ
˵ֱӣĳ֪˵ʲôˡʤͷһģ
㻹ᣬ·ܳؼڳͷҡҡͷһ޵̾Ϣ
Բӣʤȵϰ֮˵Զο񽭺֮Уϱ˫øʢܵöλָ̣Ҳ̩ɽ֮С
޷⻰ӹһ˿ײЦȴ˵ֻһտĳָָ
ʤģ㲻ʮֳڣȴǷ緢ˬʣվڿյϣȴһ⡣
޷ǣͣüۼ䲻֪ʱһĨаԣҲǸ൨ģһǰꡣ
ʤνʣвأһХ졣
޷ǿһĽǸһ˿ζЦ٣ﱡۡĵ
ֻ֪жԣ޸֡ʤƽչ΢΢бһн
޷ǻὣԽ֮
ʤȳУѸ硣
ȴǿ첻޷ǡܼĹƣҲХ½֯͵֮ƣڳ˿ۻң׷׹ƺȲʡ
Ψкһˣüͷԡ
ʤ콣費Ͼʮ֣ͣʮ˵á
ԣϳҲηҪʤ޷ֻȴ޹ƣҡͷţδҲ̫ˡҪôãǲҷ
޷ԣƿڣ˵ڵĻɾղȥˡ԰գֵ׽ƶתضһ˿ζѽʤ·
΢΢ҡͷսֱ£ʤ󣬷ꡱһ졣
ʤ¶һʹ֮ɫסֹǶѴ˿гӦء
յһԽЩĹսߣڶ׷¶һ졣
ٳ壬
Ȼʤ۵ɫ࣬ȴǿЦ⣬ұ˵ôüδĸ֡׻ʢðˡ
޷һԲֻҡҡͷʼյĮ
ޡٳҧ
ʤάŽӲЦݣʰڵϵĳһһģԶ
޷ûж࿴һ˵ıӰʣתصϯ䡣
ȴڴʱ褵ĻæϽ磬һȻͬ졣ĳҲ̡
޷ԣŲ΢΢һ͡
ҵʡ£һֱûлһս˵꣬ǰһ֪ſɷ¼ʶʶ
ô¡ͷɽңдʵѳμǳӢۻᣬҲûȽѦׯҲ˵һҪ˶úñһôҿ졣˵Ҳڣλ˶ڴ˴Ȼд飬λ³дд裬Щƥ򿪸۽磬˭ʤһ
Ѧһ褣ƳҲ£㼴ת޷ǣ޷ǣΣ
ð޷ɫ춯ü΢Цаʢ
ԡٳֻθȥһԡ
úúáѦЦһãд衣Ī˵ûϷҶûҲ֪ϱ˫˭ʤһ
褲ɫὣǰ
ٳӶؿ޷ǵıӰƺ޲ҧһһ˵ӿɵúúñȣʲôñ¶ʹ˿Ц
һףĴָƽȡγʡ޷ȴ˿δХС
ȽţĽأ㶵
𣿡޷ǺὣأХɻС
⡭Բ֮֮ͷɴۣǼƽ֣Ҳǡ
ˡ޷ǵ
۵׻棬¶̰ס
ⲻһ̬֮漤ŭ褡
֪Լϰ٣ˡ
Ϊһ֮˽ѹʼ۾ء
褻ҡͷˣֱ̳ͦ
޷̧ܹܹʸ񿪱ηâһء
˿ۻң׷׹ƺȲʣã
޷Ƴһ褡
һ֮վǰģʼնǸغƵ깫ӡЮһȡ
޷ǻ̧ббݳһĽǶȳȥ̤ѩҰ
ѽȣ㽣ʽŲҲδ¶鸡̬֮Ծɴжȡཻ÷죬ɳ裬ĵö
ʮأϱ˫ھһȴ㳡¡У˾Ƿ⣬·ӢܶѹȴֻڳеĶ֪
ģǸԲ˴ˣΪǰʧԣͳġ
ˡ޷ǻᣬĿٿȻְνʹһǡɽЯɳʯһն
бδХ½ѱ֮⡣һ̧ۣ޷һЦľаԡ
ٳٲ䣬Ҳó˭˭ͣ˭ʤ㣬ʱһĪʧ
Ͻ磬Ȼ鴫ͷ뿮̾˽֮ƣˮѸ֮
ҿȻɫֻƽҡͷĳҼʹݣľ֮硣
˵ţĿֱ޷ǣɫ˵ŵĽɱаԡ˽ƫ棬ȥǻ߻ħ
޷ǲΪƵһЦȴݡ
֮ᣬֱָìͷһѪ
ʧϣĻҵûԼĻú⽣
ﻹҷ緶Ļ𡰾硱֮
Ѧɫ죬ڣȴһʵŮɽڼ죺⻰˵áʧ˱ģħͷһʲô罣
˭ŤͷȴɽҴķ϶һ˹
ͫ׼һ
¡ὣָ𣬵ɱҸףţҪȡ
д£˵Ȼ
԰¥ͳ˵Ļ֤ݣ̱š
Ů˷ˣǽ¥λڶӡ治ɫ
ӳԾɫֳϸȫȨֻһˣֶŽ˭˭Ӯδ֪
ӢۻֻӮȹὣָ𣬵վһȣ
ǷˣνҪǿһʤҲûС
ǿɲһһڣϡ
Ȼãʱνӭתɳ
žɳʯƽߣһſŻڶСȣǳǳĻɫӡǡ
ĻߺޣΪɱУ˿顣Ȼڹѽȡڿʵʵޣȵù
ԼĪʮУһὣƣ̧һߡ
صأ͵ŻһѪ
ɫ糣ὣĴȥ޷Ǽ״ü΢΢һ跨ˣȴѦˣ빫ӡ
겻ѣһʱ֮䣬
޷ﳤ˿
빫ӣش֮УЩᡣлԺúģؼŶ֡Ѧǰȴ㿪
޷һ˼ǰ֡
飬˫֧ŵ棬Լİ벽վȣֱ޷˫Ŀϣʵɱ
޷Ǵ΢һĨаЦһס
빫ӡѦ¥ŮϾˣᣬҲˡ԰գ˱Ƶݸʾǰ
װЦȻδ̬󣬻ǲ鲻Ըžյߵǰ
յֱˤڵϡ

ԣ
٣ﱡԡׯӡ¡ жԣ޸֡ ҹӦöһд̰ӡôʣʤҲָģеظΪǵİֳ


324 . ֪
ھɱ, һᱨ𡣡Ц
˵أԭҲûҪȥ
׻Υ˶ĳŵΰּľ, Լǰ, ܳɹĳ
ҳǾ, ϵĲǱˣ֪Ҳ˵, ĸףԭǴɽӳʥŮŶ˻, ԴΪ
ʥŮ֮һðͷ, ؽ⵽ԡԼֺγѦжο, Ѿ
˲, ɥ, ױѣĿȫǡܹȡԼӵеһ, ʲô壿
һӶز, ΨΨŵŵʹʹһ˵Ļ˵
ַʲô裿޷˽⽭һ, , ȴƿ
, Ҫ˵, ὣֱָ, , ˭ųΣ˭߽, ҵҵλ˭ڱһУЩ
޷΢΢ü뽭Ƿˡ
˵ʵһɥ֮ȮĻмţһ¶ĿģѦ֪ԡ¼ҹˣ̫ܲܿ˵
һ㣬ּ̧Ѧɱ¶ǰὣŵĽơ
ȻˡЦŤͷҲʲôö
ʦ㣬㲻ʧķɣ޷ЦЦô˾ҧ
ããЦתָ޷ǣôȥҲһϸߵ͡лᣬһ뿴ǲıײϣǲҲʧҲԼ
޷ǹü˼֮״ãװȻģͶȥ֮ɫҪô˵ĻһһСʱʦǲϲԼұ䣬δӮˣʹǲң
˵ʲôŭ
޷չգЦʮαʤˣǲҲǲ㣿
ˣͷ㡣ҧ
Ҫʲô޷Цֹѵңһܻزɣ
㲻ܣҡͷɫȻ¶һʬףµһ㡣
һ仰޷ϵЦ˲̡
ڻǳζ
ǻںƾճһ̵ֻ棬Ѫ䶯ĪʹУϸ΢ܼ
ҪǿŲġ
ȻʦҪȣǾͱȰɡ޷˵ţ̰γХ£ָ
ԣ鵭Į
ƴһĻһ㶡
˭֪ͬţﺮϥ½еӡ
Խʧ֮󣬱δֹ˶¾ѡŶͬһţЭؽɵأȴϱȴô϶
Ⱥ󣬺ĬĬüͷ
Դ褣޷Ҵһ˿ƣֱһ̲ŰνʡڴСһ𳤴ʦ㣬˾
ο֪ȣ֮
âХڤգҲ
ǰҶգ÷ֶ໻ӳ죬´䣬תͶаʹѣȴûκηӡ
֪бҲӲҪˣѻʯ
Թ˵Ⱦ۴սҲ㲻˵˭ó޷нƣʽʽɱ⡣еĲ²⣬ǱŮӴѹãз˾ãĺ֮Ϊ·ϣԵԵɶϾ
ս޼ˣɫȴԽԽ
˰ͷ£ʡ
˶飬ȴңֵһɢ
زʶȴԸ߲嵶ӡ
˵٣۽ͬʦܶˣȴߵ㣬ǵöһľء
޷Уеء
һֱָüģȥ޻ڡ
һ˫۵ףɱ⡣
ˡѦȻڡ
Х¹ӰٿȻֹʱ˿̡ȻƽüƤһѪ˳űС
޾壬ȴ޾ʧ
޷ȴƶԴ˺⣬ջؽƣ֣ȴЦ÷ͻ

޷ǵһЦջءһ̾¶ֻ¡
֮࣬˭ˣ
ѦǰԽһֵѦĳ¥Ź䣬̡ǽﲻѦĳԸ㣬ض֮λ
㣿Цһ¸ʲ𡣡
޷⻰²ԾһѺ
Ѧ˵úѽɽˣʵȴǽ
ܵЩֻ޲úƴһֳʤһ˰ˡҹװϨ˯źԼڵǰţȴ⴫졣
㶣һƼվ⡣
ˣǿˡ̾˿Ͻ߰ɡ
㡭㶣ս彣ô£
·ͬ˵褹˲Ů֮һĸ첲קţûܳԶñ޷ǵ߷ˣ·϶ˣǻȥ
󾪻ͷҲֱӰνʣָ޷ǣΡ
޷ǲԣֻǿ˿褣о֮ɫȥһԭװġ
˵ʲô¶䱸
޷ָָһСǱ·ֱͨɽ£Ѧû֣Ͻߡ
ɵۣ˿ֿ˿褣ϴ󾢲˼ת޷ǣȻҪߣ
Ҫ㣬õͬ˵Щϻ𣿡
һǡң
û£Ҳϻˣ߰ɡ޷ۼһѲ֮ҪǰӲǽקȥСǰҪ㣬ʦҲܷŹҡʲôˣϽߣ˵ţڶһѣҪת뿪
̲סͷ㡭
ȱлң޷ͷҲصýͷ£ʱԹ߾С
԰գȻݶȥ
Ũīҹʪһ㣬ʵ£οһССȱڡ
һҹ֮䣬褣ͬͬʱʧ٣Ѧ֮ɫˡ
ӢۻЩйǣֲǰ¶
޷İŮŲæЩ飬ɵд뿪׷٣ɽϵ
̩ɽӢۻᣬ޷롣ʢ罣˵µһܳҡ
˵˷衢Ŀˣһ书պҲȻ·ҽ
ѵȻ޴档Ȼ˹˶ȥΨϵģǸƫ棬в̤Сħͷˡ
޷ǲߣٳȻҲ߲ˡ˶Ը⹲һң죬ÿһִĽڣֵ췭ظˤŶߡ
ԡ·ޡȻǳìܲϡЩѦӣ˭ҲԸ࿴ɫԶԶġΨһһԷ̯ͬϵĲͷ˭ռű˭ϳǸֻ˯ƫݣĵ˯Ҳ˯̤ʵ
ڽ죬ռԷٳ٣˭Ҳ˭޲ðݡ̫ɽͷԺ۲Ϊá
ҹɫ罹ī޷ǶԺȵ˶ɢȥվתɽƧһҶһˣ
޷ǰʺĹط˺ü죬϶һɳС
Ҫɱɱ⼸Цɱң
㻹룬޷Цֻǰ̫࣬ûôϻˡ
ͬҲгԹЦ㲻ҲѦߵһ𣿡
޷Ǵɫ

ʲô޷Ǻֶסֱ˫ĿһһʣΪħϣ϶˿ڣ
ȻûɫĪǡĪǸŮ˻û
˵޷˫죬ʧ˻
ԭˡԭˡЦȻɫֱ裬ҵȻҲҪǧ̤
ˣ޷һȭڵأѪ˿ݺᣬͨһƬ
뵽֮£Цï}ˣԭľ罣̰Ů鳤ұΣ
֪͵ҲԽݣǵˣҲзݲ롣Ҳ޹ֺߵɫɲͣĵģǧģղܡ
Դģ޷Ѫֱͷһȭֱ򢣬ͷ
Ƕѣٲԡ
Ũҹɫ£˵ƺһԽ˥ֱ
޷߳ҶʱֶֻѪһε䡣
һȭֱ߹ǣ顣һ̣ȴ˫ϥһعڵأѪԽеİ̿֡
˭ЩʲôĹ£ǴӺʱʼѵȻ޴棿

ԣ
˵٣۽ͬԶŸͽС٣۽αͬ


325 . ӵն˿
ҹ, ɽɰɫϸ֦ܵҲݴĵͶ°߲谵ĹӰ, ͬһž, ųɽͷ
޷վ, ûһ˿Ѫɫ˴ӰڵһҲ
ڳ, ޴վڹǸˣֻжӰ, ܴӻĵʵʱ, ͵͵Ϣ
ڻްҹﲻ֪վ˶ãȻһڽ, 
Ϥ, İ򵥵߸, ߵ⣬սڰ, ȴȻһ, ݺѡ
޷еڲֳȴֲһ·ʱ顣
ľȻתǰǸվ¹, òŮӡ´īɫ, Ҳϼ⡣
ң, ˡֻ˫ﲻа, ֻвмһ, Ӹ¿, ڿһСˡ
ǡʿ, Ŀ࿴֦ϼգײˣң£ЦϷʣ񫣬Ϊʱ֮Ӣۻ϶ͬʦʹɱ֡治֪ҵôϹۣῴôòȻ֪ܵĶ
Ļ˵һ֣Ȼ£Цʾȡ֮һּİ˲Ĺ⡣
ˣ޷һĨЦһ޳ܼթСˡ
ңʲô¶ڡң䣬ѽа룬ҪңҾȥšΪұҪɱ㡣԰գ׳񳾣յȻӰӳ¹⣬֮ˮк£ббһ
ӿڰҹɫԽ޷һǽ£÷顣
޷̧֣ŵڵۡ
֣ѾˣѿɻΪУնΡ
Ķ֣
޷°ٸнհĿһĻȻ
ʹ̨ףͨ;µ·ȫȨ
ŹӲд񣬼ȻӲһȫ
ңһʧ̬֮ЦɣŵڻҪװأʲôֵù˫գ檣ҾǸ޷ֵСŮأֵ˷ļ᣿
֮䣬̬֮ԣе̸÷飬ɢĵףʹԸӡ
޷Ǻ𣬸ڷﻹиٳ١
ѦߣǲӲŴһսƱֵˡң޵УԼƴȫҲƲĶ֣Ȼ˲ֺ
޷һХ£ָң
ӢۻϣŶռͷ⡣Ҳ뿴µһľ罣жǿң԰գٿȻ𣬺ᵶƿն
һУնԡʽһһʽʹȫ͡
ÿһʽʽ֮һ֮ԣֱθ
㴦Ļƭɽ㳯Ϧ飬㲻²ɡ
һ޷ǽסɽһʽײס
塣һǧ塣
޷·ὣ񵲣һˮЩֶ
ҲʹƣҲҶػ䡣ң飬ȴ顣
޷ڶУһʱ֮䣬γϡȻǻԳȴ޼档
㱡壬ҡҵͬΪıң˫ֺյһȻ׹
޷Ǽ콣񵲣ȴ˺
ϡǰ˵Ȼ޴档Լ֮磬ңȫһն䣬̹ǣ˪
޷ػֻݲܣۼе⣬ԭվ֮󷽵һɣѿһ޴Ŀӡ
㳯ĺģ̰ɫףǰ֮оαװҵ飬ȴŪڹơϣģҵңԾ溮âľҲΪ֮ս
޷Ǵһ˱֮£δˣȴüкۡ
顣ʸˡЮԩǳ𣬽ָͬš׮׮ﲻңԣÿһֶ絶е⣬Ѻ϶Ϊһ޷һǣҲĥԷ
գ㾴һߣһһɡ͵⵶˶ϣңһһţ˵һ仰ᵶȻɨ
⣬ᣬһǡաƣӭסΣ¥쳹񷣬ӰȻֺ֮꣬ԡ⼤˿ƮӰһӡҲ޷۵ס
һһ飬Ҳ⵶䴦ǰջ飬ͨͨն顣
ң뵱ã
޷ǺؿʹһǵûڱѣҲˤ࣬ء
عŻһѪ̧ۣͷʹ
һᴩΡ
ʲôˣڣٳٻ壬űߣ͸϶⿴ƼңӰŵ˿һ󲽣û
Ҳסɪźӹ
ô¡ٳٻɱѲɡѲǹǰ
㲻Ҫҡŵɫס
ǡٳٲ̽ͷңĪĵУԽ壬书Ȼôߡ
ţⱾҲû߰ԺУң΢бһᴩ޷£ԭľ罣Ҳˡ
޷泯죬ʹ
ңЦһмɫԽ治֪ӢۻϣЩʲôҷµһ֮䵽ͷϣ԰գεתȡ
ȣˮһܵһѣĻشغ
޷ҧأ
㻹ҵġңγбնǰһ潭㣬λֵĺָ
һȥƤⷭ𣬵ǼӿѪˮɲ
ӢۻϣΪʱ֮ͬţ壬һɶϡңսϣ֮ˣϡ
޷ǺطŹֵЦ
ѼѱЦֻԭر
޲Թȴ
׷صǰһһЦеĳĺĺִ֣Ҳ⡣
٣һ̣ǰ
ĲȾ
Ҳ㲻֮ʦ֮൨ġһǻ飬һˡ
У͵ٳƼһĻȻӦĸ첲ˣѦ񶨻ʻҲ˵ʵ顣ǡҲһ⾳
Ҫˣ㲻Ҳຣ𣿡岻
һǵĳ밡԰͸ܰ͸ˡٳٲסҡͷֻѦˣҵʧ˿ɽҲлᡭҪֹƵģƿ壬һſ񱼳ȥңң߾񳾣Ҫ޷ͷæߺһס֡ײײм䣬ſ˫ۣ޷Ǹǰ

ԣ
رϲӰ꡷һڣϸɱתһʽƣͱһתӦ˵ӰƪٰϸںݵɮѧЩʽڣͬһֺҲһӦľ飬͹Ǹϸ΢仯¾Ӱ ʾһ¿СǣΨһֹϵĶֻŮûİթƭ֮ûκγĹϵֶûǣп˵¶ǿάֵġ


326 . 
һ, ֵ޷ǲˡ
ôҲ벻Ǵ˳־οûа书Ǵĵ, һ˵ڶм䣿
ٳҲ޼Լ, ޼ĵͽ, Ҫؼʱ̣
㲻ɱٳƴҡͷ, ң˸, ͷ, һҲ˵ڡ
㲻Ǻ𣿡ң, ɨء㾹Ϊ飿
ǡǺӲûи, 𣿡ٳ޼ƿʩ, ֻܺ졣
ңΣؽס
Ĭ, һ˵ʲô
˵, 㲻ɱȻҡȻҸеĺӸô죿ٳǿ̶ģǿԼֱңҧ˵
ң, 㻺, ٳ, ǰ˵Ĺ⡣
޷Ҳԭ, Ҳ, Ҳǡ
ңݳ鴤, ðǿһ˿ŹֵЦӲͷ, Ŀƹٳ٣ڵϣһʧǵ޷ǡ
޷Ŀҿ
еĻֲ̿һۿҲ࣬Ѱ
ˣȻˣǱףԸϲùӡؼһ֣ǰƽƽơң˵꣬תȴֺȻͣ
ʣ̽ٳҸ£һߣļߵ޷Ǹǰ£۽ֲ̿еڿô£Ҳɱ㣬Ҳա
ĩˣֲһ䣺˲ǡݶףעլȥҲް԰գݲݶȥһĨī½ǣ̱ڵҹɫ
ٳټԶںǿٿиһ̱ڵأڴ
޷ĿЦαأ
ٳҧأһԲͬһһҽطݲҵһ֮࣬ȻŭһƳȥ
޷ǽ²ȣصڴأ̫أҵĿ
ؿңҲΪ㡣ٳҧгݡ
ˣ޷ҲûúɱѦ񡣡޷ɫţͬҡ
ٳһ㡭
û㡣޷ֱ˫Ŀƽ˵ʼգװס
˵ʲôٳȻ
޷֣תǰСָһ˰̣콫㰴ǽжӻҵ֡ҽΣѪ㽦ϡ
㡭˻棿ٳپ
һˮ档
ҳ֮ΣҲʹ֮Ի˵ЩĻҲֻΪΡҹأҲ˺㡣޷ȻĿȥ
⡭ٳٱͻྪ޴룬Σ̽ʵǡʧ٣㡭
޷һ֣۵ױ㸡ɱңΪǹҰΣðǰݡȴ侮ʯ裬˵ݽţͬңҡҡͷ
ǡٳ㶣ּʵǸʤ죬ʦ㡭
ʤ֣Ѧע⵽պΪӡ޷ǵڽ֪ѦһҴһ
԰գ̾ҡͷҪϷ㲻˿
ǡôΪ
ҲΪѦˣô㣿޷̾ңûнһ̽ҵ治֪ô
ٳ򣺡Ҳ˵ʵûɱǡ
޷Եͷ϶ĶԵòֻʲ
ˣٳʶҸղŻ˵ĺӣҲˡ֮ôǡ
Ҫˡ޷ǵ⸱ģѲ⡣
ô࣬ʵһֱûѦԣٳٴˮ̳šɣݵУң㣬Ҳ㡭ҲգߵһˣôҶ㡣
л
гһգͽ⣬Ҳ֤ٳٵ͵ǲǰ
޷һ㶣ųȥ
ʲô⸱ҷϵӣﻹءٳתȥһߣһԼ˿ԼܣҲռˣҲռҵġպһг䶨Ҫ㻹ɡ
á޷ǵͷʧѪ
Щ£߿æȥ
޷ĿǽзңǼʱ˵Ļƣ޷
һƶƲסӿһƬƬ꣬۽ǵл
ͬʱٳߵԺУϡڴͳѹֵĿ
̵̫ˡٳ˵꣬¡
Ƭ¹⣬

ԣ
ʾһµСǣΨһֹϵĶֻŮûİթƭ֮ûκγĹϵֶûǣп˵¶ǿάֵġ ٳ٣һ£ең뵽ɶɶ


327 . Ϻ
ĹȺ, С
ӿתתΨ첻
ңصɽȺ, ѻ, һֱԺƾơҶ״, Ҳʼԡ쵽ʱ, ף, λοտҲľƺ, շ£ȴԾŰֲš
Ҷ̲ס, ʵ׷£ȥɱˣ
ɱˡң
ΪΣҶ, 㲻ģ
ɱҡһʲôģңЦҡͷ, Ҵ潭㻹һ, ôʹ, ˭֪ȻͷЦﾡԳ֮ɫ
ľõģһ, ͻȻʹ
ңҶĿ, ⵽ǡ
Ϊ˸, ²ְңЦ, ɫԽԡ
Ҷ͵ס, ԡ
ңһԲ, һַ, ҿȴµľ̳ȫѿˣһʱʧ꣬Խį
Ҷã̾˿ʵ黳ģûɱٳٻĺӣ
ң⻰͵ط׹ʹһ̧ͷȥ۵ײ֪ʱݺѪ˿
ʧԡҶ߿̳ƣǰ
ңüĽž̳·ʽ֯һһŻ𣬼ǻ˺ѡ
ڰ಻סվƺ¡
һٶƺסҶһ㶣̧ͷֱֱſڣȴʲôҲ˵
ʲôңָԶǹݳǵķλʹ޾ݣҶһ¡
仰Ϲȥе£Ǿɵɵ
ҶԶԡ
ңԼĦŭⲻҪˡˣܲĴ룬µĿҶˡϹȥ֣ҲԹȣôܱ
˶٣߬ȭű壬ΪΪͬϷ
˵⻰ԾߣδȫȻ㷢һּǸǧζΪ
ҶͷȻ֪νĻ
ֻΪʲôңˤ¾յ޺˵Ҫǳ޸ĸĿ࣬ҲŲᡭ
˴ͷƱסҲ˵֡
㡭ûһ£ҶȻʵ
£ңŤͷʵ
ˣҪǵɱҲͰˡҶ֪㻹šϢͲ´Ѧ𣿡
ңü΢ԭţɱԺֱӰٳٰ㲻©ѦֻΪǾѰȴ֪˭
ԡ
ȥһξˡңĨȥǲоƣõ뿪ȴзһģɫٿһ䣬Ż
ôˣҶɫ䣬æǰ
Ҿһ뵽úöġңвϻιǰ޷ʱֻ棬һ룬Ż
ҶĿ𽥴ͣòǡ
ʲôңɻȥ
Ҷڽɣ䭣Ťͷʵʦأ
˵⼸羰áȥ漸졣ɣ㶵ôˣ
ʲô羰ûѩҶշ
Щʲôһ˵ң֣񳾱תš
м֣Ⱥ£ֺͯ׷Ϸһ֮
޷һصݣյ۽ɽׯţ˵ҪȥݣѰһλˡѦҪ˭ˣӦ˴ǰȥٳҲһС
ǰֵùϵӣѴһ£Ҳ¶̬֮һ·УʱԾϷֲݣ˻գǴ֡
޷ֱˤŶȥһϽͷ
Ѧ֪µ飬һֻǴ˵һҽ괺ľ¥гᣬһֱĩȥ˴Щ
괺ֵ˼ѽڣ˲ٵĻ輧ݣϯۿģҲЩСɧͻ̼֡
޷һ˼ţеִ١ǰӲֳ黨ǲݣȴҲ˲ʡ
峣֮ģӲ档ԭ֮ĳϣ⣬Щ棬跨ҲӦ硣
ȣӪ̬֮һ˺ٱĿ˿ªαԱų޲Զա
ûţ̸Ӧԣ
ʣʲôأ絤ģҲ׻ٶ飬кϣ
ٰرЩŮӽӴĿԽԶȴȻվڶ¥ȼһλŮϡ
ŮɴŨױĨ׾⣬һ֯ű໨Ƶɫȹβҡܶǻۡ
޷ϵ˫ۣǿѪ֮УһҲ֪ģ֪ȡԼǹʹ֮ȥ
˶¥ȣȴҲӰ
ʷ̨ϸ輧®УУ֮
֮ҲձȢҿ_߼ˡҲ룬˹𡭡
޷ǻһ˲Լۣ̻̱¥ݣ뿪еĴãխȥԺȴСͻȻһƣǽϡ

ԣ
®˺ðҵƴ¡
ɥȢ򽫾ˣ飬ǵԩҹ˿ߣҲȽӦ
ǽ˹ֹǻʹ Ůû


328 . ǧ˿Ƴɽ
㣿޷°ϲ, ȴұ¶ֺ
Ȼûϴ
ǸǣƵŮӣһʢװ磬ʱ˿, еվǰֻ, ֻж, һסжһذ, 
𣿡ңɨһΧ, أ
仰޷бѹ, ˵Ҳ᲻񣬡㿴ˣ
, ң, , Ųɱ㣿
޷ǵͷȴԽԼЦȻšҪɱ, һ򲻴к
ңһȭС, ּݣֱʹȥ
޷ǻֻ֮λ, Ȼһ̧ͷ, ȴңذ, סŻ
зɿιһ², ס, ЩΪϷϵĹЦȻȥ, תΪǵصĻ̿뵣ǣôˣ
ûô, ǿöġң˵꣬ǸŻֹ
޷ʶֲȴ˦ײʯǽͷңǽŻ֮״˰ΣǻǿĺȻ㡭òǡ
ٷϻңٴνذ׼ͬʱϥСһײ
޷ǳʹߵĻҲ˻ȥ
Ϊλᵽңذ༡ƤһϸѪڡ
Ѱˡ޷ʵʵ
»ˡңĿӹԶֺ֪Ȼذףݲɱȥ
޷Ͼ˼˫ϥһֱӵڵأֹֻʣңŻµĻ棬ȫȻϾ˼Ŀġ
ôˣ״Īǡ
޷˫ֱͷʹߵڵء
Ƭ֮ңںһˡ
Ԭ㲻ܽȥ
Ԭˮһͷһʱûϳǰ֮˭
ңɷ˵δŽɴ
ŮԬˮ첻ѣᵽһ޷
ǱĺáңҲŸ棬߲ƣǳ
Ǻ⣿Ԭˮѡ
ͱˣѦֽӦ֪ɣңʵ
ȻԬˮͷֻţʮЩӣһֱæҶôࡣ
޷ΪֺѦ伫ң˵⻰ʱƽ·˵Լ֮£ŮΪޣһͬ˻ݣҲ괺
˵ʲôԬˮ𾪲ѣǡ
֪ЩʲôңЦҡͷұɱһ·ٵѰһᡣԭҲ֪Ŀĺڣ֪˿¾鷳ġ
Ԭˮ΢΢ü˼
Ѧľӣ˰¥ţΪıɵСң룬ӦҲϵ
ԬˮһףΣһ̾
ԣ͵ûɡңǻ
ɴװ¥Ůӣ§Ԭˮĸ첲һС߳Զȥֱ˴ɿ֡
һȡԬˮңѣζɶסŲס⵽ôһ£ǰദΪִҲܺܿ컯⣬ȴΪҪ֣Ǿôˣ
Ԭʱնϵ𣿡ңʵ
ֻ˵Щţ˵ɱ޹˺ҶɽׯšԬˮֻҲΪСˣҲûЩ㲻ٴˡ
ѦΪңģذ˸ħᡯң˵ţָָԼĿڣΪֺѦ񣬲ϧԶ֣ҵķҪȡ
ǰҵ֤𣿡ԬˮһΪЩ£ﲻ϶æء
֤ݣ类ԪŮһѻˣңȻЦȴȻüͷ¶ڴĹ⣬СʵԬղſ˵Ҳ֤ݣǡܲҵʲô
ɾ˵ˡԬˮ˼
ҹУˮƻһ鲼С
޷Ƕһڽͷǹ⻪ȴԽе䡣
֪̫̫
صᣬҲ㣬ֱӱһ
һҹٳŽݣȵȣܾһ˿漴߽ģֻһͷˮôˣˣ
޷ɫȻðŻ̻̿ڣˡ
ֶˣٳüĶ˶
ǡ޷ľȻҡͷ
ǲ͵ˣٳٷµ̨ŤͷȻװȥҿɴ̹ˡҰȥͣ˵֮ʲôûйҲûĺӡ
޷Ǵ΢΢Ǽٵģġ
ʲôٳȻûӦȻƨһմӣһˣ
֪һʼúõģ֪ΪͻȻŻ޷ͷǣָ֣ſ뷢䣬Ϣ
ǡһʲôʱ򣿡ٳʵ
šǰɡ
ǲ࡭ٳٵͷʲô𣿡
޷ǵ鲻֪ǿЦ濿űǽ棬оʲô㣿ͷЩ¡һ̵ܹģ
ɲǼٵģҲڡ
Ҳ֪޷ʹ౧ͷҲ֪
˵˻ǡٳ̲סһţԼ£Լţʲôų򡣡ٳ˵̴꣬ƻת߳ȥ
޷ͬʬһ㣬Ȼϥڽһҹ˺ô˯˹ȥȵѣȺʹֹվ
ٳٳƼģһңȴֲòƣ˷ϴ齡
Ҫôõ书ҲøȡٳһӶҩ޷̵׳ȥ
㿴⸱ӣѦ˿ҪôͣԼˣңٳվָ·ԼҪߵģֵ˭ҿſأö࣡ö˶˵ģװһﱻʼ˵׼˺ӡŸ׸ʼնְֺ޵ˡ˼һûأ㵹ȿˡ
޷ԣҩһ鴤
ʧʲô⣬ûȱ첲ûȣ罣أµһ书ôߣ˭һţ˭֪ôҷϣٳԾʹֹҿǺӹ̫ˣһ඼ܲסûѡˣǺö˶վ˭һ
޷գĬ˺һһ仰Ҳ˵һڽҩУüͷҲûһ¡
ǰֻ·һѦһݣɱȥңͣࣻڶѡнЩ°ףѡûָ֮и·ѡٳٵҪǶͻԼ԰գֱˤŶ

ԣ
Ůɣ䭣㿴ˣ
Ů㿴ˣ
మնԽԽ


329 . ˭ζ
ңԬˮƽߺ, ǣȴǰӦҶʦͽ
һصŴĪѲҶʾʾ, ˰, һֵСӾ, û¡ȬãĴµ, ֶ̫࣬ƣ, вʡ
ǵ˵ʲôңһͷˮ
Ҷ˵, ȴĪѲƣСӵ㻳Уһֱ㷲, Ϊ޷ź˿
ңһ, ʵ, ֱ𣿡
ҲȫǣϹĪѲ縧븺, ȥץҩ, úõӣԼҲſģЩѾ޹صˡֻߺԼ·֪, ڿ, ֮, бӦ˵, 㼴˳ȥ
Ҷ뿪, üͷ, ֪Щʲô
ң˿, ָָţ⡭
ԲסҶˡҶæ˱ˮƵңǰּˣ
šңͷûҵᣬ鷳ˡ
м㡭
ңһס
ҪҲˡ
ᣬҲںѵһ֮ˣңյЦ˵Ҫģ˺ӣҲϡ
˼ġ㻹Ҷ첻ѡ
ΪβأңʵϣҳͬûκιϵҲò
ҶʱԶԡ
ɶȴ֪һԻѱǵӰ
һ䣬ǵӰȻһ˲㼴תһ·ݶݣصᣬݡ
޷Ѱ٣ٳһԵ󣬱跨ҵңڣ֪һжᣬźȻ
źǣҲûһ㹻˵ԼƵɣ֣Ȼģڲõš
ٳټɫ԰ףʵҵˣ
û£һᡣ޷ƽ
ⶼ᣿ٳһ㶣𣿡
޷ǿЦһָֺܿ糣
Ӵһĵף޲
һͷѦҲܿ쵽˻ݡ
ٳò֪¥ϴѦֲ֪˭֡ն񡱣ѳһǡ
˵ж񱨣ȴףΪѦˣ޲ĶΪң⣬δκαӦ
괺֮磬ֱĩѦҲûܵõҪĽ֪޷ʶԬˮȻỳɵϡ
ңΪԬˮᣬõһĺϢȻʥŮʥӤԱѼ߰˰ˣôң
ϲ֣ȼϣ
ջص룬ҶȻ㻹ǵúͿľһ͵Ƿ𣿡
ǵáңֶ˼ɻͻȻ£
һţһҩ׼ȷ֪ҵݵĿıΪ˾㡣Ҷ˭ЩϢͨΪβԼ֣
һɹ壬ϸ룬֪Щ£ûɲҡң˼
ɻʶö֮ˣ
ң˼Ƭ̣кһĨ⣺h
Ǻˣ
ͬ㡭Ӧʦˣң˼ǼԪ޵ŮСگϰ׹ƶصԭһֱסھ󡭡ղŵĻʲô˼
ɫ䣬ӿµĲ²⡣
Ǳ㲻ˡҶɫأ˵괺αԣĶ֣㣬һ£Ҫǧְ취ԺˣԴҲԳ㲡֮ʱ͵ϮοѦ˻ݣҲɳѲ׷
ò˵
ﲻϣǸû˴룿Ҷʵ
Ҿǲң۲һȥĬãڵҳ֮ǰۺʱҶûйκλɣʶ֮Ҷ˽⣬Ҳδй
˵ţѣĿϵ˰̣Ȼ˵֪壬ǲܲ˴ֻΪһ档ұҪѦȴѦҪЮ֡˴ôԴҵģ
ң泯죬ɫ㯣˵ֶƣ˵ѡῴǰҵĺãǼ٣ܲҪߣĿȫǣҪѧѦ޶Ƿǡ
Ҷҡͷ̾˿Ϊñ磬ǻعںá֪ôɵ㣬⵽ֻǵģһɱַһжᣬжڶʹҲ롭
ƭңٳأңͷֱ˫ĿԹҪϷٳôǿµŮִٰôΪƭȡѦαȥ˼ңǧɣҲ£
Ȼǽ黳
Ҿǽ黳ң߿ҾҷԴĺģʲô
Ҷȣǰοȴһƿ
Ҳ𡭡ҶҲȥȨ˰ɡ
ңᣬתˤŻطôţ
ҶҲǣȴֲ뿪ֻ⡣
ع֮ڣҹ⣬ңſԣ̨ϻƵĻ棬Խ㯡
ڵص䣬̣ᡣ·һ䣬ʱںܾǰɽš
ůڣɽˮ̣һЦů紺硣
ңۿʪĨһѣȴֱΪܻѬŲӣֱʽѹסȹڡ
ĮͷȹһᣬֻáһͷһȹȻ˺ѣʽѹŵһȦԾɿţһҲ
ңʶŲӣȴֱ̫Ӱѵײ˵ϡ
վԭأһֻͷѿȹڣˤĵӣЦ
ЦЦţ
õģһ̣ͻȻʼʹ
ҶһĶô£Ȼãû뵽ôڣֻȻȥ
ԽڣԼ˵Щǵ˼ɵ˵ڶ죬ңȴķš
Ҷ´齣ɿűߣš
Ҷ磬ңǰ˻Σɫ˵һҹ¿̲ݻȥ˰ɡѦִʱǣ˿ɾͶˡ
һҹҶԴǱסһ㣬˼쳣Σָָᣬʵһҹ
ţңͷȻأ
Ҷƿԡ
ʵ̫ˣȫû˵ף֪û£ѹĳϷ
ҲҶʣֻܴһУϵĵַȥѰˡ
˭֪˵طȴֻԺһ
ң󾪣æȥѯʣ֪⻧˼ϸ±ˡ뵽ϴ΢ѰʱĲ
ġҶ˵£йǣȴ԰ΪȣѦ񼴱֪ЩʲôжҲܰ˶ҵϵرô໧˼ңдʱ򡣡
һǶΣղ𣿡ңֽűҲ롭ôµˣô
룬ҶǨӣпܻԶߡ
ҲɣңѦѾ
ңҶֱ֣˫Ŀһһ
ңܿĿ⣺ѦǾֻǡ
ң˵֣Ҷ̲µ˭˰Σʵ֪ļƻ
֪ңδʱͬ
˱
Ǿ˻ˣûҼġң˵꣬ŲͻȻͣ£˼ã̧ͷҶ磬ȥ˹ݡ
Ҷԣ
ҵȷǺ棬ңԾ̾ɲŪܾﲻζ
ԼݽȥҶ
ңһס
سǽͷǺӧæңһ￥۳ǡ
ܿѧˮԻη壬׳ԡ
ѦͬԪ㵽ݣԼ޷ںͤơ
Ԫ㿴пͷۣȻЦϻſ˵һȻ缲
޷Ǵ΢ȴ˵
Ҽǵǰ꣬޷̫ˣȣʱӰ죿Ԫֵ
д£ѦüһȺˣ
Ů𣿡޷Цɫȫ쳣
Ԫ£Ѧһһ͡
˾֮ģ·˽֪
ŶҵˡԪٱҡͷһЦ
޷ҡͷһЦ˵
ʱٳȹڣ˽߾ٰƣ׼޷ǵȥ
޷Ǻܣ˳ֿ̧סţһƿɫ̱ʲô
ٳٱƵһģָ˵ҵĶȥֺ¥ݵĹó֧أĸŮ
ˡ޷˵꣬һüһḡ̬֮
˵ٳץǰľյ˳ȥ
޷ҲֻǺὣһյȽڽ⣬΢бʹ֮ؽ£жΣס΢΢棬ƣ£ʾһ㿴ٳ١
ٳҪ
޷ǲɫ󣬴һקٳһ
ͷԶΡѦһʼ磬Ųң˶λ£Ǹ԰գĿתٳ٣ֱ̱ϱߡ
Զڣһ˫۾˴˼ãƳһĻ󣬲ڰӰµһ˫֣߬ȭ
޷Ѧߺٳϵ̱ЩС˵߻ˣԼߣװЩ
ٳһҧԻȥߺб¾ͰЩζŪߣҲ˺ˣ
֪д⣿޷ü΢
޳ܣٳٺݺһš
˾͹ⳳ֣һ·ֵصСȷû˸ٺ޷Ǳ̷ſٳٵ֡
־󡣡ٳ´α¡
ǹ̽Ҳ֪Ϸ׾ӣ¶޷԰գ㼴ߵԣֱ̽úвˮ£㵹һ˫ֵݸٳ٣Ͽ˵Բסһ裬
ٳûӹˮһɣűвҶԳƵЦҲ֪ӾʱǸͷҪܽ¸ɾͺˡ
޷ҡͷЦ
ϷҪȫףٳٷ²յһҪ˶ңһȥһ֡»ؼǵö˵Ǯôһģɹ˭ģ
޷Ǵһ鴤ҸǮܰϧˡ
˭أٳѴ븱ҶԼŮˡ˵ҪǲҪǮ᲻ֶᷢߣ֪㶼װģ
޷⻰ºһüͷ


330 . ²
, ҹ
ңڳǴ¥ݶ³
裬ת, ӳ۵, ϪһϪ֮, һ˿Գ֮ɫ
ӹϣһӰ, ԣҶһ̴ɫ໨۱紵, ˿˿
㼸ʱģңޱ顣
һ, ͸ˡҶĿƽ
кβģңЦд࣬, û˶ҡ
Ҷ, ˼Ƭ, ԭͼдųɫֶһء, ̧, ⶯˶ֳȥһȻʵ֡ң, кرĺ壿
ǡЩϡŹֵĶԶһ, ûˡңЦǿ
ʲô, Ҷ׽۵ײ, , ǵ˲
Դп, 浽װʲôңһᵽ޷, ѹֲס۵ŭŭһ˿زסıܵ๵СŮһ㣬ʲԸ㶼αװôܹ¼
ô¹ȥҶƽ˵
Ҳ̫ԼˡңŭĿ֮ǰϵʱǲܻ𣿡
ԽߣԽ˵⡣ҶԾƽҪƵᡣ
ңƼ޷ǲһɣŻһ⻰Ẕ̇ݺҶһۣ㲻ϲΪְ˵
Ҷ΢΢ɫüչҲġ
ңŤͷǡӡ
Ȼɫӳ۵ףһĨâʶңطǰҶ˾֮
ͬĻͬºˣͬںڰȴִůһ˲ǰ˵§Ҷȥ
ҶۣʶҪ룬ȴֲһƷҷɲ
»˶Ȼѩңػػ꣬Ȼ֣һѽǰƿ
ҶƵһģһȻȴ˵
ңһ˲ִգգۣзɿѰԲߣȻһһĵϴϼɽġ
Ҷһ㶣һʱûܷӦ
˰ɣңҵ˿ѵɣɿԾ¥ܣһ·Զȥ벽Ҳͣ
¸ӰƮƮ
ҹ䡣СԺڣ޷ǶһˣǽԶ
һӰ£Ϣ
ңûӦᵶʼͷһơ޷תһۣʱĿ¶壬˿
ϻز˵ôһ¹ȥ˵ĶӻӣңЦʵ
޷⻰һ㶣һŷӦǣǰЩ˳ͻЩͬкιϵ
áңɫһǣ޹ңȥˡ԰գ쵶һն
޷ʱ˺󣬴Ƴصĵ⣬ͥʯһѺۣ۵׾㵽֯Ծ˸¡
˰ôң˸ֱָģտϻزͬĵ̣жС
޷ҧأȴۿƽֻˣʼղһ
ңΣʱˣȴδ˸е˿Ȼġ粽ǰɵѹɤв㵹Ǻţ߱һţλѦׯ˼һзӰɱҡžôϲ˵ͷĹӣ԰գһбٿظ֮ɫһſȥ
޷ǲֻܣһЩԵǱվӣȻ㵽ʲô
Ȼɱ㰡ңۺϷʣһ²书Ҳû׼һΣôǱأ
㷢ӷ裬ɱˣ޷ͷҭһ²ҲʲȥֲԾ߬ȭ΢΢Ĳ
ſǾ̫ͬˣӣ޷㺰ڣ㺰ңбѼ׺ⶸ˵⻰ѸٻʣתǰԺȥ
޷Ǽ״󾪣һʱ˲αװǰһֻס죬߳ͺȣ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ңپŭգҲ룬ػС˦ֱһǶ⣬Լסˡ
޷˺󣬷סգȻȥ
㵱ʲô֮֮ȥϷŪ𣿡ңҧε̶ֱͦģŵ⻮ƤһѪĿ䣬ֱ˫Ŀҧгݵ޷ǣҼסгһձҷ֣ΪаҷǵҪɱ㣬Ҫ֮ǰһƬƬúóı֮˵Ѫʲôζ԰գݲǽ⡣
޷ıӰʧҹɫУʹͷ亹һЩԵ˺󼸲ǿסΣȴԽе£ţȥײײܳԶ
СУЦﻶڶ
ǧ޹ء
޷ǷŰǽ̶۲һ¶һȦȦɢݣµĺҲ㣬ΣҲֹס
վԭأ˼ãӣԶȥ
ҹɫīӰʣݻƸɱ״ʯ̵ĻеƻصӰػأӿ뻨ȴûһƬܹĵײ
Ƽ֮棬ЦӭȹźֻѰģһϳӣһ˵ſϲˣǿ˵ˣͲѧˡҿ˰ͼڵǿ˾ûˣǳɡ
˵ţִӽϷһ򻭷ϵֽһС񣬵ݸҰǰǼŻ»ģ㿴ǹﱾˣһ⻭ÿöɣ
޷ǿһСֻŮӣᵶˮָһŵһԣʵһ𣿡
˼˶֣࣬ٲᱻĳЩ˵ڰԴ
˵̸һƣ˵
޷˫ַ̾һ
ôˣ಻
ˡ޷Ȼͷ
Ŷ򣬡ϲǸɣ㣬㲻Ӧ𣿡
޷ǿЦסҡͷ룬ɱҡһǱˡ
ô㣿治ѣʲô
޷ԳƵЦЦĿ̾Ҹȣˡ
⻰Խ󣺡ҿģȻôϲΪҪ
޷ſڣֹ˫࣬ҡͷ
ü˼ãҲûɡǮ£Ӳֻ֪иŲµŮӣһŲʹ
ҲǣЩ˰ԹԹֲܡһֻӣ˼ǡôʶģߵز
ôʶ޷Ǿžյֶ˶٣۵׸һ˿Υů⣬ɽšɽںӱ
룬ҡͷЦǻؼû֮Сҵɡ
ϸ룬һ㻭̫ѿûġǹŮһˣܻôף
޷һ¶ǣ⻰ҡͷ̾ϢǸЦ
ǰһĻʼͣԺУþû֮ɢ
ƤҧһڣԽʢʵܲ˵˵Ǹˣ
ıη޷ҡͷЦݲȻԭϵɣȷӣҲ䲻ϡ
ҲԱ֮֮λΪµһǷ֮ཫ˵ҵȷҲ˵飬¸ԸƼȴˡ䲻֪ʲôôҲƲԼɣ
޷ǿЦҡͷ˫Ŀ΢أһƾƹ븹С
뿪㣬˵׼ţֺڣɱˡ³ӣ
⻰޷žյ֣Խһ˲طһЦɫת˲޾ڰ
ˡҲˡЦҡͷ۽Ө˸޼ңôԭ¡
˵⻰ֹδ䣬±Ҿƣͼѹĵ״ıŴĻҡͷ̾Ϣ
ڷ糾߸֮ˣӲϻ飬ԵʻᣬɲƼһһʱп࣬¼ͬ飬к档
鲻ƶ࣬һ绹ǧơ
֮ˣעҪΪ
̻֮ͥǰԺЦﻶһƬ¹⣬ϷҲƬϵӰ
㻹ҶüһգǷңӵǵĻ棬Խգٶ࿴һۡ
ңǵƻװǧңЦҡͷĬΣȻʵ˵ҵҪҪ⻹

ԣ
Ρ⡶¥ޡ ݳͤ·ȥ¥ͷӣꡣ 鲻ƶ࣬һ绹ǧơĵؽʱֻ˼޾ ޷ǣſޣңҪٰ~~


331 . εԱѩ
ţҶ, һֻĹĵңʵⶼģ
, ңɸɴͷ, ޷ġ, ҵ
Ҷ⻰, η̾˿ô˵, 㲻˲գ
áңͷ, ҧ֡
Ҷ, СʵǡŶλ˵Ļ, ţҶʵ
书ߵú, ˭֪᲻αװҿң䷭˸, ȥ
ҶԶƬ, ̾ͷҲûܡ
ңԾԶ£з·һ飬, ҡ
ͬʻ, , 𣿡Ҷ, ʵ
ң, Ծɵͷ
¹Ժһķ١ü۶Ӱ, ŲѪ, ˡ죬ֻԼü
Ҷ̾˿ʡ
ҵͲңȻ̧ͷӣ޺˵ҪΪδҲ뵽ͬˡ
㡭δҶһ㶣תͷ
֪ҲɣңȻ̧ۣ
ƺİǰ˵Ǹıңٰ֮һǻŭ𣬶йҶϡ
ҲҡҶҡҡͷ
ȻʲôҲ˵ҲûҪ¶
ң˵⻰ʱɫ㯡Ҳ֪˵ڸԼ
ԡҶسãСʵӴԸ壬֮
⡣ңԶ£ĿԾɿ㯣ȫʡ
㻹ǲġҶ̾ѡ
ƭҰңŭͶѦǼ٣ƭңҪôǰ񣬽Ҹ֮ƣҪôΪΪҺãƳ⣬̷ͣԳıǶֶϽŵĲзҪʩ᣿
ҶƳ۵ɱ⣬һʱٶ˵һ仰
ҹɫŨ罹īڹݳϿաҹĻҵƻһյյϨΨ̻Ծɸƽ
ĻӴڴ˶ٰôҲӲšţȡһȥŪѾ
ǰ˵ƣȴȾëǴ
ңɫңƲһԵҶߵܱߣǽ£ƿ෿Ĵڣ޷ѷ棬˯ȥܻоδɢ
ŭԽԽֻ޲ȥƣѡ
ƾʲôţ¿ˮȴʲôҲϸ
Լʲôܵ
ɻ⸱ث
ʲôʱʼҲ˾ƹңߵ΢΢¹⣬ϸ޷ǵӡ
˯ಢȣüͷʱ㱣ʱɥһ㣬ֻƽ˼ֱ̬
ңָʹ֣һ
˯еָٿȻգ߬סң˺ȴſǻૡ
ңң
һؿʹѹһʯ۽磬Ƴɳڵ½֮£¶һǴࡣ
ңҲ룬ֱӽ쳶
ƻƼ䣬һ˫ۣ֮ɲڣҿǷڻ
ɿ½̧֣ۣһĨɺ졣
˶㵽Щʲôң֣߬һƽѣȴ⴫ĽŲֻôҴҽ½ϣɿ췭ֱԺǽ֮⡣
ûܳԶȱ̱һִδй֮ת˲ȫ
ңסǽµͷڴϢ
ôˣҶ첽׷ʵʲô
ңֹ걻紵ñֱ͸裬ĵһ˿ĪĻ̿֡
ôҲ벻ף̿־Ӻζ
ʯģһѪ⣬˫ε֣һ粦˺һƬһƬء
ң
ôҡң뺬ᣬǽԹЦ⣬ͼ˻
ҶԽԽۣοȴȻͷǿʻЩᣬȻ߿
̼䣬ǸִѪһ˿һˣֻǰͰᣬһѰˡƫƫÿһεĿĵأһ˴ߡһլӣʲôҲ
մкϣǻ;ڴͷˣŻֹԵҶȰ˵Ҳϻصա
Ʈ沨γζֹԶͰƣ֪˭˭˺顣һƬƬİеһеߵ죬ȴ˺
ٻصյĴգҲЩֹΡǰĿֻߵʱ̣Լĵ׵Ĵ
ҶʵȰסֻתشգüѡ
˭֪⵱ڣԶȴ֪³ңԡ
ͷ˵Ͱһײ˹ңδվȵһʱֱӱ˳ȥ뺣СʷҶﳯΣɫ䣬뺣УڴЭ£
ңʪ͸ǺһˮҶڻʼյͷסԣſţͻȻ
ңҶæס֣ʵľòʣҪҪشϢ
ңסҡͷȴôҲֹסᣬתΪޡ
ǽײȥ˱ߣȻƼһ绨Ĺ޵ģ־Ͱʹ˹
Ҷŭһ½󣬱Ҫӡ
ңһק֣˺ݺݵһֵۣͷ
Ҷ֪룬ԼҲʪģҲһӸᡣ
ң
ǰ£ߡңԽģһΡ
ںĲֻһˣҶղŲҲҾ𣿡
ͲҰ㵱Ӱ𣿡ңϢȽôãʮ
ҶһʱԽ֪Ǻá
ϲֵġһŮƵĹڴͷޣһ˵Ǽ˵¡ûһΧۼһ￴ֵĴͣһָָ㣬۷׷ס
ҶᷳɢȻһңɪɪģԥŶ׻ԭأ뿪벽
Ƭ֮һͷĻ飬ذȹŮӲȺͣڶ˸ǰӻͳһŸɾؾݵңǰ
ң㶣̧ȥƼǰĻɴ΢Ц
Ϥ
h


332 . κת
ҩ氢ⶾ, δⱻҵԶڵϣȳ, Ŵȥhң, ڴ¡
˵¡hĬһ, ҶӹװſľҩĴɹޣƶͷǴҩ
ңӿ, ·ʧ˻ꡣ
ľ˼h, , Ѵ㡣ҼǵʱѦĴôʱȥ, һֱû𣿡
ң΢΢һ, ˴
ɫζ, Чƹһ㣬ֻǰʱϵø, ж֮ƽտ, Ҳ볣졣Ѧڴ˶
hͷ˵Ѧÿսͽҩ, ߷, ˷Ż, ˵, ѱ
ң⻰, ǲԾһ
, ѾˡҶ˼, ȻǳӢۻᣬҲֲͷ
˶٣򣬵ͷѦԼǸײϵǿ޷ǵڶңɱ֣ô˾Լ£еġ֮šһ
жߡңҡ鲻֪ǿЦôû뵽Լ徣ģԲ˵Щ
ɺ¡hһĽֶ࣬ңҲ֪Ҽǵð˵
ݣھܾٳ٣κ档ĽµȷѰ
Σֱȥδػ˵ʵhһ˼кȻ⣬ӻͳһֻľУݸң
ʲôң򿪺ӣڵֻɱĹֳ棬һ㶡
ϻֻƣŸѪһֱҴϡhѪɽѡ
кãңڵĹƳ棬˵ҼǵõйƣһǿŲޱš
ΪϹٺ޸顣hڰϣֻҪģʲô¶ᷢ
˶٣ּ˵置ŮΪ˷ֹĹƳ棬ֻҲҶġм֮ףŮáһˣҲ޷б˼ɡ
¹עȥģңһˡ
ԣҪѾͬˡhһ룬ֳŽ̾˿£Ҳ֪ﲻùܰģҲֻЩˡ
ģҲòԩңἣδɣЦѱ棬Ӳȴʹ
گ࣬Ҳ뿴ʹࡣhȻ̾˿ҪǵûϹٺܱסǼžͺˡ
㾡ˣ𡣡ңĻȻɳƣ£ֻװƵľУУ˵ǶȥϢɡ԰գ㼴վ
hɫѣڲտȴлͬĽࡢҶˣңƳ⡣
ŨƼʣʵѹ˴
ʱһߣϦºƽ棬ҹɫӺԾɱһŨƱ󣬸ð̱ӿưӰ
ңľУľȻڴһǡ͵ϵĻ¶ţӳ۵ףĵһĨʼղϨĹ⣬΢ȴޱǿ
ദһĻĻ棬סӿǰĺĺ飬Цڶϡ
ֻ仭棬һ˲ѳƬڱɢ
һֱֱлӲڡһΣȴ֪ΪΣǸȥˣη
ֱ˿̣źȻˣԭһ䡰͸ᴩʱ⡣еĲ˽⣬ڸ룬˺ģȰһ̽Ѱͷ
ң˼ã˼ľͷԷſգŽƵ
ȴʱ͵һߡ
޷һڵأʹѵԴ·˻ҩʱը
ңҶĻӲ⴫
ңԣ΢΢һ㶡
ͬЩֹѣεҩҪҶʵ
ˡңصƵҩǰҲùЧòҲҽʦ˵˶죬Ӳ
˲˵ŲȴδŲԾվԭء
ãʵһУۼ֮»в²⣬ġδ㣿
ǣңۿն
㣬ıסһȴòһŮߣֺγǶ˵ĥҶ̾˿ⲻ뿴Ľ𣿡
ңԣЦĬãߣҲɱѰĺɾ
ҶĬã·˱һ˵ҵҲԺúչ㣬ܹǰøá
˶٣ּ˵Ȼ˵֮ҲںֻһӰӡֵñϧֵһ£谭ʵñ鰮ҡֻ㿪
ңղԣ˫ĿŲ⴫Ĳĳĳ
ŲţҶ˫ֻ̧ۣңԶڰĺڵɫǶ˶һ˿Ц
ҲġңȻڡƽȴĻ¼ŵҹ˺һĿӡ
Ҷԣſһ˵ļװһס
֪𰸡
ҲģԶ֪Ρң˵꣬ľУγ嵶ģ˿ѪһεڹƳϡ
һ̣ޱȼᶨҲûжҡ
¹࣬ŨƽɢĴϣһһԽ
ͷȺ´һص롣պңƣٴȥݡ
¿գػ谵޷ǶУȻһϸ΢죬Ʒɳᣬݣ߳⣬ѭߵԺǽ£ȴȻеĴһĵʹ˺
Ķһ˿ڣֻڵĹƳֱѪ꣬æ˦˦֣ȴ޼¡
ƳƤ¡壬ȴûκķӦ
˿Ѫɷֻǻ
׵¹ϣһϮ£Ϊһ塣
޷վԭأ˿Χ÷תȴȻס
ңϢվɫ䡣
㡭޷ǿ־ϲЩ¶ڣæɤӣ飬˲мĿǼǹͷȡˣ
Ҫװ⣿ңǰһǶ⣬һЩˤ
޷Ǳͷ죬ԴֻĪÿžΪ˴ңʲôܺú˵
ҵú˵ú˵𣿡ң̰εﻹңΪλҪŮӣ
޷ԣһ򶨣Ц˵òǵʧķɣֻ۾㣿
Ϸʣ٬ޱȡ
ң⻰ȴް㲨ȲңΪȴ޷Ӧ
޷͵һ
ƣ
ǹֳ棬Ȼƣ
»ңֻǿ˶ĮıӭĿ⣺ˣҲңްϸ𡣡


333 . ˼
˵˵, ٳٵĻӲԶҺ֮װףʲôûйǸ˶Ŀķ糾Ů, Ҳδйǣ
ңһ, Ťͷȥ, Ƽõٳȹ
ҷϣԹԹ, һͿȥˣڴҾͰѻ˵, ҪôԸѦʲôʱ, ĶԶ㣿ٳߵ˸ǰͣ½Ų, , ھ, һҲȣ
ңϲⷴӦʶſ, ȴ֪ôӺ
ٳٰһ޷, תңԭΪɱ㣬ǸʮĶˣ, ȴѦΪǿ޹ҵ, ֪, , Ϊ޳, Ҫɱ, ҳ, Ϊ˱ǲѦ֪㻹šۣȫᣬɽյľ档
㲻Ѧ֪һţңס
Ȼٳҧ˵ֻ㹻ȫͶԸѦຣ
ңһϯϴ󾢲ŽȥףӲصͷԭˡ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡ٳٰһ޷ǣڲУδعɷ˸ۣתңⲻ˵ĵط˵ɡѦֽȱڹݵִ඼ѵ룬ֻʣôŲǡһȥǣġ
԰գ˶٣ǰҲȣڰһж˵ұ㲻Ƿʲôˡʲôƻʲô㣬ԸԸңҶ⡭ѦҲҵǱһ֮Զòɡ
˵󼸸ʱؼ˿漴Ժţߵһ룬ͣ½ŲŻͷңĺܹ㣬һ˶ǡ˲ʡ԰գ̴߿
޷ɫľȻԶԴȫſա
ҹңɷ˵קĸ첲ϡ޷ǻûüӦ㱻ǰϥڱһײһڣòײסӣһַűײŻͷȥ
ʲôΪ㵣ЩҾͻж𣿡ңݣһϷţŭʢңȻŸҶҾߣıּΪ¶ۼ
޷һȻʶס˵
ΪԼܴǲǣңҾ͸飬㵱һȥ
ҡҼʱô˵޷޹æҡͷϣЩǲѶΪ֮ʱ򡭡
ҪңͲʵʵ˵𣿡ң˴ʿһװ飬һ߿ôأʲô֪ͻñŪ
ûУ޷ʶֻ֣ʽ͵ҡġ
죡ң˿̵׹⣬·һ̱Ҫ̻嵶һԣߵ£һҲ̫Լˡ
޷⻰СһþûжŲǰԶ¡
µԴʧѵˮ˵ʲôʲôľƽܡ
ûôҲûΪôҪңһۣԼ£ʲôʸ˵ң
ǰûʸ񡭡޷ǴǹһĨɬЦ˵ЩҲûʲô˼
ңس·̴֧
޷һʹվƹˤȻҲûôңڻҸʲôкβ֤ݶѱ٣͸úúҸطţٳ¶һСģֱѦĴš
ңһǶ⡣޷׼һȣҲȲֻ϶һָӡ
Ҫ𣿡޷Ǵ΢٬ż뱯
ңԣһǶ⡣
һΣ˴һЩվȽŲҲһѪ
޷ǻҡͷǰץ֣ԼѱǶϣĿӣ٬Цлһ˿ƣû򹻱Щȥ
ңƬ̣жʱȼһ֮һϥײСײһأ۵졣
㵽ҪΣ޷ͻȻƢӶ֣⸱ģֵ㻨ô˼
ң̼ȣһƣҲδŲ벽侲ƽĿ⣬˵˵һ顣
˵Ҳֵ㻨ô˼޷۵׷죬䣬ְңһǶ⣬һʱͷۻĿѣ¡
鷳Űѻ˵Ҷ㻨˼ϻ̫˼˷ʱ⣬Ҵһһ⡣뷴ڣҪҸ֣ȥ֮ǰһʲôȲһΪҪôô㣿
ңԽ˵Խ߿Ŀһ־죬һˤǽߡ޷һײǽ棬һʹŻһѪѪŴǰ䦿һ̲Ŀĺۼ
ȭ߸߾𣬱Ҫţ޷ǽ˫ĿȫȴȻһ㶣ã֡
ȤңǹһĨϷʵЦ֪ǿǿԼ
簵ӿڵĴȴð뿪ԶϡǷ·˪ѣһһҰ׶Ӳ
ңתŽӲƣĲŲǰȴȻסĹЦ
ЦĲݾ۶ϵƶ٣
޷ǲԾס
˵ųȴ֪ôһеСңͳԶҪ˵㵨죬ȴҶҡ
˵⻰罥ǣ΢΢Ĳ
޷ǷǽվֱӣıӰһ仰Ҳ˵
˵óɱĿδԸԧ첻ɡ˵һУҲҪһһ㻹˵ǣҲҷֺң˵⻰ԽȴȢˣҵӣִңڿ˵ǰΪҸһУֻơ
޷Ǻ޴룬·һĪָţأһ󣬲˫֣ȴڼͷһ̳ɣ˰ա
֪һգΪλңʵ
޷֪ͷ˵
ûлͷԹԵ˵ȥ㣬һҪ㣬֪ȥ޻·һҲǵΪȴҾãˡ
޷Ļ·ҵԥ˫ڰյ֣Ȼüᶨסļͷ
ۿãʽĵŘȻеһ㱡صľ޴ĿңζۣҲġ
һƴһΡƺйΪһˣϧһУຣ
ֻڰϣڽٲ
ĵѹµĸһ̱öҹҹܿӿǰһһĻĻ縡ӰԽʹ֡
׿˵ҴĻƭɽ㳯Ϧ飬Ұңġ
㣬ҳմң
ҴϾǰ
գҲġˣעҲáңҧ
޷ǺȻͷǿнӰ˹ȥ˫գʹֱԼҶ㣬еĺöƣ

ԣ
ٳٶ޷һٰʮȴת䲢ûв
ΪһʼͲǰֻǿһռΪУ濴ⶫˣˣҲϡ
ٺͽԺദֺԼȫ
иСϸ趨ûҵȥٳ²ҷϣ˵Լ
ٳϲ߸ȴܱ
ң̬һȫȫĹԹ
һǲģûȤξԼҲӣٳϧһ˶һ
ڶٳĶңңижģٳƻУңңͷ￪ʼܵˣ滹ϧϸڣȥЩ
ǿǿǿٳٲСٳȴûлѧܵŮӣСӭűסһ޷Ŀסǿָɵٺϵ


334 . ԸΪˮ
ңصͷ
ʲô֪, ȴ˳ԣһһϡ
ұ, ׷̰, ɫȮ˺, ޶޷Ǽؿŵ
޳, ۸ͬŻӽ, ޹ӯ, ϧңظһ鵱յĻġ
޷ҧ˴, ŵ, һҲ˵
ⲻϣΪ𣿡ң, ˿㣬ԶԶô˳˼, 㷴ˣ
޷ҷ, ȻͷܲĴ
֪Լʲôֻ֪һƶ, ߴô
ס, һаߡ
ˮ, ݡֻһ, ǰ, ľ괺, ǧ
ңûп, §ĲӣӦǡ
ҹžĵס
ҹ紩ɴOO@@졣
㣬վǰ˺ܾãңѣһ岨ɢ۵׵ĳȴڲסŨİ⣬ûвһӣǲǾôȥˣ
޷ǴǶ˶ĿԣŨ£ںܡ
ңӣһ˿Ц©졣һҲвסᣬ¶һ㣬䡣ѹſҲ鷢޷ۣһѽ뻳Уٴȥ
ɴڲסӿһ
ѹѾõһ籡һʰѻѾõ˼޲ԷѪ
꣬۰ͷ䣬ˮһ˱ĴỬǣˮڣѷֱ˴ˡ
˪ѣ뵿Ĺ⣬ҹɫڣҹҲ˷ⶳյġ
ǰɴʣҡӰʣŨƾɡ
ң޷ǻУָ⸧ͷ࣬ʵҼǵ⸱ͼڣҪǿҲµһС
ֻԼĪҪʱ·޷ḧ˰̣ϧħ죬ұ㿴˿ڡΪ
ңһף˵ͷ
ٳˡ޷Ǹǰһǡ
ɱңҡͷЦд࣬ͲѦ
̫ˣǧС޷Ļһӵ뻳
ǲǶ˵ʲôңʵ
޷ǻĿҡͷԡ
Ҳ֪ô˵ġûôءң⣬ֻӵұѣ˿㱻Ҳ֪˭Ӹһѡ
⻰ʱ§֣巢΢΢ĲԽɻ󣺡Щ
Ҳ⡣޷æҡͷͷ䣬ҲˣʲôҲᡭʲôûзҲܵ˺
˵⻰֪ʪ۽ǡ
Һá
δܷ֮࣬جƻеһУֻһں˵˵
Ƿӵνֻ̤ĥʧ̻̲ա
ңֽӵ
꣬أԸԣ빲롣
һ£һǺסңУʵǸһֹǵĺַʲô
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ԣԼˣңһ
޷ǰͷ˺ܾãһûģųֱ΢ʵңңôǲǺܲá
ң·ҲôѹҲƲס
Ҳ˺ˣ˺㡭ԾɺᣬСǷ˴Сèһ㣬ñǼ˲䡣
ңһգðŻ㱻ḧ󱳣˵ҡⲻǻһġܷ£Ҷ뿪벽
޷ǵͷٴĴ
ҹǲƺڰԺ˶
ˡңһѣǳ̫Ķòճ
㲻ǲ𣿡޷һӡǣ۵
ңϵһ£һûأЩıֱּˡ
ݵò𣿡޷һ޹
̫ǷˡңСÿοҶ㡣
޷⻰һʹָָԼϵ˰̡ĵµĺۼ
ⲨӿĽУ飬Ĭ衣Ҳ᲻ֺ
ȻǱΪ£ȴ΢ңݵ̬ǰնĵҪȡ
ʱܣǼϢʹٴν
ǧɣҹࡣã˼ԹǸҹҲ˵ꡣ
아޷һӵסңٳٲԸ֡
ջ޲һޣ˽գ᲻ˣңգૣ𣿡
޷΢΢ףЦһů紺档
Уһ˿˿Ϣ
ǾԼ¡ңͷ˵һʲô뷨
á޷ͷɵòˡ
ڶ׼񹲷֮¡ң
⡭᲻̫ˣ޷㶣ʵ
һң̱ɫ
ãúáæͷӦʵҲԸ
ܷ£ҪȫңҪš
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ҽߣ͵̺ߡңһУԸԸ⣿
޷صͷ˵ȻԸ⡣ܾǧָٲҲԸ⣡
ңʰѣڴ˵һֱͬ˵ϻڻݣԬõ˵ӵЩŮӺͺӵÿοҵ˵ʱ򣬶ᷢǰǴˡ
޷ԣüٿ˵
ԭΪ㣬֪顣ңҵġ
һ跨£̫ġ޷Ե
ʲôһҪСġңסֵҵģҲ£ܳκβء
޷ǵѵݸȴһڻ䣬æУָʵԲĿȻ
࣬ѱĦù⻬Ȼʱ棬˼ˡ
һȴѲ֪١
޷Ǽɫ죬ס֣ʵôˣ
ҵ֪ʲôʱˡң̾˿
޷ԭǸġ޷ЦŰɡ
ңͷɿǰһǡ


335 . ݳͤ·
ɽĹ, һҹѩ峿ֽͣˡ
Ҷɽ, ųӭ, 糣, ƽˮ
ɣߵ󣬺, бʵڵ˭أ
˭Ҷ˫ֻۣת˿, ʵ, ôش𣿡
ûʲôɣһ̯, Ǹп¶䡣ֵһƲû, īûˡ
ұû˼Ҷ, ֻϲ֡
٣ƭù, ѵƭңɣ䭵ü, ҪΪǻ˵ԵʣҿɲţŹûᡣ
˵ûҶɫһ
˵˲˵ˣɣҡͷ, , ͬ˭ֲ, ٵģ
˵, ̾˿, Ҳ, ܵм, ܳеóõĿɹ󡣲ôţܱȫ\ֻܴصĹǻһá
йޣԵͺáҶ
һһ䣬˭Ҳ˭˵ţȴȻңĻӲԶô
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ͷ洺лƺʲô
ɫɣͬζӳ£ˣ
˵ˡңͷشɣ䭵ĻĿתҶһ˿⣬ǰһֱûͨ˲ᣬǸ
ˡҶһףʲô˵ˣֳк鷳Ըҡ԰գתȥŲû˿͡
϶磬Ȼ֮ϡ࣬Զ˼ů⡣
ݾСԺ֮Уٳٴ޷нӹ飬ϸ˿ϱߵ֣ԸӱˣԹһа޷ǡǰһֱ˵û£˹Ҫһˣ˵ţһֵǮҡ
޷ǵһЦһŷǮС
ٹᣬٳٿ˿Ǯ治ôǮǲ̫ˣ
֮Σðɣ޷üЦʡ
벻һ㣬˶ˡٳֽţݹǰЩǰɥ֮״ѽȻͬɸпҪǸˣߵҲҪȥһΣǶ
޷ҡͷһЦ˵֪֪ѦڸЩʲô
֪ٳٵʲôͬ˵ģ١
޷üһ
ٳٴչһصı飬ָıӵҶ˵һ쵽ûɹ£ơ򼿣ݣƥ䡣ҿµһͷҲʣʲôˡ
󲻻ˣ޷ҡͷЦˣ˱һ뿪ģ֮ǰһѰʵȥ
ǾͶлˡٳ˵ţ㼴תߣȴǰ˵Ѧˡ
޷ɫ΢
ٳٲԣŲֱ͵޷һѣָ˶ҵʲô
ַʲô裿޷Цʵ
㻹װٳﵽʲôٳʹ޸㣬Ϊ𣡡
Ѧһ߽ԺƼΣԭվƬ̣ǰٳ٣ôˣ
ôˣٳЦ̬⻰˵˿ɶˡ
ʲô˵ģѦ
ٳҧԡ޷ϷƵƳһۣתߡ
ٳ֮״ʹܰѷ糾ŮдҲˣҹޣʲô·ǵõ˵׶˭
ѦԣòĿ޷ͣפıӰϣ֪Щʲô
㲻˵û˿Ц𣿡޷ǻͷΪسٳȥ
ǰԺ˵ǰҹ߶С˸ˡѦɫ䣬޷ǣ̫ˡ
ãһơ޷ǻתߵ˸ǰƳƳٳٵ常ˣλǧӼ޹һ𣬱õָңҪôͬޣŲõİҹ
Ѧһٳ٣кӿɱ漴ֽһԣ޷ǵһϢ֪벻
˵޷޷ǵ
Ĵã˵ҪһصץȥŮӺͺӣѦ֪ô£
ҵû˵޷ǵЩ˸ʲô
ʵģǺǡѦ䡣
òỳҰɣ޷Ц
˵ٳٲ֣ұЩܽѦںֱͦٶ㶯ֻ֣ܺЩ˽ѵظӡ԰գ̷תȥ
޷Ц
Ĳǲᡣ
ڿԽüҲҪ
޷ǱͲԸӦЩ̨ϵ£ѦסԱլﲻٳȥٳΪΪ˶Ŀֻܱһңһ˯һ˯ڵϡ
ɲ۴˼俴ضôܣҲס黯ң
Զ˺ͺԺÿÿ˿գᱼ
ı£֣ܱУһ޵оΪڹݵѦҲ̽նڵ¡
Ϊ˽Ҵ࣬㲻ˡ
˭֪գԼ˵ǰ˵Ųǲ»
޷ǾѦϵͷֱ̽޳
ǣڷˮྐྵӣ˾˵ЩЦĻϷ˿
šӣһһһϸҿ֣˲װҲܣǲˣ
ԭǼٵģ˷ࡱ޷ҡͷһЦ
ҿɫ࣬˵ᣬǰȴزнľ֮ˣǱˡ
㶼ܿ޷Ц
ǣеģҪǲÿɫ类˸ˡ˵
޷ԣԿ̾ҡͷȴ𻰡
ȴʱһȴȻ˴򿪣һ
ң
ŲߴˡҴææȴȻ޷ǵ񲻶Ծ
ңĿ⣬ϲ봺ľ¼һ㡣һ˫һڵĹ⣬ɣ⼸ͷһؿ
ҿȹңǰ濴˺һȻҡҡͷת޷ǵҲ̫ˣ˼ɵò治ڲǶˣȻⶼѧᣬЦ
ɣң࣬һ㶣ȴֺܿ㷴Ӧת޷ǵѦǰôᡭ
ᣬԼġ˵⻰Ծæڰ֣ʲôģ֮ͬ䣬ûκιϵֻ̽ϢҡҾ²Ծ»©ֻ


336 . ʼԸʯ
ңҡҡͷ, ֣ߵ£˵㲻ؽЩ, סҴ, һڷֲ״ٳ˵, ϻǿæ, ڹȥлˡ
ϻأŶطӦ, Ƿ, ˵һ, ԭ
Ȼ, ͵͵һһԵ޷, ڿ͵Ц漴ң, ϲǰһ, ʲôĹܽ˵ǡһ֪ˣҲûˡ
˵, Ȼյң, С˵ͬ˵, ʱ, վǸšһڲͬ, ֮ء
ң, ҡͷһЦ, ȴһ
ħ϶飬±룬ֺγڿ˼άű深٣ʵҡҡ׹Ĵ
޷Ǽңͷֻ΢΢һЦ漴ǰ¡
ҲˡվҲţ硭ȥֵĵģǳ˵ţ㲻ɷ˵ȥ
ңסȴûס
޷һԲŤͷ߳ȥϵһɲչԴɿңһڡ
ϻҲǰǰ¡ûãôϲңʵ
ھӣһسңԡ޷ЦԴԳò׿㣬ܲ𣿡
ͬ˵ԴϻǼѦ޹ϵȥ˼˼ң֮ͬǰһĽң룬£˭ǹϣ
ܲʦɣ޷ü΢
ȥҹλϣҲ˵֪Σż磬ҲûֹҲû߹Լںδʲôң
޷ԣüͷ
ģһأһЩǰͷңס֣㡭Ѧ㣬㣬
֪޷ǵͷӵ뻳У˵ΣϣĻƽ¡⴦øĹۣ˱ͬ˼ġ
ɾҲȡѦͷңˣòһأ˵ЩˡߺҿҪܳһʱˡ
ţ·æһ˵Щʲôأ޷ǵ٩
ӣҪȥӣҲûʵۿԴңĿתһ˵
޷ԾЦţյߵҪõĻͶֺˡ
ңԣһѡ
˵Ц˺һӣŵ
ҿɽȥ⴫
ɣûʲôܿġ޷
Ŷ룬жһֻḷ̌зྫµС㣬ÿС㶼Ị̣̇ۻҡ
µĵ
޷һֻŴĻ⣬ݵңߣι¡
ţ壬ոպáңϲͷȻĵĿζ⡣
Ʒλ൥ҵǰǿӵģϧ첻ˣ
ﲻϲӭ£ңʵʶһλѣԲسӡ
ֺ£ྪһΪûµʲôҲõ⡣벻ϣвĵط
Ǻãλȥ㾡ͬ磬ѰʵĻᣬļǨȥҲ㱨һƬ顣ң
ǿɾ̫ˡϲߵʲôˣô¡ģҾȻȥҺϢ˵ţȻȥŲǴڲݵؼȥİ
޷ҡͷһЦңȻƳȹȹͷӴߣңָָȹҪˣ˳
ûְң˿һʵ⻹кʵ𣿡
㰫٣ѣ봩ˡ޷˵ţתȥǰȡҰ㲹
㻹ңȹʵ
޷ֻЦЦӹȹӣһһ߲ȱڡңõȹȥϸ˺ܾãֻ޸ĶϿڣһ㣬ϸ徫£ȫ覴ã㶵ôʲô
СʱͬǲǲȥЩĻѧ˸顣޷һ´ȹһ˵ǰЩûʲôãڿź㣬Ҳ
˶٣ּ˵ıߣ£ȴҲȤֵᡣ񡭡
ʲôңʵ
û˼޷ǵȻûߣ¶Ȥ
޷ǡңı۵Ըӡ
㿴ڣĻһúã޷ǰϵȹ뻳£ҡͷЦҵ˵֣ȡ޹֮⡣Ļ޹޹ࡣ
ҲûôȰңգգ۵
޷Ȼδ⣬˺ðŻع뵽гҡͷһЦ˳
ңԻϲͷʯ¡
֪䣬׻˵λá
ѩɽЯ֣ģ
ãָԽ壬ԣΣڲˣҲҪůķ
ãج֮ȴ⣬޾޻ڣֻԸա
ǰ任է̣ܶȴô
գѱˣůһ㣬ůǸˡȴԸԼ̣ȻȻ
ңң޷Ǵ΢⣬ӯ
ңȻһЦĴ


337 . ·
ңص, ̱ͬҶһѰˡ
⻧˼סɽϵһСɽҰݽ, ¡˲Ҷ, ɽ, ֻƼһƬƵı䣬é֡
ңԶԶű, ü
ռɫôֱóüչҶ߽, ʵ
·߹ңͷһµİֻӡ, ֲ
˵, ̾˿, Ҫˡ
Ҷü΢, ƹһؿǰȥ
˴ɽŵ, Ժǰ, Ϊǰһȥ¥գȴȻһŲ
˭ңѭ׷ȥ׷СԺֻ֣Ƽмӡ, ׷ͷ, ȴûκ
ü΢, , ̧۳ȥ, ƳһĨӰ, Ǹߺһվס, չ۷һշǰ
ɿĿȴסˡ
վǰˣȻδﺮֻսǰһ棬ԵòЩ米΢ǣƺֲ˺Щꡣ
ϴμ棬ֻһࡣ
šңͷһ죬ڡ
ﺮƬ̣˵ͷ㯽·̼һУȻȻ
˵λõˣҶ׷ƼﺮŲҲһ١
ﺮüһۣĬƬ̣Ȼһ̾ãҾ֪⾰ЩҶ˵ˡŸŵ棬֡ɱ㡭ǺεȽӣʧ֡
ңңǰһϣӳ졣
ԣҳŵġ⣬֮ǰﺮ΢̧˼֡
ңи֮ŵң˫Ŀһиģ޿ɱ粵
ﺮЦҡͷ̾ѣıߣʶǰҲûлԵҲŻȢȴ벻Ӧ˴˽١
ʹĲѣ˶٣ּ˵һҪ̤˾֣סΪ˽Ǣӡ˴㣬ҲԸ˭֪
šңкᣬһĹڵأңΣҲһǻ⡭ҸݿຣҵĴ
ǰôʹˣҶվһԿã̲סǰˣ¶̹;һԶ£Ըַܷ֮ࣿҲǸˣԴɽ޿޷ڽ֮ô꣬ҲδܻȫôָһеһУ
ﺮԣֻһҶ价׵һĬͷϷ´Ҷ񵱻Ҷˡ
ŲҪᣬҶ֮Ҳδֹκ¡ͬˣҲֻ֪ʧٵЩ֤˶ȥ˺δѼ㶼ˡ
ﺮĿ̾һã˵ͷ
ң̧š
ɡﺮҡͷⶼԼѡұҲס϶úúӡ
˵ţȥ̾˿Ҳֻ뿴գһֱĴѰЩ˼ҵľǺˣҺáҺòѦ񡣡
Ѧ¿ʼ޷ǣڹݡңҶĲǰ벽ţǲǲң
ﺮԣŲ΢ͣòԡ
ţҶ˵ң֪ҲˣҲûܾȳбеŮ˺ͺӡô£ӦѦֵõһĸ˫˳еһкã̫ƽ𣿡
ҿ𣿡ﺮعĿɿңӹüͷҶѦҰģһ᲻֪ĹǺһǻִΪλὫԼڵزУȻҶ˵㲻ֹ˸֮£ٰάѵû˿˽ԵʣҪˮ֮У
ΪѦѪ𡣡ҶȻ˵Ҷĳģƾһ֮ɱٻǧأ˺ɡţҶĳҲ޻˵
ŶﺮŽɡ
Ѱ֮̽ܣɲó˭ҶµҶˣſԸң
ﺮԣֻңԺ֮У޷徵ģȻһͬʱ˵ĸ֮֡ס
ٿȻ֮䣬ϵĳһͻȻ򿪡
ԼԼƺʲô

ԣ
ﺮ̬ʵģ˼Ҷӣңң


338 . ³ɳ
ѩ׷, ɽпݻƵĲݵظһĻû֡
ǵصİ˪ɽͷסݲݲ, һڡ
, , ΨϪˮ
Щﺮ뼸һ˺, ͼֽʵҾߵЩ, ȫԸ档ֻ, ѦҲǷ֮ڴ, ҵñǵİȫ
˼ܵңһ
ŵ, Ƿص, α졣ﺮϾѦô֤, ܲ˵, 类һѻˡ
ˣĽ˫ۡ
Ǽ̫ᣬһС±æҡﺮЦǺǵãһȥ켸, ʣʮ˼ұ㽻ˡҪ, ȥд, ðǡ
һңһ, ǲޱס𣿡
סҲס, ﺮ, е, 뵽ܣ
ޱˣңԣĿ¶죬ʱ£
мˡƺǰﺮᵽ£ɫʱ࣬԰ʧ֪Ǹ䣬ܻм׮ϲ¡ЩϢҪǵ˿գҲԸ޷ǡѰģˡ
ңȻͷһص㣬۲ȴ͵һ
ݣ츮
Ϥĵط
ˡΪβܼǽ֮⣬ɣ䭺ŤͷңʵУΪηǵҪ
Ϊֻͬλ칫ӲеġңϲˣƯˡ
ɣĿ¶ģָҶôݶϲʲô
һ书Ѱˣ㡣ҶŷŬŬ죬ȥɡ
ô㣡ɣ˵꣬Թصңһۣ°ڣ鲻Ը˹ȥǰС˵ϰ
ңĿתţɫء
ͬǴҶԼ׹ǰʩſȥɽ޷ָħŹ¡ɽߵģӦ򡣡
ңԣԾɶŴŲ
ϻǴ򽻵ʮ죬ͻҶ˫ֻۣҲãɣɫ࣬ܺǳ档
ҪĻټ־ңһٿ
Ҷһ񣺡ѵ
ûûСңڰ֣֮ǡʲôûʲôû
£ɣӦáҶ
Ҫѿ𣿡ңҶ
Ҷŭˣ׹Լ˵˻˵ʲôȴڴһŮ˵ļУ𽥸ǵĴ
ǰһȴټŮҴææܣɫʧ룬̱ʶβ̳ڱȥ
һֳֵ˷룬Ҳƣֱӱɱ֡
ʬ𼣣ң沽ԾһǷ߲ȵһˣֶ¶Էĵɨȥֱݡ
δ־Ƽ˻ڽӯ㼴һѽߡ
ſңӯȻһ㶣ּʼģԲԣϻܵܣξʹôˣҪţ
۾˵Ϲġңڷϻֱϱߡ
ңôģӯһɱڣ˵㡭
㣬־СʱǲǱ˹߹ңһӭˣӯʵ
ô¡ӯ֮һ㶣ô֪
ǾͶˣңͬһĶˣҲ޹ֺֻ˸ȤңԺУǰһƬʬɽѪ۲ɳ˿ݡ
ӯվסš
һдӶб󷽶ֱӯͷңֻӵʱһ󾢷磬裬졣
Ƴң嵶üһʧɫ㻹û˵ţתȴңһͱСڵء
뱨ţңᵶնһߵʬ壬ȴǣӯֺȻһգͷһֻƼ̱ڵء
м㣬ңҶѽͥɱֳ˸߰˰ˣ㼴ĵӯϴ뿪ң˶ڳſڣǵ˵Ǹϵ˱ţ
ǡӯɫҰףɱ˲գ۵ˣﻹ˵ѣ֧ʹôġ
ﲻȫͬߡң֪־Ĺȥ˵࣬صڡ
ʲôࣿ˵ߵ£ӯ㶵
ٷϻվңɫȻϻؽӣھͱ
ӯʶ̲ԥ
ʱѪɣ䭵ײײ˻
־أҶʵ
ѽɣѪ֣ǰչʾһǵãԸĶආѲ챻ҸϣҪ书ȥˣ˭־
ң⻰˫Ŀҡҡͷ
ӯңѸٸһ˼ҡ
ǻ˼ҵĹճ£֪𣬱лͣȻȵ˷תʱֱ֪˳ңŮ
ңԻףԲ
ĳˣԸŮɹѹء֮죬ηηβ²ؼζԵ𵱳¹һЦͷ
ӶŮҲĿࡣ
дģȻ㹻

ԣ
ܾãңңе㽿ޡں
󴫹ȻǺбҪĴڣŮӾҪѰԼǷǻǱȽʺϹų޴


339 . ƽ簵ӿ
Ѧ޷֮, һֱܶž˵ȥ٣ȴδκͬʱ, Щ˼ڲʧ١
, Ѧ޷ǵҲ, ˿ܡ
´ů
Ժһʢ, ̺죬Ȼ
޷ڷиһ, ͻȻ, һңĿϲ, ɸ, üͷ, ǰգǵ, ۼҪôˣ
, ңǵģ뵽뿪ôãᵣ, Բš
Ȳ˵Щ, ޷ǽ, ҩ, ȡҩСĲ, , Ū
޷ǡ
ʲô, ܰˣ޷һ򢣬ҩ޵ֲԾ۵Ըӡ
֪Σң°ͣò΢΢ͷ˵Ҳ˼ֺ죬Ҵȥ𣿴ù𣿡
޷һʱԣּҲֻõͷĬĬҩĶȴȻ˶٣ϸ˰̣ʵ̡ǲֵЩ
㿴ңݸ㻹ǵַ𣿡
˭޷һ㶡
ӯ־ķˡңԬҵǷϣ־֡
޷ҩ޵־һײңϡ
ûµģ޷ǡңס֣ѾˣѦȥ׽ãɣͬ־һûܱס
޷ǵͷĿжʲôҲû˵
ַ˿ϵỊ֮̇ǰ˹ҩң˵ܸƽ̺ۣû̫⣬õò࣬û뵽ЧңЦ
޷⻰Լ𣬵լʱӯָ˿ڲҩʱ龰㱵˵ͷ
ʵȥһλкƵŮӡң⣬ӳ̵ʱֻо꣬δ衣صУ㱻ﱣǰ죬ţиĸ˵ʲôҲ£ȥһС
ҵѦҲҵõ޷ǵ㲻Ը֤Ҳܼԭס򣬳綼·һ
Ҳ˵ǲҪɱڣ˼ҶңҪǽ˾ͺˡЩͨ˼ҲǴ򲻵ããš
Ҳִܶ㰡޷ɫôҲǸŮӣôµ֣
˼ҼĹҲǱŮûôյ£ǶԣôѾǱˡңûеСʱĸҲǺ̻ҵģҶס
㴦˵ΣԼأ޷Ƿҩޣ̾˿£ǹˡ
òҪ֪˵ģңʵ
Ҳܲµõȥ޷ǵ
Ҳң뿴ƲٱգǬ쿪ۡҾͲѦܼңҲݡ
֪𣿡޷̾˿ǰңԹңһеİáɺѻ˵ŵʲôػؿӣÿʱÿ̶ڵ£Ψ¶ˡҴδԼãȴ޿κΡ
㰲ͳٳ٣дңܰȫҵҲءң
ҲΪ
㲻ʲôûѾ̫ˡңס֣ô࣬ĵңҲõҵİΣһѦѣҪɱ練ƣûκ˿ȡҵ
ң̫ãùǽڷ㼴վӣɻûվȣϱһĨ
ѷ֡
ϻң˵һֱڱЩµĶʦұˡ޷գȴԽе
޷ǣңһǣչЦңϾܺһжȥġ
޷Цݷֽ࣬뻳С
Ҳ޷꣬Ǭʡ㳯Ϧԣͷ޷΢΢ͷ䣬ΣҪԼκ˺㡣
šңͷ
С޷ǸС˵Ѧˣ඼ˣҹ
ң̧۵ɳ羵
ǰ޷ǿʥѵ٣ֻܲǺȺȲ߰ɣ
ңԣһЦ
ԣҹڲǹߡ
ҹ޷ӵңָḧü۽ǣȻ̾˿
ʲôңʵ
һ˷ܶ޷ǵдϷۣҲԼСʱ򣬿ƵϷ롣
ʲôģң§Ĳӣʵ
ɽδ֡ȫ£ڴۣһֻδ򳡣
ңͷζ¡
ӳɽȣһŮӡ޷ͣͷǼ⣬˵Ů̫ξǧ𣬼ɰ㽫ߡ˼̫꣬ξǧһλ꽫ڱ߹ؿսȥһԾ
Ȼɱ̫֮ξǧײơʱأ粵ֻСˮϣˡأֻŶ뿪ֱ޷˵ţۺȻſգóԸսʤӭȢ̫ξǧ𣬲ڹڼңֻ򳣬ȴų꣬÷
ûбӦңʵ
ûбӦ޷΢оɫ
ơңΪϲ̫֮࣬Żô־޴й֮дϷۣӰþ֮Ѱ
԰գ޷ǵյǰ˫ĿӣһһҲˡ
޷Ȼ˸չգЦðҵִޣ̤߲ҡ
ɵõȲˡңҪɣûǧôУ浽һ죬㻹𣿡
޷Цԣ뻳УͷȻĿ
һ磬һеȻ𡣶ãȻȴ⴫ٳٵ޷ǣѦѵ˳⣬ߡ
һѹæţȴⲻֹվٳ٣ࡣ
ģٳٵ֪ڴޣǰҷ˯һҹػ㷿˹ҹֻǿͷڣ¶ڡ
ǡߣң񳾣ߵߣҲСġ԰գ̷
޷ǼӰʧв˼Ȼ
ٳٲٶ˵ֱ˳ȥŹϡ
Ѧ߽ԺʱٳԺʯԣˡ
ϻ̳Ͽֻһԣӣͱˣⲻһ֪𡭡
㵱ںںԼٳٻȻ涼ʲôµһľ罣ɫѬģɳһҤŮüȥҲö࿴һۡǸҪӣҪҵϣ硭һ죬һҪ
Ҫ˭ѦеĻ˹
ٳٱȥԸ
𣿡Ѧʵ
ͬҰŮһ𣬻֪ڸʲôءٳٰҧÿ֨졣
Ѧԣ߽Ժ޷ǷǰҲţֱӱƿ˽ȥ
޷ֻһ£΢¶šڴأһ࣬СҨһףڴߴιС
۲ת̣ЦЦԣ޼ףȴ

ԣ
֮һˣƩǧ֮ľ֮һ֦ԡӡ˵ѵ壺Ʃǧָ֮ΪŴλʮΪһľټһиһвܵˣͺñȽǧ֮صһ֦֮ϡ ִ˵٣ִѲ磬顣 䱾а ޷Ƕңңڴһ


340 . ߻л
Ѧɤӡ
Ӵ, ˭ѽšţ⣬ָ޷ǰһ, , ɾ, 㶼ʶЩʲôˣһģҲ, ֱӱﴳ
λ۽ɽׯׯѦ񡣡޷Цḡ, Է令ס, ѦЦ常ô, кҪ£
Ѧ΢΢, ͷ˫Ŀ, ǿӹ̫ˣղסˡ
ôأ޷ü, Ц٬
ѦԽȻ, Ϊɱˣȴϣ
˭޷ǹ⣬۵һ⣬תһ, ָֻģ, յǼ, ۵, ˿ת, Ȼȥ, ·ϵġ
ָ, վŤ֫˳ȥһϣܿ˺ԺŶ⣬ȴٳס
ôٳʵûɰɣ
ûûУวؿڣɲ֪һǵһμôˣѹ书ôߣôƯŮܶء˵ı£Ҫս궼øȥ
ǲ֪ˣٳٵòò˭ֻҪɡ
˵ˣҵøϿߡ˵ǸѦׯɱڵģһͲǺˣǵĵ㡣԰գ㼴Ҵ߿
Է֮ڣơ
޷ǻһɫ쳤ѦǰˮһƵѦǰ
Ѧֽӹյһ̣޷ǵĿ⣬ٿȻɱ¶û󡣡԰գĿж۽¶ģȴӱڣǲʹޡ
Ϸ
ΣѦ׽۵֮ɫ齥ɿ죬Խ⣬ҪͬһˣҲۿŮħͷжٵ𡣡
ð޷ˬӦûаɡ
ɴ㣬Ѧ²յ
ɫưףŨáݳƮٽʱͷ߿գǹâʢʱȴͻȻƮһƬƣУͷҲߡ
ңɣ䭶վںҴլ⣬۵Сۣã˭ǰš
ҽϣܰ˵ǡңָڴߣһ书ֲҪ֣ܻ𣿡
˵ĵǼ򵥣ɣ䭷˸ۣҡͷǵģЩͬʲôϵǵҡ
ô˵ţȴǲ鲻Ըǰ˴ţȻ˰죬ȴδӦ
һۣмͬʱ뵽ĽȻһԺﶼǾĵģȻһҲûС
ô£ңü΢Ȼһϸ죬ѭ׷ȥ
ɣ䭼״æϡֱԺȴԱһҴżҶŮںԺһСţƺ
Ҫȥģңǰһʵ
Աһ̺ɫסŮָңͰ͵㡭СŮڡǾģ
żղƺˣң΢򣬡Ա⣬ôأ
㡭ڣԲԣϷ򡭡ϷǾóѵģԱȻ֣̿ȴΪ޶ˣӲŵǰߡҲʾ£սľΧ£
Ҫ˺ǣϻؾѾˡңҡͷֻһ˵뷨ʵĥ͸
ָһƿߵԱǰô£ȴ߾ӿŤͷһȴƼһĨӰڲԶ
޷ǡ
žңԱѿڶ
˵ô£һԵɣ䭿ѦѾˣ
޷۷ɿɨһңзɿʹһĨϷʣŮŮ˲һ
ң¶ʱȻʹȴòε
޷֪ǳҲ֪Լϣʤɴʱ˿̣Ѧڰпţ֣ɡ
ôδãҲڴʱ˦֣Ƕȥ
崽أѽüᣬҲûʮһսĽңȴڷ
һأָʲô̬ԣܲˣ
ԥѦƣֺγǶĳ
޷һԲͦ
ɣԥҪҪ֣ȴһӰһն£ȵ޷˺
أңǰҶɫȻ׵ֱָ޷ǣ㻹֡
޷ǴվǹһĨЦ㣿Ҷֻϧ񣬲ߵĶܿ㡣
ңһ㶣ôҲˣǶ˵á
ɱڣصشҶأʮ˷ǽͷԺУΧס
ͬʱѦҲż˽˲ӣһ££֮⣬ΧһȦ
ĿɨҶĵü΢΢һȴ˵
ѦׯǴӦҪҵġԱɫָ࣬˵⡭⡭
ңҧгݣŤͷŭӺԱ⡣
һѰǣ֪һУ׶Щʲôˣ
ԱģֻҪŮƱػǰŵһ㣬Ѱ֮Ѧ治ɫ
һʲô¶֪ˣôܻŹңŭûгӣȫԺһٶˣȱ𣿡
㡭Աŭӻֲ̿Ů˺ü
Ⱦˣ˵ǡҶ΢΢ףң
ԼġңĿһ̻һն۽ɽׯӡ
ĵкͣûüϢڵϣ
ɱɱԱһŵõһš
ҶңתѦ񣬵ʵǰѦׯŮʱһݺ񣬲֪յ
˭ѦԽ䡣
ҶҶ԰գᵶݲϡ
޷Ǽ״ǰȥὣҶ⡣
޷ǣ׸ƵСˣҶⶸתն޷ǼͷȻˮȴѸ硣
ĪѲΪʦѷտɱȡһһ̼תʮСǲ¡޷ǶҶ˽ǰȵˣЩ㱾£Է˿ն󿪴ϣ˼ɡ
ɣ䭣̰ѺѺߣҶ˵ֱӴαǡ
ˡɣҡӣǰЭңһͬɱ˵ָ֣˵ȣɵĺһѺԺ
ңߵűߣȻͣ½Ųü޷ǵȥ
Ѧ㲻֪쾫Ҳǰھɱķ龰ôߣֻ޷ǵĻɣҲλһֱ֧ŵŽӸΪѹɥ
ʹ˼ʹϰεݲ̶ͦȥ޻ڣһ޷ؿڣƫҪȴ̵ü


341 . ϥ
޷ؿн, һЩԵ
˾ͻȻѦƼ, ¶졣һת, Ҳ֪Щʲô, Ȼǰĳһơ
ңҲ, ֱӡĽӣ𾢷, Ѧ˺
ĺ滹, ߡҶһңĸ첲Ź԰γ޷ؿڵ, ŵ, ܵɿȥ, ⣬ǲɷ˵, ֱΧǽ, ѱõƥ۶
޷ĿڣعڵأԶ, ӿŨҵĺ⡣
ֻ, ԵĲң, Ѧ
ң, ۾ʧɡ˿һ·, , ӰһƬʡججҶ˻صǽݵ, ֱӱɣŻ
ҶıӰȴҿ
ǵ롭Ա⻰δ䣬㱻һŮԴһȭ˵ҲһΣȥá
Ҳǹݵģⶼµ֣ɣߵҶԣһңҡͷյҶߵû㡣
졣Ҷһۣ
ôңԾɱ̧ʱô࣬ΪλҪɣá
ɼߵһҲֻôﵽҶ
ңĿ
ҶıӰãҡҡͷת߿
ҹкµԣݳϿգ뵳һƬʡ᷿ڣѦǰڴϻԲѵ޷ǣüԽ
벻ͨ͸ȴҲκ״
ʱðҩ߽ϣѦʹ˸ɫһ߳⡣
ôѦðʵ
Ǽ٣ҪðȻģ͸ҸðѱչΪԼšź˿ֻҪ㹻ɵ֮£Ӳģ˵𣿡
ͨ͸ѦڸЦ
Բ£һһʵȦԽС
֮󣬹ݾڣٳۿѦ°ԾɻԲѵ޷뷿ڣһԲ
ȵѦҪߵʱźȻǰ˻סôˣ
˵ˣչѦĮȻɨһۣҲǣΪ޵ı֡
ٳٱȥʡ
ӡӴ
֣ߡٳһƿ壬Զ
ۿѵƿصĵزҲֻŵúܡϷһ룬ѼϵļҲ÷
ðķԸҩȥԷǰȻһ顣
ƺ˶Լȴֲ֪˶ںδ
ٳپƽ߽ڡǰ£ҩڰϣ޷һ½鿴ƣƼѩ׵ɴİ߰Ѫ㣬̲ס˸䡣
ջȾѪζ֣ҩȴȻһ飬ֱͦ
ַչǱǰеоѦˣȴ˸ð⣬ʲôģ
뵽˴ٳзһЦ·һ֧ͷ͵سڴ˺Ĵȥ
ǧһ֮ʣһӰŶ룬ס֣˦˳ȥͬʱķҲॡһڵϣš
Ŀȫǵף£˭
ɱٳ˻ǰȥֱһķɣ֮ʣ͵ŻһѪƸƮ룬֪ȥ
ѾͷŻ¡¿µûκα飬ªŤ·һֻҰޡǰϼͷת߳Է
ҷſ˵㲻ˡǶڱңǶҡٳټ̱ۿ
ˣ⽹׷ϣӡӡ
տãԻµĻĮøһס
һСٳ޹ֻܻ̿˺ŴӦ
ſҡٳٵķŭȫǳģװɥҪҵҵ㲻䣡ޣ޳
Ļû˵꣬㱻¶˲񷿡
ŲŽգٳٺȻеһϢ𣬺ܶǰԼƺҲĳ
±̣ѦΪԼ˺üŮŪһĥ
ٳһµĺӣҲΨһһɹĺӡԼӶ𣬾ͳĸһĶһϣ¶ûһƤ
꣬ۿĸױ
Ϊˡ
ŭ⣬ǰ˺ҧĴȴһ˦ڵأͷѪ
ûиֱӱؽ񷿡ſűߣ޵ò֪룬ֻܹԭ¡
һСŮƵһҡβҲǴʼѧŪģӭ
涼⣬óªһЩкη
ٳٰڵأŽЦ̫̫ãվʲôζ·Ժһֱ죬Щۻ£翵̣ڣȴץסš
þˣͻȻվζԸԣȴԽԽã
جج䣬֪˯˹ȥ
ҹ˿˿ƣһˮӯУ
ɽ֮Уңһִϥ䣬³
ɣ˵Ժ˲پƣôȥϢҶĻ
˯šң
Ҷߵңԣ¡ǺɫģҹҲǺɫģ󣬱˸ߵҰݰڽҹɫҪʮֳضſܿ
ȥɲ֪ң᲻Ầ¡ңͷҡҷݣ۽Ạ̊́һ
Ϊλô룿Ҷʵˣˣһֻ㡣
ңԣЦҡͷ
ʱѦһڹݿأˣѿҶ˵ţҲתͷ죬ĬƬ̣ǻʵʱɡ
ңѹͷȥͳʡ
Ҷͳӣݵǰ
ңҡҡͷûнӡ
ã̧ͷ͸ۣ£ֻһԲ߲۷ָһ飬һ˿鲻ġ
㻹ǲǵãʶʱǿ˳ۣҶȻڡ
ңһףĬһʵ㲻ϲ
ϲһ顢Ƶˣڰǰ·ƽ̹辭κβۡҶΪˣ𶯵ۣз˱ܽ壬˭֪ڰϮܳܵģԶ뵽Ҫࡣ
ңȻĿˮ䣬緢΢΢
֮һˣƩǧ֮ľ֮һ֦ԲҲǣҶ˵ţתңĿᣬң·ԣʧġ
ңԣ
ҶҡͷһЦһжȥҪҲҪԼ˵·᫲ǿԼ߳ͨ;
԰գ˶٣ԾЦ٣ۣ𣿡
ң⻰һ㶣Ťͷȥ
¹ʼʣĲݼ˵ӰҲʧɫ۵ףʡ


342 . ܴҴ
ҹ, ѩһգǻɳӣԶ
޷ھʹ, ΢΢, ȴһԵĵ, ͷ
ôˣǿʶ˫ۣüʵ
æǰ, ᣬ, ², ǰӸˡȥȾɡ
˵ʲô޷л⻰, ͷ, һַŶͷ, һ֧ŴؼֱӡӶڵٳٵĴǰ
˵˵Ҫɱ, Ͱˡ
ʱ£޷Ǵ󾪡
üˡš컹졭Ĩһ, 
һôá޷Ƿҡͷˡ
˼Լ׹ô, ֶʵڻ˭⣿
Ǹҽʦ, Сӵĵ, Ժ, ҽʦ˼⿴šֲҿŵͷ, ӡ
޷, ü˼, ͷˡȻȥϢ£һᴦ
岻ͷ˳ӡ
ȹرյ޷˿ߵ֣߬ȭ
ʱһȥСԺ֮У¹µӰҲ𽥶ƣǽͷʵĹλɢ䵭бĹӴ϶ȥ
ˡ
޷ǻѣ߽ԺðҩһƼЦǰˡǸСѾͷأôûúź򣿡
˭޷ü
ǷߵǸѾߣ⼸տ㡣
ǿ̫߳ˣͶ֦ͬĻҵ޷ǽӹҩһĵ
⻰ͬ˵ĸ飬ƺãðɫζ
޷Цһ˵
ѹѦׯ£ѵ϶˷˴ûð˵˵һ룬ͣסԡ
޷Цʵģ
ðҡͷЦЦָָ̧񷿷򣬵
޷ǲɫĽŲΪ˵ˣһ̾ˣԴ˼һбƿеһ֪·˲ݵĿܣȴ޴ֻ̡
ǰ޷ǿ۽ɽׯӴֱ߽ڡ
ٳŲͬһֻ˾ӣվ˵ǽߣƼ㶡
ڲգͷ棬̬ȫޣ޷Ϸʵ񣬼Ǳ¶ţ㡭
ǸʲôŭԹ£Ūǣ޷Цһң
㡭㶼֪ˣٳٻع̽ӹĻ硣
֪ʲô޷ǹȻ飬Īǣ㻹Ҳɱң
Σ㱾͸ٳҧгݵ
޷ЦԣƬ̣ȻγХ£߽
ٳɫףЩվȽŲ
ؽţ޷ǵתһ˵ݵǰЦЦȻôҸᡣ
㡭ٳٲ֪㳪ʲôϷԥãֶὣȻûüȴɱⶸ
޷ХµϣתĶϱһĨ⡣
ѾԾδܱ⽣Ƥۼ˿ڼѪ㣬¶⣬ȴ¶ֻװЦֻŵ˵ˣһûء
㡭ġٳټ˵ʹ˵
޷һҡͷ
Ųð˽ס֣һշްնţĪ嶯
ٳٲĿˮ䣬ͣ˿ڣѪˮڣ۳ɳһʺˮ飬žһڽ棬˳Ѫۻ⣬䡣
޷ǻսת߳񷿣ͷҲء
ٳ˫һ̱ڵء
һΣû˹ϲ񷿵šҲɢȥ
̲ס
⣬ͷߣɫĹ쵽ǽţʪ̦޷ͥʯԣӶӰ޹⡣
۽ɽׯˣһ̣ȫ뿪
һϷȴ֪Ҫá
һƬ磬ԽеȴʱһϤС֣޷ǡ
޷ͷһƳĨٻӰһʱס
ң첽ǰһͷС
㡭û˿ɣ޷ǻ§ʶһѡ
ңҡҡͷ¼Ѫζüһ̧۳˺ЩǲǺۡ
û£޷ҡͷȨ֮ƣס
Բ𡭡ңԾº²ѣұñķӡ
û¡޷΢΢һЦḧͷ˵Ҳǻúվ𣿡
⼸һֱڸʱʱ˽Ҳңס֣˿һϸһպѪɫǼôȥˣҵӰߡ
ֻһ˵˵޷ǳԺŬŬ죬⣬°ˣȫ书ĹȫߣɲС
ң΢΢ü֪Ӧ԰ôصˣٳ
ˡ޷ǳɵֻǣҲ̫㡭
ȥң֣
޷һףǣңߵ⣬ٳۿնϥڽ䣬һԹŲ֪壬Ծȥ̾˿
ң
ٳΣȫûȷӦӣָָң
ңٳԾɴţ㼴ɿ޷ǵ֣ż˽ȥٳٸǰƳ˿ڣɫӻҳҩָպţԼĶǵѪۼ䡣
᲻ᡭ̡ٳ
ģ˿ںǳܿܺáң˵
Ҳ֪Ϊֻ̿Ǹжٳ˲ٶ
Բίˡң̾ϴܹ֣Ҳлһֱ졣
ٳ⻰޵ԽӶʼŲŲ̣Ҳ
ٵȵȣЩ£ܿͻȥġңḧٳٺ󱳣ȴۡһֱӿ
ҡǰôԴǡȴϾҡٳҡôܡ
ңݸԾ᣺ĵЩ£ҲǲΪ֮к˭Ըˣ
޷Ǹֱڲ⣬⻰΢΢һ
˳ʱ龰ʱң۴⣬ȾףֱֱӲڡ
̶࣬ѿɣϳ˹
ҪһҲò£Ӳд尾գȴػ
ңٳ٣ͬһͻطУ߳źƼ޷վ£󲽣˹ȥ


343 . Ҷ
, ˤˡ޷ŵýŲӭϣס, ˵
ů⴩͸֦Ҷ, ǵĹ絤, ڶǳɫϻԵͼҲͣסҶҲҡΡӰ, һ, ʫ
, Яվ£ʷŷ, ̸ֻ, Ů鳤, ֱͷб
ңǰȻ˻, عͷȥ, ȴٳһţͣǰ
㡣ٳٵ£һֻƵɫҡ
ң΢һ, Ƭ̲Žӹ, Ǽ, ֻᵽһ㡣
ллһ, д㵡
ʲô, ֻܱܲƽ˵ٳٽָ, ԱŤ, ͬҲãңʲô
޷վһԣ⻰ܾζֲ֪η
һúղصġңٳչգתݲǽͷ
İ£Ѧδݡһٶڵļ˸еϢʶ뵽ӦڳıС
һ̽ɣȻеڶΡ
ȻֹЩӣѦˡ
죬ֵ磬ҲԺУһŲװģ
ҿٳץһֻյ˹ȥģ
ͲΪԼǣϲءЦһӹһĨмתߣһһͬԴףúʰʰԼҪǸˣģҲ³ˡ
˵⻰պߵѦߣɫŲæһӣ糾Ů͵ͷ˿Ѧɫ¶ԽɫȴǲŤ֫橶ȥ
ٳתߡ
Ѧݲȣ߽УƼ޷ԣָĿ
ҸˡѦߵǰ
ˣ޷ʵ
гκշתϵһĴɻɱ顣Ѧֶ֪Ѱ˵ı²ԣû£ʰʰ̣ǰ
ð޷ڴӦ
Ӧõ죬Ѧߵϻһ¡
һʲôˣ޷Ƿ֣۳Ц常ԹûħɱŮ𣿡
֪ͺá
ǾͷٸҼʱ䣬Сͷ޷ЦЦ
Ѧ񿴹⸱٬ģԣֻǵ˵ͷת߳ȥ޷ǵЦҲѦ뿪˲ʧ޾
վ̽ͷ㼴˵죬ȥӽ
岻շԸ˻ٳתãȻΪҪȥң±˰첻𣿡
õԸķӶԸң޷˵꣬תЦɻãͬȥҰ
ʲôٳһ㶡
㲻Ҫ𣿻ѵãΣɾûˡ޷ߵԺǰͷһЦ
£ǽεĺʱڡԫȴǼҼһŴգдн
ٳ໥һ·˲۹⣬Ծһ¡
Žʱ˵˼ңŮģ޲һʮʱţٳƳһһͷǰе޷ǣ㵹ãߡ
õģ޷Цһ⣬Ҳóҷϣᡣ
ٳͶһۣδٿڡ
ᣬͷٳһ䣬޷һ䣬Ȼڣмȴһ¥ݡ
ٳ뷿УſĿͷڷ£ûñ죬һʱ˵
ҡ⴫޷ǵĻ
ٳٵ
޷Ŷ룬ɨһۣǵðʲôǲɻרŮ֣òҵն˰ɣ
ô֪޷ߵ߲鿴ĵǵˣ⡣
ʲôٳٻʧɫվӲ𣿡
Σɫôˣҵ𣿡޷ǽĴһͷЦ
ʲô˼ٳʵ
޷ЦȴȻš
λ͹٣ʱȣҼҵģԺ󣬿ǧˡ⻰㼴뿪
ŲһһǳƺǸȳӡ
޷һﲻת߳⡣ٳʶ쳣æܣŷ֣ѱϡ
˵Ź㣡ٳٳ⺰
ƻߺԽ죬ʼղˡҹһѪ𣬷}ˡ
ٳٱͷڴǣȫҺۡ
ӣΪʲô˵ֻ˵һ밡ãȻ޵Ǹʲôˣ
ңҲ֪ٳҧҿʦĻ˵ûֳˣһӹ¼ҹˡ
ƲƲ죬ͷ˵ȴȻһ춯̽ͷȥݶһѳҼƬ׹䣬ŵüһشǡ
һЦųͶ˸ǰðž⣬סٳ٣û뵽пͣҲôÿ˶
ҹԶЩٳŵɫɷףߺ޷ǣȥˣҳ
߿ͷȴӦ
ǰĲɻȴ
˵ȴӲֱͷȥȴһƷڵءɫؾٳòԣˡ
ٳٱ㲻ôˣͱ˵ڴϡ
׼һ׷Сȴһƣڵء
в֪ʱһӰһϮ£һѪӳͫȴȻ࣬ûаа
ٳٲ𣬿Ŀס
ûϣңǰãü԰գ̧˶š
ڵϴ˸Ҳսƴܡ
ңߵ߿һۣȴû׷شߣٳٵӣϸһ㻹ָأǲǴȫ̼ƻ𣿡
ʲôƻٳٲ
ңԣԹԽͷٳɣ鷢漴һյˮһҩۣݸȺҩѹѹ
޷أٳһˮһʵõģ
šңЦͷԼ常Ȳȥˡ
ѦҲˣٳٴʧɫǵڸʲôã
֤ѽң˵ţӻͳһذס
ŻκСʱ˳ıϵһŮӣذס
ٳͫ׼һѱڴϣһؿڡ
ŵתҪߣȴң˻ǿй»˿ľˮ漴γٳؿڵĵģ漴ǰȡ¹ϵﳤȥ


344 . 
ʱ, ޷Ѧᣬ˵Цƿţڿߡʬ塱, Ц̡
Ѧ̧ۿ, ֮̽ɫ޷ȴɫ, ǰڡʬסԣϸ쿴һ, ΢΢ӡһһǳ, Ǹˡ԰, վ߳, öȥ
, ܻϲѦһ¥, 䡣
ǰ˸Ҫɱҵ, ˻޷ǵ
޷ȥԺ, ƹĽлƶÿһ˶ǰ˼
ûһ˵ĽŲһһء
Ҳ˵ŵǸǵĻơ
Ѧû޷ʲô, , һ, ǸĽŲ
޷ǲ, Ѧ׷, мֳ
ѦЩ, ˲, ڻǸˡ
޷һ·ݣڻҰһƬéǰͣ£һĬǰ˷š
ڴһһصĽŲ
ܿ죬Ŵ򿪣һС͵Ӱǰ˼Ŀ죬ΣʵǺˣ˭
޷΢΢Ц㡣
ʲôƳ䳤ɫԿֻš
˵ϵһλɻŮӣɱ޷Ŀɣ½ոյУ׾Ů˲ңʸ£֪ôһ£
Ҳ֪Īҡκˡ
޷Ǵӻ۴˵κʮˣشʿںϵһܣŮɱӣ޶𳤽ָκݡݣأʮˣɱʮˣλŮ֮ꡣо֮ӣ顣˴ҲãӦˬ
׳ۣéﶥˡéݣʱȼһ𡣻ӳУһϮʤѩ¡
һȻ
Ϊȫ壬Сڣ鳾ࡣһǾūա飬Щ;ģãȻ޴롣
һأվڴ˴˪ѩȻһ²Ⱦ˳
㡭Ǻˣ֪ô£κ̿ˡ
Ǭָ£޷ǣ굹һʱϳҲݷɽ˴ɱ
޷ǣǾˣ̩ɽӢۻϣµһġ罣κתܣȴһնСȣڵء
罣⣬ƮȻɣо֮Ƿ켫
ǰɱ֮֮ͨͨ
ġһ硱
ȱѵδ
ֻշת;̫ãֱһ̣һرġ
Ѧϵʱ޷гպûκĿڣᴩظอд޽ɣҲ޷ʹ֮ػꡣ
һ𷢳žéﶥǡѦ߽һ̣һ죬̮٣ڻ֮УΪһƬ档
ɱѦʵ
޷ǲɫƿʬףսһۣûκζı顣
˵
˶ӯʲôģ޷ǵοɱҵӣŮô𣿡
㲻ٳ𣿾ҲΪ𣿡ӳѦ۵ףܸ˫ɫʡ
Ҳ޷δȾһ˿Ѫ֣ʳָԼգҵҪ
΢Циһ˿мһ˿δȫϨĻ磬͸ѣ⣬һȦڣȼճɻңһɢ¶ͷࡣ
֮˸й㣬·ԶϨ
ѦӰԶ齥𺡣
ߵٳˣʱ͵ܲҩ֮ԼhĽͣ˰ʱŻعζ
̼ٳĿԾЩͣһΪһΪ
ΪҳԷɴףⱨ𣿡ңЦʡ
ǡˡʣµô죿ٳ㶵
һȥӦң˵ţȻסһŤͷ⿴һۣŲ˵ջʱҲõ˰ɣ
䣬һŲ̧һ
㣡ңϲ֣ǰӵ
΢Ҳ˹
̡壿ңϲô
ǹ˕FҵɱУ΢̾ϧˣһҲˡһҲãҲǣҲᷳ
ЩӣǶģңʵ
ߣҲŵط𣿡΢
˵⻰һң벻˹ңɻã
ʦң̧ۣȻƼ庮¶˳
ʵڵİΣܻɽԮ˭֪ɽ΢ңоãȻ֮ɫ㼴͵һˣʮ㣬ȥ
ңһɣɿ˫ȥֻƼһī긾ڳȳڡ
ǰˣһ㶡
ףʶң˼ת˲ص¥ǳ衣
գ޷Ů̻ŮӣȻ衣
ǰ֮òһޡֻǰһλü۸༸ֲɣ༸ơ
ǰסĸңȻ
ӢԲɫߵǰ˫ַͷϸ÷񡭡Ǻ񡭡
˵ػỶϲﺮЦţ˽
ţǡңôϤףһʱ֮䣬סˡ
ֲδֻΪŮж涾ʮաﺮ޷ɥĸһֱ跨ⶾѰ⣬ԼϢ˥΢˸ﺮǰ꣬Ůڻԣȴ徣һֱտãΪĳ֣ҵ˴˶תѡ
ȵȣղ˵ķң󾪡
ԣǸӵȷ޷ǵһ٣ûܻɷȴһֱֽصüáѦΪȰŮֻܼﺮȻЩҲ֪
ңͷ
ô֣ٳٱȳ⿴Ѧǲǿˣ
ҲѦӢһۣ˭
ҽٳ١ٳӲ
ϱӢü΢
ҲǣǣٳٻæͳչָңҺûκιϵʲô£ǧҡ
ңԣһЦ֮ʣеһЩء
ǰæһ̡
߳ҶƳüһʵⶫֹһ
ңʵ
Ǵξʱ򣬴㻳£ɣ䭿һֱ˻㡣Ҷͳݵǰ
˵ȥĶˣԭšңϲ˹һһ뻳С
ţңȻ£תﺮʵôˣɻã
ﺮһɣ̾˿ãѰȥסһˡ
ֻҪû¾ͺáңͷһȥһˡξǣѦ޷ǡһڹݣ̫Σˡ԰գ嵶ţǣһƥ׾ԣӱޣɳ۳ȡ
ͬʱԶǧ֮⣬פأߵ⣬ʯڴղޱĺεģøһŻҪߣҾʹĺӸļޣȺͶ˵ɱˣԺ󣬰ӷڳʬ
ǹ֮ԣȴ˵úһ㡣
ͷ˵ģһƽ԰գչһЦ߿


345 . 
, ġðһֻɵɲߵԺʯǰյ, ȴһŲ
΢΢̧, ֻƼһͷĻ, ֮ͦƿľդţ
ɫɴĻǰ, ڵʵʵ
ð²ҽģ
涾, Ŵ˼λҽ, β˿ڣǸŮӵ
ûнҩ, ֻжҩðһ, ȴ˺
Ůѷɿγ彣, ͦ
ǰѽðպϵá
ǾഫԨ
Ǻ, 콫
޷ǻص, Ը˷֣ߣɱۡ
ս˵, ޲˷ӷԸ, ȻΧԺ, Ѧ񰲲еѷ֮һһ, ҽá, ת˲լԺ
޷ڷ, ɫ彣ӳ, Х¹⻪תǹѪζȴ֪ԽŨңôҲò
˽Уɱ类ѪȾһ´磬ԨeȴֻʬɽѪǣҲϴˢǰ£̶ȥǻǰƮԶȻ޴档
ҹո아͸롣Υգ䣬ڳͫס
ǰԺɱȻԽԽӿУȻѦ˵ˡ
޷ὣţʯȥǰԺĿѪ⣬ɱЦҡͷ
ֱʱ˶ʹ䣬ü޻̡
Լˣ֮ͨܵͤҲɱɣΪܿʱ
޷ݲǰ콣ɨһǡΣ¥֮ƣС⣬½磬Я֮ɽӡ
Х¹תƲһǳɣ˳֮Уƿһۡ
һѪ⽦꣬ʮ㡣
Ӣۻ˶µһһϵĻƴֻǲ֪µһµһ˭ʤ˭
˵⻰Ҳ죿޷Цֱ˫Ŀ̬֮ԣεԼҲǵ𣿡
ʹˣʲôǵˡԪ㻺εָͺñڣҲǵΪҪվڴ˴
޷ǲԣһ̶ͦХ½һוּһֱϳա
Ԫʱб񣬵ס
ʹӰӿˮྪ衣
޷ǲ飬һǡơһǡӰסԪǰȥ·ʵ֪ſɻǵãµһ֮
ҲԪ
㲻Ϸ䣬֪¡޷ǵԸһʹɣҽҽΣֻش
Ԫ㵶ƶתһƣֱ޷Ŷ
޷˿벽ὣ⣬˵ƣַҪƴһҲǻá̰ͼĺȴΪѦ֣ˣϾ·
ԪɫԽ죬аһɼΪǿƵھԽͬѰ˫յͷն޷Ƿֻǵڵأʱѿһۡ
ϡǵãԪȻȴд
޷¶ʱȻ
˾Ϊϲһ㣬
һͣҪЩ޷ЦһȴֶһˣһֻƼһ˰̺۵ӳ
¡
˭޷Ǵδۼˣ˵վٵ
ٳٶ£Ҳϵá
Ŷ㣿м㡣޷ǲΪ⣬ȴȻһڷлУαƽ
޷ὣƣƳ£լĲյİɣʲô
²ԣ˫ֺյ
޷˱ܣɫء
˽ԵڤˮڹͬʱǷҪɡ
޷ǻ˽
ԪԸƢԭǲмСġȴ·
Ĳ㣬Ҳ
޷ݲ콣߱ʣд⣬ƲȥǰЩӽƫʱݱ壬
ԭҲˣ罣̫֮ʫ⡣һϦɶɾӰ޺Ϊ£Ϊ¹£ȥɽˮ֮䡣
ֵ׽ƣ󿪴ϣ÷衣
Ԫ֪ǾУȫ׼ǰ̩ɽϣѴԿӣһһʽϰһײ֮
޷δȫʱˣҲδڤ֮ˮ
ڴ·Ҫɱ˵˼ƣԣֺ壬ϵ޷졣
޷Ϊȴ¶ţƴ˶ǰأԼҲۡ±Ǹ͵֮ˣҲԶ׽Ѳ
¾Խգͥʬᣬǲҡ
޷½ƣȻ콣һ룬ֶתͷбһ뻡Ƕȼ졣
Ρ˾ϣһǰƣһ첲һƬѪ⣬ɼǡ
ϱ޽⵱С
ǰʽѱǱ㻻һ·֮ƣȫƾСִҡ
Ρǰͬһһһһأٶ޳ܵĹһ꣬Ÿչ֮ĺƣ龰ȹֿЦ
޷ǾȻӽжԪΣȴҲɱܵһѪۡ
㱼䣬ƻصһսһ ǰʹҴѧҲĵ׳ϣţȱŷ磬ùС
뼰˴޷ὣȴһУ滮һȴּתֱ£̶ֱšֵʽԽ䲻⡣
˲ܵļƻҲ©ñճ岻ΧңҲñȶԪ¶ȫ׼ȴȻԤƵʱڽ¡
ֱͻһơ
޷쬷죬֪ԾɰѦƣ͵ŻѪͬʱһǰһ󣬴¡
һʱʹһƺߣὣ̳ܲˣûԪšһգ۵ĹڶԪĿнδعĵڣ̵תֻѦ񲱹
Ѧ̰Σ˿εһ޷Ǳ󡣶ԪĵѪ䣬һ͸Ƕ
޷ǿ̾ʹһбնڶԪǰ
ֻһУƴȫֱع顣Ԫ㾪ۣͫױѻɢ޷¶Цͽסµ棬ı滮Ѫ⣬ֱӰε˳ȥȴʹʧѪȻǰԵֻԽأ֧ΣڴŴ
ԪϢϣֱһس
һ̰١³Ҳʵʡ
޷һŲ󿿽ͷһȴְַֻҼͷ
һǰδеľʹ羭ȫ۵ʣ󣬻类ɣͨ徭ƴϾϢ֮͡
޷һŻһѪ
ǿϧѦĻƴӢţҪΪһŮԻǰ̡һ书ϣ³ѰԻҲ硣
޷ЦЦ񣬷̶
ѦȴŲæһǰ䣬޳Ǿúšϧʱ򡣡
Σ޷ǵĻ
ҵҪ˴ֻδ㡣ѦĿܣĹ⣬ԶҳҪֿɻڣ
޷ԣһ
ʱңݳţֱһƬǵصѪϢæԺС
ѳһƬǽ塣̾ܽԺУ޷ǵ֣ȴûκλӦ
޷ǣԺԽƣȴڿǰԺһǵХ½ʱס
ˡңپǰһƬڣڽԣᡣ
ŮһԺǽңԣȥ鿴ֻƼ˵˷Ѫ̱ǽǡ
ңסĸ첲Ƿŵ书ȥϺߵǧѦ˵ҪġıǶ·յϢͻɱš
ȥң˷⣬ɫᶨ
Ѧ·Ӣ磬ڴϯһӢۻʱ䣬һڽҴеĺûᡣ
ﺮѾ̣ӹݸϻѰ֣ٸǧȥǧѦһܣΪʵ޷Ǳɡ
ö񶾵ļı޳ܵѦ
ң߬ȭ

ԣ
ͻȻº÷̰϶һʮ꣬Χһʮͷˣһҩ 治ǿʵǵˣå


346 . 
õĴ, ȴ֪죬գǰɫ, 쳾, ⡣
Ϻ֮, θ߷ա˳һһĴϰʯ, ˻տˮƮӨɫĸĭ, ѩ
ɰʯѻ, ĿΨж洣һŲ, ΧǽȦһԺ, ·һɳ̲ϵĹµ, Ŀ
ÿ¥ݽһͭӣʵǧӡһϺ, ԺǨ, ֻһһš
࣬Ƭ˴, ᵭ, ¶ɫľƶ, ˿˿ư, ֲڵļ, ܷ˪ϴ, һĥƽ, ǳݣ߲ѡ
ңϵߣԺУδվһƬźʤģҲݡ
ǰѹѹһƬˣҲ塣ĵһƬɫǽ糱ˮһ㳯ӿ
˶񣬲ɫ񳾱
£¹⡣
޷ǣң׿㣬Ǹ֡Ϣһߺƽֱ͵ɸ߰δ
޷Ա˵غ󣬱㳹Ļ䣬տǽǣѻСϰ䣬У֮ͬëǡΨһ̵ܹı书
콵书ʧֱ첻Ӧеصز飬ҲţҲ·
ֱԼĶ䣬һµӵײײߣַŴʹ̽ӣȥԶԶƳĨ챻û˳Ķɫ˲佩ԭء
ôˣ޷ѡ
ȻһϺ֮Ѫ֮˵Ӱ׺ۣǧ֮£޾η
ȴֻܵһãͬ
ңʲô޷书ʧϢޣѽ˻񺰣Ǳɱ볱ˮİû
ڸߴ£ֻһɫСںѹѹ˺д󣬼ձ˺û㾰Խƣȥȴƫƫ书ʧϴǣˣһʹ
޷ǣҲʲôҺúôǱ𶯣ĵңңӵնһͷ­ߺ
˳ܼ·㳲ϣŸʽıһһңңպᵶʯƾȻᶨһȺأƻֺꡣ
޷˿ﲻæֻһУ֪ڴǰע
εºܣķ¸ҵȥгУȴ֮ؾԼ
ʱ⣬çײմΪΪӪȴܴ죬һꡣ
޷ǿᣬֱ򣬾̽鿴Ρ
ң̧һƳƼӶӴ̽˳üߺˣȥһҲͰ𣿡
޷Ǳһ㵣ʶȥ
ңԼĻ㲻ٶԣŤͷٴչ˳ԾһƬ·ԶҲɱ
⻹ûˣǶ𣿡ң޶˶ݺѪ˿սкᵶ£ֱһǡϡ˳
Ȼһ̣µĴֲȱڣΧס
Ѧ񡭡޳֮ͽΪҪЮ
ң壬Ըȴ˳ӵ£ǰá㣬ֻҧأһᣬ԰ǰЩϺзĶһɱһҲգһ¡
޷ǣãȻһĻȻ㯡
µ񣬵ӦԼ˵Ļһ乬ӣֻǸų졣
ǽججȥ̱ڵأããȻŽ䣬»ֲ̿ѣˮ翪բһ㣬ôҲղס
ֵ̿ģԼĵϦ¥±û˳ģϵܷƽ뿪˵ء
л㱣꣬һңʱΡʱ̹ʣ˿η̻¶㣬İǰ¶ӣδ
ɵһж˹;ٳ·ֻܹصȴȡ
޷ʹԼãƫƫʲôҲˡ
ʱսֹݣЩǷ·֪޾ǰ˵£Ҳ㲻ֱ̤һʬѪ·ͷӬһûͷûԳң
ңȹȾѪкᵶѸ裬ӰȻ޷״Ȼûɱȴֱ˺ƻԭ
޷ǵĴδңȴԽ꣬ﲻĵĴֱ֣ˡ
ȴʱһֻסնһѴ󿳵һƿ
ңȻȴƼһߵ
ˣĪѲ磡
ǰңһʱδȻһѶ̵ֻ֣ʣ硣
ңȻһ£˫ײҲֻһ˲ĹǰѶ̵͵ľ֮£ѳƬɢʹ֮ҲɳȥײһŴ֡
򲻴ĪѲЦеϷպпաЩԹͬҲ޶ϵպ㡣
㵲ţȥ˰ɡ
ӿ˺ĪѲһסתŲ֮ߣ˾̾ӵȴݲȡ
ңܳлתЯȴһŰӵ׳һ㡣
أңһֽ̧ǰ
Ƴ嫺
˵书һ£Ǳͳһѵ֡ңһ֮һк档
ѦԼĴ᧿ΣΪλҪôڴ˴϶ˣбԵɣ
ⲻ֪Ѧھܻʱᵽһܽ㡣ԫذκ޷ǲٴᵽ¼䴫ͬ
ظ飬һǻѪηҲηءİ֮ݾ᲻
´ѶѦ޴ѡķѰĹֻ꣬Ϊ⽭ף˾ıĿգʹܵ»סҲֻ˺޻ᷭ
޼һ˫ˣ޼ǵķֱܲǰƾһǻѪҪھ߳һ·
Լ죬ȴƫƫҲõĻͽڣٸµˮ
ԲѦ˶һҪᡣ
ңԾһʹһǡϡơҡɽ
һ󺺱һؿڣӵɳȥײͭӣһ죬ǽڴѣӦ䣬˰ۣһغ
͵޷ǶСһ⿴ȴǴͭϾɸ࣬紵Ϻƺ˽࣬ôҲƲ
޷һȴ޼¡Ҳֻ߻ˡ
죬󺰳ȴ޼£һſӿϲʣСܷŭȴΪ


347 . һϲһ˱
ʱǧ, ңѴ˵㡣
һʹȭʹȹ˶ڣȴֻʱ, ˲ң, ܿ㱻䡣
˵, ңЩﶼŵһЦ
ĸ֪, õڣǰ, ǰŪԲһյĹ, ЩϺз
ңһѶϵ߷ɣײͭӡ
ǵ졣
ַʽ޷, ֪Լƽ, Ҳ֪Լ˶ٲ㡣
޷, ǿ¼ؽ䣬Ťͷȱؼӹ̵, ľȻ
һ, վߵű߹ŷ, ϸ⶯
ֹһ, ⴫
ͬʱ, ǧڵ¥ݼ䡣ңŶĳ, , ѱ¥
˼վʮʹǹ, ׳
ңһĳ, һ
ղŲʲӣȴû뻹ó
һӺ˼޷ǣͻȻ¥´һҺʱסˣżæվ
İ֮˵Ϥ
ңôˣűߣסϸ죬ȴֻܼı꽻
ȴÿһ̣¯֮ڣܼ尾
¥ңҲͬù
ͨխ.ǹֱ˻ߣûпյʩչṦһʱѱǹ
ңӳֱһ򢣬¥ݡ˴Ӿʮ¥ݷ϶ֱӵ¥ףˡһ죬ǵ޺ĻᶼûУϢ
Ҳ⵱ڣңһǹûпһվǰͷؿڣֱײȣƳȥ
ǹ׹¥Һϵ޷ľս
ʱ˿̣Ȼܹİ֮֮աڼȽŵǣѪɫȻȥò԰ֽ
ֲ֪˶ã죬һʱûܿס˫ַţʧޡ
ң硢СȾǹˣɫѪȾ죬һɾ񳾱ַˣ¥ȴɵۡ
һų.ǹټס
ʶսͳһöͭ壬ͭӣ޷ǵġ
޷ֻ书ʧֲͷشɳմɵ
ͭӣײͬһ졣
޷ǵķҵ·ʲô
ļ尾ȴ˫߳һ㱡¶ʼ
ɢĶˣһһշתػص¥֮䣬ƴһѳ.ǹټױ
ѪɫӰȺתɣƮ鶯Ṧƺó˼֡
ӴԺſڣһ·ɱ߲㣬ϷǹˣľѴˣʼеġ
⻹δһ㣬¥еˣʤ
ֹһʱ
һսȻûн
¥ϵ޷Ǿþûһ죬޷򿪴ʱǼ尾Խ̻Ѱ
һҺӰ¥޷͵طȻ䣬عǰ
տգľǽǰµӡ
޷˫ֺʮݵ档
޷ǣ촹ԸԴһңϾ֮ȥֻǣݵڴˣҲĸԸ԰գƴݣٶߵףͽ
ѳɷˣ˿ﲻֻܽһǻ⣬ԸͬȴԸҲɢǣ̣ңһƽ
Ȼ˵⻰⴫һҺ

޷һ۲ֹ˶ԭء
¥ذ֮£߲㣬ңһ˳.ǹᴩ䣬͸Ƕ
ңһšǸ˳.ǹƲϣ漴ְγǹͷһټױ¶ڼĲ
ǹͷаģֱӰټױĺͱ˸Դ
˵أظ˿ǣһȳһͭӣٹ졣
޷Ȼȴ޻ϲ
֪˳ʲôģֻ֪ƵԽԽ֮ͣ䣬ʱԽԽ
ңڰ˲㣬ǰһŵױ·ࡣ
һزǳ׼Ӳù£Ҳʱʱ˺ܵöࡣ
ۿʤ̧ͷϷں޷ǣ㻹𣿡
һ޷һ㱡ϰŻعæߺжƣңңǲˣ˵زأҶ˵˱ҡ
û¡ң֧ţȴʵȫѹϢĲ
εȾȴ鸡Ʈ죬Ȼᡣ޷Ӧһʱ֮䣬ͷŵף·ѪҺɱ
һ򶷾޷ڵ¥·нڶи
޷ǵҲŲϴĴҵĲ
ң޷ңͳĴϢҲҡٴˡ߰ɡһֵˡ
ߣЩ˺ҲҪȫ
ȴ裬󣬾
ˣҲˡң죬ҪһߡҪҲҪһ𡣡
޷ԣһı
ججУȻڰ죬Ȼ֮䣬ҲƲסˮ֮
ⲻ֪ңһº󣬾ƣߵͭǰײ
ô˿̣һƤ˫࿪ʼ
ңͭӣ֮Ϊ֧ţЪ˺һŻλվֱӡ
֮ͭϣλãһѪӡ
ң˫ۻ˿ڣʹֹűѪˮȾ͸ȹȻſա
һ٣úһȳһŲǵƵţȹմȾѪҷһĺۼͬīֽţŨīزʵһʡ
īȴʺɫ
һţʤȴԶʱȻһͷԵڵء
޷⴫֮һ㱣͵ͫ׽ͬһţ˫ȭס򣬴Ŵţ彥ѣȻڵأޡ
ȴʱһŷд˽
޷죬һ㶣Ծס
塭壬ǰҡη졣һ統ɽϣأ⣬óҡ졣
޷мοϲ־鴤ãʳһңңôˣ
Ƭ֮͸ŷ죬һֻȾѪֻ̽룬·ҵĲŷ˹ȥָ⿿£
ɾڶָ⼴һ˲ֻȴȻѣȥҡ죬Ȼֹ


348 . 紵ľ
޷һ, Ӻƽˡ
ϸķŷ촵ڣᣬϸĲ, , ɢ
ʱ·һ, ʱ⻯ƬһƬƬ۵ĵ, ķ
Ƭ̹⾰ǧ, Яĵε, ŸҲ粻ȥ
޷ǻſ, ȴκ
, ǵ, ǲҡ
ҳһ, ûκλӦ
²һ, ľĻźȥ
ңң޷Ǵ΢⣬һʱ֮䣬ˮ, һӿ, ݺύ, 
޼Լ, Լ, , ۵˹עһ, һҽ
޷ңǰһƬ軨ڴź˶ϣȴȻ⴫һȽĽŲн
һʱ֮䣬ԼĻþһ̣ǵصű㱻˴ߴ򿪡
޷ǽֱ̧ۣǰ֮ĿȻס
Գ˵书ʧߣ˿̾վǰ
ȴȻ˴
ɵվŸʲô߰ĪѲ粻Ǵ˵еľ֣ȾһѪɫȴɺȫ֮
޷Ƿɿعһ㱼ǰȥûżסһˤңԡ
˲ϻʹŲǰȥϸ鿴ң˿Ρ
ңڱ¥ݿڣɫҰף˫ĿգѪȾʪѽӣϡܿǻ
ȾѪ߬ġ
޷ǼϢһʱϲæᱧ
书ʧ˿ֻǸͨˡ
ͨӣҲԼӡ
ýҲ϶һ֮ˡްɫ
ң岽һģĪѲһʬ׵ķ϶䴩УƳ¥ͭϵѪӡǼһᣬ
˸˵ԺУȴƼԶӿ
ĺɱ޷ʶң˿һ󲽡
ңϢԻۣ
վǰŷȺĪѲ磬ȻЦԳ˵㿴ڵңҪ㣬ס
ɵϣңһ䣬΢ЦĿȻ˵Ҳ㻤
޷ǿЦã֪Ȼ¡
ңƹأУܿ˯˹ȥ޷ƣһʱû⵽һ෽ĺȻݳĵ档
ĪѲ缰ʱת䷭𿪴ˡ
޷Ǵ㵲ѣײײ˿ͷַ
ˣСɫһ㲻
ĪѲǰ·ͻΧеϣ˼ҿš
޷ǻң㷲ݣֻĪѲȡҩϣ˵ȫˣҲúø©˵꣬㼴˳ͷ
޷һӣĬߵߣң£ȡҩɴתѪɫһʹ
֣С⿪ңǰ̼մѪ
Һεºܣˡ޷ǿૣϸңϵÿһ˿ڣѹżᣬСҩаи
ȵһУֽѪı컻£ľ£ҵҪ׸ɾѸϣñǣֶŰڴߣĿתң㲵˯ݣѪɫԽԽ
ἣ·̶ϣסʡ㱼䣬£Լǰ˵ĻԼŵĻȫҲԣʹ̣ͷʹޡ
꣬һսΪӣ֮ϧпǻҲᡣ
벻ԼǴӺʱʼѱ˴ش岻˿ʲôҲˡ
޷ڴߣֱƻ裬ͻȻԣæ̧ңתѣæĨȥˮȻһſ죬ȴտյȫ֪˵Щʲô
ң֫˶ãֻǿתͷ濴ȻЦ
޵̫ãѷףһģʵϧ
㡭ôЦó޷ǳ˳ӣֱӣյԣһʵЩ𣿡
һ¡ңգգۡ
޷һ㶡
һ¡ңظһ
޷䲻ȴǸһǡ
ң⣬Ĵ
ֽ䲻ܶȴɨÿһ䣬˱
޷Բ˫޺һۣǲ⡣
滺ϢŲλãḧ԰׵գȻ˵ˡ
ɵϡңЦҲѵѦóѰ
ⶼӦõģұͲʲôˡ޷ȫ޹ʡ
˵˵ң۲ѣ˵ҵ޷ǣ֮ˡްĹ⡣Զõģ˭޷ȡ
ıˡҡͷʹǰһˡжĳŵ˿̸ڵң޸ֻ֮Ϊĸۡ
⽭նһҸǰ䷳һƣΪָ·ɶҳеУѪ֮ꣻ̻ٵأ֪Ϊȴ׷飬Թ޻ڣ٣ǰ·ãã¿ΪȴԸຣȫˡ
޷Ǿң˵⻰֪һ
ˣ֮һﲻֵãңݸ峺¡ӽ㡣
㱣ң޷ҡͷս֣£֪һĪǰûг֣ҽԻɥУ
˵±Ӹϴģ𣿡ңЦ
û޷ḧ㲲԰׵ݣЦҡͷ˵ҪŮء
ѦûҾֻһҲҪŵ죬ң¶õЦãֻصˡ
޷ǲԣֻ΢΢һǡ
ű죬޷ǻͷӦһֻĪѲƿţҩ˽
޷СңڻУӹҩһ״ԼĶιС
ȤĪѲп벻ԭ֣Ҳ˲̫ƽ˶һ˽ĴԶ
һΣöлǰȡЩ䣬޷תԣ۵ɲСǫ
ĪѲһ緢ƴһĻв¶ϧ֮ɫ
һƣǻϣǰ;һƬˣ˾أ
ΨΨŵŵηηβ΢糾
ĽѵȻ޴档岻꣬Ʈ㮻룬ΪѰһ簲֮ı
СӣϻؼʱϢȽӦǳĪѲĸпһһ˼޷ʵиӣڰ֮ȫָ벻
棿޷۵˲ȼϣĹ⣬æ˵ܵǰָ㣬Ը֮˶
ҲˡĪѲЦЦ˵

ԣ
ӣ޷Ǳĸհףˮᣬ´ϷһʮΣɽ£ǧ׷


349 . ⿪
Ұ缱, 籼ס
һϮһּ伲ۣര紵, 
һֻ˳֮, £, Ƭ֮󣬻ÿǰĻ
һϮ˪, ɫ¹⣬ɽ庮¡̶, , û˿Ц⡣
ԣң񴦾, ׶༪٣庮ü΢, ̾, ֪ˣұ㲻á
²׷, ѷ, ȳʵٶҲá񴵭ǰĪѲǰ޴󰭡
벻, , ңѾôࡣ̳п, ΪѰԨԴ, ΪĴߡ, , ȴȱϯ, ʵǡ
ԣü΢΢һڣȴǰдһХͣ¡
庮üͷ̶ˣҲ̽ͷȥֻһŲµּ߳һĨӰɫȹ
ƽؾͨͨףȴ̲סϸŲۡ
Σ庮˼ͬʱһۣȻĳָеʮ־ȡ
ʦ˵ǲ׺ʦ̴һ
⣬³ͷιʩ񣺡񴣬ʹ
ؿһһµ庮µˣʵҪȥδ
˵סǰµһӣĸףԩԡ
Ѿͷ֣ǽңεҼ
ʲôһۣ졣
ԶһԴԣһشأڱ̿лûֲͬ״ʱӯʱء
Ưƣ޼ҿɹˣҡҡҷҷ֪ε˶ãŻͣפ
С⣬ͯ໥׷֣һ·ЦԶȻ֪δһ󹷷ͣŵЩӷ׷׿ؼҵķȥ
޷ǱԺ͵ŻһѪɫҰֽ
֨ѽһң˵壬һַǽһһģż
ôڷϢ޷Ȼףŷ֦ܵҶͶڵϣ߲ҡεӰӣԾҧ
ңһԲֻĬĬߵָ߬ȭָ֣ظָڣ
ǾӰ涡޷ǽҽչۿһ죬ӵ뻳С
ģң⣬ߣ˵۷£Ҷߡ
޷Ǳ˫ۣͷ۽ǵ᲻ܿƣٴӿ˳
о˵ӷ΢΢æɿ֣ᱧͻطУȴңҡҡͷЩһֱ̫ˡɹɹ̫
޷ʮص˵ͷתߵԺʯƵԣС£ʯϣԼԣڲ鿴ơ
㲻Ҳûԭ𣿡ңᣬҪȻ죬
޷ĬĬҡͷһԡ
޷ǡңۣգ˫ĿԾһ˿еĵӶѹԼϡ㻹ңӽҶ뿪벽ǡ
ǧۿˣΪҡ޷أһξӨᣬմĽëĩңҲΣգȴֻվһߣʲôҲˣҲΪĸ㡭ÿһ˿ڣͬûзֱ𡭡Ҳ롭
Ͳ𣿡ңĴָȥ۽ۣۿ΢΢죬˵Ҫҡ֪֪ҶԣĹ⾰Ŀ֣ԶЩҪ㱾ҳеʲôֻҪߣһǣ㹻ˡ
޷ԣӿһůǹһĨ΢Цֱ˫˵û㣬ôϣ԰գӵ뻳߼˵ԭ͸㡣룬Ҷᾡȫ
ϸ֦ҶббǽǴУһ䲻֪İɫСӭŴ⣬Ȼš
ڱأֱ³֦ų
㿪øˡ
ֻѦѹ˲Щֻæʰϸٴγ
Ӣ϶һգѦһʰһʵ
ʮš˵
ʮգüѦһ汳߳ţһ˵ʱǵð°ƯЩ¶š˵ţ㼱Ҵȥû߳ȴײһˡ
˵䳾ңһ㼴ֵѦׯȥĶ
Ѧɴ˫ۣţ
ף𺣳Ժ̽ͷͥɾ˵ģհӢۻ֮ʮˣʲôҲû׼أ
˵ʲôʱѦɫ΢䡣
ʮ𣿡Իѡ
ֵԣӻޣԺɽȴֻǺš
ѦüͷܿȴչָԺڵ롣
ֺǺǿżѦ󣬶°ʹ˸ɫ
к𺣺ؾɽׯķҪԺЩɣͷѯʣȴһĨλεĵȻš
𺣾ﲻѣȻȴѲΪԼСʱ򣬵ȴһöʯӻУķѣɢƬһء
⧲һƨɵڵء
ǰ£ָָѦʵѦׯǡ
ѦûĻǶؿǽͷԾԺеİˡأòƽȴƫһڲͬϣҲŽ𺣵Ŀ⡣
λǺɵĸ֣̾ṦṦ
̤£˵ʵ
λŮ˵Ѧˣɽɵĸ֡𺣸п󣬷عתѦʵղׯϵĻΪζһӵ
ѦıϣؿǸŮˡ
Ѧׯղ˵ǳŮ˾ǽǶ£ȡһС
һʱ֮䣬ͥɽ軨ſˣѤòѡ
ѦȻɴ˫ۡ
ɲУһ̫֣ɲ羵Ӱ㣬ӡѧûӰͬȣΪ̫Уɸʱ֪޾޷˵ţǰһԹʩ񣬵ɽΣѦׯϲ
ϲѦ齩Ӳ
֮ɥ£ᱲ֮ϲ˵ţǹһĨЦ⡣
𺣷ӦҲԼ׹Щ㼴߿˿Сʵʹǳĳ
һԲתͷСš
̶˸庮˽
ʮһǰʹɽزҩʯ޽⣬庮µһʷ֪ɽڤˮ֮ס̫ãʴû御
ʹŮħͷ鲻ǳѦҲȰ֣ȴϡɽɾþ⣬»˽⽭ϵ£Ѧĳ˵˵


350 . ֻ
֪, Ȳ˵һָ£˵˵ɡ
ҵ⴫ٳٵ
Ѧ¶ͬʱɴ˫ۣȴһͷǵСš
ٳǣԺ, ɿ챼ԡ̧ͷ, ָֻŵڵϵ˵, ǰ֪ôˡ
󿴿ҿ, һŮ֮УֻԼһ, ֻڨڨߵ¸ǰ, ѣȴ, ͼμ״, ָ׳ʯѨ, ʹֵ֮صϡҲ룬ֱӽ³
ʮְ̺, ù, ١
𺣴˿ȻԣãڵѦ, ô˵ԴõľΪ
ǸոմҪɱǿѦ˵, ɫ˿¶, ǿ, ͼȻΪڡ
˵ǿ, Ǿ͵ǿˡε
Ѧɫ, , ʮ漴ӵ
Ҫ֣ҲС庮´˸ָ
ʮɽɵӷԺǽ£ڼΧ
ˣ񲻹ɣ𺣻ͷһƼⳡ棬һʱλۣƶ̾·Ů˱¡
͵ŮҵģҪ۵ġε
һ⻰æջĿ⣬
ɽˣһʮ庮Цͺñңڳ֮ˣһĶ֣
ʲô𺣴󾪣˵Ůɽ¡ϸһ룬Է˶ڣҹѣʵޱҪʱǳͻ
ѦɫԽѿ
ʱһ˹ô£ڵҪ𣿡
¡ֵܡһ۴լԺһ˵ȡ
Ƴ£סʱͣԭء
۽ɽׯŮᰣٳٿڵѦׯҵ׽ãݣȴ˽½ҵôвɱ˳¹ǰЩӣ編ƣ޷ǰϵһ׽òɻκɱˣŲвȡ
⡭д£𺣾
¡ֵԣ˿ԼѦԶЩñ㡣
磬⼸λ˭ѽ庮µˣʵ
ɽġ𺣹װһģ˵
¡һۣһ㶡
ڸӢۣǴظ붼ǰԵ˽գݳǣʱԺС
¥
úܳ٣֮ͬˣǽ
ǡѦһԭˡ¥þòš
˰ܲһֱô⣬Ըͷʱ򡣡ЦѦׯԭҲнա
󣬱һֱĴأòײﺮϡ
˽գܵ濴ѦԸͷʵʹ졣
ʹ˵֪һԺ飬ҵȶѾ룬Ƿ˵ˣʵ
æѦׯǿˣʱǲǸȼԼӣ庮µ
Ѧɫ䡣
ΥˣѦׯ˵Ŀ⣬ҶԺУǺЦɫȴʮĮ
ڳкü˵ĴƳǰѻ׵̱㷴Ӧ

Ҷ
ȻѦׯĶӣ
˲Сôиӣ
ҶЦ
ɣҲѺ˽
Ѧ񴽽鴤ֹԽɲ
벻ɣѷ񲣬ٺЦųһڣðѧգǸ޲Ķ
ðҲһѺ˽Ѻģ񴡣
µģĹϵĶҲµģһжѦׯ⣬޹ءðҲѡ
Ѧ񿴼Ľ򸾽ԺȻסð㲻˵Ƕ޽𣿡
hͷĻ飬Ѧ񣬵Ѧʦһû뵽Ҳöɣ
˭Ѧ񾪾˺
ұռռͣhҧгݣΪҸóָ֤㣬һʧٵĺϷҲɱˣ
ռͣͷȻǼԪ޵Ů
ǣhǻԭлмţϧگٱ٣ûܴ
ȥյѩԹߵ㷢˵Щ㿿Ľ໳п˳
Щ£Ƕ֤𣿡֪˭ڳн˵ƾ⿿⼸ν֤˾ָ֤ѦׯδҲ̫Ϸˡ
ͽϷЦôлɽϣƾ嫳һ֮ʣ㽫ʦָΪħŹ£ǲҲô֤ʣ֤ѦǸɥ԰գϣ׳һš
˷׷ȥӣмļ۽ɽׯ͵ˣԼǰ
ţһƬĬ
ãͷȿڣѦʵѦׯЩϵȷּѵˡ
Ůң¹ﺮ߽ͬԺкüͷɫĻ߸ں󷽣Ըָȴ¶ʥŮʥӤ
ģȻ
һߵԣֱˣ˵ĸ걻ɽ裬Ůȣӳ졣ȴ֮ķҸϳţֻܴҶɽ֡
¹Ӳ䣬¶öīӡץ֮ϾдӡҼǵãŮĻҲõͬīˮǶ𣿡
ѦԼ£˶˹ȥ
԰ͷһ򢣬·ԼܴƵģܹ֤֪޹ģŮɱˣʵɣ
䣬һ˻½շ¬ʤһԺߣһ˵˭Ůôãֻѧа
½Ůû˴󾪡
ǵøлݣһ½޵֣вԾ¶ЩźԪ͵ѧżҵĴɱˣ޻ңЩʱ蹫ңɽʹ֪ģܻܲɣ
⡭⡭˵ˣһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô
ιӲ¶棬зױţҪҪ½˵ţ׳һš
ݲ֮չգ̳Ĭ
˴ţԽԽ
ǡѾ޲̾ϧǿϧ
ǰ֮̾ʱҲңòԼɱˣ㳡棬治֪Ҫӹɽɵָժ
˼һúúõģء½Ѧׯһ壬µÿ涾ʹ͵Ŀ䣬˶Ԫȥˣһ书Ϻ֮ƵŮòȥˡ
ʲô˾㾪һʱ֮䣬
֡ѦԴ﷢սһȴѴǰӿԺУΧ


351 . ɫ
Ϲٵ, С
ĪѲǰݳ޷§ңڳڡ
ңƹأʧѪ, ÿնǻһʮʱ, а˾Ÿʱ, ʱ٣ֱʻӱ, ʼת
ڳ޷ǲƵ, һʱ鶯, ˫§Ĳӣһڡ
޷ҡͷ, תȡˮιˮ, СĨȥˮ, ӲøɾʵվΣкЩ
, صҲˡңĿ, ЦȻ
޷̾˿ḧգҡͷ˵ɵ
ͦõ𣿡ңЦϻ, ҲֲԿ鶼Ҫȥ, Ҳصߡ׻ʲô, ˲ģ
Ϊ˳, ҵȻġ޷гɫδ, Ҳ֪ҵĺ, ˲һС
Ķáң
˵, ֹ޷ǵĲӣУϸһȻ㿴㣬ӽ˺ö࣬ҿ۸ˡ
޷һЦҪбҲԸ۸᲻᲻Ҫң
ǣҿɲԶҪңգգۣȤ
̫޷Цţͷǰһǣһ˲ŤͷƿȥŴɿ컬󷽵֣ü΢
Ҫˣң䣬谵̫Զǧӫ֮⣬ͨ
޷΢㶣¾һӵ뻳С
ͣ£Ӣ΢ڳǰӦĪѲƿ峵ڵЦСӣ˭㡣
޷Ȳδ⣬ᱧң³̧ۿǰʱŷӦô£ԭء
ʲôСӢ˵ţ㼴תҪǱ㵢ôʱգѦˡ
޷⻰һ˲һί
ί֮УмοĪĵĳض˰̡
һ̣ɫá
ǰʱ½սԺУѦֵǿ̡
ԭԺߵԺн䣬̫Уʱ
ƴƴմգֻΪǸϡ
ѦΪңϺǧڣƼһ˲вιһ˿졣
ԾģǰӢĳ֡
ı㣬ѱʩչҩˮ಻ͣЩ˼ơ
½Ҳ˲ٺУ˫һ⡢Ӱ䷭ɣǻҡ
һսòٽ˾ԼûаϾ˭лῴɽɵŮ˭ܿɽʹͬʱ֡
ƾۣ
˵ԺʱսȻ졣̰Ѧ󣬽ӦĶֶƸ£ԼֻӦЩСɴϺзң״ƲۣȻǰ㱻޷һ˻ڻС
㻹ˣһ̣Թ߶޷ǶԣѲҪ
ںֻʣһ£Ǳң
ο׼ʱԾ˺һѦš˭룬˾˲ҪֱһԵð˳ȥһ
ðֻǸҽʦ书ܴػŻѪ
˶ңҧгݡ
޷§һʱ嶯ȥƴȴʱƳٳ٣ֻһذףһߵԥ˻ȥ
ʹ޴˱ĸףٰãȴ²˾ġϾ峣죬ĳ֣ҲԿһ
£ܿˡ
޼еӣ³ҵŮһذףֱͱ˺ܣʱѪɽٳȹϡǰһ÷
ٳپ˺ذѵأȻס죬ѹɤ˳
һս֮ȴǺ۽ɽׯ˶
ң޷ӵ䣬ȻԹһУȴʼһԲǶأܽѣԭǴµ֮ܺˡȴֻԵؼһսԹߣ˭Ҳû룬޳ܶ
Ѧһˣ½ն˰ڵءɥȻ棬ֱ˴󺰣Һ£Һ£˭˹ô£㣬ǵıӦ
ҵıӦңͷȼŭ𣬺ȻһѲ޷ǵ֣γ嵶ߵѦǰʲôӦҲȻǰͷ
Ů߳ǸԺӡѦŵƾ㡭ô֣ǸɣҲܡ
͵Ǹɣص·ΪңɫȻᵶָѦģ㻵͸ϵ³
ѦԣЦ
㵹˵˵꾿ôģң׶һ˴أɱ½Щ˺ļҸӣ޷ǣô಻Ը¡ôɥԣ
ѦЦնھҪǱ˵ķˡϷʣϳβ֮ǰٶһء
ƨȣѺ롣ٳзΪ֤ף
ѦٺЦˣ̰糾֮أֽԣѵҲҵĴɥĲ񣬶Ϻ֮·裬ֹҺ¡
ңûѻ˵ֱ꣬һţһбնǰۿѪ罦ֱǰ½ҧгݵԸ֮£統Դһ㣬Ҳǣ
ѦЦʱֱ񳾣һۡ
ֵܿһ£ͬʱһ
㺦壬ʹʧƽӵףң˵⻰ҲʼŲ֪ڹ
ѦЦøӿš
޷̲סǰһȴﺮסҡҡͷ
ңƣǹٵÿůȥֻԣݺڵϣٴõָʵҲ²£Ѧׯʲô뿪ٹʮأɽ𣿡
ΣѦס
֮ȷޡռɱ㣬Ҳ޷ң˵ţ˶٣ּ˵ǷˣԶֹһ
԰գչĿˣһ˵ҶԹҿɼ̣£иúһ¸ǵǸ˵еУһֶ©ھɱ㡣
ԣһƬȻ
СŮ𺣽ϰˣһʱûܸĹǧץŵģ㲻ɣ
˵ʲôѦзɭĹ⣬˻棿
ңЦԣʣתȺ
½աһۣɣȴǸ
˼࣬һҲѷɡ
Ѧ죬ʱ½չѦĳˣԲ½Ů


352 . Ԩе
Բĺֹңȥɣ½
Ѧվ, Ĺ£ѦĳˣԲ𽭹
ŭһ
ѦվԲԶ, ֱӹڵϻ˸, ˵Ѧĳ, Բӡ
ϧ񺭲֪ȥ򣬿ΡĿƽ, 򣬶ҲοЩ
˵⻰, Ѧ, üٿһγ䳤, סȥ·
Ѧ, ϥһ, صԭء
ңҵΪҪɱ常ὣָѦ, , ŵһĲҡ㲻̹ף̱ɱ㣡
ڲԶļh⻰۲΢΢һ, ǰʵӶ𣿡
Ťͷ, ɫ벱һӲ
hһ, ˶, 䲻֪, ϸ, ֮, ҲܹƶЩ
˵ʲôͫһ
û´ĻӦΪ˱¹ĸŮڶ֮ǰͨhдģǡ¹ײһȫ޷֮ġϧ¶ºӺ󣬻ûܱס
⻰褻ºȻҵĲҲղס
αѵһء褽һģЩǰԵԼһϣȡ
Ѧֻٳٹ£ƳԶ޷ǣȻסʲôҲû˵վһ˹ȥ
޷һľ
ѦЦ£ؿͻȻһᣬжǼգúءʲôʲôΪһ嵨ֻι˹ɣ
޷Ǵһ鴤
ң״üһ̳ȥ
ѦЦ˵.Ůӣ̰ɫѻ٣ϣкã
ңߵǰδվȣһ󾢷ӿ𡣾޷ǰγХ£һֱӽѦƷڵء
ŲһͣԥƬ̣ͣ
ѦȻ㲻Ѿ
ѱ书Ҳ޷𣿡޷Ŀֵƽֹܱ塣ĪѲδȫָԸ˵ѦҲ㹻
캦֮£㻹ò޷ɱԽŨңɲɱҸףҾ˸ܣݣٰĥж֮£ң֣Զ㶪ң㣬֮ˣӲġ
ÿ˵һ仰̳һӰѸâ¶̵ѦѪһ䡣
Ѧ̿Ѽô˿̣Ҳ˲棬޷ǹ£ͷģšѦĳ顭ȡС˵ĴС˵Ĵ
˵Щǳϴı޷Цֹһ̰Ϊһֽ죬ܲ԰գһɨѦ䣬һ˵ѪڣѦ
ң飬ʶ·𵱳ɲ֮ʱĦ޹У֮
һ̵Ҳ㣬˼ɢɿ
֮δԭȥ߻ħҩʯЧҲҽ
ļ£ݲǰҲ룬ֱӴӺǰһᴩѦ¡ȾѪ͸ǶɺճѪҺ˳ŵ⣬һһڵϡ
Ѧ˫ֱۣͷң
ֻӦɱ㣬û˵㶯֡ңޱ飬γ
Ѧ۲Ѫ˿ֱǰ˵ƺվǰ޷ͬھȴʱһӰ׵ʣֱĨ˲
ѪɽǽͷɺֱŻ
Ѧ˫ĿԲɣֱͦͦأĿ
ĸʢʫֵһʹ˶ȫϵһǻ̰£ɺޡɱ̾
޷ǼѦ񵹵أȻػ꣬˫ϥһعڵءֳһءŭ޴й浤Ϣұۣעڴ˽С
ֻһ춯ص죬Х±Ӧ飬Уǳ̱Ľɢضǡ˵ȣδܴ˲ƾűܣܣΨңһˣӭǰ䣬̶˺üۡ
޷͵ŻһѪһᣬպõңСңδͻȻһһȣֱӵڵأ˫ϥѹڵ棬ʹѡ
ˣ㲻ΥŵˡҶң˵꣬۽ǱƳѦʬһ飬ûԡָܻ򣬼ֱ췽ҹ̷
߱ӶȴҲʮĴ治֮١ڳ˶ظ֮η׷Ȼܿۿ
Ҷûж룬ֱת߳Ժš
޷̱ңУĿȻЦ˳۽䡣ңовıһֽۣӵ˼֡
ǰ£һ̣ڳ䶨۽ɽׯԺڵˣҲ½½˳СԺ
ǰͬң˵ɼе޷ɫҰף˼ʼջ㱣سãҡҡͷ˳š
ﺮԶԶŴ˾ſڣȴֻܷһ̾Ϣ
š褻ߵ󣬹ʩЩ
¹£ﺮʵ
һףֹ
ˡﺮ̾ԭ֮Ҳǡԩԩ
ȻĬãֻת߿
ֱ˿̣޷㱵˼ת˫ۣƳңϱХ²Ƭ˺ۣһʱֲ̿ѣָգۿʧԲңң֡𣿡
û¡ңɷ˵̽ƽȣһ
һŲ˼ͬʱ̧ۣǡһİӢ
޷ʶſڣȴǸֹںͷôҲ
߰ɡӢ鲻֪ϧŭ䲻ֻ̾˿ת뿪
޷ǲɴף΢أ֪ЩʲôңˣҲ˵ֻ໥վŲһŮŮ
ôˣңûͷӭĽˣЦŭɫ̱
һۣңһ֣ǰ֮£ҵ۲ʶ̩ɽð˹񡭡
ҵЩʣһ֪ŮпУֹʩ񣬵
ң˶һۣת޷ǵ֣˵ͬĸȥúϢЩ㡣
޷һףӻͳҩݸָᴥ˿ΧϧΣ˵ϻַ˸ҩɻϣȰ˿ڴã°̡Ȼҹⲻȥ
áңͷʣǲԾЦ⡣
ԵԵ˶գٶźҲϽβɢ
ȵﺮһзɫȻҹ
ңˣ֪һ£ϸδ˵鲻ԸԾӦԼϯȥ
ԹͷһصõЩ˵Ͽɣ˵ﲻмȴҲòӲͷƤӦ
ŮȥеȾյ۲ʶ̩ɽ˲鷳⡭
ô󣬱һһơҿɵ𰡡ңܾٱһлֱ˵ǣĨǣķ
ŮˬˡЦǺǵǰҼֵ³çðŮҾһ

ԣ
һѦΪʲôҪ̼ Ѿܴˣܿó Ѧ϶̵֪书صˣʱ̼һֻҪ߻ħҲҲãܹ׬һҷǷңңߣңң϶ҲùңңҲ˵úأϼˣΪѦ϶̺Լ϶ȥŮɱҲбɱҶȻȴŮ򹷣϶ָϣԺŮһҪöˣ׬һ


353 . ƺ
ңʮַܵͬƱյ, ĿȴԾбĵȻվߵͬ˵, չȥ, ʵ, ¡
˵ɡͷ΢Ц
ؽʹʪ֢֮, и֮ңʵ
ǵÿжˡ򣬡޷, Щҩ, ҽá
ỻ𣿡ң֮ߣڳ˶, ˭, ˭ɾ, Ƿ
ɫ䣬Ȼ
ô, , һɫЩûģҲվһһͼԲδʽ˭ȹ, , ٶı, Ŷú, ʱҪǶ, ճ
Ƭ, Ȼվ, ߵңǰִһγһѵת棬ң˹ȥ
һһ˵˵Ůֻ֣ܶ¾ü
ĵ졣ңְγ񳾣ϥնȥ˼״׷裬ȴ񳾵棬뵥ϥֻʱٿֹס
ڵ
Ǹҵң΢ˬյ嵥˵ҲҪȣֻҪӦһ¡
Ů˵޷
ǷһȣһҪӦң

պҪҪ㰰ǰЧͣңǷлҲǲ飿
ҡҡͷ
ԣһʱ
Ʃ֮£̴֮ڽ֪֮ԩδѩʱңΪŮЩɣȴһЦ֮֮󣬾ǳ˿ɱȡڳˣ޲Ϊ֮̾
ҲǷŮһƾŮǲ
ԣ׷׸͡
Ŵ˾¶΢Ц
ԽԽĸˡ
ǰϯ䣬Ÿ̸Ц
һͷ޷һصᣬط˯Ϣ
ʵ̫ˡ
ķ꣬һִͷһ⡣µ֮ӣһǵǱ
ˣֻӴһһΪ飬Ȼȹ㹻
˰جξѣĨȥһͷ亹Ŵȴ
ʦ֡⴫Ҵ˵Ҫ㡣
޷ԣüһ뵽ǰ֣оⶸ֣̿ȴӦһ³š
һء޷ǿżͥбɫµĻݣһ˲
ȥˡͷοŲġ
޷һףĿжܿ˻Ȱ񴣬ǰʯףӿ첽Զ
ﺮǰţһɣߵߵ
ɡﺮĻ˳
޷߽ڣʦԼѸٵͷȥ
սϵıӰǼһᡣ
޷Ŀһ˫ϥһ򵹸ף̧ͷʱ档
ţѦŮɻ飬һЩ졣ﺮ̾СӱšúܣôҲЩ¡
˶٣ּ˵ʱ룬ע㲻ϴ·ָǺεȿ⣿ȴܷ顭˵㡭Ϊʦʵȥ
޷ͷȻʧɫ
ͽػ̹й踺أ塣ﺮ˿Ҳţĳ˽̳ͽǸ۸İࡣ
ʦ޷˫Ŀᣬٴݵ
ɡﺮзϰڷһֻĽϻȡһͨڵĳתС
ǡݣ޷Ȼ
ͯʱڣ˽ľ硣˹ţΨʣѱ¼
˵һֱ뽫˽㣬ȴûлᡣﺮХ飬ǰʹһ˰ˡô˽󣬵֮Īٽƫ棬в̤
޷ǻͷȴɡ
ŲԼ
°ɡﺮ˵һ
޷ǻͷ彣ƣĲӷ뿪ȴȻϤ֣޷ǣ
ͷһңЦ
ͻˣ޷΢΢һ㶡
Щ˿鷳úܣһҪȥһңһƳҿɲͬһֱһ˸װ
֪Ϊδǰһֱ˵Լˡ޷ǵһЦ
ĻƮƮģ鸡
ԭǲݰңĿӹݽǹһĨЦ⣬ǰֻЩ档üȻǽƷ
ʦ𣿡޷㶵
ûаңҡͷںֻǸǣ˵šģδἰ
޷ǵͷĲƵصҲǣХ±飬Ҳӵ
ʲôأңЦҪת㣬Ȼἰ˼롣
𣿡޷ǵͷ鸡֮ࡣ
˻ûãҪϢңݸЩ޹֮¡ѦҲ鷳ˡ
޷Ĳɵ˵ͷ
ǡңǰһյǰЦʵ鶼Բʲô㣿
Ȼؽסһʱգ޷ǵعݣ˾ñʧķ衣
ҲáңͷˣˮãҲʺϵϢ
޷ǵ˵ͷЦ΢࣬Ƭ̣ǡҾȻطˡô·ǿϢʵǡ
ţң˫ĿӣȻһЦǷδú˯һյһȽá
޷һףɫԻ֣̿ӱƵתȥҴææҪ뿪
ңǰһס㼸ʱͬȥ
޷ǽŲ΢΢һͣһʱ㱣δع
ôˣңǰʵ
ҡ޷ǻֻҡͷΣعͷʵûн٣
˵ʲôɵңһţǺòײн죬
ڡ
ô˵˵¡ңֱ˫ĿʼնǴǰ㣬Ҫˣ
⻰޷΢أٶһʱ޴룬æֽң뻳УòԼᡣ
ϦԣƳιˮ°ڣؾ»ࡣ


354 . ǳ쿪
ҹ, γˮ
ңصСԺԶԶ£, ЦŻ㣡
ʯ, 첽ǰ, ӵ˸ǵˡáˡڻȪ֮¡ڿ԰ˡ
öáңɿ˫, ӭĿ⣬ҡͷ˵, ֪, ڽ߾ȫΪ·Ļֵܼ죿
˵, ˶, ֱ˫Ŀ, ˵УҲ, 
Цд, ҡҡͷֻص¡
»ԣһк¡
ŤͷңʵͬʦŶ˵ˡҡȷϰϡ, ɽ, úѧҽ
šңһͷ, , ǽÿԳˡ
蹫ӵ, ȷҪŵסң, Ƭ, ʵһֱУչ㡣ҡҲϣ°չ˱ˡ
ġңҡͷЦһҲտԼҡֻ
֮סս֣ӵʲôʱҶĽ㡣ûѪԵҶǽá˭㣬㣬㣬㶼㡣
˵˴ƺԼЩЦҡͷԳ书ôãҲû۸㡣
ңӯӯһЦһ§ͷһһ䣬˵á
΢ֻԻӵ
ͥǰľ·ö˴ڻԱߵȹΪһ塣
һƫԺУٳȹڴҴҽݣһ塣
˵ʹԸΪͽٳٽŲݣһϷţһ֮ʱŮ˳ˮ۵飿
Ȼˣҿɰæܲһȥ˰ɣٳߵǰ£һ·Σһ˵
ǣǰͬ
ôˣٳƳһۣûʲô캦£ٷ޶ѣ˭ᵱ氡
𣿡һͷ
㻹Ϊ¶Ϸ˵ŮΪ˸˴ٳ֮Աǣ˵ˣлҲŲҪ
СʲôԾˣ˵蹫ǲл
ôˣٳٲΪȻһ˵ˣ˲ֲʲôϡ֮ĶһӲɾءҪңǱ£ȥðǵŸˣСѾͷƬӣĿǳѹƽҪҳⶼѾ
⻰ίѣö˶˵ģôˡ
Ͷ˳µһϨ˵ƻЪϢ
֦ͷһֻԽΧǽԶ
լ⣬ǳҶǽվ£֪Զ
ɣҡСȣߵԣҿ˶ͦ˵ģ㲻ζôǾԼĲСӣ
Ҷ䲻ƳһۣЦҡͷ˵ȷǲѹĶӡ
ǿáɣվһӣҲȥˣվ⿴˭Ȱ˭
ġҶΪɨһۣתԶ
䶨¹һһеĶƯҲһ̹㡣
ڴ֮ʱ־ãӭ
õ泤ϹλĹһ¥԰Ժ
˽Ҫ޷Уֻ£ԶԶʦֵܽæǰæżЩܼСæ
磬@˸ͷյӧԣӧ˵ղޱҲˣİҲһڷ˲ˮģⲻ͵𣿡
ʦ֣ʦ߸ˣ治Ҫź򰡣ӧһۣ
𣿡@ָָܵĵˡ
ʲôǧһǹˣܻŶˡӧɴ۵Ҫչأ㻹ȥչ˱ˣ
ʦҲ
ӧֱֲ˫ĿҪôȥҸˣ㾭ԣΪɻûûƤˡ
ҿӦóȥతᣬöϼͷڴɸʮ£Ƥӡӧ˵̱꣬ľ߿ת֮ʣû@ݺݷۡ
£ڻңƳ@ָ˵Ķյ޷ǰЦʵ˵ʲôô˵ˣ
˾޷ЦЦҪߣᡣ
Ҳûй򡣡ң˵ţ̽ͷգƣһƬãչЦãܻڣǼ˴ˡ
޷΢Цҡͷӵ뻳Уǰӡһǡ
ǰµղޱ˳ɻΪʡϺﺮ̱ӣʽΪ˾ٰԺȫԼҵӣδˡ
ղޱСϰ䣬С£̥²ĸôһڣʲôҲ
ϲ֣ϯ䵽ҴܡΨӣֻܽ
˵̶쵱ˣôͣ@ҡͷԺô죿
ô˵Ůˣ˺Ӿ͸ȥң䲻Ҳûʲôͷˣźẓ́ϥɫ¡ѹ㰡һˣǵûƵϣԼʦʦÿˣ޲ó㼸͡
@һסŤͷɩ㼸ʱô˵ˣ
û𣿡ңƳ
@һʱ˵
޷ԣһЦЩûĲˮ
ʱղޱպ˹Ĳ裬ˣ޷ǱҲǲˮ㶵ô
ʦֲһ𣿡ӧ
ȾƣǱղޱǰگʱƣҲû
治У޷ǰЦǰڹʱƣ˸Ƣڵ󶼲ơ
ղޱʧǡ
ңΣĬյЦȡ԰գٱˣһ
޷ǿ˿мΣֺżЦ⡣
@һִ֣ͷ˿ҡͷҿʦڣԽԽСˣɩӺͷû䡣
ңԷ¾յתͷָһɢϯ󣬻ط·ŵ㣬ıɲзϡ
㿴㿴@˾Ů˸ͷ
״ĬĬһֻʢľƺߵ@ԣͷʦ֡

@һ죬㱻𣬽һƶ˽ȥǺԣ˵
ûϵһº͵ʦܻ˾ٶһֽŲ󣬷ָۣ񴣬ȴԽȵ
ûáƣϻǷޱġ
ղޱ󣬳@ͷ߿
һǵϯ˺ôЦ޷ƳһƬңͷȥȴһԴ˹첲һһңֱң޷Ƕ˼ͷ
ʦ㡭޷һ֮⡣
ʲô˵ˣһ֣Цȣ˭ԼԸ¡һжѹȥǰԹһʹ˭ҲҪᡣ
˵ţžյм䣬ЦУʱԺȵǶλϲư
ʮˣݡ޷Ц
㲻˵ȥ𣿡һ㶣һԵ೯˿
ƽա£ûȥ졣޷΢Ц
ȷԸٻصǸط°Ӣɺ󣬼Ҳ϶
Ψⳡ񣬲ܿǷ
ٳٵĻ£ֵǷꡣݳ˽֪йһλķˡ
ˣֻĬĬڽɻ飬ٻعݣֻԵңĪеˡ
¶ҪһŮӣԲ룬ⳡ£ص÷졣
֮ˣɽ֮ģɲֻ˵˵ѡһֻңһӡ
һԵ@ɤӣŲӣɺſŽ߿Ź༸ˮǿ
ţ˿޷ǣȻüʦ֣ǲǱˣô˵ˣ
޷ǿ˿ҡͷһЦ𻰡
ңȴۣһ§޷ǵĲӣ@Цղһһأ
@֣ܿ
֮ϣЦòϲ죬ֱҹɢϯ
˸ԻطЪ¡޷ǣң̨֣̤ףľĻԺȥ
¹ϳ˶˵Ӱӣббӳڻȼ䡣Ժûˣֻʣ½Ų
ң˶ָһһָʮָཻԽԽ
޷ǲĶԾЦЦ
⼸գңڣҵ˶õòˡһȥ߰ɡ
š޷ǵ˵ͷӦʮ档
ңӣյǰϸ˿գգʵ鲻ã
С޷ЦЦ˼֡
Ⱦͷңסӡûй⻬۰ţɫ·Ű׹⡣
޷Ǽתᣬֽӵ뻳УþòԸɿ
߰ңһ䣬ӯӯҵǾ°ɡ
á޷ǵͷߣҪ⼸춼Ȳˣʲô
ң˶ȴʲôҲû˵ֻǻӵ֣ߵԺ
繳߹ͷһƬס
£Ҳ̧ۿ˿ˮ⣬ĿգȴƮ
ʲôңԶ£ͷʵ
ûʲôǺȻ֮һУЩ¡޷ҡҡͷԳЦǰΪûʲôסԼյĹأܿȥ·ֻҪһ㣬ǶԲһأˡ
ɵ˽죬ڹϰӣŷЩֵϧ޷Զ£˵Щۿ˺죬ҲǵԼǴӺʱʼ£ֻ֪·ԽǰУԽֻšΣգ¶䡭ʧȥ㡣
˶ġңԶ£ʱ򡣡
֪𣿡޷ǳЦᣬҵڶ£ѵõİȣһϦ֮䵴Ȼ޴档
ѵĹأѾͦȥ𣿡ң
ÿһʧȥĿ࣬Ҷ䣬·ѹضѳ飬عͷŷ֣ʵһֻǸոտʼ޷̾ûѲǰңõųηηβңǸˣһ𣿡
Ҳ˰ңǣס֣ÿʱÿ̶ڱ䣬ⲻҵ𣿡
޷ԣҡͷһЦã̾ǰΪһɵ˽Ҫͷȴ㡣Ҫû㣬ѹͷͲ֪ںδˡ
˺ܾãּ˵ǰ˵Ըǿңϣгһϲ֮Ҳţܹƽǧ书ʧȴʲôҲˡ
֪ѦǧʱֻһͷҲҪһ𡣡ң֣ʱѲںѦıܷ񱻲𴩣ҲںǷҪĴ롣ֻ㣬һҲãҲáֻҪߣѣɽ㺣ХҶ֮¡
ңң޷ЦдᣬĿο
£վӻͳһݵǰ
ңͷһֻһ֧ϸͷǰ֧ƻľʽͬܽػ̱Ӿ¡
ҵģңգգۣЦ
кЩûΣ޷С䣬˵һΣҲˡ
ңԣ۲΢΢һָݣڽĴ

ԣ
֪ƵĵһӦԺ󱻲з ںãǡޡȥ


355 . Ըԧ
º, ӽ뿪صݣʼﱸ¡
֪֮, ǣ, ʮ, ڽĺƽ, ޻¡
ӣҲؽͷ­, ʱʱ̿ĵ
, ңͬӢð£ص, ȴδƼ޷ǡ
һ˳ŵʱ򣿡ӢһֱźԼµĲǸŮ, ޷㲻Ϻ, ȴҲûй⣬ҿЩ, һʮʱ, Ҳûȥ𴦡ͻȻתӣԼˣ
ӦðңҲ鿴һеһ󲻰һ, ȥأ
֪, ô, ӡӢͷ, Ϊ, û׼ʲôϲһͻػˡ԰, 㼴ת߿
ңûп, ֻԽùŹ֣´Ѱ޹һ·ѰȥȴȻһ졣
˭ңʱȴһͷ˫ͫŮҡ
ͤĹңŭںδ
ͤЦһԾңǰЦ˵Ҿ뿴˵ģǲǶһΪרһ˶飿ľãˣԸΪٶջҲϱѡ
ôˣңŭ
ģͤļ磬۲Ž֮ɫúúõģҾͽ죬Щٻ㡣
˵ʲôëǷ𣿡ңﵱ֮±ͺ޹ûܾȻ㣬Ҳֻ˰㣬ʧ˻ᡣͳҵĴҪǺǣ޷⣬һɱұǣαظЩ޹ʹ鷳㲻Ҳ𣿡
ɱˣңʲô
㲻ǾʹӮҡͤ˵ţ㼴תȻĻʲô㶼š
ҪʲôҪңҪʧȥһУңʵܹ֤ʵзˣлɣѵͻӴϴĸ棬һһ⣿
⻰ͤĽŲ΢΢һ͡
˵ˣң׷ǰлɱң걣ȴӲĺáãԸ˫˫ܣ㹲ͬԿ̣Ҳˡ
ֻΪ޷ʱһˣԲŻᡭ
ƭԼˡлɾǸĺģ˼ǨСˣңô࣬ΪƫҪһ˶⸱ģԼ𣿾ͷǵһΪ˵£
ͤۿȴ˵
ֻǻʽطȡҲѰѡܿࡣңˣӽһֱһһһ롣ٿǸʱֻΣ
ôܣͤЦ
ǲܣگֽ̻Ѿ¯ࡣͨ쳹صı£ʩչЩӦܼ򵥡ңΪβһԣ˵֪̽
ͤһ˦ƷڵأӶһ̣̼ʧ
ң׷ȴˤڵء
Ұض֮ڣһĿϥ붨޳ߣܻΪɫŮӣԲŴƣٰòȴ޷ҡ֡
޷ǣǿĶͤԾ붴Уȥǰһˣһ˿ͷû
ֲ޷Ц̧ͷƼģȴ㶣ôȥˣ
ͤɻѱصǰڷͫģ
˵⻰㶣ŷӦͷǻ󣿡
ͤһЦ£ִͷૣ֣лɻϲǸŮˣΪ㲻ϲҰ
ǲв޷ǶоеͷԣңÿԵķһأѵҪ²
ô˵ָͤգ˳½ǰҾҪ֤һ
޷ָ佫첲˳ȥɿ˵һԣȻ㶣ô˵£ҲǰڹʱϧҼг͡ˣԷˣ
Ŷͤ΢Ȼ糾ŮӶԣΪҲԣ
޷Ǳȥᡣ
Ҳԣ˵ǰЩоֻǷ곡Ϸδķ£ͤ޹ǣһǰɭȻЦ
УҾʹˣ޷Ƿ½ãʲôʱ뷢ˣʲôʱٷҡ
һֱء
޷Ȼ˵ʲôûãαػҪ˷ѿࣿ
ͤһ⻰ɫ˲
һβһԼƨζƵĴܳȥġȶԣֱԽƽ⡣
и⣬޷ǺȻ̧ͷʵһֱͬҺ⣬㲻лɳôʱȥ黨ǲ𣿡
˵ʲôͤð
޷һ̯ҡͷȫȻ֪Ϊ˷ŭ
ͤʺ۵ŭմ
ʲôĽƽ޷Ц⣬Ȼʵ
ͤ˼Ҳ˼֡
ԣʵҲںǷܹ̣޷ǵл㣬ȴѰ
ͤ˼
㣿޷ʡ
Һûѡ񡣡ͤ˵ţɫȻÿ㯣·ʮ־ԶĻ䣬ֻǵã¿£Ψһ
Ϊ޷뿪޷ʵҪģӦĻǿʹࡣ
֣ͤ˹ȥ
޷ϥá
ȴʱңĺԶ޷ңңϲɫڣӦ⣡
ң죬һʱ־ϲæѭϸ棬ѰõضλҲ˽
޷ǰһѽ뻳Уϲѡ
ôû˰ɣңĻҴһȷް󣬷˿
蹫ôϧͤתÿڽǰĳ¶΢ڡ
޷Լ⣬ңһ󲽣ͤѪˡҼʱ㣿԰գæתңҪ͡
ңŲæһְϣʾָ㣬ʱԡ
޷Ǳһӣ쳯ȴֿס򣬰ӣ̽죬ڱĨһѡ
Ҳûࡣңҡͷͤô˵˼𣿡
ͤۿŶˣȻЦһȥ磬Ƕһ
ʲôңɫһ
ҲܵóԸɱҲһͤ԰գңػݲԶ
Ǹӡ޷ǿȥȴƽãҡͷһЦ̾һΣҪˡ
ҲġңĿⶨͤԶȥķ齥ء
ڽͤĴǸСƢŹ֣ΪѲ⣬ܿ㱻Ժ󡣵ʮˣɽ˺ƣ֡
뷿֮УңһϮھǰ˿磬δ٣üԶɽǣ촽ݣȻ续
ٳңͷһ˿ɷ٣һɣױǰķڣͷ
ңĿھУž淴ڹ⾰Ů뼸λͬʦæǰæ󣬽ΨһӰ̾˿
ȡһ԰񻨶׹ߵ󣬵ʦ˵Ӱҳǰ𣬱㲻ٷǡ룬ֻĽδ⣬Щӱˡ
˵ȥ˺δңͷʵ
ǰһĺΪҡ϶׹žең˵ӻһܼġ
ңһף齥Ȼס֣Ц⡣
Ŷٳټǰѣæתױڷ޼õĸƬ
ת֮ʣңױܽСڹں

ԣ
еĵĽ
ûpiaoûpiaoǸ糾Ůźûѣ곡Ϸû֫ӴģΪᰡ


356 . ƾҲ
סң˫, ԾЦ飬ģҲỶϲ
ٳٻת, յǰ, Ծң, ž˺ܾã¶ı, ͷšҲ
ңģЦʣ, һЩųϿ, ˵Щʲô
ڿʦãŹܲءٳں, , ҲҪ, ȥˡԿ㣬ֲҡ
ң, ڿڶЦ
ͬʱ, СԺһ޷ǵķУһΡ
޷׼һУϾʱεϲɫ, Щš
һҸôʵ, Ҫǳ˲, ô죿
׼׵, Ӧ첲, Ц, ̫ˡ
ɹһ׵, ᳵ·ģôһԵ@䲻ðһ仰
޷ɫ䣬ָ@Էʦֵܵôģϳȥ
ԣƳ@һۣǰȥԣֱߵűߣȣֽ˳ȥ
@һˤڵϣȻعѱϣôҲò
˼֮Ц
ʱ޷ڼͬʦֵܵͬ³ӭףŹ죬ڱ뿴
ңִ棬˫˫½ΣһϮʢװü续ȾƣۣһЦȻ
޷Ǽһʱ֮л㱣ֻƮͬƶˡǰҲһ㣬ӯòʵſţˡ
һѡ
޷Żعæǰȥӹ˫˫ĺǣ޷ǣŰɻĺС̨ףÿһͷһۡ
ͫӳ˴ģü۽ǾЦ⡣
ĥѣߵһ̣û˱Ǹ˿
̨£Ŷ˱Ӱ¶οЦݡ˫ֺʮ̧ʣС˵סŲĸ塭ǶˣСңĥѣڵóԸܿࡣߵգҲصƿˡ
ϦڲõϼƬȾɵĽɫƱߺȼһȦ棬칬ȥ
̨ϯ䣬ɣ䭺ҶСʵ㿴ʲô
ò𣿡ҶһЦǰյһ
Ҫӣɣ䭰һۣ
˽ᷢʳͬΣŮнӹյһڡ֮ʣң޷˫΢ţһһ䣬˵Ը֪޾˥
ˮϳӴֱƺӳ׿ݡ޷ǽӹŮľյǸЦ⣬Ŀӣ۵ϼ⣬ͫ׵ӳİ֮ʢװģһѳޣΨʣ˴ˣݼδݣҴͷ԰գӹյơ
ң֮ٱͷ븹С
ˣաط糾ĻǧգڽҲûκܽǷֿ
޷Ƿ»ᣬǰǣңվ˻δ߳ãɫ䣬籼ӿϯ𣬾Ʋ˷Ҳһڵϡ
һӵղޱڻСҲ̻ס
ĽŲ˷׷ŤͷֻƼһͫòŮӣһ}˵Ц⣬һԺС
ңһԲ
޷ʶԵ뻳лס
ȥ죬Ȼҡͤһ˵һ춼Ȳˣȥ˱Ůˡ
أң⣬ʵҵֲҡ㵽˵кã
ԣҰһɱˡͤЦǵǴĶ𣿡
ҪʲôëҸҽʦҩΣǵ㱾µҰ޷ǰһңǰͤȵ
ǣϵϯ䲻֪˭ʵ˭ѽ
ˣͤңס޷ǵ֣һ嶯
ԺУɺХ纣ŭαӿҶϯλüǰȥ鿴Σȴ˻ȥһԵɣ䭣޵˿÷ڵסߣѰ
㵽ǸʲôӢߵӶϱԣδվȣ㱻ƾƷɳȥˤڵϡ
޷ɫ䣬ң˫˫ԣһһҽӢ˿
ϯ޲ɫ䡣𺣾ˡѵǸ֣
ǲ֣ÿң
ɫ䣬׷׶㿪
̼ĹϪͤƾĳһơңҲ룬ֱӽ޷תסǰ
޷ǱԸػȴδȫָȫֲĶֻػһͷУһ»
Ƽ͸ңÿϣݣǽ͹ȻᡣҶǰȴѹֻܷŷ壬ҧгݿͤЦתﳤȥ
޷һգ·ѱ룬һңصڵء
СңҺȴƫƫվ
ͤӰʧؼָֻƽӢɱԲ쿴
ǰңָ֣ɫأڻ֣ҡҡͷ
ôˣʦ첽ǰҵݣ͵ؽס۷ףЩε
ڹ估ʱǰڻ
Ҷѵ˽ǰһĻתϥһعʯ֮䣬̧ʱȻۿ
޷ǻ̵̻ͷŵڻУ۽յңſԣȴơ
ԭ˵˼£оһƬհףҲ޲׽һػɵӰѣòĹû
֪˶ãֺȻﾪѣӵӣͷǰգ˫Ŀ·˯ȥһ㡣
ĺϼƹƣڶϣҹɫ٣һһȥɫ
ôţֱĺ
ԺˣҲһĻĬʧ˭Ҳ˵
»ͥϯ̨Ȼһᣬˤڵأ䣬о⣬Ҳ֮Ϩ
޷ǺȻ˫ۣһ챧ңӭҹһһʯףԺжȥ
޷ǣҶüһһ
޷ţͷҲأֻԹǰߡҰ׵¹⽫Ӱϳ۴ڷƮҷ·𵥱ֽţʱᱻ˺ѡ
ңطУСڴϣǰһ鷢ټ䣬ֽǰ
ױδڣԾֻ۽գ·ֻ˯ʱת
޷ǹڴǰĦֱͷճüۣǼⷺ΢أᡣ
֮ǰവҹ磬ƺдɽźʪϢ
ȥ꣬һֱڵһ졣Ȼʧɫϣ΢΢Ĳȴֹͣܲʹζ֪統㵶£һ˰ˡ
ңָ֣Ⱦָף˵ˣСûܹۡƾų·͸һȣЦ㱻ӶҲû˻ᵱ˵
Ϊ׷常ɽ㡭˵˴һ˲Ҳ˼֣ǰδйõļʮϴӭ˶Թթ粻˼仹顣
俲ɽ𺣣顣ԭΪûйȥѹء֪Ϊ˪浽˵ͷϮҾʮ֮һ
޷¶ԳЦҡҡͷ˵ǵý˵ҹȥЩıߣ֮ⷲŻҪȢһ룬ΪһΥԼ˵Ļ޷˰㡭󼸾ȴԽԽ벻סôõˣôῴǳԸһĲֵķӣ
֪Լ䲻㣬Ҳ֪֮ߵ죬ȫΪ֮ʱǵ΢ߡǷ̶ֻ̫̼࣬ʮ꣬Ϊʲô⼸ʮĻᣬҲϸң
˴޷ͷӿһʹһַŴأԾȥԽ鸡ΪһΣ㲻ٷ롭ҪߣҲҡ
ôãƫƫôɵΪҵçײĴܿࡣϷôãֺαҶ᣿
˵ЩŷҵĲָǶ봲ľ壬ߵӣ䣬ûذ϶ת˲ʧ
ףпɱɵȴòȻһ˼䡣
̧ͷʱ

ԣ
ƲĽƣӸһ룬Ȼ󽻻ٺȣкᡣͬξͬһ⡣
Ը֪޾˥ԡаɽǰΡ
޷˵ǡʮĴ
ȫ£ǰǧԸҪҴɽáˮϳӴֱƺӳ׿ݡ
ղγ֣档ݼδݣҴͷ
״һ⾳Ǵ˵Щⳡʵж֣ܳ˲Ż֣˼ǲ֡
˵һ°ǳﱾ˼һֻŮһûҲûˡ
ҹбɬдģûвµ֪Ϊʲôɾɾȥͳдֶ׸ġ
ûİթƭc

һԭ趨˾ŰŮ
ƷҸ˴٣Ĵٵת۵̷ֽдͤԭ趨ߣͤŵ̲вŮֻ˴Ӱסǣص徸ŮŮΪȫ̸ѡȻԼҲûʣ¼ꡣ
޵Ǿ䣺ŷҲΪʣŮ˵Ҽ㡱Ȼ»֮ҹŮ˵δΣҲһ졣ŮҲͨΣۿ͸࣬ʰѦ
ԭˣҲˣˣͨξջҲճɾĽٱǶԵ˵Ŀ飬ңߣ¸ңȶǿ˳ˣͨ˿飬ͱջأңҲڶκʧˣĵȴ䡣
¾Ϊάԭ˺ܶĶһֱ뵽ôֲǿиɽάԭ򣬵ûð취ĵĶ̫ˣֽ׶ûоƷֻԺлᣬٰԭ趨дһ档
ôôա


357 . ѷ
, 
޷˫ۣŷԼڳǽ¡ϣδˡ, ǰϲı, Χ, ɻ󣬻Ǻ, ǵġ
Լҹź׵ңϹݳСɽ¶, ±߶ȥ, ȣͬȪ
Ϊ˯ȥ, ڻеȥ˺δ
ңأ޷ֻ, ϥĶ, ȺĴ鿴ȴδңӰ
ҵʱ, ֻһˡ庮ɫ, ǰ˵Ҳˣ
ô޷ãȻʧ룬ѵѵˡճʱѾ
, ǲŪʲôʵ, Ǳ˴, ֻѽˣôһ, ƾʧġ
ûСûС޷ǲסҡͷ, Խ
, 庮̲ס˵Ϊ㵲һ, ϣƽ¡ȳʵ͸úúչԼ
޷Ƿ·ûĻƷһ㣬ҲݣɢʯѣĴѰңΣͷ˿ɢ䣬ĵԽ԰ס
Ⱥ󣬿Σ˫棬
ҶƼ޷ǻ겻ģüٿһǰȥһѾ죬ŭ˫Ŀҧһһ˵ȫʹ𣿾Ͳиߵðģ
޷Ȼɫ䣬ƿ˺󼸲ǿᴽǣȴת˲ۿ
޷ǣﺮٿҡͷ̾ˡ
ǣ𺣺Ӳ磬˶ˣһҲǾʬ壬ֲܹڼﵱɡŮ˶ǣȢһˡ
Դ޷ۣɫۺɱ⳯㶮ʲôҪЩнŪ꣬Щ
̺һ졣
֪ʲô޷̱ڵأʧʹޣķҡһף޺֮ġƽЩΪΡΪε󣬻еһС
˼Σ಻̹ۣһ¶ͬĿ⣬Χ£
޷ѣվҲվҲģѱ档ᣬͷȻһ͵ŻһѪǰһڣһͷԵڵأʱʧ֪
æǰæһʱ֮˭Ҳ֪ô졣
Ӣﺮһһҽ˲𣬲Լͬһۣɫأȴ
֮ڱ׷ɢȥң֮£ͻļ£ֻߵ
庮µҲæϻѩɽ֣ʼѰң䡣һ˵ȣȥ񷱶࣬ϻأ˶ʱ˹ݡ
޷ǳսԼڷʳҲκˡ˼գʵڿȥǿŴ룬ȴǽǣ֪˯ѡ
߽࣬ˬ֮ˣȴͷ棬ǱϼϵȻ޴档·ĳϣɪĽ䣬جج̻̲ա
ﺮǰȴƿ
޷˻ǽǣ⿴ǰˣֱȷϲٶ֣£ԭ
㻹Ҫʲôʱ򣿡Ӣǰŭʲôӣ˲˹ġˣ㲻ԣѵҪȥ𣿡
Ǿ޷ԣ̧ơ
ӢŭֳһľҪȥ
׷ˣﺮ첽ϣסӢ֣Ȱɡ
Ӣ˿̾һľ֡
ﺮͷȰ˵˳ӣϷš
޷ɪƵݽ£Ŀ⿴𴦣ӱܡ
ﺮŲ΢˶٣ĬƬ̣ߵԣͬһڵϡ
޷ʶӡ
ﺮһһƽ˵ޱ޳ɣôл˵Ҳš
޷ǱϥʲôҲ˵һ˫û˶ľֻ޾Ŀ㯡
ﺮôһգֻˮͬʳͣ粽롣
˵գﺮΪ֮ǰǰ㾲ĬԣȴȻ鸡翵Ļ
ҴСһ·ƽ˳δۡ޷ǿ⴩͸Ͷڵϰ߲ĹӰҲԼûôƾգս޲ʤ
ﺮʲôҲ˵
ԾΪǣºڣ˵Ҫһȫɻػ鷳ǰͷ˴ǲԾ¶Цͷ֪Դ𣬻ͬﺮ˵˵ʲôãԸԡ֪ôõһˣôΪҡ
˵⻰΢΢۽ǵᣬű㻬նĿ⣬ݽǣһ٣𽥱Ӱû
֪Ҷ֪ﺮ۵޾ĵǶ𣬲סظͬĻͼס
˺£Ƿô࣬ûüֲ޷ǳ鶯ӵͷȥɥӰӣͶڵ棬ָɢһ飬ģҲָÿһ綼Ѫ졣
ĻԽԽᣬ˫´䣬س鴤૷ȥ
ﺮ΢΢üȴŲ
ȥȥ޷ǵĿǺǿధ
ﺮĬãĵ̾˿ļãҳȥʦ⣬˵ֱӻұǡ
޷ǲסͷԾڱ̧
ﺮ΢ǣ߳ӣϷ֮ǰԥƬ̣ϣתԺУȴղޱڲԶгǡ
ͥ죬һƬã飬ɿõ򡣿˵ɫʮֳأ·װǧ¡
ԣߵԺʯ¡ղޱԶԶһ۷ţȻʧɫõһˣôͱЩ߰ĥҪңܿһҲġ
㻳У̫ˣﺮĪ̥
ղޱҧҧĬĬͷ
⣬ȻȥúϢḧ䣬Ȱġ
ᶨᣬղޱҲԷЩߵԺ⣬һԵӧһͬԶ
תʯԣﺮ̧죬ĿȻ
ְʱ˵⺢صý̻һ̹̹ҲΪ֮룬ܴ졣˵ţ̾˿иУ˽ĳ죻˸ϣսعǼͣͦѹء
ҪģѾˡ£Ȱο³ͻȻ˭ûԤϵˡҲŲס˭ȥ
ﺮԣͷһ죬۲
ʵҴܹʲô̾ҲһУҲеһĻ䡣ûвޱҵľҲö١
ﺮԣ΢΢һ㶡
ļգﺮҲһͽܣ⣬裬ݣ˵˵ڷһգš

ԣ
ҷաжʳ֢
걻ĥĿȫ
ԼȥˣҲǹ˼ʦʦõˡ


358 . ·
޷, û˲ݵĿľżί룬ǽǡʵû, ͵, , ҲϺۣľȻŷ, ·, ɫĺƮ, ϻػ
䣬ﺮЩʳ, , ҲȰá޷ᵽʳ, Ҳ޶ݣֻڴת˸, Űǽ, ɫľȻһ仰Ҳ˵
⼸㣬ܻﺮģһʢ, һ˵, ͬ徵ȷ֮ͬº, ͬ, Ǳ, С֮˺ԩ, ԸʩԮ, Իػ
޷ɣᡣ
ﺮʢõߵߣļΪʦ֪࣬Ҳ㣬ֻǡ⼸ʱ⣬ͬ˵仰ҡ͵͵ǰϴ۵ʱ̫١ֻ˵˵˵˵
޷˴ͷһ죬˳
ﺮĲ֮ӹĬĬţƽˡ
Ҳ㡭ʵڳŲסʲôΪʦﺮƽȴƫƫƲסЩ־䡣
޷΢΢Ŀ룬ǿԼһڿںȸɾĩˣз£ֻ죬ǿ֮Уˮ
ʹҲ̹ޱ˿Ϊ龫ǵĶʦ
ҲǴտʼÿЩʱգȰ棬ʳ䲻ԲȴάӲдࡣ
мѵü磬ݽǣĿĵɨһУȻڰͷĲݡ
ԼԼʱıӰȴôҲ벻ݣл㱱ǰȥγϸ
úû룬ķȴ˴ײԭǰӢﺮһͬǰ̽νֻҪԾڴˣ̱˽ڵء
޷ǲ粵ѱ˽
ҪʲôӢҡͷֹѵ֮⣬ǳǣ֪ЩһҲԲã˯Ҳ˯ãΪǹҵǡôԵ˭
⻰޷ǵһγȥ
Ӣɷ˵̲˽з֮ߣš
º޷һȥ֮ģȳ˲Գӣȴ֧˻ƻС
ҲϽʳﺮҲϼˡ
ڹݵͬţΪ硣һӵ@ٶ˵ʲôղޱ񴣬˵ʲôҲҪȴڰ;̥衣
гʱûܺú̥λ֡һʱ֮䣬Ժ˵Ķ۵˲֮⣬޲ߡ
޷춯лߵߣ͸ȵķ϶⿴ȥֳƽͥԺȻһƿļܳ⡣
Ѷղ⣬Ųһ£ɹĿֵ˵ȴʱͻȻһ˼ãǻżϡ
⶯ס
˶ڹעղޱһ£˶Ŀءôʱ뿪Ҹû˵ĵطһ˰ˣԵҲ򵥡
ȴԥˡҪպղޱ֪Լ¿иȥֻ
ͬţ⡣˺ӣһˣۡ
˽ͬŹຣ
޷Ƿߵͷżϣ濴Žͷ
һ֮õʱ̣
جج֪˶ãȻһӤޣвԾ¶ο֮ɫ
˱ΪҪҴҸżϵģ۵׵תΪֽȻ
˺Ĵ޷ӲʰԼȴٿˮסͬʬ⣬˱˯˯˱ԣ仹սȥȴδ֮١
űߣŤͷ⣬л㱣ͻȻһһ澵ӡ⾵ǵٳٱȳɻգý׷ʱڽģһֱֱղű֡
žԼݣȥͷ棬Ũܵĺ磬ǷǱİ
˵£ңط꣬ɻϳԼ
ͥԺ֮Уãơ
޷ʰһݣϸɾѣ߳һ̣Ժе˶عͷ
ʦͬšĸס̣Ϥ벻Ϥ֮ˣ֮ˣڵ
޷ĿͷԺС
ղޱ񴻳нӹӤ㵳ʦ֡
޷ǵͷһĺӡ
Ӥ覣ȾЦа
Ůк޷ʵ
ǸŮղޱοЦ
޷һףЩ
Թ˵ȣסشղޱ߹ʯǰ¡
ﺮɫԾأؿ
Щӣǵˡ޷к޲ֹˮ
򵥵һ仰ͷĴʯ¡
޷ǲٰԼڷУϾʱܻԺԶգƷɶɣӹһһ졣
ﺮʱʱ̶̿ߣӲ˵ҲӲʧֻǾš
û֪ʲôҲû˸ҿƺ˾һԺԼ׳ɵĹأĵ׵ǵ˰̣һ˸ҽҡ
ֹ˰꣬кתżҲڣ˵Щ۱߿õ£̸䣬ֺȻͣ£Ų֪Ľ
ղޱˣʱҲź跨ע⣬ٳں˼С
ʦͽͬԺ޷ǿ˿ҡȻʵ˵һɽһֱң䣿
ǰŸ𣿡ղޱʵ
ǣ޷ҡͷ˷Ǽ̸
ô£Ͼûۿ˭ղޱÿ˵һֶʮСģĶ
޷ǵʼûв
ĬΣȻڣȥ
һԣԱտڲԣ
һҶС޷ǣѰ̼Ҫȥˣǳ˴ҵߡδȫ߳ʹ˭ұ֤ʲôƫƫ书ߣסǿԶ׼
ҲáȻڣƽ޷ǵϾɽɶ겻¡ҪѰЩȥЩ
˾񴡣˭û뵽Ļ˵
޷ǴӰӢȡزݣߵǰȻ˻סͷȥ񴡣
ͣ½Ų
֪ʲôߵԣӶԣÿһ춼Ǽ尾ۿ˭࣬Ҳ֪һߣ졣
Ļֱ˵ûаڡ
޷üһ
ȻףΪǰλʦ£ԾԸΪ˵⻰С
֪ÿնŰ޹ʲôζ˵٣ҪҵҲҪڱ˴ߡ
޷⻰ԡ
ϵرݸȪҲ޴֦˵£ǹ¿ꡣֵ
޷ƽ̧ۣŷ֣ĿʼעԼƽȶ
һɲĵ׽յҺȻ䡣޷ſڣ쳤˿۵׵ᣬ˻ȥ
һţ޷ֱ˫Ŀ⽥ۣˮǰš
˶٣ֿڣǽͣúûš
⻰΢΢ףͷʯ£չ¶Цݡ

ԣ
С
½֣
СʦܵĻãԸڵԸΪ֦޸衷ơ׾


359 .   ͬ
, ɿȥתî괺
, ůϵĴñ, , ԰Ȼ
СԺڣһò̵, Ҳڽ귢ѿ֦ѾȸֻճСߴߴų, ĸι
ȴʱ, һ紵ĳбһֻСȸû, պһֻůġ
, ޱߴĳüĿ, ̶ֻ, һƬȻ
޷СȸԴ, ң񳲣СŻУݲ, ء
һվ, һ硣һ۷ɫµСŮ۵С, ק°, , ڴ, ꡱһ
, ղޱĺ㴫˹ֲúö飬ȥˣ
޷⻰ͷСŮֵƤˣ
ʦҡȻָôˡ
ʱղޱһľ˹ָҹ
Ͳȥﱧͷ£޷ɪɪ
ղޱ״ŭʢ±Ҫǰȴ޷ס
úͬ˵𶯲ʹ޷ȰȻһأֵø
ú˵ղޱ÷ЦָŶڵϵǸƤٴζԣ
״ԣܡղޱŹӣɷ˵ƿ޷׷ȥ
СѾͷ꣬ȴúܣһ̱ܵ˴ǰûüż㱻һֻ־Ǹմ߽񴡣
ճţͻˣղޱһɲֹʵ
ҲѾͷ죬ͷƳһŭĿʲôʱͬʡģ˵ţԺȥ
ʦ˵ˣҲգҲܹң˫ȣ
@𣿡Ծһһ˺졣
԰գŤͷպƳվµ޷ǣһ㶣ʵʦֻˣ
š޷ǵ˵ͷ
ڵȣ֡״ֱӽ˿ϼԺȥղޱ¶Цת޷ʵʦλ׼Ҫã
˵Ҫؽɻ𣿡޷ǵЦӾߡ
ղޱ˵ͷȻ£ʵˣӵ£֪𣿡
£
ǰŲǸ¹ﰲס𣿺ѦһԼˡǰЩӣȻ˴˸Ůȥӣͱ˶١ղޱ˵ǲ֪ԭӷֿñУȴԸ
Ҳҹ𣿡޷΢΢ü
ˣղޱʲô·ˣƫƫҲҵˣҲ
ղޱԥƬ̣ż˵ѺӴҲֻǮ£֧֧˵񺭻˴˵⺢ӽ񡣻˵ɱһˣһˣ塣
޷Եͷ˼ˣĽᣬһⲻˡ
ղޱҡͷ˵
ʦֻ@ƨ֪ðͷյ˸ǰͱͱղޱ첲ǰ˭˵ģҪ˵ý
@˵˵ʲôղޱݺ@һѣ
ô£޷ƽʵ
Ŷ@ղޱ˵Ҳ֪ģǴľ罣书µһ˼ԴŮ޸㡣ñϸǸ
˵˵һʦȢأˡղޱֱӰѸ첲@ϡ
㶮ƨ@һһʦᣬ˵ȢأȢʮأҲǹޡ
޷Ǽִݣ˵ȴҡҡͷת߿
Ŷƨղޱ@Ծһ޷ǽԶıӰҲûŵģûʦѹ𣿻¡
ǣⶼˣûأ@㶵
׳գưղޱĪ˵ͳ飬Ҫǡ
ʲô˵ģҸǶԵģװ׵Ĺ͡
ѽ㡭˵Ҵǲǣղޱ˵ţֱӳӳ˹ȥ
Щִ޷ڶֻķҴұܿˣ߳ôţĿĵ˳ĽͷԽ㯡
˵ĸÿԶǰһ֣ѡŻϵȡǸѲͬ棬ɷʵǻԲͼҲò
޷һϯºһƵۣƿԶ֪ػϡ
ӹԶ죬Զɽ䣬л㱣ƱմʪȾһƬʡ
ϴɽԽ룬ȴҲûмǸϤӰ
ˣʬ䣬ȪϣͬѨעһѽ⡣
ЩƣȻ˵ЦŤͷһǷżǶԷ򸾣ȣЯӱߣδһ·˵ЦǶ
޷вԾ¶ĽĹ⣬˼ֻصǰɽţң֮кȻһͷһͣڰߵĿմǴ֡
ôɣҴ˹Ҫ
޷һףʵغһȦټǮ
һֵͼЩ壬Щ׵Ĳ١ҵĴҪǮ
ôУ޷ҡҡͷӻͳһͭǮȥȴֱǴ˻
㣬ҡһҲ޷һƬƮƮҡҡմüǣƵĲҡš
˵˱⡣ѣ˵ˣҪǮҲҪôడ
һһ룬ȴȻĿ޷࣬һ㶡
޷ǲ󣬻ûüڣȴһֻ˹ָմüҵƬһĨޱַȥ˿С
ǹϤܽػ㣬ԾΧþòɢ
ؽԭأƱʩ˶Ƶģá
һϮѩȹŮȹǰԶ£ЦڣҳǮ빫ͬˡɺã
޷ǽֱӣ˺ô󾢲תͷȥ
һ̣ƮƮѩüһ統ͫʼˮ¹⡣
ţע£ڻһˮʿ
ڴůػ沨ԡ³ݣСʻͷ
֮ڣ޷һӵңһԺ󣬱ձڣĿ
ңſУ˫ĿʼչŰȻЦ⡣
ʲôʱ𣬲δˣ޷ǺȻڣʵ
ڹǼ£ΪѰ֤ˣĴ߶طֻͨˮ·ңģҲϰˣֻҪǳٷΡ
ǣ⼸أ޷˵⻰ʱ΢΢˳飬ȥˣ
ͤҾȻҪ뿪꣬Ρң۵ⲻ䣬һٲ档
˵̧꣬ǸһĨЦ⣺ãסˡ
޷һȴ˵
⼸ꡭôģңȻü۵׸ɫ
ͷһȷ벻ʱ޿̲޷˫ۣӵֽ˼֣ʦտ⣬ͨˡֻ㿪ʼһΡδӵУҲ޴̸ʧȥ
˵⻰ʱʼƽȴƮڿУڶ͸һ翵С
ң̧ʣ緢ѳһ̲ˮɶݣֱӣʵҪûΣ
޷ǻãһ㡭ҪʵҲȥոӣһ书ȥѰû˵ĵطšȵʵھšû˼˶ϡ
ң⻰۲΢ʼ졣
ȴչһЦս֣ЦˣЩ裬Ҳˡ
ԡ̲ӿ˿
ߴߴ뿪ңӶצˮ棬һһƬ͡
ˮһ˽ǰô⣬@ѾܵſڣЩײ̸ӧ۳ˣһĲɲסš
ʦ֣ôˣ۳һۣϷƵЦʡ
ʱȥѲǸʮŮѣģɣӢˬͦΡ
һǧ˵ҡ@˵
ǰ˼ҵôôӧ´һ졣
ʲôƣǻ@˶һۣ˵⻰һܿ
ŮɨһıӰ˵Цȫ⡣
@𣿡Ļ˹
ߣӧָ@ܿķ򣬵ӦѾȥˡ
Ҳգб¾ͱֿ̧ۣڣƼһŨױĨýŴĸ˳
ðɣýһֲɨһˣĿϣʵ
ڡҡͷذɡ
ڣýɴһҲ˵
ʦֶɡյӧߣСֹ
񴲻ֱĥÿ֨졣
ȥɡӧýŰֵʦֵ°ǾͱˣⱲӶޡޣⱲӶȢ׵ġ
ôУý˵ţ̴ӻͳһᣬ֣ԱصҰ⻭ƣơ
չᣬڼǰָŻмˣµĹţλ۹⵽жߣôõĹﶼƲϣеúڣ
ý־ڱصõģֱüͷӧʶһۣƲƲ죬˭Ҳ⻰
ȴʱ޷ǵĻȴӲԶ𣿡
ʦһ㶣һתͷȥվ޷Եңԭء
ڿڣ㾪
ýŲŻͷҪ˵ȴ޷ǣң֣ʮָۣǰЦǻǲɣҷ˻ˡ
˵⻰ʱʡʷҷ𣬷գƬƽˡ
꣩

ԣ
ͷķϸڣоȥıˮƽǽҿ˻Ĺĳ̶ ޸Ĵ׻ д׼Լ꡶¥Ρ


360 . һ 
ң㣿ˣ
ղޱűΪѰ, պñƼһĻһʱסſԭ, ðŲ
ýҲס, Ͼֳ, ˭Ҳ벻˿޷ǣֿ˿ң, Ŀٿ䵽嵶ϣ˵۳, ָָ޷, Сʵλǡ
ӧӲصһͷ
⡭ⲻˣýſֿң, ҡҡͷ, ˸İ, ߶߶Զ
ң§޷ǵĲӣתͷһýŵıӰ, һЦ˳
޷ǵһЦ, һѽ뻳С
˴˿̣ղޱڻعתԺУһ, һʦ, ţǿ, ˭
̽ͷԺڿһ, 㼤, , æ׷Ժ
ңͷһƳ, ֻתȥ޷ǣȴԾЦţǣʯףż
ת˲Ĺ¼˶Ѿ˹ĿתŶˣһ졣
ҡԲסңнǸЦЦ΢΢һ뿪ôãôҵˡ
ɡﺮǰ˳Ĭ
ңĹ˶еʮ⣬οѡ
һѣأ˶֣һѯľΨ޷һԲһԣ̸ЦģüʼպЦ
ң⵽ⲻͬѰİ˵ˣҪЩطϢ
¹׷Ŷ˵Ӱӣƹ۵һ·ͻطſڡ
޷ǻϷţߵߣңͷ£ת˵ϵĲ˱ˮݵУٴס֣ԣһ˫ӣĿƳˡ
ôôңңյߣСһڣƳ⸱ģݸ
ûʲôҾǡ޷ЦЦһſڣҲŲһ˲ƮƮģһ
ɵϡңһŲյһЦҲǰôأ
޷ǵĿһ˲ҡҡͷЦ˳Щɵּһ˿ɬ
޷ǣ⼸һúܿɣң²յḧգԴ˺öడ
ãǽղŻ޷ǴƴЦݣôҲǲĿɬҪ꣬ģϲ
ңָͣ΢΢һͣ˸ӨӨĹ⡣
ңң޷Ǽ㣬æ֣Ц˵Һܺá㿴ⲻǵȵ𣿺ûһֱڵ㣬ҡһ룬΢΢һ
ǻ˼أʹѹ֣ڵͷţôصס
뽫ȥȴҲŷģҲ޷ѹֿǻҭ󣬺Ȼ§ӵ뻳һԺ󣬲ԼǱģ
ңҲԽԽĿһ鴤
֪֪һֱڵҡң˫ĿƵ۲ҡŷΣģߣ㳲ӿ˿˿Ƶؽӿ
޷Ŀ͵һæɿֱӣգ˲Լ޿ǱģȰοôˣⲻǺúõҡңңҴˣ˺òãԹңò׻ȴ
ңһԲܲĴ
ΥůŴ࣬ңԶȴֿ̹ġ
һĥңŶԽԵȻ䡣ӣ޷ǻУһֽڣٰ㻬˿׺飬ӳģ
һ㶼û䣬޷Ǹڴ˿㣬ô
ǡңӣƹסͷ񣬡ӽҲˡһһҶ㣬𣿡
޷ǺĿصͷӵ
̨ƻҡҷ
ӵϴ齣繲ࡣ̫δһжôӿ
ʹŨʱ̣ңȴһʹƿһץڻһƳɻһ˿ίȥ
޷һ˲л⣬ҿǣƳѪסΣʱãȻȥ⼸հɣ
ңҡҡͷ
޷ǴƬ̣㱻عӵúðοȴܿ
ˡΪΣŲŲ˯ɡ
ңбƳȴ˵
޷ǵ˵ͷĿϿңӵ뻳ͷãһӡǰ
ҹİ֮˺˯ڲ࣬޷ȴۣĿת
ֻһΡʱ֣Ӱֳɿ
ң˯ҹ˸պһۣӣֻ۾ɵϴ󣬲һЦֵ䣬˵ʲôϵĲ˯Ұ
޷ЦҡͷΡ
ʲôΣңü΢Խ
ʱμ㣬ÿһա޷˫Ŀ
Ĳˡң§ӣҲˡһߡ
˵˲㣬޷Цۿ㡣
ɵ˺ҹʵ̫ƣ룬˯˹ȥһߣȴǿյġ
޷Ǿʧߺң
ݽǷңһסͷû°ɣ
޷һ㶣ηʣڸҪ̸𣿡
ңЦֱֻ뿴ȥһжٶ
ǾҲա޷£ǰ֣ȥµġ
Яţм˼伸Ǩѻ˶ң̱ʳ䵱̡һȦ޷Сңȴδǰߡ
߽һҲׯңһ۱㿴һƥϣϱȻԣ޷֣Цʣÿ𣿡
㴩ʲôÿ޷ǵĿʼնϣҲŲ
ʲôʽǰʵϺõĲ˿ʢĴҲȣʲôÿ
ʽشţ𣿡ңʵȹͷ伸ܽء
ⲻѰ죬ܽػ˿һ˵꣬㽫롣
ѣʽ޷ңȥٽ֡ϣʳƼңǵ̡
㲻ϲ̫ĳʳ⼸¿ӣҶԹһ飬Ӧζ޷һ౧ŴСһǣң߽һҽիӣڿĿλ£֡
һһ澪ӲĽա
ҷˡ޷Ц磬ů紺硣
·˰
У޷ңЦһֱû
ң磬ҲЦŴк
ҵĹԹԣƷ¸㣬ϸһԭɽŮҲ̫Ưˣ
л佱ңӯӯһЦŤͷ޷ǡ
񽻻ᣬ̬֮Ȼ¶Сۡ
ƻңңϼǰߣȹӯƮݣ
޷ǿͷֵģ滶ϲ
صڣʦ˵޷Ƿ֪ൽá
ǰЩܾۣ˲һֱյֱŶҩεָΡ
ˣʱ˵Ϣ֪ͨԶϼܵƼңö˶վǰһ㶣漴һͷáãͻȥػỶϲ˵ţתҪߡ
ȵȡңǺȻ£ǰȥյС˵˼仰
ԣ΢һ㶣漴ҡͷЦ㻹ԭȵӣһҲ⡣
ңչһЦȴ˵
޷ǿ˿һ˿֮ɫ
ҡҡͷԾЦҴǰһ£λʮķˣһӣս겻ͬٵһ紦һ㣬˺졣
һۣһ㶡
Ƿֿ̫ãؾôϡ档Ѽ˺죬Ѱһ㣬ܸš
ǹʯף˻ط·
ң䣬ŵ
ЯԡУʵڣ˰ɣ
ǲǶã޷һһgˮ΢΢бһſµˮҫ·ӨӨԽݣֻҪߣǻãҶ㡣
ңݸࡣһǣ·ˮ

ԣ
һΪɶݣ٣ŮۣΪʱ֪ǵһΣ
һ꣬͡ţϰΪ
˭Ҳû뵽ܳȥط㶼ΪŮˣ϶ܼ
soǸ˼Ķ


361 .  ս֮Լ
ңԺ, ͬ޷ǹѰĴɽˮٹʽ¡յ, м˳, ʳ, , ֶŵš
սǵʱ˵ǰֿ߽мҽС¾ӡ, ζرáң޷ǵ, ÷ʱҲõ, ҪҪһȥ
á޷ǵͷ, ΢΢һЦ
ԭǿ, ȴЩľԽĬ, ΨʱŻ¶Цաң, Ծûȫָ
ң˺ð죬Ҽ¾ӣ¶ϲɫ˽ȥ, ˸λ¡
޷Ǽͷմ˰ƬҶ, ְȡ¡
˵, һ򸾾Ӫ, Ļƺ, ʱ, ڳк, ֻĵȴ
޷ǽҶǣѰƵӰȴȻһ
Զһվһˣݳģ߱˺ꡣ

ǵӢۻս꽣͡ʤ졣
޷飬ع૸̾ô
˵˭ңһۣתĿ⣬Ǹˣƹϵã
ˡ޷˫ͷղѡ
ʱʤѳ˹һǰһʵλ͹Եʲô
޷תȥܿĿ⡣
ʤڵķңǿתͷȥˡ
һ۱ϳ޷ǣЦݶʱϡ
޷ֻӲͷƤԣЦƹ񣬵£ʵҡ
ʤ촽Ǹһ˿ԳЦ⵭ƳһһԵңǸһ˿Ū֮ɫ·ˣ
ң˿飬ԼЩʲô
ʢǺãõҲŮǰʤƤЦⲻЦ
ǣ޷һ˵ңĲǣüҪ˵˵ң̡
ˣʤЦһֻ𣿡
Ҳ޴⣬޷Ͽ˵ǰ֮£ҶԲס㡣ֿɻָˣҪ¿ԡ
߰ɡʤ䣬ﲻӭǡ԰գת߿
޷ǿıӰü۵ʹȻ̾˿漴ңȴվ
Բסʧˡ޷ǸΡ
޷߰ɡңǰ֣Ц
˳˱Ÿ뿪ȴһӰ˹һֱ޷áң󾪣ǰȴ޷һأ
ȵһˮû˷ѣϡ
ʳ춯׷Ťͷͷ
ϰһ¿룬ָ޷ҵһ·ɼ٣ԭλ͡ôһҷ󻹲񫣬ҫЩɣôµģ
ѩʤΣæǰһѽŲѣǸʲô㲻¡
޷֪ſڣ˵Щʲôȴңߵǰ棬ɫ̳ǰ棬ϣ漴֣ʤްһԣ̡߳
ңң
˵Ȼ̲ס֣㲻ֻǶһֻôˡң߬޷ǵ֣߽һҿᣬصУֱӰͷڵϣҪˮ
޷ǱԼ֣ȴƿ𶯡
ֻùԹţһĿתĶ
㵱ҿæǰæ󣬶˲ˮģƺûӰ졣ңһôʪĽһȥۣһʵ
ĸôص֣޷̾˿ʱֻȨˣδ̫࣬ȷһ
ǸңҪҲ书㱨˱һ겻񣬶Թ԰˭ܱ֤Լһްܼ
ǡ޷ǻʼºһҡҡͷ˵ĿԾͣңϣģȻЦ˳
Цݣ֮У͸һɵ
ңƲƲ죬ȴ̲סЦ
ûʲôǾҺܺá޷ЦҵĴɨ£ȴһһ˵
̧ң׳γˮãʵ㵱治Թң
޷ģ£ȥͣģңҼ
ҹʲôңЦ˼ʤķˣҲԼҷ𣿱еûУίˡ
һЦȴᣬ漴յ޷ǾţչЦ㰡ֲ˶˵úá
˵⻰Żһ޷ǵҲˣٲϴȡȥСˮ
ϴ޷Ǽת˳ʵ
ϴңͷȤƵƳһۣ˵˳ȥ
һ˲ã͸뿪Ĵȣڡĳ裬Ҳů£»
бӣϰѩ߽ãȻڲԶһʳ͵Сۡ
˵ͷɲСݾţ𽭺ľ罣Щϴ壬˭˲˵ð
ǣҿƹӣ˵׼ʲô˵£˼Ҿ
ӴҵԵ𣿡
ѩһ⻰ʱ˻ߵ˸ǰʵ˵ʲô
ûû˵ʲôѽС˵꣬һͭǮߡͬļҲɿǮˡ
ٽļҲһ뿪ĵװ˳ɼҲ̤ˡ
ѩȻһɡ
̵ֱֱ׹ȥʤüʱȽסϣһͷѩģۣѹһѽӵ뻳С
ƾʲôô˵裬Ǹ˵ĴƾʲôƾʲôҪô˵ѩûֹס䡣
Բ𡭡ûáʤ쾾Ĳѡ
һգ¾š
ڵң޷Ƕˣδ⵽˾
ɴˮңŰɫ׽쳤ȡ´ϷĽݸǰ޷ǡ
޷е䣬δϵ´ʪ͸ĳ磬ˮʪͷʪĲϽճ͵ļ͸ɫӹ£һࡣ
ӹһʪĳüͷǰ˵һǾãЩö˵
⻰Ҫʵ˵ԵڸԼҽڣ𣿡ңƼˮ꣬㲻ôľ
ɵҴĻ٣Ҳ̤뽭
ϵĲ㣬Ǳĺٱ֮ˣֵΣңǰסڽϵ˫֣ԣܲðۣû㣬ҲҪԴ
޷ԣĬƬ̣ͷֹɡ
ȴʱһ޹Ƶ
𣿡⴫ѩֵôھӣʾ仰Ҳηη׸ƵĶ
޷⻰Ľ㻬䣬æһ𣬱ڻ
ȥѴáңС㼴ߵűߣʵʲô𣿡
ڳѩ¶˼۵ľΧ֮ƮЩϸҡ
ôˣѩŭҼ𣿡
ˣңҡͷ־־ЦסŸˣҪҲŲĵǵĴˣ
޷ǱվѸϵ´⻰Ծ̾˿
ߺ󣬿֪Щô˵ģѩ߷ߵ⣬۸ˣȴãҷ鷸ƣʲô캦£˵ʲô
ңü΢΢һȴ֪λشĻ
ǣô޷ƽʵ
Ҫ㵱ڳϣǸ޳ܵСˡԲҷҷĴѩ
롣ңüһ
㡭
㻤ʤ죬㲻һˣңҪǰ첻ǻȥһȫˣǡ
ǡ
ѩ
ѩĻû˵ִ꣬ʤƺηڶ˵涯ŭŪóһʰ
ʱ޷ѻѡŴ˶ߵңԣסţȴңһק˻
̧ͷʱӵѳʧȾͷ
ʵҲ£޷ɫƽңЦ仰ѣٸ˼һ
ô˵ǿˣ˳ۣѿң㵱ô࣬ΪʲôһòײЩƾʲô˵ʹʹ࣬ģһĲֵѾôõĥȴҪΪǡ
ǵĻҲճ޷΢΢ͷ῿ǰ˵仰ҲԸ
˵˵ң
á޷΢Цչգ΢΢һǣĻǰ˵˵Ӱ죬ܵȥ𣿡
㡣
޷ǳԡãֻ˸ɣ޷ֻޱۣڶģ񣬷ѩⴹ˿ӳƣ
¾ӴŽգпƳɨۣҴҶȥ
ңţȴ޷ֻܾǰָߵ췿š
˭ѽѩĴɤŴԶ
ҡ޷Ǵ޷ǣصλ
⻰˵꣬ڵ˺ˣöδеڶӦ
ԼĪ˴ĹʤĻ𣺡߰ɡ
ܵи޷һַģĳ޶⣬ֻԵ˽ᡣ
Ҫ˽⣿ѵڲɣѩ
˶ˡңҪڵĻһұԶ֣αصȵ˿̣
㡭ѩһţݺݵˣָԼӵ붯ǰɣѽѽûˣ
޷ǵһЦֹʩ˵ܡհȴгȡ֮磬ͻˡ
ѩȴʤһԡ
лֱ˵ҪΪҵļˡʤŲϷĳѩصڣƳһӴţңһţֻ˰ȣ˿
ֵ˿ϣ޷ƽʵ
ѩ⻰Ҫǰȴʤ챧ת˰ȦŻصϡ
лģͺˡʤӦ
ǣΪβý޷ʡ
ʤܶ𣬺˵˵ѩͨűߣԺ
޷ǲԣתţȻʵ⡮¾ӡ֮йأ
ʤһ
ҴҲ޷̣ҪΪֹ޷תһߵʤ󣬡ʱѦƴֻֿ졣ұ褶ԣ˾ֺγǷɶ˻𣿡
˵ʲôʤ
һĽƣ㵱Ĳӱܣʤҡ޷ʼƽûа춯֮΢ɲɽӫĩ֮ΪԡӲԣƾζ޹⣬簲ɵã
ʤſڣȻס
ʱԷâܴĥԺĳԣˣ˽䣬جա
ֻҪսʱݡںεأֻĸһ⣬̸ϻظԼ޷˵ţתԽǻްө֮ԽȱıһУվһƹ⡣԰գǻصңԣͷ뿪ӡ
ڵİƿ⣬ÿһƶ
º¿ŵ¾ӭ˵һˣǸݸ߸ߣˡȴҪȾơ
ʤô˹Ź֣ȴδͣǻѩԺصһ̳˳
ʱһʳͺȻϢȥʤˣݲǰ¡
ûǮվסѩ˹ȥ
һ֮˸ǮҲƵߡʤѩˣҲתȥдĿˡ
ƿͣһֱȵһʳ뿪
ƹֲָм룬ùӷ¾룬Ȼڡ
һʰиʣ˵ʤŲһͣػͷȻ
֣ʹҰֿϧˡǺ°ͣЦǺǵϷΤһ粻Ըһȥѧ
ʤȻ
¾⣬ڶֿڣ¥֮ң޷Ƕˣ⣬ԶԶ̵ķ
ô޷תңչЦһΣûʧɣ
òЦԳֺңţգǽ鷳ս򲻹ô죿
䱾Ӯ£ʱһ붼ܿ޷ЦŨͺñⱲӶӮһ
ң⸱ģתһָգмһǰȥһڡ
࣬һ֮

ԣ
ɾľͲˣзһᶪߡƷ


362 .  ƽ
, ޷ǻعݵӡ
ٹ£ĺӣȴҪȽһӵʵ
, ֻӡ, ʵĸ, Ҳ˼䣬, δֹˡ
ĸףӢ, ǹݾǧ, Ҳһεˡ
׵˭֪
һȥݡڼд˵嫳𱸺ó, ϴ, ǻСͻؼȥ
, ֱǰ޷ǻ嫳ʳʶ, Ǻҵ˭
ؼҾ֪ôˡ嫳һȰ, 뽫˭֪ܺ仹ûѧṦֽȴúܣֻͷһ, ֱӱڴȥ
޷ֽŲ, ˸, ûֱų̽СԴ, ס嫳, , ûƭң
ƭ, ƭ㡣嫳˰֣ʾسúţ𵽴ܡƢɲ常ǰ㣬֪㡣
޷ǲΪȻͷس
һ·Уüڵ˹ݡ
꺢˼Ұһ·ڴߣ̽⿴嫳ÿÿƼҪǳһܺӰԴȥ
壬ǲǣ޷һβسȥǰŴڣָŲԶһլͷңʵ
֮ϣдŶ֡󡱡
޷Сϲȫֻ֣ϵмǸ족֡
㵹ϵó嫳ǰͣ£תȥЦǺǶƽտѧҪɰɵöù
֪֪ˡ޷Ǽͣ£ֱһӳ﷭
Ƥ֪ҲԺﴳֻԶԶ̽ͷȥֻƼһûŮվǰ
һ൱Ů泯ǸŮӣȥ
ŮԣվһŮˣһ࣬Ȼˡ
ңлˡŮɤȻۣȴʣչɽȪ貶ĿĹ⣬ĸ꣬ԴңֻлλΪѩ֮
ӢæǰңһȰؿ˵Щ㱳Ҳ˲ٿࡣĺӡ
š
Ŷ⣬Ӣһʣֻһ֮ԵҲǳλλҰɡ
̡ңС㱻¾ȥѩɽӴȫȻûѰС;нһҲеʮָɴࡣ
Ӣϲüңңһ˫ˮ۾ԽԽǻϲڻ§˺һɿ
޷վǰЩ׵ɵЦ˰죬ֱ嫳ţعζԴ嫳ԣŸߣԾɳ棬һżһü򣬲ҡҡλվȡ
ǰļ⶯׷׳ſ
ңҲعͷ
ĩĳãкϣ貵Ĺ⻪Ҳһ㣬Ů۵ס
ң泯ǰ˼һַſ򣬳޷
޷ǵĿ֪ıнֱͦӡ
ɵСӣӢ޷ǿãȻüͷ
޷һ磬̳˹ȥ°ڣʵʲôѽ
ңŸӶ̬֮вԾ¶֮ɫ
ǰձͬ˵𣬡ŶתָָӢ˭
ʶ޷Ǵ
ɵӣԴһģ˵ĸףˡӢ
Ҳʶ޷üԾɲʵҵ˭
ˡӢ
Ѷ⺢ãԽǿţüͷԽ֮ɫԱ
ٿңˮ顭
ӢԾһ̾
޷Ǳһ䡰ˡ˵ԭأϰŻûü˵Ӣ˿ڡ
磬ȷҵȥݵǸӣûһˣӢüͷ
ôҲʼ˵˵ָָ޷ǣָָӢʵ𣿡
񡣡
񡣡
ĸӶˣͬʱڣӵǲš
ңһԣԴĸӶˣɻʢ
ңС˵ţңһ֡
ңֻǿ˿ȴ˵ֱӱϥż涢źһҵ޷ǿ˺һתͷ˿ӢСֹһģһ𡭡
ǲǲҪˣ޷ίʵҶûôܡ
ˣӢ̾˿޷ǵĻϣ׻̥ʮ£ǸɵҲš
ɵˣ޷Ǵ硣
Լﶼ֪Ҫϣ˵ɵ
˵ҵˣ
ͬҲû𡣡
ǡ
ˡ
޷Ǻ첲סŤͷһң˹Сֿ䴦
ô󣬳Ҷۡң˵ʲôƽƽҲ֪û
޷ǶԳγӣСһ죺ԡԲ𡭡Ҳ˵ˡ
ʦңҪѧ书ȱҪѧƽϢң˵ƲˣԺôѧأ
޷Ǳôһ˵ֺ˼֡ͷƤһͷһ治ԾԴȥСӦŶ
⵹˼翴Ŷˣָָ޷ǣ԰Ӣ⺢ƽﶼƵģסˡ
˵Ӣ˵ţȻߵǰңĸһս֮ԼѲҲԸԼϣŻɵСӡ
Ӣ˵ţһָ޷ǣԸ⣬ȥصأúٹʮ꣬ҳսӦԼ
áңһͷ
һԵ޷ǻûô£ֻԼƵġ
ɲ֪ģڿң߳ǵŵʱֶԼڴ
ֵ죬⻪գңˮɫȹϣĹ⡣ģӳкҲӴ˿ϡ

ԣ
ʱת±ãͷһΣԵɡ 󴫷ƽ°벿
